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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Integrated Early Warning Systems »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Integrated Early Warning Systems"

Hürster, Walter, Thomas Wilbois et Fernando Chaves. « An Integrated Systems Approach for Early Warning and Risk Management Systems ». International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach 3, n^o 2 (juillet 2010) : 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitsa.2010070104.

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An integrated and interdisciplinary approach to Early Warning and Risk Management is described in this paper as well as the general technical implementation of Early Warning and Risk Management Systems. Based on this systems approach, a concept has been developed for the design of an Integrated System for Coastal Protection. In addition to this, as a prototype implementation of a modern environmental monitoring and surveillance system, a system for the Remote Monitoring of Nuclear Power Plants is presented here in more detail, including a Web Portal to allow for public access. The concept, the architectural design and the user interface of Early Warning and Risk Management Systems have to meet high demands. It is shown that only a close cooperation of all related disciplines and an integrated systems approach is able to fulfil the catalogue of requirements and to provide a suitable solution for environmental monitoring and surveillance, for early warning and for emergency management.

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Barla, M., et F. Antolini. « An integrated methodology for landslides’ early warning systems ». Landslides 13, n^o 2 (24 février 2015) : 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-015-0563-8.

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Waidyanatha, Nuwan. « Towards a typology of integrated functional early warning systems ». International Journal of Critical Infrastructures 6, n^o 1 (2010) : 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcis.2010.029575.

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Amato, Laura, Maria Dente, Paolo Calistri et Silvia Declich. « Integrated Early Warning Surveillance : Achilles′ Heel of One Health ? » Microorganisms 8, n^o 1 (8 janvier 2020) : 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010084.

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Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses indicate the importance of the One Health (OH) approach for early warning. At present, even when surveillance data are available, they are infrequently timeously shared between the health sectors. In the context of the MediLabSecure (MLS) Project, we investigated the collection of a set of surveillance indicators able to provide data for the implementation of integrated early warning systems in the 22 MLS countries of the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sahel regions. We used an online questionnaire (covering vector, human, and animal sectors), focusing on seven relevant arboviruses, that was submitted to 110 officially appointed experts. Results showed that West Nile virus was perceived as the most relevant zoonotic pathogen, while Dengue virus was the most relevant non-zoonotic pathogen in the study area. Data collection of early warning indicators is in place at a different level for all the investigated pathogens and in almost all the MLS Countries. Further assessments on the reliability of the collection in place and on the feasibility of piloting an integrated early warning system for arbovirus could verify if integrated early warning really represents the Achilles’ heel of OH.

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Sirenko, Anatolii P. « The early warning systems about landslide hazards in Ukraine ». Environmental safety and natural resources 37, n^o 1 (2 avril 2021) : 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.1.83-94.

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Early warning systems are an effective tool for preventing and mitigating the risks associated with the occurrences of various types of threats (including landslides). The paper presents and describes the concept and practical implementation of the new integrated methodology for early warning systems based on the integration of modern monitoring technologies and comprehensive numerical modeling of an object under study. Designing, testing and operation of monitoring systems of complex and unique construction objects have a lot of difficulties, need system knowledge in several spheres of science and engineering: construction, informational technologies, measuring instruments, systems and algorithms of data processing, programming etc. This information is known only to narrow range of highly qualified specialists that directly participated in designing and installing of the particular monitoring system at the particular construction object. The basic concept of Early Warning System installed on landslides is that the elements at risk, especially people being close from the dangerous area, must have sufficient time to evacuate, if an imminent collapse is expected. Therefore, an effective Early Warning System shall include such four main sets of actions: monitoring of the activity of the observed object, i.e. the data collection and transmission, as well as the equipment maintenance; the analysis and modeling of the observed and studied object; warning, i.e. the dissemination of simple and clear information about the observed object; the effective response of risk exposed elements; full understanding of risks. The examples of the practical application of the proposed integrated methodology to various construction projects and natural and technological systems are given, including 1) Central Livadia Landslide System and Livadia Palace; 2) a system for landslide hazard areas monitoring in the Kharkiv region; and 3) landslides Early Warning System using unmanned aerial vehicles as a specialized monitoring system for shearing deformations.

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Fathani, Teuku Faisal, Dwikorita Karnawati et Wahyu Wilopo. « An integrated methodology to develop a standard for landslide early warning systems ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, n^o 9 (14 septembre 2016) : 2123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2123-2016.

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Abstract. Landslides are one of the most widespread and commonly occurring natural hazards. In regions of high vulnerability, these complex hazards can cause significant negative social and economic impacts. Considering the worldwide susceptibility to landslides, it is necessary to establish a standard for early warning systems specific to landslide disaster risk reduction. This standard would provide guidance in conducting landslide detection, prediction, interpretation, and response. This paper proposes a new standard consisting of seven sub-systems for landslide early warning. These include risk assessment and mapping, dissemination and communication, establishment of the disaster preparedness and response team, development of an evacuation map, standardized operating procedures, installation of monitoring and warning services, and the building of local commitment to the operation and maintenance of the entire program. This paper details the global standard with an example of its application from Central Java, one of 20 landslide-prone provinces in Indonesia that have used this standard since 2012.

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Bhimjee, Diptes C. P. « Adaptive Early Warning Systems : An Axiomatic Approach ». Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 11, n^o 2 (30 avril 2022) : 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2022-0017.

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Abstract The U.S. Subprime Crisis and the subsequent Great Recession have highlighted a renewed interest in the proper design and implementation of Early Warning Systems (E.W.S.), in order to help deter the onset of subsequent extreme financial events, through the implementation of adequate crisis detection mechanisms. The present article describes the Adaptive Early Warning Systems (A.E.W.S.) axiomatic approach, as a natural operational extension to E.W.S. testing. This novel protocol upholds the operational dimension of implementing an efficient holistic crisis detection mechanism, a domain which has been hitherto overlooked by the E.W.S. literature. The paper first describes the major axiomatic principles sustaining the A.E.W.S. protocol, which seek to establish universal principles in support of the said protocol. Second, the article also describes a basic universal template for an A.E.W.S. surveillance platform, which duly describes how multiple testing procedures can be integrated into a single crisis detection framework, while targeting multiple segments of the financial markets (such as the conventional and non-conventional segments of the financial markets). Third, the paper also describes the major advantages and disadvantages associated with the implementation of this novel protocol. It is hoped that the effective implementation of the A.E.W.S. protocol as a novel operational framework in the global macroprudential toolkit might help deter the onset of future extreme financial events, by enabling a greater cohesiveness in E.W.S.-related central banking procedures, as well as promoting a greater international central banking cooperation prior to and during financial distress episodes.

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Lendholt, Matthias. « Towards an Integrated Information Logistics for Multi Hazard Early Warning Systems ». Open Environmental Engineering Journal 5, n^o 1 (29 mai 2012) : 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874829501205010027.

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PL, Ortiz Bulto. « Cuban Approaches to Climate and Health Studies in Tropics Early Warning System and Learned Lessons ». Virology & ; Immunology Journal 5, n^o 3 (2 août 2021) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000282.

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Infectious diseases are sensitive to variations and climate change, causing impacts on health systems in the countries. Current climatic conditions favor the appearance of outbreaks and the circulation of new viruses such as SARS COV2. To alert such dangers, the creation of specialized warning systems for the health sector from climatic conditions is currently a global priority. This requires intense collaboration between medical and environmental communication, with new work approaches and methods for forecasting, using integrated climatic and epidemiological information. The objective of this publication is to show the advances and experience of Cuban research and projections, in terms of approaches and methodological procedures for the studies of the relationships between climate and health for forecasting purposes. An Early Warning System for infectious diseases and their causative agents was created. This warning system strengthens the health sector surveillance system for decision-making

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Lin, Pei-Yang. « A successful approach to earthquake early warning systems ». Impact 2019, n^o 9 (20 décembre 2019) : 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2019.9.18.

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The goal of an earthquake early warning system (EEW) is to identify where and when an earthquake has occurred and then warn those in danger. We think of earthquakes as happening instantaneously but from the detection of the initial event there is time until the effects are noticed. An early warning of even 6 to 19 seconds could allow sensitive infrastructure like factories or power plants to enact automated precautions, reducing damage and allowing for quicker recovery. Warnings of 30 seconds could prevent 95 per cent of potential mortalities in some large cities. It is exactly these crucial seconds that Lin is trying to provide. His team's work centres on developing an integrated EEW for Taiwan which, once proven effective, to help bring this system to other countries who live with the threat of seismic activity.<br/> The EEW developed by Lin works through detecting the seismic waves that earthquakes produce. When an earthquake strikes the ground shakes, this creates seismic waves that move through the earth. These waves, exactly like a ripple in a pond, move out from the epicentre. The first wave, known as the primary wave is low intensity and will not affect structures significantly. The secondary wave however arrives a bit later and causes the intense shaking, damage and casualties. "The goal of the system is to deploy onsite Earthquake Early Waring System(EEWS) to detect the seismic waves and provide warning for the neighborhoods," explains Lin. The regional detectors and EEWS can be deployed to monitor a whole country.<br/> For traditional regional EEWS,like Japan,once a wave is detected the information is sent to a central server which determines the epicentre of the quake, the magnitude of the earthquake and the peak ground acceleration, an important measure of earthquake intensity. "With these measurements the server can then predict where peak ground acceleration will exceed thresholds likely to cause damage and send the alarm," says Lin. The whole process takes only about 15 seconds, which is extremely valuable time for those further away from the epicentre, but because the wave can move up to 90km within these 15 seconds there is a blind spot of about 90km in the regional Earthquake Early Waring System. Lin points out that a blind spot of this size may be fine for some regions. "In Japan the epicentre of the typical hazardous earthquake is in the east sea bed about 100km from the shore but for Taiwan the epicentres are typically below a city. Therefore Lin has developed an integrated approach combining the regional EEW with onsite EEW. The onsite EEWS are installed in cities and monitor local seismic activity. They can predict peak ground acceleration for local area from the primary wave within 1 to 3 seconds and reduce the blind spot to 20 or 30km. Each system has its advantages and disadvantages but integration provides maximum coverage.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Integrated Early Warning Systems"

GARCIA, LONDONO CAROLINA. « Mountain risk management : integrated people centred early warning system (IEWS) as a risk reduction strategy, Northern Italy ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19795.

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A methodology to integrate early warning systems and emergency plans has been elaborated in the framework of the European project Mountain Risks. This methodology, focused on prevention as a key element for disaster risk reduction, was partially applied in the Mountain Consortium of Municipalities Valtellina di Tirano, northern Italy, an area recurrently affected by several mountain hazards. Results indicate that in the study zone, several valuable risk reduction efforts have been made in the past, including the development of a comprehensive emergency plan. However the tendency is still to direct efforts towards emergency response rather than prevention. Taking into account the current state of disaster management and risk reduction initiatives in the study area, it was decided that the methodology that best fits the present conditions would be a non structural approach, such as an Integrated People Centred Early Warning System (IEWS). The aim of the IEWS is not only to increase the level of awareness and preparedness of the community and decrease its vulnerability, but also to strengthen institutional collaboration, in particular at the local level, in order to assure sustainability of the efforts in the long term. All the EWS (Early Warning System) components are present in the study area, but they display several shortcomings, are individually developed, have little structure and are poorly linked. This lack of integration of the components may render these EWS efforts ineffective. To alleviate this, several actions are proposed to integrate the different risk management strategies into an IEWS (Integrated community based Early Warning System) with a interdisciplinary approach. In addition, in order to create a comprehensive disaster management plan it is necessary to combine those IEWS strategies with the emergency plan already existing in the study area. This thesis presents some results derived from the process of designing and initially implementing an IEWS. However, more work is necessary to complete the implementation of a sustainable IEWS at Valtellina di Tirano. The design of the IEWS involved several phases, including hazard and risk assessment, analysis of the legal framework and also the application of an extensive social survey to evaluate the levels of perceived risk, awareness, preparedness and information needs of the community. The IEWS also includes the development of educational activities to increase preparedness. These activities were designed by an multidisciplinary group composed of scientists, local leaders and local authorities based on the results of the survey. The activities include an education and communication campaign addressed to the local community and practitioner stakeholders. Results of the survey show that, despite having good knowledge of previous flooding and mass movements, the population of the study area have low levels of perceived risks and preparedness. However, the population also is interested in being informed about natural hazards, mitigation activities, risk management and emergency procedures. People express willingness to participate in communication campaigns to learn how to be better prepared to react in case of a future event. This include learning about appropriate mitigation activities they can perform themselves to be less vulnerable. The presented thesis also includes a conceptual contribution which describes some of the difficulties and challenges of developing integrated risk reduction strategies with a multidisciplinary approach, together with some recommendations to overcome them and to improve the current risk management situation of the study area.

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Al, Hmoudi Abdulla. « Developing a framework for integrated community-centered early warning system to enhance disaster resilience in UAE ». Thesis, University of Salford, 2016. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/38879/.

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The impacts and costs of natural disasters on people, properties and environment is often severe when they occur on a large scale or when not prepared for. Factors such as impacts of climate change, urban growth, poor planning to mention a few, have continued to significantly increase the frequencies and impacts of natural disasters across the world, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) inclusive. While the frequencies of natural disasters might not be controlled easily, the need for more effective early warning systems has become highly important. In recent years, existing researches and international organisations such as the United Nations (UN) have identified lack of Early Warning System (EWS) and the lack of integrated approach to disaster response as one of the reasons many deaths occur when natural disasters happen especially in developing countries. For instance, some communities in the (UAE) have suffered the impact of natural disasters in recent years due to lack of EWS deployment and lack of community knowledge of risks of natural disasters. These problems emphasises the importance of this research which aims to decrease the vulnerability of communities in the Emirates by developing a framework for integrated early warning systems in community in order to increase response capabilities against the risk of natural disasters in the United Arab Emirates. This research used case study, semi-structure interview and questionnaire techniques to investigate deployment of EWS and current practice of EWS in the emirates of Abu Dhabi and Fujairah. The effectiveness of the EWS in the UAE was evaluated international best practice in EWS and ten principles which guides EWS deployment in seven countries. While this influenced the collection of secondary data, it also influenced the collection of primary data through semi-structured interviews with 12 strategic officers from organisations involved emergency, crisis and disaster management in the UAE from the Emirates of Fujairah and Abu Dhabi. Questionnaires were also administered to a total of 1,080 respondents from the two emirates. The research outcomes show that EWS in Abu Dhabi and Fujairah lacked the essential elements of EWS. The results also emphasised the need to promptly develop the specific elements which are lacking and to improve the ones which were ineffective. The conclusion of this research have emphasised that community-centred EWS can be applied in the UAE, but can only be effectively applied by using the framework developed in this research which captures areas for further development and areas of improvement.

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Ferreira, Nogueira Douglas. « Mobile-Based Early WarningSystems in Mozambique. : An exploratory study on the viability to integrate Cell Broadcast into disaster mitigation routines ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-378978.

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Mozambique is one of the countries most affected by natural hazards in the world. Therefore it can benefit greatly from enhancements on its early warning system. Cell broadcast, which is a technology able to send simultaneous alert messages to all mobile phones in a geographical area has gained attention of emergency authorities since various catastrophes in the years 2000’s and increasing diffusion of the mobile network. This research has looked into the disaster risk management routines in Mozambique, interviewing relevant institutions, to identify the currently in use early warning system and analyze the circuit of information from detecting a hazard until the transmission of alert messages to the population. The goal of this research has been to identify how alert messages are sent to the population and, based on currently available infrastructure, analyze the possibilities to use Cell Broadcast to target alerts to all subscribers on specific geographic zones. It has been identified that the country already uses a solution that sends SMS to a list of phone numbers registered in a database. Nonetheless, telecommunication operators in the country are willing to cooperate with emergency authorities to design a solution in which Cell Broadcast can be used to strategically target alerts to subscribers at designated areas of risk. In this way, enabling enhanced accuracy and efficiency of the public alert system in Mozambique, with reduced time between detection and the simultaneously delivery of public alert messages to the entire population or only to people located on relevant geographic zones. Furthermore, the results also allowed to speculate on the viability of automated solutions, which can be used in combination to the enhancements that Cell Broadcast can bring to disaster risk management routines.

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Suokas, Anu Kristiina. « Early warning systems and the organisational dynamics of standardisation ». Thesis, University of Leicester, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/8937.

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This thesis adopts a combined sociological and health services research approach to examining the implementation of standardised risk assessment tools, ‘early warning systems’, in medical wards. The data collection involved, over a three-year period from 2006 to 2008, ethnographic observations and 37 semi-structured interviews with staff in four UK hospitals that participated in the Health Foundation’s Safer Patients Initiative. Critical illness in hospitalised patients can be a predictable event preceded by observable physiological abnormalities, but research suggests that general wards may experience difficulty in detecting and responding to patient deterioration. As a result, growing numbers of acute hospitals are implementing early warning systems designed to detect and respond to early signs of patient deterioration. These systems involve track-and-trigger and rapid response mechanisms which seek to achieve accountability for standard risk management practices among doctors and nurses. The study found that accountability in relation to bedside observations was constituted through a combination of hierarchical accountability for fulfilling formal responsibilities, and horizontal accountability which encouraged sensible use of formal rules and responsiveness to calls for help and assistance. Although staff views on early warning systems were very positive, the findings also suggested that these systems may lead to undesirable practice and fail to manage certain aspects of risk. Problems identified with early warning systems included false reassurance, unnecessary alerts and ritualistic compliance, which could create unnecessary work and cause discomfort to patients. Among staff, reciprocal senses of obligation and responsibility helped to manage such problems, but could be obstructed by poor team work. The thesis suggests that focus on the alert system overshadowed accountability for the day-to-day management of early warning systems within teams. Managing the mundane may help both organisations and their staff to prevent and prepare for emergency situations, and reduce the fear of being implicated in poor management of risk.

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Boyraz, Mustafa Fatih. « An Empirical Study On Early Warning Systems For Banking Sector ». Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614265/index.pdf.

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Early Warning Systems (EWSs) for banking sectors are used to measure occurrence risks of banking crises, generally observed with a rundown of bank deposits and widespread failures of financial institutions. In countries with a small number of banks, for example Turkey with 48 banks (BDDK, 2011), every bank may be considered to have a systematic importance since the failure of any individual bank may carry a potential threat to lead to a banking crisis. Taking into account this fact the present study focuses on EWSs in Turkey. Since there is no single correct EWS to apply to all cases, in this study, 300 models were constructed and tested to find models as accurate as possible by using a trial-and-error process and by searching optimal feature subset or classifier methods. Empirical results indicate that prediction accuracy did not increase significantly while we got closer to the actual occurrence of bankruptcy. An important finding of the study was that trends of financial ratios were very useful in the prediction of bank failures. Instead of failures as a result of instant shocks, the banks'
failures followed through a path: first a downward movement affected the efficiency of the banks'
officers and the quality of management structure measured with "
Activity Ratios"
, then the profitability of the banks measured with "
Profit Ratios"
declined. At last, the performance and the stability of banks'
earnings stream measured with "
Income-Expenditure Structure Ratios"
and the level and quality of the banks'
capital base, the end line of defense, measured with "
Capital Ratios"
. At the end of study, we proposed an ensemble model which produced probability ratios for the success rates of the banks. The proposed model achieved a very high success rate for the banks we considered.

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Sewe, Maquins Odhiambo. « Towards Climate Based Early Warning and Response Systems for Malaria ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-130169.

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Background: Great strides have been made in combating malaria, however, the indicators in sub Saharan Africa still do not show promise for elimination in the near future as malaria infections still result in high morbidity and mortality among children. The abundance of the malaria-transmitting mosquito vectors in these regions are driven by climate suitability. In order to achieve malaria elimination by 2030, strengthening of surveillance systems have been advocated. Based on malaria surveillance and climate monitoring, forecasting models may be developed for early warnings. Therefore, in this thesis, we strived to illustrate the use malaria surveillance and climate data for policy and decision making by assessing the association between weather variability (from ground and remote sensing sources) and malaria mortality, and by building malaria admission forecasting models. We further propose an economic framework for integrating forecasts into operational surveillance system for evidence based decisionmaking and resource allocation. Methods: The studies were based in Asembo, Gem and Karemo areas of the KEMRI/CDC Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Western Kenya. Lagged association of rainfall and temperature with malaria mortality was modeled using general additive models, while distributed lag non-linear models were used to explore relationship between remote sensing variables, land surface temperature(LST), normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and rainfall on weekly malaria mortality. General additive models, with and without boosting, were used to develop malaria admissions forecasting models for lead times one to three months. We developed a framework for incorporating forecast output into economic evaluation of response strategies at different lead times including uncertainties. The forecast output could either be an alert based on a threshold, or absolute predicted cases. In both situations, interventions at each lead time could be evaluated by the derived net benefit function and uncertainty incorporated by simulation. Results: We found that the environmental factors correlated with malaria mortality with varying latencies. In the first paper, where we used ground weather data, the effect of mean temperature was significant from lag of 9 weeks, with risks higher for mean temperatures above 250C. The effect of cumulative precipitation was delayed and began from 5 weeks. Weekly total rainfall of more than 120 mm resulted in increased risk for mortality. In the second paper, using remotely sensed data, the effect of precipitation was consistent in the three areas, with increasing effect with weekly total rainfall of over 40 mm, and then declined at 80 mm of weekly rainfall. NDVI below 0.4 increased the risk of malaria mortality, while day LST above 350C increased the risk of malaria mortality with shorter lags for high LST weeks. The lag effect of precipitation was more delayed for precipitation values below 20 mm starting at week 5 while shorter lag effect for higher precipitation weeks. The effect of higher NDVI values above 0.4 were more delayed and protective while shorter lag effect for NDVI below 0.4. For all the lead times, in the malaria admissions forecasting modelling in the third paper, the boosted regression models provided better prediction accuracy. The economic framework in the fourth paper presented a probability function of the net benefit of response measures, where the best response at particular lead time corresponded to the one with the highest probability, and absolute value, of a net benefit surplus. Conclusion: We have shown that lagged relationship between environmental variables and malaria health outcomes follow the expected biological mechanism, where presentation of cases follow the onset of specific weather conditions and climate variability. This relationship guided the development of predictive models showcased with the malaria admissions model. Further, we developed an economic framework connecting the forecasts to response measures in situations with considerable uncertainties. Thus, the thesis work has contributed to several important components of early warning systems including risk assessment; utilizing surveillance data for prediction; and a method to identifying cost-effective response strategies. We recommend economic evaluation becomes standard in implementation of early warning system to guide long-term sustainability of such health protection programs.

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Valko, Ivan. « Development of physical techniques for hydrate monitoring and early warning systems ». Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2455.

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One of the challenges that the petroleum industry faces is to ensure unimpeded flow of hydrocarbons. During production, transportation and processing, there can be free water in the produced fluid, and/or changes in temperature and pressure can lead to water condensation causing ice and/or hydrates formation. Gas hydrates pose serious flow assurance, economic and safety concerns. Chemical inhibitors are widely used to reduce the risks associated with hydrates. However, the upstream injection of hydrate inhibitors is generally based on thermodynamic model predictions and estimations of the worst conditions without much downstream measurements. This thesis presents a research work in which a number of techniques were investigated with the ultimate aim to mitigate hydrate risks during hydrocarbon recovery. Hydrate Monitoring Techniques are where the hydrate stability zone (HSZ) could be determined by testing downstream samples. Spectroscopy, dielectric permittivity, and freezing point depression methods were experimentally examined. A novel pseudo concentration approach was created as a result of this research work. This approach is more reliable and robust than the historically developed correlation, since it takes into account the pressure, hydrate structure and inhibitor type effects. Spectroscopy, dialectic permittivity set-ups and a freezing point prototype device based on Peltier heat pumps have been designed, built and tested. Hydrate Early Warning Techniques are where the hydrate formation could be detected based on water memory phenomenon. This phenomenon suggests that sampled fluid under specific conditions can carry remnant molecular structure related to hydrate formation if it had taken place. Spectroscopy, onset of ice formation and onset of hydrate formation were investigated. During this work, a multiple probe freezing apparatus and hydrate mini-rig prototypes have been designed, built, and tested. These techniques can provide technical measures for hydrate monitoring and early warning, helping to lessen the risk of pipeline blockages as well as to minimise the amount of chemicals required to inhibit any hydrate formation, hence improve the production economics and reduce the impact on the environment. Moreover, the investigated techniques show a potential to be deployed in Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems widely used in the petroleum industry for reservoir/production monitoring and management.

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Kimmel, Randall K. « Can Statistics Based Early Warning Systems Detect Problem Banks Before Markets ? » Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1309322520.

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Dawood, Mary Hany A. K. « The challenge of predicting financial crises : modelling and evaluating early warning systems ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6617/.

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The main purpose of constructing "Early Warning Systems" (EWSs) for financial crises is to provide policy makers with some lead time to take pre-emptive actions that would help avoid, or at least mitigate, the damages of an approaching crisis. Accordingly, this study empirically evaluates and compares the effectiveness of the econometric models developed so far to construct EWSs. In addition, a more accurate (dynamic-recursive) forecasting technique is developed to generate better out-of-sample warning signals for currency, banking, and sovereign debt crises in the different regions of the world. The empirical analysis shows that the predictive performance of the EWS is significantly improved when using simple pooled models that account for the heterogeneity of the signalling indicators across the different regions. Moreover, including the entire crisis period in the sample outperforms the more common practice of dropping post-crisis-onset periods or using a multinomial specification of the crisis variable. In addition, the findings reveal that our dynamic-recursive technique provides more accurate out-of-sample forecasts for logit models. Finally, the dynamic signal extraction approach is recommended for policy makers who value avoiding financial crises at all costs, while the binomial logit model is more suitable for less conservative policy makers who consider the economic and social costs of false alarms.

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Ryan, Zola. « Establishment and evaluation of a livestock early warning system for Laikipia, Kenya ». Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2261.

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A new zone was added to the existing Livestock Early Warning System (LEWS), which is a subproject of the USAID Global Livestock Collaborative Research Support Program. LEWS uses the PHYGROW model and satellite imagery of weather and vegetation to estimate the availability of forage to livestock and wildlife. Drought advisories are then distributed to governments, development organizations, and pastoralists via the Internet, satellite radios, and written reports. The Laikipia zone was established in 2001 to provide drought early warning for the arid pastoral rangelands of the Ewaso Ngiro ecosystem in the Laikipia and southern Samburu Districts, Kenya. Field verification of PHYGROW estimates of standing crop was conducted in 2002. In addition, research was conducted to determine the ability of the warning system to provide significant advance notice of emerging drought conditions. Results of this study indicate that LEWS is capable of providing accurate estimates of forage availability on East African rangelands. There is also evidence that the use of LEWS advisories could accelerate drought response by pastoralists as much as three to seven weeks.

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Livres sur le sujet "Integrated Early Warning Systems"

Gasparini, Paolo, Gaetano Manfredi et Jochen Zschau, dir. Earthquake Early Warning Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72241-0.

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1934-, Gasparini Paolo, Manfredi Gaetano Dr et Zschau Jochen 1944-, dir. Earthquake early warning systems. Berlin : Springer, 2007.

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Thiebes, Benni. Landslide Analysis and Early Warning Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27526-5.

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Blake, B. Jane's radar and early warning systems. Coulsdon : Jane's Information Group, 1989.

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David, Baker. Airborne early warning. Vero Beach, FL : Rourke Enterprises, 1989.

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Airborne early warning radar. Boston : Artech House, 1990.

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Zschau, Jochen, et Andreas Küppers, dir. Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55903-7.

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Famine early warning systems : Victims and destitution. Sterling, VA : Earthscan, 2009.

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C, Lozar Robert, et Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, dir. Environmental Early Warning Systems (EEWS) : User's manual. Champaign, Ill : US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Walker, Peter. Famine early warning systems : Victims and destitution. London : Earthscan Publications, 1989.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Integrated Early Warning Systems"

Wood, Helen M. « Toward an Integrated Space Strategy for Disaster Management ». Dans Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, 737–39. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55903-7_98.

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Šakić Trogrlić, Robert, Marc van den Homberg, Mirianna Budimir, Colin McQuistan, Alison Sneddon et Brian Golding. « Early Warning Systems and Their Role in Disaster Risk Reduction ». Dans Towards the “Perfect” Weather Warning, 11–46. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98989-7_2.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce early warning systems (EWS) in the context of disaster risk reduction, including the main components of an EWS, the roles of the main actors and the need for robust evaluation. Management of disaster risks requires that the nature and distribution of risk are understood, including the hazards, and the exposure, vulnerability and capacity of communities at risk. A variety of policy options can be used to reduce and manage risks, and we emphasise the contribution of early warnings, presenting an eight-component framework of people-centred early warning systems which highlights the importance of an integrated and all-society approach. We identify the need for decisions to be evidence-based, for performance monitoring and for dealing with errors and false information. We conclude by identifying gaps in current early warning systems, including in the social components of warning systems and in dealing with multi-hazards, and obstacles to progress, including issues in funding, data availability, and stakeholder engagement.

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Narasimhan, Bhu Var Ahan. « Early and Dynamic Warning : An Integrated Approach to Drought Management ». Dans Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction, 357–63. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55903-7_45.

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Costanzo, Sandra, Giuseppe Di Massa, Antonio Costanzo, Luca Morrone, Antonio Raffo, Francesco Spadafora, Antonio Borgia, Giuseppe Formetta, Giovanna Capparelli et Pasquale Versace. « Low-Cost Radars Integrated into a Landslide Early Warning System ». Dans New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies, 11–19. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16528-8_2.

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Ramesh, Maneesha Vinodini, Hemalatha Thirugnanam, Balmukund Singh, M. Nitin Kumar et Divya Pullarkatt. « Landslide Early Warning Systems : Requirements and Solutions for Disaster Risk Reduction—India ». Dans Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 259–86. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_21.

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AbstractGlobally the prevalence of landslides has increased, impacting more than 4.8 million people between 1998 and 2017 and reported more than 18,000 casualties [UNDP]. The scenario has worsened dramatically, and it has become imperative to develop early warning systems to save human life. This demands the need for systems that could identify the potential of imminent landslides and disseminate the information related to landslide initiation in real-time. This would provide the opportunity to save lives. However, globally the research on reliable end-to-end systems for early warning of landslides is still in its nascent stage. Therefore, this paper explores in detail the requirements for developing systems for real-time monitoring, detection, and early warning of landslides. An integrated solution for building the real-time landslide monitoring and early warning system to provide community-scale disaster resilience is also proposed. This solution integrates multiple modules such as a heterogeneous sensor system, data storage and management, event detection framework, alert dissemination, and emergency communication system to address issues such as capturing dynamic variability, managing multi-scale voluminous datasets, extracting key triggering information regarding the onset of possible landslide, multilevel alert dissemination, and robust emergency communication among the stakeholders respectively. The paper also presents two case studies of real-time landslide early warning systems deployed in North-eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats of India. These case studies demonstrate the approaches utilized for risk assessment, risk analysis, risk evaluation, risk visualization, risk control, risk communication, and risk governance. The results from the deployed system in the case study areas demonstrate the capability of the IoT system to gather Spatio-temporal triggers for multiple types of landslides, detection and decision of specific scenarios, and the impact of real-time data on mitigating the imminent disaster.

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Ha, Nguyen Duc, Le Quoc Hung, Takahiro Sayama, Kyoji Sassa, Kaoru Takara et Khang Dang. « An Integrated WebGIS System for Shallow Landslide Hazard Early Warning ». Dans Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk, 195–202. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60311-3_22.

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Padmanabham, J., P. L. N. Murty, T. Srinivasa Kumar et T. V. S. Udaya Bhaskar. « An Integrated Decision Support System for Storm Surge Early Warning Using SOA ». Dans Proceedings of Second International Conference on Advances in Computer Engineering and Communication Systems, 89–96. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7389-4_9.

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Holzbecher, Ekkehard, Ahmed Hadidi, Nicolette Volp, Jeroen de Koning, Humaid Al Badi, Ayisha Al Khatri et Ahmed Al Barwani. « Advanced Tools for Flood Management : An Early Warning System for Arid and Semiarid Regions ». Dans Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering : DPRI reports, 209–23. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2904-4_7.

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AbstractTechnologies concerning integrated water resources management, in general, and flood management, in particular, have recently undergone rapid developments. New smart technologies have been implemented in every relevant sector and include hydrological sensors, remote sensing, sensor networks, data integration, hydrodynamic simulation and visualization, decision support and early warning systems as well as the dissemination of information to decision-makers and the public. After providing a rough review of current developments, we demonstrate the operation of an advanced system with a special focus on an early warning system. Two case studies are covered in this chapter: one specific urban case located in the city of Parrametta in Australia in an area that shows similar flood characteristics to those found in arid or semiarid regions and one case regarding the countrywide Flash Flood Guidance System in Oman (OmanFFGS).

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Depountis, Nikolaos, Nikolaos Sabatakakis, Katerina Kavoura, Konstantinos Nikolakopoulos, Panagiotis Elias et George Drakatos. « Establishment of an Integrated Landslide Early Warning and Monitoring System in Populated Areas ». Dans Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk, 189–94. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60311-3_21.

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Versace, Pasquale, Giovanna Capparelli et Davide Luciano De Luca. « TXT-tool 2.039-4.2 LEWIS Project : An Integrated System for Landslides Early Warning ». Dans Landslide Dynamics : ISDR-ICL Landslide Interactive Teaching Tools, 509–35. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57774-6_38.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Integrated Early Warning Systems"

ZHANG, JIE, JIE LU et GUANGQUAN ZHANG. « AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK OF EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS ». Dans Proceedings of the 8th International FLINS Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812799470_0112.

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Singh, Rajat Deep, Poonam Kumari, Poornima Singh et B. D. K. Patro. « Seismic early warning alert system (SEWAS) ». Dans 2014 International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spin.2014.6777025.

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Chen, Hengyu, Ruidong Zheng, Zhuosi Wu et Shesheng Zhang. « Integrated Early Warning System for Assisting Navigation of Inland Vessels ». Dans 2019 18th International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications for Business Engineering and Science (DCABES). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dcabes48411.2019.00022.

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Zhao, Yanna, Min Zhang et Yuqiang Sun. « Research on Enterprise Integrated Risk Management and Early-Warning System ». Dans 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5998374.

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Peng, Yu, Ming Li, Zheng Li, Tao Hu, Yangjun Xiao, Juan Wen et Yu Liu. « Bridge Integrated Early Warning System Based on BIM Secondary Development ». Dans AIAM2021 : 2021 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacture. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3495018.3495307.

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Geng, ZhiQiang, ShanShan Zhao, QunXiong Zhu, YongMing Han, Yuan Xu et YanLin He. « Early warning modeling and application based on analytic hierarchy process integrated extreme learning machine ». Dans 2017 Intelligent Systems Conference (IntelliSys). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intellisys.2017.8324211.

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Xiaoyun Wang et Tingdi Zhao. « Design of integrated aircraft inflight safety monitoring and early warning system ». Dans 2010 Prognostics and System Health Management Conference (PHM). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/phm.2010.5414576.

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Liu, Sitong, Zhanyue Zhang et Sichen Liu. « Construction and capability analysis of air-space-ground integrated early warning and detection system ». Dans International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Communications, and Computer Networks (ISCCN 2022), sous la direction de Tok Wang Ling. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2652998.

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Sannino, G., E. Cianca, M. Coletta, M. Ruggieri, D. Sbardella et R. Prasad. « Integrated wireless and sensing technology for dentistry : An early warning system for implant supported prostheses ». Dans 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/syseng.2015.7302781.

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Yang, Xiaoxu, Man Jia, Jiangtao Wang, Xiaoxiao Yang, Panfeng Wu et Bingli Ji. « An Integrated Space-air-ground Monitoring and Early Warning System of Landslide Disaster ». Dans 2021 7th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil Engineering & Smart Water Conservancy and Intelligent Disaster Reduction Forum (ICHCE & SWIDR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichceswidr54323.2021.9656378.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Integrated Early Warning Systems"

Perdigão, Rui A. P. New Horizons of Predictability in Complex Dynamical Systems : From Fundamental Physics to Climate and Society. Meteoceanics, octobre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/211021.

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Discerning the dynamics of complex systems in a mathematically rigorous and physically consistent manner is as fascinating as intimidating of a challenge, stirring deeply and intrinsically with the most fundamental Physics, while at the same time percolating through the deepest meanders of quotidian life. The socio-natural coevolution in climate dynamics is an example of that, exhibiting a striking articulation between governing principles and free will, in a stochastic-dynamic resonance that goes way beyond a reductionist dichotomy between cosmos and chaos. Subjacent to the conceptual and operational interdisciplinarity of that challenge, lies the simple formal elegance of a lingua franca for communication with Nature. This emerges from the innermost mathematical core of the Physics of Coevolutionary Complex Systems, articulating the wealth of insights and flavours from frontier natural, social and technical sciences in a coherent, integrated manner. Communicating thus with Nature, we equip ourselves with formal tools to better appreciate and discern complexity, by deciphering a synergistic codex underlying its emergence and dynamics. Thereby opening new pathways to see the “invisible” and predict the “unpredictable” – including relative to emergent non-recurrent phenomena such as irreversible transformations and extreme geophysical events in a changing climate. Frontier advances will be shared pertaining a dynamic that translates not only the formal, aesthetical and functional beauty of the Physics of Coevolutionary Complex Systems, but also enables and capacitates the analysis, modelling and decision support in crucial matters for the environment and society. By taking our emerging Physics in an optic of operational empowerment, some of our pioneering advances will be addressed such as the intelligence system Earth System Dynamic Intelligence and the Meteoceanics QITES Constellation, at the interface between frontier non-linear dynamics and emerging quantum technologies, to take the pulse of our planet, including in the detection and early warning of extreme geophysical events from Space.

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Blumstein, Carl, Lloyd Cibulka, James Thorp, Virgilio Centeno, Roger King, Kari Reeves, Frank Ashrafi et Vahid Madani. Application of Advanced Wide Area Early Warning Systems with Adaptive Protection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1184190.

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Perera, Duminda, Ousmane Seidou, Jetal Agnihotri, Mohamed Rasmy, Vladimir Smakhtin, Paulin Coulibaly et Hamid Mehmood. Flood Early Warning Systems : A Review Of Benefits, Challenges And Prospects. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, août 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/mjfq3791.

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Floods are major water-related disasters that affect millions of people resulting in thousands of mortalities and billiondollar losses globally every year. Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWS) - one of the floods risk management measures - are currently operational in many countries. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction recognises their importance and strongly advocates for an increase in their availability under the targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, despite widespread recognition of the importance of FEWS for disaster risk reduction (DRR), there’s a lack of information on their availability and status around the world, their benefits and costs, challenges and trends associated with their development. This report contributes to bridging these gaps by analyzing the responses to a comprehensive online survey with over 80 questions on various components of FEWS (risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, warning dissemination and communication, and response capabilities), investments into FEWS, their operational effectiveness, benefits, and challenges. FEWS were classified as technologically “basic”, “intermediate” and “advanced” depending on the existence and sophistication of FEWS` components such as hydrological data = collection systems, data transfer systems, flood forecasting methods, and early warning communication methods. The survey questionnaire was distributed to flood forecasting and warning centers around the globe; the primary focus was developing and least-developed countries (LDCs). The questionnaire is available here: https://inweh.unu.edu/questionnaireevaluation-of-flood-early-warning-systems/ and can be useful in its own right for similar studies at national or regional scales, in its current form or with case-specific modifications. Survey responses were received from 47 developing (including LDCs) and six developed countries. Additional information for some countries was extracted from available literature. Analysis of these data suggests the existence of an equal number of “intermediate” and “advanced” FEWS in surveyed river basins. While developing countries overall appear to progress well in FEWS implementation, LDCs are still lagging behind since most of them have “basic” FEWS. The difference between types of operational systems in developing and developed countries appear to be insignificant; presence of basic, intermediate or advanced FEWS depends on available investments for system developments and continuous financing for their operations, and there is evidence of more financial support — on the order of USD 100 million — to FEWS in developing countries thanks to international aid. However, training the staff and maintaining the FEWS for long-term operations are challenging. About 75% of responses indicate that river basins have inadequate hydrological network coverage and back-up equipment. Almost half of the responders indicated that their models are not advanced and accurate enough to produce reliable forecasts. Lack of technical expertise and limited skilled manpower to perform forecasts was cited by 50% of respondents. The primary reason for establishing FEWS, based on the survey, is to avoid property damage; minimizing causalities and agricultural losses appear to be secondary reasons. The range of the community benefited by FEWS varies, but 55% of FEWS operate in the range between 100,000 to 1 million of population. The number of flood disasters and their causalities has declined since the year 2000, while 50% of currently operating FEWS were established over the same period. This decline may be attributed to the combined DRR efforts, of which FEWS are an integral part. In lower-middle-income and low-income countries, economic losses due to flood disasters may be smaller in absolute terms, but they represent a higher percentage of such countries’ GDP. In high-income countries, higher flood-related losses accounted for a small percentage of their GDP. To improve global knowledge on FEWS status and implementation in the context of Sendai Framework and SDGs, the report’s recommendations include: i) coordinate global investments in FEWS development and standardise investment reporting; ii) establish an international hub to monitor the status of FEWS in collaboration with the national responsible agencies. This will support the sharing of FEWS-related information for accelerated global progress in DRR; iii) develop a comprehensive, index-based ranking system for FEWS according to their effectiveness in flood disaster mitigation. This will provide clear standards and a roadmap for improving FEWS’ effectiveness, and iv) improve coordination between institutions responsible for flood forecasting and those responsible for communicating warnings and community preparedness and awareness.

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Naeem, Ghazala, et Jamila Nawaz. Coastal Hazard Early Warning Systems in Pakistan : Tsunami and Cyclone Early Warning Dissemination : Gaps and Capacities in Coastal Areas of Balochistan and Sindh Provinces. Oxfam GB, novembre 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2016.620148.

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Shrestha, M. S., C. G. Goodrich, P. Udas, D. M. Rai, M. B. Gurung et V. Khadgi. Flood Early Warning Systems in Bhutan - A Gendered Perspective ; ICIMOD Working Paper 2016/13. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.632.

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Shrestha, M. S., S. Kafle, M. Gurung, H. K. Nibanupudi, V. R. Khadgi et G. Rajkarnikar. Flood Early Warning Systems in Nepal ; A Gendered Perspective - ICIMOD Working Paper 2014/4. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.590.

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VAN DER Schalie, Willian H., David E. Trader, Mark W. Widder, Tommy R. Shedd et Linda M. Brennan. A Residual Chlorine Removal Method to Allow Drinking Water Monitoring by Biological Early Warning Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mars 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432455.

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Mool, P. K., D. Wangda, S. R. Bajracharya, S. P. Joshi, K. Kunzang et D. R. Gurung. Inventory of Glaciers, Glacial Lakes and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods : Monitoring and Early Warning Systems in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region - Bhutan. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.373.

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