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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « International Colonial Institute – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "International Colonial Institute – History"

Velmet, Aro. « The making of a Pastorian empire : tuberculosis and bacteriological technopolitics in French colonialism and international science, 1890–1940 ». Journal of Global History 14, n^o 2 (juillet 2019) : 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022819000032.

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AbstractIn the early twentieth century, scientists at the Pasteur Institute and its colonial affiliates developed a historically specific form of bacteriological technoscience, which abstracted the human–microbe relationship from its environmental and social context, and created a model for public health governance that operated at the scale of the empire, rather than at the level of individual colonies or regions. Using a case study of tuberculosis management, this article argues that the success of the Pastorian model relied on its technopolitical vision of a universal model of managing human–microbe relations, while, in reality, exploiting precisely those fissures created by the uneven political and scientific landscape of the colonial and scientific world in which it operated. Pastorian bacteriology helped imperial administrators to imagine a globe-spanning, standardized empire, while restricting public health governance to technological innovations, rather than a proposal for social hygiene that would have expanded labour and associational rights for subject populations.

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Adetiba, Adedamola Seun. « “Localising Tropical Medicine” : A History of the Medical Research Institute (MRI) in Colonial Lagos, 1907–1920s ». Modern Africa : Politics, History and Society 9, n^o 1 (1 octobre 2021) : 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26806/modafr.v9i1.366.

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This article explores an early episode in the history of tropical medicine in colonial Lagos, British West Africa. It probes into the activities and outputs of scientists who operated within the Medical Research Institute (MRI) as a way to further complicate the agendas of tropical medicine. Scientists of the MRI undertook biomedical experimentation with a profound understanding of metropolitan and local imperatives as both determined the extent to which they contributed to popular discourses. The present paper explores the extent to which metropole-colony relations triggered local scientists at the MRI to resort to all available means, including human experimentation, in the course of ambitious scientific projects. In certain other contexts, international and local motivations converged to sway the ambivalent postures of colonial scientists to biomedical experimentation.

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Daviron, Benoit. « Mobilizing labour in African agriculture : the role of the International Colonial Institute in the elaboration of a standard of colonial administration, 1895–1930 ». Journal of Global History 5, n^o 3 (27 octobre 2010) : 479–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022810000239.

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AbstractHow could labour be mobilized for the production of agricultural commodities in colonial lands? This question was discussed by European powers on many occasions between 1895 and 1930, within the International Colonial Institute (ICI). Three key phases and issues can be identified in these debates relating to Africa: the recruitment of Indian indentured labour (1895–1905); the recruitment and management of indigenous peoples as paid labourers (1905–1918); and the mobilization of indigenous smallholder agriculture (1918–1930). During the whole period under study, the use of constraint, and its legitimacy, appear as a permanent feature of ICI debates. Associated first with European plantations, the use of force became a means to mobilize native farmers in accordance with the conceptions of colonial administrations regarding good agricultural practices. In addition, the ICI’s vision of colonial realities evolved from an out-of-date position during the first and second phases to a forward-looking one during the third phase, albeit one quite unrealistic in the scope of its ambition.

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Fasseur, C. « A Passage to Indonesia ». Itinerario 19, n^o 2 (juillet 1995) : 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300006793.

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A long story could be told about the educational institutions where young Dutchmen were trained for an administrative and legal career in the Indies. This educational process started with the foundation of the Javanese Institute (Instituut voor dejavaanse taal) in Surakarta in 1832. Ten years later this institute was closed and the training of Dutch civil servants was transferred to the city of Delft in the Netherlands. A Royal Academy for Engineers has been established in that town and was subsequently made subservient to this overseas task too. The study of language at an engineering academy reads strangely but was done for reasons of economy. In the words of the Minister of the Colonies (J.C. Baud) who was responsible for this decision: the arid and unpleasant study of Oriental languages could better be accomplished in a cold climate than in the hot climate of Java which was not at all conducive to hard work and study! In 1864 the instruction of civil servants for Indonesia was transferred to a state institution in Leiden (Rijks-instelling van onderwijs in Indische taal-, land- en volkenkunde). But the municipal authorities of Delft were unwilling to lose the young hopefuls for the Indies and their wealthy parents, many of them with a colonial background themselves, who, for the sake of the education of their children, had taken domicile in Delft after their retirement. In the same year 1864 the municipal council of Delft established a local Indies Institute (Indische Instelling) of its own that turned out much more successful than the Leiden state institute which soon disappeared. On the other hand, the training of Indies lawyers and judges became a firm monopoly of Leiden University after the passing of a new law on Dutch universities in 1876.

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Fardon, Richard. « ‘DO YOU HEAR ME ? IT IS ME, AKIGA’ : AKIGA'S STORY AND AKIGA SAI'S HISTORY ». Africa 85, n^o 4 (novembre 2015) : 572–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972015000595.

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ABSTRACTThe publication of a new translation of Akiga Sai's History of the Tiv invites reappraisal of Akiga himself as a local intellectual. This essay presents a biographical account of this early Tiv convert to Christianity, locating his celebrated History in its social, cultural, ethnic and historical contexts, and presents a provisional narrative of his career subsequent to the publication of Akiga's Story, the version of the History edited by Rupert East. As such, it is intended as an invitation to a full biography. The essay reconstructs, insofar as sources permit, the complex relationship between Akiga, East, the Dutch Reformed Church Mission and the International African Institute that led to the publication of Akiga's Story in the form known until now, comparing that version with the complete translation. Akiga's History emerges from this re-examination as a compellingly contemporary narrative engaged with the lived experience of ethnic identification under colonial rule.

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Das Gupta, Uma. « Using a Poet’s Archive to Write the History of a University : Rabindranath Tagore and Visva-Bharati ». Asian Studies, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2010) : 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2010.-14.1.9-16.

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The poet Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) was the founder of an institution that we know today as Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan in rural southern Bengal. The making of this institution was central to his concerns to the end of his life. He offered it as an alternative to the colonial system of education then prevailing in India. Starting it as an experimental school in 1901 he added an international university and an institute of rural reconstruction in 1921–1922. It was an education to bring city and village together by combining traditional knowledge with scientific experimentation. This endeavour is a relatively unexplored dimension of Tagore’s biography. In this presentation I shall examine how the making of this institution was a source of dialectical tension in Tagore’s life, and how he engaged with this tension in thought and action.

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Combeau-Mari, Evelyne. « L’observatoire d’Ambohidempona à Madagascar (1888–1923) : Pouvoir jésuite et science coloniale ». French Colonial History 12 (1 mai 2011) : 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41938212.

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Abstract The Astronomic Observatory of Ambohidempona embodies both in architectural and in functional terms the very expression of Jesuit power in the Malagasy capital. This study examines the degree to which a scientific institute focusing on research in meteorology and astronomy became a power locus in the colonial context. The key interest lies in the period chosen for study, 1889–1923. Jesuit work in Madagascar considerably predates that of the colonizers (1896), because it was motivated by the struggle against Protestants, who were already well implanted. The study shows that the Observatory, by means of its double identity—Jesuit and scientific—was placed at the heart of a network of knowledge production and collaborative projects, which had local, national, and international ramifications.

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Kumar, Arun. « Skilling and Its Histories : Labour Market, Technical Knowledge and the Making of Skilled Workers in Colonial India (1880–1910) ». Journal of South Asian Development 13, n^o 3 (25 novembre 2018) : 249–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973174118810050.

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Written in the backdrop of the emerging official discourse around occupational skill training in contemporary India, this article returns to the past to explain how the meanings of skill and skill training were produced through the interaction of the colonial education system and industrial actors in modern India. Using archival records, it studies the history of the Lucknow Industrial School—one of the earliest government institutes to skill Indians in various industrial trades and for the local railway workshop. The article argues that industrial training institutions, while crucial in defining and legitimizing a discourse of skill and efficiency based on the scientific and technical knowledge of workers, were subjected to the competing political and training discourses of the shop floor, financial unwillingness of the British empire to create a large infrastructure of industrial and technical education for the colony, local caste politics and aspirations of students. All these forces shaped the nature of skill transference and produced unintended results which strained the relationship between the training institute and industries. Similar conflicts and issues surround the contemporary skill programme. A historical study of skill development during the colonial era allows a better understanding of the prospect and perils of the present-day Skill India Mission.

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Sartori, Paolo. « Beyond the Islamicate Chancery : Archives, Paperwork, and Textual Encounters across Eurasia, a Preface ». Itinerario 44, n^o 3 (décembre 2020) : 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115320000297.

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AbstractThis thematic issue of Itinerario brings together a selection of papers presented at the international conference Beyond the Islamicate Chancery: Archives, Paperwork, and Textual Encounters across Eurasia, which was held at the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna in early October 2018. The conference was the third instalment in a series of collaborations between the Institute of Iranian Studies at the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the University of Pittsburgh examining Islamicate cultures of documentation from different angles. Surviving precolonial and colonial chancery archives across Eurasia provide an unparalleled glimpse into the inner workings of connectivity across writing cultures and, especially, documentary practices. This particular meeting has attempted to situate what has traditionally been a highly technical discipline in a broader historical dialogue on the relationship between state power, the archive, and cultural encounters.

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Worboys, Michael. « Imperial entomology : Boris P. Uvarov and locusts, c.1920–c.1950 ». British Journal for the History of Science 55, n^o 1 (20 janvier 2022) : 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087421000807.

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AbstractIn this article, I explore how the twin forces of imperial and entomological power allowed Britain to shape locust research and control across Africa, the Middle East and South Asia from the 1920s to the early 1950s. Imperial power came from the size of the formal and informal empire, and alliances with other colonial powers to tackle a common threat to agriculture and trade. Entomological authority came primarily from the work of Boris Uvarov and his small team of museum and fieldworkers based at the Imperial Bureau of Entomology (IBE), later the Imperial Institute of Entomology (IIE). I begin by discussing how Uvarov's phase theory of the origin of swarming changed the prospects for the control of locust plagues. The imperial gaze and networks of the IBE and IIE were suited to a problem that was transnational and transcontinental. In the 1930s, Britain was drawn into plans for international cooperation on locust organizations that met the needs of science, to give better sharing of knowledge, and the needs for science, to secure the resources for research and control. However, such organizations were only created during the Second World War, when new plagues threatened military operations, as I show in relation to the measures taken to control the red locust and desert locust. In the final section, I follow the fate of the wartime cooperation in initiatives to establish permanent control organizations. It is a story of the decline of British political power in locust affairs as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and regional agencies took over. My account of British locust research and control reveals a neglected aspect of histories of entomology and imperial/colonial science, especially their international relations and the continuing importance of metropolitan research centres.

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Thèses sur le sujet "International Colonial Institute – History"

Madida, Ngqabutho. « A history of the Colonial Bacteriological Institute 1891-1905 ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10767.

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Bibliography: leaves 84-88.
Africa was not a white man's grave just because it killed people, it was a white man's grave because it threatened to destroy the crops and animals that were the basis of the settlers' survival. Thus in 1891 the first research institute of its kind in Southern Africa if not in Africa was established in South Africa to deal with this threat. Its life span of fourteen years was accompanied by both personal and institutional achievement. Although still within the original aim of research, there was pursuit of 'breakthrough glory' that led to blunders and, in part, to the downfall of the man and the closure of the institute. The Colonial Bacteriological Institute (CBI) sometimes known as the Colonial Institute was the first bacteriological research laboratory set up in the Cape Colony to investigate human and stock diseases. This dissertation seeks to examine the history of that institute, from its beginning in 1891 to its closure in 1905.

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Turing, John M. F. « The construction of colonial identity in the Canadas, 1815-1867 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e4f76c2a-9be0-46c4-9d4c-938378ac06e4.

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This thesis examines the construction and contestation of Anglo-Canadian identity from the end of the War of 1812 until Confederation in 1867. It argues that the conflict between English- and French-speakers in the Canadas was by no means inevitable but a function of the institutional and political circumstances of the time. It seeks to complicate the picture of the British in Canada by demonstrating that they were a diverse community of different groups, institutions and religions that only through struggle and the incentives of party politics were able to unify themselves into a single culture. The development of party politics not just coincided with the creation of Anglo-Canadian identity but played a fundamental role in creating it. Through the burgeoning newspaper industry, the Reform and Tory parties spread their ideas of what it meant to be British, loyal and Canadian to a widespread English-speaking audience. Canadian history in this period is better understood not in the traditional dualist framework of British against French but as the complex interactions of many different groups, including the English, the Scots, the Irish Protestants, the Irish Catholics, the Americans and the French-Canadians. The thesis seeks to deconstruct the terms ‘British’ and ‘loyal’. Both terms were appropriated by various individuals and groups seeking to gain benefits by defining themselves as such. Until the early 1830s, attempts were made to include certain classes of French-Canadians within the broader British polity and identity. The 1837 rebellions marked the ‘othering’ of French-Canadians. Meanwhile the Upper Canada rebellions presented an enemy in the United States and a new strain of anti-Americanism, separate to that of the loyalists, was developed. By 1849, the moment of the rebellion losses crisis, the fundamental tenets of the Anglo-Canadian identity had been established: anti-Americanism, a concern about French political influence and a sense of kinship with English speakers across the province of United Canada. These three periods are shown to have played a crucial role in the development of an anglophone identity that encompassed the whole of United Canada.

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MacDonald, Andrew Scott. « Colonial trespassers in the making of South Africa's international borders 1900 to c.1950 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610898.

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Taylor, Rebecca Susan. « International trade in British West Africa during the colonial era : Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast and the Gambia ». Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343392.

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Raza, Muhammad Ali. « Interrogating provincial politics : the Leftist Movement in Punjab, c. 1914-1950 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fdc1fc64-98d7-46e1-8cee-387fa56dfa7e.

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This thesis examines the development of the Leftist movement in British Punjab and the insights it provides into the political spaces it inhabited and the actors it engaged with. Broadly speaking, this is an attempt at uncovering lesser fragments that offer the possibility of complicating our understanding of Punjabi and South Asian History. In doing so, I seek to uncover a socio-political arena which played host to a multiplicity of contested identities, notions of sovereignty, and political objectives. I thus seek to explore this complex and fluid arena through the study of a variety of movements and intellectual strands, all of which can collectively be labelled as the ‘Left.’ I begin by situating the Punjabi Left within the wider global arena and then shift to examining it within the province itself. I then explore the Left’s acrimonious relationship with the Colonial State as well as its tortured engagements with ‘nationalist’ and ‘communitarian’ movements. Taken together, this thesis, aside from enhancing our understanding of the ‘Left’ itself, also contributes to regional studies in general and questions historiographical demarcations and the categories that are normatively employed in standard political histories.

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Andrioni, Fabio Sapragonas. « Quando a história também é futuro : as concepções de tempo passado, de futuro e do Brasil em Herman Kahn e no Hudson Institute (1947-1979) ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-25052015-161036/.

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O objeto desta dissertação é uma ideia de futuro, ou seja, como o futuro foi compreendido dentro de um dado momento histórico e de acordo com certas condições. A ideia de futuro aqui analisada centra-se em torno de Herman Kahn, físico, estrategista militar e futurista. A constituição dessa ideia de futuro, contudo, não ocorreu afastada de uma compreensão de história. Para entendermos como ocorreu esse diálogo entre passado, presente e futuro, baseamo-nos nos conceitos propostos por Koselleck de espaço de experiência e horizonte de expectativa, assim como em alguns pontos do que o autor propõe como história dos conceitos. O início da formulação da ideia de futuro aqui analisada se deu no famoso think tank estadunidense que prestava consultoria à Força Aérea dos EUA, a RAND Corporation. Nesse período, o futuro é interpretado no curto prazo e pensado, no máximo, quinze anos à frente, e a história usada é recente, remetendo às I e II Guerras. Portanto, são questões restritas à segurança nacional e à defesa dos EUA e às relações com a Ásia e a Europa. Porém, ao lançar o seu primeiro e polêmico livro, On thermonuclear war, em 1960, no qual analisava, com detalhes, as possibilidades de uma guerra nuclear e como o país poderia se reerguer após ela, Kahn saiu da RAND e fundou seu próprio think tank, o Hudson Institute, em 1961. Acompanhando uma mudança de orientação de governo dos EUA e passando por dificuldades financeiras ao longo da década de 60 e 70, o Hudson Institute e Herman Kahn ampliaram, pouco a pouco, o tempo futuro analisado, chegando, em 1976, no livro The next 200 years, a prever duzentos anos à frente. Correspondendo a isso, havia também um recuo para o passado, alcançando o ano de 8000 a.C. Nesse momento, o Hudson Institute não mais trabalhava somente com as questões estadunidenses, mas também tinha uma atuação em âmbito mundial, visando influenciar empresas multinacionais e governos de outros países. Entre os governos pretendidos, estava o brasileiro. Porém, com projetos polêmicos e dados incertos e cambiantes, Kahn e o HI sofreram uma crítica impiedosa, sarcástica e agressiva no Brasil, o que nos permite verificar as falhas do método futurológico de Kahn e a política do governo brasileiro por trás das críticas. Por fim, toda essa exposição dos estudos futuros elaborados por Kahn desde 1947 até 1979 também nos permite refletir sobre a história e suas relações com o presente e o futuro e propor que para uma formulação sobre o futuro ou sobre o passado há, embutida, outra formulação sobre o tempo oposto.
The object of this dissertation is an idea of future or, more specifically, how the future was comprehended in a given historical moment and under certain conditions. This idea of future in our analysis is centered on Herman Kahn, a physic, military strategist and futurist. The constitution of this idea of future was not separated from a comprehension of history and it established a link between among past, present and future. To build it we based on Kosellecks concepts of space of experience and horizon of expectation and we used some ideas from Kosellecks conceptual history. Kahns idea of future started at RAND Corporation, the famous American think tank that advised the US Air Force. At that period, the future was only short term, it was thought at most fifteen years ahead and historical references were also recent, going back only until I and II Wars. Thus, the questions were restricted to the national security, the US defense and the relations with Asia and Europe. After his first book, On thermonuclear war, in 1960, Herman Kahn abandoned RAND. The book was very polemical. Kahn analyzed and accounted in details how a nuclear war could happen and how the country could rise after it. Out of RAND, Kahn established his own think tank, the Hudson Institute, in 1961. Hudson Institute and Herman Kahn widened the time analyzed, reaching two hundred years to the future and ten thousand year to the past in the book The next 200 years, in 1976. This broadened future accompanied a change of US government orientation and some financial difficulties faced by Hudson Institute that stretched for the sixties and the seventies. Beyond that, Hudson Institute was operating not only with American issues, but it was also working with world issues intending to influence multinational corporations and other countries. One of these countries was Brazil. However, in Brazil, Kahn and Hudson Institute suffered ruthless, sarcastic and aggressive critics due to polemical plans and changing and uncertain data. So the Brazilian critics were based on some mistakes of Kahn future study method, but they were based in an emphatic Brazilian government policy. We believe this exposition and analysis of Herman Kahns future studies since 1947 to 1979 provide us a deep reflection about history and the relations among past, present and future, so it is possible to state that some future or past formulation has embedded an implicit formulation about the opposite time.

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Devenish, Annie Victoria. « Being, belonging and becoming : a study of gender in the making of post-colonial citizenship in India 1946-1961 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8fbbf3b1-bb13-47a4-aee2-dd7b5dfb7804.

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Concentrating on the time frame between the establishment of India's Constituent Assembly in 1946, and the passing of the Dowry Prevention Act in 1961, this thesis attempts to write an alternative history of India's transition to Independence, by applying the tools of feminist historiography to this crucial period of citizenship making, as a way of offering new perspectives on the nature, meaning and boundaries of citizenship in post-colonial India. It focuses on a cohort of nationalists and feminists who were leading members of two prominent women's organisations, the All India Women's Conference (AIWC) and the National Federation of Indian Women (NFIW), documenting and analysing the voices and positions of this cohort in some of the key debates around nation building in Nehruvian India. It also traces and analyses the range of activities and struggles engaged in by these two women's organisations - as articulations and expressions of citizenship in practice. The intention in so doing is to address three key questions or areas of exploration. Firstly to analyse and document how gender relations and contemporary understandings of gender difference, both acted upon and were shaped by the emerging identity of the Indian as postcolonial citizen, and how this dynamic interaction was situated within a broader matrix of struggles and competing identities including those of minority rights. Secondly to analyse how the framework of postcolonial Indian citizenship has both created new possibilities for empowerment, but simultaneously set new limitations on how the Indian women's movement was able to imagine itself as a political constituency and the feminist agenda it was able to articulate and pursue. Thirdly to explore how applying a feminist historiography to the story of the construction of postcolonial Indian citizenship calls for the ability to think about the meaning and possibilities of citizenship in new and different ways, to challenge the very conceptual frameworks that define the term.

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Venosa, Robert Donato. « "Freedom Will Win—If Free Men Act!" : Liberal Internationalism in an Illiberal Age, 1936-1956 ». Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1588271691660565.

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Kennedy, Kate. « Britain and the end of Empire : a study of colonial governance in Cyprus, Kenya and Nyasaland against the backdrop of the internationalisation of empire and the evolution of a supranational human rights culture and jurisprudence, 1938-1965 ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b7f88699-7476-4a3d-b19e-ddbec50decf8.

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This thesis traces British colonial governance and the workings of the late colonial state from 1938 until the end of empire in the early 1960s in Cyprus, Kenya and Nyasaland. It proposes that colonial governance operated in place and time back and forth across a spectrum, typified by polarities of (i) 'soft' management and regulation of colonial populations in the 1940s, and (ii) 'hard' control exemplified by the use of harsh physical coercion in the 1950s, although both 'soft' and 'hard' approaches - and hybrid variants somewhere in between - were always, in truth, sides of the same coin. British colonial governance is examined through the filter of three approximate, although not rigidly linear, 'phases': (1) a 'soft' phase of development and welfare from 1938-45, during which the rhetoric of governance was distinguished by the language of benevolence, in the attempt to re-legitimise empire, (2) the post-war period from 1945-1950, when Britain played a leading role in establishing supranational institutions promoting universal human rights and also, and however reluctantly, extended a modified human rights regime to its colonies, and (3) the swing to 'hard' governance during emergency periods in Cyprus (1955-59), Kenya (1952-60) and Nyasaland (1959-60), during which Britain strove to resolve the dichotomy between competing domestic and international demands of (a) maintenance of empire, often through the use of coercive physical measures, and (b) promotion of universal human rights on the world stage. This was all played out, at least in part, as an albeit muted ideological confrontation between opposing post-war visions of global order - the very survival of the old imperial system pitched against the implicitly decolonising thrust of the universal human rights movement as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the European Convention on Human Rights (1950). This thesis argues that by 1959 and in part as a consequence of the cumulative political impact of allegations of human rights and other abuses during emergency periods, Britain could no longer reconcile these competing visions of colonial governance and world order, nor sustain its empire and colonial rule by force.

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Dundon, Colin George History Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. « Raicakacaka : 'walking the road' from colonial to post-colonial mission : the life, work and thought of the Reverend Dr. Alan Richard Tippett, Methodist missionary in Fiji, anthropologist and missiologist, 1911-1988 ». Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of History, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38694.

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This thesis contributes to the literature on the history of the transition from colonial to post-colonial in the Pacific. It explores the contribution of an individual to this transition, Rev. Dr. Alan Richard Tippett, as a focus for illuminating the struggles in the transitions and the development of post-colonial theory for mission. Alan Richard Tippet sailed to Fiji as an ordained Methodist missionary in 1941. He was a product of a Methodist parsonage and heir to the evangelical and revival tendencies of the Cornish Methodism of his family. He began his missionary career steeped in the colonial visions of the mission enterprise fostered by the Board of Missions of his church. He was eager to study anthropology but was given no chance to do so before he left Australia. He pursued his study of anthropology and history in Fiji and began to question the paternalism of colonial theory. Early in his time in Fiji he made the decision to join with those who sought change and the death of colonial mission. In his work as a circuit minister, theological educator, writer and administrator he worked to this end. He developed his talent for writing and research, encouraging the Fijian church to take pride in its past achievements. He became alienated from the administrators of the Australasian Methodist Board of Missions and could find no place in the Australian church. In 1961 he left Fiji and began a course of study at the newly formed Institute of Church Growth in Eugene, Oregon. This led him into the orbit of Donald McGavran and the newly emerging church growth theory of Christian mission. Although his desire was to enhance the study of post-colonial mission in Australia he could not find a position to support him even after he gained a PhD in anthropology from the University of Oregon. After research in the Solomon Islands he returned to the USA to assist Donald McGavran in the formation of the now famous School of World Mission at Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena. While at Fuller he exercised considerable influence in the development of missiological theory and especially the application of anthropological studies in post-colonial mission. Although he contributed to both the ecumenical and evangelical debates on mission, he found himself caught up in the bitter debates of the 1960s and 1970s between them and, despite all efforts to maintain links, lost contact with the ecumenical wing. Retiring to Australia in 1977 he found that his world reputation was not recognised in his native land. He continued his work apace, although he was deeply saddened by the ignorance he found in Australia and by his continued rejection. He finally donated his library to St. Mark???s National Theological Centre. He died in 1988 in Canberra.

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Livres sur le sujet "International Colonial Institute – History"

1959-, Fedorowich Kent, et Thomas Martin, dir. International diplomacy and colonial retreat. London ; Portland, OR : Frank Cass, 2001.

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International Institute of Social History. The International Institute of Social History : Publications. Amsterdam, The Netherlands : International Institute of Social History, 1985.

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History, International Institute of Social. The International Institute of Social History : History and activities. Amsterdam : The Institute, 1985.

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Smith, Hyrum W. Franklin International Institute : Seven ingredients for success. New York : Newcomen Society of the United States, 1991.

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Lena, Jayyusi, dir. Jerusalem interrupted : Modernity and colonial transformation 1917-present. Northampton, MA : Olive Branch Press, 2009.

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Lena, Jayyusi, dir. Jerusalem interrupted : Modernity and colonial transformation 1917-present. Northampton, MA : Olive Branch Press, 2009.

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International Theatre Institute. Kypriako Kentro. 21 chronia zōēs Kypriakou Kentrou Diethnous Institoutou Theatrou : 1977-1998. Leukōsia, Kypros : [Kypriako Kentro tou Diethnous Institoutou Theatrou], 1999.

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Law and colonial cultures : Legal regimes in world history, 1400-1900. Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2002.

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International affairs at home : The story of the Irish Institute of International Affairs. Dublin, Ireland : Institute of Public Administration, 2006.

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W, Roskamp Karl, dir. International Institute of Public Finance : Semicentennial, 1937 to 1987 = Institut international de finances publiques. Detroit : Wayne State University Press, 1987.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "International Colonial Institute – History"

Roig-Sanz, Diana. « The International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation ». Dans The Routledge Handbook of Translation History, 452–68. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315640129-32.

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Gassama, Ibrahim J. « International Law, Colonialism, and the African ». Dans The Palgrave Handbook of African Colonial and Postcolonial History, 551–67. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59426-6_23.

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Kassaye Nigusie, W. M., et N. V. Ivkina. « Post-colonial Period in the History of Africa : Development Challenges ». Dans Africa and the Formation of the New System of International Relations, 39–54. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77336-6_3.

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Mabuza, Mbuso Precious. « Inequity in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and the Colonial History of Public Health ». Dans Evaluating International Public Health Issues, 15–20. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9787-5_2.

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Rege, J. E. O., Joel Ochieng et Olivier Hanotte. « Livestock genetics and breeding. » Dans The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 59–102. Wallingford : CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0059.

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Abstract This chapter describes the contributions of the International Livestock Research Institute's (ILRI) to animal breeding. The specific topics include the genetic characterization and history of livestock, breeding technologies, genetic improvement of indigenous livestock, tools and methods for conducting breed surveys, classification of African livestock populations, molecular genetic characterization, the genetic history of cattle in Africa and linking livestock to human history, genetic history and geography of African sheep, genetic history and geography of African chickens, genetic history and geography of the African dromedary, establishment of a joint laboratory with CAAS in Beijing and expansion into Asia, ILRI's genetic characterization as a catalyst for international interest, genetics of trypanotolerance and genetics of resistance to gastrointestinal parasites.

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Rowiński, Paweł M., et Anna Zdunek. « Best Practices in Earth Sciences : The National and International Experience of the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences ». Dans Achievements, History and Challenges in Geophysics, 3–25. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07599-0_1.

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de Areilza, José M. « The History and Foundations of European Integration : A Contribution to the Debate on the Future of the Union ». Dans The Constantinos Karamanlis Institute for Democracy Series on European and International Affairs, 9–21. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00560-2_2.

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Wöcke, Albert, et Helena Barnard. « The Lingering Effect of Slavery and Colonial History on International Business : The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa ». Dans Contributions to Management Science, 73–94. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06003-8_4.

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Moscovitch, Brant. « “Against the Biggest Buccaneering Enterprise in Living History” : Krishna Menon and the Colonial Response to International Crisis ». Dans Global South Asia, 26–37. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003246756-3.

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Evangelista, Julia, et William A. Fulford. « Colonial Values and Asylum Care in Brazil : Reclaiming the Streets Through Carnival in Rio de Janeiro ». Dans International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 155–61. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_18.

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AbstractThis chapter shows how carnival has been used to counter the impact of Brazil’s colonial history on its asylums and perceptions of madness. Colonisation of Brazil by Portugal in the nineteenth century led to a process of Europeanisation that was associated with dismissal of non-European customs and values as “mad” and sequestration of the poor from the streets into asylums. Bringing together the work of the two authors, the chapter describes through a case study how a carnival project, Loucura Suburbana (Suburban Madness), in which patients in both long- and short-term asylum care play leading roles, has enabled them to “reclaim the streets,” and re-establish their right to the city as valid producers of culture on their own terms. In the process, entrenched stigmas associated with having a history of mental illness in a local community are challenged, and sense of identity and self-confidence can be rebuilt, thus contributing to long-term improvements in mental well-being. Further illustrative materials are available including photographs and video clips.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "International Colonial Institute – History"

Liu, Yiding. « A Brief History of Cruisers, Witnesses of the Colonial Imperialism ». Dans proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Literature, Art and Human Development (ICLAHD 2020). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201215.526.

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Chen, Li-Ping, Chunsheng Huang et Yi-Hui Chang. « Digital archives of taiwan agricultural history during the japanese colonial period ». Dans Proceeding of the 11th annual international ACM/IEEE joint conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1998076.1998156.

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Choi, Horang. « The stimulation of Korean signboard design in the Japanese colonial period ». Dans 9th Conference of the International Committee for Design History and Design Studies. São Paulo : Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-icdhs2014-0115.

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Ilyin, Viachheslav K. « Colonial Resistance Decrease Syndrome of Humans in Modified Artificial Environment ». Dans 54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, the International Academy of Astronautics, and the International Institute of Space Law. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.iac-03-g.2.08.

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Marzuki, Irfanuddin Wahid. « The Pattern of Minahasa Chinatown Settlement in Colonial Era : Urban Archaeology Study ». Dans 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220408.011.

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Kim, Eliana. « The Inter-Connection between Shamanism and Korean Medication Advertisement Design during the Japanese Colonial Period ». Dans 9th Conference of the International Committee for Design History and Design Studies. São Paulo : Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-icdhs2014-0131.

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Suratminto, Lilie. « Learning From The History Of Tangerang In The Colonial Period For The Better Future Of Indonesia ». Dans Proceedings of the Third International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature, and Local Culture Studies, BASA, 20-21 September 2019, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-9-2019.2296686.

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CHUN, Yongkeun, et Min-Soo KIM. « The rise of consumerism and the localization of trademark design in colonial Korea : Focusing on the “cultural rule” period between 1920 and 1937 ». Dans 10th International Conference on Design History and Design Studies. São Paulo : Editora Edgard Blücher, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-icdhs2016-01_006.

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Pesoshin, Valeriy. « The History of the Computer Department at Kazan Aviation Institute ». Dans 2014 Third International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union (SoRuCom). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sorucom.2014.53.

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Rieger, Marie A. « Multicultural aspects of colonial street names in the city of Dar es Salaam ». Dans International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/44.

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When used in a purely descriptive sense, the term multicultural means the simultaneous presence of people with different cultural backgrounds. If one takes this perspective, the city of Dar es Salaam is multicultural from its very beginnings. Geographically lying on the African continent, the city was founded by an Omani Sultan and, until Independence in 1961, was the capital of German East-Africa and subsequently administered by the UK. This eventful history is reflected in the different layers of names assigned to the streets in the historical city centre. The following article analyses the German colonial names focusing on the multicultural aspects they inscribe into the cityscape.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "International Colonial Institute – History"

Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust et Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations : Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations : An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, octobre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.

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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.

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Shifting Power in Global Health : Decolonising Discourses — Dialogue 3. United Nations University International Institute for Global Health, août 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/zqpd1096.

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This report summarises the third of three virtual discussions in the series on "Shifting Power in Global Health", co-convened by the United Nations University – International Institute for Global Health, Wilton Park, and Development Reimagined, which took place at a time of increasing and enduring calls for a reassessment of global health and recognition of its colonial heritage.

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Shifting power in global health : Decolonising discourses - series synthesis. United Nations University - International Institute for Global Health, Development Reimagined, Wilton Park, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/mr-f/2022/3.

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There have been an increasing number of voices – both individual and institutional – that have called for a reassessment of global health and greater recognition of its colonial heritage. Whilst there is currently no unified definition of what it would mean to decolonise global health, in its broadest sense, it has been described as the ‘imperative of problematising coloniality'. It is within this context that the “Shifting Power in Global Health: Decolonising Discourses” series was co-convened by the United Nations University’s International Institute for Global Health, Development Reimagined, and Wilton Park. Held as a set of three dialogues between November 2021 and May 2022, the series took as its point of departure the many discussions, webinars, and publications presenting the ways coloniality manifests within global health, with the aim of shifting from problematising coloniality to catalysing decoloniality. While colonialism refers to the physical occupation of a bounded territory, coloniality, in both its historical and present-day manifestations, is understood as a globally persistent and geographically unbounded extractive process that drives inequities. Consequently, while decolonisation is easily recognised by the physical removal or exit of the colonising force, a similarly straightforward definition for decoloniality is not so easily found.

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