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1
Asafu-Adjaye, John, Edwin Kuh, John W. Neese et Peter Hollinger. « Structural Sensitivity in Econometric Models. » Journal of the Operational Research Society 37, no 4 (avril 1986) : 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2582577.
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Asafu-Adjaye, John. « Structural Sensitivity in Econometric Models ». Journal of the Operational Research Society 37, no 4 (avril 1986) : 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.1986.77.
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Majewski, Sebastian, Waldemar Tarczynski et Malgorzata Tarczynska-Luniewska. « Measuring investors’ emotions using econometric models of trading volume of stock exchange indexes ». Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no 3 (30 septembre 2020) : 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(3).2020.21.
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Traditional finance explains all human activity on the ground of rationality and suggests all decisions are rational because all current information is reflected in the prices of goods. Unfortunately, the development of information technology and a growth of demand for new, attractive possibilities of investment caused the process of searching new, unique signals supporting investment decisions. Such a situation is similar to risk-taking, so it must elicit the emotional reactions of individual traders.The paper aims to verify the question that the market risk may be the determinant of traders’ emotions, and if volatility is a useful tool during the investment process as the measure of traders’ optimism, similarly to Majewski’s work (2019). Likewise, various econometric types of models of estimation of the risk parameter were used in the research: classical linear using OLS, general linear using FGLS, and GARCH(p, q) models using maximum likelihood method. Hypotheses were verified using the data collected from the most popular world stock exchanges: New York, Frankfurt, Tokyo, and London. Data concerned stock exchange indexes such as SP500, DAX, Nikkei, and UK100.
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Heckman, James J., et Christopher R. Taber. « Econometric mixture models and more general models for unobservables in duration analysis ». Statistical Methods in Medical Research 3, no 3 (octobre 1994) : 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096228029400300306.
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Fildes, Robert. « Quantitative Forecasting-The State of the Art : Econometric Models ». Journal of the Operational Research Society 36, no 7 (juillet 1985) : 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2582473.
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Fildes, Robert. « Quantitative Forecasting—the State of the Art : Econometric Models ». Journal of the Operational Research Society 36, no 7 (juillet 1985) : 549–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.1985.99.
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Mahmoud, E., J. Motwani et G. Rice. « Forecasting US exports : An illustration using time series and econometric models ». Omega 18, no 4 (1990) : 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0483(90)90027-7.
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Bapna, S. L. « Using Crop Outlook Information for Timely Marketing Decisions in Government ». Vikalpa : The Journal for Decision Makers 11, no 2 (avril 1986) : 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919860205.
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Reliable and timely information on crop prospects is not available in India. As a consequence, market planning of procurement, storage and distribution operations, and pricing of foodgrains and other crops is usually based on subjective judgements of the government officials about the crofj prospects; therefore decisions are ad hoc and sub-optimal. This paper outlines an approach which uses econometric models. It is shown that reliable and timely crop outlook information can be obtained much before harvest at a low cost. It is illustrated how use of such information by the agricultural institutions in the government can improve the management of crop supplies and demand more effectively.
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Adamopoulos, Panagiotis, Anindya Ghose et Alexander Tuzhilin. « Heterogeneous Demand Effects of Recommendation Strategies in a Mobile Application : Evidence from Econometric Models and Machine-Learning Instruments ». MIS Quarterly 46, no 1 (15 février 2022) : 101–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/15611.
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In this paper, we examine the effectiveness of various recommendation strategies in the mobile channel and their impact on consumers’ utility and demand levels for individual products. We find significant differences in effectiveness among various recommendation strategies. Interestingly, recommendation strategies that directly embed social proofs for the recommended alternatives outperform other recommendations. In addition, recommendation strategies combining social proofs with higher levels of induced awareness due to the prescribed temporal diversity have an even stronger effect on the mobile channel. We also examine the heterogeneity of the demand effect across items, users, and contextual settings, further verifying empirically the aforementioned information and persuasion mechanisms and generating rich insights. We also facilitate the estimation of causal effects in the presence of endogeneity using machine-learning methods. Specifically, we develop novel econometric instruments that capture product differentiation (isolation) based on deeplearning models of user-generated reviews. Our empirical findings extend the current knowledge regarding the heterogeneous impact of recommender systems, reconcile contradictory prior results in the related literature, and have significant business implications.
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Basovskaya, Elena, et Leonid Basovskiy. « Some Problems of the Transition to a Foreign Economy in Modern Russia ». Scientific Research and Development. Economics 9, no 5 (3 novembre 2021) : 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2021-9-5-54-57.
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The aim of the work was to identify the problems of transition to a new post-industrial - information economy. To analyze and identify problems, the construction of econometric models of extended production functions was used. The main most com-mon reason for the contradictory influence of new information and digital technologies on the economy in the country is the failure of institutions to meet the requirements of the new economic system. Another important reason is the widely used outdated admin-istrative and control style of management, characteristic of the industrial economy, the difficulties in mastering the use of digital technologies by management personnel.
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Szymszal, J., et B. Gajdzik. « The Use of Some Forecasting Methods and SWOT Analysis in the Selected Processes of Foundry ». Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no 4 (20 décembre 2017) : 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0160.
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Abstract Forecasting and analysis SWOT are helping tools in the business activity, because under conditions of dynamic changes in both closer and more distant surroundings, reliable, forward-looking information and trends analysis are playing a decisive role. At present, the ability to use available data in forecasting and other analyzes according with changes in business environment are the key managerial skills required, since both forecasting and SWOT analysis are a integral part of the management process, and the appropriate level of forecasting knowledge is increasingly appreciated. Examples of practical use of some forecasting methods in optimization of the procurement, production and distribution processes in foundries are given. The possibilities of using conventional quantitative forecasting methods based on econometric and adaptive models applying the creep trend and harmonic weights are presented. The econometric models were additionally supplemented with the presentation of error estimation methodology, quality assessment and statistical verification of the forecast. The possibility of using qualitative forecasts based on SWOT analysis was also mentioned.
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Kucher, Anatolii, Lesia Kucher, Ruslana Taratula et Lesia Dudych. « Formation of Sustainable Competitiveness of Enterprises on Soils of Different Quality ». International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 13, no 3 (juillet 2021) : 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.2021070104.
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The objective of this paper is to highlight the results of assessing the impact of soil quality on the sustainable competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The general hypothesis of the research is based on the assumption of available positive relations between soil quality and sustainable competitiveness of enterprises. The average content of humus is taken as an integral index of soil quality. The authors used correlation analysis (for determine the relationship density between content of humus and subindexes of sustainable competitiveness), econometric modeling (for study of the dependence between content of humus and subindexes of sustainable competitiveness), economic-statistical (for evaluation and analysis of the impact of content of humus on the sustainable competitiveness), abstract-and-logical (for theoretical generalization and analysis of the research results), and graphical (for the visual representation of the revealed dependencies). To receive the results, the statistical software package STATISTICA is used. The obtained results prove the hypothesis of a positive relationship between content of humus and sustainable competitiveness only in the area of sufficient moisture. For example, the research reveals a high direct correlation relation (r = 0.735) between the subindexes of competitiveness by the yield of cereals and content of humus in soil in Chernihiv region. For the first time, one- and two-factor linear and quadratic econometric models were developed, which made it possible to carry out quantitative estimation of the impact of content of humus on the formation of sustainable competitiveness.
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Silver, Mick. « Disparities in the prices of new and old models when they coexist in the market : some econometric estimates ». Omega 27, no 1 (février 1999) : 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-0483(98)00031-0.
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Zholudeva, Vera V. « Econometric modeling of the higher education system in Yaroslavl region ». Open Education 22, no 4 (28 août 2018) : 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/1818-4243-2018-4-12-20.
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The objective of the study is to analyze the models that describe the processes, running in the education. The article concludes that currently there are important changes and new trends in the sphere of higher education in Russia: the development of higher education is carried out in the conditions of the effective use of modern information technologies. The author emphasized the analysis of the use of distance learning technologies in the higher education system, which is especially important for our country because of the vast territory, the remoteness of many regions from the centers of educational services, due to the growing high cost of these services.The development of Internet technologies, multimedia in conjunction with the growing popularity, the Internet makes it possible to promote education to a new level. That is why today the demand for distance learning in Russia is equal, and in some universities has exceeded the demand for full-time education. In the near future distance learning will take on the main burden in the system of professional training and retraining of specialists due to its mobility, mass, availability and relative cheapness.Also in this article the basic quantitative regularities of the market of higher education of the Yaroslavl region in relation to the economy are determined. In the article, econometric modeling is chosen as a tool for management in the field of vocational education. This is due to the fact that it is able to identify trends and patterns of changes in the indicators of education development in the region, to determine the consequences of a development strategy that contributes to the understanding of the processes taking place in the higher education system. Econometric models, used for forecasting in the education system are analyzed; their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. Some of them are disclosed in the paper on the example of modeling the system of higher education in the Yaroslavl region.As the result of analyzing the statistical data of the regional office of Federal State Statistics Service in Yaroslavl region the following models were developed: a model that shows how the application of distance technologies in higher education is related to socio-economic indicators; the regression model of correlation between the system of higher education and the economy (GRP); the model of forecasting the number of students in different educational categories; the econometrical model of connectivity between the education expenditures and economic factors. The paper evaluates the impact of educational and demographic indicators on the education level index of the Yaroslavl region. The econometrical models, constructed in the research, represent the informational basis for modernization of regional higher education system and elaboration of social-economic strategies of the regional development. The proposed statistical tools of evaluation and forecasting education system development can be used for decision-making and planning on the regional level.
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Svetlana V. Doroshenko Ksenia A. Posysoeva, Svetlana V. Doroshenko Ksenia A. Posysoeva, et Svetlana V. Doroshenko Ksenia A. Posysoeva Svetlana V. Doroshenko Ksenia A. Posysoeva. « Econometric Estimation of Strategic Development Factors of Russian Border Regions ». Economy of Region 17, no 2 (juin 2021) : 431–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-2-6.
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Cross-border development is significantly influenced by global events, such as 1990s transformations, when different inland areas across the world became borderlands. Further, due to 2014 geopolitical changes, the Russian Federation had to establish a new institutional framework regulating the border regional development. The research aims to assess the impact of strategic factors on socio-economic development of these regions. For that purpose, we analysed 47 of 50 Russian border entities divided into two groups of old and new (established after the collapse of the USSR in 1991) border regions. We hypothesise that the factors considered as strategic in these territories manifest differently in old and new border regions. Empirical data, obtained from the Federal State Statistics Service and Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System, cover the period from 2000 to 2018. The simulation was conducted using the statistical package Stata 14. We analysed five groups of factors (transport infra- structure, small business, foreign trade, tourism, ecology) as well as corresponding indicators. Gross regional product per capita in comparable prices of 2018 was considered as a dependent variable. Then, we assessed three models explaining the impact of the examined factors on old and new border regions individually and in combination. For each model, pooled regression, as well as random and fixed effects models were constructed. Conducted simulations revealed that the fixed effects models best describe the analysed data. The research results confirmed the hypothesis, showing that transport infrastructure and tourism are more important for new border regions, while the factors of ecology, small business and foreign trade have a greater impact on the development of old borderlands.
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Gibbard, Peter. « A Model of Search with Two Stages of Information Acquisition and Additive Learning ». Management Science 68, no 2 (février 2022) : 1212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4150.
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This paper presents a model of choice with two stages of information acquisition. In this model, the choice problem can be interpreted as a variant of a more general multiarmed bandit problem. We assume that information acquisition takes a simple “additive form”—the value of an alternative is the sum of two components, which the decision maker can learn by undertaking two stages of information acquisition. This assumption yields a model that is tractable for the purposes of structural estimation. One possible application of the model is to online purchasing on e-commerce sites. For a consumer on an e-commerce website, there are potentially two stages of information acquisition: the consumer can obtain information about an alternative from (i) browsing the search results page and (ii) clicking on the alternative. By way of contrast, in much of the literature on structural econometric models of online purchasing, there is typically only one stage of information acquisition. Our paper may, therefore, provide a more realistic theory for modeling search, at least for those types of search—such as online purchasing—that involve two stages of information acquisition. This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis.
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Kumar, Kepulaje Abhaya, Cristi Spulbar, Prakash Pinto, Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar, Ramona Birau et Jyeshtaraja Joisa. « Using Econometric Models to Manage the Price Risk of Cocoa Beans : A Case from India ». Risks 10, no 6 (1 juin 2022) : 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks10060115.
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This study aims at developing econometric models to manage the price risk of Dry and Wet Cocoa beans with the help of ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) and VAR (Vector Auto Regressive). The monthly price of Cocoa beans is collected for the period starting from April 2009 to March 2020 from the office of CAMPCO Limited, Mangalore, and the ICE Cocoa futures price from the website of investing.com. The augmented dickey fuller test is used to test the stationarity of the series. The ACF and PACF correlograms are used to identify the tentative ARIMA model. Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Schwarz criterion (SBIC), Sigma square, and adjusted R2 are used to decide on the optional AR and MA terms for the models. Durbin–Watson statistics and correlograms of the residuals are used to decide on the model’s goodness of fit. Identified optimal models were ARIMA (1, 1, 0) for the Dry Cocoa beans price series and ARIMA (1, 1, 2) for the Wet Cocoa beans price series. The multivariate VAR (1) model found that the US and London Cocoa futures prices traded on the ICE platform will influence the price of Dry Cocoa in India. This study will be helpful to forecast the price of Cocoa beans to manage the price risk, precisely for Cocoa traders, Chocolate manufacturers, Cocoa growers, and the government for planning and decision-making purposes.
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Kramar, Iryna, Halyna Tsikh, Iryna Nahorniak et Lilia Pokryshka. « Improvement of bank strategic management based on econometric modeling of its activity efficiency ». Socio-Economic Problems and the State 25, no 2 (2021) : 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.457.
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Some aspects of bank strategic management are defined in the article. Efficiency econometric modelling of one of the leading banks operating at Ukrainian financial market was performed using Statistica and Excel PCs. To establish appropriate correlations, the three inputs that were most affected during the coronavirus pandemic were identified: net interest margin, financial leverage ratio, and profitability of personnel costs. There are selected two parameters as one of the main indicators of banking institution efficiency: return on assets and return on equity. The dependences response surfaces of return on assets and return on equity based on the following combinations are constructed: net interest margin and financial leverage ratio; net interest margin and profitability of personnel costs; the financial leverage ratio and profitability of personnel costs. Correlations between different combinations of input variables and their effect on outputs have been established. The limits within which each input parameter should be in order to cause the best results of output parameters have been determined. In order to define those bank's activity areas that require the most attention, models of time dependences have been built for: net interest margin; financial leverage ratio; profitability of personnel costs; return on assets and return on equity. The milestones of the researched bank have been identified. A number of proposals have been developed to improve the strategic management of the banking institution based on the conducted analysis. It is defined that the effectiveness of banking institutions strategic management depends on the timeliness and objectivity of changes forecast, the reliability of information flows and the quality of monitoring and control of various business processes for customers, shareholders and society as a whole.
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Adu-Ameyaw, Emmanuel, Albert Danso, Samuel Acheampong et Cynthia Akwei. « Executive bonus compensation and financial leverage : do growth and executive ownership matter ? » International Journal of Accounting & ; Information Management 29, no 3 (19 mai 2021) : 392–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijaim-09-2020-0141.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of executive bonus compensation on a firm’s financial leverage policy and the extent to which this compensation–leverage relation is moderated by firm growth and executive ownership. Design/methodology/approach Using data from 213 non-financial and non-utility UK FTSE 350 firms for the period 2007–2015, generating a total of 1,784 firm-year observations, panel econometric methods are used to test the model. Findings Drawing insights from agency theoretic view, this paper uncovers that managerial cash bonus compensation is negatively and significantly related to financial leverage. However, stock bonus compensation has a positive and significant impact on leverage. This study also observes that compensation–leverage is moderated by both firm growth and executive ownership. The results remain robust to alternative econometric models. Originality/value While this paper builds on the risk-motivated argument of executive bonus compensation literature, it is the first – to the best of the knowledge – to explore the bonus compensation-corporate financial leverage and, particularly, examine the extent to which firm growth and corporate executive ownership matter in this relationship.
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Hamad, Dr Abed Ali, et Dr Ahmad Hussein Battal. « Use GARCH Models to Build a Econometric Model to Predict Average Daily Closing Prices of the Iraqi Stock Exchange for the Period 2013-2016 ». Webology 18, Special Issue 04 (30 septembre 2021) : 385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si04/web18136.
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This research aims to build a standard model for the analysis and prediction of the average daily closing price fluctuations for companies registered in the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period 07/01/2013 to 30/06/2016, using the conditional generalized Heteroscedasticity Generalized Autoregressive (GARCH) models. As these models deal with the fluctuations that occur in the financial time series. The results of the analysis showed that the best model for predicting the volatility of average closing prices in the Iraq Stock Exchange is the EGARCH model (3,1), depending on the statistical criteria used in the preference between the models (Akaike Information Criterion, Schwarz Criterion), and these models can provide information for investors in order to reduce the risk resulting from fluctuations in stock prices in the Iraqi financial market.
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Arlt, Josef, Markéta Arltová et Jindřich Klůfa. « Empirical Analysis for Testing the Validity of the Phillips Curve in the Czech Republic ». International Journal of Economics and Statistics 10 (15 mars 2022) : 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9103.2022.10.25.
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Inflation and unemployment are the most important economic indicators for each country. The latest information is always impatiently expected, analyzed and commented not only by economists but also by inhabitants of the country. This article goes back to the original idea of the Phillips curve as a tool for empirical verification of the relationship between inflation and unemployment. The question that arises is whether the unemployment rate can be used to explain the changes in the inflation rate and on the contrary, in the Czech Republic. The verification of this relationship will be carried out on the basis of econometric models (ADL models and cointegration analysis) on the basis of the annual time series from 1995 to 2012.
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Liu, Han, Ying Liu, Yonglian Wang et Changchun Pan. « Hot topics and emerging trends in tourism forecasting research : A scientometric review ». Tourism Economics 25, no 3 (4 novembre 2018) : 448–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618810564.
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Tourism forecasting has been a focal point of tourism research over the past few decades as a result of the corresponding rapid development and expansion of the tourism industry. A bibliometric analysis, based on 543 articles retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database, was carried out to provide insights into hot topics as well as emerging trends in tourism forecasting research. The results show that the research outputs related to tourism forecasting have grown rapidly since 2006. The observed hot topics in tourism forecasting were to predict tourism demand via various models, including time series models, econometric models, and artificial intelligence-based methods, and to compare the forecasting accuracy of models. An emerging trend of tourism forecasting is to use methods based on data from a web-based search engine. Our study provides insights and valuable information for researchers to identify new perspectives on hot topics and research frontiers.
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Wiśniewski, Jerzy Witold. « Forecasting in Small Business Management ». Risks 9, no 4 (9 avril 2021) : 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9040069.
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This work aims to verify an authorial forecasting method from a system of interdependent equations, which is based on empirical equations of the structural form and is mainly intended for econometric micromodels. The prediction procedure will be analogous to the so-called chain prediction that is used for recursive models. The difference—compared with the prediction from a recursive model—entails the necessity of using one of the reduced-form empirical equations to begin the procedure of constructing a sequence of forecasts from successive structural-form empirical equations. The research results presented above indicate that the above-proposed iterative forecasting method from structural-form equations of a system of interdependent equations guarantees synchronization of forecasts as part of a closed cycle of relations. A different number of iterations is required to obtain convergent forecasts. It can be noticed that the further ahead the forecasted period is, the more iterations should be carried out to obtain convergent forecasts. Small business management with the use of forecasting can be done remotely. Rapid updates of statistical information will require cloud-based communication. Completion of data in a cloud will allow, on one hand, accurate assessment of expired forecasts and, on the other, to update the predictor equations. This can be carried out at any place with Internet access.
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Mabrouk, Lamia, et Adel Boubaker. « The pecking order theory and life cycle : Evidence from French firms ». Corporate Ownership and Control 16, no 3 (2019) : 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv16i3art2.
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Contrary to the trade-off theory, pecking order theory is based on the information asymmetry that exists between internal stakeholders (owners, managers) and external stakeholders (donors) to the company. We study firms’ financing behaviour over life cycle stages in the context of the pecking order theory. This paper is interested in testing the relation between ownership structure, the life cycle and the funding classification in French companies in the period 2005-2014. The hypotheses tested were derived from the pecking order models and analysis was conducted on data panel with econometric software Stata. The results show that the pecking order explains the debt in French companies that are in growth phase, maturity or decline.
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Globerman, Steven. « Investing abroad and investing at home : complements or substitutes ? » Multinational Business Review 20, no 3 (17 août 2012) : 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15253831211261469.
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PurposeThe purpose of the study is to assess whether outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and home country capital investment are substitutes or complements.Design/methodology/approachCase studies of 22 Canadian multinational companies (MNCs) were carried out, and the qualitative and quantitative information from the case studies was used to evaluate whether OFDI and home country capital investment were substitutes or complements for the sample MNCs over the period 2000‐2010.FindingsTwo primary strategic motives were identified for the OFDI undertaken by the sample MNCs: market‐seeking; and resource‐seeking. Across the sample, domestic investment was typically a poor strategic alternative to OFDI. Furthermore, OFDI promoted faster revenue growth for the MNCs which stimulated increased domestic investment in later time periods. Hence, OFDI and domestic capital investment are complements in the longer run.Practical implicationsHome country government policies that directly or indirectly discourage OFDI will also discourage domestic investment by home country MNCs. This, in turn, might discourage investment by small and medium‐sized enterprises in the home country, if government limitations on OFDI hamper the growth of MNC head offices in the home country.Originality/valueThe study provides evidence drawing on case studies rather than traditional econometric models. The case study methodology provides evidence on the underlying strategic imperatives for OFDI that is not identified by econometric studies.
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Kamal Gharibi, Alireza, et Mehdi Safari Geraeely. « Investigating the effective factors on changing auditor : evidences of Iranian firms ». Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no 3 (15 septembre 2016) : 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-si).2016.14.
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This research will investigate the effective factors on changing auditor. Variables such as company size, audit opinions, audit reporting delay and auditing firm reputation are considered as effective factors on changing auditor. By selecting a sample which consists of 96 listed companies in Tehran’s stock exchange during 2010 to 2014 and applying multi-variable regression and econometric models, the results of research shows there is a significant positive relationship among company size, auditor opinion and auditing reporting delay and changing auditor, but there isn’t any significant relationship between auditing firm reputation and changing auditor. The findings of this research can fill the researches gap which are performed in this field and can provide accounting information for investors to make decision about stock exchange organization and other stockholders. Keywords: company size, auditor opinion, auditing report delay, auditing firm reputation, changing auditor. JEL Classification: M41, M42
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Jagrič, Timotej, Dušan Fister et Vita Jagrič. « Reshaping the Healthcare Sector with Economic Policy Measures Based on COVID-19 Epidemic Severity : A Global Study ». Healthcare 10, no 2 (7 février 2022) : 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020315.
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Governments around the world are looking for ways to manage economic consequences of COVID-19 and promote economic development. The aim of this study is to identify the areas where the application of economic policy measures would enhance the resilience of societies on epidemic risks. We use data on the COVID-19 pandemic outcome in a large number of countries. With the estimation of multiple econometric models, we identify areas being a reasonable choice for economic policy intervention. It was found that viable remediation actions worth taking can be identified either for long-, mid-, or short-term horizons, impacting the equality, healthcare sector, and national economy characteristics. We suggest encouraging research and development based on innovative technologies linked to industries in healthcare, pharmaceutical, and biotech, promoting transformation of healthcare systems based on new technologies, providing access to quality healthcare, promoting public healthcare providers, and investing in the development of regional healthcare infrastructure, as a tool of equal regional development based on economic assessment. Further, a central element of this study, i.e. the innovative identification matrix, could be populated as a unique policy framework, either for latest pandemic or any similar outbreaks in future.
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Cordero-Ahiman, Otilia Vanessa, Jorge Leonardo Vanegas, Pablo Beltrán-Romero et María Elena Quinde-Lituma. « Determinants of Food Insecurity in Rural Households : The Case of the Paute River Basin of Azuay Province, Ecuador ». Sustainability 12, no 3 (28 janvier 2020) : 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030946.
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Eliminating food insecurity is one of humanity’s greatest global challenges. Thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze the factors that determine food insecurity in households in the rural area of the Paute River Basin, Azuay Province, Ecuador. Stratified sampling was used as the sampling method, with proportional affixation. Moreover, we employed the Latin American and Caribbean Household Food Security Measurement Scale (ELCSA). We estimated the main determinants of household food insecurity using two binomial logit models and one ordered logit model. For the analysis of the data, the respective statistical and econometric tests were employed. The results show that housing size and access to food security information are the most important determinants of food insecurity in the three predictive models applied in this research. This research contributes to the existing literature on food insecurity and provides important information for policymakers, especially regarding food insecurity in rural areas, which has profound economic and social implications.
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Dimian, Gina Cristina, Mirela Ionela Aceleanu, Bogdan Vasile Ileanu et Andreea Claudia Șerban. « UNEMPLOYMENT AND SECTORAL COMPETITIVENESS IN SOUTHERN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. FACTS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS ». Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no 3 (19 novembre 2018) : 474–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2018.6581.
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This article addresses the problem of the main factors driving sectoral unemployment in the Mediterranean countries most affected by this phenomenon. The choice of the four countries (Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal) relies on the fact that they are dealing with the highest unemployment rates in the European Union and a certain typology of the economic structure. The originality of our research is offered by its direction, less tackled until now, namely the focus on the particularities of the economic sectors, trying to capture differences between them. The importance and the impact of the results are supported by the methods used to produce them, indicators and econometric models that are on trend and bring extra information to available studies. Descriptive statistics and mismatch indexes are used to outline the economic and labour market structure, while the econometric models built on panel data capture the impact of factors such as GVA growth, specialization and labour market mismatches on the unemployment rate at six economic sectors level. Our paper makes three contributions to the literature. First, we have demonstrated that agriculture is the sector of activity less sensitive to output fluctuations in terms of unemployment and can become a buffer for the jobless in times of recessions. Second, we have proved that industry, as a whole, is highly responsive to economic developments and bad specialization could worsen unemployment situation in this sector. Third, we showed that educational mismatches have a significant impact on unemployment in those sectors of activity that employ low educated workforce.
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Taylor, Nicholas. « A note on the importance of overnight information in risk management models ». Journal of Banking & ; Finance 31, no 1 (janvier 2007) : 161–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2006.01.004.
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Yakymova, Larysa, et Kateryna Smolnikova. « ANALYSIS OF FIXED ASSETS OF THE ENTERPRISE : PROBLEMATICALLY-PROGNOSTIC APPROACH ». INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no 5-6 (août 2020) : 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.5-6.20.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is substantiation of the content and algorithm of the problematically-prognostic approach to the analysis of fixed assets and its approbation at the enterprises which according to NACE-2010 are included into the section G (wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles). Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods of cognition in the research are used in the article, such as: methods of theoretical generalization and comparative analysis – for the analysis of relevant scientific literature; systematical approach, methods of analysis and synthesis – for the substantiation of the methods of analysis of fixed assets; ratio analysis – for the analysis of the efficiency of using fixed assets; methods of mathematical statistics – for assessing the risks associated with fixed assets; methods of econometrical analysis – for building models and assessing of the impact of indicators of fixed assets on the financial results of enterprises. Findings. The main contribution of the research consists in the inclusion of such stages in the traditional method of analysis of fixed assets, such as, integral assessment of the efficiency of use, analysis of risk and problematically (econometric) analysis of fixed assets, is substantiated. Empirical results confirm an increase of the information value of such analysis that contributes to the adoption of reasonable and timely management decisions. Originality. A method of analysis of fixed assets is proposed in the research, which includes the definition of the stages of analysis, the formation of a system of indicators, methods and information base for each stage of analysis, and, unlike the existing ones, has a problematically-prognostic focus, which makes it possible to perform a comprehensive analysis of fixed assets, to determine the directions of increasing the efficiency of their use, to assess the impact on the financial results of the enterprise. Practical value. The proposed method of analysis can be used by managers and investors for a deeper understanding of the problems associated with fixed assets of the enterprise. The empirical results of the research are recommended to be used as benchmark indicators in the analysis and development of a policy for the management of fixed assets at the enterprises of section G according to NACE-2010. Key words: fixed assets, ratio analysis, analysis of risks, econometric analysis, enterprises of section G according to NACE-2010.
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Kacem, Rami B. H. « Poverty index vs richness index : a new way to analyze the determinants of poverty ». African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 10, no 1 (11 mars 2019) : 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-04-2018-0110.
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Purpose The analysis of poverty is fundamentally focused on examining the well-being condition of the poor. We usually neglect the information provided by the rich. Nevertheless, perhaps the non-considered information indicating the determinants of non-poverty is also useful for fighting against poverty. The purpose of this paper is to analyze poverty under a new angle i.e. focusing on the information provided by the non-poor instead of the poor. For that a richness index is calculated in order to estimate econometric models regressing both indices i.e. poverty and richness indices on same selected characteristics. Thus, the comparison of the determinants of poverty and non-poverty for Tunisian case have allowed the classification of the selected explanatory variables with significant effect into four categories: the variables having significant effect on both sides (permanent effect), the variables having significant effect on the poor but not on the non-poor (transitory effect), the variables having significant effect on the non-poor but not on the poor (insurance effect) and the variables without any effect on both cases (neutral effect). This procedure is thus important given that it provides additional information and new way to enhance the targeting efficiency of the poor and fighting against poverty. Design/methodology/approach Using Tunisian data, an original procedure is proposed for calculating a richness index, defined based on the common formula of calculating the poverty index. Next econometric models are estimated regressing both the indices i.e. poverty and richness index on same selected characteristics. Findings The comparison of the determinants of poverty and non-poverty have allowed the classification of the selected explanatory variables with significant effect into four categories: the variables having significant effect on both sides (permanent effect), the variables having significant effect on the poor but not on the non-poor (transitory effect), the variables having significant effect on the non-poor but not on the poor (insurance effect) and the variables without any effect on both cases (neutral effect). Originality/value The analysis and the classification of the determinants of poverty according to the determinants of non-poverty is never made before in the litterature. This procedure is important given that it provides additional information and a new way to enhance the efficiency of targeting the poor and fighting against poverty.
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Bolek, Vladimír, Mojmír Kokles, Anita Romanová et Michal Zelina. « INFORMATION LITERACY OF MANAGERS : MODELS AND FACTORS ». Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no 5 (19 décembre 2018) : 722–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2018.6906.
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Participation in the information society means faster communication, development of new ideas, more creative ideas and education in terms of lifelong learning. The information society is a reality and a dominant element of politics in all developed countries of the world. Information literacy deals with the human ability to work effectively in the information society. Information literacy needs to be understood in a wider context, rather than only in terms of IT skills and abilities. The article compares and defines the concept of information literacy. It compares selected information literacy models. The starting point is a survey conducted among business managers in the Slovak Republic examining the level of information literacy of managers. The findings identify factors affecting the aggregate index of information literacy of managers and the proposed quantitative and qualitative model of the information literacy of managers. Presented are the unique results of long-term research on information and digital literacy in the Slovak Republic (Central Europe, the European Union and V4-Visegrad countries). So far, no research has been conducted focusing on the level of digital literacy of business managers and an information literacy model that would contribute to raising their level.
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Smith, G. Stevenson. « Management models for international cybercrime ». Journal of Financial Crime 22, no 1 (5 janvier 2015) : 104–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-09-2013-0051.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify how the management structure of cybercriminals has changed and will continue to be revised in the future as their criminal business models are modified. In the early days of hacktivism, a distinction was made between a “hacker” and a “cracker”. The hacker was considered someone who was interested in the vulnerabilities in a computer system, but they were not out to exploit these vulnerabilities for illicit gains. Today, this is no longer true, as loosely coordinated gangs of computer hackers exploit vulnerabilities of financial institutions and the public to steal and transfer money across borders without difficulty. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews legal cases dealing with the computer theft of assets from financial institutions and individuals. The focus is on external exploits of hackers not on employee’s theft of assets. It explores the management structure used by cybercriminals who have been caught and prosecuted by legal authorities in the USA and other countries. The paper discusses how this management structure has evolved from older traditional crime business models based on “family” relationships to morphing criminal gangs based in Russia, the Ukraine and other locations almost untouchable by the US legal authorities. These new criminal networks are based on knowledge relationships and quickly disappearing network connections. The paper concludes with a discussion regarding the management structure cybercriminals will follow in the future, as they continue their criminal activities. Findings – The study provides indications of a trend toward more complex management and organizational structures among cybergangs. Originality/value – Although there are many annual studies identifying the growth of cybercrime and the types of attacks being made, but there is not even a single study that shows how the cybercrime business model has changed over the past 20 years. From that perspective, the paper provides information of a changing and more effective business model for cyberattacks.
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Plaskon, Svitlana, Halina Seniv, Ivan Novosad et Vadym Masliy. « APPLICATION OF ECONOMETRIC MODELING IN THE EVALUATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF UKRAINE ». Economic Analysis, no 30(3) (2020) : 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2020.03.025.
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Introduction. Foreign trade operations significantly affect the development of each country's economy, in particular the value of gross domestic product, which is one of the main indicators of economic development and welfare of population. Therefore, it is necessary to study and model the impact of exports, imports and net exports on macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze publications that consider export-import operations of Ukraine, study of statistical information in this area, construction and analysis of econometric models of the dynamics of foreign trade operations of Ukraine and their impact on gross domestic product. Method. The article uses regression-correlation analysis as one of the main research methods; time series theory; methods of mathematical modeling. Results. The dynamics of foreign economic operations and gross domestic product of Ukraine are researched and analyzed. It is revealed that the balance of export-import operations has a significant impact on the gross domestic product of Ukraine. An econometric model of the dependence of the nominal gross domestic product on the value of exports of goods and services (coefficient of determination 0.9795) is calculated, using statistical information for 2005-2019 years. It is substantiated that with the increase in exports of goods and services by UAH 1 billion Ukraine's nominal GDP grows by an average of UAH 2.2642 billion. The value of coefficients of import dependence and coverage of import by export in foreign economic operations of Ukraine are analyzed. It is noted that the coefficient of import dependence significantly exceeds the allowable level in the study period, due to certain imbalances in foreign trade relations. The coefficient of coverage of imports by exports only in 2005 was greater than one, and during 2006-2019 it became less than one. In this regard, it is necessary to increase export operations, obtain a positive balance of payments, make effective economic and political decisions to increase exports of Ukrainian goods and services, reduce import dependence, using and implementing innovative methods of production and management.
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Böckerman, Petri, Seppo Laaksonen et Jari Vainiomäki. « Who bears the burden of wage cuts ? Evidence from Finland during the 1990s ». International Journal of Manpower 28, no 2 (15 mai 2007) : 100–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437720710747947.
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PurposeThis paper aims to explore the incidence of nominal and real wage cuts in the Finnish private sector during the 1990s.Design/methodology/approachEstimation of econometric models for the probability of wage cuts using individual‐level wage survey data from the payroll records of the Finnish employers' organizations.FindingsCentralized nominal wage freezes together with a positive inflation rate produced real wage cuts for a large proportion of workers during the worst recession years of the early 1990s. Hence, centralized bargaining shaped the adjustment. The share of nominal wage cuts does not increase with falling inflation, which is consistent with downward wage rigidities. Full‐time workers have had a lower likelihood of wage cuts compared with part‐time workers. Declines in wages have also been more common in small plants. There is an important transitory component in wage cuts.Practical implicationsProvides useful information about the adjustment of wages at the individual level.Originality/valueFew papers have analysed individual and employer characteristics that account for wage cuts. The paper contributes to the literature on wage rigidity.
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Dahir, Ahmed Mohamed, Fauziah Mahat, Bany-Ariffin Amin Noordin et Nazrul Hisyam Ab Razak. « Dynamic connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information across BRICS countries ». International Journal of Managerial Finance 16, no 3 (2 décembre 2019) : 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-03-2019-0117.
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Purpose Recent trends and developments in Bitcoin have led to a proliferation of studies that analyzed the Bitcoin returns and volatility; however, the volatility connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information in emerging countries quietly remains scarce. Regarding this deficiency, the purpose of this paper is to examine the dynamic connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information. Design/methodology/approach Daily data from January 1, 2012 to May 31, 2018 are used. The paper applies a novel time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) model extended by Antonakakis and Gabauer (2017). This model addresses the biases in coefficient estimates, considering innovations from sources of time variation. Findings The findings reveal that the volatility transmission of Bitcoin return is not an important source of shocks of market returns in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS), suggesting that Bitcoin return contributes less volatility to equity market information. The results further show that Bitcoin is the main receiver of volatility while market price risk is the dominant transmission catalysts for innovations in the rest of the stock market returns. Practical implications Important implications can be derived from these findings, signaling of the demand to develop and implement volatility connectedness policy measures in order to guarantee the stability of financial assets. However, the most significant limitation lies in the fact that the analysis of this paper is restricted to the volatility connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information in BRICS countries. Originality/value By acknowledging the wide range of econometric models, the paper uses TVP-VAR model because this methodology is a useful and relevant tool in modeling the volatility connectedness of financial variables, thus providing meaningful information to policy makers and international investors.
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Sharma, Sudhi, Miklesh Prasad Yadav et Babita Jha. « Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on the Currency Exchanges of Selected Countries ». International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 14, no 2 (avril 2022) : 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2022040105.
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The paper aims to analyse the impact of the COVID outbreak on the currency market. The study considers spot rates of seven major currencies (i.e., EUR/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/USD, AUD/USD, USD/CAD, USD/CHF, and CHF/JPY). To capture the impact of the outbreak on returns and the volatility of returns of seven currencies during pandemic, the study has segregated in two window periods (i.e., pre- [1st Jan 2019 to 31st Dec, 2019] and post-outbreak of COVID-19 [1st Jan, 2020 to 22nd Dec, 2020]). The study has applied various methods and models (i.e., econometric-based compounded annual growth rate [CAGR], dummy variable regression, and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity [GARCH]). The result of the study captures the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on three currencies—USD/JPY, AUD/USD, and USD/CHF—and positive significant impact on EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/CAD, and CHF/JPY. Investors can take short position in these while having long position in other currencies. The inferences drawn from the analysis are providing insight to investors and hedgers.
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Guo, Qiuqiu, et Xiaoyu Ma. « How Does the Digital Economy Affect Sustainable Urban Development ? Empirical Evidence from Chinese Cities ». Sustainability 15, no 5 (23 février 2023) : 4098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054098.
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The rapid development of modern information technology has promoted the emergence of a new economic form: the digital economy, which has effectively changed economic development patterns and has become an important engine for economic growth in the new era. At the same time, sustainable development is the focus of the world today. Based on the panel data of 280 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2019, this study used the entropy method to measure levels of sustainable urban development while constructing an evaluation system for sustainable urban development levels. In addition, various econometric models were used to empirically analyze the impact, influence mechanisms and spatial effect of the digital economy on sustainable urban development. The results show that (1) the development of the digital economy has effectively promoted the level of sustainable urban development by enhancing the level of green technology innovation and accelerating the upgrading of industrial structures; (2) spatial econometrics regression results indicate that the development of the digital economy is not only an important boost to the sustainable development of local cities, but it also effectively promotes the sustainable development process of surrounding areas; (3) heterogeneity analysis shows that the promoting effect of the digital economy on sustainable urban development is more prominent in the eastern region, in cities larger than medium-size and in non-resource-based cities.
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Davidavičienė, Vida. « CHANGE MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN THE INFORMATION AGE ». Journal of Business Economics and Management 9, no 4 (31 décembre 2008) : 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1611-1699.2008.9.299-307.
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The work under new conditions of ICT development has not only advantages, but also causes certain challenges and new conflicts within an organization. There is a direct link between the development of ICT and business management theories. Inadequacy of models applied in change management and current market requirements can determine the decrease of competitive ability for the business organizations in the ICT caused business environment, what can cause loss of potential markets. The relations between ICT and business in the development processes and trends must be determined in order to avoid the gaps in business management methods in the future. While the schemes for evaluation and selection of alternative decisions are given much attention in the strategic management literature, the attention given to the specific implementation and the practical application of change management decisions methods is not sufficient. These circumstances frame the topicality of this subject.
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ARRIBAS, Iván, Fernando GARCÍA, Francisco GUIJARRO, Javier OLIVER et Rima TAMOŠIŪNIENĖ. « MASS APPRAISAL OF RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE USING MULTILEVEL MODELLING ». International Journal of Strategic Property Management 20, no 1 (14 avril 2016) : 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2015.1134702.
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Mass appraisal, or the automatic valuation of a large number of real estate assets, has attracted the attention of many researchers, who have mainly approached this issue employing traditional econometric models such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). However, this method does not consider the hierarchical structure of the data and therefore assumes the unrealistic hypothesis of the independence of the individuals in the sample. This paper proposes the use of the Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) to overcome this limitation. The HLM also gives valuable information on the percentage of the variance error caused by each level in the hierarchical model. In this study HLM was applied to a large dataset of 2,149 apartments, which included 17 variables belonging to two hierarchical levels: apartment and neighbourhood. The model obtained high goodness of fit and all the estimated variances of the parameters in HLM were lower than those calculated by OLS. It can be concluded as well that no further neighbourhood variables need be added to the model to improve the goodness of fit, since almost all the residual variance can be attributed to the first hierarchical level of the model, the apartment level.
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Goldar, Bishwanath. « Services input and productivity in Indian manufacturing plants ». Indian Growth and Development Review 13, no 1 (14 novembre 2019) : 99–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-11-2018-0117.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse econometrically determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) in Indian manufacturing plants with a focus on the influence of services input on productivity. Design/methodology/approach Plant-level data drawn from Annual Survey of Industries for the years 1998-1999 to 2012-2013 are used for the estimation of TFP at plant-level by applying the Levinsohn–Petrin methodology. Econometric models are estimated to explain variations in plant-level TFP. The explanatory variables used are services input intensity (split into manufacturing services purchased and other services), the share of information communication technology (ICT) assets in total fixed capital stock, the share of contract workers in total workers and the share of imported materials out of total materials used, with plant size taken as a control variable. Model estimation is done by applying the fixed effects model. Findings Econometric results indicate that services input and ICT intensity have a significant positive effect on productivity of manufacturing plants in India. Use of imported materials raises productivity, whereas the use of contract workers in place of regular workers tends to lower productivity. The impact of imported materials on TFP of manufacturing plants seems to be relatively bigger for labour-intensive, low technology industries. Originality/value Care has been taken for TFP measurement. Analysis of the impact of services input on TFP has been undertaken for Indian manufacturing using plant-level data for the first time.
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Lemma, Tesfaye T., et Minga Negash. « Corporate ownership patterns in developing countries ». Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no 2 (2016) : 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i2p11.
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This paper examines the effect of firm-, industry-, and country-level factors on corporate ownership pattern within the context of six African countries. Based on theory, we develop multi-dimensional models and examine data pertaining to 377 non-financial firms across a time period of 15 years using a battery of econometric procedures. In the sample countries, ownership concentration and/or block shareholding increases with firm level debt maturity structure, industry regulation, and perceived level of corruption in a country and its real GDP per capita. We also find ownership concentration and/or block shareholding decreases with firm level basic capital structure, firm size, and orientation of the financial system of a country. Our findings signify the role that information asymmetries, agency conflicts, and institutional pressures play in the determination of corporate ownership patterns in developing countries. The findings have practical implications for the investment community in assessing ownership patterns of companies listed in developing countries. Furthermore, the results spark insights that are potentially useful to enhance corporate governance institutions in developing countries.
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Swait, Joffre, Monica Popa et Luming Wang. « Capturing Context-Sensitive Information Usage in Choice Models via Mixtures of Information Archetypes ». Journal of Marketing Research 53, no 5 (octobre 2016) : 646–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.12.0518.
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The authors offer a new conceptualization and operational model of consumer choice that allows context-sensitive information usage and preference heterogeneity to be separately and simultaneously captured, thus transforming the axiom of full information use into a testable hypothesis. A key contribution of the proposed framework is the integration of two previously disjointed and often antagonistic research paradigms: (1) the economic rationality perspective, which assumes stable preferences and full information usage, and (2) the psychological bounded-rationality perspective, which allows context-sensitive preferences and information selectivity. The authors demonstrate that the two paradigms can and do coexist in the same decision-making space, even at the level of individual consumer choices. The proposed information archetype mixture model is tested in four studies that span different product categories and levels of task complexity. The findings have ramifications for choice modeling theory and implementation, beyond the disciplinary boundaries of marketing to applied economics and choice-focused social sciences.
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Chang, Chia-Lin. « Editorial for Applied Econometrics ». Journal of Risk and Financial Management 13, no 9 (19 août 2020) : 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13090187.
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This Editorial evaluates 14 invaluable and interesting articles in the Special Issue “Applied Econometrics” for the Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM). The topics covered include recovering historical inflation data from postage stamps prices, FHA loans in foreclosure proceedings through distinguishing sources of interdependence in competing risks, information in earnings forecasts, nonlinear time series modeling, a systemic approach to management control through determining factors, economic freedom and FDI versus economic growth, efficient cash use of the Taiwan dollar, financial health prediction in companies from post-Communist countries, influence of misery index on U.S. Presidential political elections, multivariate student versus Gaussian regression models in finance, financial derivatives markets and economic development, income inequality and economic growth in middle-income countries, abnormal returns, mis-measured risk, network effects, and risk spillovers in stock returns.
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González-Val, Rafael. « House Prices and Marriage in Spain ». Sustainability 14, no 5 (1 mars 2022) : 2848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052848.
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The aim of this study is to examine the link between house prices and marriage in Spain. We consider data from 50 Spanish provinces (NUTS III regions) and from local civil registries in 282 cities with populations greater than 25,000 inhabitants. The regional data cover the 1995–2018 period, whereas the local sample includes information from 2005 to 2018. The marriage rate is defined as the annual absolute number of marriages per thousand inhabitants in each region or city. We used data on Spain because the Spanish housing market experienced a strong rise in house prices until 2006, when the housing bubble ended and prices dramatically decreased. By using different econometric techniques (panel data models with fixed effects and dynamic panel data models), our results reveal that there is a significant negative relationship between house prices and the marriage rate at both the regional and local levels. Overall, this study highlights the important consequences of rising house prices on family formations. Therefore, public authorities should try to reduce fluctuations in house prices and to facilitate access to home ownership for young couples.
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Thathsarani, US, Jianguo Wei et GRSRC Samaraweera. « Financial Inclusion’s Role in Economic Growth and Human Capital in South Asia : An Econometric Approach ». Sustainability 13, no 8 (13 avril 2021) : 4303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084303.
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Many of the 2030 sustainable development goals have targeted the strengthening of financial inclusion, which is currently a key policy priority on the agendas of most governments in developing nations. The process of facilitating banking and financial services for individuals is called financial inclusion, which supports growth and the broader development goals of an economy. Although economic growth and human capital development indices have been analyzed using different proxy variables, insufficient attention has been paid to constructing a composite index for measuring this to achieve greater sustainability in terms of the economy, communities, and the environment. This study sought to address this gap using secondary data from eight countries in South Asia from 2004 to 2018. A financial inclusion index was developed through principal component analysis using an econometric approach of panel data with vector error correction models and a Granger causality test. As per the results of the study, financial inclusion has a long-run impact on human capital development in South Asian countries, whereas it has a short-run positive impact on economic growth. Domestic credits to the private sector also impact the short-run growth and human capital development in the economy. This ensures the confidence of vulnerable communities in their economy, as well as information management, and allows for quality enhancements of transactions with fewer environmental impacts. Government intervention to improve access to financial services, including ATMs and commercial banking, is one policy allowing digital finance to accelerate the achievement of sustainable development goals in South Asian countries.
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Thi Lan Huong, Nguyen, Yao Shun Bo et Shah Fahad. « Farmers’ perception, awareness and adaptation to climate change : evidence from northwest Vietnam ». International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 9, no 4 (21 août 2017) : 555–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-02-2017-0032.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the extent to which farmers are aware of climate change and how they have modified their growing practices in response to perceived climate changes. Design/methodology/approach A logit model was used to explore farmers’ awareness and a binary logistic model was used to analyze their adaptive responses. Data from 335 farm households were collected from three provinces of Northwest Vietnam with different climate change vulnerability. Findings Farmers’ awareness of climate change was related significantly to household and farm characteristics. Farm experience, education level, location, tenancy status, soil fertility, access to credit, climate information, agricultural extension services, farmer groups, non-agriculture income, distance to market and house and climate change experience influence adaptation measure choices. Research limitations/implications These findings suggest that investment strategies must promote adaptation to climate change by supporting technological and institutional methods, such as education, markets, credit and information. Originality/value This study is the first study that uses econometric models to analyze farmers’ perception effect and adaptation to climate change aspect in Northwest Vietnam
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Kulp, Susan Cohen. « The Effect of Information Precision and Information Reliability on Manufacturer-Retailer Relationships ». Accounting Review 77, no 3 (1 juillet 2002) : 653–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.3.653.
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This study investigates the extent to which a retailer's willingness to share internal (sales and inventory) information with a manufacturer and the reliability of the information transmission between the retailer and the manufacturer affect the total supply-chain profits resulting from two alternative inventory management systems. I present analytical models of a traditional system and a Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) system. The VMI system is a supply-chain management technique in which the retailer delegates its inventory decisions to, and shares its internal accounting information with, the manufacturer. With VMI, the parties aim to reduce inventory-related costs and increase supply-chain profits. The theoretical analysis indicates that the system that produces higher supply-chain profits depends on the extent to which the retailer reveals its internal accounting information to the manufacturer and the ability of the manufacturer to accurately receive and use this information in its decisions. Survey data corroborate the model's prediction that manufacturers are more likely to select VMI when retailers provide more precise sales and inventory (i.e., demand) information and when the manufacturers' systems ensure reliable transmission and receipt of this information. The study's results suggest that managerial accountants should consider the retailer's willingness to share sales and inventory information with the manufacturer and the manufacturer's ability to reliably transmit this information before implementing VMI systems.
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Xu, Ruomei, Yanrui Wu et Jingdong Luan. « Analysis of farmers’ willingness to adopt genetically modified insect-resistant rice in China ». China Agricultural Economic Review 8, no 3 (5 septembre 2016) : 368–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-08-2015-0102.
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Purpose Genetically modified (GM) crops, particularly GM grain crops, have been controversial since their commercialization in 1996. However, only a few studies have investigated farmers’ attitudes toward adopting GM grain crops in China. The purpose of this paper is to explore farmers’ willingness to adopt GM insect-resistant rice prior to its commercial release in China and determines the factors that affect farmers’ prospective adoption decisions. Design/methodology/approach The data are collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the farmers’ potential willingness to adopt GM rice and level of awareness of GM rice and socioeconomic characteristics. Ordered and binary probit models are applied to identify the key factors that affect the farmers’ decision to adopt GM insect-resistant rice. Findings Descriptive statistics show that most farmers have little knowledge of GM rice, approximate 35.5 percent of farmers could plant GM rice, and over half of the respondents are uncertain whether or not they will adopt the new crops. The results of econometric analyses show that increasing output and income, and simplicity in crop management, have positive effects on prospective adoption, whereas the high-seed price of GM rice has a significantly negative effect. Health implications also have a significantly positive effect on the farmers’ decision to adopt GM grain crops. A comparative analysis of ordered and binary probit models demonstrates that farmers are more deliberate in their decisions when they have fewer choices. Aside from the above-mentioned variables, the following factors are also statistically significant in the probit model: government technicians’ recommendations, neighbors’ attitudes, level of environmental risks, and the farmer’s age. Originality/value Information on the major risks and benefits of GM rice was provided to the farmers in the questionnaire. The farmers were then asked to choose from the three ordered alternative answers, namely, “accept,” “uncertain,” and “reject”. Both ordered and binary probit models were applied to comparatively analyze the collected data. This study is one of a handful of studies that employ these econometric models to identify and explain the underlying factors that affect farmers’ decisions. The relevant findings have important implications for future agricultural policy in China.