Bibliographies thématiques / Information framing

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Information framing »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 mai 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Information framing"

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Roberts, Ian D., Yi Yang Teoh et Cendri A. Hutcherson. « Time to Pay Attention ? Information Search Explains Amplified Framing Effects Under Time Pressure ». Psychological Science 33, no 1 (3 décembre 2021) : 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09567976211026983.

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Decades of research have established the ubiquity and importance of choice biases, such as the framing effect, yet why these seemingly irrational behaviors occur remains unknown. A prominent dual-system account maintains that alternate framings bias choices because of the unchecked influence of quick, affective processes, and findings that time pressure increases the framing effect have provided compelling support. Here, we present a novel alternative account of magnified framing biases under time pressure that emphasizes shifts in early visual attention and strategic adaptations in the decision-making process. In a preregistered direct replication ( N = 40 adult undergraduates), we found that time constraints produced strong shifts in visual attention toward reward-predictive cues that, when combined with truncated information search, amplified the framing effect. Our results suggest that an attention-guided, strategic information-sampling process may be sufficient to explain prior results and raise challenges for using time pressure to support some dual-system accounts.
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Andersson, Cecilia. « “Google is not fun” : an investigation of how Swedish teenagers frame online searching ». Journal of Documentation 73, no 6 (9 octobre 2017) : 1244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-03-2017-0048.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of Google in everyday online searching activities of Swedish teenagers in different contexts. Design/methodology/approach The study is qualitative and material has been produced through interviews and observations in two different schools with participants aged 15-16. Goffman’s frame analysis provides the analytical lens for studying how activities are assigned meaning. Findings Three different framings in relation to using Google and googling are identified in the material: Google and fact-finding, Google as a neutral infrastructure, and Google as an authority. There is an interplay between activity, context, and interaction in defining the role of Google. In relation to school, the fact-finding framing is more pronounced whereas the infrastructure framing comes forth more in their free time activities. The authority framing cuts across both framings and underpins their trust in the search engine. Originality/value The study addresses the way that Google is embedded in online activities and how the search engine is viewed in various contexts, as well as how it is made invisible in some contexts. Previous research has not addressed Google’s role in specific in relation to various everyday uses.
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Levin, Irwin P. « Associative effects of information framing ». Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 25, no 2 (février 1987) : 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03330291.

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Stapleton, Helen, Mavis Kirkham, Penny Curtis et Gwenan Thomas. « Framing information in antenatal care ». British Journal of Midwifery 10, no 4 (avril 2002) : 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2002.10.4.10330.

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Jasper, John D., Candice Fournier et Stephen D. Christman. « Handedness differences in information framing ». Brain and Cognition 84, no 1 (février 2014) : 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2013.11.006.

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Meer, Patricia Fravel Vander, Maria A. Perez-Stable et Dianna E. Sachs. « Framing a Strategy ». Reference & ; User Services Quarterly 52, no 2 (1 décembre 2012) : 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.52n2.109.

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Vreese, Claes H. « News framing ». Identifying information and tenor in texts 13, no 1 (18 avril 2005) : 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idjdd.13.1.06vre.

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Ogola, George. « Africa and the Covid-19 Information Framing Crisis ». Media and Communication 8, no 2 (25 juin 2020) : 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i2.3223.

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Africa faces a double Covid-19 crisis. At once it is a crisis of the pandemic, at another an information framing crisis. This article argues that public health messaging about the pandemic is complicated by a competing mix of framings by a number of actors including the state, the Church, civil society and the public, all fighting for legitimacy. The article explores some of these divergences in the interpretation of the disease and how they have given rise to multiple narratives about the pandemic, particularly online. It concludes that while different perspectives and or interpretations of a crisis is not necessarily wrong, where these detract from the crisis itself and become a contestation of individual and or sector interests, they birth a new crisis. This is the new crisis facing the continent in relation to the pandemic.
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Ruth, Julie A., et Anne York. « Framing information to enhance corporate reputation ». Journal of Business Research 57, no 1 (janvier 2004) : 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0148-2963(02)00270-9.

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Sato, Naoshi. « Framing system using error checking information ». Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I : Communications) 74, no 8 (août 1991) : 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410740804.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Information framing"

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Wald, Shannon M. « Framing social information and public speaking anxiety / ». Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1083543041&sid=36&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Davidson, Elizabeth J. « Framing information systems requirements : an investigation of social cognitive processes in informatin system delivery ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11178.

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Simonovic, Nicolle. « Effects of Construal Framing on Responses to Ambiguous Health Information ». Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1594927308547261.

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Bowie, Anneli. « Re/framing design trends : a Burkean meta-rhetorical approach ». Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65539.

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This thesis illustrates the potential of Kenneth Burke’s theory for interrogating visual design trend dynamics and rhetorics. The investigation originated in response to the perceived unsustainability of accelerated design trend dynamics, as amplified by rhetorically-driven aesthetic obsolescence. The hermeneutic framework developed in this study, referred to as a Burkean meta-rhetorical approach, is thus used towards re-framing attitudes towards and engagements with design trends. The framework is illustrated throughout the study by referring to visual design examples as well as verbal discourse surrounding prominent historical and contemporary design movements or trends. Various theoretical facets form part of the meta-rhetorical framework, namely Burke’s dialectics, dramatism, rhetoric, criticism and ethics. A Burkean dialectical perspective on design trends offers foundational insights on how symbolic language creates ‘design dialectics’, which translate into dynamic design change over time. Burke’s ‘dramatism’ sheds light on the human-relational ‘design drama’ that impacts design trend engagements. Burke’s rhetoric offers insights on rhetorical strategies or persuasive tactics found in ‘the rhetorical design situation’, where designers are both producers and consumers of design trend rhetorics. Burke’s critical theory is useful for interrogating perceived ‘design (dis)orders’ or design attitudes and behaviours that become imbalanced, potentially contributing to and exacerbating problematic trend dynamics. Lastly, Burke’s symbolic re-framing strategies are considered towards developing more ethical, honest and responsible (less polemical or melodramatic) trend rhetorics. Burke’s meta-rhetorical theory is thus presented as a valuable theoretical approach in design, for nurturing greater rhetorical awareness and promoting more responsible rhetorical design citizenship.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Visual Arts
PhD
Unrestricted
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Clark, Joel J. « The effects of information technologies on insurgency conflict : framing future analysis ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA359970.

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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1998.
"DEcember 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Gordon McCormick, Erik Jansen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49). Also available online.
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Anthony, Aaron M. « Assessing the Accuracy, Use, and Framing of College Net Pricing Information ». Thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13819961.

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In this dissertation, I explore questions relating to estimating and framing college net pricing. In the first study, I measure variation in actual grant aid awards for students predicted by the federal template Net Price Calculator (NPC) to receive identical aid awards. Estimated aid derived from the federal template NPC accounts for 85 percent of the variation in actual grant aid received by students. I then consider simple modifications to the federal template NPC that explain more than half of the initially unexplained variation in actual grant aid awards across all institutional sectors. The second study explores perceptions of college net pricing and the resources families use to learn about college expenses. Students and parents show substantial variation in their perceptions of college price and ability to accurately estimate likely college expenses, even when prompted to seek pricing information online. While most participants were able to estimate net price within 25 percent of NPC estimates, others were inaccurate by as much as 250 percent, or nearly $30,000. I then propose possible explanations for more or less accurate estimates that consider parent education, student grade level, previous NPC use, and online college pricing search strategies. In the third study, I explore the potential for shifts in college spending preferences when equivalent college cost scenarios are framed in different ways. I exploit disparities between net price and total price to randomly present participants with one of three framing conditions: gain, loss, and full information. Participants are between five and six percentage points more likely to choose a college beyond their stated price preference when cost information is framed in such a way that emphasizes financial grant aid received as opposed to remaining costs to be paid or full cost information. The results of these studies suggest that clearly structured, simple to use informational resources can accurately and effectively communicate important college information. However, simply making resources available without consideration of accessibility or relevance may be insufficient. Policymakers and other hosts of college information resources should also carefully consider the ways that the presentation of college information might influence students’ decisions.

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Tolis, Christofer. « Framing the business : business modelling for business development ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögskolan) (EFI), 2005. http://web.hhs.se/efi/summary/664.htm.

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Hutson, Peter M. « Downsizing information systems : framing the issues for the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA279888.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems) Naval Postgraduate School, March 1994.
Thesis advisor(s): Myung W. Suh, James C. Emery. "March 1994." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Värlander, Sara. « Framing and overflowing : how the infusion of information technology alters proximal service production / ». Stockholm : School of Business, Stockholm University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6812.

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Na, Kilhoe. « Persuasion and News Sharing : Sharer, Sharing Frequency, and Framing ». The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1430950796.

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Livres sur le sujet "Information framing"

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Framing library instruction. Chicago : Association of College and Research Libraries, 2009.

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Budd, John. Framing library instruction. Chicago : Association of College and Research Libraries, 2009.

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Budd, John. Framing library instruction. Chicago : Association of College and Research Libraries, 2009.

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Budd, John. Framing library instruction. Chicago : Association of College and Research Libraries, 2009.

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1964-, Subirana Brian, et Valor J, dir. Sources of information value : Strategic framing and the transformation of the information industries. Basingstoke, Hampshire : Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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Framing Peace : Public information and security in UN peace operations. Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2011.

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Cosh, Tammy V. Knowledge and framing of information on decision choice and decider confidence. Sudbury, Ont : Laurentian University, 2007.

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Hutson, Peter M. Downsizing information systems : Framing the issues for the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI). Monterey, Calif : Naval Postgraduate School, 1994.

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Eytan, Gilboa, dir. Media and conflict : Framing issues, making policy, shaping opinions. Ardsley, NY : Transnational Publishers, 2002.

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The development of a county-based public health data, information, and resource network : Framing the concepts and issues. Oakland, Calif : Regent Press, 1997.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Information framing"

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Barr, Trevor. « Australia's Information Society : Clever Enough ? » Dans Framing Technology, 91–104. London : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003416494-9.

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Demski, Joel S. « Framing Decisions ». Dans Managerial Uses of Accounting Information, 259–80. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3641-9_11.

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Demski, Joel S. « Consistent Decision Framing ». Dans Managerial Uses of Accounting Information, 1–28. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77451-0_8.

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Demski, Joel S. « Consistent Framing under Uncertainty ». Dans Managerial Uses of Accounting Information, 1–26. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77451-0_9.

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Demski, Joel S. « Applications of the Framing Principles ». Dans Managerial Uses of Accounting Information, 281–305. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3641-9_12.

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Eddy, Pamela L. « Communicating and Framing Information on Campus ». Dans Community College Leadership, 62–90. New York : Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003443506-4.

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Avgerou, Chrisanthi. « Theoretical Framing of ICT4D Research ». Dans Information and Communication Technologies for Development, 10–23. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59111-7_2.

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Demski, Joel S. « Consistent Framing in a Strategic Setting ». Dans Managerial Uses of Accounting Information, 1–31. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77451-0_10.

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Goodyear, Steve. « Framing Your Information Architecture and UI Standards ». Dans Practical SharePoint 2013 Governance, 291–311. Berkeley, CA : Apress, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4888-0_15.

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Saunders, Laura. « Re-Framing Information Literacy for Social Justice ». Dans Information Literacy : Key to an Inclusive Society, 56–65. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52162-6_6.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Information framing"

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Han, Shuguang, Xing Yi, Zhen Yue, Zhigeng Geng et Alyssa Glass. « Framing Mobile Information Needs ». Dans CIKM'16 : ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2983323.2983654.

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Malak, Richard, Rachel Smallman et Heather Lench. « An Empirical Study of the Impact of Task Expectation Framing on Design Decision Delegation ». Dans ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90147.

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Abstract The delegation of decision authority is a routine part of engineering systems design. Examples include hiring an outside subcontractor and assigning specific design tasks to a subordinate engineer. In all cases, the delegator is responsible for describing the task to the delegate in a way that clarifies expected outcomes. Ideally, the delegate executes the task in a manner consistent with the preferences of the delegator. For systems design tasks, this means the delegate specifies an artifact with engineering attributes desired by the delegator. Whether such expectations are conveyed successfully can have a major impact on the success of a project. However, despite the central nature of such communications in engineering systems design and the potential consequences miscommunication, there has been little empirical investigation of decision delegation in design. This experimental study examines how the framing of decision task expectations impact task outcomes. Subjects participate in an engineering-themed computer game in which they make design choices. Subjects are assigned to conditions randomly, with some given instructions framed as traditional design requirements and others given instructions in a value-driven design framing (e.g., to maximize a figure of merit). A total of 472 engineering students participated in the study. Results indicate that task outcome expectation framing can impact task performance, with design requirement task framings exhibiting advantages over a value-driven framing. This suggests theoretical arguments favoring value-driven framings may not capture adequately the effect of human behavior.
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Saarikko, Ted, Urban Nuldén, Pär Meiling et Kalevi Pessi. « Framing Crisis Information Systems : The Case of WIS ». Dans Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2020.265.

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Li, Guiling, et Yongchong Yang. « Spatial Information Grid-based Digital Map Framing Method ». Dans 2015 3rd International Conference on Mechatronics and Industrial Informatics. Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmii-15.2015.47.

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Hapsara, Manik. « E-voting Indonesia : Framing the research ». Dans 2014 9th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisti.2014.6877000.

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Kishore, Kavya, Greeshma N. Gopal et Neethu P H. « Document Summarization in Malayalam with sentence framing ». Dans 2016 International Conference in Information Science (ICIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infosci.2016.7845326.

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Illera, Jorge Holguera. « Framing theory in studies of environmental information in press ». Dans TEEM'18 : Sixth International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3284179.3284338.

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Paniccia, Christian, et L. H. Shu. « Message Framing to Reduce Automobile Idling ». Dans ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85679.

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This work aims to develop interventions to reduce automobile idling, where a driver runs the engine unnecessarily while not moving. Idling is a serious problem that wastes fuel, pollutes the air, and releases greenhouse gas emissions. Drivers idle for different reasons, including misconceptions about the time needed to warm up their engines and how much additional fuel is expended by turning the engine off and back on. Information-based interventions, i.e., messages to address idling, may therefore work more effectively to change behavior by correcting such misconceptions than for other types of pro-environmental behaviors where corresponding misconceptions may not exist. This work incorporates Regulatory Focus Theory, a social-psychological framework which differentiates between promotion- and prevention-focused individuals. Furthermore, messages are framed with respect to idling-relevant concerns that participants identify — finance, health, or the environment. Participants were asked to express behavioral intention and engagement in response to messages tailored for their regulatory focus and domain of concern. Results revealed that 1) participants prioritized finance and health much more often than the environment; 2) most participant categories responded well to their targeted messages; 3) Promotion/Finance participants seemed especially challenging to motivate, but modifications to their targeted messages led to improved results.
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Hey, Jonathan, Jonathan Yu et Alice M. Agogino. « Design Team Framing : Paths and Principles ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49383.

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This paper addresses two major challenges new product development teams face in making a product people want. The first challenge is to frame the design situation based on a real need of a customer. The second challenge is to get everyone on the team in agreement about what that framing is — everyone needs to be on the same page about what it is they’re doing. Yet these two challenges are not independent, they are intertwined with each other, connected by the concrete research and sharing activities the teams perform. We introduce a framework to help understand the path of a design team along these two dimensions as well as illustrations of the three most common paths observed among graduate multidisciplinary new product development teams as supported by interviews and survey data. These case studies form the basis of four themes to help teams navigate the new product development process.
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Shipunova, Olga, Irina Berezovskaya, Ivan Kolomeyzev et Nadezhda Kvashenko. « Framing Communicative Techniques to Construct Life World ». Dans Proceedings of the International Conference Communicative Strategies of Information Society (CSIS 2018). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/csis-18.2019.29.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Information framing"

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Caplin, Andrew, et Daniel Martin. Framing, Information, and Welfare. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, mai 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27265.

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Gingerich, Daniel, et Carlos Scartascini. Research Insights : Does the Framing of Information on Crime Rates Affect Citizens' Preferences for Anti-Crime Policies ? Inter-American Development Bank, février 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003040.

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Anti-crime policy preferences can be swayed by the framing of crime rate information. Both framing information as an upward trend in crime or a downward trend in crime increased demands for punitive policies as opposed to social policies, when compared to a control group that received no information. Individuals with no previous information about crime rates were more affected by the treatments than those who were familiar with crime rates in the country.
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Ferryman, Kadija. Framing Inequity in Health Technology : The Digital Divide, Data Bias, and Racialization. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, février 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3018.d.2022.

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" Since 2010, there has been an exponential growth in health data and health information technologies, such as electronic health records (EHRs), and AI-enabled medical tools. Despite the growth and investment in these technologies, they have had few positive effects on health outcomes, especially for marginalized populations. This review begins by addressing common rhetorical and ethical responses to inequities in health technologies, such as the digital divide and data bias frames. It then problematizes both approaches before proposing that examining racialization, or the creation and circulation of racial hierarchies, can contribute to a more comprehensive framework for facilitating health equity in health information technology."
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McGarrigle, M. Embedding Building Information Modelling into Construction Technology and Documentation Courses. Unitec ePress, novembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.005.

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The aim of this research is to generate a resource to assist construction lecturers in identifying opportunities where Building Information Modelling [BIM] could be employed to augment the delivery of subject content within individual courses on construction technology programmes. The methodology involved a detailed analysis of the learning objectives and underpinning knowledge of the course content by topic area, within the residential Construction Systems 1 course presently delivered at Unitec on the National Diplomas in Architectural Technology[NDAT], Construction Management [NDCM] and Quantity Surveying [NDQS]. The objective is to aid students’ understanding of specific aspects such as planning controls or sub-floor framing by using BIM models, and investigate how these could enhance delivery modes using image,animation and interactive student activity. A framework maps the BIM teaching opportunities against each topic area highlighting where these could be embedded into construction course delivery. This template also records software options and could be used in similar analyses of other courses within similar programmes to assist with embedding BIM in subject delivery.
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McGarrigle, M. Embedding Building Information Modelling into Construction Technology and Documentation Courses. Unitec ePress, novembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.005.

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The aim of this research is to generate a resource to assist construction lecturers in identifying opportunities where Building Information Modelling [BIM] could be employed to augment the delivery of subject content within individual courses on construction technology programmes. The methodology involved a detailed analysis of the learning objectives and underpinning knowledge of the course content by topic area, within the residential Construction Systems 1 course presently delivered at Unitec on the National Diplomas in Architectural Technology[NDAT], Construction Management [NDCM] and Quantity Surveying [NDQS]. The objective is to aid students’ understanding of specific aspects such as planning controls or sub-floor framing by using BIM models, and investigate how these could enhance delivery modes using image,animation and interactive student activity. A framework maps the BIM teaching opportunities against each topic area highlighting where these could be embedded into construction course delivery. This template also records software options and could be used in similar analyses of other courses within similar programmes to assist with embedding BIM in subject delivery.
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Sarofim, Samer, et Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California : The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, juillet 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Sarofim, Samer, et Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California : The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, juillet 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Vlaicu, Razvan. Trust, Collaboration, and Policy Attitudes in the Public Sector. Inter-American Development Bank, mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003280.

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This paper examines new data on public sector employees from 18 Latin American countries to shed light on the role of trust in the performance of government agencies. We developed an original survey taken during the first COVID-19 wave that includes randomized experiments with pandemic-related treatments. We document that individual-level trust in coworkers, other public employees, and citizens is positively related to performance-enhancing behaviors, such as cooperation and information-sharing, and policy attitudes, such as openness to technological innovations in public service delivery. Trust is more strongly linked to positive behaviors and attitudes in non-merit-based civil service systems. High-trust and low-trust respondents report different assessments of their main work constraints. Also, they draw different inferences and prefer different policy responses when exposed to data-based framing treatments about social distancing outcomes in their countries. Low-trust public employees are more likely to assign responsibility for a negative outcome to the government and to prefer stricter enforcement of social distancing.
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Zilberman, David, Amir Heiman et Yanhong Jin. Use of Branding and Sampling in Agricultural Fresh Produce. United States Department of Agriculture, juillet 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7697116.bard.

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The original proposal has three main objectives: a conceptual framework on willingness to pay (WTP) for fruits and vegetables, the introduction of branding and sampling in fresh food, and empirical applications to the United States and Israel. We modified our research plan over time based on availability of data and emergence of new problems. We expanded the range of products to include poultry and the range of techniques to use real experiments as well as more traditional surveys. We expanded the range of problems to understand attitudes toward genetically modified (GM) food. There is a growing interest in introduction of marketing tools like demonstration sampling, money-back guarantees, labeling, and brands in agriculture. These marketing tools are important for enhancing demand for agricultural products and food safety. However, the methodology needed to assess the effectiveness of these tools and understand their performance in different agricultural sectors is limited. Our analysis demonstrated the importance of brands as a marketing tool in agriculture. In particular, we showed conceptually that strong brands can be substitutes for other marketing tools like sampling or demonstration. We were able to conduct real experiments for the demand for safe chicken and show that consumers are willing to pay significantly more for products branded as more safe. Yet, using experiments in Israel and the United States, we found that WTP for brands of fresh fruits and vegetables is smaller than in other product categories. Warning labels are a sort of negative branding. The GM-free labeling is particularly important since it serves as a trade barrier to U.S. crops exports. Our analysis of acceptance of GM products found that WTP for GM products in Israel and the United States depends on framing of information about the impact ofGM and the quantity of information disclosed. Finally, in analyzing the evolution of support for Proposition 37 that aimed to introduce mandatory labeling of GM in California, we found that support for mandatory labeling ofGM products is broad as long as it is not perceived to be costly. Our project demonstrates the feasibility of conducting real experiments to assess consumer demand in agriculture. When looking at interdisciplinary groups, one can design new products and assess the WTP for their characteristics. We also show that, while branding is a very strong marketing tool, its use in fresh fruit and vegetables is likely to be limited. However, brands can be important with processed food. Furthermore, we have proven that, while some consumers strongly object to GM products, most consumers in the United States and Israel would be willing to buy them for a discount, and some would pay extra if they are associated with improved characteristics. Finally, we expanded the notion of warning labels to calorie information and showed that the response to calorie information depends on gender, education, and how the information is presented.
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Sarofim, Samer. Developing an Effective Targeted Mobile Application to Enhance Transportation Safety and Use of Active Transportation Modes in Fresno County : The Role of Application Design & ; Content. Mineta Transportation Institute, juillet 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2013.

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This research empirically investigates the need for, and the effective design and content of, a proposed mobile application that is targeted at pedestrians and cyclists in Fresno County. The differential effect of the proposed mobile app name and colors on the target audience opinions was examined. Further, app content and features were evaluated for importance and the likelihood of use. This included design appeal, attractiveness, relevance, ease of navigation, usefulness of functions, personalization and customization, message recipients’ attitudes towards message framing, and intended behaviors related to pedestrian, cyclist, and motorist traffic safety practices. Design mobile application features tested included image aesthetics, coherence and organization, and memorability and distinction. Potential engagement with the mobile app was assessed via measuring the users’ perceived enjoyment while using the app. The behavioral intentions to adopt the app and likelihood to recommend the app were assessed. The willingness to pay for purchasing the app was measured. This research provided evidence that a mobile application designed for pedestrians and cyclists is needed, with high intentions for its adoption. Functions, such as Safety Information, Weather Conditions, Guide to Trails, Events for Walkers and Bikers, and Promotional Offers are deemed important by the target population. This research was conducted in an effort to increase active transportation mode utilization and to enhance the safety of vulnerable road users. The public, city administrators, transportation authorities, and policy makers shall benefit from the results of this study by adapting the design and the features that are proposed in this research and were found appealing and useful for the target vulnerable road user groups. The need of the proposed mobile application and its main functions are established, based on the results of this research, which propagates further steps of implementation by city administrators and transportation authorities.
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