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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « International aid worker »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "International aid worker"

Musa, Saif Ali, et Abdalla A. R. M. Hamid. « PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AMONG AID WORKERS OPERATING IN DARFUR ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 36, n^o 3 (1 janvier 2008) : 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.3.407.

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Aid workers operating in war zones are susceptible to mental health problems that could develop into stress and acute traumatic stress. This study examined the relationships between burnout, job satisfaction (compassion satisfaction), secondary traumatic stress (compassion fatigue), and distress in 53 Sudanese and international aid workers in Darfur (mean age = 31.6 years). Measures used were the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire (ProQOL; Stamm, 2005), the Relief Worker Burnout Questionnaire (Ehrenreich, 2001), and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Williams, 1991). Results showed that burnout was positively related to general distress and secondary traumatic stress, and negatively related to compassion satisfaction. Sudanese aid workers reported higher burnout and secondary traumatic stress than did international workers. Results are discussed in light of previous findings. It was concluded that certain conditions might increase aid workers' psychological suffering and relief organizations need to create positive work climates through equipping aid workers with adequate training, cultural orientation, and psychological support services.

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Hensch, Christoph. « Twenty years after Novye Atagi : A call to care for the carers ». International Review of the Red Cross 98, n^o 901 (avril 2016) : 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383116000588.

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AbstractWorking in the humanitarian sector as an aid worker has become a dangerous endeavour, with attacks against humanitarian workers becoming more common. In this personal story by a former head of office at an International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) surgical hospital, a short, violent encounter leads to a long journey of recovery. There is an important role for the community in supporting the healing process; the author suggests that an integral and collaborative involvement by organizations like the ICRC is effective in addressing the impact of violence directed towards humanitarian aid workers.

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van der Oije, P. J. C. Schimmelpenninck. « INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW FROM A FIELD PERSPECTIVE – CASE STUDY : NEPAL ». Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 9 (décembre 2006) : 394–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1389135906003941.

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AbstractWhat is it like to be working in the field with international humanitarian law during an armed conflict? In the article ‘International Humanitarian Law from a field perspective - case study: Nepal‘, the promotion of international humanitarian law is described through the eyes of a humanitarian aid worker. The author worked as a delegate for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) during the civil war in Nepal. International humanitarian law forms the legal basis of the ICRC's presence in Nepal, it's humanitarian activities and confidential interventions. Nepal and its conflict are introduced, as well as the warring parties and the Red Cross in Nepal. Various humanitarian activities and dilemma's are described. Through this article the YIHL seeks to link theory and practice, and focus on international humanitarian law from an operational perspective.

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Fechter, Anne-Meike. « Between privilege and poverty : The affordances of mobility among aid worker children ». Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 25, n^o 4 (27 octobre 2016) : 489–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0117196816674397.

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Contemporary research on children affected by migration in Southeast Asia has examined the impact of mobility on their life chances, choices and overall welfare. Extending this concern, this article seeks to address these questions in the context of privileged migration. Specifically, it asks how the mobility of children whose parents work for aid agencies in low-income countries shapes the way they understand and negotiate experiences of privilege, as well as their everyday encounters with poverty. Based on ethnographic research with young people and their families in Cambodia, the findings suggest that parents and children may envisage their international mobility as a chance for personal growth, specifically as manifest in the form of ‘open-mindedness.’ Such positive discourses are complicated, however, by a simultaneously engendered sense of superiority toward those who are less mobile. They are also intertwined with practices of ‘bracketing’ possible frictions arising from their interactions with children of local elite members. While the young people’s proximity to poverty provides opportunities for locally-based service-learning activities, connections with their parents’ work can remain abstract. The article therefore suggests that this form of international mobility may not, in itself, enable a critical engagement with poverty or with their own and others’ privilege.

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Morokuma, Nanami, et Cindy H. Chiu. « Trends and Characteristics of Security Incidents Involving Aid Workers in Health Care Settings : A 20-Year Review ». Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, n^o 03 (juin 2019) : 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19004333.

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AbstractIntroduction:In recent years, several high-profile attacks on hospitals providing medical aid in conflict settings have raised international concern. The International Humanitarian Law prohibits the deliberate targeting of health care settings. Violation of this law is considered a war crime and impacts both those delivering and receiving medical aid.Problem:While it has been demonstrated that both aid workers and health care settings are increasingly being targeted, little is known about the trends and characteristics of security incidents involving aid workers in health care compared to non-health care settings.Methods:Data from the publicly available Aid Worker Security Database (AWSD) containing security incidents involving humanitarian aid workers world-wide were used in this study. The security incidents occurring from January 1, 1997 through December 31, 2016 were classified by two independent reviewers as having occurred in health care and non-health care settings, and those in health care settings were further classified into five categories (hospital, health clinic, mobile clinic, ambulance, and vaccination visit) for the analysis. A stratified descriptive analysis, χ2 Goodness of Fit test, and Cochran-Armitage test for trend were used to examine and compare security incidents occurring in health care and non-health care settings.Results:Among the 2,139 security incidents involving 4,112 aid workers listed in the AWSD during the study period, 74 and 2,065 incidents were in health care settings and non-health care settings, respectively. There was a nine-fold increase from five to 45 incidents in health care settings (χ2 = 56.27; P < .001), and a five-fold increase from 159 to 852 incidents in non-health care settings (χ2 = 591.55; P < .001), from Period 1 (1997-2001) to Period 4 (2012-2016). Of the 74 incidents in health care settings, 23 (31.1%) occurred in ambulances, 15 (20.3%) in hospitals, 13 (17.6%) in health clinics, 13 (17.6%) during vaccination visits, and six (8.1%) in mobile clinics. Bombings were the most common means of attack in hospitals (N = 9; 60.0%), followed by gun attacks (N = 3; 20.0%). In health care settings, 184 (95.3%) were national staff and nine (4.7%) were international staff.Conclusion:Security threats are a growing occupational health hazard for aid workers, especially those working in health care settings. There is a need for high-quality data from the field to better monitor the rapidly changing security situation and improve counter-strategies so aid workers can serve those in need without having to sacrifice their lives.

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Ganji, Sarath K. « Leveraging the World Cup : Mega Sporting Events, Human Rights Risk, and Worker Welfare Reform in Qatar ». Journal on Migration and Human Security 4, n^o 4 (décembre 2016) : 221–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/233150241600400403.

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Qatar will realize its decades-long drive to host a mega sporting event when, in 2022, the opening ceremony of the Fέdέration Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup commences. By that time, the Qatari government will have invested at least $200 billion in real estate and development projects, employing anywhere between 500,000 and 1.5 million foreign workers to do so. The scale of these preparations is staggering — and not necessarily positive. Between 2010 and 2013, more than 1,200 labor migrants working in Qatar's construction sector died, with another 4,000 deaths projected by the start of the event. Foreign workers are subject to conditions of forced labor, human trafficking, and indefinite detention. Advocacy groups cite deplorable living and working conditions, coupled with lax legal protections for workers, as the main culprits. Absent significant improvements in worker welfare, Qatar's World Cup will be remembered as a human rights tragedy. This article examines whether it is possible for Qatar's World Cup to forge a different legacy, as an agent of change on behalf of worker welfare reform. In examining the issue, the article takes a two-fold approach. First, it locates the policy problem of worker welfare abuses in the context of the migration life cycle. The migration life cycle represents the range of activities that mediate the relationship between an individual migrant and the labor migration system — from the time the migrant first considers working overseas to his employment abroad to his eventual return to the home country. An understanding of worker welfare abuses in Qatar does not begin or end with reports of migrant deaths. A much broader pattern of abuse exists that, if ignored, will undermine effective policy responses. Second, the article frames worker welfare as a matter that lies at the intersection of business and human rights. Mega events are large-scale, internationally recognized activities that aim to promote regional development and to advance universal values and principles. They also represent an important collaboration between stakeholders across sectors. The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, therefore, offer a framework for understanding how worker welfare reform might be in the interests of governmental and corporate actors alike. Ultimately, this paper outlines four policy proposals that may be undertaken by countries of origin, nongovernmental organizations, international organizations, and Qatari employers: (1) the development of a list of labor-supply agencies committed to ethical recruitment practices; (2) the devising of low-interest, preferential loans for migrants considering employment in Qatar; (3) the establishment of a resource center to serve as a one-stop shop for migrant information and services; and (4) the creation of training programs to aid migrants upon their return home. These options are not meant to diminish the role of the Qatari government in reform efforts, and indeed, the state can — and should — take steps to improve worker welfare, including strengthening worker welfare standards, closing labor law loopholes, and bolstering law enforcement capacity. But these measures are not enough. Therefore, the above four policy proposals put forward a process-specific, rather than actor-specific, approach to reform aimed at capitalizing on the spotlight of the World Cup to bring about lasting, positive change in Qatar's migrant labor practices.

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Jenkins, J. Craig, Katherine Meyer, Matthew Costello et Hassan Aly. « International Rentierism in the Middle East Africa, 1971–2008 ». International Area Studies Review 14, n^o 3 (1 janvier 2011) : 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/223386591101400301.

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What is the trend in rentierism in the Middle East and North Africa? Defining a rentier state as one that extracts a significant share of its revenues from rents extracted from international transactions, we examine a range of such transactions that together constitute a third or more of the Middle East/North Africa economies. Outlining a rentierism index that is based on the share of GDP stemming from oil/mineral exports, foreign military and economic aid, worker remittances, and international tourism, we show that rentierism is growing and that 18 of the 22 Middle East/North Africa states depend for over a third of their GDP on these international transactions. Some depend on direct rents stemming from oil/mineral exports and foreign aid, while others rely increasingly on indirect rents from remittances and tourism. This split between direct and indirect rents has implications for the political stability of these states, because it creates states that are more or less able to maintain control in the face of popular resistance and insurgency.

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Mackintosh, Kate. « Reclaiming Protection as a Humanitarian Goal : Fodder for the Faint-Hearted Aid-Worker ». Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies 1, n^o 2 (2010) : 382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187815211x555362.

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AbstractHumanitarian action is under pressure on two fronts. On one side, western nations seek to use aid as a foreign policy tool, threatening the neutral image of humanitarian actors and placing them under suspicion. On the other, and in partial reaction to this, host states are re-asserting sovereignty and imposing new limits on humanitarian action in their territory. In many contexts, organisations are being limited by law or practice from addressing abuse of the populations they seek to assist. This is not a surprising reaction from states whose actions are scrutinised; but it is making inroads on the confidence of humanitarian actors themselves. Some are beginning to question not only the feasibility but also the appropriateness of the protection work they have taken on since the 1990s. The article seeks to reinforce the importance and legitimacy of humanitarian protection by showing that both assistance and protection are key goals of humanitarian action as defined by international law. It urges organisations to fight for the space the law has granted, in order to most effectively help the victims of armed conflict.

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Ahlquist, John S. « Making Decent Jobs ». Daedalus 152, n^o 1 (2023) : 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01967.

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Abstract On both normative and pragmatic grounds, I make a case for “decent jobs” over the current discourse around “good jobs.” I define decent jobs as ones that reflect sustained worker influence over the terms and conditions of work. Making decent jobs necessarily entails groups of workers capable of engaging strategically with firms and governments. Where will these groups come from? Changes in technology, the structure of production, and boundaries of the firm all point to profound difficulties in sustaining collective action centered on workplace relationships and identities. Networks of workers organized around mutual aid show some promise, but connecting these groups to concerted action on the shop floor implies numerous organizational and governance challenges.

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Hogan, Elena N. « Notes on the Aftermath : Gaza, Summer 2009 ». Journal of Palestine Studies 38, n^o 4 (2009) : 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2009.38.4.96.

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This personal account describes aspects of closure, siege, and daily life witnessed in the Gaza Strip from May to July 2009, with emphasis on the impact of the blockade in the wake of Operation Cast Lead. As an international worker made to grapple with increasingly complicated Israeli bureaucracy, but ““allowed”” access into Gaza for purposes of humanitarian aid, the author describes her impressions of the current Gazan situation as an instance of isolation whose plight is increasingly hidden from the gaze of the outside world.

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Thèses sur le sujet "International aid worker"

Jenc, Blomster Amanda. « The Western Savior : Making Aid the Enemy : What leads non-state armed groups to target international humanitarian aid workers ? » Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432035.

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GRITTI, ALICE. « Sequential MCA approach to aid worker's talk : the interactional negotiation of gender identity ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/75392.

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This study contributes to the literature on international aid workers, which is still in its infancy. It highlights an area of research that has not hitherto been studied: aid workers’ gendered identities. It had several aims; the broader was to gain insight into the professional category of international aid workers; others were to understand whether the international aid sector is undergoing a process of feminisation, to study if/how the professional experiences of women and men aid workers might differ, and to analyse the professional benefits and/or disadvantages that could arise from one’s gender identity. Data were collected through an online survey (188 respondents) and interviews (69 participants). Participants included women and men of different ages, working for a range of aid organizations (private, government run, UN agencies, INGOs, NGOs) in both development and emergency contexts. Data were analysed with a sequential Membership Categorisation Analysis (Stokoe, 2012), and revealed how aid workers female identity was used by the participants to account for problematic situations as well as for positive ones. Gender resulted to be more relevant for female aid workers than for their male colleagues, and a gender disparity in the number of stressors was confirmed, in line with the literature (Curling & Simmons, 2010). Findings also testify to managers of aid organisations the need to invest more in offering a psychosocial preventative and proactive approach, with the goals of prevention, training, support and mentoring.

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Mitchell, John "David" F. « NGO insecurity in high-risk conflict zones : the politicization of aid and its impact on “humanitarian space” ». Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34145.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Security Studies Interdepartmental Program
Emizet F. Kisangani
Attacks against nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in high-risk conflict zones have increased exponentially over the last two decades. However, the few existing empirical studies on NGO insecurity have tended to focus on external factors influencing attacks, with little attention paid to the actions of aid workers themselves. To fill this gap, this dissertation theorizes that aid workers may have contributed to their own insecurity by engaging in greater political action. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to assess the impact of political activity by NGOs on the insecurity of aid workers. The quantitative analyses test the theory at two levels. The first is a large-N country-level analysis of 117 nations from 1999 to 2015 using panel corrected standard errors. The second is a subnational-level statistical analysis of four case studies: Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, and Colombia from 2000 to 2014. Both the country- and provincial- level analyses show that the magnitude of aid tends to be a significant determinant of aid worker security. The qualitative methods of “structured-focused comparison” and “process tracing” are used to analyze the four cases. Results show that aid workers are most likely to be victims of politically-motivated attacks while in-transit. Consistent with the quantitative findings, it is speculated that if workers are engaged in a large-scale project over an extended period of time, attackers will be able to monitor their daily activities and routines closely, making it easier to orchestrate a successful ambush. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that political statements made by NGOs—regardless of their sectors of activity—have increased insecurity for the broader aid community. These results dispel the myth that humanitarian activity has historically been independent, impartial, and neutral. Several NGOs have relied on this false assumption for security, believing that adherence to core principles has contributed to “humanitarian space.” The results also dispel the popular NGO assumption that targeted attacks are not official tactics of organized militants, but rather the result of criminality or mistaken identity. In fact, the overwhelming majority of aid workers attacked in high-risk conflict zones have been targeted by political actors.

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Serning, Niklas. « International aid workers' experience of support : an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ». Thesis, Middlesex University, 2011. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/8134/.

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This dissertation explores the experience of support by international aid workers deploying to, being in and returning from complex emergencies. Seven participants were interviewed using semi structured interviews focusing on the experience of support, and the material was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis - IPA. Three superordinate themes were identified, the first highlighted the ease with which peer support (colleagues and friends around you, family back home et cetera) was often experienced, the second pertained to the difficulty with which formal support (in-organization counselling support, support from management et cetera) was often experienced, and finally the third superordinate theme detailed the experience of being on mission, where the strongest finding centred on difficulties in the returning home process. Existing literature on international aid workers' experience of support was utilised in order to shed light on the results, and existential migrant themes also proved useful in order to clarify the material. The clinical significance of the study included a recommendation for awareness building on the difficulty of coming home from missions, a focus on peer support and also ensuring that counsellors are familiar or have experience of the international aid workers' situation in the field. The choice of IPA as method was deemed a useful one. Its clear guidelines coupled with a solid methodological grounding informed both the quality of the interviews as well as the sensitivity and depth of the analysis. Further qualitative research on neighbouring areas and also quantitative research on this area was called for.

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Self, Jonathan. « Impacts of COVID-19 on the Relationships Between Local and International Humanitarian Actors : The Case of Lebanon and the 4 August 2020 Beirut Port Explosions ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445120.

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This thesis analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on relationships between international and local humanitarian actors responding to the 4 August 2020 Beirut Port Explosion. The concepts of “the local”, localization, inequality, and remote management provide a theoretical framework for this analysis. Data collection for this case study research includes a review of published and grey literature, and five video interviews with staff of local and international humanitarian organizations in Beirut. Empirical findings show that local-international inequalities—in the forms of limited access, recognition,and control—have been observed in Beirut and Lebanon for decades, and persisted during the port explosion response. This research further suggests that COVID-19 has contributed to an increase in inequality, most notably by reducing the participation of local actors in humanitarian coordination meetings, and disproportionately transferring risk from international to local actors due to a reliance on remote management. Findings also show that the port explosion caused an influx of funding that was disproportionately directed to international actors, and the economic crisis created a currency devaluation that has exacerbated local-international wage disparities and threatened to limit the reach of local NGO activities. Despite the strength of the civil society—shaped by a strong education system, decades of working through crisis, and government inaction—local actors have often been excluded from humanitarian practice in Beirut and Lebanon. At the same time, findings highlight increases in equality: some local actors adapted more quickly than international actors to COVID-19 and were able to leverage their strengths to receive more funding and greater leadership in the port explosion response. These movements demonstrate adaptability in humanitarian practice that would be critically required in any future reform. This thesis concludes with two recommendations: (1) the use of remote management due to COVID-19 is likely problematic and requires further research to identify best practices; and (2) critical localization provides a useful framework to analyze and mitigate the persistence of local-international inequalities infuture humanitarian responses, and helps to find a meaningful way forward.

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Ogwude, Emmanuel C. « Twelve Years Later : Afghan Humanitarian Aid Workers on War on Terror ». NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/24.

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Using narrative research study founded in social constructionism, I explored the lived experiences of thirty Afghan humanitarian aid workers in Kabul, Afghanistan, to discover how they experienced the war on terror. Ten participants were individually interviewed and their stories, personal experiences, perceptions, and voices have been presented in this study. I also facilitated a focus group of twenty Afghan NGO directors, and their views are echoed in the study. The participants represented a diversity of different humanitarian service specialties that cater to Afghan individuals, communities, and government agencies in areas such as education, human rights and good governance, food and shelter, to building bridges and infrastructural development. Based on a critical review of existing literature, the interviews addressed significant issues that affect humanitarian aid workers in complex political emergencies. I investigated the sociocultural contexts and structural conditions that enable and inform the personal narratives. There were six main themes that emerged from the participants’ narratives and each main theme had an average of three sub-themes. The resulting themes were: Security/Insecurity; Funding; Trust; Abandonment; Achievement; and Interventionism. From the analysis of the storied narratives of thirty Afghan humanitarian aid workers in Kabul, Afghanistan, this study was able to create better understanding of how conditions from the war on terror create high-risk environments that expose humanitarian aid workers to kidnappings and violent attacks.

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Nelson, Eisha Amanda. « Changes and solutions to improve humanitarian aid ». Thesis, Webster University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1526651.

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The 1990s saw a rise in the participation of NGOs answering the demands of affected populations caught in between armed conflicts, bouts of natural disasters and diseases. Though their intentions were good, it was from this point onwards NGOs have gained their notoriety, despite the work they do to address the needs of man. With a consistent rise of the number of actively participating NGOs, these humanitarian actors have since gone under scrutiny by the general population, which range from ineffective operations, scandals surrounding aid money, ethics within humanitarianism as well as many aid organizations that still remain independent from each other.

This paper will seek to answer how to improve the role of humanitarian aid in emergency situations, and address its issues and shortcomings. This will be done by analyzing the different criticisms faced by these humanitarian actors, as well as analyzing the different solutions that have since been proposed in order to answer these criticisms and find a new way for these organizations to operate and define themselves. Finally, these analyses will be evaluated and compared among one another.

Interviews have been held with aid workers and members of humanitarian organizations, in order to get a more intimate perspective of the inside workings of an NGO. Recent literature, studies and findings have also been utilized in order to get a clearer picture of the current state of humanitarian aid, notably from writers such as Thomas Weiss, Hugo Slim, David Rieff and Linda Polman.

Humanitarian aid cannot be cured with a simple solution; instead, it is an ongoing, gradual process that requires cooperation from governments and organizations in order to move forward. The non-protit sector can stand to learn a lot from the for-profit sector, especially in terms of professionalism and collaborating amongst one another. This change will not come easily, but humanitarian aid also cannot remain stagnant if they hope to reach out to populations in need with quality aid.

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Ségalini, Céline. « Les professionnels de l'aide sénégalais : de la précarité au travail à la fragile légitimation de l'écologie dominante ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0404.

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Le Sénégal fait souvent figure d'exception, au point d'être régulièrement salué pour sa stabilité sociopolitiquepar la communauté internationale désemparée devant les troubles qui agitent le continent africain.Cette image d'Épinal est pourtant loin de rendre compte des difficultés qui touchent la population de ce pays.Derrière le visage d'un pays stable se cache en fin de compte une tout autre réalité qui rappelle combien lepoids de la précarité professionnelle occupe une place singulière dans la vie des Sénégalais, y compris deceux qui participent à l'élaboration de l'action publique branchée au système d'aide. Telle est l'impressionpesante qui se glisse dans les discours des professionnels de l'aide sénégalais impliqués dans un projet degestion intégrée du littoral encouragé par la Banque mondiale dans les années 2000. L'étude de la mise enoeuvre de ce projet fournit un cas d'école qui permet de saisir l'incidence que peut avoir la précaritéprofessionnelle de ces personnes sur le fonctionnement de l'aide-projet qui représente encore aujourd'hui laforme d'aide dominante dans le pays. Plus spécifiquement, elle aide à comprendre pourquoi les normes degestion du littoral colportées dans le cadre de ce projet – qui ne sont d'ailleurs que le reflet de l'écologiedominante – sont mobilisées par ces développeurs sénégalais à travers des discours légitimateurs le plussouvent déconnectés du sens même de ces normes. Tout se passe comme si la professionnalisation heurtéede ces personnes les conduisait à prêter plus attention aux moyens du projet qu'à ses objectifs, et de cettemanière à améliorer leurs conditions de travail et plus largement leur situation socio-économique
Senegal is often looked on as an exception, to the point of being regularly hailed for its socio-politicalstability by an international community quite helpless in front of the troubles of African continent. Yet thistraditional view is far from accounting for the difficulties of the population. In fact the image of a stablecountry conceals an altogether different reality which reminds one of how precarity, and more particularlywork precarity, plays an important part in the lives of the Senegalese, including those who take part in thedevelopment of the public action financed by aid agencies. Such is the impression felt in the speeches ofSenegalese aid workers involved in a project of coastal zone management promoted by the World Bank inthe 2000s. To study the working out of this project provides an example which helps to understand theconsequences their precarity at work can have on the working of the aid-project – today the main form of aidin this country. More specifically it helps to understand how the standards of coastal zone managementpromoted by the World Bank agents are interpreted by these Senegalese people, and why they are justapprehended in speeches often disconnected from the very purpose of these standards. It seems that theirwork precarity has led them to pay more attention to the means of the project rather than to its ends, seekingthereby to improve their own work conditions and so their socio-economic situation

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Cross, Paul. « Determinants of health in horticultural workers : a comparison of national and international supply chains ». Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/determinants-of-health-in-horticultural-workers-a-comparison-of-national-and-international-supply-chains(2fd6a825-04fc-42ba-85b8-a4dd217ef813).html.

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Food miles are often the sole criteria by which agricultural sustainability is assessed. Social justice is an alternative measure. Social justice is comprised of a number of component parts of which health is but one. Little appears to be known of the health status of farm workers. This study describes the selfreported health status of farm workers in four countries employed in producing fresh vegetables for UK supermarkets. The study had five objectives: i. To assess the health and well being of farm workers in UK vegetable production. ii. To compare the health of UK farm workers with farm workers from other countries supplying similar products to the UK market. iii. To explore the potential impact of pesticides on farm worker health, both at the policy and farm level. iv. To identify major causes of poor health (where it occurs) and identify its determinants. v. Consider the ethical implications of supplying to the UK horticulture market from production in developing countries. Over 2500 completed questionnaires were collected from farmers and farm workers in the UK, Spain, Kenya, and Uggnda between 2006 and 2007. Pesticide data was collected from a number of farms in the UK, Kenya and Uganda but not from Spain. Workers employed on Kenyan export farms scored significantly higher than both the population norm and workers from the three other participating countries. There was no relationship between the self-reported health of a worker and the environmental impact rating of pesticides used on a given farm. The farm worker health scores have important implications for policy makers as ethical purchasing decisions will need to offset the food miles of a given vegetable by the social benefits such as health that devolve from purchasing vegetables from developing countries. Ethical purchasing decisions might be shaped in the future by the concept of buying from wherever improves the health status of producers rather than wherever is nearest.

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Marshall, Phillip D. « Breaking the silence the development and implementation by SIM International of a strategy to address the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Africa / ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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Livres sur le sujet "International aid worker"

Office, International Labour, dir. International labour standards : A workers' education manual. 4^e éd. Geneva : International Labour Office, 1998.

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Ethics for international medicine : A practical guide for aid workers in developing countries. Hanover, N.H : Dartmouth College Press, 2012.

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The humanitarian companion : A guide for international aid, development, and human rights workers. Rugby, Warwickshire, UK : ITDG Pub., 2005.

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Do no harm : How aid can support peace--or war. Boulder, Colo : Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1999.

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1946-, Connell John, dir. The international migration of health workers. New York : Routledge, 2008.

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Office, International Labour, dir. International labour standards : A workers' education manual. 3^e éd. Geneva : International Labour Office, 1990.

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P, Sauvant Karl, Lohrmann Reinhard, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Division on Transnational Corporations and Investment., United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Division on Science and Technology. et International Organization for Migration. Division of Research and Forum Activities., dir. Foreign direct investment, trade, aid, and migration. Geneva : United Nations, 1996.

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United Nations Association of the United States of America. National Capital Area Task Force on Worker Rights in the Global Economy. International worker rights : A human face for the global economy. Washington, D.C : United Nations Association of the National Capital Area, 1999.

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Solidarity is more than a slogan : International workers aid during and after the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Brussels : Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung, Brussels Office, 2021.

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Sacred aid : Faith and humanitarianism. New York : Oxford University Press, 2012.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "International aid worker"

Thompson, Kate S., Mark Snelling et Lynn Keane. « Supporting international contractors working in aid and development contexts ». Dans Psychological Support for Workers on the Move, 144–59. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003261971-10.

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Lavan, Daniel, et Richard Maclure. « The Fluctuations of Child Worker Support : A Study of Female Domestic Workers in Senegal ». Dans Children's Rights and International Development, 241–67. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230119253_12.

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Steiner, Niklaus. « Guest workers ». Dans International Migration and Citizenship Today, 66–77. 2^e éd. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003219804-7.

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Coffey, Peter. « Welfare and Worker Representation ». Dans International Studies in Economics and Econometrics, 179–87. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1257-4_12.

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Yoong, P., G. Vreede, J. Gricar et L. Jessup. « The international office worker of the future ». Dans Information Systems and Technology in the International Office of the Future, 365–66. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35085-1_33.

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Fletcher, Wendell. « Worker Training : Competing in the New International Economy ». Dans Research and Development in Work and Technology, 45–49. Heidelberg : Physica-Verlag HD, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85278-7_7.

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Ostrowski, Marius S. « The Value of the Workers’ International ». Dans Eduard Bernstein on Social Democracy and International Politics, 109–16. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70781-5_7.

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Buchan, James. « Health Worker Migration in Context ». Dans The Palgrave International Handbook of Healthcare Policy and Governance, 341–55. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137384935_21.

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Ings, Welby. « Lexicon of the male sex worker ». Dans International Handbook of Modern Lexis and Lexicography, 1–11. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45369-4_31-1.

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Nakahara, Yumiko. « Background of the Foreign Worker Introduction ». Dans International Labor Mobility to and from Taiwan, 21–37. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6047-2_3.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "International aid worker"

Papoutsakis, Konstantinos, Manolis Lourakis et Maria Pateraki. « Automatic assessment of posture deviations in assembly tasks ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002145.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the development and the evaluation of a computer vision-based framework to aid the automatic assessment of posture deviations in assembly tasks in realistic work environments. A posture deviation refers to a time-varying working posture performed by the worker, that deviates from ergonomically safe body postures expected in the context of particular work tasks and is known to impose increased physical strain. The estimation of their occurrences can serve as indicators, known as risk factors, for the assessment of physical ergonomics towards the prevention of physical strain and in the-long-term of work-related musculo-skeletal disorders (WMSD). Using visual information acquired by camera sensors, our goal is to estimate the full body motion of a line worker in 3D space, unobtrusively, and to perform classification of four types of posture deviations, also noted as ergonomically sub-optimal working postures that were employed by the MURI risk analysis tool. We formulate a learning-based action classification task using Deep Graph-based Neural Networks and differential temporal alignment cost as a classification measure to estimate the type and risk level of the observed posture deviation during work activities. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed approach, a new video dataset was captured in the context of the sustAGE project, that demonstrate two different workers during car door assembly actions in a simulated production line in an actual workplace. Rich annotation data were provided by experts in manufacturing and ergonomics. Both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the proposed framework provide evidence for its efficiency and reliability in supporting ergonomic risk assessment and preventive actions for WMSD in real working environments.

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Liao, Yun-Ting, Kenji Kodama, Toshifumi Ishioka, Hee-Hyol Lee et Eiichiro Tanaka. « Development and Evaluation of a Worker-Wear Assistance Suit with the Adjustable and Concealable Elastic Structure for the Manual Handling Workers ». Dans 2018 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aim.2018.8452380.

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Strenger, Natascha, et Nilgün Ulbrich. « Internationalization @ home in Engineering Education : Enhancing Social Capital in English-taught Master´s Programmes ». Dans Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9391.

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German higher education institutions attract students from all over the word for degree mobility, especially after the Bologna reform has led to an increase in internationally-oriented, English-taught study programmes. With such programmes, universities serve the politically intended purpose of attracting highly qualified talent in the form of international graduates that might potentially stay for the German job market. But for the transition from studies to the work market to be successful, it is essential for international students to acquire social capital in the form of contacts to people from the host country. This paper firstly presents results of a study on the situation of students who come to study in international engineering programmes at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum in Germany, focusing on the unsatisfactory contact situation of international and German students revealed in the study. Secondly, measures of the project ELLI2 – Excellent Teaching and Learning in Engineering Sciences – are introduced that aim at improving this situation, fascilitating contact between German and international engineering students. The set-up of a tandem-programme is presented, as well as participation structure and evaluation results of the first two runs of this programm in 2017/18. In addition, an international student council network will be introduced.

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Gernand, Jeremy M., et Elizabeth A. Casman. « Selecting Nanoparticle Properties to Mitigate Risks to Workers and the Public : A Machine Learning Modeling Framework to Compare Pulmonary Toxicity Risks of Nanomaterials ». Dans ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62687.

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Due to their size and unique chemical properties, nanomaterials have the potential to interact with living organisms in novel ways, leading to a spectrum of negative consequences. Though a relatively new materials science, already nanomaterial variants in the process of becoming too numerous to be screened for toxicity individually by traditional and expensive animal testing. As with conventional pollutants, the resulting backlog of untested new materials means that interim industry and regulatory risk management measures may be mismatched to the actual risk. The ability to minimize toxicity risk from a nanomaterial during the product or system design phase would simplify the risk assessment process and contribute to increased worker and consumer safety. Some attempts to address this problem have been made, primarily analyzing data from in vitro experiments, which are of limited predictive value for the effects on whole organisms. The existing data on the toxicity of inhaled nanomaterials in animal models is sparse in comparison to the number of potential factors that may contribute to or aggravate nanomaterial toxicity, limiting the power of conventional statistical analysis to detect property/toxicity relationships. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that exhaustive chemical and physical characterization of all nanomaterial attributes in these studies is rare, due to resource or equipment constraints and dissimilar investigator priorities. This paper presents risk assessment models developed through a meta-analysis of in vivo nanomaterial rodent-inhalational toxicity studies. We apply machine learning techniques including regression trees and the related ensemble method, random forests in order to determine the relative contribution of different physical and chemical attributes on observed toxicity. These methods permit the use of data records with missing information without substituting presumed values and can reveal complex data relationships even in nonlinear contexts or conditional situations. Based on this analysis, we present a predictive risk model for the severity of inhaled nanomaterial toxicity based on a given set of nanomaterial attributes. This model reveals the anticipated change in the expected toxic response to choices of nanomaterial design (such as physical dimensions or chemical makeup). This methodology is intended to aid nanomaterial designers in identifying nanomaterial attributes that contribute to toxicity, giving them the opportunity to substitute safer variants while continuing to meet functional objectives. Findings from this analysis indicate that carbon nanotube (CNT) impurities explain at most 30% of the variance pulmonary toxicity as measured by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) count. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle size and aggregation affected the observed toxic response by less than ±10%. Difference in observed effects for a group of metal oxide nanoparticle associated with differences in Gibbs Free Energy on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations amount to only 4% to the total variance. Other chemical descriptors of metal oxides were unimportant.

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Li, Zhou, Yijiang Liu, Xiaoya Wang et Hao Zhang. « Disputes between Multinational Enterprises and Workers in International Settings ». Dans 2022 2nd International Conference on Enterprise Management and Economic Development (ICEMED 2022). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220603.059.

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Misutarno, Misutarno, Nursalam Nursalam et Tintin Sukartini. « Analysis of Psychology, Social, and Immunity in HIV/AIDS Patients Who Had Been Worked as Migrant Indonesia Worker in East Java ». Dans 8th International Nursing Conference on Education, Practice and Research Development in Nursing (INC 2017). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/inc-17.2017.51.

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Simeon, James C., Hugo Washington Cahueñas Muñoz, Itzel Barrera De Diego et Vania Ramírez Camacho. « Globally Networking Learning (GNL) on Refugees and Forced Migration Through Innovative Collaborative Pedagogy in Mexico, Ecuador, and Canada ». Dans Sustainable on the Go : Sustainable and Inclusive Internationalization Virtual Conference. York University Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/38628_01.

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This Globally Networking Learning (GNL) experience was brought together in August 2020 per the initiative of the York International’s GNL Initiative at York University and involved York University (Canada), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (Ecuador) and Tecnológico de Monterrey (Mexico). The courses of the three institutions were very different but did share the main axis of talking about diverse international people having to adapt to an unknown international context. This GNL course came together several months after the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic “lockdown” of higher educational institutions across the globe. Students enjoyed the opportunity to work with students from other countries and cultures on the subject matter cited above, that is international by its very nature.

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Uhnakova, Dominika. « REFLECTION OF ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKER AS ADVOCATE BY SLOVAK SOCIAL WORKERS ». Dans 4th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/33/s12.077.

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« <i>Rural-Urban Contextual Data Triangulation Proposal for International Engineering Project Work</i> ; ». Dans 2020 ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, July 13-15, 2020. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202001220.

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Novrizal et Maddaremmeng Panennungi. « The Effect of International Trade on Workers’ Bargaining Power in Indonesia ». Dans Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR 2018). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icbmr-18.2019.2.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "International aid worker"

Grossman, Gene. Heterogeneous Workers and International Trade. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, février 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18788.

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Keller, Wolfgang, et Hâle Utar. International Trade and Job Polarization : Evidence at the Worker-Level. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, juin 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22315.

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Ohnsorge, Franziska, et Daniel Trefler. Sorting It Out : International Trade and Protection With Heterogeneous Workers. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, décembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10959.

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McAusland, Carol, et Peter Kuhn. Bidding for Brains : Intellectual Property Rights and the International Migration of Knowledge Workers. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, novembre 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15486.

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Xun, Z. Geological work in China and its international cooperation. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193522.

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Abdulrahim, Sawsan, Zeinab Cherri, May Adra et Fahed Hassan. Beyond Kafala : Employer roles in growing vulnerabilities of women migrant domestic workers. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/ceb7.

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Women migrant domestic workers (WMDWs) constitute 7.7 percent of migrant workers worldwide, of whom more than a quarter live and work in the Arab region. In Lebanon, as in other Arab countries, WMDWs are recruited through the sponsorship system, Kafala. Under this system, a potential migrant worker can only obtain legal residency and a work permit in the country of destination if she is sponsored by a specific employer. Once in the destination country, the worker cannot transfer to a new employer unless granted permission by the original sponsor. The system heightens the social, economic, and legal vulnerability of WMDWs and has been described as unfree or bound labor and a system of racialized servitude. Yet, Kafala is not a written policy but rather a collection of administrative procedures, customary practices, and socially acceptable norms that are maintained by various players throughout the migration process. The question then arises as to whether advocacy efforts that focus on abolishing Kafala as a legal term would mitigate employers’ exploitative practices that violate the workers’ rights and freedoms, particularly in a country like Lebanon. This policy brief is based on a study carried out under the International Labour Organization’s (ILO) Work in Freedom project designed to mitigate the exploitation and forced labor of women migrating from South to West Asia to work in the domestic and garment sectors. This brief explores knowledge, awareness and attitudes to Kafala by employers in Lebanon.

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Johra, Hicham. Datasets on the work habits of international building researchers. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau507456682.

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The aim of this technical report is to provide and describe the datasets collected for the study of work habits in the international building research community. The analysis of this data is presented in a conference paper.

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Ravindranath, Divya, Antara Rai Chowdhury, Aditi Surie et Gautam Bhan. Effects of Social Protection for Women in Informal Work on Maternal and Child Health Outcomes : A Systematic Literature Review. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/espwiwmcho01.2021.

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The International Labour Organization estimates that, globally, approximately two billion people are employed in the informal economy. Of this, 740 million are female workers [1]. In Asia and Africa, a large proportion of non-agricultural female workforce is employed in the informal economy in urban areas. Women workers are concentrated in sectors such as domestic work, street vending, waste picking and home-based work [2,3].

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Vigneri, Marcella. Timely evaluation in international development. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), mars 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/cmwp7.

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A central issue in impact evaluation is supporting quick data collection and analyses while an intervention is being rolled out to assist urgent decision-making or update knowledge of what works. This paper reviews approaches to timely evaluation that balance speed with rigour of analysis and are often combined with more standard evaluation methods. We review approaches to timely evaluation from different traditions and combine them in a conceptual framework that describes their goals, speed, and how they address complexity. Each method is paired with a case study to illustrate its value for international development evaluation research.

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Klein, Michael. Work and Play : International Evidence of Gender Equality in Employment and Sports. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, juillet 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9081.

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