Thèses : « International Association for Identification »

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Orsi, Davide. « Civil association and international society : Michael Oakeshott's political philosophy of international relations ». Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/70045/.

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This thesis contends that Oakeshott’s political philosophy contributes to constructivism in International Relations by identifying the moral foundations of international society and law. The epistemological basis of this contribution is a methodological holism that is defended through arguments developed within British Absolute idealism. The opposition between concrete and abstract concepts grounds a theory in which knowledge is conditional because it is constructed on certain assumptions or postulates. Philosophy identifies and interrogates the postulates, exposes their limited value and maintains the logical autonomy of the various forms of knowledge, from a universal point of view. The concepts of tradition and moral practice are central in Oakeshott’s political philosophy, and indicate a theory of normativity in which moral reasoning and political activity are a form of argumentative discourse constructed by starting from the assumptions shared within a certain community. In this light, Oakeshott is compared to the exponents of the English School and to constructivism because of his definition of an interpretative approach, in which world politics is a normative engagement and the role of theory is to consider its presuppositions as well as its universal meaning. Moreover, it is shown that he offers a comprehensive theory of the evolution of international society and of the role of war that is consistent with his broader political philosophy. The theory of ‘civil association’ is the ground for an understanding of international society as an association between states constituted by the recognition of moral constraints on the actions of states. These constraints are institutionalised in customary international law, which is understood as a moral practice. Therefore, international society is grounded on an evolving morality resulting from the historical conduct of states. As such, Oakeshott’s political philosophy provides an understanding of international relations that is distinct from both Realism and Universalism.

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Zheng, Feng. « Visual data association : tracking, re-identification and retrieval ». Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17223/.

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As there is a rapid development of the information society, large amounts of multimedia data are generated, which are shared and transferred on various electronic devices and the Internet every minute. Hence, building intelligent systems capable of associating these visual data at diverse locations and different times is absolutely essential and will significantly facilitate understanding and identifying where an object came from and where it is going. Thus, the estimated traces of motions or changes increasingly make it feasible to implement advanced algorithms to real-world applications, including human-computer interaction, robotic navigation, security in surveillance, biological characteristics association and civil structure vibration detection. However, due to the inherent challenges, such as ambiguity, heterogeneity, noisy data, large-scale property and unknown variations, visual data association is currently far from being established. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the studies of associating visual data at diverse locations and different times for the tasks of tracking, re-identification and retrieval. More specifically, three situations including single camera, across multiple cameras and across multiple modalities have been investigated and four algorithms have been developed at different levels. Chapter 3 The first algorithm is to explore an ensemble system for robust object tracking, primarily considering the independence of classifier members. An empirical analysis is firstly given to show that object tracking is a non-i.i.d. sampling, under-sample and incomplete-dataset problem. Then, a set of independent classifiers trained sequentially on different small datasets is dynamically maintained to overcome the particular machine learning problem. Thus, for every challenge, an optimal classifier can be approximated in a subspace spanned by the selected competitive classifiers. Chapter 4 The second method is to improve the object tracking by exploiting a winner-take-all strategy to select the most suitable trackers. This topic naturally extends the concept of ensemble in the first topic to a more general idea: a multi-expert system, in which members come from different function spaces. Thus, the diversity of the system is more likely to be amplified. Based on a large public dataset, a prediction model of performance for different trackers on various challenges can be obtained off-line. Then, the learned structural regression model can be directly used to efficiently select the winner tracker online. Chapter 5 The third one is to learn cross-view identities for fast person re-identification, in a cross-camera setting, which significantly differs from the single-view object tracking in the first two topics. Two sets of discriminative hash functions for two different views are learned by simultaneously minimising their distance in the Hamming space, and maximising the cross-covariance and margin. Thus, similar binary codes can be found for images of the same person captured at different views by embedding the images into the Hamming space. Chapter 6 The fourth model is to develop a novel Hetero-manifold regularisation framework for efficient cross-modal retrieval. Compared with the first two settings, this is a more general and complex topic, in which the samples can be relaxed to the images captured in the very far distance or very long time, even to text, voice and other formats. Taking advantage of the hetero-manifold, the similarity between each pair of heterogeneous data could be naturally measured by three order random walks on this hetero-manifold. It is concluded that, by fully exploiting the algorithms for solving the problems in the three situations, an integrated trace for an object moving anywhere can be definitely discovered.

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Xu, Jiajun. « Buying influence ? : the international diplomacy behind donor financing of the World Bank's International Development Association ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4e90a729-0a79-457a-9497-b35defeae456.

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This thesis addresses the puzzle of why changes in relative donor contributions to the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA) did not reflect shifts in their relative economic capabilities. It addresses the grand debates about how power transitions shape a US-led hegemonic international system by exploring one specific international organisation. Drawing primarily on archives, elite interviews, and participant observation, I examine sixteen rounds of IDA replenishment negotiations from 1960 to 2010. There are three puzzles a close empirical analysis throws up. The first is why the hegemon maintained its burden shares regardless of rise or fall in economic status; I call this ‘Hegemonic Lag’. The second is why ascending powers were slow to assume greater burden-shares despite economic ascents; I call this ‘Challenger Inertia.’ The third puzzle is why significant burden-shifting occurred on a much greater scale than shifts in relative economic weight; I call this ‘Accelerated Burden-Shifting.’ Two conventional explanations – donors’ relative ‘ability-to-pay’ and their ‘country-specific interests’ – offer a first-cut analysis of donors’ ability and willingness to contribute. However, they fail to uncover how bipolar geopolitics and World Bank governance shaped IDA burden-sharing dynamics. This thesis tests whether the hegemon will maintain its shares even if its relative economic capacity wanes, if its bipolar rival poses a more intense external threat. Equally it tests whether a hegemon and/or waning powers with a desire to expand total IDA resources will cede voting rights to ascending powers in exchange for financial support to IDA. Finally, the research examines whether a hegemon violating the ‘fairness’ principle by shirking obligations but pursuing undue influence will face secondary states willing to take ‘exit/voice’ measures to restore an implicit contribution-to-influence equity line; and whether such countermeasures would be postponed if secondary states are structurally dependent upon the hegemon and/or lack viable outside options. In-depth case studies are used to test these hypotheses. Overall the thesis reveals that the US maintained or cut its burden share as the Soviet threat waxed and waned; and that as the Soviet Union collapsed the US abandoned both its leadership for IDA expansion to counter the Soviet threat and its self-restraint in controlling the World Bank, provoking the fairness concern among secondary states – the most potent factor in explaining IDA burden-sharing dynamics in the post-Cold War era.

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Eybpoosh, Matineh. « Identification Of Risk Paths In International Construction Projects ». Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612315/index.pdf.

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Within the context of construction projects, risk is generally defined as an uncertain happening which is the function of its occurrence probability and the severity of its possible impacts on pre-defined objectives. According to this definition, international construction projects are high-risk endeavors, since they are known with their complex natures, large sizes, multidisciplinary frameworks, and unfamiliar and uncertain environments. International construction projects have more complex risk emergence patterns as they are affected from multiple global and foreign country conditions as well as project-related factors. Huge and complicated interrelationships and dynamic interactions among these influencing factors necessitate more systematic, comprehensive, and multi-attribute risk management process for overseas projects. In order to satisfy the requirements of such a risk management system, a realistic, inclusive, and accurate picture of the real case, reflecting all the aforementioned aspects of the international projects, is necessary. The major aim of this study is to demonstrate that there are causal relationships between various risk factors which necessitate identification of risk paths rather than individual risk factors during risk identification and assessment phases. Identification of a network of interactive risk paths, each of which initiated from diverse v vulnerabilities of the project system, is considered to be a better reflection of the real conditions of construction projects rather than using generic risk checklists. In this study, using the data of 166 projects carried out by Turkish contractors in international markets, and utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique, 36 interrelated risk paths were identified and the total effects of each vulnerability factor and risk path on cost overrun were assessed. SEM findings prove the main hypotheses of the study. The results demonstrate that every risk path is generated from specific vulnerabilities of inherent in project environment. Risk identification using SEM helps decision-makers in answering &ldquo
what-if&rdquo
questions in early stages of a project, in tracing the effects of interdependent risks throughout the life of the project, and in evaluating the influence of alternative mitigation strategies, not only on specific risks, but also on the whole network of interrelated risk factors.

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Arkhiiereiev, Sergii I. « Ukrainian international business under influence of EU-Ukraine association agreement ». Thesis, Харківський національний університет ім. В. Н. Каразіна, 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/39004.

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Gilmour, Tony. « Network power : an international study of strengthening housing association capacity ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5393.

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Operating in the space between state, market and society, nonprofit housing associations are part of a new generation of hybrid organisations. Unlike traditional organisations delivering publicly subsidised affordable rental accommodation, governance is networked not hierarchical. The state can influence - through subsidy, regulation and direct intervention - though seldom chooses to directly control. Housing associations regularly partner with public sector agencies, private developers and other nonprofit or hybrid organisations. Networking is used to share resources, build local coalitions and increase institutional learning. This thesis uses a cross-national case study approach to develop frameworks leading to a deeper understanding of what housing associations are becoming. The topic is addressed through the research focus on how to strengthen housing association capacity, taken to be ‘the capability of an organisation to achieve goals’. Nine associations of three organisation types, selected from the city regions of San Francisco, Melbourne and Manchester, provided rich documentary and interview information. This was supplemented by interviews with senior staff at networked organisations identified through snowballing techniques. Organisational capacity is often seen as a set of attributes that housing associations possess, such as a mission statement and governance procedures. This has led to a narrow focus on capacity building through professionalisation, introducing management approaches from the private sector. The research findings suggest the importance of broader approaches to strengthening organisational capacity, for example though collaboration between associations by merger, group structure, or procurement partnerships. Capacity can also be built with assistance from both traditional and emerging networked support organisations. Trade and professional bodies, together with consultants, lobby organisations, researchers and community groups form part of a broader web. The success of contemporary housing associations depends not only on the skills of individuals working for the organisation, but their ability to make connections across the wider environment - organisational capacity strengthened through network power.

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Gilmour, Tony. « Network power an international study of strengthening housing association capacity / ». University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5393.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Operating in the space between state, market and society, nonprofit housing associations are part of a new generation of hybrid organisations. Unlike traditional organisations delivering publicly subsidised affordable rental accommodation, governance is networked not hierarchical. The state can influence - through subsidy, regulation and direct intervention - though seldom chooses to directly control. Housing associations regularly partner with public sector agencies, private developers and other nonprofit or hybrid organisations. Networking is used to share resources, build local coalitions and increase institutional learning. This thesis uses a cross-national case study approach to develop frameworks leading to a deeper understanding of what housing associations are becoming. The topic is addressed through the research focus on how to strengthen housing association capacity, taken to be ‘the capability of an organisation to achieve goals’. Nine associations of three organisation types, selected from the city regions of San Francisco, Melbourne and Manchester, provided rich documentary and interview information. This was supplemented by interviews with senior staff at networked organisations identified through snowballing techniques. Organisational capacity is often seen as a set of attributes that housing associations possess, such as a mission statement and governance procedures. This has led to a narrow focus on capacity building through professionalisation, introducing management approaches from the private sector. The research findings suggest the importance of broader approaches to strengthening organisational capacity, for example though collaboration between associations by merger, group structure, or procurement partnerships. Capacity can also be built with assistance from both traditional and emerging networked support organisations. Trade and professional bodies, together with consultants, lobby organisations, researchers and community groups form part of a broader web. The success of contemporary housing associations depends not only on the skills of individuals working for the organisation, but their ability to make connections across the wider environment - organisational capacity strengthened through network power.

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Rahman, Mohammad Mahfuzur. « Identification and cloning of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endothelial cell association genes ». Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392033.

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Fowdar, Javed Youssouf. « Identification of Hypertension Genes Following a Genome-Wide Association Scan ». Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365911.

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Hypertension, which is defined as persistent high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and affects more than 1 billion people worldwide. Approximately twenty percent of Australian adults receive treatment for hypertension and thus hypertension is also a major cost to healthcare systems, both in Australia and worldwide. Despite the high burden of hypertension on society, the majority of the risk factors for developing hypertension are still unknown. Though the involvement of environmental factors in hypertension development has been relatively well-characterised, hypertension is a complex polygenic disease of which only a few susceptibility genes have been identified. The broad aims of this research were therefore to identify hypertension susceptibility genes through both a traditional hypothesis-driven approach (candidate gene studies) and through gene discovery methods that do not rely on a priori biological assumptions (genome-wide association studies and pathway analysis studies). Using a combined approach, this research investigated both canonical blood pressure regulation pathways and novel mechanisms for association with hypertension susceptibility. The study utilised a case-control association approach involving Australian hypertensive cases and age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched controls to investigate specific candidate genes and a more comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) and pathway analysis for novel gene discovery. The candidate gene approach was based on the hypothesis that hyperhomocysteinemia-causing gene variants in enzymes of the homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism pathway increase the risk of hypertension and examined four such markers in three Hcy pathway genes, MTHFR, MTRR, and MTHFD1. Despite some mixed reports on the positive association of hypertension and MTHFR, this approach found no significant association of any of the Hcy gene markers with hypertension either individually or in an epistatic interaction model.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medical Science
Griffith Health
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McAuley, Erica Zoe Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine UNSW. « Identification of bipolar disorder susceptibility genes ». Publisher:University of New South Wales. Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43690.

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Bipolar affective disorder is a severe mood disorder, which is characterised by episodes of mania and depression. The aetiology of bipolar disorder remains elusive, with little known about the underlying biological, anatomical, or biochemical effects. However, family, twin and adoption studies provide evidence for a strong genetic component to the disorder. Due to the high heritability, familial clustering, and common population prevalence of the illness, molecular genetic studies can be implemented to identify bipolar disorder susceptibility genes. This thesis investigated the candidate gene serotonin 2A receptor (HTR2A), which lay within a region on chromosome 13q14 previously identified by bipolar disorder genome-wide linkage scans. Significant association was found with bipolar disorder and a SNP within intron 2 of HTR2A in an Australian case-control cohort. Haplotype association analysis identified a 5-SNP protective haplotype within HTR2A. Conducting a new genome-wide linkage scan on 35 Australian bipolar disorder pedigrees found significant evidence for linkage on chromosome 15q25-26. Subsequent fine-mapping of the region verified the linkage peak with a significant maximum multipoint LOD score of 4.58. Haplotype analysis, based on pedigree-specific, identical-by-descent allele sharing, supported the location of a bipolar susceptibility gene within a 6.2Mb confidence interval. The candidate gene sialyltransferase 8B (ST8SIA2), which had previously shown association with SNPs within the genes promoter region and schizophrenia in two independent Asian cohorts, lies within the chromosome 15q25-26 locus. Failing to replicate the association found with these specific SNPs, and without finding association with two additional SNPs in an upstream conserved putative regulatory region, a fine-mapping association study was conducted across the entire 6.2Mb interval. The strongest association signals were observed at SNPs 16kb upstream from and within the fourth intron of ST8SIA2. A specific bipolar disorder risk haplotype was identified for ST8SIA2, and this was also observed to be over-represented in a cohort of Australian schizophrenia cases. This finding suggests that the ST8SIA2 gene, for which strong developmental regulation was observed, may be a shared susceptibility gene for both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. In summary, this thesis has provided evidence identifying both HTR2A and ST8SIA2 as bipolar disorder susceptibility genes.

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Morey, Richard D. « Unidimensional absolute identification : magnitude estimation or paired-associated learning ? / ». free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422947.

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Urban, Michael Crawford. « Imagined security : collective identification, trust, and the liberal peace ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:92c67271-8953-46a8-b155-058fb5733881.

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While not uncontested, the finding that liberal democracies rarely, if ever, fight wars against each other represents one of the seminal discoveries of international relations (IR) scholarship. Nevertheless, 'democratic peace theory' (DPT) – the body of scholarship that seeks to explain the democratic peace finding – still lacks a satisfactory explanation for this phenomenon. In this thesis, I argue that a primary source of this failure has been DPT's failure to recognize the importance of collective identification and trust for the eventuation of the 'liberal peace'. Building on existing DPT scholarship, most of it Realist or Rationalist in its inspiration, but also employing insights from Constructivist and Cognitivist scholarship, I develop a new model of how specific forms of collective identification can produce specific forms of trust. On this basis, I elaborate a new explanation of the liberal peace which sees it as arising out of a network of trusting liberal security communities. I then elaborate a new research design that enables a more rigorous and replicable empirical investigation of these ideas through the analysis of three historical cases studies, namely the Canada-USA, India-Pakistan, and France-Germany relationships. The results of this analysis support the plausibility of my theoretical framework, and also illuminate four additional findings. Specifically, I find that (1) IR scholarship needs a more nuanced understanding of the interaction between agents and structures; (2) 'institutionalized collaboration' is especially important for promoting collective identification; (3) DPT scholarship needs to focus more attention on the content of the narratives around which collective identification takes place; and (4) dramatic events play an important role in collective identification by triggering what I term catharses and epiphanies. I close the thesis by reviewing the implications of my findings for IR and for policymakers and by suggesting some areas worthy of additional research.

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Ideström, David. « International Entrepreneurship : A Capabilities Perspective on Opportunity Identification and Exploitation ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-328343.

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This study aims to explore what capabilities that are involved in the formation and early performance of firms that internationalize in an early stage of their development. More specifically, the antecedents of identification and exploitation of business opportunities are explored and linked to specific capabilities. For this purpose, an exploratory-inductive case study is employed to allow for new capabilities to be identified. The analyzed data largely confirms the insights already reached in academic research, in particular the centrality of networking capability in the process of entrepreneurship. As for international business opportunities, the study highlights the importance of creating opportunities to meet with prospective international customers and suggests the importance of absorbing knowledge about these markets so as to reduce cultural distance. The main virtue of this study though, is that it provides a practice-oriented perspective on the process of international entrepreneurship.
Denna studies syfte är att utforska vilka förmågor som bidrar till grundandet av och prestationsförmågan hos företag som söker sig till internationella marknader i ett tidigt skede av sin utveckling. Mer specifikt utforskas vilka händelser som ligger till grund för att affärsmöjligheter identifieras och exploateras; dessa händelser kopplas sedan till specifika förmågor. En induktiv och explorativ studie begagnas i detta syfte för att möjliggöra att ej tidigare upptäckta förmågor kan upptäckas. Analysen av datan bekräftar de insikter som tidigare har nåtts inom forskningsområdet, framförallt betydelsen av ”networking capability” i entreprenörskap. När det gäller internationella affärsmöjligheter betonas vidare vikten av att skapa möjligheter till att träffa presumtiva kunder och det föreslås att det är av vikt att tillägna sig kunskap om dessa marknader i syfte att överbrygga kulturellt betingade kunskapsluckor. Studiens främsta förtjänst är att den ger ett perspektiv på det internationella entreprenörskapet som ligger praktiken nära.

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Lee, Jae Young. « Bona fide regulatory expropriation in international law : identification and justifications ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12123/.

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The primary objectives of this thesis are to clarify and distinguish the existence of regulatory expropriation from other types of indirect expropriation and to propose alternative ways to rescrutinise regulatory expropriation in light of its establishment and justification in international law. In pursuing the first objective, the research delves into certain national, regional, and international contexts, identifying the key features of regulatory expropriation – for instance, regulatory autonomy and regulatory interference – and conducts an extensive exploration of the relevant principles of international law. This exploration concentrates especially on the doctrine of police power and on principles that can contribute to an elaborated application of the doctrine for the identification of regulatory expropriation. With regard to the second objective, the research examines the principle of necessity in international law that functions to preclude the wrongfulness of a state’s act and also takes into account the interacting relationship between customary international law and bilateral investment agreements. In addition, the research goes a step further by means of its analysis of the necessity exception in WTO law. This thesis puts forward the conclusion that an arbitral approach to bona fide regulatory expropriation that can be justified in international law, if it is based on the elaborated application of the doctrine of police power and on the application of the principle of proportionality within the framework of the ends-means and the cause-effect, will be more desirable for investment treaty arbitration given that arbitration is a type of public law adjudication.

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Costa, Hugo Manuel Gomes. « Proposal of a balanced scorecard in a non-for-profit international association ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12428.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
Num mundo cada vez mais competitivo e num contexto de crise económica Europeia, mais do que nunca as organizações sem fins lucrativos enfrentam grandes restrições orçamentais, sendo forçadas pelas suas partes interessadas e em última análise pela sociedade a ter de fazer mais com muito menos. Neste cenário é fundamental que possuam uma gestão extremamente profissionalizada, permitindo a sua sustentabilidade financeira e a capacidade de realizar o que se propuseram, e que consiste na razão da sua existência, através da implementação das estratégias e mecanismos de gestão que possibilitem construírem o futuro e de modo a estarem preparadas para novos e inesperados desafios, enquanto perseguem a sua missão. Ao longo dos últimos 20 anos, o Balanced Scorecard demonstrou ser uma ferramenta bastante eficaz na gestão da estratégia, quer entre as organizações do sector lucrativo, quer nas organizações sem fins lucrativos, afigurando-se portanto a sua aplicação a um sector onde os recursos são cada mais escassos, como ainda mais premente e essencial. O presente trabalho de projecto apresenta como objectivo principal uma proposta de implementação de um Balanced Scorecard numa Associação Internacional sem fins lucrativos, pretendendo proporcionar um estudo detalhado numa organização inter-governamental. Apesar de a literatura apresentar vários estudos de aplicação da ferramenta em organizações sem fins lucrativos, não foi encontrado nenhum estudo no campo específico do apoio pan-europeu ao networking científico e tecnológico, pelo que se considera este trabalho de projecto como uma válida contribuição para o estudo da aplicação do Balanced Scorecard como ferramenta de gestão.
Nowadays in an increasingly competitive world and in a context of European economic crisis, more than ever the non-for-profit organisations are facing budget constraints and being called to do more with less from the stakeholders and ultimately from the society. In this scenario is fundamental to the non-for-profit organisations to have a very professional management, enabling the financial sustainability and ?fit for purpose? of the organisations, through the implementation of the necessary strategies and mechanisms in order to shape their future and to be prepared for new and unforeseen challenges whilst pursuing their mission. The Balanced Scorecard has shown, for more than 20 years to be an efficient and effective tool for strategic management and management control both in profit and non-for-profit organisations and its application in the non-for-profit organisation seems to be even more relevant in times of resources increasingly scarce. Thus, the current project aims to propose a design of a Balanced Scorecard in a non-for-profit International Association, giving the opportunity to present a detailed study on an inter-governmental organisation. Despite the literature presenting several application studies of the tool in non-for-profit organisations, no empirical study was found in this specific field of pan-European support of scientific and technological networking. Therefore, this project is considered as one more valid contribution for the applied study of the Balanced Scorecard as a management tool.

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Bissessur, Abhimanyu. « The identification and analysis of the critical success factors of strategic airline alliances ». Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/5398.

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Since the beginning of the decade, the structure of the industry has been changing rapidly as airlines from various parts of the world have been forming alliances. These alliances transcend the traditional types of co-operation which have always existed in the industry and constitute a strategy designed to give the partners a competitive edge. However, many of these alliances are failing. This can be attributed to a poor understanding of the managerial and operational characteristics of airline alliances. This research attempts to correct this deficiency by identifying and analysing the factors which are important to airline alliance success. In order to set the background of the research, the various ways in which firms have traditionally been linked are reviewed. The evolution of co-operation in the airline industry in the US, Europe and Asia is traced and the forces which have driven airlines to adopt the alliance strategy are identified. The various collaborative strategies of airlines are described. The definition of alliance success is critical to this research. Various definitions are explored and the ones considered most appropriate for this study are taken as alliance stability and alliance operational performance. The issues to be considered in ensuring airline alliance stability are qualitatively analysed. Among the most important ones are a pragmatic and careful approach in the formation process of the alliance, an understanding of the relationship between the partners with particular importance given to commitment and the generation of trust, and recognition of the evolutionary process of alliances as the priorities of the partners change over time. The operational objectives of airline alliances are identified and classified as either market-related or production-related. Market-related objectives include economies of scope and density, and market power. Alliance performance is mathematically modelled using linear and logit regression techniques. The results of the analyses point to the following: network size and network complementarity, network integration,connection quality, the type of flight (on-line, code-shared or interline) and alliance frequency of service as important alliance success factors. The reaction of competitors is also found to determine the benefits of airline collaboration. On the production side, the objective of allying is to decrease unit costs and increase efficiency by combining certain operational areas. A case study of Austrian Airlines is performed to identify the cost and productivity areas which have benefited from alliance formation. Graphical analysis shows that benefits were reaped mostly in the areas of labour productivity and aircraft utilisation. This implies that these are the areas which should be targeted when making use of the alliance strategy. Unit costs were not found to be greatly affected by alliance formation.

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Mueller, Lukas. « Vielfliegerprogramme in der Rechnungslegung ». St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/99628893001/$FILE/99628893001.pdf.

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Babb, Chantal Louiza. « Identification of candidate genes and testing for association with tuberculosis in humans ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21524.

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Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigated human candidate genes for susceptibility to tuberculosis and the effect of various factors on time to sputum conversion in the admixed South African Coloured (SAC) population. Population stratification was formally tested and excluded. Population based casecontrol studies were the primary analysis method with a variety of genotyping methods. Candidate polymorphisms in RANTES, CCR5, CCR2 and SDF1, were not associated with tuberculosis susceptibility. Initially the RANTES polymorphism -403 was found to be associated with tuberculosis susceptibility but after the testing of additional samples the association was lost, illustrating the challenges with association studies. The C-type lectins DC-SIGN, encoded by the gene CD209, and L-SIGN are important pathogen-recognition receptors of the human innate immune response. Both lectins have been shown to interact with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. CD209 promoter polymorphisms, -336 and - 871, were both found to be associated with tuberculosis susceptibility. The haplotype containing CD209 -871G and -336A was strongly associated with the control group. The CD209 -336A allele has been found to be associated with increased DC-SIGN expression, which may be the underlying reason for an increased efficiency of host phagocytes. Susceptibility to tuberculosis in mice has recently been attributed to the Ipr1 gene. Eight polymorphisms in the human homologue, SP110, were investigated, including two novel polymorphisms. No significant associations were found with any of the polymorphisms investigated, including two polymorphisms that were previously found to be associated with tuberculosis susceptibility in West African populations. A cohort of 249 cases from a longitudinal study of first time pulmonary tuberculosis patients was available. The cohort was used to investigate if the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms FokI, ApaI and TaqI were associated with tuberculosis susceptibility or time to sputum conversion, and to investigate other clinical and demographic factors affecting the rate of response to treatment. No association between the VDR genotype and tuberculosis was found in the case-control study. The cohort allowed for a reliable conversion time to be determined for smear (n=220) and culture (n=222). Analysis was carried out to determine which factors, including VDR FokI, ApaI, and TaqI genotypes, contribute to faster mycobacterial resolution in sputum. This was done by survival curves and Cox regression models. The results indicate that the extent of disease at diagnosis was predictive of both smear and culture conversion times in the final models. Smoking status and VDR genotype contributed independently to smear conversion time, with ApaI ‘AA’ and TaqI ‘T’ containing genotypes being predictive of a faster response to tuberculosis therapy. We can conclude that the time taken for an individual to convert to sputum negativity while on DOTS therapy, can be independently predicted by the VDR genotype. This may have implications for future immunomodulatory therapies. Identifying what contributes to susceptibility to tuberculosis will provide us with a better understanding of the human immune response to tuberculosis which may lead to the development of accurately targeted therapeutics and vaccines.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kandidaatgene vir die vatbaarheid vir tuberkulose en die effek van verskeie faktore op sputum oorgangstyd was in hierdie navorsingsstudie ondersoek in die Suid-Afrikaanse Kleurlingbevolking (SAC). Dié bevolking was ook getoets vir populasie-stratifikasie, waarvan daar geen bewyse gevind is nie. Populasiegebaseerde pasiënt-kontrole studies was die primêre metode van analise en verskeie genotipering metodes was gebruik. Polimorfismes in kandidaatgene soos RANTES, CCR5, CCR2 en SDF1 was nie met die vatbaarheid van tuberkulose geassosieer nie. Oorspronklik was daar ‘n assosiasie met die RANTES -403 polimorfisme, maar met die genotipering van addisionele individue het die assosiasie verdwyn. Resultate verkry vir die polimorfisme illustreer die uitdagings waaraan assosiasie studies onderworpe is. Die C-tipe lektiene DC-SIGN, wat gekodeer word deur CD209, en L-SIGN is belangrike patogeen herkenningsreseptore in die aangebore immuunreaksie. Interaksies tussen beide lektiene en Mycobacterium tuberculosis is voorheen gerapporteer. Die CD209 promoter polimorfismes, -336 en -871, was met die vatbaarheid van tuberkulose geassosieer. ‘n Haplotipe bestaande uit die CD209 -871G en -336A allele was sterk met die kontrole groep geassosieer. Die CD209 -336A alleel was geassosieer met ‘n toename in die DC-SIGN proteïen vlakke, wat moontlik ‘n onderliggende rede is vir die toename in die effektiwiteit van die gasheer se fagosiete. Vatbaarheid vir tuberkulose is onlangs toegeskryf aan die Ipr1 geen in muise. Agt polimorfismes, insluitend 2 voorheen onbekendes, was in die mens homoloog SP110 bestudeer. Geen positiewe beduidende assosiasie was met enige van die polimorfismes gevind nie ten spyte van die feit dat twee van hierdie polimorfismes voorheen met tuberkulose vatbaarheid geassosieer was in bevolkings van Wes-Afrika. ‘n Versameling van 249 TB pasiënte van ‘n longitudinale studie was beskikbaar. Dié groep was gebruik om polimorfismes FokI, ApaI and TaqI in die vitamien D reseptor geen (VDR) te bestudeer ten opsigte van vatbaarheid vir tuberkulose of sputum oorgangstyd sowel as ander kliniese en demografiese faktore wat die tempo van respons op behandeling kan affekteer. In hierdie studie was daar geen assosiasie gevind tussen die ontwikkeling van tuberkulose en die VDR genotipes nie. Die bepaling van ‘n betroubare oorgangstyd vir beide smeer en kultuur van die groep was moontlik. Analises was uitgevoer om te bepaal watter faktore bydrae tot vinniger resolusie van Mycobacteria in sputum. Resultate verkry het aangedui dat die aard van die siekte tydens diagnose voorspelbaar was van die oorgangstye van beide smeer en kultuur in die finale modelle. Die rookstatus van individue sowel as die VDR genotipes het onafhanklik bygedrae tot die oorgangstyd van die smeer, met ApaI ‘AA’ en TaqI ‘T’ bevattende genotipes wat ‘n vinniger reaksie op tuberkulose behandeling voorspel het. Ter opsomming, die tyd wat dit ‘n individu op DOTS terapie neem om na sputum negatief oor te gaan kan onafhanklik deur die VDR genotipe voorspel word. Dit kan moontlik implikasies hê vir ander immunomodulerende terapië in die toekoms. Die identifisering van faktore wat bydra tot die vatbaarheid van turberkulose sal ons in staat stel om ‘n beter begrip te hê van die immuunrespons teen tuberkulose wat moontlik kan lei tot die ontwikkeling van akkurate behandelings en inentings.

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Silva, Vinicius Henrique da. « Identification of CNVs in the Nelore genome and its association with meat tenderness ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-22042015-134017/.

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The Nelore breed represents the vast majority of Brazilian Zebuine cattle (Bos taurus indicus). The great adaptability of the Nelore breed to Brazilian tropical climate, however, is not associated with meat tenderness (MT). It is known that MT is influenced by several environmental factors, but also genetic composition. In the first chapter, we report a genome-wide analysis of copy number variation (CNV) inferred from Illumina® Bovine High Density SNP-chip data for a Nelore population of 723 males including 30 sires. We detected >2600 CNV regions (CNVRs) representing ≈6.5% of the Bos taurus genome. The CNVR size was 65 kb on average, ranging from 5 kb to 4.3 Mb. A total of 1155 CNVRs (43.6%) overlapped 2750 genes. They are enriched for important functions such as immune response, olfactory reception and processes involving guanosine triphosphate (GTP). The GTP processes have known influence in skeletal muscle physiology and morphology. Quantitative trait loci for MT, partly specific for Nelore, overlapped a substantial fraction of CNVRs and two CNVRs were found proximal to glutathione metabolism genes that are associated with MT as well. Comparing our results with previous studies revealed an overlap in ≈1400 CNVRs (>50%). We selected 9 CNVRs that overlapped regions associated with MT and we validated them in all 30 sires by qPCR. There was identified many genomic regions of structural variation in Nelore with important implications on the MT phenotype. In the second chapter, a total of 34 animals of the population were subjected to transcriptome analysis and meat tenderness (MT) phenotyping. We identified 170 CNV fragments (CNVFs) residing in 20 CNVRs, which occurred in different frequencies between animals with tougher and softer meat genetic potential. A considerable fraction of the identified CNVFs affected gene expression of the MT genes, which play important roles in glycogen metabolism, connective tissue turnover, membrane transporters and glutathione pathways. We also detected that several CNVRs substantially influenced the expression of overlapped and nearby genes, where the increase or decrease of copy number correlated well with the change in gene expression. Among them are two CNVRs at chromosomes 12 and 23, which are in the vicinity of previously described QTLs for MT in Nelore breed. Several CNVFs, which are more frequent in animals with genetic potential for softer or tougher MT, showed significant differences in gene expression. Those regions are linked to important biological functions with highly relevant influences on MT and skeletal muscle physiology.
A raça Nelore é predominante no rebanho zebuíno brasileiro (Bos taurus indicus). A grande adaptabilidade da raça Nelore ao clima tropical brasileiro, no entanto, não está associada à maciez de carne (MT). Sabe-se que MT é influenciada por vários fatores ambientais e pela composição genética. Foi realizada uma análise de todo o genoma para inferir Variação no Número de Cópias de Segmentos Genômicos (Copy Number Variation - CNV) a partir de dados oriundos de chip de SNP (Illumina® Bovine High Density), para uma população de 723 machos Nelore, incluindo 30 ancentrais da população. Foram detectadas >2600 regiões de CNV (CNVRs) representando ≈6.5% do genoma bovino. O tamanho médio do CNVR foi de 65 kb, variando de 5 kb até 43 Mb. Um total de 1155 CNVRs (43.6%) obtiveram sobreposição com 2750 genes. Estes genes foram enriquecidos para as funções importantes, tais como resposta imunológica, recepção olfativa e processos que envolvem o trifosfato de guanosina (GTP). As vias metabólicas do GTP conhecidamente influenciam a fisiologia e a morfologia do músculo esquelético. Loci de características quantitativas (QTLs) para MT, alguns específicos para Nelore, sobrepuseram uma fração substancial das CNVRs encontradas. Dois CNVRs foram encontrados em região proximal à genes do metabolismo da glutationa os quais também são associados com MT. Comparando os resultados com estudos anteriores ≈1400 CNVRs (>50%) foram sobrepostos. Nove CNVRs em regiões associadas com MT foram validados nos 30 ancentrais por qPCR. Em conclusão, foram identificadas regiões genômicas de variação estrutural no Nelore, com potenciais implicações sobre o fenótipo MT. No segundo capítulo, um total de 34 animais da população foi submetido à análise do transcriptoma e análise de potencial genético para MT. Foram identificados 170 fragmentos de CNV (CNVFs) mapeados em 20 CNVRs, os quais mostraram frequências significativamente diferentes entre animais com potencial genético para carne mais dura ou mais macia. Uma fração considerável dos CNVFs identificados afetaram a expressão gênica de genes MT (anteriormente descritos como associados à MT ou fisiologia do músculo esquelético), os quais desempenham um papel importante no metabolismo de glicogênio, volume do tecido conjuntivo, transportadores de membrana e vias metabólicas da glutationa. Um número considerável de CNVRs foram associados à expressão de genes sobrepostos e nas proximidades, onde o aumento ou diminuição do número de cópias foi associado com a mudança na expressão gênica. Dois CNVRs associados foram mapeados para os cromossomo 12 e 23, estando próximos a QTLs anteriormente descritos para MT na raça Nelore. Vários CNVFs, entre animais com potencial genético para carne mais macia ou dura, mostraram diferenças significativas na expressão gênica. Essas regiões estão ligadas a importantes funções biológicas com influências altamente relevantes para MT e para a fisiologia do músculo esquelético.

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Scotland, Grant. « Identification of the membrane association domain of the cyclic AMP-specific phosphodiesterase RD1 ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244437.

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De, Sousa Teixeira Vitor Hugo. « Identification et caractérisation des gènes candidats dans la polyarthite rhumatoïde ». Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EVRY0032/document.

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La Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde, une des maladies auto-immunes les plus répandues, est caractérisée par une destruction progressive des articulations, conduisant à des déformations et handicaps. La nature multifactorielle de la PR fournit une hétérogénéité élevée avec des combinaisons spécifiques entre un profil génétique et des facteurs environnementaux qui influencent la susceptibilité, la gravité et le développement de la maladie. L’objectif de cette thèse est l’identification et la caractérisation de gènes candidats dans la PR. Nous avons confirmé l’association ainsi que la liaison des régions TRAF1-C5 et 6q23, et démontré une tendance pour une association et liaison entre la région génique 4q27 et la PR dans la population européenne. De plus, nous avons fourni des résultats concluants qui s’opposent à une implication des gènes PRKCH, CASP7, RANK, RANKL et PTPN22-1123G dans la susceptibilité génétique à la PR dans la population européenne. Nous avons effectué une étude d’expression génique utilisant 48.701 ADNc des PBMC de patients et contrôles sains. Une expression différentielle de 339 gènes entre les deux groupes a été observée. Nous avons identifié une expression élevée d’un spectre de nouveaux gènes impliqués dans différents mécanismes immunitaires de la PR. Nous avons aussi identifié une association entre les allèles HLA EP et le tabac au sein des patients ACPA positifs avec une PR familiale ou sporadique. Ces différentes approches complémentaires ont permis l’identification de nouveaux gènes et la mise en évidence d’interactions gène-autoanticorps-environnement, contribuant ainsi à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes pathologiques de la PR
Rheumatoid Arthritis, one of the most common autoimmune diseases, is characterized by progressive articular damage leading to joint deformities and disability. The multifactorial nature of RA provides high disease heterogeneity with specific combinations of a genetic background and environmental factors that influence the susceptibility, severity and outcome of the disease. The aim of this thesis was the identification and characterization of candidate genes in RA. We have confirmed the association and linkage of TRAF1-C5 and 6q23 gene regions, and demonstrated a trend for the association and linkage of the 4q27 gene region with RA in European descent populations. Furthermore, we provided evidence against the involvement of the PRKCH, CASP7, RANK and RANKL genes and the PTPN22–1123G allele in RA genetic susceptibility in the European population. We performed a large-scale gene expression profiling study using 48.701 cDNAs in PBMCs of RA patients and healthy controls. A differentially expression of 339 genes (238 down-regulated and 101 up-regulated) between the two groups was observed. We identified a remarkably elevated expression of a spectrum of new genes involved in immunity and defense mechanisms. Finally, we identified an association between HLA SE alleles and tobacco smoking for anti-CCP positivity in French population with familial and sporadic RA. All these complementary approaches that allowed the identification of new genes and gene-autoantibodies-environment interactions contribute to a better understanding of RA disease mechanisms and could lead to the identification of innovative clinical biomarkers for diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions

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Borba, Igor M. « International Arbitration : A comparative study of the AAA and ICC rules ». [Milwaukee, Wis.] : e-Publications@Marquette, 2009. http://epublications.marquette.edu/theses_open/20.

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Miyokawa, Norifumi Post David. « International student access to U.S. higher education since World War II how NAFSA (Association of International Educators) has influenced federal policy / ». [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4588/index.html.

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Harris, David W. « Perceptions of International School Heads Towards the Identification of Quality Principal Candidates ». Thesis, Lehigh University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3589904.

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Seeking and finding highly effective principals to lead our schools is one of the highest priority tasks for a school head. Research has documented the importance of the principal for improved student achievement. Waters, Marzano, and McNulty (2004) reviewed the literature over the past 35 years and identified 21 specific leadership responsibilities that have a statistically significant, positive correlation to student achievement. The purpose of this descriptive survey study was to deepen our understanding of the ways that international school heads identify high-potential principal candidates.

The survey, Dimensions of Quality Leadership Candidate Identification (DQLCI), was distributed to a random sampling of the complete population of international school heads of full member schools in all regional associations. From a population of 732 international school heads, an average of 184 valid responses (25%) for the four questions was received. However, two regions received a higher percentage response rate thus improving the external validity of the results for the two regions: East Asia Regional Council of Schools (44%) and the Near East South Asia Council of Overseas Schools (56%).

Specifically, the study examined four areas that heads attribute to identifying each of the 21 responsibilities upon screening principal candidates: the principal candidate quality, the value that heads attribute to each of the 21 responsibilities upon screening principal candidates, the perceived ease of identifying each of the 21 responsibilities in principal candidates being screened, and the best method of identifying each of the 21 responsibilities when screening principal candidates.

The results indicated that international school heads felt that the quality of candidates was just a little better than average with qualitative data highlighting the shallow pool of quality candidates. Heads perceive the 21 responsibilities to have high value in the candidate screening process. Five themes emerged from a factor analysis or data reduction process. Heads value the following factors (in descending order of importance): (1) Ideals and Beliefs about the School's Learning Culture; (2) Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment; (3) Personal Communication and Relationships; (4) Managerial Leadership; and (5) Principal as Change Agent. These themes provide a clear topical framework for principal preparation programs and for the design of effective principal recruitment tools.

In response to the third question, the heads became more uncertain about their ability to identify the 21 responsibilities. Heads deemed interview, then reference checks, the two best methods to identify the 21 responsibilities in candidates; however, qualitative data points to the need for multiple measures to triangulate the data and build a better profile of a potential candidate.

Recruiting high-quality leadership is difficult in the best of conditions but the nature of international school leadership recruitment is complex. It is important for an international school head to be proactive and able to develop systematic and intentional hiring practices.

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Andrew, Craig Bruce. « Strategic leadership within the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award Association between 1988 and 2004 ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/125/1/andrew-mba.pdf.

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Providing strategic leadership for global Not-for-Profit organisations poses great challenges to the leadership structures of these voluntary organisations. This study looks at the phenomenon of strategic leadership in the Duke of Edinburgh’s (DOE) International Award Association (IAA) as a global Not-for-Profit Organisation (NPO). The main aim of the research was an in-depth examination of the processes involved in leadership at the top level in a global NPO. Eight strategic leaders from the top management team were interviewed. Further information was generated from a study of the Annual Reports spanning the 15 year period (1988/9 – 2003/4), and key strategic documents were used as supporting material. The research was conducted in a phenomenological paradigm, using the case study research method. Care was taken to minimize possible researcher bias and interpretations, as the researcher has been associated with this organisation for the past 18 years. It was found that the Royal Family play extremely valuable and multifaceted roles in the organisation. The triumvirate of The Royals; The Secretary General’s; and The Trustees; works well as individual ‘great groups’ yet when necessary, they form a collective collaborative grouping to effect strategic leadership for the IAA. The two main themes to emerge from the findings were the nature of the DOE as a global NPO and the role of strategic leadership in the DOE Award. The DOE Award has demonstrated that it has many unique strategic leadership features and is using these features to become more business-like in the application of its new strategic vision. The individual ‘great groups’ offer sound leadership throughout the process of overseeing and running the business of the DOE Award yet, when necessary and appropriate, these great groups appear to work collectively, perhaps in an unstructured manner, as the triumvirate of power. Their collective collaborative leadership is a unique feature of the DOE Award. The highly interactive role of the Royal Family is unique and sets the DOE Award apart from other similar youth organisations globally. The nature of the loose association of National Award Authorities all subscribing to the rules and conditions of association is also a very unique feature of this NPO. The DOE Award is not a movement organisation but is guided by its service ethic. The DOE Award is a service organisation in which the strategic leadership plays a crucial role yet the constitutional power resides with the International Award Association membership. This IAA membership meets every three years at the World Forum Triennium to approve all new policy and procedures.

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Davis, Marie E. « The association between change styles and job satisfaction among teachers working in international schools ». University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Education, 2009. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00006188/.

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[Abstract]This research was conducted among the population of teachers working in international schools around the world, focusing on change, job satisfaction and thetransition process. Change style is believed to be an innate aspect of personality, which influences the preferences, attitudes and emotions surrounding change (Musselwhite,2004). Although these change style preferences are manageable and fluid within our lives, knowledge of them can assist in greater self-awareness and professional satisfaction.The purpose of the study was twofold. First, it aimed to determine if an association exists between an individual’s change style and job satisfaction. Secondly, itaimed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of cultural, technical and political factors connected with professional satisfaction and the relocation process.The research was guided by an interpretivist lens. An exploratory case study was conducted, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis.Quantitative data collection included a psychometric assessment tool on change styles and a survey questionnaire, completed by 204 respondents. The qualitative element consisted of semi-structured interviews with seven volunteers, identified from thequantitative data set. Communication with participants was conducted through the Internet so as to reach a globally diverse sample of teachers. Qualitative responses wereseparated by themes, which in turn were refined into broader categories, leading to systematic interpretations of change styles among this specific group of internationalteachers. Quantitative data provided descriptive statistics with which to compare qualitative interpretations. Quantitative and qualitative data were compared and contrasted throughout, leading to greater credibility and applicability of the study.The research contributed to existing knowledge in three ways. Methodologically, it demonstrated the value of using mixed data sets in interpretive inquiry. Theoretically, itadded to the existing research into and application of change styles. Empirically, it offered understanding and interpretations of international school employees as theyexperience the relocation process and job satisfaction. Generally, the research contributes to a broader understanding of international school teachers which could enhance professional development opportunities and self-awareness and thereby promote increased levels of job satisfaction.

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Fonseca, Herbert Moreti 1973. « Encoding, application and association of radio frequency identification tags on high speed manufacturing lines ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28513.

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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2004.
"June 2004."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-51).
One of the entry points of radio frequency identification technology in supply chain applications is at the manufacturing line, after production, as packaged goods leave for the next link of the network of suppliers, carriers, distributors and retailers. To RFID-enable packaged products, an RFID device needs to be attached to the packaging and an identification number needs to be generated and stored accordingly. Today, a few early adopters of the technology already started to apply RFID tags to some of their cases and pallets and to collect and store the information. These processes however, are still to a large extent done at a slow pace, manually or in an experimental mode, and that may not be suited for large scale applications. To address this issue, this research document focuses on the implementation of an RFID enabled process under strict time and performance constraints, for case packaged goods and pallets. This document reviews the currently published information on the topic and the Auto-ID technology standards. It analyses system integration challenges, proposes a process for case and pallet level encoding, application and association and discusses some of information systems requirements for the implementation. It proposes a framework of options with the requirements and considerations the author believes to be most relevant.
by Herbert Moreti Fonseca.
M.Eng.in Logistics

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28

Guo, Ling. « Identification of novel SLE susceptibility genes by microarray analysis and candidate gene association study ». Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2008.

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Terada, Kuniyuki [Verfasser]. « Actors of International Cooperation in Prewar Japan : The Discourse on International Migration and the League of Nations Association of Japan / Kuniyuki Terada ». Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & ; Co. KG, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160312141/34.

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Bergström, Johanna. « Gender equality and sustainable development for export ? : a critical study of EU association agreements in Latin America ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/72748/.

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In June 2012 the European Union signed bilateral Association Agreements (AAs) based on a neoliberal economic growth philosophy with Central American states as well as! with Colombia and! Peru. In addition to free trade, these also include a ppolitical dialogue as well as an international cooperation pillar. This thesis explores empirical disconnects and contradiction in the EU’s efforts to combine these different aspects in it foreign policy. In particular, it investigates how successful the EU is in linking these AAs to it work towards sustainable development and gender equality at multiple levels. It does this by moving from a wide and international perspective to a local and more specific one. In doing this the thesis examines international trends, while concentrating on EU development policies in relation to trade with Latin America, using Guatemala as a case study. Most critiques against the AAs take place within a modernity framework but this research moves beyond these notions and considers how we may account for ‘the local’ and critically engage with Western mainstream development discourses. This thesis argues that there, in addition to the empirical disconnects in EU policy, is a disconnect within theory between gendered international political economy (GIPE) and theories on sustainability. Therefore the theoretical framework aim at bridging this gap by linking environmental feminist thought with feminist economics. In addition, this thesis includes Mayan cosmovision (worldview) and the concept of buen vivir (good life), which is inspired by indigenous people’s worldviews and is present in the Bolivian as well as the Ecuadorian constitutions. This way local forms of theoretical knowledge is taken into account and combined with complementing forms of feminisms, allowing for a critical analysis of trade, gender and sustainable development in Latin America.

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Jozwiak, Lawrence W. « Marriage encounter as a private association of the Christian faithful ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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Mahmoud, Rudaina. « The main determinants of international student identification with a UK middle ranking business school corporate brand : an international marketing perspective ». Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13820.

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The aim of this study is to make a theoretical contribution vis-à-vis the main determinants of international student identification with a middle ranking business school corporate brand. The findings of this study are of foundational significance in theory building terms. A substantive theory of international postgraduate student identification in UK middle ranking business school corporate brands is introduced. This theory was found to be underpinned by five attractiveness dimensions: brand similarity, brand distinctiveness, association with a metropolitan city brand, country brand and university physical campus. The findings showed that brand similarity, brand distinctiveness, association with a metropolitan city brand, country brand and university physical campus are the main corporate brand identification dimensions of international postgraduate students – in terms of attractiveness – of a middle ranked business school (Brunel Business School). Whilst the tuition fees were a constituent part of the initial theoretical framework, this variable was not shown to have a significant effect on middle ranking business school corporate brand attractiveness. The findings also showed that brand distinctiveness and the country brand had a direct positive effect on international postgraduate student identification. Moreover, brand similarity, brand distinctiveness, metropolitan city brand, country brand and university physical campus affect international postgraduate student identification indirectly through the mediating effect of middle ranking business school corporate brand attractiveness. Whereas the effects of brand distinctiveness and country brand on international postgraduate student identification are partially mediated, and the effect of metropolitan city brand is fully mediated, tuition fees have an inverse, unmediated effect on international postgraduate student identification. A test of alternative moderating effect showed that the effects of brand similarity, brand distinctiveness, association with a metropolitan city brand, country brand, university physical campus and tuition fees on international student corporate brand identification were not moderated by the effect of middle ranking business school corporate brand attractiveness. This study – focusing on a middle ranking business school corporate brand, internationalisation/international marketing– appears to be the first of its kind. It is one of the first attempts to provide a theoretical undertaking regarding the main determinants of international student identification with a middle ranking business school corporate brand. The instrumental contributions of this study stress the efficacy of business school managers in focusing on corporate brand building and corporate brand communication activities. Whilst the statistical generalisability of the findings generated from a single case study is limited, the insights are analytically generalisable.

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Kourula, Erkki. « The identification and characteristics of regional arrangements for the purposes of the United Nations Charter ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385555.

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Ramos, Miguel R. « Group identification and perceived discrimination : a study of international students in the UK ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/934.

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This thesis examined how international students experience life in the UK and, in particular, how these students respond to experiences with discrimination and social exclusion. Specifically, we drew on the rejection-identification model (Branscombe et al., 1999) in order to examine the impact of minority group identification as a coping strategy against perceptions of discrimination. Despite the number of studies supporting the rejection-identification model (e.g. Schmitt et al., 2002, Schmitt et al., 2003), discrepant findings were found in other research (e.g. McCoy & Major, 2003; Eccleston & Major, 2006). In order to solve these inconsistencies we proposed to extend this model in two important ways. Firstly, building on important work on the multidimensionality of social identification (e.g. Cameron & Lalonde, 2001; Ellemers et al., 1999; Jackson, 2002), we argued that a multidimensional perspective of the rejection-identification model is fundamental given that different dimensions of social identification (i.e. ingroup affect, centrality, and ingroup ties) have different effects on psychological well-being. Secondly, we hypothesised that the protective effect of the different dimensions of social identification depended upon individual preferences, beliefs and behaviours towards own and host group (i.e. acculturation strategies). These two extensions to the rejection-identification model were tested longitudinally with a sample of 160 international students. Results indicated that none of the dimensions of social identification serve to protect students from the harmful effects of discrimination. Indeed, support was found for the argument that it is important to investigate possible moderators of the rejection-identification relationship. Our results also indicated that when international students perceive discrimination, a separation strategy allows them to maintain ingroup affect, and in this way protect their self-esteem. Integration, marginalisation, and assimilation strategies were associated with lower ingroup affect leaving these students without a successful strategy to cope with discrimination. Although the aim of this thesis was to examine the experiences of international students, in Chapter 7 we replicated our previous model with a sample of Polish immigrants (N = 66) in order to test whether our results could be generalised to other minority groups. Results supported the previous findings with international students. Finally, the discussion of this thesis focused on the importance of taking into account individual acculturation strategies in order to understand the relation between perceived discrimination, minority group identification, and well-being. We also focused on how the knowledge generated by this research may support international students.

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van, den Born Remco Willem. « Guidentity : A guided journey through identification ; exploring the case of international tour guides ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444605.

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Tour guides are often required to be a certain version of themselves while selling a particular state of mind to their guests. The job and its lifestyle suggest many influences on tour guides’ identities. Guiding involves working in an emotional environment, representing different groups simultaneously, wearing different ‘masks’ throughout a given working day, and living a unique lifestyle. By interviewing international guides leading active, multi-day, luxury trips, this study explores a broad range of factors that might influence their identity. It analyzed how their work context relates to their idea and sense of self, mainly as a tour guide but also what that means to their perceived place in the world as a person. The study found that the guides highly value the human connections in their job, and they have a strong sense of belonging to their co-leader community. They identify as separate from society by living a peculiar, dynamic, and challenging lifestyle, avoiding settling down. Moreover, they see themselves as socially competent, and they derive purpose and meaning from the job by assuming different roles that make a positive difference for the guests they encounter. The life satisfaction, self-esteem, and confidence that emerges is so gratifying that to a certain extent they forgive the unsustainable practices of their employer. However, the exposure to negative environmental impacts brings about many negative emotions, and even though they try, the minimal impact they individually have on reducing these impacts bothers them and negatively influences their well-being.

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van, Zanten Marta. « THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MEDICAL EDUCATION ACCREDITATION AND THE EXAMINATION PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONALLY EDUCATED PHYSICIANS SEEKING CERTIFICATION IN THE UNITED STATES ». Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/171108.

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Public Health
Ph.D.
Background: Physicians do not always provide appropriate patient care, due in part to inadequacy in their education and training. Performance outcomes, such as individuals' examination scores have been linked to future performance as physicians, accentuating the need for high-quality educational institutions. While the medical school accreditation process in the United States assures a uniform standard of quality, approximately one quarter of physicians in training and in practice in the United States graduated from medical schools located outside of the United States or Canada. These graduates of international medical schools (IMGs) have been more likely than domestically educated doctors to practice primary care and treat underserved and minority populations. An increasing proportion of IMGs who seek to enter post-graduate training programs and subsequent licensure in the United States graduated from medical schools located in the Caribbean. The quality of medical education at some of these schools has been questioned. Accreditation systems are frequently viewed as a way to ensure the quality of medical education, although currently there is limited data linking an educational oversight mechanism to better performance of the graduates. In addition, accreditation systems vary in the methodology, standards, and procedures used to evaluate educational programs. The purpose of the first phase of the present research was to examine medical education accreditation practices around the world, with special focus on the Caribbean region, to determine the association of accreditation of medical schools with student/graduate performance on examinations. The aim of the second phase of this research was to evaluate the quality of a select group of accrediting agencies and the association of quality with student/graduate outcomes. Methods All IMGs seeking to enter graduate training positions in the United States must first be certified by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG). In addition to other requirements, ECFMG certification includes passing scores on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 (basic science), Step 2 Clinical Knowledge (CK), and Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS). In the first phase, all IMGs taking one or more examinations leading to ECFMG certification during the five-year study period (January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2010), and who graduated from, or attended at the time of testing, a school located in a country that met the accreditation inclusion criteria, were included in the study population. First-attempt pass rates for each examination were calculated based on personal variables (gender, years elapsed since graduation at the time the individual took an examination [<3 years versus ≥ years], native language [English versus all others]), and on accreditation status of an individual's medical school. Next, separately for each examination, a generalized estimating equations model was used to investigate the effect of accreditation after controlling for the personal variables. Following the assessment of accreditation on test performance at the global level, the same analyses were conducted separately on the data from students/graduates who attended medical schools located in the Caribbean, and on the data from students/graduates who attended medical school not located in the Caribbean. In the second phase, the quality of a select group of accrediting agencies was evaluated according to the criteria determined by a panel of experts to be the most salient features of an accreditation system. Accreditation systems that used 80% or more of the criteria were given a quality grade of A, and systems using less than 80% of the criteria were given a grade of B. The association between the quality of an accreditation system and student performance, as measured by first-attempt pass rates on USMLE, was investigated in this second phase. The Temple University Office for Human Subject Protections Institutional Review Board determined by expedited review that this study qualified for exemption status. Results As of January 2011, there were 173 countries with medical schools listed in the International Medical Education Directory (IMED), of which 118 met the inclusion criteria. During the study period approximately 67,000 students/graduates took Step 1 for the first time, 55,600 took Step 2 CK, and 58,200 took Step 2 CS. Over one quarter of the test takers graduated from, or were students at, schools located in the Caribbean. For the global population, better performance on Step 1 was associated with the male gender, testing within three years of graduation, non-native English-speaking status, and attending a school located in a country with a system of accreditation. For the Caribbean population on Step 1, results were similar, except native English speakers outperformed non-native English speakers. After controlling for covariates, the odds of passing Step 1 for those from accredited schools were 1.8 times greater for the global group and 4.9 times greater for the Caribbean group as compared to the odds of passing the examination on the first attempt for individuals from nonaccredited schools. In contrast, in the non-Caribbean group accreditation was not associated with examination performance. Increased performance on Step 2 CK for the global group was associated with the female gender, testing within three years of graduation, non-native English-speaking status, and attending a school located in a country with a system of accreditation. For the Caribbean population on Step 2 CK, females, those testing closer to graduation, and native English speakers outperformed their counterparts. After controlling for covariates, the odds of passing Step 2 CK for those from accredited schools were 1.3 times greater for the global group and 2.3 times greater for the Caribbean group as compared to individuals from nonaccredited schools. Accreditation was not associated with examination performance for the non-Caribbean group. For all three groups (global, Caribbean, and non-Caribbean), better performance on Step 2 CS was associated with the female gender, testing within three years of graduation, native English- speaking status, and attending a school located in a country with a system of accreditation. After controlling for covariates, the odds of passing Step 2 CS for those from accredited schools were 1.3 times greater for the global group, 2.4 times greater for the Caribbean group, and 1.1 times greater for the non-Caribbean group compared to individuals from nonaccredited schools. In phase two, the expert panel unanimously agreed on 14 essential standards that should be required by accrediting agencies to ensure the quality of physicians. Of the accreditation systems in 18 countries that were analyzed for inclusion of the criteria, four systems, used in 10 countries, were given a grade of A (included 80% or more of the essential standards), and eight systems, used in eight countries, were given a grade of B (included less than 80% of the essential standards). The IMGs attending medical schools accredited by a system that received a grade of A performed better on Step 1 and Step 2 CS as compared to IMGs attending medical schools that are accredited by a system receiving a grade of B. For Step 2 CK, the results were reversed. Certain essential standards were associated with better performance for all three examinations. Discussion The purpose of this study was to investigate the USMLE performance of graduates of international medical schools who voluntarily seek ECFMG certification based on variables related to the accreditation of their medical education programs. In this study, for the self-selected population who took examinations during the study period, accreditation was associated with better performance in specific regions and for some examinations. Of the three examinations, the existence of a system of accreditation had the strongest association with Step 1 performance for the global and Caribbean groups. Many accreditation criteria are directly related to aspects of the preclinical phase of education. The association between accreditation and Step 2 CS was positive for all three groups of students/graduates, although systems of accreditation may have less direct impact on student performance on clinical examinations as students' experiences in the clinical phase are likely more varied. Of the three groups, the existence of accreditation systems had the greatest associated with examination performance in the Caribbean, an important finding considering the large numbers of IMGs educated in this region seeking ECFMG certification and ultimately treating U.S. patients. The quality of accrediting agencies, as determined by the number of essential elements utilized in the systems, was positively associated with performance for Step 1 and Step 2 CS, but not Step 2 CK. The finding supporting the importance of a high-quality accreditation system on Step 2 CS performance is important due to the purpose of this examination in evaluating a physician's skills in a real world setting. This study lends some support to the value of accreditation. Due to the substantial resources needed to design and implement accreditation processes, these results provide some positive evidence beyond face validity, especially in the Caribbean region, that quality assurance oversight of educational programs is associated with the production of more highly skilled physicians, which in turn should improve the health care of patients in the United States and around the world.
Temple University--Theses

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Nghia, Pham Trong. « Incorporating the core international labour standards on freedom of association and collective bargaining into Vietnam's legal system ». Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4600.

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This Dissertation evaluates the potential opportunities, challenges and outcomes attendant on Vietnam’s modernisation effort through the incorporation of International Labour Organisation (ILO) Core International Labour Standards (CILS) on freedom of association and collective bargaining into Vietnam law. The Dissertation shows that although Vietnam is likely to benefit from incorporating the CILS on freedom of association and collective bargaining into its legal system, its constitutional value system is not currently consistent with those of particular ILO CILS. It offers recommendations on pre- substantive and procedural measures necessary to ensure the successful reception of ILO CILS on freedom of association and collective bargaining into Vietnam legal practice.

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Liouka, Ioanna. « Opportunity identification in MNC subsidiaries context and performance implications / ». Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/37/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2007.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Management, Faculty of Law, Business and Social Sciences, University of Glasgow, 2007. Includes bibliographical references.

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Monebhurrun, Nitish. « La fonction du développement dans le droit international des investissements ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010300.

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Ce travail, basé sur une étude normative du développement et non sur une étude économique du droit. démontre que le concept d développement Influence dans certains cas l'Interprétation et l'application du droit international des investissements. Le concept du développement est utilisé sous diverses acceptions: le développement économique, le niveau de développement des États et le développement sous sa forme durable. Sous ces formes, son influence s'observe à deux niveaux: celui de l'identification et celui de la protection des investissements Internationaux. Référence est faite à la contribution d'une activité au développement économique de son État d'accueil pour identifier un Investissement: le concept est, de même, parfois utilisé lorsqu'il s'agit de déterminer l'étendue de la protection due aux Investissements internationaux. Ici, c'est le niveau de développement et le développement durable qui sont utilisés pour évaluer la protection effectivement due aux investissements Internationaux. La protection est ici considérée dans un sens tata Sens : elle englobe aussi la protection financière. La thèse fait valoir que l'utilisation du concept est très contestable pour Identifier un Investissement, alors que son Influence est plus palpable au niveau de l'application des normes relatives à la protection des Investissements. Dans ce sens, la thèse explique que le concept produit des effets plus concrets sur le droit international des investissements lorsque son utilisation se fonde sur certains principes ou s'accompagne de certaines techniques juridiques. En filigranes le travail critique aussi l'approche adoptée par les juristes lors de l'étude du développement
This study, based on a normative study of development and not on an economic study of law, shows that the concept of development sometimes influences the interpretation and the enforcement of international investment law. The concept of development used in this study threefolds : it combines economic development, the level of development of States and sustainable development. Under these forms, its influences is perceive at two levels: that of the identification and of the protection of international investments. Indeed, the contribution of an activity to the economic development of the host State is used to identify an investment. The concept is also used when determining the scope of protection due to foreign investments. Here is the level of development and the concept of sustainable development which are used to assess the protection due to international investment. Protection is considered here in a broad sense: it also includes the financia1 protection of investments. The thesis argues that the use of the concept is highly questionable to identify an investment, while its influence is noteworthy in the enforcement of the investment protection principles. In this vein, the thesis explains that the concept produces more tangible effects on international investment law when its use is grounded on certain legal principles or techniques. In the work's background pattern lurks some critics of the method used by jurists in the study of development

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Williams, Clifton C. Jr. « A National Study of the Association of Christian School International Schools Head of School Leadership Characteristics ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97971.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the desired leadership characteristics of heads of schools as identified by school board chairs and heads of schools who are members of the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI). This study is modeled after a Virginia Tech dissertation study of Virginia public school systems by Dr. Michael Thornton in 2009. Data were gathered from the heads of school and the board chairpersons to determine the similarities and differences between the two groups. Quantitative methodology was used in this study. A national sample of school board chairmen and heads of school from K-12 schools with 500 students or more and who are members of the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI) were identified. Heads of school and school board chairpersons perceived visionary leader, team builder, effective school board relations and Christian school experience as essential leadership characteristics. Heads of school and school board chairpersons perceived that personal and professional integrity, honesty, and fairness and effective communication with board members, staff, parents, students, and the community is essential in head of school leadership. Heads of school and school board chairpersons believe that head of school-school board relations can have an impact on achieving and sustaining school-wide success.
Doctor of Education
The purpose of this study was to identify the desired leadership characteristics of heads of schools as identified by school board chairs and heads of schools who are members of the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI). This study is modeled after a Virginia Tech dissertation study of Virginia public school systems by Dr. Michael Thornton in 2009. Data was gathered from the heads of school and the board chairpersons to determine the similarities and differences between the two groups. The head of school position in a Christian school equates to the superintendent position in a public school division. Board chairpersons are in the position as the leader of the school board. Heads of school and school board chairpersons perceived visionary leader, team builder, effective school board relations and Christian school experience as essential leadership characteristics. Heads of school and school board chairpersons perceived that personal and professional integrity, honesty, and fairness and effective communication with board members, staff, parents, students, and the community is essential in head of school leadership. Heads of school and school board chairpersons believe that head of school-school board relations can have an impact on achieving and sustaining school-wide success. This research will be important to those who desire to become a head of school and for school boards to recognize the characteristics needed for the position of head of school. It may be useful for graduate school programs in the training of persons seeking to become a head of school.

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Schmidt, Daniel. « Exploring the intercultural partnerships of Agape Missionary Association International in reaching Rio de Janeiro's street children ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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McKoy, Shahera Diane. « The Impact of Multilateral Trade Association Membership on Agricultural and Food Trade ». Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29802.

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This thesis models trade flows between countries as a function of several variables, including those representing membership in multilateral trade agreements (MTAs). The objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of trade policies, trading costs, trade agreements and other demographic characteristics on exports of food and agriculture products. More specifically, the paper uses a gravity model augmented with three sets of dummy variables to estimate the impact of 13 trade arrangements on intra-bloc and extra-bloc trade. Results indicate that several MTAs enhance intra-bloc trading at the expense of non-members while others have been successful at increasing both intra-bloc trade and trade with the rest of the world. Findings further suggest that several arrangements had no significant effect on member trading and that a few have effectively reduced trade for members.

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Smith, John David. « Developing a model for prefield preparation and orientation of international missionaries for the BMA of America ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p056-0076.

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STOLZI, FRANCESCO. « Identification of Cosmic Nuclei with the CALET Electron Telescope on the International Space Station ». Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1013384.

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CALET (CALorimetric Electron Telescope) is a high energy astroparticle physics experiment designed for long-term observations of high-energy Cosmic Rays (CRs) on the International Space Station (ISS). The mission is funded by the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA), in collaboration with the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and NASA. CALET reached the ISS on August 24, 2015 and, at the time of writing, the instrument is operating in science data mode: a two year period of observations has started with a target of 5 years. The purpose of the experiment is to perform precise measurements of high energy cosmic rays, with an extensive physics program that includes the detection of possible nearby sources of high energy electrons; searches for signatures of dark matter in the spectra of electrons and γ rays; monitoring gamma-ray transients and solar modulation; long exposure observations of cosmic nuclei from proton to iron and trans-iron elements; measurements of the CR relative abundances and secondary-to-primary ratios. The telescope is an all-calorimetric instrument, with a total thickness of 30 radiation length (X 0 ) and 1.3 proton interaction length (λ I ), preceded by a particle identification system. The instrument is composed of three main subsystem: at the top a Charge Detector (CHD) identifies the individual chemical elements in the cosmic-ray flux, then a fine granulated pre-shower IMaging Calorimeter (IMC) is followed by a Total Absorption Calorimeter (TASC) measuring the energy released. The CHD is designed to provide incident particle charge measurement over a wide dynamic range, from Z = 1 to Z = 40 with sufficient charge resolution to resolve individual elements. The IMC can image the early shower profile and reconstruct the incident direction of cosmic rays with good angular resolution. The TASC measures the total energy of the incident particle and discriminates electrons and gamma-rays from hadrons. The main subject of the present thesis is the study of the performance of CALET in the identification of cosmic nuclei, by combining both IMC and CHD detectors. A clear identification of the incoming nuclei and the measurement of their energy is crucial both to measure absolute fluxes and the ratio of the fluxes of secondary-to-primary elements. From measurements of the energy dependence of the flux ratio it is possible to discriminate among different models of CR propagation in the galaxy. The first chapter of the thesis provides an introduction to cosmic-ray physics, cosmic-ray propagation and acceleration. In chapter 2 the CALET instrument is described in detail and the anticipated telescope performances and the experimental program are reported. Chapters 3 and 4 include the original work of this thesis. The third chapter is focused on two aspects of the energy calibration process: the first one related to the energy position dependence correction in CHD, the second one to the correction for the quenching effect in the CHD and IMC. The fourth chapter is focused on the identification of cosmic nuclei: charge tagging using both the IMC and the CHD and the performance in terms of the charge resolution of both detectors are described in view of an accurate determination of light element fluxes with CALET. Finally in chapter 5 an overview on the current status of the CALET mission is given.

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Henaien, Moncef, et Shalvi Sinha. « International conference site selection criteria : And a case study of Stockholm as an international conference city ». Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Turismvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-16162.

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The purpose of this thesis is to identify the destination site selection criteria for internationalconferences from the perspectives of the three main players of the conference industry,conference buyers (organizers and delegates) and suppliers. Additionally, the researchidentifies the strengths and weaknesses of the congress cities of Stockholm and Vienna.Through a comparison with Vienna, the top city for hosting international conferences, a roadmap for Stockholm has been designed, to strengthen its congress tourism opportunities, thus,obtaining a higher status as an international congress city. This qualitative research hascombined both primary and secondary data methods, through semi-standardized expertinterviews and secondary studies respectively, to fulfil the study’s aim. The data have beenanalysed by applying the techniques of qualitative content analysis; the secondary dataadopting an inductive approach according to Mayring (2003) while the expert interviewsusing a deductive approach according to Meuser & Nagel (2009). The conclusions of thesecondary data have been further compared and contrasted with the outcomes of the primarydata, to propose fresh discoveries, clarifications, and concepts related to the site selectioncriteria for international conferences, and for the congress tourism industry of Stockholm. Theresearch discusses the discoveries of the site selection criteria, the implications of thestrengths and weaknesses of Stockholm in comparison to Vienna, recommendations forStockholm via a road map, and future research areas in detail. The findings andrecommendation, not only provide specific steps and inceptions that Stockholm as aninternational conference city can apply, but also propose findings, which can aid conferencebuyers and suppliers to cooperate, to strengthen their marketing strategies and developsuccessful international conferences and destinations to help achieve a greater competitiveadvantage.

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Altmann, Craig Tyler. « Identification and Characterization of Damaging Road Events ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98844.

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In the field of vehicle durability, many individuals are focusing on methods for better replicating the durability a user will experience throughout the typical design lifespan of a vehicle (e.g., 100,000 miles). To estimate user durability a means of understand the types of damaging events and driving styles of uses must be understood. The difficulty with accurately estimating customer usage is, firstly, there is a large pool of possible roads for a user to drive along, for example, there are over 4 million miles of public roads in the United States, alone [1]. In addition, while measurements of these surfaces could be collected it would be impractical for two reasons, the first is the financial and extreme time burden this would take. Second, when collecting measurements of a road surface only the current state of a road surface can be measured, thus as a road deteriorates or is repaved the measurements collected would no longer be an accurate representation of the road. It should be mentioned that even, if all of the road surfaces were measured performing simulation and analysis of all of these road surfaces would be computationally intensive. Instead, it would be beneficial if select events that account for a significant portion of the damage a vehicle experiences can be identified. These damaging events could then be used in more complex vehicle simulation models and as input and validation of proving ground and laboratory durability testing. The objective of this research is to provide a means for improved estimation of vehicle durability, specifically a means for identifying, characterizing, and grouping unique separable damaging events from a road profile measurement. In order to achieve this objective a measure that can be used to identify separate damaging events from a road profile is developed. This measure is defined as Localized Pseudo Damage (LPD), which identifies the amount of damage each individual road excitation makes to the total accumulated damage for a single load path in a vehicle system. LPD is defined as a damage density to minimize the effect of measurement spacing on the resulting metric. The developed LPD measure is causal in that the value of LPD at a location is not affected by any future locations. In addition, for a singular event (e.g., impulse or step) in the absences of other excitations, the LPD value at the singular event location is equivalent to the total pseudo damage divided by the step size at the location. Once a measure of pseudo damage density is known at multiple locations along a road profile for multiple load paths of interest, then separable damaging events can be identified. To identify separable damaging events the activity of the vehicle system must be considered because separate damaging events can only occur when a region of inactivity is present across all load paths. Subsequently, an optimization problem is formed to determine the optimal active regions to maintain. The cost function associated with the optimization problem is defined to minimize the cost (number of locations maintained in damaging events) and maximize the benefit (the amount of pseudo damage maintained). Lastly, a statistical test is developed to assess if separate damaging events can be considered to be from the same general class of events based on their damage characteristics. The developed assessment methods establish the similarity between two more separable damaging events based on application specific user defined inputs. In the development, two example similarity metrics are defined. The first similarity metric is in terms of distance and the second is in terms of likelihood (probability). The developed statistical analysis uses the current state-of-the-art in clustering algorithms to allow for multiple damaging events to be identified and grouped together.
Doctor of Philosophy
In the automotive field determining the level of damage a typical production vehicle experiences over its lifetime has always been a desirable criterion to identify. This criterion is commonly referred to as customer usage. By understanding the typical customer usage of a vehicle over the lifetime of a vehicle, automotive engineers are able to improve the design of vehicle components. The issue with defining customer usage is that there are millions of miles of roads that a customer can travel on and millions of customers that all have unique driving characteristics. While it is possible to collect measurements of these road surfaces to use in further vehicle simulations, it is not feasible both from a financial and time perspective. In addition, the simulation and analysis of all road surfaces would be computationally intensive. However, if select damaging events (regions of the road surface that excessively contribute to accumulated damage) are identified, then they can be used in more complex vehicle durability analyses with lower computational efforts. In conventional damage analysis a total amount of accumulated damage is established for a known road surface. The issue with defining damage this way is that unique events which likely contributed a large amount of the accumulated damage cannot be identified. The first objective of this research is to define damage as a function of the vehicle's location along a road surface. Then, unique and separable damaging events can be identified and separated from sections of the road that do not significantly contribute to the accumulated damage. After defining this measure, an optimization problem is developed to identify damaging events based on maximizing the benefit (amount of damage accounted for in damaging events) and minimizing the cost (amount of road surface retained). Unique and separable damaging events are identified by solving this optimization problem. While the optimization problem identifies unique, separable damaging events, it is likely that some damaging events contain similar characteristics to each other. When performing additional durability analysis, it would be beneficial to form connections between similar damaging events to allow for analysis to be performed based on groups of events. To identify damaging events with similar characteristics, a statistical analysis is developed as the last contribution of this work. By combining this analysis with current state-of-the-art clustering algorithms and user provided definitions based on applications, similar damaging events are able to be grouped together.

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Xue, Fan, et 薛凡. « Identification of SNP markers on 1p36 and analysis of the association of EPB41 with mandibular prognathism ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45824514.

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Feeney, Susan Anne. « Identification of genetic risk factors for diabetic nephropathy employing case-control and family-based association studies ». Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322856.

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Slim, Lotfi. « Detection of epistasis in genome wide association studies with machine learning methods for therapeutic target identification ». Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02895919.

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En offrant une image sans précédent du génome humain, les études d'association pangénomiques (GWAS) expliqueraient pleinement le contexte génétique des maladies complexes. A ce jour, les résultats ont été pour le moins mitigés. Cela peut être partiellement attribué à la méthodologie statistique adoptée, qui ne prend pas souvent en compte l'interaction entre les variants génétiques, ou l'épistasie. La détection d'épistasie à travers des modèles statistiques présente plusieurs défis pour lesquels nous développons dans cette thèse une paire d'outils adéquats. Le premier outil, epiGWAS, utilise l'inférence causale pour détecter les interactions épistatiques entre un SNP cible et le reste du génome. Le deuxième outil, kernelPSI, utilise à la place des méthodes à noyaux pour modéliser l'épistasie entre plusieurs polymorphismes mononucléotidiques (SNPs) voisins. Il tire également partie de l'inférence post-sélection pour effectuer conjointement une sélection au niveau des SNPs et des tests de signification au niveau des gènes. Les outils développés sont - au meilleur de nos connaissances - les premiers à étendre au domains des GWAS des outils puissants d'apprentissage statistique tels que l'inférence causale et l'inférence post-sélection nonlinéaire. En plus des contributions méthodologiques, un accent particulier a été mis sur l'interprétation biologique pour valider nos résultats dans la sclérose en plaques et les variations d'indice de masse corporelle
By offering an unprecedented picture of the human genome, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been expected to fully explain the genetic background of complex diseases. So far, the results have been mitigated to say the least. This, among other things, can be partially attributed to the adopted statistical methodology, which does not often take into account interaction between genetic variants, or epistasis. The detection of epistasis through statistical models presents several challenges for which we develop in this thesis a pair of adequate tools. The first tool, epiGWAS, uses causal inference to detect epistatic interactions between a target SNP and the rest of the genome. The second tool, kernelPSI, instead uses kernel methods to model epistasis between nearby single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It also leverages post-selection inference to jointly perform SNP-level selection and gene-level significance testing. The developed tools are -- to the best of our knowledge -- the first to extend powerful statistical learning frameworks such as causal inference and nonlinear post-selection inference to GWAS. In addition to the methodological contributions, a special emphasis was placed on biological interpretation to validate our findings in multiple sclerosis and body-mass index variations

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Ripley, David L. « Developing an outreach to international students through a Billy Graham crusade ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Thèses sur le sujet « International Association for Identification »

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