Thèses sur le sujet « Inhibitorial »
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CAPPELLETTI, MICHELA. « La qualificazione giuridica e l'ammissibilità in via generale della tutela inibitoria ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/199155.
Texte intégralThe subject matter of this work deals with both the requirements and functions of the s.c. “inhibitory” protection provided by our national legislator, also known as “injunction” within the Common law systems. It is important to recall that while the “inhibitory” protection has been somehow regulated by many different rules of the Civil code (and the special legislation as well), the Italian legal system has always been particularly reluctant in providing a general “inhibitorial” action against continuous and repetitive offenses. That is why the nature of the tool - with special reference to the juridical qualification and its general admissibility – has long been discussed among scholars, who treated the remedy as an action for declaration or an action for a relief, or even as a stand-alone legal instrument. The above mentioned situation is going to change, since in June 2015 the Italian House of Representatives passed a draft-law (d.d.l. n. 1950) which, among other things, on the one hand repeals the entire article nr. 140 of the s.c. Consumer Code (devoted to the collective “inhibitory” protection for consumers) and, on the other hand, set a new disposition, providing the same legal protection, within our Civil procedural code. Such provision (which is still subject to the final Senate confirmation), not only is expected to enhance the relevance of the “inhibitory” remedy, but it will likely soon establish a new set of legal interpretations within the case law as well as among academics, even though the draft is limited to the collective inhibitory protection only. Therefore I tried to face and investigate the main features of the “inhibitory” protection, taking into account both its “direction to the future” and its preventive goal, which clearly make the difference compared to the other jurisdictional means. In such cases, in fact, the judge is requested to order the interruption and the inhibition of any unlawful and detrimental behaviors against the claimant. To this purpose my first duty was to examine the legal provisions governing the different types of “inhibitory” protection – among others, article 844 c.c. (unlawful discharge), article 156 l.a. (copyright protection) –; secondly I tried to figure out the common features of all the mentioned tools, in a way which makes somehow reliable the idea of the “inhibitory” protection as an atypical legal action; finally, provided by such a new figure of jurisdictional protection, the (far from being theoretical) problem of a correct interpretation should be faced, considering that the new tool cannot easily be reported to the three traditional categories of actions for declaration or for relief. Moreover, an extensive part of my work is devoted to a comparison between the Italian “inhibitory” protection and the American injunction, not only to understand the main features and differences but, most of all, to suggest the same extensive use of such a tool into the Italian system: the well-known general admissibility (although atypical) of the injunction within the Common law systems, in fact, in my opinion can be considered as a reliable signal of the general importance of this kind of legal protection for all the citizens.
Verástegui, Pereira Karina Meliza. « Utilidad del Cociente Inhibitorio en la interpretación del antibiograma para Enterobacterias aisladas de Urocultivos en pacientes ambulatorios, Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño (HONADOMANI) “San Bartolomé” Febrero - Diciembre 2014 Lima-Perú ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4391.
Texte intégral--- Introduction: The interpretation by the CLSI antimicrobial susceptibility tends to provide certain information to better choose the antimicrobial capable of inhibiting or reducing bacterial growth, but there is a mismatch of in vitro susceptibility testing of isolated urinary tract pathogen the response of the clinical efficacy of antibacterial or selection. Objective: To determine the usefulness of the inhibitory quotient in the interpretation of Antibiogram made for enterobacteria isolated from urine cultures from outpatients. (...) Results: There were 223 positive enterobacteriaceae in outpatient urine cultures. The main uropathogens isolated was Escherichia coli (86.5%). An interpretation of favorable therapeutic response by the inhibitory quotient in all cases categorized as sensitive strains Fluoroquinolones, Betalactam and aminoglycoside was obtained. The strains were categorized as intermediate, an interpretation favorable therapeutic response was obtained for all inhibitory quotient with a frequency for each antibiotic tested: Ampicillin (5), Ceftriaxone (3), gentamicin (4); and Ciprofloxacin (5); Amikacin except that presented a case intermediate strain with an interpretation of therapeutic response CI unfavorable. Furthermore, it was shown that the strains as intermediates for the conventional interpretation cephalothin an interpretation of a positive therapeutic response with CI in 100% (52) of those found with a 95% CI (-6.9% to 6.9% was obtained). For cases of strains categorized as resistan, a percentage of them performed with a favorable therapeutic response by the CI 29.5% (13/44) for ceftriaxone, 27.5% (11/40) for gentamicin, 12.4% was observed (11/89) to ciprofloxacin and 8.1% (6/74) to cephalothin. The interpretation of sensitivity for E. coli strains and strains with BLEE presence between the two interpretations were compared. In the first case, only it observed for cephalothin 58 (30%) of more sensitive strains interpreted as significant favorable therapeutic response with 95% (20.3% to 39.0%) given by the inhibitory quotient. For the second case of E.coli BLEE producing strains it showed a significant difference in favor strains with favorable therapeutic response interpreted by the CI to Ceftriaxone 9 (26.5%) with a 95% (10.1% to 42.8%). Conclusions: The use of inhibitory quotient in the interpretation of susceptibility could give us more alternatives in the therapeutic choice provided that such results are assessed through monitoring of the patient by the physician, and still be diminished thereby cases of resistance, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, which can also be expensive, and modify the dose, etc. Keywords: inhibitory ratio, maximum concentration of antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics.
Tesis
Peyrano, Jorge Walter. « ¿Qué es una resolución inhibitoria ? » Derecho & ; Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118528.
Texte intégralSaulėnienė, Kristina. « Inhibitorių poveikis plieno korozijos produktams betone ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060613_174054-67210.
Texte intégralPeyrano, Jorge Walter. « Las resoluciones judiciales diferentes : anticipatorias, determinativas, docentes, exhortativas e inhibitorias ». IUS ET VERITAS, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123745.
Texte intégralVásquez, Noriega Karen. « ASOCIACION ENTRE LAS NUEVAS RECOMENDACIONES DE LA CONCENTRACION MINIMA INHIBITORIA DE LOS ANTIBIOTICOS Y LA RESPUESTA TERAPEUTICA DE LOS PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS CON INFECCION URINARIA EN EL SERVICIO MEDICINA 5 DEL HNGAI DURANTE EL AÑO 2016 ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2017. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/912.
Texte intégralGalindo, Gomez Maisely Fabiluz. « Actividad inhibitoria de la Stevia rebaudiana y Xilitol sobre flora mixta salival ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9536.
Texte intégralTesis
Gallego, Pérez Diana. « Caracterización de la transmisión inhibitoria neuromuscular en el intestino delgado y el colon ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3809.
Texte intégralPor tanto los objetivos de esta tesis doctoral han sido:
El estudio de la neurotransmisión inhibitoria no adrenérgica no colinérgica (NANC), no nitrérgica en el colon humano. Caracterización de los receptores implicados en la relajación purinérgica del colon humano.
Estudiar el mismo mecanismo en otras áreas del tracto gastrointestinal y otras especies. Caracterización de la neurotransmisión purinérgica en el intestino delgado de cerdo.
Estudiar la co-transmisión funcional entre NO y ATP en el colon humano y establecer la función de cada uno de estos neurotransmisores.
El estudio de otros posibles neurotransmisores inhibitorios como el sulfhídrico (H2S) y su vía de acción en el colon humano y de otras especies.
Para llevar a cabo estos objetivos se han utilizando, principalmente, las técnicas de baño de órganos y de microelectrodos, que permiten la caracterización in Vitro de las vías inhibitorias, incluyendo la identificación de los neurotransmisores, los receptores y las vías intracelulares implicadas en la interacción neuromuscular. Además se han utilizado de forma complementaria otras técnicas como la inmunohistoquímica. Además y a modo de colaboración externa hemos incluido el estudio de los receptores purinérgicos en neuronas del plexo mientérico de cobayo (técnica de medida de calcio con Fluo-4) y hemos caracterizado el efecto del sulfhídrico en segmentos intestinales donde se preserva el circuito nervioso responsable de la peristalsis.
Los resultados obtenidos mediante estas técnicas han demostrado que:
El receptor purinérgico responsable de la relajación intestinal (colon humano e intestino delgado de cerdo) es el P2Y1. Este receptor media el componente rápido del potencial de unión neuromuscular y de la relajación mecánica correspondiente a este fenómeno eléctrico.
La relajación a nivel del colon humano responde, probablemente, a un mecanismo de co-transmisión entre ATP (a través de receptores P2Y1) y óxido nítrico. El ATP es responsable de la relajación fásica, mientras que el NO sería responsable de la relajación tónica.
El sulfhídrico causa relajación de la musculatura lisa intestinal a través de canales de potasio de baja conductancia sensibles a apamina y canales de potasio sensibles a ATP.
El conocimiento de los receptores y los mecanismos implicados en la relajación intestinal puede contribuir en un futuro a diseñar estrategias terapéuticas en alteraciones motoras ocasionadas por patologías en el tracto gastrointestinal humano.
Everss, Villalba Estrella. « Efecto de la amitriptilina sobre la evitación inhibitoria en ratones machos y hembras ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10178.
Texte intégralAntidepressants are widely prescribed for depression and other disorders like anxiety. Apart from their therapeutic action, these psychotropic medications have side effects. For instance, tricyclic antidepressants have anticholinergic actions considered responsible for learning and memory impairment processes. With the aim of assess amitriptyline's effects on memory here we studied its acute and chronic administration on a inhibitory avoidance task in male and female mice. Animals can learn in a sole session (training) that crossing from black side into dark side imply an electric shock; twenty-four hours later (test), control mice avoid crossing to dark side. In the case of treated mice, in both sexes, acute amitriptyline administration before or immediately after training blocks the inhibitory avoidance acquisition and consolidation, respectively. Chronic daily administration before training also impair this task, but there was absence of effects when the daily treatment started 24 hours after training. Prevention of amitriptyline-induced avoidance impairment by piracetam pre-training (chronic or acute administration) was posible in male but not female mice. Post-training acute administration of caffeine didn't produce any effect in any sex. In the elevated plus-maze exploration, amitriptyline had no effect on anxiety and in some acute doses reduced the activity. The results indicated that amitriptyline cognitive effects were not be mediated by anxiolytic effects.
Marina, Maksimović Simović. « Efikasnost i bezbednost lečenja obolelih od reumatoidnog artritisa TNF-alfa inhibitorima ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=106388&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralRheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a disease that leads to irreversible joint damage, which makes necessary to start treatment when the diagnosis is set. TNF-alpha inhibitors represent a revolutionary discovery in the treatment of RA, and the most commonly used are Etanercept and Adalimumab. They are not effective in all patients, and the mechanisms of loss of response are not clear. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Etanercept and Adalimumab on disease activity (by measuring DAS28 SE and DAS28 CRP score) and the functional status of patients (by measuring the HAQ-DI questionnaire), the number of painful and swollen joints before and during the first year of administration of these drugs. Also, it was determined a correlation between the concentration of Etanercept and Adalimumab in blood and the values of DAS28 SE at the moment of drug concentration measurement. The incidence of adverse effects in patients treated with these two drugs was also observed. It was examined the effect of Methotrexate on drug levels in the blood as well as the dose of Methotrexate before and 6 months after the introduction of Etanercept or Adalimumab. Methods: The study was conducted at the Special Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases and the Clinic of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Clinical Center of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. It included 88 patients with RA, 49 were treated with Etanercept and 39 with Adalimumab. Medical documentation was analyzed, and during the first year of TNF-alpha inhibitor administration, every three months were done anamnesis and physical examination, analysis of blood biochemical findings, measurements of the disease activity with DAS28 SE and DAS28 CRP score and a functional status assessment with the HAQ-DI questionnaire. Results: Disease activity measured by DAS28 SE and DAS28 CRP scores, functional status measured with HAQ-DI questionnaire, number of painful and swollen joints and acute phase reactant values are significantly higher before Etanercept and Adalimumab therapy and decreased during the first 6 months of treatment with these drugs and then this effect of therapy is maintained until the end of the monitoring period. There is no statistically significant difference in the comparison of Etanercept and Adalimumab with respect to the frequency of adverse events. The dose of Methotrexate was statistically significantly lower for 6 months after the use of Etanercept and Adalimumab. Patients treated with Methotrexate and Adalimumab had statistically significantly higher drug levels than those who did not use it. Conclusion: TNF-alpha inhibitors are not effective in all patients who used them. The mechanism of loss of response to TNF-alpha inhibitors is not clear. In order to make the best decision for the patient, it is necessary to determine the drug level in the blood as well as the level of antibodies to the drug in each change in the patient's condition. For now, there are not enough studies to indicate whether there is a link between expression of the TNF-alpha gene and the level of TNF-alpha in the blood, and whether the measurement of the TNF-alpha in blood could be used for therapy correction and change of dose of TNF-alpha inhibitor, which is likely to be the subject of the future research.
Ruiz, Quiroz Julio Reynaldo. « Actividad antifungica in vitro y concentración mínima inhibitoria mediante microdilución de ocho plantas medicinales ». Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14841.
Texte intégralDetermina la actividad antifúngica in vitro de los extractos metanólicos, etanólicos e hidroalcohólicos de Hypericum laricifolium (partes aéreas), Ilex guayusa Loes (hojas), Juglans neotropica Diels (corteza), Piper lineatum (hojas), Piper spp. (hojas), Psidium guajava (hojas), Cassia reticulata Wild (planta entera) y Terminalia catappa (hojas); recolectadas en los departamentos de Amazonas y Cajamarca. La actividad antifúngica se evaluó mediante el método de difusión en agar frente a Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 y Microsporum canis cepa clínica y la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI) por el método de microdilución colorimétrico, utilizando como controles ketoconazol y fluconazol. Todos los extractos presentaron actividad antifúngica importante frente a C. albicans y M. canis, y ninguno tuvo actividad frente a A. niger. Las condiciones de laboratorio para determinar la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) de C. albicans mediante el método de microdilución colorimétrico fueron: temperatura de incubación de 37°C, tiempo de incubación de 24 h, inóculo final 0,5-2,5 x 103 ufc/mL y 0,05 mg de resazurina por pozo; y, para M. canis fueron temperatura de incubación de 37°C, tiempo de incubación de 4 días, inóculo final de 1,2 – 6 x 104 ufc/mL y 0,05 mg de resazurina por pozo. Mediante microdilución se determinó que 19 (79%), 18 (75%) y 24 (100 %) de los extractos investigados presentaron CMIs ≤ 1000 μg/mL, frente a Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida albicans cepa clínica y Microsporum canis, respectivamente. Los extractos con la mayor actividad antifúngica fueron los de Juglans neotropica Diels, Psidium guajava y Terminalia catappa; con CMIs < 100 μg/mL. El método de microdilución colorimétrico usando resazurina demostró ser útil para el screening antifúngico de extractos de plantas.
Tesis
Ruiz, Quiroz Julio Reynaldo. « Actividad antifúngica in vitro y concentración mínima inhibitoria mediante microdilución de ocho plantas medicinales ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2590.
Texte intégralI was determinated the in vitro antifungal activity of ethanolic, methanolic and hydro alcoholic extracts of Hypericum laricifolium (aerial parts), Ilex guayusa loes (leaves), Juglans neotropica Diels (bark), Piper spp. (leaves), Piper lineatum (leaves), Psidium guajava (leaves), Cassia reticulata Wild (whole plant) and Terminalia catappa (leaves); colected in the departments of Amazonas and Cajamarca. The antifungal activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion method against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, and the dermatophyte Microsporum canis clinical strain and the Minimun Inhibitory Concentration (CMI) by the microdilution colorimetric method, using as controls ketoconazole and fluconazole. All of extracts showed antifungal activity against C. albicans and M. canis and no activity against Aspergillus niger. The laboratory conditions to determine the Minimun Inhibitory Concentration (CMI) of Candida albicans through the colorimetric microdilution method were: incubation temperature of 37°C, time of incubation of 24 h, final inoculums 0,5-2,5 x 103 cfu/mL and 0,05 mg de resazurin per well; and, for Microsporum canis were: incubation temperature of 37°C, time of incubation of 4 days, final inoculums 1,2-6 x 104 cfu/mL and 0,05 mg de resazurin per well. For microdilution were determinited that 19 (79%), 18 (75%) y 24 (100%) of extracts investigated, showed MICs ≤ 1000 µg/mL, against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida albicans clinic strain and Microsporum canis respectively. The extracts with the best antifungal activity were those Juglans neotropica Diels, Psidium guajava and Terminalia catappa; with MICs < 100 µg/mL. The colorimetric microdilution method using resazurin proved useful for screening antifungal plant extracts. Key words: Antifungal activity, medicinal plants, Amazonas, colorimetric microdilution, Minimal Inhibitory Concentration, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Microsporum canis, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404.
Tesis
Agüero, Gaete Francisco Andrés. « Síntesis de derivados de ácidos y aminoácidos organoboronatos con potencial actividad inhibitoria hacia arginasas ». Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/171073.
Texte intégralEn este trabajo se estudió la síntesis de moléculas de estructura semejante al ácido 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoico (ABH), que al igual que este último pudieran tener algún efecto en la inhibición de la enzima arginasa, buscando una ruta sintética que utilice reactivos más económicos. Usando dos materiales de partida distintos, malonato de dietilo y N-(difenilmetilen)glicinato de etilo, se probaron diferentes condiciones para la alquilación con bromuro de alilo y 1- bromo-4-buteno, de modo de obtener ABH racémico, el homólogo inferior de ABH, y ácido 6-boronohexanoico, que no contiene el grupo amino. La hidroboración subsiguiente se ensayó de acuerdo a dos metodologías: reacción directa de adición de catecolborano, y adición de pinacolborano catalizada por una sal de iridio. La síntesis resultó más conveniente por el segundo método. Para acceder al producto final se realizó una hidrólisis y descarboxilación
In this work, the synthesis of a set of molecules with structures similar to that of 2-(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid (ABH), with potentially similar effect in arginase enzyme inhibition, looking for a synthetic route that uses cheaper reagents, was studied. Using two different starting materials, diethyl malonate and ethyl N-(diphenylmethylene)glycinate, several conditions for their alkylation with allyl bromide and 1-bromo-4-butene were tested, in order to obtain racemic ABH, its lower homolog, and 6-boronohexanoic acid, lacking an amino group. The subsequent hydroboration was attempted using two different methods: direct addition of catecholborane, and an iridium salt-catalyzed addition of pinacolborane. The synthesis was more convenient by the second method. In order to obtain the final product, a hydrolysis and decarboxylation was held
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Sirtautas, Ramūnas. « Trąšų pramonėje naudojamų korozijos inhibitorių analizė chromatografijos ir masių spektrometrijos metodais ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090810_100115-09219.
Texte intégralLiquid fertilizers are stored, manufactured, and transported in metallic tanks which can completely corrode if corrosion inhibitor will not be added. Corrosion inhibitors are chemical compounds which protect metallic surface by forming a protection layer. This layer protects metallic surface from reaction with liquid fertilizers compounds and can save millions of dollars, since there are no need to replace or repair the tanks. In Lithuania Achema corporation is producing about 1 million tons of liquid fertilizers in the year. Usual ingredients of corrosion inhibitors are fatty acids, amines, surfactants, glycols etc. Corrosion inhibitors are widely analyzed by gas and liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry methods. In this work will be presented gas chromatography- mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography - electrospray ionization – time-of-flight - mass spectrometry and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, methods for commercial corrosion inhibitors determination and identification. The aim of this work is optimize chromatographic and mass spectrometry methods for corrosion inhibitors analysis and determinate quantitative and qualitative composition of commercial corrosion inhibitors. Results. Analyses of corrosion inhibitors: Cordon 99, Galoryl Ic 22, Ixonol-5 from three different manufacturers were performed. The main compound determined in all the corrosion inhibitors samples by gas chromatography mass... [to full text]
Seira, Oriach Oscar. « Estudio de las vías de señalización intracelular asociadas a las proteínas inhibitorias de la mielina ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83901.
Texte intégralSandra, Jovanović. « Uloga inhibitora vaskularnog endotelnog faktora rasta u terapiji dijabetičnog makularnog edema ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=91828&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralDiabetic retinopathy is among the leading causes of acquired blindness in developed countries, as well as in developing countries. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most frequent Diabetes Mellitus complications. Within diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the earliest causes of the loss of visual acuity. Impaired vision causes decline in life quality in diabetic patients and it decreases theirworking ability. Up to this date, laser photocoagulation treatment has not givensatisfactory results. Recently, new promising treatment forms have emerged, including the intravitreal application of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF inhibitors), which lead to stabilization of the vessel wall. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of DME treatment consisting of intravitreal VEGF inhibitor application alone or as a part of combined treatment (intravitreal VEGF inhibitor plus laser photocoagulation) compared with conventional laser treatment alone. The effect of treatment was evaluated according to morphological parameters by measuring central macular thickness (CMT) in μm with optical coherence tomography, and according to functional parameter by visual acuity in log MAR scale. In this prospective randomized clinical trial, with minimum follow up of 6 months, in experimental group 51 patient, or 84 eyes were treated with bevacizumab (VEGF inhibitor) in 1.25 mg dosage, alone or in combination with laser. The mean reduction in was 139.15 μm, which was achieved with 2.46 doses on average. The difference between the final and initial CMT values after each dos age was tatistically significant.Edemas with high central macular thickness required high number of intravitealaplicatons and the reduction was higher. In our study, mean visual acuity improved significantly in 0.135 log MAR. In control group (50 patient, 92 eyes) treated with laserphotocolagulation alone, the effect on visual acuity and central acular thickness was not statistically significant. The treatment with bevacizumab alone or in combinedtreatment is more effective in treating DME than conventional macular laser treatment alone, from both - anatomical and functional perspective. The importance of this study is confirmation of the efficacy and safety of a new form of treatment and the introduction of a new protocol for the treatment of diabetic macular edema.
Sedano, Bautista José Luis. « Selección de cepas nativas de Lactobacillus con actividad inhibitoria y tolerantes al etanol aisladas de "masato" ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1424.
Texte intégralThe food preservation by natural fermentation is practiced by diverse native communities. The "masato" is product of this process and constitutes important part of the feeding of the population of peruvian amazonia. The mass of yucca, mandioca or cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) used in the preparation of this traditional drink, constitutes the main substrate for the establishment of an environmental mixed microflora, including the lactic acid bacteria which are responsible for the malolactic and lactic fermentation and other properties of industrial interest. The search of new native strains of antimicrobial substances producing lactic bacteria, adapted to the environmental conditions and regional raw materials, is extremely important, to improve the sensorial and sanitary quality of the "masato". In order to detect lactic strains with antimicrobial properties, 11 samples of "masato" coming from Pucallpa - Ucayali were processed, which were seeded in agar Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) pH 6,5 and incubated to 30° C by 72 hours in microaerophilic conditions. The morphologic, cultural, biochemical characterization and the antimicrobial activity were made according to Kandler Weiss (1986) and Tagg McGiven, (1971) respectively. Of a total of 81 isolated strains of Lactobacillus, 33 (41%) of Lactobacillus were identified like Lactobacillus plantarum, 13 (16%) like Lactobacillus alimentarius, 12 (15%) like Lactobacillus acidophilus, 9 (11%) like Lactobacillus casei and in smaller percentage like Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus amylophilus and Lactobacillus coryniformis. In addition, 64 (78.9%) and 17 (21.1%) of Lactobacillus were detected homofermenters and heterofermenters respectively. In all the evaluated samples of "masato", predominated Lactobacillus plantarum, followed of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus alimentarius. Of 8 evaluated antimicrobial substance producing lactic acid bacteria strains, Lactobacillus plantarum M4 was the only producing strain of a antimicrobial substance that is not acid organic nor oxygenated water. In addition, it was shown that the neutralized antimicrobial substance to pH 6.5 has a reduced antimicrobial spectrum and is stable in a wide range of temperature and pH. Also, the strains of Lactobacillus showed a high level of tolerance to concentrations of ethanol added to culture means, being but of 80% of tolerant isolated strains to 10% of ethanol, whereas 6% tolerated concentrations of up to 12% v/v of ethanol. We propose to Lactobacillus plantarum 4M0.2, Lactobacillus plantarum M9.5, Lactobacillus acidophilus M2.9, Lactobacillus alimentarius 5M1.2 like a selection of strains of biotechnological interest, as well as to Lactobacillus plantarum M4, strain of the study with greater antimicrobial spectrum and tolerance until 8% v/v concentration of ethanol added in culture mean.
Tesis
Acevedo, Arévalo Luis. « Estudio de la acción inhibitoria de la respiración y crecimiento celular de hidroquinonas tri- y tetracíclicas ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105380.
Texte intégralPallarès, i. Añó Marc. « Etanol i conducta : relació entre addicció alcohòlica i aprenentatge inhibitori en rates ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5491.
Texte intégralGaitán, Charry Diego. « Duración del efecto inhibitorio de la administración de zinc sobre la absorción de hierro ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116387.
Texte intégralResumen La administración conjunta de Fe y Zn produce una inhibición de la biodisponibilidad del Fe (Bio Fe), sin embargo, no se conoce el tiempo que dura este efecto. Objetivo: determinar el tiempo que dura el efecto inhibitorio de la administración de una dosis de Zn sobre la Bio Fe. Métodos: se estudiaron 15 mujeres quienes ingirieron una solución de 0,5 mg de Fe sin administración de Zn, con administración simultánea de 11,71 mg Zn y luego de 30 y 60 minutos de la administración de 11,71 mg Zn. Se determinó el estado nutricional de Fe y Zn y la Bio Fe. Resultados: los promedios geométricos y los rangos de ± 1DS de la Bio Fe, durante la administración de Fe solo, conjunta con Zn o luego de 30 y 60 minutos de la administración de Zn, fueron: 41,9 (42,4–41,5), 25 (25,6–24,4), 35 (35,4–34,6) y 40 (40,5–39,4), respectivamente; las pruebas estadísticas mostraron diferencia entre la Bio Fe cuando se ingirió solo y la administración conjunta de Fe y Zn (F=5,68, p<0,001). Conclusión: la administración conjunta de Fe y Zn disminuye la Bio Fe, este efecto dura menos de 30 minutos
Summary Fe and Zn combine administration produces inhibition of Fe bioavailability (Bio Fe), however, the time that this effect persists is not known. Objective: to determine the time of inhibitory effect of a single dose of Zn on Bio Fe. Methods: 15 women ingested a solution of 0.5 mg of Fe without Zn administration and, with combined administration of 11.71 mg Zn. We determined Fe and Zn status and the Bio Fe. Results: Bio Fe geometrics means and ± 1SD range during administration of Fe alone or combined with Zn or after 30 and 60 minutes of Zn administration were: 41.9 (42.4-41.5), 25 (25.6-24.4), 35 (35.4-34.6) and 40 (40.5-39.4), respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between Bio Fe of Fe given simultaneously with Zn and Fe ingested without Zn (F=5.68, p<0.001). Conclusion: Fe and Zn combine administration decreased Bio Fe, this effect lasted less than 30 minutes.
Orosco, Escobar Mayeli Sara. « Efectos de la asociación excitatoria e inhibitoria entre estímulos visuales sobre la inhibición condicionada en pacientes con esquizofrenia ». Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13392.
Texte intégralConditioned inhibition (CI) has been difficult to establish paradigm in human study. However, these difficulties have been overcome. It has been found that CI is of great help in the study of disorders such as schizophrenia or people with schizotypal traits in which inhibitory cognitive mechanisms are deficient. In this context, the present research has as main objective to characterize behavioral markers through associative learning techniques in experiments with patients suffering from schizophrenia and describe associative learning in the group of patients with schizophrenia and in the group of participants without it. For this, by means of a computer exercise, conditioned excitation and inhibition in the same discrimination procedure was measured. CI was measured through a ratio score comparing the degree to which the inhibitory stimulus and the neutral stimulus reduced the conditioned response to the excitatory signal. Therefore, a lower ratio score would indicate a greater inhibitory learning. However, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the group of patients with schizophrenia and participants without schizophrenia. In addition, neither of the two groups achieved discrimination between reinforced and unreinforced stimuli. What could mean that the type of image that can be used as EI was not the appropriate or neutral for the chosen sample.
Tesis
Gallardo, Aguilera Haydeé Gabriela Paulette. « Estudio del rol de calreticulina de Trypanosoma cruzi en la respuesta inmune celular inhibitoria del crecimiento tumoral mamario ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146994.
Texte intégralCancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the number of new cases increases yearly. Cancer is a complex process of unregulated cell proliferation, favored by angiogenesis, which provides tumors with oxygen, nutrients and eliminates accumulation of catabolic products, allowing the tumor to grow and eventually metastasize. Eight decades ago, inhibition of malignant tumors implanted in mice concomitantly infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, was described and, on the other hand, antitumor effects of inoculated parasite extracts was observed in humans. However, it was not possible to identify the responsible parasite molecules. Recent studies showed the antitumor effect of T. cruzi calreticulin (TcCRT). This protein is translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum to the area of flagellum emergence in this parasite. There, it inhibits the complement system, serves as pro phagocytosis signal, and has antiangiogenic properties that protect the host from neoplastic aggressions. Calreticulin (CRT) from mammals has several intracellular functions; as a regulator of calcium homeostasis, gene expression and protein folding. Although, depending on tumor type, its overexpression has been associated with increased metastatic ability, in general, CRT surface location, is a sign of damage, leading to the phagocytosis of the cell by macrophages. In tumor cells, surface CRT would lead also, to activation of an immune response. In this project it is proposed that, by inhibiting angiogenesis, recombinant TcCRT (rTcCRT) generates a stressful microenvironment for tumor cells. In response, they translocate murine CRT (MmCRT) to the cell surface, as a sign of damage, or rTcCRT upon binding surface tumor cells, generates “eat me signals”, thus mediating an immune response, resulting in increased infiltration of lymphocytes in the tumor tissue, contributing to impaired development. To address this possibility, an in vivo murine methotrexate resistant (TA3-MTXR) mammary adenocarcinoma model was used. Tumor tissue was obtained from mice treated or untreated with rTcCRT, to analyze the mRNA expression of MmCRT by qPCR and, by flow cytometry, the expression of CRT surface and infiltrating lymphocytes was analyzed. The results show increased expression of CRT on the surface of tumor cells of animals receiving rTcCRT, and increased CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in these treated tumors. Moreover, rTcCRT did not affect the levels of expression of messenger RNA of murine CRT in tumor tissues. In short, rTcCRT modulates the immune response, inducing “eat-me signals”, increased infiltrating lymphocytes, resulting inhibition of tumor growth.
Bravo, Jaimes Sheyla Marilis. « Efectos antibacterianos de las combinaciones alternativas de la droga 3mix y mp sobre bacterias prevalentes en necrosis pulpar ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4459.
Texte intégralTesis
Barčaitė, Laura. « Giberelinų ir jų biosintezės inhibitorių poveikis drebulės (Populus tremula L.) eksplantų vystymuisi in vitro kultūroje ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080628_090027-34628.
Texte intégralThe aim of this research work was to investigate the effect of gibberellins and gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors on common aspen (Populus tremula L.) explants. In comparison to phytohormones of auxin and cytokinin classes that are widely applied for the micropropagation of trees, the effect of gibberellins on woody plants in in vitro culture is not so well known. The investigation of this effect seems to be important because of the possibility of practical application, inasmuch as the need for vegetatively multiplied trees, especially for aspens suitable for plantation forestry, is constantly increasing.
Calixto, Cotos María Rosario. « Evaluación de los componentes bioactivos, actividad inhibitoria hialuronidasa y la capacidad antioxidante de Pourouma cecropiifolia C. Martius “Uvilla Amazónica” ». Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11474.
Texte intégralTesis
Ferrer, Añó Aránzazu. « Estudio de la mediación del sistema histaminérgico en el efecto producido por la amitriptilina sobre la evitación inhibitoria en ratones ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10199.
Texte intégralThe purpose of the present work was to study whether the inhibitory avoidance impairment produced by acute administration of amitriptyline in mice is mediated by its anti-histaminergic action. To this purpose, a histaminergic precursor, L-histidine, was administered. Male and female CD1 mice received a single injection of amitriptyline, L-histidine or combinations of amitriptyline and L-histidine. All groups received the treatment before the training phase of the behavioural task. The test phase was carried out twenty-four hours later. Treatment with L-histidine did not produce a significant effect. These findings suggest that the antihistaminergic effect of amitriptyline is not responsible for its impairing effect on memory because L-histidine did not reverse this effect. It was administered pirylamine (a H1 antihistaminergic drug) combined with amitriptyline.Also it was administered fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) to study whether the inhibitory avoidance impairment produced by acute administration of amitriptyline in mice is mediated by its serotonergic action.
Bugueño, Díaz Ítalo Alejandro. « Evaluación de las propiedades inhibitorias sobre enzimas que regulan la glicemia de extractos de hojas de diferentes genotipos de Ugni molinae ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137517.
Texte intégralAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento hasta enero de 2018
Ugni molinae Turcz., conocida tradicionalmente como murtilla, es una especie autóctona que crece en forma silvestre y abundante en las regiones del sur de Chile. A sus hojas la medicina folclórica le ha atribuido varias propiedades medicinales; sus infusiones son utilizadas por sus propiedades astringentes, aromáticas, estimulantes, analgésicas y antiinflamatorias, así como también para aliviar las dolencias de las vías urinarias, entre otros usos. Estudios químicos y farmacológicos realizados en el Laboratorio de Productos Naturales de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, U. de Chile; confirmaron la presencia de compuestos triterpénicos en las hojas de murtilla, tales como los ácidos betulínico, ursólico, oleanólico, alfitólico, corosólico, madecásico, maslínico y asiático, además de compuestos polifenólicos como ácido gálico, quercetina, miricetina, canferol, epicatequina y algunos de sus derivados glicosilados. Se le atribuyen a ambos grupos de compuestos los efectos inhibidores de la glicógeno fosforilasa a (GPa), e inhibidores de la proteína tirosina fosfatasa 1B (PTP1B). El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un estudio comparativo de las propiedades inhibitorias de la GPa y la PTP1B de extractos de acetato de etilo (EAEs) y etanólico (EETs) de las hojas de diez diferentes genotipos de U. molinae, cultivados y recolectados en las mismas condiciones. Para esto se realizaron los ensayos de inhibición de GPa y PTP1B, los resultados se analizaron por espectrofotometría y se compararon por análisis de varianza de una vía ANOVA y test de Tuckey, considerando que los resultados tuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para p < 0,05. Los resultados indicaron que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las concentraciones inhibitorias 50 (CI50) entre los diferentes genotipos de los extractos evaluados en el ensayo de inhibición de GPa y que existe diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la capacidad inhibitoria a las concentraciones evaluadas entre los diferentes genotipos de los extractos evaluados en el ensayo de inhibición de PTP1B. Esto confirma que la diferencia genética si influencia las propiedades farmacológicas de la especie
Ugni molinae Turcz., traditionally known as ‘murtilla’, is a native Chilean species which grows wild and plentiful in the south of the country. The folk medicine has attributed medicinal properties to the infusion of the murtilla leaves, using it for its astringent, aromatic, stimulating, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties; as well as relieving ailments of the urinary tract, among other uses. Chemical and pharmacological studies in the Natural Products Laboratory of the Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile; confirmed the presence of triterpene compounds in murtilla leaves, such as betulinic, ursolic, oleanolic, alphitolic, corosolic, madecassic, maslinic and asiatic acids, as well as polyphenolic compounds like gallic acid, quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, epicatechin and some of their glycosylated derivatives. Both groups of compounds have inhibitory effects on glycogen phosphorylase a (GPa), and also they are inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative study of inhibitory properties of the leaves of ten different U. molinae genotypes, by ethyl acetate (EAEs) and ethanol (ETEs) extracts, on PTP1B and GPa. In order to do it, they were performed inhibition assays of GPa and PTP1B, the results were analyzed by spectrophotometry and compared by analysis of variance ANOVA and Tuckey test, considering that the results have statistically significant differences at p <0.05. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) between different genotypes of the extracts tested in the inhibition assay of GPa, and that there is statistically significant difference in the inhibitory capacity at the concentrations evaluated between the different genotypes extracts evaluated for inhibition of PTP1B. This confirms that the genetic difference of this species influences the pharmacological properties of it
Fondecyt
Sabater, Mora Mercè. « Valoració de la nicotina intraseptal en rates alcohòliques abstinents i no-abstinents, en aprenentatge excitatori i inhibitori ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5485.
Texte intégralParaules clau: Consum crònic i voluntari d'alcohol; Abstinència; Nicotina; Septum medial.
The current knowledge about chronic alcohol consumption effect on the CNS is still limited. Despite to have identificated some of the changes that underlie phenomenons as tolerance and dependence, we still unknown the main mechanism responsible of addiction. Several studies have focused on GABAergic, glutamatergic, dopaminergic or serotoninergic transmission. These systems, whereas they become adapted by chronic alcohol, after an abstinence period their adaptation is reverted or compensed, for this reason, they could not be the main support of a permanent fenomenon as addiction. Previous studies, done with chronic alcohol drinking animals, have shown significant differences between alcohol and control groups in several excitatory and inhibitory learning processes. On the other hand, it has been identificated several physiologic and molecular changes in the nicotinic cholinergic transmission of these alcoholic animals. These changes, sensitization by up-regulation of the nicotinic receptor, are supposed to be irreversible. However, we unknow if these learning processes, and the underlying neural substratum, are also modificated during abstinence in these alcoholic animals. One of the main objectives of this thesis is to study the functional state of the nicotinic cholinergic function of the septo-hippocampal pathway during abstinence. For this purpose, we have evaluated the effect of an intraseptal injection of nicotine upon the acquisition and extinction of lever-press response during the alcohol abstinence (Experiment I). Furthermore, we have studied the acquisition of an inhibitory learning in order to know the implication and functional state of that pathway over behaviour control during withdrawal. For this purpose, after the acquisition of a discriminative learning (with excitatory and inhibitory stimulus), we have evaluated the effect of an intraseptal injection of nicotine on the capacity of the animal to inhibit a response, in the Pavlov's Two Stimuli Test and extinction session, during alcohol abstinence (Experiment II). Results obtained in Experiment I show that alcohol abstinence drastically impaired in the alcoholic animal the acquisition of a simple learning. On the other hand, nicotine has opposed effects in Abstinent and Non-Abstinent alcoholic animals. In Non-Abstinent subgroup, subjects that received nicotine 10nM show the worst acquisition, taking threefold more time to attain the criterion compared with saline subgroup, while in the case of the Abstinent, nicotine neutralizes the disruptive effect of abstinence at the dose of 20nM. The alcoholic Non-Abstinent animals compared with those of the control group show a functional sensitization to the intraseptal nicotine with an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve that appears shifted leftwards and with a significative increase of the maximum effect. Results obtained in Experiment II show that abstinence has a disruptive effect over the inhibitory control that is more pronounced in alcoholic animals (sensitization). Regarding nicotine effect in Pavlov's Two Stimuli Test, we observe a dose-dependent disruptive effect in Non-Abstinent subgroup while in the case of Abstinent it has the opposite effect improving their inhibitory control. The dose-response curve for the intraseptal nicotine injection in the Abstinent alcoholic animals compared to the same curve for the Non-Abstinent, shows an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve that appears shifted leftwards (sensitization). Overall results show that alcoholic subjects have an exacerbated reactivity to the intraseptal nicotine when compared to the control group. During alcohol abstinence, the response of that subjects is significantly different of that one of the Non-Abstinent, while the nicotine administration "normalizes" the Abstinent animals response equaling them to the Non-Abstinent injected with saline. All these results are congruent with a functional sensitization of the nicotinic cholinergic response to the concurrent action of alcohol and nicotine. During abstinence nicotine seems to substitute the alcohol and to neutralize the abstinence caused by that drug. Those properties would characterize the alcoholic brain and would distinguish it from the control one, implications for pharmacological therapies are discussed.
Keywords: Chronic voluntary alcohol; Withdrawal; Nicotine; Medial septum.
Cosco, Robles Dany Alejandro. « Actividad inhibitoria del crecimiento de Streptococcus mutans y de flora mixta salival por acción de aceite esencial de la Matricaria chamomilla manzanilla ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2149.
Texte intégral-- Streptococcus mutans is recognized as the most important organism in the initiation of caries, which leads to design preventive measures directed towards the elimination or reduction of this bacterium in the oral cavity. We now know that medicinal plants have multiple health benefits well known, but their use as the main bacteriostatic bacterium involved in plaque formation and gets no further referente. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of Matricaria chamomilla "chamomile" mixed flora on salivary mutans strain isolated from the group of mixed bacteria strain pattern salivary mutans ATCC ® streptoccocus 25175TM. Methods: We used different concentrations of Matricaria chamomilla essential oil "chamomile" and a control group 0.12% chlorhexidine (CH) and measured the inhibition halos formed around filter disks soaked with each of concentrations of mixed salivary flora strain isolated from the mixed flora group of salivary mutans and mutans strain pattern ATCC ® streptoccocus 25175TM. Results: The concentrations of 25%, 50% and 100% of essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla "chamomile" showed inhibitory effect positive mixed flora in cultured salivary mutans strain isolated from the group of mixed flora and salivary mutans strain streptoccocus pattern, the clorhexidina0.12% control group showed greater inhibitory effect on the three levels in the study groups evaluated except the 100% concentration which showed no statistically significant difference with the control group on clorhexidina0.12% streptoccocus pattern mutans strain ATCC ® 25175TM.
Tesis
Orihuela, Gutiérrez Josué Braisson. « Actividad inhibitoria del extracto etanólico de Theobroma cacao L. sobre el crecimiento y adherencia in vitro de Streptococcus mutans a esmalte dentario ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/5485.
Texte intégralTesis
Quispe, Bravo Bernardo Esteban. « Actividad inhibitoria de los aceites esenciales de Lippia alba contra el virus zika en células VERO – 76 y C6/36 de Aedes albopictus ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9208.
Texte intégralTesis
Landeo, Villanueva Guillermo Ernesto. « Actividad inhibitoria de los aceites esenciales comerciales de Mentha spicata y Eucalyptus globulus sobre biopelículas de Streptococcus mutans en un modelo in vitro ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7652.
Texte intégralEvalúa la actividad inhibitoria de los aceites esenciales de Mentha spicata (hierba buena) y Eucalyptus globulus (eucalipto) de origen comercial sobre el desarrollo de biopelículas de Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 en un modelo in vitro, emulando las condiciones de la placa dental. La composición de los aceites esenciales (AE) se evaluó por Cromatografía de Gases acoplada a Espectrómetro de Masas (CG/EM) siendo los principales metabolitos el R-(–)-carvona (57,93%) y Llimoneno (12,907%) para Mentha spicata y el 1,8-cineol (eucaliptol) (65,83%) para Eucalyptus globulus. Se evaluó la actividad inhibitoria de los AE por los métodos de difusión en pozo de agar y microdilución colorimétrica. Los halos de inhibición fueron de 18,3 ± 0,47 mm y 27,0 ± 0,82 mm y los CMI de 1,8484 x 10-3 mg/mL y 1,9168 x 10-3 mg/mL, para los AE de Mentha spicata y Eucalyptus globulus respectivamente. La actividad frente a biopelículas se evaluó en un sustrato de piezas de esmalte dental bovino, empleando medio basal de mucina (BMM), en condiciones de anaerobiosis y ciclos diarios de exposición a la sacarosa, para emular las condiciones de la cavidad oral. Los AE se aplicarón a una concentración de 0,5% en un vehículo salino estéril con polisorbato 20 al 1%. Tras 72 horas de cultivo, se observó una reducción significativa (P <0,001%) en la biomasa de la biopelícula, evaluada por su turbidez en suspensión, y en el recuento de organismos recuperables respecto al control. Los efectos de ambos AE no resultaron significativamente distintos entre sí. Ambos AE presentan actividad antimicrobiana frente a S. mutans en cultivos planctónicos y de biopelícula, por lo que podría tener gran potencial para el desarrollo de productos farmacéuticos y sanitarios en el área de la salud oral.
Tesis
Dejan, Beuković. « Hranljiva vrednost sirovog i termički obrađenog zrna soje u ishrani tovnih pilića u zavisnosti od nivoa tripsin inhibitora ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2014. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=87693&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralSoybean is one of the basic feed used in the chickens diet for , to satisfy the proteinand essential amino acids needs. By total protein content and their biological value,the soybean is classified as one of the best protein sources, whose amino acidstructure can fully meet the needs of chickens in almost all essential amino acids.The presence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI), and other thermolabileantinutritional factors limiting the use of soy with necessary thermal processing.Selection progress has enabled the creation of new varieties that have lower levels ofanti-nutritional factors, including the variety "Lana". Our results showed that the useof soybean variety "Lana" in mixtures (grower and finisher) for broilers at theconcentration of 30% gave a significantly lower production parameters, as comparedto heat-treated, but also a significant better, compared to the thermally non-treatedsoybean variety with standard level of KTI . Noted Economic efficiency and thePrice index in the SL group was almost the same as in the group with thermaltreatment. Largest surface and height of the villi and crypt depth was observed in theSL group. We found a statistically significant hypertrophy of the pancreas andenlargement of the liver in the SS group and a significant increase in pancreatic atSL group compared to the groups with thermal treatment. Evident is significantlyworse digestibility of nutrients (marker method , and the method of total collection )in the SL and SS groups opposed to those groups that were on the thermal treatment.When using a different levels of variety " Lana" in the finisher ( pelleted ) diets forbroilers , in terms of production parameters, values obtained were satisfactory withsporadic deviations in groups and SL14% SL21% . Also index price and economicefficiency is highly approximate to the control group. The digestibility at the distalileum was significantly better in the control and the SL 7%, group in contrast to theproximal ileum, where is no statistical significance. The digestibility of nitrogen inthe distal ileum was significantly inferior to 21% SL group, and in the proximalileum, there is no statistically significant differences. Nitrogen retention wassignificantly better control, and in 7%SL group. Considering all the results, the useof variety "Lana" in diet for broilers without heat treatment is not recommended inthe grower mixture (from 11 day) at the concentration of 30%, but it is freelyavailable for use in pellet for of finisher mixture, at levels up to 14% of mixture.
Queupil, Carrasco María José. « Actividad inhibitoria de glicógeno fosforilasa A de los extractos obtenidos desde las hojas de Ugni molinae Turcz. (murtilla) Myrtaceae : identificación de los principios activos ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/112090.
Texte intégralMurtilla, Ugni molinae Turcz, es un arbusto autóctono que crece en forma silvestre y abundante desde la VII hasta la X región, conocida principalmente por sus frutos comestibles. La medicina popular le atribuye diversas propiedades tales como aromática, astringente, estimulante, alivia dolencias de la vía urinaria, entre otras. Sus hojas son utilizadas por la industria dermocosmética como regeneradora de la piel y neutralizadora del estrés oxidativo. Estudios previos realizados en nuestro laboratorio demostraron que las hojas de esta especie son una rica fuente de triterpenoides pentacíclicos derivados de los núcleos ursano, oleanano y lupano, a los cuales tanto en la literatura como estudios realizados en el laboratorio han establecido que poseen propiedades analgésicas, antiinflamatorias, antioxidantes e hipoglicemiantes. Siendo, esto último de relevancia, pues darían cuenta de propiedades antidiabéticas en las hojas de esta planta El objetivo de este trabajo fue aislar e identificar principios activos desde hojas de murtilla y ensayar actividad inhibitoria de diferentes extractos sobre la enzima glicógeno fosforilasa. En el presente trabajo, se utilizaron las hojas de esta especie, las cuales fueron secadas y trituradas para preparar distintos extractos por maceración hasta total agotamiento con solventes de polaridad creciente, obteniéndose los extractos de hexano (HEX), diclorometano (EDCM), acetato de etilo (EAE) y etanol (EET). Este último fue purificado mediante dos técnicas: extracción líquido-líquido y extracción sólido-líquido (Soxhlet) para así obtener una fracción rica en sapogeninas triterpénicas, cuyos productos se denominaron F-AcEt y SAE. Estas fracciones fueron repurificadas mediante sucesivas columnas cromatográficas de sílica gel y Sephadex® LH-20; y finalmente analizadas mediante placas cromatográficas preparativas para aislar una nueva genina denominada U7 y una mezcla de X y U7. U7 fue aislada e identificada como ácido madecásico (ácido 2α, 3β, 6β, 23 tetrahidroxi-urs-12(13)-eno-28-oico). En tanto que X aún no ha sido completamente identificada. La caracterización de los compuestos se realizó mediante espectroscopia de masa y espectroscopia de resonancia magnética nuclear unidimensional. El ensayo de inhibición de glicógeno fosforilasa a (GPa) fue realizado midiendo colorimétricamente a 660 nm la liberación del ión fosfato como producto de la reacción enzimática en dirección de la síntesis de glicógeno a partir de glucosa-1-fosfato. Las muestras a evaluar fueron disueltas en DMSO a una concentración de 60 μg/mL. Los resultados demostraron que un extracto estandarizado de Centella asiatica y sólo los extractos EAE, EET y sub-extracto SAE poseen actividad, obteniéndose los siguientes resultados de % inhibición frente a GPa ± SD: 53,8 ± 4,3; 45,9 ± 4,3; 92,2 ± 1,1 y 91,6 ± 1,2 respectivamente. La actividad de los extractos evaluados podría ser atribuida a los triterpenoides pentacíclicos presentes en estos extractos bioactivos. En síntesis se contribuyó a ampliar el conocimiento de la composición química de esta especie autóctona y se logró evaluar su efecto sobre GPa, otorgando grandes perspectivas en los estudios químicos-farmacológicos para esta especie nativa.
Murtilla, Ugni molinae Turcz is a native shrub that grows wild and abundant from VII to X region and it is known for its edible fruits. Folk medicine attributes to it many properties such as aromatic, astringent, stimulant, relieves ailments of the urinary tract, among others. Its leaves are used by dermocosmetics industry as regeneration of the skin and neutralizing oxidative stress. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that the leaves of this species are a rich source of pentacyclic triterpenoids derived from the ursane, oleanane and lupane skeletons, to which both the literature and our studies have established that have properties analgesic, inflammatory, antioxidant and hypoglycemic. Being the three latter of relevance since it would be linked antidiabetic properties in the leaves of this plant The aim of this study was to isolate and identify active ingredients from leaves of murtilla and evaluate their inhibitory activity of different extracts on the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. Dry and powdered leaves were used to prepare different extracts by maceration until total exhaustion with solvents of increasing polarity obtaining the hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (EDCM), ethyl acetate (EAE) and ethanol (EET) extracts. The latter was purified by two techniques: liquid-liquid extraction and solid-liquid extraction (Soxhlet) to obtain a fraction rich in triterpene sapogenins, whose products were called F-AcEt and SAE. These fractions were repurified by successive silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatographic columns, and finally by preparative chromatographic plates, to isolate a new genin called U7 and a mixture of X and U7. U7 was isolated and identified as madecassic acid (2α, 3β, 6β, 23 tetrahydroxy-urs-12(13)-ene-28-oic acid). While X has not been completely identified. The characterization of the compounds was performed by HPLC-ESI-MSn and 1H- and 13C-NMR . The inhibition assay of glycogen phosphorylase a (GPa) was determined colorimetrically at 660 nm by measuring the release of phosphate ion as a product of the enzymatic reaction toward the synthesis of glycogen from glucose-1-phosphate. The samples were dissolved in DMSO assessing a final concentration of 60 μg/mL. The results showed that a standardized extract of Centella asiatica and only EAE, EET extracts and SAE sub-extract possess activity with a inhibitory effect against GPa ± SD of: 53.8 ± 4.3; 45.9 ± 4.3; 92.2 ± 1.1 and 91.6 ± 1.2 % respectively. The activity of the evaluated extracts could be attributed to the bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoids present in these extracts. Briefly, this study allowed to increase the knowledge of the chemical composition of Ugni molinae leaves and assessing their effect on GPa, releasing great prospects in the chemical and pharmacological studies of this native species
Fondecyt
Jelena, Nakomčić. « Proučavanje korozije bakra u prisustvu odabranih derivata tiazola ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101712&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralIn this work, the efficiency of selected thiazole derivatives in the inhibition of corrosion of copper in the acidic sulfate solution is determined in the function ofthe inhibitors concentration by weight loss method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiostatic polarization. The dependence of the inhibition efficiency of temperature and kinetic parameters of the process of corrosion ofcopper as well as adsorption isotherm model according to which takes place the process of adsorption of inhibitors and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters were also determined by polarization measurements. A process of electrochemical copper dissolution and adsorption of tested inhibitors is followedin situ by quartz crystal microbalance measurements Changes in the morphology of the copper surface due to the effects of corrosive environment and the solutions of the inhibitors were studied by SEM/EDX analysis.The experimental results were correlated with theoretical calculations at the density functional theory level.
Boronat, Barbeta Marta. « Análisis de las funciones ejecutivas de memoria de trabajo y control inhibitorio en alumnado con implante coclear en Educación Infantil ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/14113.2021.714948.
Texte intégralThis research is based on two studies over the field of Executive Functions (EFs) in pupils with cochlear implant (CI), at the pre-school stage to determine whether CI preschoolers it would have possible deficits in the development of the memory and the inhibition in comparative with normal-hearing preschoolers (study 1), and to determine what are the effects in these EFs thanks to the cognitive training through the pilot roll out plan based on directive playing sessions (study 2). Both studies were assessed on a standardized measure of language and various tasks on the EFs of memory (verbal and spatial) and inhibition (cognitive and motor). This research shows that it is possible that deaf preschoolers would have risk in the development of verbal memory from the age of 3-4 years. The intervention benefit executive abilities development for normal-hearing preschoolers and with CI and the performance is maintained until 3 months after.
Programa de Doctorat en Educació
Urquiza, Torres Adoración de los Reyes. « Estudio de la intervención del sistema colinérgico en el efecto producido por la amitriptilina en una tarea de evitación inhibitoria en ratones macho y hembras ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10193.
Texte intégralIn previous studies carried out in our laboratory, we have found that amitriptyline and other antidepressants produce impairing effects in learning tasks in mice of both sexes. The main goal of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the involvement of the cholinergic system in the impairment produced by acute amitriptyline of an inhibitory avoidance task (also called passive avoidance) in male and female CD1 mice. For this purpose, in a total of eight experiments we evaluated the effects on said task of acute i.p. administration of several doses of amitriptyline, either alone or in combination with the cholinergic agonists oxotremorine and physostigmine. Pre-training administration of 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 mg/Kg of amitriptyline produced a significant impairment in both males and females. Oxotremorine (0.05 or 0.1 mg/Kg), when co-administered with amitriptyline, had no significant effects, although a tendency to counteract the antidepressant's impairing effect was observed. Finally, physostigmine (0.15, 0.3 or 0.6 mg/Kg) significantly counteracted the impairment produced by amitriptyline in both males and females. These results demonstrate that the inhibitory avoidance impairment produced by amitriptyline in male and female mice is mediated, at least partially, by the cholinergic system.
Peña, Cerda Marcelo Edgardo. « Determinación de la sapogenina mayoritaria obtenida de las saponinas de hojas de Ugni molinae, Turcz. (Murtilla) y evaluación de la actividad inhibitoria sobre glicógeno fosforilasa A ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105366.
Texte intégralLa murtilla (Ugni molinae), Myrtaceae es un arbusto nativo, de gran importancia debido a la exportación de sus frutos. Diversos estudios han comprobado la actividad analgésica y antiinflamatoria de las hojas de esta planta, siendo la más reciente, que las sapogeninas de esta especie poseen efecto inhibitorio sobre la enzima glicógeno fosforilasa a (GPa). Esto define los objetivos de este estudio, los cuales son: la obtención de un crudo de saponinas (CS), la determinación de la sapogenina mayoritaria obtenida de la hidrólisis de CS mediante CLAE y la posterior evaluación del efecto inhibitorio sobre GPa de CS y de su hidrolizado (CSH). Con este fin, se prepararon distintos extractos de hojas de murtilla con solventes de polaridad creciente, siendo uno de ellos el extracto etanólico (EET). El EET fue eluído a través de una columna de poliamida con MeOH, obteniéndose EETlt, el cual se secó para obtener su rendimiento, y luego fue extraído con ayuda de un equipo soxhlet con agua, obteniéndose AET. El sub-extracto AET fue filtrado, extraído con n-BuOH y rotavaporado, obteniéndose el crudo de saponinas (CS), y comprobándose la presencia de saponinas mediante CCF (utilizando p-anisaldehido como revelador). El CS fue redisuelto en HCl 2 N, y calentado a reflujo por 2 horas, el residuo obtenido fue filtrado y luego secado en estufa a 50° C, llamándose CSH. Posteriormente, tanto CS como CSH, fueron analizados y comparados mediante CLAE, lo que permitió determinar la sapogenina mayoritaria del hidrolizado, la cual resultó ser el ácido asiático. El efecto inhibitorio sobre GPa de FS y FSH fue evaluado mediante espectrofotometría, utilizando cafeína como compuesto de referencia. De los resultados se obtuvo que el CS a altas concentraciones presenta un efecto inhibitorio de un 60%, pero para el hidrolizado, el método no fue capaz de determinar la inhibición por la alta absorbancia que presenta la muestra por si sola. Estos resultados, permitieron contribuir al trabajo realizado en el laboratorio, y al mismo tiempo permiten ampliar el conocimiento químico-farmacológico de esta planta nativa
Veas, Albornoz Rubén Elías. « Evaluación de la actividad inhibitoria de [alfa]-glucosidasa de los extractos de hojas de diez genotipos de Ugni molinae Turcz. y determinación del tipo de inhibición ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/140238.
Texte intégralAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento hasta enero de 2020
Ugni molinae Turcz., Myrtaceae conocida normalmente como murta o murtilla es un arbusto nativo siempre-verde del centro-sur y sur de Chile. La medicina folclórica le atribuye muchas propiedades y entre sus usos destaca como tratamiento para la diabetes al consumir la infusión de sus hojas y ramas. Se han demostrado la presencia de ácidos triterpénicos pentacíclicos y polifenoles en los extractos de murtilla con potente actividad inhibitoria de α-glucosidasa. Su inhibición permite la disminución del peak postprandial de glucosa al retardar y disminuir la absorción de monosacáridos. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la actividad inhibitoria de α-glucosidasa de extractos etanólicos (EETs) y acetato de etilo (EAEs) de hojas de 10 genotipos de U. molinae cultivadas en las mismas condiciones edafoclimaticas y manejo agronómico y determinar su mecanismo de inhibición. El estudio se llevó a cabo mediante el método espectrofotométrico de inhibición de α-glucosidasa utilizando pNPG como sustrato, descrito previamente por Kim et al. (2001) con las modificaciones correspondientes. Los resultados sugieren que los extractos más potentes corresponden a los EET 23-2 y EAE 27-1 observándose diferencias significativas en un 70% y un 60% de los genotipos respectivamente con valores de CI50 de 1,12 0,07 y 8,20 0,20 g/mL. Sin embargo todos los extractos fueron más potentes que acarbosa, fármaco de referencia (CI50 = 251,0 34,0 g/mL). Además el genotipo 23-2 para ambos extractos presento un comportamiento de inhibidor acompetitivo y el genotipo 27-1, de inhibidor no competitivo mixto, evaluados por la gráfica de Lineweaver- Burk y los cambios en sus constantes cinéticas. Se concluye que los genotipos difieren en potencia y tipo de inhibición debido al factor genético. En general los genotipos 23-2 y 27-1 que no presentan diferencias con los genotipos 19-1 y 14-4 poseen buenas proyecciones in vivo para el potencial tratamiento de DMT2, dada sus actividades antioxidantes e inhibidoras de enzimas claves en la DMT2 in vitro
Ugni molinae Turcz., Myrtaceae generally known as murta or murtilla is an evergreen shrub native of south-central and southern Chile. Folk medicine attributes many properties and among its uses include as a treatment for diabetes by consuming the infusion of its leaves and branches. It has demonstrated the presence of pentacyclic triterpenic acids and polyphenols in murtilla extracts with potent inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase. Its inhibition allows decreasing the postprandial glucose peak by to decreasing the absorption of monosaccharides. The aim of this study was to compare the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase from etanolic (ETEs) and ethyl acetate (EAEs) leaves extracts of 10 U. molinae genotypes grown in the same soil and climatic conditions and agronomic management and determine its mechanism of inhibition. The study was performed by the spectrophotometric method of inhibiting α-glucosidase using pNPG as substrate, previously described by Kim et al. (2001) with appropriate modifications. The results suggest that ETE 23-2 and EAE 27-1 are more potent with significant differences about 70% and 60% of the genotypes respectively with IC50 values of 1.12 0.07 and 8.20 0.20 g/mL. However all extracts were more potent than acarbose, reference drug (IC50 = 251.0 34.0 g/mL). Besides for both extracts the 23-2 genotype present uncompetitive inhibitor behavior and genotype 27-1, mixed noncompetitive inhibitor, evaluated by the Lineweaver-Burk and changes in their kinetic constants. It is concluded that genotypes differ in power and inhibition type due to genetic factor. In general 23-2 and 27-1 genotypes not show differences with 19-1 and 14-4 genotypes possess good in vivo projections for the potential treatment of T2DM, due to its in vitro antioxidant and inhibiting activities of key enzymes in T2DM
Calle, Condor Maggie Kemy, et Murrieta Gina Marianela Iparraguirre. « “Evaluación de la actividad inhibitoria de la xantina oxidasa in vivo e in vitro de Piper acutifolium y Piper carpunya y la caracterización química de sus extractos” ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/8230.
Texte intégralEvalúa la actividad inhibitoria de la xantina oxidasa in vivo e in vitro de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de Piper acutifolium y Piper carpunya y su caracterización química. Los extractos hidroalcoholicos de las dos especies son separados por cromatografía en papel descendente. Los flavonoides obtenidos en cada fracción son caracterizados por espectrofotometría UV-Visible; en la fracción A y D del extracto de P. acutifolium y la fracción A del extracto Piper carpunya se identifican flavonoles y en las fracciones P de ambos se identifican flavanonas; la identificación de flavonas se determina solo en la fracción C de Piper acutifolium. En el modelo in vitro la especie Piper acutifolium presenta un efecto inhibitorio (p<0,05) de 30,819% a 400 μg/mL y la especie Piper carpunya a la misma concentración un porcentaje de 40,076% de inhibición. En el modelo in vivo se utilizan 30 ratones albinos con hiperuricemia inducida (excepto los sanos) divididos en 5 grupos(n=6): ratones sanos, hiperuricémicos, hiperuricémicos tratados con alopurinol (10mg/kg/día), hiperuricémicos tratados con extracto de P. acutifolium (400mg/kg/día) e hiperuricémicos tratados con extracto de P. carpunya (400mg/kg/día). El ácido úrico sérico disminuye en los grupos tratados con los extractos hidroalcohólicos de Piper acutifolium y Piper carpunya a 3,333 mg/dL y 2,864 mg/dL respectivamente. Los extractos hidroalcohólicos presentan capacidad para el tratamiento de la hiperuricemia que podría deberse a compuestos de naturaleza flavónica capaces de inhibir la actividad enzimática xantina oxidasa.
Tesis
Auškalnis, Stasys. « Prostatos vėžio chemoprevencija dutasteridu esant didelei susirgimo rizikai ». Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100913_131214-61635.
Texte intégralA high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN) is traditionally ascribed to pre-cancerous conditions or prostate cancer (PC) precursors, and associated with an increased risk of concomitant cancer or its later progression to malignant disease. After evaluation of the data indicating HPIN as a pre–cancerous condition, it is thought that the patients having HPIN in the prostate biopsy material are suitable candidates for chemoprevention.The aim of the study was to find out the significance of dutasteride, a 5–alpha reductase inhibitor, for the prevention of development of prostate cancer in case of a high risk for the disease. Objectives of the study: 1. To determine the rate of prostate cancer in case of a high risk for the disease (when a high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia is found in biopsy material). 2. To find out the significance of repeat biopsies for the detection rate of prostate cancer. 3. To find out the significance of the investigatory medication for the prevention of development of prostate cancer in case of a high risk for the disease. 4. To compare the differences in the differentiation of diagnosed prostate cancer between the study groups.
Castilla, Sedano Anderson Javier. « Producción del péptido antibiótico microcina J25 y evaluación de su efecto inhibitorio sobre las cepas de Escherichia coli : ATCC 10536, MG1655 y BLR(DE3) NOVAGEN® ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16447.
Texte intégralMunive, Mendez María Claudia del Pilar, et Quispe Flavia Jimena Cardenas. « Evaluación in vitro del efecto inhibitorio de la terapia fotodinámica sobre Streptococcus mutans (ATCC® 25175) y Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC® 10556) en presencia y ausencia de riboflavina ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651668.
Texte intégralObjective: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of photodynamic therapy (TPD) with blue Light Emitting Diode (LED) on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis in presence and absence of riboflavin (E-101). Materials and methods: Four treatments were performed in presence and absence of blue LED and riboflavin (0.5%) exposure on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. The bacteria were grown in BHI medium and the unit of measurement used was the colony forming units (CFU / ml). Results: Photoactivation with blue LED light at 40 seconds had no inhibitory effect on S. mutans and S. sanguinis. However, when performing photodynamic therapy in presence of riboflavin, it was observed that bacterial growth was lower (p <0.05). Likewise, it was identified that bacterial viability of S. sanguinis is lower than S. mutans, with 40% and 66% respectively. Conclusions: It is concluded that riboflavin has a significant inhibitory effect on the bacterial viability of S. mutans and S. sanguinis.
Tesis
Tanja, Janković. « Uticaj terapije inhibitora faktora tumorske nekroze na mineralnu koštanu gustinu i koštane biohemijske markere-prokolagen tip 1N-terminalni propeptid i beta-crosslaps kod bolesnica sa reumatoidnim artritisom ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=112400&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease resulting from compromised regulation of immune mechanisms. TNF-alpha is one of the key inflammation mediators in RA that, through complex mechanisms stimulates osteoclast activity, thereby modifying the bone remodeling process in the direction of increased bone resorption that can be clinically monitored by determining the level of bone resorption and bone formation markers in urine and serum. Use of TNF has initiated a new concept in RA treatment. Aims: To determine the differences in bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) and values of biochemical markers in bone procollagentype 1 N-terminal propeptide(P1NP) and betacrosslaps before and after yearlong TNF inhibitor therapy. Methods: The study was conducted at the Special Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases Novi Sad partly as retrospective and partly as prospective research, which involved 50 female patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in whom introduction of medications from the TNF inhibitor group was indicated. To be included in the study, patients had to meet certain inclusion/exclusion criteria related to RA and menopause duration, RA treatment, degree of joint impairment, and presence of comorbidities with repercussions for bone tissues. In addition to rheumatological and physical examinations, risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures were determined. At the beginning and one year after commencing TNF inhibitor therapy, osteodensitometry was performed using “Lunar” apparatus, taking measurements on lumbar spine and hip, and serum levels of biochemical markers procollagentype 1 Nterminal propeptide(P1NP) and beta-crosslaps were determined via ECLIA method. Results: Mean patient age was 51.5 years, 84% of whom suffered from RA for up to 5 years, and in the greatest percentage experienced menopause for two years, receiving therapy that in addition to methotrexate included a TNF inhibitor, Etanercept 34%, Adalimumab 46%, Golimumab 9%, and 2% Infliximab. Prior to commencing biological therapy, majority of patients 80% suffered from osteopenia, 14% had normal findings, and osteoporosis was recorded in 6% of patients. At the end of yearlong TNF inhibitor therapy, 18% of patients had normal osteodensitometry findings, 78% had osteopenia and 4% osteoporosis. This change was statistically significant (p = 0.000). As a result of yearlong TNF inhibitor therapy no reduction occurred in BMD (g/cm²) values in lumbar spine and hip. Statistically significantly higher T scores (SD) pertaining to lumbar spine and femur were measured. Values of biochemical markers P1NP and beta-crosslaps significantly improved after yearlong TNF inhibitor therapy, whereby a greater increase was recorded in the biochemical bone synthesis marker, P1NP. Conclusion: Advanced rheumatoid arthritis treatment involves the use of biological compounds such as TNF inhibitors that significantly suppress inflammation and reduce the RANKL/OPG ratio, thereby inhibiting osteoclast activity and preventing bone mineral loss. TNF inhibitor therapy after one year prevented reduction in the BMD (g/cm²) levels, while increasing the T score (SD) and bone biochemical marker values, bone synthesis marker in particular. Despite a large number of studies related to the TNF inhibitor effect on bone, there is presently not enough research on its influence on osteoporosis and bone fracture prevention and bone biochemical marker levels, especially over longer periods, which will likely be the topic of further research.
Coral, Caycho Erick Raul. « Capacidad inhibitoria de los extractos acuosos de los frutos Passiflora tripartita var. mollisima “tumbo serrano” e Hylocereus megalanthus “pitahaya amarilla” sobre las enzimas alfa amilasa y alfa glucosidasa. Estudio de la actividad antioxidante in vitro ». Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/17511.
Texte intégralPerú. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado
Dičkutė, Asta. « Trends in the use of Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and Angiotensin II antagonists in Lithuania on 2005-2007 years ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080616_100311-96511.
Texte intégralTikslas: atlikti Angiotenziną konvertuojančių fermentų inhibitorių ir Angiotenzino II antagonistų suvartojimo tendencijų Lietuvoje analizę 2005 – 2007 metais. Metodai: Duomenys apie Angiotenziną konvertuojančio fermento inhibitorių ir Angiotenzino II antagonistų farmakokinetines ir farmakodinamines savybes buvo surinkti iš MEDLINE elektroninių duomenų šaltinių. Duomenys apie AKF inhibitorių (paprastų ir sudėtinių) ir Angiotenzino II antagonistų (paprastų ir sudėtinių) suvartojimą Lietuvoje per 2005 – 2007 metus gauti iš UAB SoftDent duomenų bazės. Renino-angiotenzino-aldosterono sistemą veikiančių vaistų mažmeninės kainos išrinktos iš Lietuvos kompensuojamų vaistinių preparatų 2005, 2006, 2007 metų kainynų. Vaistai buvo suklasifikuoti pagal anatominę terapinę cheminę (ATC) klasifikaciją. AKFI inhibitorių (paprastų ir sudėtinių) ir Angiotenzino II antagonistų (paprastų ir sudėtinių) suvartojimas buvo vertinamas pagal apibrėžtos dienos dozės (DDD – daily defined dose) metodiką, o duomenys įvertinti pagal DDD skaičių, tenkantį 1000 gyventojų per vieną dieną. AKF inhibitorių (paprastų ir sudėtinių) ir Angiotenzino II antagonistų (paprastų ir sudėtinių) farmakoekonominei analizei atlikti buvo taikytas kainų mažinimo bei standartinės kainos nustatymo metodai. Rezultatai: Vadovaujantis metaanalizių, įvairių klinikinių tyrimų 69 publikacijomis bei išsamia AKF inhibitorių ir Angiotenzino II antagonisų efektyvumo palyginimo analize galima teigti, kad šių vaistų grupių poveikis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Cueto, Corona Marcela. « Optimización funcional de aptámeros de RNA inhibitorios de las isoformas LI1 y LI2 de la esfingomielinasa D, toxina principal del veneno la araña de rincón (Loxosceles laeta), mediante reducción de tamaño y modificación química ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148884.
Texte intégralFONDECYT 1100209, LFTG-UCH/14-04, LFTG-UCH/1705, PEEI-FCQF-2017, Beca de arancel 2015-2017 y Beca de asistencia a congreso (XL Reunión Anual de la SBBM, 2017), Escuela de Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile
Martínez, Cutillas Míriam. « Pharmacological targets mediating colonic smooth muscle relaxation ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285127.
Texte intégralThe principal excitatory neurotransmitters in the colon are acetylcholine and tachykinins, while adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (or related purine) and nitric oxide (NO) are the main inhibitory neurotransmitters causing smooth muscle hyperpolarization and the corresponding relaxation. Recently, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) has been proposed as an inhibitory mediator. Moreover, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) related pathways might be involved in the control of gastrointestinal contractility. Relaxation of colonic smooth muscle can be reached either by activation of the inhibitory pathways or by blockade of the excitatory ones. The mechanisms of action of several “spasmolytic” mediators capable for inhibiting smooth muscle contractility have been investigated: activation of inhibitory P2Y1 and EP2/EP4 G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCR), inhibition of the excitatory muscarinic and tachykinergic GPCR and blockade of L‐type and T‐type voltage dependent calcium channels (VDCC). Both in the rat and human colon, the non‐nitrergic relaxation was inhibited either by MRS2500 or apamin, suggesting that the endogenous purine is activating P2Y1 receptors and leading to the opening of small conductance calcium‐activated potassium channels. Several purinergic agonists tested (ATP, ADP, β‐NAD and ADP‐ribose) inhibited spontaneous contractions but were not antagonized neither by MRS2500 nor apamin. On the contrary, α,β‐ meATP, a stable analogue of ATP widely considered as a P2X agonist, perfectly mimicked the pharmacological profile of the purinergic transmitter in both species. Activation of EP2/EP4 inhibitory GPCR led to relaxation of murine circular colonic smooth muscle. In wild type (WT) animals, PGE2 and butaprost concentration‐dependently inhibited spontaneous contractions and hyperpolarized smooth muscle cells. Combination of both EP2 (PF‐04418948) and EP4 receptor selective antagonists (L‐161,982) was needed to block PGE2 effects, suggesting activation of both EP2 and EP4 receptors. Butaprost inhibitory responses were totally abolished by PF‐04418948. In EP2‐knockout mice, no effects were observed after butaprost exogenous addition whereas PGE2 induced relaxation and hyperpolarization was fully antagonized by L‐ 161,982. In WT animals, EP2 and EP4 receptor antagonists caused smooth muscle depolarization and increased spontaneous mechanical activity, suggesting a constitutive release of prostaglandins acting on such receptors. Cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ‐lyase (CSE) are two enzymes responsible for H2S production. In the human colon, combination of the CSE inhibitor D,L‐propargylglycine and the CBS inhibitor Aminooxyacetic acid depolarized the smooth muscle and elicited a transient tone increase. The H2S donor NaHS concentration‐dependently inhibited spontaneous contractions in the presence of tetrodotoxin. This effect was partially reduced by the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ and by the NO synthases blocker L‐NNA. NaHS reversibly blocked neural mediated cholinergic and tachykinergic contractions and also concentration dependently reduced the increase in spontaneous mechanical activity induced by carbachol and neurokinin A (NKA). H2S might be an endogenous gasomediator regulating human colonic contractility and its inhibitory effect could be due to a possible synergistic effect with NO as well as by an interaction with the cholinergic and tachykinergic pathways. The pharmacological properties of the spasmolytic drug otilonium bromide (OB) have also been investigated. OB concentration‐dependently inhibited nifedipine sensitive calcium transients induced by KCl and BayK8644 and also CaCl2 induced contractions in colonic strips. In the presence of nifedipine, OB inhibited atropinesensitive carbachol‐induced and electrical field stimulation‐induced muscarinic responses. Moreover, OB inhibited NKA and CaCl2 induced calcium transients. These results demonstrate that OB causes inhibition of L‐/T‐type VDCC, muscarinic and tachykininergic responses that acting together might explain the pharmacological properties of the compound. The results presented in the present work suggest that the inhibitory pathways related to P2Y1 and EP2/EP4 GPCR and H2S should be considered as potential pharmacological targets that produce smooth muscle relaxation and therefore could be useful tools to treat spasticity in colonic motor disorders. Further investigation is needed in order to find out their real therapeutic potential.
Nebojša, Kladar. « Biološko-hemijska karakterizacija vrsta roda Hypericum L. (Hypericaceae) centralnog dela Balkanskog poluostrva i tipifikacija čajeva na bazi kantariona ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104729&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralThe genus Hypericum includes more than 500 different species classified in 36 sections. The most known representative of genus is St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum, Hypericaceae). Chemical characterization of St. John's wort was the subject of many conducted researches which demonstrated the presence of different classes of compounds, as well as a wide spectrum of biological potential. However, the studies have also shown the presence of the same compounds in other representative of the genus Hypericum, justifying the evaluation of their chemical composition and biological potential. Considering the fact that St. John's wort is rarely being cultivated, rather collected from nature, unqualified collectors may substitute the official biological source of Hyperici herba (H. perforatum subsp. perforatum, Hypericaceae) for morphologically similar representatives of the genus, consequently affecting the quantities of active principles and biological potential of the drug. The aims of this PhD thesis were to evaluate the influence of geographical origin and stage of ontogenetic development of biological source on qualitative and quantitative chemical composition and biological potential of water - alcoholic extract of different Hypericum taxa, as well as to determine the quality (grinding degree, biological source, chemical composition and biological potential) of commercially available St. John’s wort teas on the market. The plant material included samples of 32 taxa of genus Hypericum, as well as 51 commercially available sample of monocomponent teas based on St. John's wort collected at territory of central part of Balkan Peninsula, central Europe, Russia and Turkey, during period 2011 - 2016. High amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids were quantified in the most of the examined extracts. Quantification of hypericin showed its presence in all of the samples collected during flowering period, while that was also the ontogenetic stage of its maximum accumulation. Hyperforin was also quantified in most of the samples collected during flowering period, following the hypericin trend of accumulation. On the other hand, apigenin and epicatechin were not detected in large number of the examined extracts, while naringenin was detected in less than 50% of samples. Amentoflavone was present in less than 30% of the examined samples. High amounts of quercetin and rutin were determined in all of the examined samples. No significant changes in the amounts of quercetin during ontogenetic development were noticed, while the highest amounts of rutin were determined in samples collected before, or during flowering. Gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were detected in most of the examined samples (especially in period before opening of the flowers), while ferulic acid was not quantified in more than 80% of samples. The results have demonstrated strong antioxidant potential of the examined extracts. Stronger potential of the examined extracts to inhibit monoamine oxidase A than monoamine oxidase B, as well as stronger anti-α-glucosidase than anti-α-amylase potential were recorded. The obtained anticholinesterase activity of the examined extracts was moderate. The examination of antiproliferative potential of different Hypericum species extracts has shown additive effects in combination with bleomycin (radiomimetic), as well as high selectivity toward cervix and melanoma cancer cells. On the other hand, moderate antiproliferative potential and low selectivity during treatment of cancer cells only with the examined extracts was recorded. Significant share of in toto commercially available tea samples based on St. John's wort was noticed, while different subspecies of H. perforatum were identified as biological sources of the examined teas. Chemical profile and biological potential resemblance between a large number of investigated taxa and H. perforatum point to possibilities of their exploitation. However, the dependence of listed parameters from geographical origin of plant material emphasizes the importance of abiotic ecological factors for the quality of herbal drug. Chemical composition and morphological examination of monocomponent teas based on St. John’s wort stress the importance of their quality control.
Valero, García Ana Vanesa. « Un estudio sobre el desarrollo de la función ejecutiva en niños pequeños a través de una tarea perceptivo-motora ». Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/11029.
Texte intégralTraditionally, the concept of executive function has been used to refer to appropriate behaviours (Mesulam, 2002), that integrate and combine cognitive abilities oriented to a goal (Welsh, Friedman, & Spieker, 2005). In last years, a growing interest in the study of executive function in infancy and childhood has developed (Garon, Bryson, & Smith, 2008). However, its study has been limited due to difficulties in designing tasks that are adapted to the subjects' developmental level. In general, these tasks are mainly based in following abstract, verbal rules and analyze executive control based on direct errors. In contrast to this sort of tasks, our tasks allowed the subjects to build their own rules from the dynamics established between perceptual and action information in the resolution process, so that the direct feedback that children received from their action is crucial. Moreover, our procedure tries to minimize the role of language during goal construction and attainment. The general aim of this study was analysing the development of executive function in young children through the dynamics between perception and action established in the resolution of a task. These will show children's ability to work with both information sources. 150 children (2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 years of age) participated in this study. They were asked to complete three different tasks with an increasing difficulty based on inserting wooden pieces in their axes. Results showed that not only age is related to the ability to discriminate the right criterion to solve the task, but also the processes of change, inhibitory control and task complexity are key questions. Obviously, there's an improvement with age in these abilities, but what seems to be the most relevant aspect in this sort of tasks is that children were able to understand the nature of the task and this contribute to their "willing" to keep looking for a solution to the problem.