Thèses sur le sujet « Interface situation »
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Marcellin, Louis. « Les membranes foetales humaines : une interface materno-foetale en situation physiologique et physiopathologique ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB159/document.
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Hsu, Hsiao-Ting M. « Design of a tablet sized human-computer interface and its effect on situation awareness ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/84679/1/Hsiao-Ting_Hsu_Thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Emergency Response Teams increasingly use interactive technology to help manage information and communications. The challenge is to maintain a high situation awareness for different interactive devices sizes. This research specifically compared a handheld interactive device in the form of an iPad with a large interactive multi-touch tabletop. A search and rescue inspired simulator was designed to test operator situation awareness for the two sized devices. The results show that operators had better situation awareness on the tabletop device when the operation related to detecting of moving targets, searching target locations, distinguishing target types, and comprehending displayed information.
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Findler, Michael James. « Cognitively Sensitive User Interface for Command and Control Applications ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1310525314.
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Bressolette, Benjamin. « Manipulations gestuelles d'un objet virtuel sonifié pour le contrôle d'une interface en situation de conduite ». Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDM0009/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les constructeurs automobiles proposent un vaste éventail de fonctions secondaires à la conduite, en relation avec le GPS, la musique, ou encore la ventilation. L'ensemble de ces fonctions est centralisé sur un écran accessible au centre de l'habitacle, équipé d'une dalle tactile dans nombre de véhicules récents. Cependant, leur manipulation en conduite peut se révéler périlleuse : la sollicitation de la modalité visuelle pour interagir avec l'interface peut entraîner une baisse de vigilance vis-à-vis de la tâche de conduite, ce qui peut mener à des situations dangereuses. Au cours de cette thèse, fruit d'une collaboration entre le Groupe PSA et le laboratoire PRISM, nous nous sommes attachés à proposer une association de gestes et de sons comme alternative à une sollicitation visuelle. Le but est de proposer des interactions réalisables en aveugle, pour permettre au conducteur de focaliser ses yeux sur la route. Pour réaliser conjointement une manipulation de l'interface et une tâche de conduite, une sollicitation multisensorielle peut en effet permettre de faire baisser la charge mentale du conducteur, en comparaison à une situation unimodale visuelle. Pour que le lien entre les gestes et les sons paraisse naturel, un objet virtuel a été introduit, manipulable grâce à des gestes. Cet objet est le support des stratégies de sonification, par analogie aux sons de notre environnement, qui sont la conséquence d'une action sur un objet. L'objet virtuel permet également de structurer différents gestes autour d'une même métaphore, ou encore de redéfinir le menu d'une interface. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à la mise au point de stratégies de sonification pour transmettre des informations pertinentes sur la dynamique de l'objet virtuel. Deux expériences perceptives ont été mises en place, qui ont conduit à la discrimination de deux stratégies de sonification intéressantes. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons œuvré à la mise en situation automobile par un travail sur les stimuli sonores, sur l'interface, et par l'étude de l'intégration multisensorielle. Un design des stratégies de sonification a été proposé pour permettre de se projeter dans une utilisation en véhicule. Par la suite, les évocations provoquées par le couplage des gestes et des sons ont été au centre d'une troisième expérience perceptive. Cette étude a été effectuée en aveugle, où le concept d'objet virtuel était inconnu et découvert progressivement par les sujets. Ces images mentales véhiculées par les stratégies de sonification peuvent en effet être utiles lors de la familiarisation des utilisateurs avec l'interface. Une quatrième expérience perceptive s'est concentrée sur la prise en main de l'objet virtuel, où l'intégration des stimuli visuels et auditifs a été étudiée, dans le contexte du maniement d'une interface. Les sujets ont été placés dans des conditions similaires à la découverte de l'interface en véhicule à l'arrêt, avec des stimuli audio-visuels ; puis à son utilisation en aveugle grâce aux stratégies de sonification. Les enseignements de ces expériences ont permis de bâtir une interface gestuelle, qui a été comparée à une interface tactile dans une dernière expérience perceptive réalisée en simulateur de conduite. Bien que les résultats montrent une utilisation plus performante de l'interface tactile, l'association des gestes et des sons semble intéressante du point de vue de la charge cognitive des conducteurs. L'interface gestuelle peut donc offrir une alternative prometteuse ou un complément aux interfaces tactiles pour une utilisation simultanée à la conduite en toute sécuritéCar manufacturers offer a wide range of secondary driving controls, such as GPS, music, or ventilation, often localized on a central touch-sensitive screen. However, operating them while driving proves to be unsafe: engaging the sense of sight for interface interaction can lead to vigilance reduction towards the driving task, which can lead to high-risk situations. In this PhD thesis, which is a part of a collaborative research project involving both the PSA Group and the PRISM laboratory, we aim to provide a gesture and sound association as an alternative to the visual solicitation. The goal is to enable blind interface interactions, allowing the driver to focus their eyes on the road. When jointly performing interface manipulations and the driving task, a multisensory solicitation can lower the driver's cognitive load, in comparison with a visual unimodal situation. For the gesture-sound association to feel more natural, a virtual object that can be handled with gestures is introduced. This object is the support for sonification strategies, constructed by analogy with sounds from our environment, which are the consequence of an action on an object .The virtual object also allows to structure different gestures around the same metaphor, or to redefine the interface's menu. The first part of this thesis deals with the development of sonification strategies, with the aim to inform users about the virtual object dynamic. Two perceptual experiments were set up, which led to the discrimination of two valuable sonification strategies. In a second part, the automotive application was addressed by designing new sound stimuli, the interface, and by studying the multisensory integration. Sounds were proposed for each of the two sonification strategies, to progress towards an in-vehicle integration. The evocations brought by the gestures and sounds association were the subject of a third perceptive blinded experiment. The concepts around the virtual object were unknown and gradually discovered by the subjects. These mental images conveyed by the sonification strategies can help users familiarize with the interface. A fourth perceptual experiment focused on the virtual object handling for first-time users, where the integration of audio-visual stimuli was studied, in the context of an interface manipulation. The experiment conditions were similar to the driver first discovering of the interface in a parked vehicle thanks to audio-visual stimuli, and then operating it through sonification strategies only. The results of this experiment lead to the design of a gestural interface, which was compared with the results obtained with a touchscreen interface in a final perceptual experiment, carried out in a driving simulator. Although the results show better performances for the tactile interface, the combination of gestures and sounds proved to be effective from the cognitive load point of view. The gesture interface can therefore offer a promising alternative or complement to tactile interfaces for a safe simultaneous use in driving condition
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Atherton, John A. « Supporting Remote Manipulation : An Ecological Approach ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1895.
Texte intégralRésumé :
User interfaces for remote robotic manipulation widely lack sufficient support for situation awareness and, consequently, can induce high mental workload. With poor situation awareness, operators may fail to notice task-relevant features in the environment often leading the robot to collide with the environment. With high workload, operators may not perform well over long periods of time and may feel stressed. We present an ecological visualization that improves operator situation awareness. Our user study shows that operators using the ecological interface collided with the environment on average half as many times compared with a typical interface, even with a poorly calibrated 3D sensor; however, users performed more quickly with the typical interface. The primary benefit of the user study is identifying several changes to the design of the user interface; preliminary results indicate that these changes improve the usability of the manipulator.
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Oliveira, Állan César Moreira de. « Model-based design of user interfaces to support situation awareness in maintenance ». Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8686.
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Situation Awareness (SAW) is a cognitive process defined as the perception of elements and events within a time frame, the understanding of their situation and the projection of their status. SAW is a prerequisite for decision-making in dynamic and complex systems and errors in SAW are an acknowledged source of human errors and accidents. Its study is pivotal in many industries, such as aviation, military, oil, gas and rails, and it is being increasingly considered for maintenance, since this activity is deemed critical for every industry. New technologies to support maintenance, such as E-Maintenance, will provide easier access to the desired information to technicians, but the way new technologies lead to improved SAW is influenced by how information is presented in the User Interface (UI), and many UIs for maintenance technicians support their decision-making regarding procedural and technical criteria, but not economical, legal, ethical and political. Therefore, they only allow a partial development of the user SAW, but not the complete comprehension and projection of a situation. These UIs ignore information requirements such as: risks and conditions of the environment; automations; actions and decisions of team members; rules, regulations and policies of enterprises. Therefore, the design and development of UIs to improve SAW in maintenance is compromised by the few solutions in the state of the art for SAW supportive UI design, for model-based design process and for frameworks and reference architectures. Cognizant to this gap, this thesis proposes a solution for the design and development of Situation Awareness support User Interfaces (SASUI) for maintenance work. For that three contributions are proposed: a conceptual framework of Situation Awareness Aspects (FSA) that assists developers in structuring heterogeneous sources of data into a knowledge representation model, to obtain a state oriented view of SAW; a multiagent architecture that instantiates and controls UIs to improve their support of SAW, by using a blend of SAW and UI agents to express the situation (and its projection) of real world entities in the UI; a methodology to create Model-based SAW User Interfaces (MBSAW-UI), in which designers model agents that will assist users in acquiring the SAW necessary for their decision-making process. These contributions follow a Cognitive Engineering approach to guide software developers in the UI design process and also empower domain experts to model their UIs, enabling an End-User Development (EUD) paradigm that facilitate future updates to the system. A study case of a maintenance activity was developed to evaluate these solutions, with two interfaces: a UI designed using MBSAW-UI; a UI designed using solely a Hierarchical Task Analysis. An experiment was performed and showed a 78% increase in SAW with the UI designed to support SAW, which lead to enhanced efficacy (3,85x less errors) and safety (3,87x less errors regarding unsafe behavior).
Consciência Situacional (SAW) é um processo cognitivo definido como a percepção de elementos e eventos em um volume de tempo e espaço, o entendimento da situação atual e a projeção do seu estado futuro. SAW é um pré-requisito para a tomada de decisão em sistemas complexos e dinâmicos, e os problemas em SAW são uma fonte reconhecida de erros humanos e acidentes. O estudo de SAW não só é fundamental em muitos setores (como, por exemplo, aviação, forças armadas, óleo, gás e ferrovias), como vem sendo considerado, de forma crescente, em áreas como a manutenção, que é uma atividade crítica para todas as indústrias. Novas tecnologias para apoio a manutenção, como a E-Manutenção, vão prover melhor acesso a informações desejadas, porém a SAW de um trabalhador que lida com tecnologia está correlacionada a Interface do Usuário (IU) do sistema, e diversas IUs para manutenção apoiam a tomada de decisão considerando critérios procedurais e técnicos, mas não econômicos, legais, éticos e políticos. Portanto elas somente apoiam um desenvolvimento parcial da SAW de seu usuário, mas não a completa compreensão e projeção da situação. Estas interfaces ignoram requisitos de informação como: riscos e condições do ambiente; automações; ações e decisões de colegas de equipe; regras, regulamentos e políticas das empresas. Dessa forma, o design e desenvolvimento de IUs para aprimorar a SAW na manutenção são comprometidos pelas poucas soluções no estado da arte de design de IU para apoio a SAW, de processos de design baseado em modelos e de frameworks e arquiteturas de referência. Ciente desta lacuna, esta tese propõe uma solução para design e desenvolvimento de Interfaces do Usuário que apoiam o estabelecimento de SAW (SASUI) em trabalhos de manutenção. Três contribuições foram geradas: um framework conceitual de aspectos de SAW (FSA) que auxilia desenvolvedores a estruturar fontes de dados heterogêneas em um modelo de representação do conhecimento, para obter uma visão de SAW orientada a estado; uma arquitetura multiagente que instancia e controla IUs para aprimorar o apoio a SAW, usando uma combinação de agentes de SAW e IU que expressam a situação (e projeção) de entidades do mundo real; e, finalmente, uma metodologia para criar IUs para SAW baseada em modelos (MBSAW-UI), na qual designers modelam agentes que irão auxiliar usuários a adquirir a SAW necessária para seu processo de tomada de decisão. Estas contribuições seguem uma abordagem de Engenharia Cognitiva para guiar desenvolvedores de software no processo de design de IU e para permitir especialistas de domínio a modelar suas IUs, habilitando um paradigma de End-User Development (EUD) que facilita futuras atualizações ao sistema. Foi desenvolvido um estudo de caso de uma atividade de manutenção para avaliar as soluções propostas, usando duas interfaces: uma projetada usando a metodologia MBSAWUI; e outra usando somente análise hierárquica de tarefas. Experimentos realizados mostram que as interfaces geradas com a metodologia proposta neste trabalho proporcionaram um aumento de 78% na SAW, o que levou a uma melhor eficácia (3,85x menos erros) e segurança (3,87x menos erros relacionados a comportamentos arriscados).
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Gros, Frédérique. « Lien entre satisfaction professionnelle et interface travail-famille chez des marins en situation de célibat géographique ». Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0004/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette recherche s’intéresse au vécu des célibataires géographiques dans la marine nationale. Le but de ce travail est, d’une part, de comprendre leur ressenti de l’interface travail-famille et de la satisfaction professionnelle et, d’autre part, d’analyse le lien entre ces deux variables et la relation qu’elles entretiennent avec le turnover volontaire. Nous faisions l’hypothèse que les célibataires géographiques ressentiraient davantage de conflit travail-famille et d’insatisfaction professionnelle que les marins qui n’étaient pas dans cette situation. De plus, la satisfaction professionnelle a été envisagée comme un antécédent du vécu de l’interface travail-famille. Finalement, nous faisions l’hypothèse que le lien entre satisfaction et interface travail-famille aurait une répercussion sur le turnover volontaire. Pour tester ces différentes hypothèses, une étude qualitative et trois études quantitatives ont été réalisées sur 5 787 marins. Il existe bien des différences entre célibataires géographiques et non célibataires géographiques. De plus, la satisfaction professionnelle réduit l’apparition du conflit et augmente l’enrichissement. Indépendamment de la situation maritale, l’insatisfaction professionnelle et le conflit travail-famille augmentent le risque de turnover volontaire chez les marins. Le lien entre insatisfaction et départ volontaire est médié par le conflit travail-familleThis research studies the experience of geographical celibacy in French Navy. The aim of this study is, on the one hand, to understand their perception of work-family conflict and enrichment and job satisfaction, and, on the other hand, to analyze the link between these two variables and the relationship they have with voluntary turnover. We hypothesized that geographical celibates feel more work-family conflict et job dissatisfaction than sailors that weren’t in that situation. Moreover, job satisfaction was considered as an antecedent of the experience of work-family interface. Finally, we hypothesized that the link between satisfaction and work-family interface would cause voluntary turnover. To test these different hypotheses, one qualitative and three quantitative studies were realized on 5 787 sailors. There are differences between geographical celibates and non-geographical celibates. In addition, job satisfaction reduces the appearance of conflict and increases enrichment. Independently of marital situation, job dissatisfaction and work-family conflict raise the risk of voluntary turnover of the sailor. The link between job dissatisfaction and voluntary turnover is mediated by work-family conflict
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Kim, Hyungil. « Augmented Reality Pedestrian Collision Warning : An Ecological Approach to Driver Interface Design and Evaluation ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88886.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to fundamentally change the way we interact with information. Direct perception of computer generated graphics atop physical reality can afford hands-free access to contextual information on the fly. However, as users must interact with both digital and physical information simultaneously, yesterday's approaches to interface design may not be sufficient to support the new way of interaction. Furthermore, the impacts of this novel technology on user experience and performance are not yet fully understood.
Driving is one of many promising tasks that can benefit from AR, where conformal graphics strategically placed in the real-world can accurately guide drivers' attention to critical environmental elements. The ultimate purpose of this study is to reduce pedestrian accidents through design of driver interfaces that take advantage of AR head-up displays (HUD). For this purpose, this work aimed to (1) identify information requirements for pedestrian collision warning, (2) design AR driver interfaces, and (3) quantify effects of AR interfaces on driver performance and experience.
Considering the dynamic nature of human-environment interaction in AR-supported driving, we took an ecological approach for interface design and evaluation, appreciating not only the user but also the environment. The requirement analysis examined environmental constraints imposed on the drivers' behavior, interface design translated those behavior-shaping constraints into perceptual forms of interface elements, and usability evaluations utilized naturalistic driving scenarios and tasks for better ecological validity.
A novel AR driver interface for pedestrian collision warning, the virtual shadow, was proposed taking advantage of optical see-through HUDs. A series of usability evaluations in both a driving simulator and on an actual roadway showed that virtual shadow interface outperformed current pedestrian collision warning interfaces in guiding driver attention, increasing situation awareness, and improving task performance. Thus, this work has demonstrated the opportunity of incorporating an ecological approach into user interface design and evaluation for AR driving applications. This research provides both basic and practical contributions in human factors and AR by (1) providing empirical evidence furthering knowledge about driver experience and performance in AR, and, (2) extending traditional usability engineering methods for automotive AR interface design and evaluation.Ph. D.
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Luke, Brian L. « Design of a microelectronic controller with a MIL-STD-1553 bus interface for the tactile situation awareness system ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA354463.
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Thesis (Degree of Electrical Engineer) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1998.Thesis advisor(s): Douglas J. Fouts. "September 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-158). Also available online.
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Beka, Be Nguema Marius. « Comportement de l'opérateur humain face à une situation dégradée et imprévue : contribution à la réalisation d'une interface homme-machine tolérante à certaines erreurs humaines ». Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3e915137-f166-4513-adfd-f97943c83baf.
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La complexité de la tâche d'un opérateur humain et la variabilité de sa charge de travail, dans un système homme machine, peuvent le conduire à commettre des erreurs aux conséquences graves. Aussi, l'impossibilité de les éliminer dans leur totalité rend nécessaire la présence d'une interface tolérante à ces erreurs, capable d'empêcher leurs conséquences sur le système homme-machine. Le thème de cette recherche consiste donc à analyser le comportement de l'opérateur humain en surcharge mentale ou face à une dégradation plus ou moins importante des informations d'un procédé simule simple de réglage de température d'eau. L’analyse du comportement des quarante-quatre sujets testés a permis par la suite l'extraction de règles générales à introduire dans la spécification de l'interface tolérante aux erreurs humaines. La modélisation de l'opérateur humain qui constitue une étape importante vers la conception de cette interface a été écrite en logique floue. Cette interface est composée de différents modules tels que la classification de l'action de l'opérateur, la résolution de l'action, et des modèles de l'opérateur humain et du procédé. La validation de la structure d'interface proposée tout comme les résultats de l'analyse des comportements des opérateurs humains ont permis d'énoncer des recommandations générales pour la conduite assistée de procédés.
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Atsé, N'Cho Jean-Baptiste. « Langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire. Le foyer de travailleurs migrants en région parisienne comme interface entre ici et là-bas ». Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030091.
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Notre recherche porte sur les relations entre langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire et s’inspire des travaux se situant dans les domaines de l’anthropologie linguistique et de la sociologie de l’immigration. À partir de terrains menés dans trois foyers de travailleurs migrants de Montreuil, une ville de la banlieue Est de la région parisienne, nous explorons les méthodes mobilisées par les résidents de ces foyers pour communiquer avec les autres par rapport au contexte et aux interlocuteurs. La vitalité ethnolinguistique d’une langue comme le soninké, le contact des langues africaines entre elles d’une part et entre celles-ci et le français (langue de l’ex-colonisateur et du pays d’accueil) d’autre part dans les foyers de travailleurs migrants, le tout avec les modes de réappropriation et de reconfiguration de ces espaces d’accueil sont au centre de nos réflexionsOur research focuses on relations between African languages, identities and linguistic practices in migration situation and draws on the work lying in the fields of linguistic anthropology and sociology of immigration. From land conducted in three outbreaks of migrant workers in Montreuil, a suburb east of Paris region, we explore the methods employed by the residents of these homes to communicate with others in relation to the context and interlocutors. Ethnolinguistic vitality of a language as the Soninke, the contact of African languages among themselves and between them and the French (the language of the former colonizer and the host country) in the other workers hostels migrants, with all modes of appropriation and reconfiguration of the reception areas are central to our thinking
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Atsé, N'Cho Jean-Baptiste. « Langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire. Le foyer de travailleurs migrants en région parisienne comme interface entre ici et là-bas ». Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655843.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Notre recherche porte sur les relations entre langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire et s'inspire des travaux se situant dans les domaines de l'anthropologie linguistique et de la sociologie de l'immigration. À partir de terrains menés dans trois foyers de travailleurs migrants de Montreuil, une ville de la banlieue Est de la région parisienne, nous explorons les méthodes mobilisées par les résidents de ces foyers pour communiquer avec les autres par rapport au contexte et aux interlocuteurs. La vitalité ethnolinguistique d'une langue comme le soninké, le contact des langues africaines entre elles d'une part et entre celles-ci et le français (langue de l'ex-colonisateur et du pays d'accueil) d'autre part dans les foyers de travailleurs migrants, le tout avec les modes de réappropriation et de reconfiguration de ces espaces d'accueil sont au centre de nos réflexions.
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Dixon, Brian Samuel. « A novel graphic syntax : an investigation into how a GPS-enabled wayfinding interface can be designed to visually support urban recreational walkers' situation awareness ». Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2015. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/12016/.
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GPS-enabled wayfinding interfaces (i.e. digital maps) are now commonly used as wayfinding devices in urban locations. While these wayfinding interfaces provide increasingly accurate geographic and routing information, little attention has been paid to how novel information design approaches may support particular user-experiences within particular use-contexts. This practice-based research focuses on the design of GPS-enabled wayfinding interfaces within the use-context of urban recreational walking/wandering. In particular, it investigates how these interfaces could be designed to visually support situation awarenessin use. That is, awareness of one’s embodied involvement in the surrounding environment while using the interface. The enquiry progresses through two phases. In the first phase, a programme of semi-structured interviews are conducted with urban recreational walkers/wanderers. Analysis of the data reveals participants’ motivations to walk, their experience of exploratory wayfinding, as well as their use of wayfinding materials in general and GPS-enabled technology in particular. With regard to the latter,attention is paid to ways in which these wayfinding interfaces are negatively perceived. Here, it is identified that, amongst the group as a whole, the undermining of situation awareness (SA) and the negation of exploratory wayfinding practices are seen as significant issues. Having made this identification, an area for experimentation is framed and, within this, a design hypothesis is formulated. Next, in the enquiry’s second phase, a series of design experiments are undertaken in order to develop a novel wayfinding interface in response to this hypothesis. Here, an iterative development cycle leads to the design and testing of a mixed-fidelity working prototype interface through the application of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis. By integrating and assessing the results, it is possible to assert that,for the majority of participants, SA-in-use was supported, thus verifying the hypothesis. Thereafter, the interface is presented as a practical response to the primary research question of the enquiry and, as such, is positioned as an artefactual contribution to knowledge. Then, through a graphic syntax analysis (Engelhardt 2002) of this artefact, a contextualised graphic syntax for design is generated. In setting out a series of principles, it provides an outline for the design of a GPS-enabled WI to visually support an urban recreational walker’s/wanderer’s situation awareness in use and, so, may guide/inform future designs. Further to this, in graphic syntax analysis, a reflection on the dynamic and interactive aspects of the interface leads to an extension of Engelhardt’s graphic syntax framework(2002) being proposed. Here, by expanding the framework’s scope, the description of the dynamic and interactive aspects of graphic representations is now made possible. It is held that this, in turn, may support the development of an expanded theory of graphic syntax.
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Cooper, Joseph L. « Supporting Flight Control for UAV-Assisted Wilderness Search and Rescue Through Human Centered Interface Design ». Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2140.pdf.
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Le, Pevedic Brigitte. « L'aide aux personnes en situation de handicap au cœur d'une recherche en informatique. Des outils d'interaction homme-machine au compagnon artificiel ». Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761330.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'interaction Homme-machine s'articule autour de plusieurs points-clés : établissement et maintien de l'échange, compréhension des signaux et réaction. Mes travaux de recherche s'inscrivent dans le thème de l'Interaction/Communication/Relation Homme-Machine avec pour fil conducteur l'aide à la personne en situation de handicap. Au cours de mes projets, j'ai traité la problématique de l'aide aux personnes en situation de handicap suivant quatre axes : * la réalisation d'aide technique dans le cadre de la communication écrite (interface de saisie de textes), * l'interaction émotionnelle (modèle d'affect computationnel), * la stimulation cognitive, * le robot compagnon ou compagnon artificiel Ce mémoire aborde également le thème pluridisciplinaire de l'acceptabilité et de l'intercompréhension dans les interactions et l'évaluation de l'acceptabilité d'un robot comme partenaire d'interaction par l'homme.
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Kadri, Abdelaziz. « Etude electrochimique des processus de corrosion d'un alliage fe-36 ni sous des couches minces d'elecrolyte, a l'air libre ou en situation de confinement ». Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066211.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Etude du mecanisme de corrosion localisee observee sur les alliages fe-36ni et intervenant lors de leur stockage par empilement de feuilles destinees a la fabrication de supports de circuits integres. Utilisation d'une cellule de simulation ou l'epaisseur de l'electrolyte est maintenue a une tres faible valeur (
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Palermiti, Rosalba. « Les anaphores dans le dialogue homme-machine en langue naturelle écrite : données recueillies par le Magicien d'Oz dans une situation de recherche documentaire ». Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble ; 1990-2015), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21032.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans le dialogue homme-machine, les anaphores traitees traditionnellement sont les anaphores pronominales. Or, dans ce travail, il s'agit d'etudier l'ensemble des phenomenes anaphoriques dans un corpus de dialogues homme-machine recueillis par une technique de simulation dite du magicien d'oz, dont on relate le protocole experimental et ou l'on precise le contexte d'application : la recherche documentaire par le grand public ; sont passes en revue les modes de consultation des bases de donnees bibliographiques. Puis, en exploitant ce corpus d'un point de vue documentaire (typologie des requetes, strategies de recherches. . . . ) et d'un point de vue linguistique (structure de surface des enonces, anaphores, coherences, reference,. . . ), on remet en cause l'usage de la langue naturelle pour certaines situations et l'on emet l'hypothese d'une nouvelle phraselogie de la communication propre au dialogue homme-machine. Du point de vue traitement automatique, sont explicitees les differentes connaissances necessaires a la conduite du dialogue et a la resolution automatique des anaphores (modele de dialogue, modele de la tache, deroulement du dialogue,. . . Etc. ), en s'appuyant d'une part sur les differentes approches linguistiques des phenomenes anaphoriques, et d'autre part sur des travaux effectues en t. A. L. En se placant dans le cadre de l'analyse automatique de langue telle qu'elle est envisagee au centre de recherche en informatique appliquee aux sciences sociales de grenoble (criss), sont degagees des regles de reconnaissance des unites anaphoriquesThe anaphora traditionally handled in man-machine dialogues are pronominal anaphora. In this thesis, however, the aim is to study the entires set of anaphorical phenomena that can be found in man-machine dialogues. For this, we use a corpus collected using the so-called "wizard of oz" simulation technique. We explain the experimental protocol used and detail the application context : an information retrieval system for everyman's use in a library. We also survey different existing retrieval modes for bibliographical data bases. Next, having exploited the corpus on the retrieval level (query typology, search strategies,. . . ) and on the linguistic level (suraces structures), anaphora, reference and coherence,. . . ), we express our doubts about the usability of natural language in certain situations and we also state the hypothesis of the need for a new "phraseology" for man-machine communication. Concerning natural language processing (nlp, we explain the different types of knowledge necessary for dialogue management and anaphora resolution (dialogue modeling, task modeling, dialogue dynamics,. . . ), on the basis of different linguistic approaches of anaphorical phenomena and existing work in nlp. Within the framework of the nlp work done at criss (centre for research in informatics applied to the social sciences), we then derive some rules for identifying anaphoric units
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Bluteau, Marie. « Penser la mise en capacité à relier les situations de l’alternance Le cas des dispositifs de formation hybrides et par alternance à visée intégrative ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024HESAE019.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Et si apprendre était autant une question de lien, que de temps et de lieux ?C’est à partir de cette idée que la présente recherche est née. Elle s’enracine dans le terrain des Maisons Familiales Rurales, incitées, comme nombre d’organisations de formation, à hybrider les formations. Après avoir exploré les évolutions de la formation professionnelle et situé l’hybridation de formation, la revue de littérature permet une première approche des dispositifs hybrides et de formation par alternance à visée intégrative.Cette exploration nous entraîne à considérer, non plus les dispositifs tels que pensés, mais tels que vécus, du point de vue du sujet qui se forme ; et nous conduit à repérer la manière dont les alternants sont mis en situation de créer des liens entre les expériences vécues. L’étude se centre sur ces situations en envisageant les processus contributifs à la construction de reliances (à soi, aux autres, aux mondes) dans les situations interface des environnements multiples de formation.Pour étudier ces processus de mise en capacité à relier chez les personnes en formation, nous adoptons une démarche multiméthode et nous appuyons sur l’étude de cas de deux dispositifs de formation hybrides et par alternance. Nous mobilisons différents cadres de lecture, sur ces dispositifs, les reliances vécues et les postures des alternants nous permettant d’étudier les processus de mises en capacités à l’aide de l’approche par les capabilités. Après avoir identifié les situations interface et les différentes postures des alternants vis-à-vis de la formation, l’étude analyse 6 de ces situations au regard des mises en capacité de reliances à soi, aux autres, aux mondes qui s’y jouent. La recherche montre ainsi comment les alternants sont effectivement mis en capacité de relier leurs expériences, en termes de ressources, d’opportunité et de choix.Mots-clefs :Dispositif de formation hybride et par alternance, Formation adultes, Alternance à visée intégrative, Reliance (à soi, aux autres, aux mondes), Déliance (à soi, aux autres, aux mondes), Capabilité, Hybridation, Système interface, Situation interface, Activité interface, Posture de formationWhat if learning was as much a question of links as of time and place?It was from this idea that this research was born. It is rooted in the field of Maisons Familiales Rurales, which, like many training organisations, are encouraged to hybridise their training courses. After exploring developments in vocational training and situating training hybridisation, the literature review provides an initial approach to hybrid and sandwich training schemes with an integrative aim.This exploration leads us to consider the systems not as they are thought out, but as they are experienced, from the point of view of the person undergoing the training; and leads us to identify the way in which work-study students are put in a position to create links between the experiences they have undergone. The study focuses on these situations by looking at the processes that contribute to the construction of connections (to oneself, to others, to worlds) in the interface situations of multiple training environments.To study these processes of enabling trainees to relate, we are adopting a multi-method approach based on a case study of two hybrid and sandwich training schemes. We use different reading frameworks for these systems, the connections experienced and the postures of the alternating trainees, enabling us to study the processes of building capacity using the capability approach. After identifying the interface situations and the different postures adopted by the work-study students in relation to the training, the study analyses 6 of these situations in terms of the development of their ability to relate to themselves, to others and to the worlds in which they work. The research thus shows how work-study students are effectively enabled to relate their experiences, in terms of resources, opportunities and choices.Key words:Hybrid and work-linked training system, Adult training, Integrative work-linked training, Reliance (on oneself, on others, on worlds), Deliance (on oneself, on others, on worlds), Capability, Hybridization, Interface system, Interface situation, Interface activity, Training posture
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Jones, Birago (Birago Korayga). « Reflective Interfaces : assisting teens with stressful situations online ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76519.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).
This thesis presents the concept of Reflective Interfaces, a novel approach to user experience design that promotes positive behavioral norms. Traditional interface design methodologies such as User Centered Design are oriented towards efficient satisfaction of short-term interface goals, but may not serve the best interests of the user in the long term. Reflective Interfaces encourage the user to think about the space of possible choices they can make, reasons for making those choices, and consequences of their interactions for themselves and others. The problem of Cyberbullying is a serious problem, threatening the viability of social networks for youth today, as spam once threatened email in the early days of the Internet. We explore the design of several Reflective Interfaces for helping teens in distress over social network interactions. First, we implemented a fictitious, but fully functional social network, Fakebook, that provides just-in-time and just-in-place help when potentially bullying interactions are detected. Laboratory tests of the Fakebook interface showed encouraging results. Second, we collaborated with MTV on their site, A Thin Line, which finds stories analogous to a users' particular situation and helps reduce feelings of isolation. We are also working on TimeOut, a dashboard for social network providers that alerts them to situations where outbreaks of bullying might escalate in a community. By putting users in a reflective state, Reflective Interfaces can help them self-correct toward an implicit goal of the community, the interface, the application, or reaffirm the user's own stated goals. These principles can be applied across a wide variety of interfaces for social interaction and other domains.
by Birago Jones.
S.M.
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Mi, Na. « Extended Situation Awareness Theory for Mobile Augmented Reality Interfaces to Support Navigation ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47677.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Despite the increasingly sophisticated capabilities of mobile AR guidance applications in providing new ways of interacting with the surrounding environment, empirical research remains needed in four principal areas: 1) identifying user needs and use cases, 2) developing an appropriate theoretical framework, 3) understanding user's interactions with the surrounding environment, and 4) avoiding information overload. To address these needs, a mixed-methods approach, involving two studies, was used to extend current Situation Awareness (SA) theory and evaluate the application of an extended theory. These were achieved in the context of a reality-augmented environment for the task of exploring an unfamiliar urban context.
The first study examined SA in terms of the processes that an individual employs and the essential requirements needed to develop SA for the case of urban exploratory navigation using mobile augmented reality (MAR). From this study, SA-supported design implications for an MAR guidance application were developed, and used to evaluate the application of an extended SA theoretical cognitive model. The second study validated the earlier findings, and involved two specific applications of the translated SA-supported interface design and an evaluation of five conceptual design concepts.
Results of the AR interface application suggested a significant SA-supported interface design effect on user's SA, which is dependent on the number of Points of Interest (POIs) included in the interface. Results of the embedded Map interface application showed a significant SA-support interface design effect on a user's SA. The SA-supported interface designs helped participants complete task queries faster and led to higher perceived interface usability.
This work demonstrates that, by adopting a systematic approach, transformed requirements can be obtained and used to design and develop SA-supported strategies. In doing so, subsequent implementation of SA-supported strategies could enhance a user's SA in the context exploratory navigation in an urban environment using MAR. Indeed, a validation process was initiated for the extracted user requirements, by conducting evaluations on these SA-supported strategies. Finally, a set of preliminary design recommendations is proposed, with the goal of their eventual incorporation into the design and development of more effective mobile AR guidance applications.Ph. D.
21
Lagubeau, Guillaume. « Interfaces à grains, et autres situations de mouillage nul ». Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00555816.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Intercaler une phase intermédiaire (gazeuse ou granulaire) entre une goutte et une surface crée une situation de mouillage nul. Nous étudions expérimentalement les conséquences de la présence de cette phase sur le mouvement des gouttes d'eau. Dans une première partie, nous nous intéressons à des situations de non-mouillage induites par la présence d'un film gazeux entre le liquide et la surface. Une conséquence de la présence de ce film est la mise en mouvement d'une goutte en caléfaction sur une surface chaude de profil périodique et asymétrique (en forme de toit d'usine). Nous mettons en évidence que l'écoulement asymétrique du gaz dans le film de vapeur entre la goutte et la surface provoque la propulsion de la goutte par effet fusée. À l'inverse, la faible épaisseur du film isolant peut induire une dissipation visqueuse supplémentaire que l'on observe par exemple lors du rebond d'une bulle de savon sur un liquide. La deuxième partie de ce travail est consacrée à une autre situation de non-mouillage réalisée par l'ajout de grains à la surface d'une goutte (appelée goutte enrobée). On forme alors une interface composite, à la fois capillaire et granulaire qui peut présenter un caractère fortement dissipatif : lorsque la densité de grains est faible, son comportement est celui du liquide qui la compose mais lorsque la densité de grains à la surface approche des densités du jamming, caractère granulaire de l'interface l'emporte. Le frottement entre grains détermine alors la forme ainsi que la dynamique des gouttes enrobées. Nous montrons que la rhéologie de ces interfaces est alors similaire à celle des écoulements granulaires denses.
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Pridmore, Jeannie L. Byrd Terry Anthony. « Designing for the improvement of operator situation awareness In automation systems ». Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2007/FALL/Management/Dissertation/PRIDMORE_JEANNIE_33.pdf.
Texte intégral
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Haimes, Paul William. « Designing for communities in bushfire-prone situations : Redesigning the FireWatch website interface ». Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1620.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This research describes the redesign of Landgate’s FireWatch service – a web-based map application that uses data derived from satellites to provide near real-time bushfire information. FireWatch was originally built for emergency services personnel, but recent Australian state government inquiries have called for individuals, households and communities to have independent access to bushfire information. Therefore, it was necessary to redesign FireWatch with a new remote community-based audience in mind. The thesis describes multiple iterations of a user-centred action research design process that resulted in a publicly accessible web application known as MyFireWatch. Due to delayed access to actual community–based users, scenario-based design and a personas frame-work were created to consider the user’s perspective. These personas then informed the recruitment of community-based users in the remote Western Australian town of Kununurra. Working with these remote community-based users quantified what functionality provided by FireWatch could be useful to this new audience. It also revealed that the information presented to them could be used in unanticipated ways and that satellite information can assist users in identifying key landmarks. However, user feedback indicated a lack of awareness of bushfire map applications in Australia, including FireWatch. Results from an online questionnaire verified that the design process undertaken resulted in a usable interface that met the needs of the majority of users, although several participants noted that the interface was slow to respond to user input. There was significant support for user-sourced fire information, although several participants raised concerns of how the information would be verified and how user-sourced information would impact the usability of the application. Participants used social media but were also highly reliant on traditional media and word of mouth – something that Landgate will need to consider in future efforts to increase awareness of MyFireWatch Two frameworks arose from the research undertaken: a pattern language for presenting map-based hazard information and a personas framework for designing for remote Australian community based users.
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Merrell, Thomas William Jr. « Evaluation of Consumer Drone Control Interface ». Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1526381891672951.
Texte intégral
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Eskandari, Naddaf Neda. « Observability based techniques to analyze and design user-interfaces : situation-awareness and displayed information ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54721.
Texte intégralRésumé :
For continuous-time LTI systems under human control and under shared control, this thesis studies techniques to determine whether or not a given user-interface provides the information required to accomplish a certain task. It is well known that attaining Situation Awareness (SA) is essential to the safe operation of the systems involving human-automation interaction. Hence, through two different approaches, the work in this thesis evaluates and designs user-interfaces based on the satisfaction of SA requirements by the user.
In the first approach, observability-based conditions under which a user-interface provides the user with adequate information to accomplish a given task are identified. The user is considered to be a special type of observer, with capabilities corresponding to different levels of knowledge regarding the input and output derivatives. Through this approach, the ``user-observable/user-predictable'' subspaces for systems under shared control are defined and formulated. In addition, state estimation is considered to incorporate a processing delay. Hence, the ``delay-incorporating user-observable/user-predictable'' subspaces are formulated and are compared with the space spanned by the combination of the states which create the task. If the task subspace does not lie in the relevant space, then the user-interface is incorrect, meaning that the user cannot accomplish the desired task with the given user-interface.
In the second approach, to determine the required information to be displayed, a model of attaining SA for the users is proposed. In this model, the user is modeled as an extended delayed functional estimator. Then, the information needed for such an estimator to make correct estimations as well as the desired expansion of the functional of the states to let the user precisely reconstruct and accurately predict the desired task is determined. Additionally, it is considered that in practice, to attain the situation awareness, the estimation of the task states does not necessarily need to be precise but can be bounded within certain margins. Hence, the model of the user attaining SA is also modified as a ``bounded-error delayed functional observation/prediction''. Such an observer/predictor has to exist for a system with a given user-interface, otherwise, the safety of the operation may be compromised.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Jeon, Myounghoon. « Effects of affective states on driver situation awareness and adaptive mitigation interfaces : focused on anger ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44854.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Research has suggested that affective states have critical effects on various cognitive processes and performance. Evidence from driving studies has also emphasized the importance of driver situation awareness (Endsley, 1995b) for driving performance and safety. However, to date, no research has investigated the relationship between affective effects and driver situation awareness. Two studies examined the relationship between a driver's affective states and situation awareness. In Experiment 1, 30 undergraduates drove in a simulator after either anger or neutral affect induction. Results suggested that an induced angry state can degrade driver situation awareness and driving performance more than the neutral state. Interestingly, the angry state did not influence participants' perceived workload. Experiment 2 explored the possibilities of using an "attention deployment" emotion regulation strategy as an intervention for mitigating angry effects on driving, via an adaptive speech-based system. 60 undergraduates drove the same scenario as in Experiment 1 after affect induction with different intervention conditions: anger with no sound; anger with the ER system: directive/ command style emotion regulation messages; anger with the SA system: suggestive/ notification style situation awareness prompts; or neutral with no sound. Results showed that both speech-based systems can not only enhance driver situation awareness and driving performance, but also reduce the anger level and perceived workload. Participants rated the ER system as more effective, but they rated the SA system as less annoying and less authoritative than the ER system. Based on the results of Experiment 2, regression models were constructed between a driver's affective states and driving performance, being mediated by situation awareness (full mediation for speeding and partial mediation for collision).
These results allow researchers to construct a more detailed driver behavior model by showing how an affective state can influence driver situation awareness and performance. The practical implications of this research include the use of situation awareness prompts as a possible strategy for mitigating affective effects, for the design of an affect detection and mitigation system for drivers.
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Demirel, Ibrahim. « Aircraft pilot situational awareness interface for airborne operation of network controlled Unmanned Systems (US) ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FDemirel.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Bordetsky, Alex ; Bourakov, Eugene. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 29, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-101). Also available in print.
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Bouabid, Amira. « Contribution à la conception d'interfaces homme-machine distribuées sur tables interactives avec objets tangibles ». Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de l’Interaction Homme-Machine. Elle vise à mettre l’accent sur les capacités collaboratives à distance des tables interactives à interaction tangible. La collaboration co-localisée sur les tables interactives a été traitée lors de plusieurs travaux antérieurs. Par contre peu d’études ont été consacrées à exploiter les capacités des tables interactives (précisément celles à interaction purement tangible) afin de faciliter la collaboration à distance. C’est face à ce constat et en raison de l’importance accordée à ces nouvelles plateformes que nous avons proposé une extension d’un modèle de contexte afin de prendre en considération des caractéristiques liées à la collaboration distante en exploitant des tables interactives tangibles. Pour cela, nous avons dans un premier temps croisé un ensemble de situations de collaboration avec des catégories d’objets tangibles génériques, appelés tangigets. Ce croisement a donné naissance à un ensemble de catégories d’objets capables de réaliser une collaboration distante via des tables interactives. Afin de tester notre proposition, nous avons développé une application collaborative tournant sur deux tables interactives de type TangiSense v2, résultat de projets ANR antérieurs. Afin d’évaluer l’ensemble des éléments proposés dans cette thèse, une étude a été menée en laboratoire. Un ensemble de perspectives de recherche termine le mémoireThis thesis contributes to the Human-Computer Interaction domain. It aims to focus on collaborative remote capabilities of interactive tabletops with tangible interaction. Co-located collaboration on interactive tabletops has been dealt with in several previous works. But few studies have been devoted to exploiting the capabilities of interactive tabletops (specifically those with purely tangible interaction) in order to improve remote collaboration. Consequently, due also to the importance given to these new platforms, we have proposed an extension of a context model in order to take into consideration characteristics of remote collaboration exploiting tangible interactive tabletops. For this, we first crossed a set of collaborative situations with categories of generic tangible objects, called tangigets. This crossing gave birth to a set of categories of objects able to achieve a remote collaboration via interactive tabletops. In order to test our proposal, we have developed a collaborative application running on two TangiSense v2 interactive tabletops, resulting from previous ANR projects. In order to evaluate the whole of the elements proposed in this thesis, a study was conducted in the laboratory. A set of research prospects finishes the thesis
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Ferland, François. « Interfaces graphiques tridimentionnelles de téléopération de plateformes robotiques mobiles ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1475.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les besoins grandissant en santé rendent des technologies comme la téléprésence à domicile de plus en plus intéressantes. Cependant, dans le domaine des interfaces humains-machines, il est souvent noté que négliger la façon dont est présentée l'information provenant du robot peut nuire à l'opérateur dans sa compréhension de la situation, ce qui entraîne une efficacité réduite. C'est en considérant la façon dont est traitée l'information chez l'opérateur que nous arriverons à développer une interface permettant d'allouer le maximum des capacités cognitives de l'opérateur à la tâche. De plus, les développements récents de matériel à haute performance et à coûts réduits nous permettent de mettre en oeuvre des techniques modernes de traitement d'images en temps réel. Nous proposons donc de développer un système flexible pour étudier les différentes façons de présenter l'information pertinente à la navigation efficace d'une plateforme robotique mobile. Ce système est basé sur une reconstruction en trois dimensions de l'environnement parcouru à partir des lectures de capteurs retrouvés couramment sur ces plateformes. De plus, l'utilisation d'une caméra vidéo stéréoscopique permet de reproduire l'effet de perspective tel qu'une personne sur place le percevrait. La présence d'un flux vidéo est souvent appréciée par les opérateurs et nous croyons que d'ajouter la profondeur dans notre reproduction de celui-ci est un avantage. Finalement, la caméra virtuelle de l'interface peut être continuellement réorientée de façon à fournir une perspective soit égocentrique, soit exocentrique, selon les préférences de l'opérateur. Nous validons l'utilisation de ce système en évaluant selon différentes métriques les performances d'opérateurs, autant néophytes qu'experts en robotique mobile, de façon à bien cibler les besoins fonctionnels de ce genre d'interfaces et leurs évaluations avec des populations-cibles. Nous croyons que la flexibilité quant au positionnement de la caméra virtuelle de l'interface demeure l'aspect le plus important du système. En effet, nous nous attendons â ce que cela permette à chaque opérateur d'adapter l'interface à ses préférences et les tâches en cours pour qu'il effectue son travail le plus efficacement possible. Bien que nous n'incluons pas de tâches spécifiques au domaine de la télésanté dans nos expérimentations, nous croyons que les observations de ce travail quant à la téléopération en général pourront s'appliquer éventuellement à ce domaine en particulier.
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Clifford, Rory. « Natural User Interface Design using Multiple Displays for Courier Dispatch Operations ». Thesis, University of Canterbury. Human Interface Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8740.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis explores how Natural User Interface (NUI) interaction and Multiple Display Technology (MDT) can be applied to an existing Freight Management System (FMS), to improve the command and control interface of the dispatch operators. Situational Awareness (SA) and Task Efficiency (TE) are identified as being the main requirements for dispatchers. Based on studies that have been performed on SA and TE in other time critical occupations such as Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD) and Air Traffic Control (ATC), a substitute dispatch display system was designed with focus on courier driver and freight management systems and monitoring. This system aims to alleviate cognitive overheads without disrupting the flow of the existing CFMS by providing extended screen area matched with a natural input mechanism for command and control functionality. This Master’s thesis investigates which of commercial state-of-the-art interface tools is best to use in a wide Field-of-View (FOV) multiple screen display and to dicern if there is any practical impact that a proposed NUI system will have to courier dispatching.
To assess the efficacy of such a hypothetical system the author has developed an experimental prototype that combines a set of three monitors in a Multi-Monitor System to create the overall display system, accompanied with two traditional and two advanced NUI direct and indirect interaction techniques (mouse, trackpad, touch screen and gesture controller). Experiments using the prototype were conducted to determine the optimum configuration for control/display interface based upon task effectiveness, bandwidth and overall user desirability of these methods in supporting behavioural requirements of dispatch workstation task handling. The author use the well-studied and robust Fitts' Law for measuring and analysing user behaviour with NUIs.
Evaluation of the prototype system finds that the multi-touch system paired with the multi-monitor system was the most responsive of the interaction techniques, direct or indirect. Based on these findings, employing such an interaction system is a viable option for deployment in FMS's. However for optimal efficiency, the firmware that supports the interactivity dynamics should be re-designed so it is optimized to touch interaction. This will allow the multi-touch system to be used effectively as an affordance technology. Although the gesture interaction approach has a lot of potential as an alternative NUI device, the performance of gesture input in this experimental setting had the worst performance of all conditions. This finding was largely a result of the interface device limitation within the wide FOV display range of the multi-monitor system. Further design improvements and experimentation are proposed to alleviate this problem for the gesture tracking and for the touchscreen modalities of interaction.
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Hanser, Damien. « Proposition d'un modèle d'auto-coordination en situation de conception, application au domaine du bâtiment ». Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00087063.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'objet de ce travail est l'analyse de la conception en tant qu'activité coopérative, la proposition d'un modèle de ces pratiques et l'implémentation d'un prototype d'aide aux échanges coopératifs.L'apport de cette recherche est de mettre en correspondance les théories sociologiques traitant de l'activité collective et l'expérience accumulée concernant la conception d'ouvrages bâtis dans un modèle conceptuel permettant de décrire un contexte de projet. Ce modèle a été conçu selon les principes de méta-modélisation, en utilisant un formalisme standard
répandu dans le domaine de l'ingénierie logicielle, afin de permettre des implémentations et des extensions plus aisées. Le modèle que nous avons proposé a été appliqué à un outil prototype offrant une représentation graphique d'un contexte de projet afin de favoriser l'émergence d'une
coordination spontanée entre les acteurs. La mise en oeuvre de ce prototype a permis d'éprouver les postulats que nous avons pu formuler et a conduit à dégager des perspectives concernant l'adaptabilité des collecticiels aux situations de conception coopérative.
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Charissis, Vassilis. « Enhancing the driver's spatial and situational awareness through the use of a head-up display interface ». Thesis, Glasgow School of Art, 2007. http://radar.gsa.ac.uk/4899/.
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Haué, Jean-Baptiste. « Conception d'interfaces grand public en termes de situations d'utilisation : le cas du Multi-Accès ». Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1449.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse propose une démarche de conception Multi-Accès d'interfaces grand public et une application détaillée à la gestion d'énergie dans le logement. L'approche Multi-Accès cherche à améliorer le service apporté à l'utilisateur et les moyens d'y accéder, par les supports existants (boîtiers tactiles, téléphones portables, etc. ). Elle pose le problème d'une spécification unique des services et de sa déclinaison sur de multiples interfaces, selon les supports et leurs situations d'utilisation. La démarche s'appuie sur la Conception Centrée sur le Cours d'Action et Prospect, procédé de spécification d'interfaces. Une approche constructiviste, fondée sur la théorie du couplage structurel, articule deux domaines théoriques : sémiologique qui respecte le caractère situé de l'activité et systémique pour la modélisation objets et l'apport à la conception informatique. Trois étapes ont été abordées. L'étape 1, d'étude des situations existantes d'utilisation, passe par une analyse sémiologique de l'activité. L'analyse du Cours de Vie a été développée pour étudier l'appropriation à long terme des machines du quotidien. Les étapes suivantes s'appuient sur un principe de modélisation, intégrant les connaissances sur l'activité aux modèles objets : un modèle pivot abstrait relie un modèle du contexte (point de vue utilisateur) à un modèle des exigences sur l'interface (point de vue machine). L'étape 2, d'analyse et de modélisation de l'utilité des situations futures, débouche sur une spécification fonctionnelle, indépendante des supports. L'étape 3 traite l'utilisabilité future et débouche sur une spécification détaillée des dialogues attendus. Pour le Multi-Accès, cette étape se décompose en une définition abstraite de l'interface, commune aux supports, ensuite déclinée en multiples interfaces concrètes. Les étapes suivantes, non abordées, ouvrent sur la conception de l'appropriabilité (spécification du système d'aide) et l'évaluation des utilisations futures.
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Benamrane, Yasmine. « La gestion des situations d’urgence à l’interface entre expertise et décision : quelle place pour les outils de modélisation des dispersions NRBC-E et de leurs conséquences ? » Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0013/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Aujourd'hui, l'évaluation des conséquences environnementales et sanitaires d'événements majeurs liés aux rejets dans l'atmosphère de substances radiologiques ou chimiques est, de plus en plus, basée sur la mise en œuvre d'outils de modélisation. La capacité de ces outils à appréhender de manière toujours plus fine l'ampleur spatiale et temporelle de ce type d'événements contribue à leur positionnement croissant en appui aux situations d'urgence. Cependant, l'accident de Fukushima a souligné qu'en dépit de cette tendance, l'apport des outils n'est pas encore optimal au regard de l'environnement décisionnel de l'organisation de sécurité civile en charge, notamment, des décisions de protection des populations. Cette recherche s'attèle donc, sur la base d'interviews et d'observations d'exercices de crise, à clarifier la place des outils de modélisation en situation d'urgence. L'étude suggère qu'à ce jour, la gestion de ces situations prend place dans un processus de co-construction de sens entre acteurs d'expertise NRBC-E et décideurs, favorisant l'atteinte de consensus en matière de prise de décision. L'étude met également en lumière l'importance que joue le COD, de par sa structure même, comme lieu d'échange entre acteurs aux expertises et expériences complémentaires, dans la perception et la gestion des changements de contexte. Ainsi, nous suggérons qu'en se positionnant au niveau de l'évaluation de la situation, les outils de modélisation fournissent une information qui respecte les pratiques actuelles dans l'aide à la décision en situation d'urgence et le respect des rôles et expertises de chaque acteur. Dans cette optique, les modèles de dispersion et d'impact sont donc susceptibles de s'intégrer au développement plus global d'outils d'aide à la gestion des crises auprès de l'organisation de sécurité civile, principalement comme soutien à la construction d'une représentation collective et dynamique de la situation entre expert et décideurEnvironmental and health impact assessment of accidental or intentional releases of potentially hazardous materials in the atmosphere is increasingly supported by the development of modeling tools. Their potential to assess the spatial and temporal extent and severity of toxic plumes contributes to their growing development as CBRN-E emergency support tools. However, the Fukushima nuclear accident underlined that their support is not yet optimal regarding civil security organizations in charge of population protection. This research therefore tends to clarify the role of these modelling tools in emergency management. For this purpose, interviews and observations of crisis exercises have been conducted. This study suggests that nowadays, CBRN-E emergency management takes place in a sensemaking co-constructing process between CBRN-E experts and emergency managers contributing to the achievement of consensus in the decision making process. This study also highlights the key role played by the crisis center, regarding its proper organizational structure as a sharing place between actors with complementary expertise and experience, in the perception and response to changing circumstances. Thus, this study suggests that by providing situation assessment results, modeling tools meet the current practices both in terms of emergency support tools used for civilian protection organization and in respect of each actors' contributions. In this perspective, these modelling tools are likely to end up being part of the development of crisis management support tools for building a collective representation of the CBRN-E situation between expertise and decision
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CHIKHI, MOHAMMED. « Etude par marquage radicalaire de polymere aux interfaces. Application a des situations d'ecoulement et a un support solide organique ». Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066067.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La spectroscopie de resonance paramagnetique electronique par marquage radicalaire qui constitue notre outil d'investigation est tres sensible a la dynamique microscopique des polymeres au contact d'une surface solide. Elle permet de donner une image tres precise et locale des mouvements et des configurations des chaines a l'interface. Cette technique relativement etablie pour des systemes composes d'echantillons immobiles aux proprietes physico-chimiques simples est etendue ici a des systemes sous ecoulement, souvent utiles pour la separation des proteines. Dans ce travail nous avons mis en evidence la formation de films de (poe, pdms) sur un support solide. Lorsque ce film devient mince et les forces de van der waals importantes, un polynome de troisieme degre est necessaire pour reproduire le profil d'ecoulement ce qui presente une deviation notable par rapport aux lois les plus simples de degre deux. Les silices enrobees par une couche de polymeres judicieusement choisis sont souvent utilisees comme phase stationnaire en chromatographie. Pour ces applications la connaissance des configurations des chaines au niveau moleculaire est necessaire pour la comprehension des mecanismes de la separation. Dans ce contexte, nous avons etudie l'effet du taux de greffage et de la temperature sur la conformation et la dynamique des chaines de poe greffees a l'interface silice/cyclohexane. Nous avons observe aussi. Le debobinage des pelotes statistiques sous l'influence du debit d'ecoulement du cyclohexane. Parallelement a ces supports, des supports a base de polystyrene divinylbenzene sont developpes. Les billes, recouvertes de dextrane phenoxy, sont mises en contact avec de l'eau permutee. La conformation et la mobilite des chaines de dextrane a la surface de polystyrene peuvent etre decrites par des comportements differents : trains, boucles et queues. Parmi les parametres qui peuvent modifier ces comportements, le taux de recouvrement en dextrane, le taux de phenoxy, la reticulation chimique. Nous avons demontre qu'apres stabilisation, seule la presence de l'albumine du serum bovin dans les suspensions permet de distinguer le comportement des differents echantillons. Le dextrane le plus substitue en phenoxy forme une couche impermeable qui empeche la proteine d'interagir directement avec le support.
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Kiparissoff-Bondil, Hélène. « Etude de l'adhésion aux interfaces Polypropylène/ Polyamide-6 : rôle des copolymères formés in situ en situation de recuits courts représentatifs des assemblages coextrudés ». Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066372.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’adhésion d’assemblages coextrudés Polypropylène (PP) – Polyamide 6 (PA6) renforcés par des copolymères dibloc PP/PA6 formés in situ a été étudiée en fonction des conditions d’extrusion. Nous montrons que la densité de copolymères formés à l’interface reste très inférieure à la valeur de saturation et apparaît peu sensible aux paramètres d’outillage à structure géométrique finale donnée. Les vitesses de migration des espèces réactives vers l’interface et les cinétiques de réaction de formation des copolymères en l’absence d’écoulement ont été caractérisées, ainsi que la création de surface d’interface pendant l’étirage du film lié à la coextrusion. La densité finale de copolymères dépend de ces deux paramètres. Nous montrons par ailleurs que l’adhésion dépend des conditions d’extrusion à densité de copolymères donnée. Une simulation numérique de l’étape de refroidissement permet de corréler l’adhésion et la contrainte exercée sur la section du film lors de la cristallisation.
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Sicard, Yves. « Conception et évaluation d'interfaces de conduite adaptées aux situations incidentelles : application au controle-commande d'un réacteur à eau pressurisée 900 MW ». Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10111.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette etude montre comment la prise en compte des aspects cognitifs de l'activite des operateurs en situation incidentelle permet une meilleure definition des criteres de conception des interfaces de conduite. Un simulateur du circuit de controle volumetrique (rcv) d'un reacteur pwr 900 mw est developpe. Deux imageries differentes en termes de modes de presentation de l'information et de decoupage en images sont comparees en realisant des essais en situation incidentelle avec 24 operateurs. Le protocole de ces essais permet de mettre en evidence les criteres de conception qui facilitent ou perturbent les differentes phases des diagnostics. Un pupitre classique permettant le pilotage du meme circuit est utilise comme referent pour toutes les comparaisons des performances des diagnostics incidentels
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Haddad, David, et Casper Strand. « Visual Substitutes for Audio Cues - Providing situational awareness for players with auditory disabilities ». Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20123.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Spel har förvandlats till en mainstream underhållningskälla och har utvecklats tillsammans med teknologin. Till en nivå som nyttjar en spelares alla sinnen för att fördjupa de i ett spel. Uppmärksamheten kring tillgänglighet inom spel har dock försvagats.Detta examensarbete undersöker de tillgängliga lösningarna som syftar till att hjälpa döva eller hörselskadade, främst när det gäller situationsmedvetenhet genom att ersätta ljud med en visuell representation. De i skrivande stund tillgängliga lösningarna jämförs sedan med resultaten i relaterad forskning och en undersökning som genomfördes för detta arbete. Målsättningen var att hitta vad som fungerade som en visuell representation av ljud, med undersökningssvaren som ger insikt i döva och hörselskadade individers perspektiv på lösningarna.Dessa resultat kan fungera som en referenspunkt för utvecklare som vill implementera en visuell representation av ljud eller liknande funktion i deras spel.Video Games have turned into a mainstream source of entertainment and have evolved alongside technological improvements. To the point of being able to bring the player immersive gaming experiences that rely heavily on their senses. However, the attention to the accessibility aspects of video games has been lagging behind.This thesis explores the available solutions that aim to help Deaf or Hard of Hearing (DHH) players, primarily in terms of situational awareness by substituting audio with a visual representation. The currently available solutions are then compared with the findings in related research and a survey that was conducted for this paper. The objective was to find what worked as a visual representation of audio, with the survey responses providing insight into DHH players perspective.These findings can serve as a reference point for developers who want to implement a visual substitute for audio or a similar feature intheir game.
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Bougis, Kévin. « Fluctuations et interactions en situation de nano-confinement anisotrope ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0060/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La structure et les interactions qui stabilisent des empilements lamellaires lyotropes de bicouches lipidiques "poilues" (et dépourvues de charge électrique nette) dans leur état fluide sont principalement étudiées par diffusion de rayons X aux petits angles. Les empilements lamellaires sont utilisés comme matrices hôtes afin de confiner et d’encapsuler des nano-bâtonnets d’ADN qui s’auto-assemblent en différentes structures en fonction du confinement réalisé. L’objectif fixé est de comprendre l’origine des mécanismes qui sont responsables de la formation de tels assemblages supramoléculaires. Dans ce but,on s’intéresse aux mécanismes entropiques et interfaciaux, sensibles expérimentalement à la physico-chimie du système, cette dernière affectant notamment le caractère "lié"ou "non lié" des systèmes lamellaires à haute dilution. Un modèle thermodynamique est utilisé afin d’interpréter la décroissance exponentielle "classique" observée dans les profils de pression osmotique en fonction de l’hydratation, sans faire appel à la force"d’hydratation". Une transition structurale est mise en évidence, à faible hydratation,entre deux phases lamellaires "liées". Le changement structural de la bicouche est discuté en termes de couplage entre confinements vertical et latéral. La caractérisation de la matrice lamellaire hôte autorise finalement une description des organisations des bâtonnets d’ADN qui semblent directement corrélées aux propriétés physiques des bicouches, faisant ainsi apparaître quelques perspectives pour leur encapsulation au sein "d’ognons"Structure and interactions stabilizing the lyotropic lamellar stack of (electrically-neutral)mixed "hairy" lipid bilayers in their fluid state are mainly investigated by means of small angleX-ray scattering. The lamellar stacks are used as hosts to confine and encapsulate DNA nanorods which organize themselves into different structures depending on the confinement.The challenge here is to understand the mechanisms responsible for the formation of these supramolecular assemblies. In this aim, we are interested in entropic and interfacial mechanisms which are both experimentally sensitive to the physical-chemistry of the system, changing in particular the “bound” or “unbound” character of the waters wollen systems. A thermodynamic model is then used for interpreting the “classical”exponential decay obtained in osmotic profiles as a function of hydration, without resorting to “hydration forces”. A structural transition between two different “bound” lamellar phases is brought out at low hydration. The bilayer structural changes are discussed as resulting from a coupling between lateral and vertical confinements. The lamellar host characterization finally allows a description of the DNA nanorods organizations which seem to be directly correlated to the physical properties of the bilayers, leaving some perspectives for the encapsulation inside “onions”
A estrutura e as interações, que estabilizam os empilhamentos lamelares liotrópicos dasmembranas lipídicas em seu estado fluido, são estudadas principalmente por espalhamento de raios-x a baixos ângulos. As membranas “peludas” (eletricamente neutras) são compostas de uma mistura em diversas proporções de lecitina, um fosfolipídio zwiteriônico, ede simulsol, um cotensoativo etoxilado não iônico similar a um copolímero dibloco (curto). Esses empilhamentos lamelares são utilizados como matrizes hospedeiras, com o intuito deconfinar e de encapsular nanobastões de DNA que se auto organizam em diferentes estruturas,em função do confinamento aplicado. O objetivo fixado é de compreender aorigem dos mecanismos responsáveis pela formação dessas organizações supramoleculares,não regidas pelas interações eletrostáticas. Dessa forma, nos interessamos aos mecanismos entrópicos e interfaciais, que são ligados à elasticidade membranar e às interações mais específicas que intervêm nas interfaces membrana-membrana ou DNA-membrana. Aabordagem experimental consiste em modificar os diferentes parâmetros físico-químicosda matriz hospedeira, como a hidratação do sistema, a natureza química do cotensoativo (blocos hidrofóbicos e/ou hidrofílicos) e a proporção de cotensoativo no interior da membrana.O cotensoativo tem então uma função chave para modificar os dois mecanismos,perturbando o estado “ligado” ou “não-ligado” em sistemas lamelares altamente diluídos.Um modelo termodinâmico é utilizado para interpretar o decréscimo exponencial “clássico”observado para os perfis de pressão osmótica, quando se aumenta a hidratação, semutilizar a “força de hidratação”. Uma transição estrutural é evidenciada, à baixahidratação, entre duas fases lamelares “ligadas”. A mudança estrutural da membranaé discutida graças ao acoplamento entre confinamento lateral e vertical, em analogia àconhecida transição “escova-cogumelo” induzida pelo confinamento lateral, relevante paralongos polímeros lineares funcionalizados em superfícies rígidas [10]. A caracterizaçãoda matriz lamelar hospedeira permite, finalmente, uma descrição das organizações dosbastões de DNA que parecem diretamente correlacionados com as propriedades físicasdas membranas, deixando, então, algumas perspectivas para sua encapsulação no interiorde estruturas semelhantes a ”cebolas”
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Valent, Isabela Umbuzeiro. « Fazer imagens, inventar lugares : experimentações fotográficas e audiovisuais em práticas artísticas na interface Cultura e Saúde ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-10112014-221617/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O território desta pesquisa se tece a partir de experiências acompanhadas como terapeuta ocupacional em dispositivos transversais que tocam a experiência artística com destaque para a arte contemporânea, fotografia e audiovisual e se instauram na vizinhança de práticas de saúde e/ou envolvem a presença de pessoas em situações de vulnerabilidades. Descrições e relatos dessas experiências se entrecruzam com conceitos filosóficos e referências artísticas, compondo ensaios que discutem problemáticas relativas às estratégias de participação social e cultural de pessoas que, por múltiplas questões, vivem situações de vulnerabilidades. Essa discussão contribuiu para delinear analisadores de situações de sofrimento e exclusão nos processos de subjetivação contemporâneos para além dessas populações específicas, configurando um campo problemático definido pela biopolítica enquanto regime de poder hegemônico que compõe os domínios da terapia ocupacional e da cultura, e por processos de relação com a imagem onde a prevalência da discursividade prescreve vivências blindando a possibilidade de se viver experiências. A partir da cartografia mapeou-se linhas transversais vividas de forma singular em cada experiência: a presença da câmera fotográfica e/ou audiovisual e a circulação nos diferentes espaços da cidade e da vida coletiva. As referências artísticas se constituíram por projetos cuja produção de imagens fotográficas e/ou audiovisuais envolve processos colaborativos e, as referências conceituais se constituíram no campo da filosofia, da estética e da cultura envolvendo diferentes autores, com destaque para Foucault, Bergson, Benjamin, Deleuze, Guattari, Pèlbart, Rancière, Groys, Galard e Hall. As práticas artísticas, engendradas numa determinada perspectiva, destacam-se enquanto alternativas para instaurar experimentações que possibilitam a produção de subjetividade a partir da heterogênese. Assim, esta pesquisa contribui ao conjunto de estudos interdisciplinares na interface das artes, da cultura e da produção de saúde.The territory of this research is determined by accompanied experiences of an occupational therapist in transversal devices that compose artistic experiences especially contemporary arts, photography and video and involve health practices and/or the presence of people in vulnerable situations. Descriptions and reports of these experiences are mutually crossed with philosophical concepts and artistic references, producing essays to discuss and appoint problems related to strategies of social and cultural participation of people who, by multiple issues, live in vulnerable situations. This discussion contributed to outline indicators of suffering and exclusion in contemporary subjectification processes beyond these specific populations. Facing a problematic field defined by biopolitics as an hegemonic power regime that compose the occupational therapy and culture domains, and the processes of dealing with images, the discursivity prevalence dictates experiences plating the possibility of experimentation. The cartography method was used to survey transversal lines revealed in a particular way in each experience: the presence of a camera and the circulation in different urban and collective spaces. The artistic references were built by projects that produce images and videos by collaborative processes; the conceptual references were produced in the philosophy, esthetics and culture fields and involved several authors, specially Foucault, Bergson, Benjamin, Deleuze, Guattari, Pèlbart, Rancière, Groys, Galard e Hall. The artistic practices, generated in a certain perspective, appear as alternatives to establish experimentations that allow the subjectivity production from heterogenesis. Therefore, this research is a contribution to interdisciplinary studies on arts, culture and health production interface.
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Sauzin, Damien. « Apport d'une conception centrée utilisateur adaptée selon les besoins des personnes en situation de handicap ». Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30043/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les personnes en situation de handicap moteur des membres supérieurs ont besoin de système de suppléance pour leur autonomie. Cependant 1/3 de ces aides de compensation sont abandonnées car pas encore suffisamment centrées sur les besoins et les aptitudes de l'utilisateur. La problématique centrale de cette thèse concerne la mise en œuvre d'une méthode de conception centrée utilisateur, adaptée en fonction de la population d'études (personnes en situation de handicap ayant des troubles neuro-moteurs langagiers) pour la conception de trois aides de compensation. La première concerne la commande d'un bras robotique de préhension JACO pour laquelle la conception centrée utilisateur classique a été appliquée. Celle-ci est adaptée pour les personnes pouvant s'exprimer oralement mais qu'en est-il lorsque ces personnes ne peuvent participer directement ou bien ont besoin de leurs aidants pour exprimer leurs besoins ou répondre aux questionnaires? Une alternative est de recueillir les besoins par l'intermédiaire d'experts. Nous montrerons comment la méthode de conception centrée utilisateur a été adaptée pour la conception du système HandiMathKey pour la saisie de formules Mathématiques. Notre dernière adaptation est d'utiliser l'écosystème de la personne comme médiateur pour communiquer et un profil utilisateur. Cette méthode a permis de concevoir l'interface de communication intégrée et de contrôle d'environnement nommée CECI. Nous décrirons également comment la plateforme SoKeyTo permet le prototypage des aides de compensation. Pour chacune des aides de compensation, nous rapporterons les évaluations réalisées et nous discuterons la manière dont la méthode de conception a été adaptéePeople with motor impairment of the upper limbs need an assistive technology for their autonomy. However, 1/3 of these assistive technologies are abandoned because they are not yet sufficiently focused on the needs and abilities of the user. The central problem of this thesis concerns the implementation of a user-centered design method adapted to the study population (persons with disabilities with neuro-motor language impairments) for the design of three applications. The first concerns the control of a robot arm JACO for which the classic user centered design has been applied. This is appropriate for people who can speak orally, but what if they cannot participate directly or need their caregivers to express their needs or answer questionnaires? An alternative is to gather needs through experts. We will show how the user centered design method has been adapted for the design of the HandiMathKey system for entering mathematical formulas. Our last adaptation is to use the person's ecosystem as a mediator to communicate and a user profile. This method allowed to design the integrated communication and environmental control interface named CECI. We will also describe how the SoKeyTo platform allows prototyping of assistive technologies. For each of the assistive technologies, we will report the assessments made and discuss how the design method has been adapted
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Marques, Vanessa da Silva. « Inteligência emocional e gestão de conflitos na sala de aula : interfaces razão-emoção a partir de relatos e reflexões docentes ». Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5227.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa-ação participante, que contou com a participação de nove docentes atuantes no Programa Jovem Aprendiz (PJA). Entre as referências utilizadas, destacam-se Miguel Ángel Zabalza como aporte ao uso do Diário de Aula (DA) e Daniel Goleman com a teoria da Inteligência Emocional (IE) nas relações de trabalho. Os docentes participaram de um Programa de Desenvolvimento Docente (PRODED), onde foram apresentados ao DA e convidados a registrar seus conflitos vivenciados em sala de aula. O DA é o principal instrumento de pesquisa deste estudo, que teve como objetivo analisar a IE diante de situações conflitivas na prática docente, a partir de um processo de formação-investigação. A análise de dados foi realizada com base na Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) a partir de quatro categorias a priori, sendo elas: conflitos em sala de aula, reações diante das situações conflitivas, emoções e reflexão sobre a prática. A análise revelou que a reação dos docentes diante das situações conflitivas foi de paralisação, ações imediatistas e ações ponderadas para manejar situações relacionadas aos alunos que não participaram das atividades, que desrespeitaram as regras e que foram agressivos verbalmente. A análise das categorias emoções e reflexão sobre a prática apontou que dentre as diversas emoções mencionadas pelos docentes, o medo, a tristeza e a raiva foram as emoções primárias manifestadas nas situações conflitivas. Essas situações foram relacionadas ao comportamento dos alunos, violência, risco de vida, situações onde o próprio docente percebeu-se incompetente e impotente, desesperança na mudança de comportamentos dos alunos e também por não conseguirem controlar e evitar algumas situações. A categoria reflexão sobre a prática discorreu sobre relatos dos docentes relacionados ao seu processo reflexivo, suas dificuldades e medos, e sobre suas competências, satisfações e desafios diante desta profissão. Os resultados deste estudo apontaram que a reflexão sobre a prática, a partir do uso do DA, contribui para a identificação das emoções e da releitura sobre as ações e reações dos docentes diante das situações conflitivas. Por fim, destaca-se a contribuição da Psicologia para o campo da Gestão Educacional, pois o estudo sobre as emoções e comportamento humano revela-se um grande aporte no apoio aos docentes, com a proposição do exercício sobre a reflexão da prática. Por conseguinte, a reflexão sobre a prática também estimula o autoconhecimento docente e o desenvolvimento da Inteligência Emocional para a gestão dos conflitos vivenciados em sala de aula.
This paper presents a participating research-action, counting upon the participation of nine teachers working at Young’s Apprentice Program (YAP). Among the references used we point out Miguel Angel Zabalza as a support to the usage of the class diary and Daniel Goleman with the Emotional Inteligence theory. The teachers have participated in a Teachers Development Program (PRODED), where they have been introduced to the class diary and invited to register the conflicts experienced in the classroom. The class diary (CD) is the main research instrument of the present study, which had as its main objective, analyze the teaching practice and the emotional intelligence when facing conflictive situations, starting from a process of formation – investigation through the use of the class diary. The data analysis was done based on Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) starting from four categories, being: classroom conflicts, reactions when facing conflictive situations, emotions and reflections about the practice. The analysis of the classroom conflicts and reactions when facing conflictive situations revealed the teachers are presenting paralisation, imediatist actions and ponderate actions to manage situations related to the students which not participate on the activities, disrespect the rules and are verbally aggressive. The analysis of the categories emotions and reflections about the practice, pointed out that among the several emotions mentioned by the teachers, fear, sadness and anger were the primary emotions they manifested in the conflictive situations. Those situations were related to the student´s behavior, violence, life risk, i.e., situations where the teachers felt impotent, incompetent, hopeless in changing student´s behavior and also because they can´t control and avoid some situations. The category reflection about the practice discussed about the teacher´s reports related to their reflexive process, difficulties and fears and about their competences, satisfaction and challenges of this profession. The results of this study, shown the reflection about the practice, starting from the use of the CD contribute for the identification of the emotions and the re-reading about the teacher’s actions and reactions facing conflictive situations. Finally, we point out the contribution of the psychology for Educational Management field, since the study of the emotions and human behavior reveal as being of a big contribution to support the teachers, proposing the exercise about practice reflection. Consequently, the reflection about the practice also stimulates the teachers self knowledge and the development the emotional intelligence for managing the classroom conflicts.
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Roche, Amelie. « Proposition d'une méthode de conception systémique d'interface homme-système adaptée aux situations de multihandicap ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0272/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans le domaine de la conception d’Interfaces Homme-Système (IHS), un des concepts clés est celui de la Conception Centrée Utilisateurs (CCU), qui place les utilisateurs au centre de la démarche. Bien que cette démarche constitue une avancée considérable pour proposer des solutions qui répondent aux besoins et aux attentes des utilisateurs finaux, elle n’est pas totalement adaptée lorsque ces derniers présentent des déficiences multiples. Egalement, malgré les bénéfices de la CCU, il est constaté que les concepteurs demeurent peu nombreux à appliquer cette démarche, l’utilisation d’approches plus classiques restant encore dominante. Les concepteurs sont peu sensibilisés à la prise en compte des utilisateurs finaux, encore moins lorsque ceux-ci présentent des déficiences.Face à ces constats, notre travail s’est articulé selon deux axes réalisés en parallèle. Nous avons élaboré et formalisé une méthode de conception systémique d’IHS : AMICAS (Approche Méthodologique Innovante de Conception Adaptée Systémique), afin de permettre la conception d’outils et services adaptés aux utilisateurs finaux, quelles que soient leurs spécificités. Cette méthode a été testée auprès d’enfants en situation de multihandicap dans un contexte scolaire et de personnes âgées en institution. En parallèle, nous avons élaboré un système d’aide à la décision, à destination des concepteurs d’IHS, afin de les sensibiliser à la prise en compte des utilisateurs finaux et de leurs déficiences dans les démarches de conception. Au regard des résultats obtenus, nous proposons en synthèse une version améliorée de la méthode de conception AMICAS et une mise en ligne de notre système d’aideIn the field of Human-System Interface (HSI) design, one key concept is the User-Centred Design (UCD), an approach that considers the user as the centre of the design process. Although this approach is a significant advance to provide solutions that meets the needs and expectations of end-users, it is not totally suitable for end-users with multiple disabilities. Moreover, despite the benefits of the UCD, only few designers apply this approach. The use of standard approaches remains dominant. There is a general lack of awareness among designers on how take account of end-users, even less when the end-users have multiples disabilities.In view of these observations, our work has been structured to two main axes, conducted in parallel. We have elaborated and formalized design method of HSI, named AMICAS (Innovative Methodological Approach of Adapted Systemic Design), in order to design tools or services adapted for users, whatever their disabilities are. This method has been tested to children with multiple disabilities in educational context and with elderly in care homes. Also, we have developed a decision support tool. The purpose of this tool is to help designers to take into account end-users and their disabilities into the design stage. Based on the results, we suggest in synthesizing an improved version of AMICAS and we have published the decision support tool online
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Alm, Torbjörn. « Simulator-Based Design : Methodology and vehicle display application ». Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell arbetsvetenskap, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8465.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Human-in-the-loop simulators have long been used in the research community as well as in industry. The aviation field has been the pioneers in the use of simulators for design purposes. In contrast, corresponding activities in the automotive area have been less widespread. Published reports on experimental activities based on human-in-the-loop simulations have focused on methods used in the study, but nobody seems to have taken a step back and looked at the wider methodological picture of Simulator-Based Design. The purpose of this thesis is to fill this gap by drawing, in part, upon the author’s long experience in this field. In aircraft and lately also in ground vehicles there has been a technology shift from pure mechanics to computer-based systems. The physical interface has turned into screen-based solutions. This trend towards glass has just begun for ground vehicles. This development in vehicle technology has opened the door for new design approaches, not only for design itself, but also for the development process. Simulator-Based Design (SBD) is very compatible with this trend. The first part of this thesis proposes a structure for the process of SBD and links it to the corresponding methodology for software design. In the second part of the thesis the focus changes from methodology to application and specifically to the design of three-dimensional situation displays. Such displays are supposed to support the human operator with a view of a situation beyond the more or less limited visual range. In the aircraft application interest focuses on the surrounding air traffic in the light of the evolving free-flight concept, where responsibility for separation between aircraft will be (partly) transferred from ground-based flight controllers to air crews. This new responsibility must be supported by new technology and the situational view must be displayed from the perspective of the aircraft. Some basic design questions for such 3D displays were investigated resulting in an adaptive interface approach, where the current situation and task govern the details of information presentation. The thesis also discusses work on situation displays for ground vehicles. The most prominent example may be the Night Vision system, where the road situation ahead is depicted on a screen in the cab. The existing systems are based on continuous presentation, an approach that we have questioned, since there is strong evidence for negative behavioral adaptation. This means, for example, that the driver will drive faster, since vision has been enhanced, and thereby consume the safety margins that the system was supposed to deliver. Our investigation supports a situation-dependant approach and no continuous presentation. In conclusion, the results from our simulator-based studies showed advantages for adaptive interface solutions. Such design concepts are much more complicated than traditional static interfaces. This finding emphasizes the need for more dynamic design resources in order to have a complete understanding of the situation-related interface changes. The use of human-in-the-loop simulators and deployment of Simulator-Based Design will satisfy this need.
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Phan, Minh Tien. « Estimation of driver awareness of pedestrian for an augmented reality advanced driving assistance system ». Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2280/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La réalité augmentée (Augmented Reality ou AR) peut potentiellement changer significativement l’expérience utilisateur. Au contraire les applications sur Smartphone ou tablette, les technologies d’affichage tête haute (Head Up Display ouHUD) aujourd’hui sont capables de projeter localement sur une zone du pare-brise ou globalement sur tout le pare-brise. Le conducteur peut alors percevoir l’information directement dans son champ de vision. Ce ne sont pas que les informations basiques comme vitesse ou navigation, le système peut aussi afficher des aides, des indicateurs qui guident l’attention du conducteur vers les dangers possibles. Il existe alors un chalenge scientifique qui est de concevoir des visualisations d’interactions qui s’adaptent en fonction de l’observation de la scène mais aussi en fonction de l’observation du conducteur. Dans le contexte des systèmes d’alerte de collision avec les piétons (Pedestrian Collision Warning System ou PCWS), l’efficacité de la détection du piéton a atteint un niveau élevé grâce à la technologie de vision. Pourtant, les systèmes d’alerte ne s’adaptent pas au conducteur et à la situation, ils deviennent alors une source de distraction et sont souvent négligés par le conducteur. Pour ces raisons, ce travail de thèse consiste à proposer un nouveau concept de PCWS avec l’AR (nommé the AR-PCW system). Premièrement, nous nous concentrons sur l’étude de la conscience de la situation (Situation Awareness ou SA) du conducteur lorsqu’il y a un piéton présent devant le véhicule. Nous proposons une approche expérimentale pour collecter les données qui représentent l’attention du conducteur vis-à-vis du piéton (Driver Awareness of Pedestrian ou DAP) et l’inattention du conducteur vis-à-vis de celui-ci (Driver Unawareness of Pedestrian ou DUP). Ensuite, les algorithmes basées sur les charactéristiques, les modèles d’apprentissage basés sur les modèles discriminants (ex, Support Vector Machine ou SVM) ou génératifs (Hidden Markov Model ou HMM) sont proposés pour estimer le DUP et le DAP. La décision de notre AR-PCW system est effectivement basée sur ce modèle. Deuxièmement, nous proposons les aides ARs pour améliorer le DAP après une étude de l’état de l’art sur les ARs dans le contexte de la conduite automobile. La boite englobante autour du piéton et le panneau d’alerte de danger sont utilisés. Finalement, nous étudions expérimentalement notre système AR-PCW en analysant les effets des aides AR sur le conducteur. Un simulateur de conduite est utilisé et la simulation d’une zone HUD dans la scène virtuelle sont proposés. Vingt-cinq conducteurs de 2 ans de permis de conduite ont participé à l’expérimentation. Les situations ambigües sont créées dans le scénario de conduite afin d’analyser le DAP. Le conducteur doit suivre un véhicule et les piétons apparaissent à différents moments. L’effet des aides AR sur le conducteur est analysé à travers ses performances à réaliser la tâche de poursuite et ses réactions qui engendrent le DAP. Les résultats objectifs et subjectifs montrent que les aides AR sont capables d’améliorer le DAP défini en trois niveaux : perception, vigilance et anticipation. Ce travail de thèse a été financé sur une bourse ministère et a été réalisé dans le cadre des projets FUI18 SERA et Labex MS2T qui sont financé par le Gouvernement Français, à travers le programme « Investissement pour l’avenir » géré par le ANR (Référence ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02)Augmented reality (AR) can potentially change the driver’s user experience in significant ways. In contrast of the AR applications on smart phones or tablets, the Head-Up-Displays (HUD) technology based on a part or all wind-shield project information directly into the field of vision, so the driver does not have to look down at the instrument which maybe causes to the time-critical event misses. Until now, the HUD designers try to show not only basic information such as speed and navigation commands but also the aids and the annotations that help the driver to see potential dangers. However, what should be displayed and when it has to be displayed are still always the questions in critical driving context. In another context, the pedestrian safety becomes a serious society problem when half of traffic accidents around the world are among pedestrians and cyclists. Several advanced Pedestrian Collision Warning Systems (PCWS) have been proposed to detect pedestrians using the on-board sensors and to inform the driver of their presences. However, most of these systems do not adapt to the driver’s state and can become extremely distracting and annoying when they detect pedestrian. For those reasons, this thesis focuses on proposing a new concept for the PCWS using AR (so called the AR-PCW system). Firstly, for the «When» question, the display decision has to take into account the driver’s states and the critical situations. Therefore, we investigate the modelisation of the driver’s awareness of a pedestrian (DAP) and the driver’s unawareness of a pedestrian (DUP). In order to do that, an experimental approach is proposed to observe and to collect the driving data that present the DAP and the DUP. Then, the feature-based algorithms, the data-driven models based on the discriminative models (e.g. Support Vector Machine) or the generative models (e.g. Hidden Markov Model) are proposed to recognize the DAP and the DUP. Secondly, for the «What» question, our proposition is inspired by the state-of-the-art on the AR in the driving context. The dynamic bounding-box surrounding the pedestrian and the static danger panel are used as the visual aids. Finally, in this thesis, we study experimentally the benefits and the costs of the proposed AR-PCW system and the effects of the aids on the driver. A fixed-based driving simulator is used. A limited display zone on screen is proposed to simulate the HUD. Twenty five healthy middle-aged licensed drivers in ambiguous driving scenarios are explored. Indeed, the heading-car following is used as the main driving task whereas twenty three pedestrians appear in the circuit at different moment and with different behaviors. The car-follow task performance and the awareness of pedestrian are then accessed through the driver actions. The objective results as well as the subjective results show that the visual aids can enhance the driver’s awareness of a pedestrian which is defined with three levels: perception, vigilance and anticipation. This work has been funded by a Ministry scholarship and was carried out in the framework of the FUI18 SERA project, and the Labex MS2T which is funded by the French Government, through the program ”Investments for the future” managed by the National Agency for Research (Reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02)
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Van, Box Som Annick. « Des sciences humaines aux sciences de l’ingénieur : comportements humains, activités finalisées et conception de systèmes d’assistance à la conduite de véhicules industriels ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20105/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La conduite d’un véhicule industriel est une activité professionnelle complexe qui s’exerce dans un environnement dynamique en constante évolution. Elle nécessite un apprentissage spécifique et se situe dans un cadre réglementaire strict, qui relève aussi bien du code du travail que de la réglementation routière. A ces caractéristiques s’ajoutent de fortes contraintes spatio-temporelles qui imposent aux conducteurs le recours à des stratégies opératoires pour répondre à l’objectif principal de leur activité : le respect des délais de livraison dans des conditions optimales de sécurité, de sûreté et de productivité.Cette thèse traite de l'apport de la psychologie cognitive à la conception de systèmes d'assistance à la conduite de véhicules industriels. Les travaux sont destinés à intégrer, dès la conception des nouveaux systèmes, les contraintes du fonctionnement cognitif humain en situation réelle, ainsi que les besoins et attentes des conducteurs, afin que leur soient proposées des solutions technologiques adaptées et utilisables.La partie appliquée illustre deux dimensions majeures de l'activité de conduite d'un camion : la productivité, au travers de la problématique de l'assistance à l'éco-conduite (projet Conduite Economique Assistée, ADEME- RENAULT TRUCKS) ; la sécurité, au travers de la problématique de l'assistance à la détection et à la protection des usagers vulnérables de la route (projet VIVRE2, ANR-PREDIT05-LUTB).D’un point de vue scientifique, la thèse aboutit à la proposition d’un modèle du fonctionnement humain dans les activités finalisées, complété par un modèle adapté à l’activité de conduite d’un véhicule industriel. Les analyses effectuées en situations réelles enrichissent les connaissances, d’une part, sur les stratégies de conduite appliquées à la conduite rationnelle d’un poids lourd en environnement extra-urbain, et, d’autre part, sur les composantes de l’activité des conducteurs qui effectuent des livraisons en milieu urbain. De plus, les travaux effectués dans le cadre du projet VIVRE2 ont permis de préciser les représentations et les comportements à risque des usagers vulnérables vis-à-vis des camions en ville.D’un point de vue applicatif et ergonomique, les travaux sur simulateur dynamique de conduite ont permis l’évaluation d’une interface homme-machine innovante qui pourrait être adaptée à l’éco-conduite, ainsi que la proposition et l’évaluation de systèmes d’assistance pour garantir la sécurité des usagers vulnérables lors des manœuvres à basse vitesse en milieu urbainDriving a truck is a complex professional activity that takes place in a dynamic and constant changing environment. It needs a specific learning and it is set in a strict regulated framework including French labour code (Code du travail) as road regulation. Strong spatio-temporal pressure should be added to those characteristics. These constraints entail to drivers the use of operative strategies to achieve the main objective of their activity: respect of delivery time in optimal conditions of safety, security and productivity.This thesis deals with the contribution of cognitive psychology to the design of driving assistance systems for trucks. Works are intended to integrate, from the design of new systems, the demands of human cognitive functioning in real situation and the needs and expectations of drivers so that adapted and usable technological solutions could be proposed to them.Applied part shows two major dimensions of truck driving activity: productivity through the issue of the eco-driving assistance (“Conduite Economique Assistée, ADEME- RENAULT TRUCKS” project) and safety through the issue of the assistance to detection and protection of vulnerable road users (“VIVRE2, ANR-PREDIT05-LUTB” project).From a scientific point of view, the thesis ends with a proposal of a model of human functioning in finalized activities, of which is added an adapted model of the truck driving activity. The analysis performed in real environment enhance knowledge, on the one hand, on the applied driving strategies to the eco-driving of a truck in extra-urban environment and, on the other hand, on the components of the activity of drivers doing deliveries in urban environment. Moreover, works performed in VIVRE2 project allowed to specify representations and risky behaviours of vulnerable users with relation to trucks in town.From an applicative and ergonomic point of view, works on driving dynamic simulator allowed the evaluation of an innovative man-machine interface which could be adapted to eco-driving and the proposal as well as the evaluation of assistance systems to guarantee safety of vulnerable users during low speed manoeuvres in urban environment
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Huang, Chen-Yi, et 黃禎頤. « A Study of Optimum Interface of Navigation in Automobile for Different Road Situation ». Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99764174154475914033.
Texte intégralRésumé :
碩士大同大學
工業設計學系(所)
97
With driving simulator as the tool, the researcher explores graphic interfaces of navigation system in the market. The purpose is to enhance correct driving turning and reduce driving load for higher driving safety. Based on the navigation system in the market between 2008 and 2009, elements of affecting interface are investigated. Independent variables: six road conditions (going down from bridge rapidly from the roads, turning right on major/secondary roads, turning left on major/secondary roads, going up the bridge from major/secondary roads, turning right on service roads, and turning left on service roads); reciprocal interface of two directions (large and small icons); three simulation pictures (none, half picture and full picture) and distance between appearance of two simulation pictures in meters (road speed per hour *2.5 seconds, when car speed per hour *2.5 second). Under most of road conditions, reciprocal interface of large direction is better than that of small direction; driving accuracy with simulation pictures is higher than that without; appearance timing of simulation pictures adjusted to car speed is better than that to road speed limit.
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CHEN, YI-LANG, et 陳義郎. « The Situation and Interface Study of Campus Mobile Navigation - Based on Active Service ». Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47209846509751728468.
Texte intégralRésumé :
碩士國立臺中教育大學
數位內容科技學系碩士班
95
This research is aimed at treating of the navigation situation and interface research resulted from combining the three concepts:“Active Service”,“Theory of Situation Study”and“Campus Mobile Navigation”. The research is first commenced with a literature review, combining the “Active Service” and “Theory of Situation Study” into the study concept for "campus mobile navigation" which is conferred with the situation by means of the“scenarios”, constructing the prototype of situation interface for the“Campus Mobile Navigation” based on the active service. Then it treats of the two factors affecting the navigation behavior under the situation interface: “Degree of Freedom and contents. We thoroughly understand the navigation results of the learner in operating the navigation interface by analyzing the correlation of the two factors. The subjects of this research are the sixth grade students in the primary school in Taiwan. By researching the data, I have designed 9 experimental groups to complete the experiment. The data colleted from the experiment include the records of the time, question answered scores, subjective feeling, etc. The research data analyzed include the navigation efficiency, question answered validity, navigation results and subjective feelings for the navigation interface of the subjects. The results of the research show the navigation situation combined with three concepts, may act as assistant to reference for causing students of the primary school to recognize the curriculums of campus activities and interface design of navigation. The control degree of the navigation interface is namely the degree of freedom, which is a main fact affecting the navigation efficiency. Both the contents and degree of freedom will have a correlative influence on the question answered validity but will not differ in the navigation efficacies with different contents and degrees of freedom in the experimental design interfaces of various groups. As for the appraisal on the navigation interface, the schoolchildren will be given appraisals of higher satisfaction for the design of the row spacing above 10pt and the navigation design of higher degree of freedom.
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Corujeira, José Gouveia Pereira. « A situation awareness interface for a bi-wheeled industrial hovercraft : design, development and evaluation ». Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/332.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The intention of this thesis is to develop a prototype interface that enables an operator to control a bi-wheeled industrial hovercraft that will work within a fusion power plant if the automation system fails. This fusion power plant is part of the ITER project a conjoint effort of various industrialized countries to develop cleaner sources of energy.
The development of the interface prototype will be based on situation awareness concepts, which provide a means to understand how human operators perceive the world around, then process that information and make decisions based on the knowledge that they already have and the projected knowledge of the reactions that will occur in the world in response to the actions the operator makes. Two major situation awareness methods will be used, GDTA as a means to discover the requirements the interface needs to solve, and SAGAT to conduct the evaluation on the three interfaces. This technique can isolate the differences an operator has in situation awareness when presented with relevant information given by each of the three interfaces that were built for this thesis. Where the first interface presents the information within the operator’s focal point of view in a pictorial style, the second interface shows the same information within the same point of view has the first interface but only shows it in a textual manner. While the third interface shows the relevant information in the operator’s peripheral field of view. Also SAGAT can provide insight on the question to know if providing the operator with feed-forward information about the stoppage distances of the bi-wheeled industrial hovercraft has any effect on the operator’s decision making.Universidade da Madeira
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WANG, CING-HUEI, et 王清輝. « Use Single Management Web Interface to Control Virtual Machines and Containers in Teaching Situation ». Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3958qd.
Texte intégralRésumé :
碩士崑山科技大學
資訊工程研究所
107
In recent years, the information technology industry employing server’s virtualization technology to increase the usage of server’s resources and reduce practical quantities of server’s establishments. Traditionally, the operation of virtual machine which using complete operation system to manage flexible dispatch function of cloud computation. In the process the usage of the whole operation system could induce waste of practical hardware resources. The virtualization technology, Container, which came up with the idea of trying to sort out the problem of wasting hardware resources. The Container technology could apply thin systems which started up many more services. There were two kinds of virtualization management software. One was virtual machine management software, and the other was Container’s cloud application. There neither had integrated management interface consist of two virtualization technologies, nor specific application on teaching environment. In this research we utilized oVirt virtual machine management software to achieve managing virtual machine and Container’s virtualization technology at the same time and applying to teaching environment. We applied the UI Plugin function, one component of oVirt, to integrate Kubernetes for Container management. Furthermore, under highly loading circumstances over all systems we added dynamic virtual machine resources restriction mechanism upon virtual machines to proceed resources restrictions in order to enable the entire system could stably in operation. On the other hand, we developed course management mechanism which allowed teachers and administrators could choose adequate virtualization technology according to individual attribute of courses under the unified operational interface. We produced exclusive student-end operation interface which students could actively manage their own virtual curriculum. Two servers with over 64G memories could successfully accomplish the operation which needed 60 virtual machine’s course. However, in simple database course we could largely bring down the loss of resources while we used Container mechanism to deal with. The contribution of this study was one single management interface associated virtual machine with Container to improve teaching environment.