Thèses : « Information dissemination and diffusion »

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Agarwal, Rachit. « Towards enhancing information dissemination in wireless networks ». Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TELE0020/document.

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Dans les systèmes d'alertes publiques, l’étude de la diffusion des informations dans le réseau est essentielle. Les systèmes de diffusion des messages d'alertes doivent atteindre beaucoup de nœuds en peu de temps. Dans les réseaux de communication basés sur les interactions “device to device”, on s'est récemment beaucoup intéressé à la diffusion des informations et le besoin d'auto-organisation a été mis en évidence. L'auto-organisation conduit à des comportements locaux et des interactions qui ont un effet sur le réseau global et présentent un avantage de scalabilité. Ces réseaux auto-organisés peuvent être autonomes et utiliser peu d'espace mémoire. On peut développer des caractères auto-organisés dans les réseaux de communication en utilisant des idées venant de phénomènes naturels. Il semble intéressant de chercher à obtenir les propriétés des “small world” pour améliorer la diffusion des informations dans le réseau. Dans les modèles de “small world” on réalise un recâblage des liens dans le réseau en changeant la taille et la direction des liens existants. Dans un environnement sans-fils autonome une organisation de ce type peut être créée en utilisant le flocking, l'inhibition latérale et le “beamforming”. Dans ce but, l'auteur utilise d'abord l'analogie avec l'inhibition latérale, le flocking et le “beamforming” pour montrer comment la diffusion des informations peut être améliorée. L'analogue de l'inhibition latérale est utilisé pour créer des régions virtuelles dans le réseau. Puis en utilisant l'analogie avec les règles du flocking, on caractérise les propriétés des faisceaux permettant aux nœuds de communiquer dans les régions. Nous prouvons que les propriétés des “small world” sont vérifiées en utilisant la mesure des moyennes des longueurs des chemins. Cependant l'algorithme proposé est valable pour les réseaux statiques alors que dans les cas introduisant de la mobilité, les concepts d'inhibition latérale et de flocking nécessiteraient beaucoup plus de temps. Dans le cas d'un réseau mobile la structure du réseau change fréquemment. Certaines connexions intermittentes impactent fortement la diffusion des informations. L'auteur utilise le concept de stabilité avec le “beamforming” pour montrer comment on peut améliorer la diffusion des informations. Dans son algorithme il prévoit d'abord la stabilité du nœud en utilisant des informations locales et il utilise ce résultat pour identifier les nœuds qui réaliseront du beamforming. Dans l'algorithme, les nœuds de stabilité faible sont autorisés à faire du beamforming vers les nœuds de forte stabilité. La frontière entre forte et faible stabilité est fixée par un seuil. Cet algorithme ne nécessite pas une connaissance globale du réseau, mais utilise des données locales. Les résultats sont validés en étudiant le temps au bout duquel plus de nœuds reçoivent l'information et en comparant avec d'autres algorithmes de la littérature. Cependant, dans les réseaux réels, les changements de structure ne sont pas dus qu'à la mobilité, mais également à des changements de la densité des nœuds à un moment donné. Pour tenir compte de l'influence de tels événements sur la diffusion des informations concernant la sécurité publique, l'auteur utilise les concepts de modèle de métapopulation, épidémiologiques, “beamforming” et mobilité géographique obtenu à partir de données D4D. L'auteur propose la création de trois états latents qu'il ajoute au modèle épidémiologique connu: SIR. L'auteur étudie les états transitoires en analysant l'évolution du nombre de postes ayant reçu les informations et compare les résultats concernant ce nombre dans les différents cas. L'auteur démontre ainsi que le scenario qu'il propose permet d'améliorer le processus de diffusion des informations. Il montre aussi les effets de différents paramètres comme le nombre de sources, le nombre de paquets, les paramètres de mobilité et ceux qui caractérisent les antennes sur la diffusion des informations
In public warning message systems, information dissemination across the network is a critical aspect that has to be addressed. Dissemination of warning messages should be such that it reaches as many nodes in the network in a short time. In communication networks those based on device to device interactions, dissemination of the information has lately picked up lot of interest and the need for self organization of the network has been brought up. Self organization leads to local behaviors and interactions that have global effects and helps in addressing scaling issues. The use of self organized features allows autonomous behavior with low memory usage. Some examples of self organization phenomenon that are observed in nature are Lateral Inhibition and Flocking. In order to provide self organized features to communication networks, insights from such naturally occurring phenomenon is used. Achieving small world properties is an attractive way to enhance information dissemination across the network. In small world model rewiring of links in the network is performed by altering the length and the direction of the existing links. In an autonomous wireless environment such organization can be achieved using self organized phenomenon like Lateral inhibition and Flocking and beamforming (a concept in communication). Towards this, we first use Lateral Inhibition, analogy to Flocking behavior and beamforming to show how dissemination of information can be enhanced. Lateral Inhibition is used to create virtual regions in the network. Then using the analogy of Flocking rules, beam properties of the nodes in the regions are set. We then prove that small world properties are achieved using average path length metric. However, the proposed algorithm is applicable to static networks and Flocking and Lateral Inhibition concepts, if used in a mobile scenario, will be highly complex in terms of computation and memory. In a mobile scenario such as human mobility aided networks, the network structure changes frequently. In such conditions dissemination of information is highly impacted as new connections are made and old ones are broken. We thus use stability concept in mobile networks with beamforming to show how information dissemination process can be enhanced. In the algorithm, we first predict the stability of a node in the mobile network using locally available information and then uses it to identify beamforming nodes. In the algorithm, the low stability nodes are allowed to beamform towards the nodes with high stability. The difference between high and low stability nodes is based on threshold value. The algorithm is developed such that it does not require any global knowledge about the network and works using only local information. The results are validated using how quickly more number of nodes receive the information and different state of the art algorithms. We also show the effect of various parameters such as number of sources, number of packets, mobility parameters and antenna parameters etc. on the information dissemination process in the network. In realistic scenarios however, the dynamicity in the network is not only related to mobility. Dynamic conditions also arise due to change in density of nodes at a given time. To address effect of such scenario on the dissemination of information related to public safety in a metapopulation, we use the concepts of epidemic model, beamforming and the countrywide mobility pattern extracted from the $D4D$ dataset. Here, we also propose the addition of three latent states to the existing epidemic model ($SIR$ model). We study the transient states towards the evolution of the number of devices having the information and the difference in the number of devices having the information when compared with different cases to evaluate the results. Through the results we show that enhancements in the dissemination process can be achieved in the addressed scenario

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Jacobs, Neil. « Scholarly Communication, the Information Chain and Technology : Analyses and Reflexions ». Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. http://eprints.rclis.org/6802/1/thesis.pdf.

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It is no longer easy to adopt deterministic explanations of scholarly communication, technology or the information chain. Complex and reflexive relations have built up between the substantive and methodological literatures relevant to these topics. This thesis aims to explore these relations with reference to two sets of interviews, one with academic researchers and the other with information professionals. These interviews were conducted in 1998-9 during the FIDDO Project, a part of the UK Joint Information Systems Committee ‘Electronic Libraries Programme’. Two major theoretical perspectives are employed to support two analytic methodologies. The first is social constructivism, which is represented methodologically in the thesis by discourse analysis. The second is actor-network theory, which is represented methodologically by co-word analysis. Both of these approaches are engaged in questions of relativism and realism in social explanation. The implementation of each of the methodologies involves innovative moves. The discourse analysis is focused on personal deixis (self-reference) located by pronoun-use, and on interest management. The co-word analysis is adapted from a scientometric technique and supplemented by the use of categorical definitions of the three topics. Each methodology is employed to analyse both sets of interviews. The four resulting sets of findings are presented in terms of the boundaries apparent between the three topical concepts. The boundaries between scholarly communication, technology and the information chain are found to vary, for example according to the identities of the interviewees responsible for the data. They also vary according to the methodology employed. Discourse analysis of interviews with information professionals suggests that the idea of technology is deployed as a dual repertoire, consisting of empowerment and automation, and that the pattern of this deployment is one constituent of the contested boundaries between the three topics. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that an important focus of the boundaries is around the idea of electronic journals. Discourse analysis of interviews with academic researchers also reveals use of the dual technology repertoire, but in addition suggests that the category of formal scholarly communication acts to legitimate the interests of researchers. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that a number of models of document access were in play, including those based on the library, on paper and on documents. The implications of these substantive analyses include that studies based on ‘user needs’ or the ‘impact of technology’ could benefit from an analysis of how such topics are constructed in particular accounts. Finally, the question is addressed as to the extent that the results of the discourse and the co-word analyses (of the same data) are compatible so that they can be meaningfully synthesised. That is, do the two approaches give rise to outcomes that have similar epistemological status? The question is answered ‘empirically’ with reference to the issue of reflexivity as it is configured in the two approaches, and it is confirmed that the two types of outcome are not compatible due to profound differences in the positions adopted by their respective informing theories. The methodological implications of this include that those engaged in relativist research practice need to be aware the ways in which epistemological and reflexive issues are relevant to their actions.

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Medetov, Seytkamal. « Bio-inspired Approaches for Informatio Dissemination in Ad hon Networks ». Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BELF0253/document.

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La dissémination d’information dans les réseaux VANET est une opération fondamentale pour la sécurité routière. Il est dès lors nécessaire de concevoir et mettre en oeuvre des algorithmes efficaces et adaptatifs pour la dissémination d’informations sélectives et pertinentes.Dans ce travail, des approches Bio-inspirées sont proposées, à partir des comportements auto-organisés des essaims comme les colonies de fourmis et d’abeilles. Ces approches visent à fournir à chaque véhicule des informations en provenance de son environnement et alerter les conducteurs. Dans la première approche, le système de communication direct et indirect des fourmis est utilisé. Les fourmis partagent les informations sur les sources de nourriture avec des membres de la colonie en sécrétant la phéromone sur leurs chemins. La deuxième approche est inspirée par le système de communication des abeilles. Les abeilles partagent les informations à propos des sources de nourriture avec les autres membres de la ruche par des messages spécifiques, selon l’importance de ces sources.Une nouvelle mesure de "pertinence" associée aux messages est définie, par analogie à la sécrétion des phéromones des fourmis et au niveau de l’intensité des messages pour les abeilles, pour disséminer des informations de sécurité dans une zone géographique. Les simulations sont effectuées en utilisant le simulateur NS2 pour mesurer l’efficacité des approches proposées sous différentes conditions, en particulier en termes de densités et vitesses des véhicules
Information dissemination in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) is a fundamental operation to increase the safety awareness among vehicles on roads. Thus, the design and implementation of efficient and scalable algorithms for relevant information dissemination constitutes a major issue that should be tackled.In this work, bio-inspired information dissemination approaches are proposed, that use self-organization principles of swarms such as Ant and Honey Bee colonies. These approaches are targeted to provide each vehicle with the required information about its surrounding and assist drivers to be aware of undesirable road conditions. In the first approach, Ant’s direct and indirect communication systems are used. Ants share information about food findings with colony members by throwing pheromone on the returning to the nest. The second, an RSU-based approach is inspired by the Bee communication system. Bees share profitable food sources with hive-mates in their hive by specific messages.A “relevance” value associated to the emergency messages is defined as an analogue to pheromone throwing in Ant colony, and as an analogue to profitability level in Bee colony, to disseminate safety information within a geographical area. Simulations are conducted using NS2 network simulator and relevant metrics are evaluated under different node speeds and network densities to show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches

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Wallace, Richard. « ETSU Medical Residents' Clinical Information Behaviors, Skills, Training, and Resource Use ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2076.

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Information is a powerful tool for enabling physicians to provide quality healthcare for their patients. Information use in the clinic is a skill that must be learned. If medical residency programs fail to impart this skill, then patients will suffer. The residents of the ETSU Quillen College of Medicine were surveyed as to their use of clinical information. Of the 217 residents of the 2005-2006 class who were surveyed, 105 returned the survey for a return rate of 48%. The clinical faculty was also surveyed in order to measure the responses of the residents against that of their instructors. ETSU residents frequently had a new information need in the clinic. The majority of the time they did not seek an answer, but when they did they were often successful in finding an answer. Therapy information was the most frequently sought after type of information. Most residents used the Quillen College of Medicine Library, but not at a desirable rate. Residents stated that information obtained from the library was helpful in caring for their patients. The most frequent source of information used by residents was electronic resources and the greatest barrier to the use of information was time. The majority of residents were PDA users, with Palm devices being the primary platform. The residents rated their PDA skills and evidence-based medicine skills as above average. Few were LoansomeDoc users. The majority of residents received information training from clinical faculty and from librarians and rated it highly. Residents indicated a desire for more training and the majority indicated that they would like a clinical medical librarian for their program. They rated the library service of the Quillen College of Medicine and the area teaching hospitals highly. Residents used Google and the Web frequently. PubMed was rated as a valuable resource. Online journals and the UpToDate database were important electronic resources for the residents. ETSU residents have many excellent resources and training opportunities in place. However, for ETSU residents to go out into community practice as true "Infomasters" an upgrading of their information training should be undertaken.

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Henry, Didier. « Modèles de propagation de l'information et méthodes de sciences des données ». Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0323/document.

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De nos jours, les médias sociaux en ligne ont transformé notre façon de créer, de partager et d'accéder à l'information. Ces plateformes reposent sur de gigantesques réseaux favorisent le libre échange d'informations entre des centaines de millions de personnes à travers le monde entier, et cela de manière instantanée.Qu'ils soient en lien avec un évènement global ou en lien avec un évènement local, ces messages peuvent influencer une société et peuvent contenir des informations utiles pour la détection ou la prédiction de phénomènes du monde réel.Cependant, certains messages diffusés peuvent avoir un impact très négatif dans la vie réelle. Ces messages contenant une « infox » peuvent avoir des conséquences désastreuses.Pour éviter et anticiper ces situations dramatiques, suivre les rumeurs, éviter les mauvaises réputations, il est nécessaire d'étudier puis de modéliser la propagation de l'information.Or, la plupart des modèles de diffusion introduits reposent sur des hypothèses axiomatiques représentées par des modèles mathématiques. Par conséquent, ces modèles sont éloignés des comportements de diffusion des utilisateurs dans la mesure où ils n’intègrent pas les observations faites sur des cas concrets de diffusion. Dans nos travaux, nous étudions le phénomène de diffusion de l’information à deux échelles. À une échelle microscopique, nous avons observé les comportements de diffusion selon des traits de personnalité des utilisateurs en analysant les messages qu'ils publient en termes de sentiments et d'émotions. À une échelle macroscopique, nous avons analysé l'évolution du phénomène de diffusion en prenant en compte la dimension géographique des utilisateurs
Nowadays, online social media has transformed the way we create, share and access information. These platforms rely on gigantic networks that promote the free exchange of information between hundreds of millions of people around the world, and this instantly.Whether related to a global event or in connection with a local event, these messages may influence a society and may contain information useful for the detection or prediction of real-world phenomena.However, some broadcast messages can have a very negative impact in real life. These messages containing false information can have disastrous consequences.To avoid and anticipate these dramatic situations, follow rumors, avoid bad reputations, it is necessary to study and then model the propagation of information.However, most of the diffusion models introduced are based on axiomatic hypotheses represented by mathematical models. As a result, these models are far removed from the users' dissemination behaviors in that they do not incorporate observations made on concrete dissemination cases. In our work, we study the phenomenon of diffusion of information at two scales. On a microscopic scale, we observed diffusion behaviors based on the personality traits of users by analyzing the messages they post in terms of feelings and emotions. On a macroscopic scale, we analyzed the evolution of the diffusion phenomenon by taking into account the geographical dimension of the users

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Pampel, Heinz. « Universitätsverlage im Spannungsfeld zwischen Wissenschaft und Literaturversorgung. Eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme ». Thesis, Fachhochschulverlag Frankfurt am Main. Zugl. : Hochschule der Medien, Stuttgart, Diplomarbeit, 2006, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/9590/1/pampel.pdf.

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Departing from the serials crisis, this paper seeks to point out the areas of conflict, which are dominated by three principal agents: the scientific community, publishing houses and libraries. In order to facilitate interaction between these agents the open access movement has been formed, which receives considerable support from the librarianship. Abutted to the Anglo-American university presses, it has been postulated in the scientific community that German universities engage in publishing activities too. The focal point of this work is - apart from an assessment of the current situation and an overview of the Anglo-American university presses - a critical account of the German university press. On the basis of qualitative interviews different publishing houses are critically assessed in terms of their services offered. In a short excursus this paper describes subject-related publishing activities in the context of the open access movement. In conclusion this paper will expound the problems of German university presses – and formulate an outlook as to what may be the future course of the industry.

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Cubells, Puertes María José. « La classificació de la documentació parlamentària de Les Corts Valencianes : la funció de control al Consell ». Thesis, Universitat de València, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/14243/1/1_tesi.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to develop a framework for the classification of documents, as a basic tool for the records management system of the Valencian Parliament, with a view to facilitate the administrative management, the decision making and the retrieval of information.The methodology employed understands two stages: a review of the history of the Institution, its policies, procedure and function and, secondly, an actualised bibliographical review about the doctrine relative to the parliamentary control of government, and archival theories about document classification.The result is a functional table for document classification which is homogenous for the entire institution and allows adequate control, protection and records management, the standardization and simplification of procedure and the optimal exploitation of information from the Chamber.In conclusion, the system designed has been seen to be valid for the institution, achieving the expected goals in affording access to all users, including managers, politicians and researchers

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Brun, Philippe. « Conférence répartie en mode messagerie ». Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/94/12/02/PDF/1987_Brun_Philippe.pdf.

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Les conférences informatiques sont promises à un bel avenir. Toutefois, leur essor est freiné par le coût des communications, les difficultés inhérentes à ce type d'outils qui s'adressent à un grand nombre d'utilisateurs, mettent en jeu de grandes quantités d'informations et couvrent un large champ d'applications, et par la nécessité d'offrir aux usagers un accès simple, confortable et efficace. La solution que nous proposons répond à ces problèmes par les options suivantes. L'ensemble des messages échangés est archivé dans une structurée ce qui permet de les gérer efficacement. Cette base est dupliquée sur différents sites pour réduire les coûts de consultation. Les communications entre sites se font en mode messagerie telle qu'elle est recommandée par le CCITT. Pour une bonne coopération des usagers, des rôles sont définis, des droits leur sont associés. Enfin, l'interface avec l'utilisateur tire parti des progrès réalisés dans ce domaine tant dans le matériel que dans les logiciels actuellement disponibles.

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Boulland, Romain. « Trois essais en finance d'entreprise ». Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090049.

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Les investisseurs n’exploitent pas toujours toute l’information disponible lorsqu’ils prennent des décisions, en raison à la fois d’une surabondance de l’information et de capacités cognitives limitées. Le premier essai de cette thèse montre que les sociétés tirent parti de l’inattention des investisseurs en communiquant plus ou moins longtemps à l’avance la date à laquelle aura lieu les annonces de résultats. Des résultats positifs sont notifiés très en amont tandis que des résultats décevants font l’objet d’un délai de notification plus court. Le second essai traite de la visibilité internationale des sociétés et étudie l’impact d’une communication en anglais via des canaux de diffusion à grande échelle. Cette diffusion plus large augmente l’attention des investisseurs et les informations contenues dans les annonces de résultat sont plus rapidement intégrées dans le prix des titres. Le troisième essai traite des conséquences d’une visibilité accrue des sociétés sur leur politique d’investissement. Une diffusion élargie des informations financières améliore à la fois l’environnement informationnel des sociétés et l’efficacité de leur politique d’investissement
Investors often fail to incorporate all relevant information when they make decisions. This is a consequence of both information overload and investors’ limited cognitive abilities. The first essay shows that firms take advantage of investors’ inattention by managing the advance notice period of earnings announcements. Firms notify the date of positive earnings announcement several weeks in advance while disappointing earnings are notified at late notice. The second essay deals with firms’ international visibility and studies how communicating on English-speaking wire services impacts investors’ attention. Higher dissemination of news increases investors’ attention and improves the incorporation of information into stock prices. The third essay deals with the effects of firms’ visibility on investment policy. It shows that higher dissemination of disclosures improves firms’ informational environment and investment efficiency

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Abiza, Yamina. « Personnalisation de la distribution et de la présentation des informations des bases de vidéo interactive diffusées ». Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10249.

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Notre thèse traite des problèmes de la conception et de la personnalisation des applications de bases de documents de vidéo interactive dans les services d'information multimédia résidentiels émergents (télévision interactive et télématique de deuxième génération). Plus précisément nous nous intéressons aux services d'information dits "server push" où les sources d'information sont dynamiques, distribuées, et destinées à être diffusées dans des environnements hétérogènes, à ressources partagées, et à utilisateurs ayant des besoins d'information individuel différents. Dans ce contexte, il y a plusieurs aspects à personnaliser. Nous nous centrons ici sur deux problèmes particuliers : le filtrage d'information basé sur les critères de structure des documents et l'adaptation des modalités de présentation des contenus. Ces deux problèmes sont liés à la conception de la base d'information. Notre approche de la personnalisation est basée sur la définition d'un modèle conceptuel de données, HB_Model, qui comporte un modèle de données de base pour la représentation des structures des documents de vidéo interactive, un modèle HB_Views et un modèle HB_Views et un modèle HB_Versions. HB_Yiews offre un mécanisme de vues pour le filtrage automatique basé sur la structure hypermédia et la sémantique associée dans les applications étudiées. HB_Versions est un modèle de représentation et de structuration d'objets simples multiversions du modèle de base, adapté aux besoins spécifiques de la personnalisatons des modalités de présentation des contenus des documents. Ce modèle permet la spécification en intention des configurations, cohérentes et adaptatives, des modalités de présentation des contenus suivant les contraintes dynamiques du contexte d'interaction et de présentation - sous la forme d'un CSP (Constraints Satisfaction Problem). Pour terminer, nous montrons comment nos propositions s'articulent et s'insèrent dans l'architecture fonctionnelle et opérationnelle d'un service d'information de vidéo interactive diffusé et personnalisé
In this thesis we deal with the issues of the design and personalization of data-oriented interactive video applications (i. E. Multimedia/hypermedia documents applications with predominance of audio and video data) in the emerging residential multimedia informatoin services (i. E. Interactive television and second generation telematics) More specifically, we are concerned with the server-push information services (i. E. Distributed dynamic and broadcast information sources) to be deployed in heteroyenous environments with shared ressources and destinated to users having different information needs and preferences. In this context, they are a lot of possible aspects to personalize. Here we focus on two particular related aspects : structure-based information filtering and personalization of contents presentation modalities. The techniques to achieve these personalization aspects are tightly related to the design of a given information source. Our approach to personalization is based on the definition of a conceptual data model, HB_Model, composed of : 1) a base model to represent documents organization and internal structure in video interactive sources, 2) a versionning model, HB_Versions, to represents documents contents with multiple alternative representation forms or modalities, and 3) a model for wiews definition, HB_Views, to represent relatively stable users information needs. Personalized information delivery from a given server - based on structure criteria - is archived by the materialization of individual users' views specifications using newly available information on this server. Personalization of contents representation modalitics is archived by the intentional specification of documents contents configuration in the form of a CSP (Constraint Satisfaction Problem) which reflects the constraints of the interaction and presentation contexts caracteristics on the choice of the presentation modality for each content and garantees the coherence of presentation modalities combinations. Finally, we show how our propositions articulate and fit into the architecture of a personalized, server-push interactive video information service

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Boczkowski, Lucas. « Search and broadcast in stochastic environments, a biological perspective ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC044.

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Cette thèse s’articule autour de deux séries de travaux motivés par des expériences sur des fourmis. Bien qu’inspirés par labiologie, les modèles que nous développons utilisent une terminologie et une approche typique de l’informatique théorique.Le premier modèle s’inspire du transport collaboratif de nourriture au sein de l’espèce P. Longicornis. Certains aspectsfondamentaux du processus peuvent être décrits par un problème de recherche sur un graphe en présence d’un certain typed’indications bruitées à chaque noeud. Ces indications représentent de courtes traces de phéromones déposées devant l’objettransporté afin de faciliter la navigation. Dans cette thèse, nous donnons une analyse complète du problème lorsque le graphesous-jacent est un arbre, une hypothèse pertinente dans un cadre informatique. En particulier, notre modèle peut être vucomme une généralisation de la recherche binaire aux arbres, en présence de bruit. De manière surprenante, lescomportements des algorithmes optimaux dans ce cadre diffèrent suivant le type de garantie que l’on étudie : convergence enmoyenne ou avec grande probabilité.Le deuxième modèle présenté dans cette thèse a été conçu pour décrire la dissémination d’informations au sein de fourmis dudésert. Dans notre modèle, les échanges ont lieu uniformément au hasard, et sont sujets à du bruit. Nous prouvons une borneinférieure sur le nombre d’interactions requis en fonction de la taille du groupe. La borne, de même que les hypothèses dumodèle, semblent compatible avec les données expérimentales.Une conséquence théorique de ce résultat est une séparation dans ce cadre des variantes PUSH et PULL pour le problème du broadcast avec bruit. Nous étudions aussi une version du problème avec des garanties de convergence plus fortes. Dans cecas, le problème peut-être résolu efficacement, même si les échanges d’information au cours de chaque interaction sont très limités
This thesis is built around two series of works, each motivated by experiments on ants. We derive and analyse new models,that use computer science concepts and methodology, despite their biological roots and motivation.The first model studied in this thesis takes its inspiration in collaborative transport of food in the P. Longicornis species. Wefind that some key aspects of the process are well described by a graph search problem with noisy advice. The advicecorresponds to characteristic short scent marks laid in front of the load in order to facilitate its navigation. In this thesis, weprovide detailed analysis of the model on trees, which are relevant graph structures from a computer science standpoint. Inparticular our model may be viewed as a noisy extension of binary search to trees. Tight results in expectation and highprobability are derived with matching upper and lower bounds. Interestingly, there is a sharp phase transition phenomenon forthe expected runtime, but not when the algorithms are only required to succeed with high probability.The second model we work with was initially designed to capture information broadcast amongst desert ants. The model usesa stochastic meeting pattern and noise in the interactions, in a way that matches experimental data. Within this theoreticalmodel, we present in this document a strong lower bound on the number of interactions required before information can bespread reliably. Experimentally, we see that the time required for the recruitment process of even few ants increases sharplywith the group size, in accordance with our result. A theoretical consequence of the lower bound is a separation between theuniform noisy PUSH and PULL models of interaction. We also study a close variant of broadcast, without noise this time butunder more strict convergence requirements and show that in this case, the problem can be solved efficiently, even with verylimited exchange of information on each interaction

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Wang, Bohe. « Information dissemination by compounding ». Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3532.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 146 p. : ill. (some col.) + computer files. Includes supplementary version computer files in java applets, txt, and MS Word. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-91).

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Trullols, Cruces Oscar. « Information dissemination in mobile networks ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/276176.

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This thesis proposes some solutions to relieve, using Wi-Fi wireless networks, the data consumption of cellular networks using cooperation between nodes, studies how to make a good deployment of access points to optimize the dissemination of contents, analyzes some mechanisms to reduce the nodes' power consumption during data dissemination in opportunistic networks, as well as explores some of the risks that arise in these networks. Among the applications that are being discussed for data off-loading from cellular networks, we can find Information Dissemination in Mobile Networks. In particular, for this thesis, the Mobile Networks will consist of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks and Pedestrian Ad-Hoc Networks. In both scenarios we will find applications with the purpose of vehicle-to-vehicle or pedestrian-to-pedestrian Information dissemination, as well as vehicle-to-infrastructure or pedestrian-to-infrastructure Information dissemination. We will see how both scenarios (vehicular and pedestrian) share many characteristics, while on the other hand some differences make them unique, and therefore requiring of specific solutions. For example, large car batteries relegate power saving techniques to a second place, while power-saving techniques and its effects to network performance is a really relevant issue in Pedestrian networks. While Cellular Networks offer geographically full-coverage, in opportunistic Wi-Fi wireless solutions the short-range non-fullcoverage paradigm as well as the high mobility of the nodes requires different network abstractions like opportunistic networking, Disruptive/Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) and Network Coding to analyze them. And as a particular application of Dissemination in Mobile Networks, we will study the malware spread in Mobile Networks. Even though it relies on similar spreading mechanisms, we will see how it entails a different perspective on Dissemination.

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Haeupler, Bernhard. « Probabilistic methods for distributed information dissemination ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82349.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 457-484).
The ever-increasing growth of modern networks comes with a paradigm shift in network operation. Networks can no longer be abstracted as deterministic, centrally controlled systems with static topologies but need to be understood as highly distributed, dynamic systems with inherent unreliabilities. This makes many communication, coordination and computation tasks challenging and in many scenarios communication becomes a crucial bottleneck. In this thesis, we develop new algorithms and techniques to address these challenges. In particular we concentrate on broadcast and information dissemination tasks and introduce novel ideas on how randomization can lead to powerful, simple and practical communication primitives suitable for these modern networks. In this endeavor we combine and further develop tools from different disciplines trying to simultaneously addresses the distributed, information theoretic and algorithmic aspects of network communication. The two main probabilistic techniques developed to disseminate information in a network are gossip and random linear network coding. Gossip is an alternative to classical flooding approaches: Instead of nodes repeatedly forwarding information to all their neighbors, gossiping nodes forward information only to a small number of (random) neighbors. We show that, when done right, gossip disperses information almost as quickly as flooding, albeit with a drastically reduced communication overhead. Random linear network coding (RLNC) applies when a large amount of information or many messages are to be disseminated. Instead of routing messages through intermediate nodes, that is, following a classical store-and-forward approach, RLNC mixes messages together by forwarding random linear combinations of messages. The simplicity and topology-obliviousness of this approach makes RLNC particularly interesting for the distributed settings considered in this thesis. Unfortunately the performance of RLNC was not well understood even for the simplest such settings. We introduce a simple yet powerful analysis technique that allows us to prove optimal performance guarantees for all settings considered in the literature and many more that were not analyzable so far. Specifically, we give many new results for RLNC gossip algorithms, RLNC algorithms for dynamic networks, and RLNC with correlated data. We also provide a novel highly efficient distributed implementation of RLNC that achieves these performance guarantees while buffering only a minimal amount of information at intermediate nodes. We then apply our techniques to improve communication primitives in multi-hop radio networks. While radio networks inherently support broadcast communications, e.g., from one node to all surrounding nodes, interference of simultaneous transmissions makes multihop broadcast communication an interesting challenge. We show that, again, randomization holds the key for obtaining simple, efficient and distributed information dissemination protocols. In particular, using random back-off strategies to coordinate access to the shared medium leads to optimal gossip-like communications and applying RLNC achieves the first throughput-optimal multi-message communication primitives. Lastly we apply our probabilistic approach for analyzing simple, distributed propagation protocols in a broader context by studying algorithms for the Lovász Local Lemma. These algorithms find solutions to certain local constraint satisfaction problems by randomly fixing and propagating violations locally. Our two main results show that, firstly, there are also efficient deterministic propagation strategies achieving the same and, secondly, using the random fixing strategy has the advantage of producing not just an arbitrary solution but an approximately uniformly random one. Both results lead to simple, constructions for a many locally consistent structures of interest that were not known to be efficiently constructable before.
by Bernhard Haeupler.
Ph.D.

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Li, Yingjie. « Information dissemination and routing in communication networks ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1132767756.

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AGARWAL, Rachit. « Towards enhancing information dissemination in wireless networks ». Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919417.

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In public warning message systems, information dissemination across the network is a critical aspect that has to be addressed. Dissemination of warning messages should be such that it reaches as many nodes in the network in a short time. In communication networks those based on device to device interactions, dissemination of the information has lately picked up lot of interest and the need for self organization of the network has been brought up. Self organization leads to local behaviors and interactions that have global effects and helps in addressing scaling issues. The use of self organized features allows autonomous behavior with low memory usage. Some examples of self organization phenomenon that are observed in nature are Lateral Inhibition and Flocking. In order to provide self organized features to communication networks, insights from such naturally occurring phenomenon is used. Achieving small world properties is an attractive way to enhance information dissemination across the network. In small world model rewiring of links in the network is performed by altering the length and the direction of the existing links. In an autonomous wireless environment such organization can be achieved using self organized phenomenon like Lateral inhibition and Flocking and beamforming (a concept in communication). Towards this, we first use Lateral Inhibition, analogy to Flocking behavior and beamforming to show how dissemination of information can be enhanced. Lateral Inhibition is used to create virtual regions in the network. Then using the analogy of Flocking rules, beam properties of the nodes in the regions are set. We then prove that small world properties are achieved using average path length metric. However, the proposed algorithm is applicable to static networks and Flocking and Lateral Inhibition concepts, if used in a mobile scenario, will be highly complex in terms of computation and memory. In a mobile scenario such as human mobility aided networks, the network structure changes frequently. In such conditions dissemination of information is highly impacted as new connections are made and old ones are broken. We thus use stability concept in mobile networks with beamforming to show how information dissemination process can be enhanced. In the algorithm, we first predict the stability of a node in the mobile network using locally available information and then uses it to identify beamforming nodes. In the algorithm, the low stability nodes are allowed to beamform towards the nodes with high stability. The difference between high and low stability nodes is based on threshold value. The algorithm is developed such that it does not require any global knowledge about the network and works using only local information. The results are validated using how quickly more number of nodes receive the information and different state of the art algorithms. We also show the effect of various parameters such as number of sources, number of packets, mobility parameters and antenna parameters etc. on the information dissemination process in the network. In realistic scenarios however, the dynamicity in the network is not only related to mobility. Dynamic conditions also arise due to change in density of nodes at a given time. To address effect of such scenario on the dissemination of information related to public safety in a metapopulation, we use the concepts of epidemic model, beamforming and the countrywide mobility pattern extracted from the $D4D$ dataset. Here, we also propose the addition of three latent states to the existing epidemic model ($SIR$ model). We study the transient states towards the evolution of the number of devices having the information and the difference in the number of devices having the information when compared with different cases to evaluate the results. Through the results we show that enhancements in the dissemination process can be achieved in the addressed scenario

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Bako, Boto [Verfasser]. « Efficient information dissemination in VANETs / Boto Bako ». Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122195583/34.

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Wang, John (John Michael) 1976. « Information aggregation and dissemination in simulated markets ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80140.

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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 39).
by John Wang.
S.B.and M.Eng.

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Pereira, João Pedro Ferreira e. « Dissemination of contextual information for assisted driving ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23520.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações
Driver assistance systems can be used to improve road and car safety, reduce driving fatigue and provide a more e cient driving experience. An important part of these systems is the communication between vehicles, and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. This work presents mechanisms enabling driving support, exploring the vehicular network to provide information about the drivers neighborhood. The network is composed by vehicles, tra c signals and xed stations along the road. Each car is equipped with a recording camera, a GPS receiver, as well as communication modules such as WiFi, WAVE and 3G/4G, allowing the exchange of data between the various nodes. The data exchanged is composed by positional data of neighboring vehicles, sensor information from tra c signals and video images incoming from other vehicles. This data is used to facilitate the driver in decision making, but can also provide an overview of the tra c density in the neighborhood. The tra c signals broadcast their position and if they are dynamic (such as tra c lights), their status is also transmitted. The xed stations are equipped with numerous sensors and are used to provide environmental data. The driver can access all the collected data via visual information, on a display screen that contains a map of the neighborhood along with the information available of the nearby nodes. The proposed system is evaluated through real vehicular experiments in two distinct scenarios: urban and highway. The results show that the communication delay is higher in the highway scenario, mainly due to the distance between vehicles and travelling speeds. However, promising results regarding the maximum delay and the average number of retransmissions foresee important inputs for future services of assisted-driving, in general, and carovertaking assistance, in particular.
Os sistemas de condução assistida podem ser utilizados para melhorar a segurança rodoviária e automóvel, reduzir a fadiga da condução e proporcionar uma experiência de condução mais e ciente. Uma parte importante desses sistemas e a comunicação entre veículos e comunicação veiculo infraestrutura. Este trabalho propõe mecanismos que permitem o suporte a condução, explorando a rede de veicular para fornecer informações sobre a vizinhança do condutor. A rede e composta por veículos, sinais de transito e estações fixas ao longo da estrada. Cada carro esta equipado com uma camera de gravação, um receptor GPS, bem como módulos de comunicação, como WiFi, WAVE e 3G/4G, permitindo a troca de dados entre os vários nos. Os dados trocados são compostos por dados posicionais de veículos vizinhos, informações sensoriais de sinais de trânsito e imagens de vídeo provenientes de outros veículos. Esses dados s~ao usados para facilitar a tomada de decisões, mas também podem fornecer uma vis~ao geral da densidade de tráfego na vizinhança. Os sinais de transito transmitem a sua posição e, no caso de serem dinâmicos (como semáforos), o seu estado actual também e transmitido. As estações fixas estão equipadas com vários sensores e sao usadas para fornecer dados ambientais. O condutor pode aceder a todos os dados recolhidos através de informações visuais, num ecrã que contém um mapa da sua redondeza junto com a informação disponível dos nos vizinhos. O sistema proposto e avaliado através de testes reais em dois cenários distintos: urbano e auto-estrada. Os resultados mostram que o atraso da comunicação e maior no cenário da auto-estrada, principalmente devido as maiores distancias entre os veículos e as velocidades mais elevadas. No entanto, resultados promissores em relação ao atraso máximo e ao numero médio de retransmissões prevêem contribuições importantes para serviços futuros de condução assistida em geral, e assistência de ultrapassagem de veículos, em particular.

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Tantisantisom, Khumphicha. « Information dissemination for farming communities in Thailand ». Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2011. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/428.

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The use of information and communication technology tools has been applied in many disciplines, including agricultural sectors. It may be applied in many modules such as data gathering, data processing, information management and information dissemination. One issue that cannot be neglected is the readiness of technology service users, or farmers in this case. It was found that most Thai farmers were poor and illiterate; therefore, offering them the best available tools and services may not be always what they would like to use. To answer the research questions, action research methodology was selected in this study to find a practical way to deliver agricultural information to Thai farmers. Groups of participants from two villages in a northern Thai province were targeted; as a result, case study methodology was also used in this study. Accordingly, a needs analysis using a survey technique, in conjunction with an analysis of the current situation and relevant documents, was conducted in order to find answers about the types of information truly required by Thai farmers. Additionally, questions about how Thai farmers currently received agricultural information, and factors affecting their information requirements, were to be answered. Then, information dissemination through the short message service on mobile phones was found to be the most appropriate alternative for Thai farmers in this study. The free-of-charge experimental service was offered to participating farmers for a period of eight weeks. After that the user satisfaction survey and group interviews were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the system framework. A number of findings and discussion points will be useful for policy makers, relevant government agencies and other researchers who attempt to conduct viable projects in the actual field. This study revealed that income, age and education were significant factors related to the success of the agricultural information dissemination project. Also, relationships between agricultural information extension workers and farmers affected the preferences for, and attitudes to, receiving information among Thai farmers. Subsequently, a new framework was proposed and was obtained comments from agricultural extension workers in order to improve the framework for a wider scale. Finally, the main objective of this research, which was to find out how information and communication technologies can be used to enhance information dissemination to Thai farmers, was achieved. In summary, these outputs are likely to be useful and workable in practice, together with collaborations with third parties such as local councils, mobile phone service providers or academic sectors.

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Costa, Sely Maria de Souza. « The impact of computer usage on scholarly communication amongst academic social scientists ». Thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 1999. http://eprints.rclis.org/11724/1/tese_sely_completa.pdf.

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The study aims to see whether there are differences in the nature and patterns of computer usage for communicating research between disciplines in the social sciences in Brazil and, if so, whether they can be related to factors which can affect the process of communication. The theory embedded in the research model states that pressures that accompany the introduction of information technologies into a university environment are significant factors in the use of such technologies. These pressures produce differences in the communication process itself. Furthermore, there may also be a relationship between individual factors and the use of IT for communication. The research data were collected via a survey using two instruments. Firstly, mailed questionnaires were sent to 760 academic researchers in sociology and economics in Brazil, working in post-graduate programmes. A response rate of 64.1 percent was achieved. Secondly, 36 interviews were carried out with a sample of the most productive researchers in the two subjects studied. The interview sample included both respondents and non-respondents to the questionnaire. A small sample of 11 British academic researchers was included in the interview survey, in order to allow comparisons and see whether Brazilian academics lag behind IT front-runners. Data collected revealed that there is an impact of computer usage on the scholarly communication process, especially in terms of informal communication. Such an impact can be related to changes in the social interactions that underlie knowledge creation among researchers, and also relates to differences in patterns and processes of computer usage between the chosen disciplines. Formal communication has experienced a gradually growing impact by electronic media on the well-established print environment, with the likely co-existence of the two media for some time to come. The results obtained showed that Brazilian researchers do not lag behind the British ones. Not many differences, but most similarities were found between economists and sociologists in both Brazil and the UK.

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Gandhi, Bhavin B. « On the coverage of grid information dissemination protocols ». Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.

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Duggan, Fiona H. « Effective information dissemination to a community in crisis ». Thesis, Northumbria University, 2003. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/886/.

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In 1998 a village in Northumberland was at the centre of a suspected TB infection. This thesis describes a research project that aimed to characterise and evaluate the dissemination of information to the community during the crisis. The context within which the incident occurred is discussed, and the main areas of research within which this project is located are reviewed. The following objectives were set for the project — 1. To determine existing evidence of effective information dissemination 2. To determine the criteria for dissemination in the specific context of the crisis 3. To identify and develop research methods that reflect the cross-disciplinary nature of the topic. The project employed a broadly qualitative methodology and was firmly grounded in information science. A qualitative systematic review of research literature identified the existing evidence of effective information dissemination. The technique was adapted from systematic reviews conducted in health research. Twenty relevant studies were identified and their results synthesised and analysed using a meta-ethnographic approach. From this analysis the elements of effective dissemination were extracted, and when combined produced a model of effective information dissemination. Interviews conducted with key informants ascertained the criteria specific to the TB incident. The information providers for the information dissemination process set three explicit criteria during the TB incident. These criteria were underpinned by a set of assumptions about the audience for the information. A questionnaire survey of respondents in the community was conducted to incorporate their perspective in the evaluation. Analysis of the survey and interview data shows that, whilst the criteria set for the dissemination process were mostly achieved, the assumptions underpinning the dissemination process were not wholly correct. The research data was compared to the model of effective information dissemination. Additional elements were identified and a model of effective information dissemination in a crisis was produced. Further research is required to test the validity of this model. It is proposed, however, that extracting the elements from the unique situation enables translation of the research findings to other crisis situations.

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Shivshankar, Smitha. « Distributed and cooperative information dissemination in vehicular networks ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13262.

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Emerging vehicular applications need an adaptive communication framework. However, with unique network characteristics, these networks command challenges in developing an adaptive framework. Inter-vehicular communication projects and data aggregation techniques have significantly contributed towards successful contribution in these networks. However, they congest the network with increased network density and fail to address network fragmentation. Asynchronous communication is famous for distributed information routing and decoupling nature. However, it becomes necessary to address routing from the network layer perspective. This thesis combines the advantages of middleware and network layer routing to design an efficient framework for dissemination in vehicular networks during network fragmentation also reducing network overhead. The proposed framework combines the advantages of middleware and network layer routing. The application domain is designed using XML. Content based subscription model is used to convert XML based events to subscriptions. At the network layer, SMRP constructs a dynamic dissemination mesh overlay to forward the notification filter across the network to reach the interested subscribers. On the other hand, for efficient implementation of applications, cooperation plays a vital role in these networks. However, cooperation in such networks is highly ubiquitous due to the self-organizing structure and minimum network resource such as bandwidth. Reputation and Incentive methods are not applicable as following the past behavior of nodes becomes impossible due to high mobility. Traditional game theoretic approaches have extended a considerable contribution. However continuous learning over time is required. Hence, mandatory cooperation is not guaranteed. Evolutionary Game Theory is a theoretical framework to model group interactions in such complex networks to model the behavior of individuals. This thesis further contributes to model group interactions using Public Goods Game. The group interaction model using PGG is used to study the evolution of cooperation in vehicular networks under different networking conditions and compatible benefits.

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McGrath, Thomas M. Vargas Maurice R. « Improving information dissemination for the Defense Business Management University / ». Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA293700.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, March 1995.
Thesis advisor(s): M. Suh and S. F. Hurst. "March 1995." Includes bibliographical references. Also avaliable on microform and online.

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Zhang, Jianjun. « Efficient Information Dissemination in Wide Area Heterogeneous Overlay Networks ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16129.

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In this dissertation research we study and address the unique challenges involved in information sharing and dissemination of large-scale group communication applications. We focus on system architectures and various techniques for efficient and scalable information dissemination in distributed P2P environments. Our solutions are developed by targeting at utilizing three representative P2P overlay networks: structured P2P network based on consistent hashing techniques, unstructured Gnutella-like P2P network, and P2P GeoGrid based on geographical location and proximity of end nodes. We have made three unique contributions to the general field of large-scale information sharing and dissemination. First, we propose a landmark-based peer clustering techniques to grouping end-system nodes by their network proximity, and a communication management technique addresses load balancing and reliability of group communication applications in structured P2P network. Second, we develop a utility-based P2P group communication service middleware, consisting of a utility-based topology management and a utility-aware P2P routing, for providing scalable and efficient group communication services in an unstructured P2P overlay network of heterogeneous peers. Third, we propose an overlay network management protocol that is aware of the geographical location of end-system nodes and a set of routing and adaptation techniques, aiming at building decentralized information dissemination service networks to support location-based applications and services. Although different overlay networks require different system designs for building scalable and efficient information dissemination services, we have employed two common design philosophies: (1) exploiting end-system heterogeneity and (2) utilizing proximity information of end-system nodes to localize most of the communication traffic, and (3) using randomized shortcuts to accelerate long-distant communications. We have demonstrated our design philosophies and the performance improvements in the above three types of P2P overlay networks. Concretely, by assigning more workloads to more powerful peers, we can greatly increase the system scalability and reduce the variation of workload distribution. By clustering end-system nodes based on their IP-network proximity or their geographical proximity, and utilizing randomized shortcuts, we can reduce the end-to-end communication latency, balance peer workloads against service request hotspots across the overlay network, and significantly enhance the scalability and efficiency of large-scale decentralized information dissemination and group communication.

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Rahimian, Fatemeh. « Gossip-based Algorithms for Information Dissemination and Graph Clustering ». Doctoral thesis, KTH, Programvaruteknik och Datorsystem, SCS, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145361.

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Decentralized algorithms are becoming ever more prevalent in almost all real-world applications that are either data intensive, computation intensive or both. This thesis presents a few decentralized solutions for large-scale (i) data dissemination, (ii) graph partitioning, and (iii) data disambiguation. All these solutions are based on gossip, a light weight peer-to-peer data exchange protocol, and thus, appropriate for execution in a distributed environment. For efficient data dissemination, we make use of the publish/subscribe communication model and provide two distributed solutions, one for topicbased and one for content-based subscriptions, named Vitis and Vinifera respectively. These systems propagate large quantities of data to interested users with a relatively low overhead. Without any central coordinator and only with the use of gossip, we build a novel topology that enables efficient routing in an unstructured overlay. We construct a hybrid system by injecting structure into an otherwise unstructured network. The resulting structure resembles a navigable small-world network that spans along clusters of nodes that have similar subscriptions. The properties of such an overlay make it an ideal platform for efficient data dissemination in large-scale systems. Our solutions significantly outperforms their counterparts on various subscription and churn scenarios, from both synthetic models and real-world traces. We then investigate how gossiping protocols can be used, not for overlay construction, but for operating on fixed overlay topologies, which resemble graphs. In particular we study the NP-Complete problem of graph partitioning and present a distributed partitioning solution for very large graphs. This solution, called Ja-be-Ja, is based on local search and does not require access to the entire graph simultaneously. It is, therefore, appropriate for graphs that can not even fit into the memory of a single computer. Once again gossip-based algorithms prove efficient as they enable implementing light-weight peer sampling services, which supply graph nodes with partial knowledge about other nodes in the graph. The performance of our partitioning algorithm is comparable to centralized graph partitioning algorithms, and yet it is scalable and can be executed on several machines in parallel or even in a completely distributed peer-to-peer overlay. It can be used for both edge-cut and vertex-cut partitioning of graphs and can produce partition sizes of any given distribution. We further extend the use of gossiping protocols to find natural clusters in a graph instead of producing a given number of partitions. This problem, known as graph community detection, has extensive application in various fields and communities. We take the use of our community detection algorithm to the realm of linguistics and address a well-known problem of data disambiguation. In particular, we provide a parallel community detection algorithm for cross-document coreference problem. We operate on graphs that we construct by representing documents’ keywords as nodes and the co-location of those keywords in a document as edges. We then exploit the particular nature of such graphs, which is coreferent words are topologically clustered, and thus, can be efficiently discovered by our community detection algorithm.

QC 20140519

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McGrath, Thomas M., et Maurice R. Vargas. « Improving information dissemination for the Defense Business Management University ». Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7543.

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Information has never been as accessible as it is today. The Internet has evolved into the Information Superhighway through which information can be exchanged and shared across geographic boundaries. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the possibilities of utilizing Internet resources to meet the Department of Defense's (DoD) information dissemination needs. This thesis will look at the advantages and disadvantages of three methods for distributing information across the Internet. In order to learn more about the possibilities provided by the Internet, a case study using the Defense Business Management University (DBMU) is conducted. The DBMU provides course and training information to customers located worldwide. Distributing information on paper to heir customers is becoming inefficient and expensive. This thesis describes the implementation process of an Internet homepage for the DBMU. A look at the legislation that is being enacted, and how it will provide the basis for using electronic information dissemination within government is also addressed. The thesis presents a recommendation that the DBMU, and other DoD agencies with similar information dissemination problems provide unclassified information to its customers via the Internet. This thesis also provides a number of items that need to be considered when using Internet resources to distribute information.

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Liu, Guoliang. « Data Dissemination And Information Diffusion In Social Networks ». 2016. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cs_diss/113.

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Data dissemination problem is a challenging issue in social networks, especially in mobile social networks, which grows rapidly in recent years worldwide with a significant increasing number of hand-on mobile devices such as smart phones and pads. Short-range radio communications equipped in mobile devices enable mobile users to access their interested contents not only from access points of Internet but also from other mobile users. Through proper data dissemination among mobile users, the bandwidth of the short-range communications can be better utilized and alleviate the stress on the bandwidth of the cellular networks. In this dissertation proposal, data dissemination problem in mobile social networks is studied. Before data dissemination emerges in the research of mobile social networks, routing protocol of finding efficient routing path in mobile social networks was the focus, which later became the pavement for the study of the efficient data dissemination. Data dissemination priorities on packet dissemination from multiple sources to multiple destinations while routing protocol simply focus on finding routing path between two ends in the networks. The first works in the literature of data dissemination problem were based on the modification and improvement of routing protocols in mobile social networks. Therefore, we first studied and proposed a prediction-based routing protocol in delay tolerant networks. Delay tolerant network appears earlier than mobile social networks. With respect to delay tolerant networks, mobile social networks also consider social patterns as well as mobility patterns. In our work, we simply come up with the prediction-based routing protocol through analysis of user mobility patterns. We can also apply our proposed protocol in mobile social networks. Secondly, in literature, efficient data dissemination schemes are proposed to improve the data dissemination ratio and with reasonable overhead in the networks. However, the overhead may be not well controlled in the existing works. A social-aware data dissemination scheme is proposed in this dissertation proposal to study efficient data dissemination problem with controlled overhead in mobile social networks. The data dissemination scheme is based on the study on both mobility patterns and social patterns of mobile social networks. Thirdly, in real world cases, an efficient data dissemination in mobile social networks can never be realized if mobile users are selfish, which is true unfortunately in fact. Therefore, how to strengthen nodal cooperation for data dissemination is studied and a credit-based incentive data dissemination protocol is also proposed in this dissertation. Data dissemination problem was primarily researched on mobile social networks. When consider large social networks like online social networks, another similar problem was researched, namely, information diffusion problem. One specific problem is influence maximization problem in online social networks, which maximize the result of information diffusion process. In this dissertation proposal, we proposed a new information diffusion model, namely, sustaining cascading (SC) model to study the influence maximization problem and based on the SC model, we further plan our research work on the information diffusion problem aiming at minimizing the influence diffusion time with subject to an estimated influence coverage.

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Viana, Cassandra Lúcia de Maya. « O fluxo de informações na transferência de tecnologia : estudo dos acordos tecnológicos registrados no INPI - Brasil ». Thesis, 1997. http://eprints.rclis.org/7410/1/Fluxo_informa%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Transfer%C3%AAncia_de_Tecnologia.pdf.

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Analyses information flow deriving from technological agreements, in Brazil. TT is presented as a commercial, political, cultural and communication relationship between owners and receivers of new technologies. It focuses knowledge and information as important elements towards national tecnhnological development. Technical, legal and statistical documentation from INPI have been studied through 1979/1988 and 1989/1995 periods moreover plans and programs from Brazil’s cientific and tecnhological policies. Literature review has allowed raising up factors and variables related to TT within both periods. A conceptual framework, based on contractual categories INPI’s definition and, specificaly, on each one’s function regarding knowledge/information provision has posed two types of supply: one, called “accidental” flow and another called “compulsory” flow. The sample, stratified in the same proportion for each category considered, has comprised 392 elements representing an 19,130 contracts entire universe. Results have showed that the major part of contracts: do not transfer propriety neither of technology, nor of its inherent knowledge; do not usually contain restricting clauses related to information supply; may define the means by which information could be provided; do not propose training programs for receiver firms' technical staff; and do not include estimate of the degree of technological knowledge absorption. Arithmetical average calculation has permitted comparative analysis within both periods results. It has showed, for the second period, significant reduction on LEP’s type occurrance, little reduction on STE’s type occurrance, reduction also on CTI’s type occurrance and an almost double growth on FTI’s occurrance. It has also demonstrated an increase in TT agreements both originated from the native country and from foreign nations. An increase in the difference calculation of contracts numbers on the second period has lead to suppose a greater demand on out-of-the-way originated technology. Difference between average number of contracts providing both kinds of information flow has been reduced, on the second period, showing a greater demand on supposed “compulsory” flow kind of contracts. Based on the whole evidence it was inferred that TT’s information flow present situation is mainly “accidental” type and does not contribute to application and absorption of negotiated technologies and, consequently, to Brazil’s technological development. Some suggestions of areas related to TT information flow studies are presented in order to encourage deeper research. Some guidelines are proposed as subsidies to receiver countries technological policy focusing information events within TT context, aiming at impulsioning national technological development.

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Petinari, Valdinéa Sonia. « Repositórios digitais de acesso livre de monografias na área a ciência da informação ». Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/12378/1/TCC_Petinari.pdf.

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It is presented scientific communication, its communication channels, its sources of information and it is discussed the information dissemination by means of digital repositories of free access. Graduation in Brazil, the area of Information Science and the purpose of the works of course conclusion and monographs is aproached. It is investigated if the digital repositories of free access of monographs can be a new tool of scientific communication in the area of the Information Science. It is evaluated in the point of view of undergraduate, graduated and professors of the Course of Information Science of the College of Library Science of the Pontifical University Catholic of Campinas the use and the applicability of the digital repositories of free access for dissemination of the scientific knowledge. It is verified possible demand and interest of the academic community for digital access the works of course conclusion, and if the professors of the course of Information Science consider pertinent the availability of the scientific production of the graduation (monographs) in a digital repository of free access. It is used as the method scientific search of exploratory character and it is applied as instrument of the collection of data questionnaires structuralized with closed and opened questions. He has yourself as resulted of the research that the professors consider pertinent the availability of the monographs in digital way and that there is interest of the academic community in having access to informational contents by means of the digital repositories. It is concluded that, even so it is not a current practice the use of digital repositories of free access of monographs for the community searched, presented as a new tool for dissemination of the scientific communication in the area of Information Science.

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Borges, Maria Manuel. « A Esfera : comunicação académica e novos media ». Thesis, 2006. http://eprints.rclis.org/20620/1/MMB%20A%20esfera.pdf.

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In a connected world, the main problem a researcher has to face is that it is not as connected as it is expected – or, indeed, it should be. By this we mean that there are connections, but most of them are 'closed' connections, in the sense that they require a sort of key, usually a paid one, to enter into that information world. This is the problem, and what is discussed here is a contribution to overcome it. The scientific information world is a world of sharing - ideas, techniques, methodologies -, published in books, journal articles, conference proceedings and reports, among others. Not only is this a world of sharing, it also requires that it should be for the enhancement of science for all. One could reasonably expect that this technology or new media of communication would bring about a more equalitarian world; yet, this new layer of communication reflects and even reinforces the differences existing in our ordinary world. On the other hand, it invites us to imagine how it could be, contemplating new and more cooperative ways of doing science. We will try to show that this is possible; in fact, to challenge the ordinary ways of how science is communicated and disseminated – that is, shared – is imperative for the exploration of new modes of dialogue and co-construction of science, not just for researchers but for the whole society.

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Gakindi, Monica Jr. « Information access needs of satellite campuses in Kenya - Can OER close the gap ? The Case of Moi University Nairobi Campus ». Thesis, 2010. http://eprints.rclis.org/15384/1/Information%20Access%20Needs%20of%20Satellite%20Campuses%20in%20Kenya.pdf.

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This case study was aimed at obtaining the experiences of faculty and students of Moi University, Nairobi Campus in accessing information resources for teaching, learning and research. The study examined background information regarding knowledge societies and the role of higher education in society. This was done with a view to exploring the potential of Open Educational Resources in enhancing access to teaching, learning and research information resources at the campus. The literature review focused on the concept of Open Educational Resources (OER) and provided a critical examination of access to knowledge and learning materials in higher education. Evidently, little empirical studies have been conducted in Africa concerning OER. The Communities of Practice theory was adopted to inform the study with regard to learning experiences and their realization in communities. Online questionnaires and interviews were the principle data collection instruments. These were administered upon faculty, students and the librarian of Moi University, Nairobi campus. Furthermore, data was also gathered through interviews with OER experts from North America, Europe, and Africa. These experts provided vital information on the potential of OER in enhancing access to teaching, learning and research information resources to institutions such as the case for this study. The findings of the study revealed that the concept of OER was not clearly understood by the respondents and interviewees from the case institution. Respondents confused the concept of OER with other concepts like e-learning. Nevertheless, they signaled appreciation for access to open resources. In addition, it was evident that the faculty and students of this institution had insufficient access to resources. The library was not sufficiently stocked with information materials and facilities to cater for the growing population of the campus. The study recommends the adoption of more open educational practices through the creation of electronic institutional repositories that are open and searchable. Furthermore, the study suggests greater collaboration and sharing of resources and teaching practices among faculty within the campus and beyond. To achieve this, both faculty and students require information literacy skills. Finally, the study recommends that the librarians and information professionals be more proactive in identifying and bringing awareness to clients about available and relevant open resources.

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Vera-Baceta, Miguel-Ángel. « Ley de Transparencia : La apertura de datos en entidades externas a la Administración Pública ». Thesis, 2014. http://eprints.rclis.org/24742/1/219501-775931-1-PB.pdf.

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The Transparency Act, public access to information and good government is a reality in Spain. While its entry into force, in relation to transparency and access to public information, contemplates a lack of one to two years, the organizations concerned should be prepared to meet its requirements. The purpose of this paper is to present the state of the question regarding the implications of the Transparency Act in information management on organizations outside the Public Administration and proposes an opening data model as a guide for its adaptation and integration.

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Jiang, William. « Internet Training of CUNY Librarians ». Thesis, 1998. http://eprints.rclis.org/13713/1/1998_William_Jiang_-_Internet_Training_of_CUNY_Librarians.pdf.

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This paper chronicles Internet learning and usage habits of a sample size of 113 of the total universe of 320 CUNY (City Univeristy of New York) academic librarians as of the fall 1998 semester. The respondents to the survey represent a random sample of the eleven senior colleges, six junior colleges, the graduate center library and the law school library. The Internet usage and learning habits of CUNY librarians demonstrate the proactive approach that CUNY library management took to the technological training needs of its employees. The survey results show that work-led training consisted mostly of mentoring by colleagues and in-house workshops. Self-directed learning (SDL) was also an important component of the total Internet learning picture for these CUNY librarians. In the course of this paper's completion it was noted that despite the wide array of technological training methods available that use multimedia and other electronic mediums, human training, either peer to peer or workshop methods, were the most widely used modality. The sample of librarians surveyed was a heterogeneous sample in that five decades of librarians were represented; however, it was a group of individual librarians which were united by showing their dedication through service to the CUNY mission of offering access to a quality education regardless of the student's race, religion, or ethnicity.

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Rosas, Hernández Charly Michelle. « El ecosistema de la desinformación en internet : Una radiografía de su estructura ». Thesis, 2021. http://eprints.rclis.org/42272/1/El%20ecosistema%20de%20la%20desinformaci%C3%B3n%20en%20internet.pdf.

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Develop an scan of the ecosystem of disinformation on the internet to identify an approach to the actors and mechanisms that influence the spread of this phenomenon, from a library and information studies perspective. Additionally, three specific objectives are proposed: 1) Establish a conceptual framework around the ecosystem of disinformation on the internet; 2) Identify the international legal frameworks that emerged with the phenomenon of disinformation on the internet; 3) Determine the actors, technologies and manifestations of disinformation on the internet.

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Yáñez-Arca, Marcos. « Google Académico en su apogeo. ¿Existen disciplinas todavía fuera de su alcance ? Estudio de cobertura en el área de Arquitectura ». Thesis, 2014. http://eprints.rclis.org/39135/1/TFM_Marcos_Ya%C3%B1ez.pdf.

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Firstly, an analysis is carried out on the methodology used in more than fifty coverage studies of the scientific search engine Google Academic (GA). To this end, a classification of the different approaches is presented and the main problems of application to the scientific search engine are detected. Based on the conclusions obtained, a methodological proposal is elaborated, the result of which is an enriched version of the work of Neuhaus et al. (2006). Subsequently, the state of the question on the extension and depth of the GA index for the different scientific areas is presented. In the second part of the work, an analysis of coverage in the area of Architecture is carried out based on the proposed methodology. For this purpose, the Avery database is used as a reference. As a result, GA was found to have very low - but increasing - coverage rates for the Architecture area in the three periods studied: 19.53% (1950-1989), 30.99% (1990-2009) and 36.03% (2010-2014). Low quality records were also found, as well as a significant coverage imbalance by country. Causes and future trends are discussed.

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Kremsner, Elisabeth. « Der Umgang mit Wissen und Information im Amtsärztlichen Dienst des Burgenlandes : Eine Erhebung des Ist-Zustandes und Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung der aktuellen Situation ». Thesis, 2006. http://eprints.rclis.org/8617/1/AC05774929.pdf.

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In the last few years knowledge and information management has become increasingly important in the sector of health services. Written in line with the public health board, this thesis is concerned with identifying the current state of the exposure to knowledge and information, defining a target state and developing a catalogue of measures which could improve the current state. After a review of the literature in the specific area of knowledge management in the health sector and the structure of the whole public health sector, the analysis of the current state was started. The empirical part is based on information which is extracted from qualitative interviews. A total of six public health doctors and two members of department 6 – health, family and sports have been interviewed. The findings of the as-is analysis suggested four main problems, and consequently the target state was defined. In order to achieve the target state seven measures were recommended. These measures were selected according to the criteria of simple and cost-effective implementation. On the basis of the conclusions drawn from this thesis, the concrete results of the project were outlined and the benefits as well as new and open questions for the public health board were explained.

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Freire, Isadora. « Repositório institucional : um instrumento de divulgação de monografias de conclusão de curso do Departamento de Ciência da Computação ». Thesis, 2008. http://eprints.rclis.org/13273/1/ISADORA_FREIRE.pdf.

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This paper consists of a survey of institutional repositories with emphasis on the Institutional Repository Pilot Project for Undergraduation Monographs of the Computer Sciences Department - CIC, University of Brasília. Examines the importance of monographs and their inclusion in institutional repositories, describing in detail stages of the process based on experience developed in the CIC.

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Fehr, Beat. « Repositories beyond Open Access ». Thesis, 2011. http://eprints.rclis.org/16441/1/20120105-Public-BT-Rep-beyond-OA.pdf.

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Open Access Repositories enable free of charge access to scholarly publications. A new conception for the Zurich Open Repsitory and Archive (ZORA) at the University of Zurich is planned. The Open Access Team at Zurich is therefore interested in functionality offered by repository software and the boundaries to other systems in an academic environment. This document illustrates, based on the available literature and example systems, the potential of repository software in two directions. One is the perspective of Current Research Information Systems, the other one the perspective of Virtual Research Environments. It is shown that repository software can fulfill many tasks in both directions. But when it comes to specific requirements, as research evaluation or third party funds, a fully-fledged Current Reasearch Information System has many advantages. In this case only a strategic positioning in the scope of Virtual Research Environments is left for the repository in Zurich.

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Liu, Ding-Yu, et 劉鼎昱. « Using innovation diffusion theory to explore the library using the social network for the dissemination of information influencing factors ». Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02153256794197537510.

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博士
輔仁大學
商學研究所博士班
101
Many libraries are now extending services to the social network site, one of the most important reason is increasing emphasis on library services for the promotion and marketing. Changes in the environment can also cause the user has gradually changed the habit of using libraries, shifted by the entity to the virtual space. In the information-seeking behavior, in addition to the traditional way of libraries, also added to the network using Internet-based approach, such as search engines, database retrieval and various social network services. Since Web 2.0 appeared, for network users, should lie in the spirit of sharing and participation, interaction with each other, and the accumulated experience of the user. Library website provides community services, users can participate in the Web 2.0 emphasizes core concepts for more effective play. Library users through the library community website platform and do the most direct and active contact, allows the library information services through social networking sites, users and librarians to increase opportunities for interaction. As technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory is in some concepts can be complementary, therefore, this study will try to integrate technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory, by the user's cognitive characteristics, personal innovativeness, the relative advantage and attitudes and behavioral intentions to use, to understand at this stage the user using the library services provided by community status. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of using social networking services provided by the library of some of the key factors, based on technology acceptance model for the user's information technology acceptance level, provides a reasonable interpretation and inference. Technology acceptance model is widely used to predict and explain user behavior as well as information technology model used and have been many studies of its effectiveness. The study used data analysis tools to IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and IBM SPSS AMOS 20 statistical software package. In accordance with the findings, shows that the use of social networking is the library services and marketing in an inevitable trend. Hoped that the research results can be used as the library using the social networking service for the dissemination of information, as a reference direction.

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Irenoa, Kenneth Ohis. « Use of Social Media in the Generation and Diffusion of Information during the 2015 General Elections in Nigeria ». Thesis, 2017. http://eprints.rclis.org/32701/1/USE%20OF%20SOCIAL%20MEDIA%20IN%20THE%20GENERATION%20AND%20DIFFUSION%20OF%20INFORMATION%20DURING%20THE%202015%20GENERAL%20ELECTIONS%20IN%20NIGERIA.pdf.

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Information plays a vital role in every society. It has the potentials to create conflicts situations and peace, if properly and contextually understood and well managed. The ways and channels through which information flows have profound implications if not properly understood. The study sought to understand the role that social media played in the generation and diffusion of information during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria; to achieve this four research questions were raised: What types of information were generated and diffused on social media about the presidential candidates during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria? What types of information were shared on social media about the presidential candidates during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria? How did social media friends make sense of information shared with them about the presidential candidates during the 2015 Nigeria general elections? How do the two constructs of dual process theory (Informational and Normative factors) explain information generation and diffusion on social media during elections? The study which is a qualitative research was premised within the interpretive paradigm, with Deutsch and Gerrard’s Dual Process Theory used as a theoretical framework for the study. The case study approach was used to investigate the phenomena. Nine (9) respondents were purposively sampled for the research and a content analysis of their social media pages was conducted. Inductive approach was employed in analyzing the data realized from the content analyzed pages from the respondents, which yielded two hundred and sixty-two (262) open codes, from which eighteen (18) sub-categories, seven (7) categories, and three (3) major themes were derived. The findings of the study showed that there was a higher use of social media during the 2015 general elections as compared to previous elections and was used to post offensive information about the candidates. Also, the study revealed that most people shared or were most likely to share what they believed to be true which had propaganda and high misinformation. People and friends on social media made sense of information received at face value and in most cases were not as interested in the message posted but where the person making the post was from. The social media was extensively used to propagate hate and divisive sentiments during the 2015 electioneering period in Nigeria. The study concluded that as social media continues to gain immense traction in terms of use in society, steps need to be taken to reduce the unending possibilities for misinformation, propaganda, and rumours which if misconstrued could lead to conflict situations.

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Fernández-García, Jesús. « Diseño e implementación de un plan de social media marketing (o marketing 2.0) en la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Cádiz ». Thesis, 2011. http://eprints.rclis.org/16456/1/Fernandez-Garcia%20-%202011%20-%20Dise%C3%B1o%20e%20implementaci%C3%B3n%20de%20un%20plan%20de%20Social%20Media%20Marketing%20%28o%20Marketing%202.0%29%20en%20la%20Biblioteca%20de%20la%20Universidad%20de%20C%C3%A1diz.pdf.

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This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a social marketing plan that will enable the Library of the University of Cádiz enter with force to the tendency of Library 2.0, thereby improving utilization levels of services and resources as well as maintain a more fluid and direct communication with our customers so that we can build on that feedback to better understand their needs and improve our services and the perception of the university community about the library, putting it in value as an information center specialized in the fundamental university. So here are united by new services and library resources to the possibilities of new web 2.0 tools available on the Internet, so-called social web, to perform the necessary work of dissemination, communication and marketing of a university library.

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Fauat, Ana Matild. « Comunicação organizacional e padrões de comportamento informacional de gestores e analistas de risco de crédito em instituições financeiras governamentais ». Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/12283/1/disseerta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_amf.pdf.

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This study aimed to identify the relationship between information behaviour of managers and analysts in the credit risk sector and the organizational communication amongst them, within financial institutions from the federal government in Brazil, namely CAIXA Banco do Brasil S/A. Based on the work of Tubbs (2003), Wilson (1981) and Kunsch (2003), the conceptual model built up for the study suggests that variables of information behaviour of the subjects investigated should be taken into account in order to improve the communication process amongst them. Based on the authors studied, the study theoretical framework pointed the way to be followed in terms of methodological procedures. It has also been the base for the discussion of the research data. Qualitative and quantitative approached used, and the consequent triangulation of data through the use of questionnaires and interviews make possible to minimize some of the disadvantages of these research instruments. Driven by each specific objective, the study has allowed describing managers and analyst’s characteristics, the communication process amongst them, their information behaviour patterns and aspects of this behaviour that can be taken into account in the communication process within their organizations. Results show that managers and analysts of credit risks within federal governmental financial institutions in Brazil have higher education studies, mostly in Management, Account and Economics. They also have a good level of professional experience. In terms of the communication process, it should be highlighted that the internal communication is very intense and is essential for carrying out their professional activities. Quanto ao processo de comunicação, destaca-se que a comunicação interna é intensa entre os gestores e analistas de risco de crédito estudados, e essencial para realização das atividades de análise e avaliação de risco de crédito. Results obtained allowed identifying the major elements of the organizational communication process in the institutions studied. Regarding the information behaviour patterns, the study showed that the tasks performed by managers and analysts of credit risks have influence on their information needs, seeking and use. The study took account of the cognitive aspects of the information behaviour, only. The trial of finding a theoretical relationship between information behaviour as an input to communication has been an academic exercise within the context of the Post-Graduate Programme in Information Science at the University of Brasilia. From the results of the present study, it was possible to find out that knowing the information needs of colleagues and the way they seek and use information facilitates the communication with them. Therefore, information seeking and use patterns constitute an important factor for a good communication. It is therefore possible to state that, from the theoretical point of view, the present study added to previous ones that has focused this relationship. This, in turn, meets the approach of theorists like Belkin and Brookes, and positively adds to epistemological issues in Information Science. From the applied side, the study results shall be taking into account in both institutions studied. Its questionnaire has, in fact, been used as a model for services related to the communication process in one of them.

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Fernández, López Antonio Lázaro. « Análisis y diagnóstico de la difusión de la información y documentación estadística de las administraciones públicas en España ». Thesis, 2013. http://eprints.rclis.org/23468/1/Trabajo%20inv%20Antonio%20Fernandez%202.pdf.

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This work is inserted within the discipline of Information Sciences and Documentation, and more specifically in the field of analysis of official statistical information. The object of study is thus a subset of the information generated and disseminated by government, what is known in this field of knowledge as Public Sector Information.

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Klausner, Miriam. « Momentaufnahme und Entwicklungspotential von Open Access als alternative Publikationsstruktur an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Österreich ». Thesis, 2005. http://eprints.rclis.org/6548/1/Klausner_2005.pdf.

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In the field of scientific publishing, the model of open access can provide accelerated distribution of scientific information without access barriers. The open access movement can be seen as a new publishing system reaching back to the attempt to establish alternatives to the present publishing system. The aim of this thesis is to give an overview of initial open access projects in Austria regarding crucial issues as well as their developments. Case study interviews with open access project managers have been carried out. Furthermore, the collected data was enriched with additional project information and analysed in a further step. Consequently, the retrieved information was compared to each other. Regarding to open access developments worldwide this thesis results in a summary and comparison of open access projects in Austria. It provides recommendations for the introduction of open access and an outlook of further developments.

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Carlos, Lopezosa. « SEO, Periodismo y Comunicación : Conceptos, herramientas y procesos para optimizar la visibilidad web de los medios digitales ». Thesis, 2019. http://eprints.rclis.org/42097/1/tclg.pdf.

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News diffusion through search engines and other digital platforms offers to the media the opportunity to attain more readers. However, it is necessary to employ technics of the socalled Search Engine Optimization (SEO) in order to have a specific web page appeared on the prominent positions of the search results. This thesis mainly focuses on the SEO applied to cybermedia. Systematized reviews; case studies; participant observation; and semi-structured interviews were used to develop various analyses and formalize a set of methodological proposals and positioning protocols in cybermedia, that is for Google and YouTube, which are, respectively, the first and the second most frequently used search engines at the moment. In addition, this research includes, on the one hand, proposals to develop web visibility rankings in online media with SEO audit tools, and on the other hand, an analysis of the perception of the usefulness of SEO from the point of view of a specific cyber medium (Diario de Sevilla) and from the point of view of different professional profiles linked to SEO. Overall, this research presents a multifaceted edifice consisting of tools, analyses and recommendations on SEO applied to the media in general and to journalism in particular, on the assumption that SEO plays an essential role in helping the finest journalism to fulfil its social mission.

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Stefanek, Elisabeth. « Digital Divide : die Entwicklung eines Ablaufmodells zur Überwindung informationeller Ungleichheit ». Thesis, 2007. http://eprints.rclis.org/10669/1/AC06412792.pdf.

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In a global context, social disparities are also noticeable in respect to the inequality of access and use of the information and communication technology (ICT). Many initiatives and dedicated projects aiming to close the gap between the “information rich” in the industrialized countries and the “information poor” in the so-called third world countries are implemented. However, most of these projects and programs face enormous difficulties in implementations and are far from reaching their objectives, to improve people’s life through ICT. The aim of the thesis is to determine factors, which lead to positive results of ICT projects and develop accordingly to these criteria a manual for effective and successful transaction of such projects in developing countries. First, a review of current literature is undertaken in order to identify critical factors for success of such projects. In a second step the identified main criteria of common models are put together in order to analyse four meaningful case studies. Finally, a scheme for a systematic approach for projects of information and technology transfer is developed. The results confirm the importance of human and social resources for the success of such projects. Furthermore, for the effective use of ICT it is essential that there is a need assessment beforehand to identify and meet the needs of the target group. Finally, it was shown that financial independence is crucial to the sustainability of the projects.

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Stern, Monika. « Klöster als Wissensvermittler im Raum Tirol, die sich seit der Säkularisation durch Joseph II. in ihrer Rolle behaupten ». Thesis, 2005. http://eprints.rclis.org/6461/1/stern_kloester.pdf.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the role of monasteries as mediators of knowledge. The situation nowadays is compared with the time of the regency of Emperor Joseph II. Monasteries needed an area of specialisation in order to survive dissolution at the end of the 18th century. In this thesis, the transfer of those specific qualifications in the area of knowledge management into the 21st century is investigated. Issues concerning science, education, libraries and archives in the three most important male orders in the province of Northern Tyrol are addressed. The hypothesis that monasteries which managed not to be abolished during the regency of Emperor Joseph II still play a vital part in the area of knowledge management in Northern Tyrol is tested. A review of the literature on this topic is undertaken. Furthermore, discursive interviews are conducted with monks in order to investigate the current situation. In conclusion, it was found that monasteries nowadays are just one segment of a huge market in the sector of knowledge management. In order to be successful, they again have to diversify. On the basis of the research conducted, convents in the provinces of Eastern and Southern Tyrol could be analysed as well.

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Rümker, Zoltán. « Die Positionierung einer zweisprachigen Internetzeitung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Bedürfnisse der ungarischen Volksgruppe im Burgenland ». Thesis, 2002. http://eprints.rclis.org/6776/1/ruemker_internetzeitung.pdf.

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The aims of this dissertation were to analyse the media landscape concerning minorities in Burgenland and to find out how a new bilingual internet newspaper for the Hungarian speaking people of this region could be established. Firstly, the study investigates why such a newspaper is necessary and useful. This bilingual internet newspaper should further the image of the language as well as strengthen the identity of the Hungarian minority. Existing print and electronic media of the Croatian and Hungarian minority were analysed, and experiences with internet newspapers in the East-Austrian and West-Hungarian region are mentioned. Furthermore, subsidies from governmental institutes, furtherance from the European Union, Austrian and Hungarian press promotion possibilities and other private financiers are commented on. Lastly, a number of co-operation partners, such as the Burgenland education network are mentioned. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in order to collect ideas and to analyse opinions concerning the content of the internet newspaper. On one hand a survey was carried out, on the other hand a focus group discussion was organised. The majority of important sources dealing with the Hungarian minority in this linguistic island were available at the Hungarian Media- and Information Centre in Unterwart. Further research was done on Austrian and Hungarian internet newspaper sites. The main finding of the paper was the realisation that a bilingual internet newspaper for the Hungarian minority is definitely necessary. Proposals concerning the newspaper content and the layout have been made. In addition, a number of possible sources of funding and a list of potential cooperation partners are presented. In addition, the bilingual internet newspaper project is ready for kick-off.

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Thèses sur le sujet « Information dissemination and diffusion »

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