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Dr. V.S. Bindhu, Rincy Philip,. « EXPLORING THE MYTHICAL INNER LIFE OF A BROKEN METROPOLIS : A COMPARISON OF GYAN PRAKASH’S MUMBAI FABLES AND JEET THAYIL’S NARCOPOLIS ». Psychology and Education Journal 58, no 1 (1 février 2021) : 4476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1537.
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Jeet Thayil is a versatile figure in Indian Literature whose contributions to world literature includes many poems, novels and music. His song collection include Gemini (1992), Apocalypso (1997), English (2004), These Errors Are Correct (2008). He also edited many books, which includes Divided Time: India and the End of Diaspora, The Bloodaxe Book of Contemporary Indian Poets and 60 Indian Poets. He is famous for his first novel Narcopolis, which is set in Mumbai. This work is shortlisted for Man Booker Prize for fiction in 2012.Gyan Prakash is another important figure in modern historic India whose handouts lead India through a focus of wealth and secured life. He is also a professor of history and included as a member of subaltern studies. Prakash’s writings mainly focus on problems of post colonialism. His famous work is Mumbai Fables: A History of an Enchanted City. This paper tries to find out the history of Mumbai Metropolis with the comparison study of Jeet Thayil’s Narcopolis and Gyan Prakash’s Mumbai Fables. Both these works shows the hidden history of Mumbai with its both positive and negative structures.
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Ganguly, Sumit. « What if Pakistanis Strike India Again ? » Current History 109, no 726 (1 avril 2010) : 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2010.109.726.170.
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Yadav, Madhura. « Assessment of Urban Growth and Ecological Sustainability : Insights from Mumbai, India ». International Society for the Study of Vernacular Settlements 10, no 8 (10 août 2023) : 404–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.61275/isvsej-2023-10-08-27.
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This study quantifies the overall impact of urban growth on the ecology of Mumbai by using an Ecological Footprint analysis. Its aim is to help determine the natural resource consumption of existing urban settlements. The objective is to assess the environmental impact resulting from the existing urban layouts on Mumbai's region. The research employs a comparative analysis of footprint and land ratio for different urban layouts of Mumbai. There are different layouts in Mumbai, primarily by MHADA (Maharashtra Housing and 10 Development Authority) & private builders. Footprints and land ratio of these layouts are calculated as per the Development Control Rules of Mumbai. The results are referred to as footprint per capita and land ratio required for the layout. The land ratio is the ratio of land required for the building's total footprint to the actual built-up area of land on which the building is erected. The land ratio is directly proportional to the quantity and type of material used for building. The land ratio required in case of MHADA (Maharashtra Housing and Development authority) layout is almost double than layout by private builders as much more material quantities is required in case of MHADA layout due to more no buildings, and extra FSI utilized i.e., FSI of 2.50 as against 1.33 for private layout. Hence, layouts like private builders shall be preferred for Mumbai city to achieve the region's environmental sustainability.
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Zunjarwad, Renu. « Nostalgia, Co-creation, and Practice of Design ». Cultural Syndrome 2, no 1 (29 juillet 2020) : 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/cs.v2i1.243.
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The study proposes that the research design integrating co-creation, interviews, and visual analysis can effectively operationalize a difficult concept of gastronomic nostalgia surrounding ethnic food artifacts. I employed an example of Mumbai’s street foods to examine consumption, production, and distribution practices and compared the cities of Mumbai, India, and Phoenix, United States. Rigorous qualitative analysis of the data gathered from fourteen Indian immigrants in Phoenix suggested that consumption declined when street foods’ core identity shifted in Phoenix. I discovered that the differences in having street foods in sit-down settings or the lack of a public street food culture might never be bridged in Phoenix. However, specific production and distribution strategies rooted in nostalgic memories from Mumbai may boost consumption.
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Bhattacharjee, Sujayita, et Sanjukta Sattar. « Pandemic And Urban Sustainability : Analyzing The Covid-19 Scenario In Mumbai, India ». GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 14, no 1 (5 avril 2021) : 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-189.
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The present study analyses the case of urban sustainability in Mumbai in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and aims to identify the relationship between the existing sustainability issues and the spread of the pandemic across the administrative wards of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai. It also tries to delve into the reasons behind the observed relationships to establish the patterns created by the COVID-19 pandemic in Mumbai by the end of August 2020. The study relies on secondary sources of data, that include reports published by government agencies, news articles, journals and websites. The study comprises a large amount of quantitative data that were analyzed using ArcGIS 10.4.1 and SPSS 23. The qualitative data collected through an extensive literature review was used alongside the quantitative data to support the study. The findings reveal that the COVID-19 pandemic had a varied impact across the wards of Mumbai, which was found to be associated with the unequal socio-economic conditions that prevail across the city. This inequality has contributed to Mumbai’s reduced resilience, for building which the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have to be achieved.
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Ramkrishna Manatkar, Nikhil Satpute,. « ANALYZING THE OPERATIONAL AND LOGISTICS REQUIREMENTS BY EVALUATING THE MARKET POTENTIAL FOR E-LOGISTIC SUPPORT PROVIDER ». Psychology and Education Journal 57, no 9 (5 janvier 2021) : 6190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v57i9.2703.
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continuously 2020. The Indian government has made a declaration that it is working at the approach to build up the new logistics plan in India. The point is to build up the most prudent approach to transport products by 2035.
As we know logistics is a highly diverse gambit consisting many factors and variables, we decided to focus on Trucking segment of logistics in Mumbai region. Mumbai is a city in Maharashtra, India. To know more about the market and its potential we needed to know more about the transporters and manufacturing industries in Mumbai. As transporters in Mumbai can get us about the idea of logistical truck movements inside and outside Mumbai, and the manufacturing industries can suggest us about which type of trucks are required by them according to the raw materials they need or the final products they distribute. Apart from the logistic movement in and out of Mumbai, we also tried to capture the openness of transporter to sign up for e-logistic service provider and try to expand their business by adding a technological aspect to it.
Research contains detailed and verified information of 57 transporters and on all possible combination of types of trucks provided by transporter and their operational routes. Also, we have recognized total of 125 Manufacturing companies from various industries, having one or more plant in or around Mumbai. Also, we classified the 125 companies into 15 Industries These companies have some raw material movements into Mumbai and some finish goods movement from Mumbai to various parts of India.
By analyzing the collected data, we found out which type of truck have how much demand on which route. Also, we could figure out the willingness of transporter to work in collaboration with e-logistics company
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Heidarzadeh, Mohammad, Alexander Rabinovich, Satoshi Kusumoto et C. P. Rajendran. « Field surveys and numerical modelling of the 2004 December 26 Indian Ocean tsunami in the area of Mumbai, west coast of India ». Geophysical Journal International 222, no 3 (4 juin 2020) : 1952–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa277.
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ABSTRACT In the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean (Sumatra-Andaman) tsunami, numerous survey teams investigated its effects on various locations across the Indian Ocean. However, these efforts were focused only on sites that experienced major destruction and a high death toll. As a consequence, some Indian Ocean coastal megacities were not examined. Among the cities not surveyed was Mumbai, the principal west coast port and economical capital of India with a population of more than 12 million. Mumbai is at risk of tsunamis from two major subduction zones in the Indian Ocean: the Sumatra–Andaman subduction zone (SASZ) and the Makran subduction zone (MSZ). As a part of the present study, we conducted a field survey of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami effects in Mumbai, analysed the available tide gauge records and performed tsunami simulations. Our field survey in 2018 January found run-up heights of 1.6−3.3 m in the Mumbai area. According to our analysis of tide gauge data, tsunami trough-to-crest heights in Okha (550 km to the north of Mumbai) and in Mormugao (410 km to the south of Mumbai) were 46 cm and 108 cm, respectively. Simulations of a hypothetical MSZ Mw 9.0 earthquake and tsunami, together with the Mw 9.1 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake and tsunami, show that the tsunami heights generated in Mumbai by an MSZ tsunami would be significantly larger than those generated by the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman tsunami. This result indicates that future tsunami hazard mitigation for Mumbai needs to be based on a potential large MSZ earthquake rather than an SASZ earthquake.
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Baruah, Sanjib. « Warriors in Politics : Hindu Nationalism, Violence, and the Shiv Sena in India. By Sikata Banerjee. Boulder, CO : Westview Press, 2000. 207p. $62.00. » American Political Science Review 95, no 1 (mars 2001) : 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055401532013.
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These two books are about two powerful regional political forces in India-the Shiv Sena of Maharashtra (with a focus on the city of Mumbai) and the Dravidianist parties of Tamil Nadu. Many readers of this journal may know these places by their older names: Mumbai is Bombay, and the state of Tamil Nadu and its capital city were once known as Madras. Both books, not coincidentally, have much to say about the rise of Hindu nationalism in India, which is perhaps the most dramatic change in the Indian political landscape in recent years. That, indeed, is the central theme of Banerjee's book, which investigates the Hindu-Muslim riots in Mumbai in 1993. Banerjee argues that the politics of Hindu nationalism provides the context for the riots. In Mumbai, the major political force articulating a Hindu nationalist agenda is the Shiv Sena (literally, the warriors of Shivaji, a legendary Maharastrian Hindu hero).
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Mitra, Baishali. « Book review : Jaimin Vasa, Competitive Strategies for Indian SMEs, Lessons from China ». Journal of Entrepreneurship 29, no 2 (septembre 2020) : 448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971355720930580.
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Meyer, Max, Devendra Sharma et Dinesh Paradkar. « Rajiv Gandhi Sealink—Mumbai, India ». Structural Engineering International 21, no 1 (février 2011) : 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686611x12910257102677.
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Rossdiana, Renatha Ayu, et Titing Reza Fahrisa. « STRATEGI CYBERSECURITY PEMERINTAH INDIA DARI PERSPEKTIF KAUTILYA ». Indonesian Journal of International Relations 7, no 1 (11 mars 2023) : 140–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v7i1.408.
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Pada tahun 2020, India mengalami serangan siber di Mumbai yang berdampak pada berbagai sektor vital di Mumbai. Perang siber menjadi arena pertempuran baru yang semakin mengukuhkan kemampuan sebuah negara dalam penguasaan teknologi di satu sisi dan kapabilitas pertahanan negara dalam mengamankan negaranya di sisi lain. Di era globalisasi, kebutuhan terhadap cybersecurity semakin krusial terutama dalam kaitannya dengan keamanan nasional. Tulisan ini mengangkat rumusan masalah bagaimanakah strategi cybersecurity pemerintah India dalam perspektif Kautilya dengan mengambil contoh kasus serangan siber Mumbai tahun 2020. Dalam mengelaborasi tulisan ini, penulis menggunakan konsep strategi perang klasik Kautilya yang relevan diterapkan di era kontemporer dan di luar kondisi perang fisik. Kesimpulan tulisan ini yaitu Pemerintah India mengupayakan penguatan sumber daya siber, mengambil posisi defensif untuk menjaga hubungan baik dengan negara lain dan menerapkan diplomasi siber baik bilateral maupun multilateral sebagai strategi cybersecurity. Serangan siber Mumbai 2020 mempengaruhi keamanan nasional India dalam keamanan ekonomi, pertahanan negara dan hubungan luar negeri. Pertahanan siber yang lemah menyebabkan India menderita kerugian sosio ekonomi.
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Leghari, Farooque Ahmed, Hussain Abbas et Ashfaque Ali Banbhan. « Role of Diplomacy and Deterrence in Managing Pakistan-India Crisis : A Case Study of Post-Bombay Attacks Crisis ». Global Regional Review V, no III (30 septembre 2020) : 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(v-iii).23.
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The menace of terrorism gives another blow to Indo-Pak relations in 2008 when the terrorists hit Mumbai, one of the major economic hubs of India killing hundreds of people and creating panic for almost four days. India alleged Pakistan for its involvement in the attack. India claimed that Pakistan's territory was used against India. Pakistan rejected Indian allegation, condemned the terrorist attacks and stated that it has no involvement in the terrorist attacks. The major objective of this article is to look at the role of nuclear deterrence in averting war between India and Pakistan during 2008 postMumbai Attacks crisis. The qualitative methodology is used in this research. Semi structured interviews give a rich data to better understand the crisis. The article gives three findings. First, it indicates that militant group involved in Mumbai terrorist attack wanted the nuclear weapon states to fight a war. Second, it indicates that the diplomacy plays a vital role along with nuclear deterrence in averting crisis between India and Pakistan.
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Ahmed, Bijle Mohammed Nadeem, Monika Bhalla, Shahzad S. Mumkekar et KV Murali. « Awareness of Dental Surgeons in Pune and Mumbai, India, regarding Chemomechanical Caries Removal System ». Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no 1 (2013) : 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1278.
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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate awareness of dental surgeons in Pune and Mumbai, India regarding chemomechanical caries removal system (CMCR). Study design Sixty practicing dental surgeons from Mumbai (30) and Pune (30) were surveyed using questionnaire. Materials and methods Qualitative data was collected on the basis of structured schedule questionnaire method. Statistics Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v. 12.0. To test statistical significance, Chi-square test, Fishers exact test and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results Of total respondents, 46.7% dental surgeons in Pune and 13.3% in Mumbai were aware about CMCR products. Carisolv® was known to 57.1% of dental surgeons in Pune and 75% in Mumbai, whereas, Papacarie® was known to 28.6% of dentists in Pune and none in Mumbai among the respondents aware about CMCR products. Conclusion A significantly higher proportion of dental surgeons from Pune were aware about CMCR products compared to Mumbai. Dental surgeons from Mumbai were unaware about Papacarie®. Almost equal proportion of Dentists from Mumbai and Pune would like to undergo CDE programs to seek knowledge on CMCR, particularly Papacarie®. How to cite this article Bijle MNA, Patil S, Mumkekar SS, Arora N, Bhalla M, Murali KV. Awareness of Dental Surgeons in Pune and Mumbai, India, regarding Chemomechanical Caries Removal System. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):96-99.
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Shervani, Zameer, Deepali Bhardwaj, Sadia Hasan, Umair Yaqub Qazi, Manseej Purang, Aiman Ibbrahim, Venkata Phani Sai Reddy Vuyyuru et al. « Omicron Wave in India, Mumbai, and Delhi : Prevalence and Pathogenicity ». European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 4, no 3 (22 juin 2022) : 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2022.4.3.1376.
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The dynamics of the Omicron variant in India, Mumbai, and Delhi have been studied. The % share of the Omicron variant in overall India rose from 0.35% to 97.12% during the period November 29, 2021, to February 7, 2022. Due to the emergence of the Omicron variant, the daily new infections in India rose from a baseline tally of below 8,000 cases to the highest number of 347,063 cases recorded on January 20, 2022. In Mumbai, the Omicron variant completely replaced the Delta and other lineages as reported on March 3, 2022 genome sequencing report. In Mumbai because of the Omicron variant surge, the new infections rose to 20,971 on January 7, 2022, from a baseline tally of 191 daily cases recorded after receding the second Delta variant wave. In real-time, the vaccine effectiveness among the Indian population during the Omicron variant surge was studied and noticed that the two-dose regimen was 99.3% effective in preventing death. The death rate among the hospitalized patients was reduced by 12% among the vaccinated individuals compared to the unvaccinated ones. During the Omicron variant wave, the average age of the COVID-19 patients shifted by 11 years towards the younger age which was because the vaccination among the younger population was low compared to the elderly population.
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Shah, Ruchita, et Armeen Jasavala. « Roy & ; Co. Homeopathy, Mumbai, India ». Homœopathic Links 29, no 04 (21 décembre 2016) : 272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1594262.
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Adhikari, Omkar Dilip. « Waterbirds from the mudflats of Thane Creek, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India : a review of distribution records from India ». Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no 7 (26 mai 2019) : 13925–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4656.11.7.13925-13930.
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Thane creek is one of the coastal and marine protected sites located in Mumbai which declared as a sanctuary recently in 2015. Creek region provides diverse habitat to birds for feeding, nesting and resting, making it a potential bird watching sight for ornithologists and enthusiasts. This article presents some interesting observations of waterbird species recorded from mudflats of Thane creek near Bhandup Pumping Station, Mumbai and also reviewed their previous records from various states of India.
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Limaye, Dnyanesh, Gerhard Fortwengel, Vaidehi Limaye, Aishwarya Bhasi, Aditya Dhule, Rajesh Dugane, Asang Borkar, Ravi Shankar Pitani, Sushama Sathe et Atul Kapadi. « A study to assess knowledge and attitude towards HIV among students from Mumbai university ». International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no 6 (29 mai 2019) : 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192158.
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Background: India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. The Indian epidemic is characterized by low levels in the general population and elevated concentrations among high-risk groups. The present study was planned to determine the awareness of HIV among students from Mumbai University.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May–June 2017. Two hundred and fifty students were approached to participate in the study of which 199 agreed to participate (males: 132; females: 67). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.Results: Study participants had high knowledge (86%) and attitude score (87%). There was no significant difference between males and female participants for attitude and knowledge, except for one question regarding knowledge about HIV transmission via breastfeeding to child.Conclusions: Present study showed that there are no misconceptions or negative attitudes regarding HIV among students. A longitudinal study with a larger sample size across India is recommended for further investigation.
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Rotenberg, Sara, et Irfan Nooruddin. « Getting on Track : Accessibility Policy and the Design of the Mumbai Metro ». Journal of Public Space 7, no 2 (26 juin 2022) : 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v7i2.1482.
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In 1995, India passed the Persons with Disabilities Act to legislate the principles and requirements of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Persons with Disabilities. As part of this, the Government of India boldly committed to achieving universal design in its public transit systems. Despite legal provisions for ensuring accessibility of public transport and strong harmonized guidelines, Mumbai’s suburban rail network lacks adequate considerations for people with disabilities. From limited elevators and ramps to uneven surfaces and unmarked pathways, the suburban rail system is notoriously dangerous for people with disabilities, and a recent audit suggests that fewer than 40% of railway stations are compliant with accessibility standards. However, inaccessibility is not limited to decades-old transit systems: even the recently constructed Mumbai Monorail and Metro Line One enact only some, not all of the required accessibility standards. With its Metro currently under construction, Mumbai has the opportunity to prioritize universal design, which is a cost-effective, inclusive method, and avoid previous accessibility mistakes, which are exclusionary and inefficient. This paper reviews the current state of transport accessibility across Mumbai’s existing networks in the context of established best practices around the world to suggest ways to strengthen accessibility in constructing the new Metro. It argues that in order to achieve the government’s publicly stated commitment to universal accessibility in this next generation of rail, the Mumbai Metropolitan Regional Development Authority should host consultations with people with disabilities, use architects with universal design training, and implement the guidelines for barrier-free built spaces outlined by the Central Ministry of Urban Development. These steps must also be complemented by applying the same principles in concerted effort to tackle the issue of inaccessibility on Mumbai’s streets and existing rail lines to achieve universal accessibility and greater opportunities for people with disabilities.
Read the full article in accessible html-format here.
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Kumar, Rajeev R., Girish K. Jha*, Kapil Choudhary et Dwijesh C. Mishra. « Spatial integration and price transmission among major potato markets in India ». Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no 3 (22 juin 2020) : 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i3.101488.
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The present study examined the spatial market integration across four major potato markets, viz. Agra, Bengaluru, Delhi and Mumbai for the period January, 2005–March, 2018. Johansen’s multivariate co-integration approach has been applied to identify the possible market integration. The results of Johansen’s co-integration test for different markets revealed that all the six market pairs are co-integrated, demonstrating that the selected potato markets have long-run price linkage across them. To supplement the finding of Johansen’s co-integration analysis, we assessed the nature and extent of long run and short run causal relationship between the markets. The results of long run causality showed bidirectional causality for the market pairs: Agra ↔ Bengaluru, Agra ↔ Mumbai, Bengaluru ↔ Delhi and Bengaluru ↔ Mumbai, whereas for market pairs Agra→ Delhi and Mumbai→ Delhi have long-run unidirectional causality. To get the additional evidence as to whether and in which direction price transmission is occurring between the market pairs in short run, Wald test has been used.
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Adlina, Annisa. « India Counterterrorism : India and Pakistan's Lack of Cooperation in Fighting Lashar e-Taiba after Mumbai Attacks 2008 ». Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health 3, no 4 (30 avril 2024) : 837–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v3i4.302.
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Following the 2008 Mumbai Attacks, India refrained from engaging in counterterrorism cooperation with Pakistan, the origin country of Lashkar e-Taiba (LeT), marking a significant departure from previous approaches. This study investigates the factors influencing India's decision through the lens of the Prisoner's Dilemma Theory. By examining India's strategic calculations and contextualizing them within the security dilemma framework post-Mumbai terror, this research aims to elucidate the rationale behind India's non-cooperative stance. Results reveal a complex interplay of historical distrust, perceived security threats, and strategic considerations shaping India's decision-making, highlighting the implications for future counter-terrorism efforts and international relations strategies.
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S. Sivarama Hedgewar Athithan, Dr. R. Vasuhi. « A Portrayal Of Different Culture And Lifestyle : A Study On Amit Chaudhuri’s A Strange And Sublime Address ». Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no 3 (30 novembre 2023) : 4551–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i5.2578.
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This paper makes an attempt to analyse the different cultural lifestyle of Indian people in the modern era. India is known for its richness in culture. It is ethnically and religiously diverse nation. Culture and lifestyle of people differ from place to place. In this novel, author focuses on the lifestyle of metropolitan Mumbai city and conventional Kolkata town. This paper aims to bring out the cultural difference within India.
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Degener, Almuth. « The “Mumbai Riots” and the Play of Literary Strategies : A Reading of Rahman Abbas’s Rohzin ». NUML journal of critical inquiry 19, no 1 (29 juin 2021) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/numljci.v19i1.92.
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The present paper traces reflections of the 1992-3 Mumbai Riots in Rahman Abbas’s 2016 Indian Urdu novel Rohzin by using instruments of literary criticism. While this novel is overtly a story about the love of two young people, it is also a profoundly political novel bearing on a number of problems faced by the younger generation, especially young Muslims in India. Since politics and aesthetics are enmeshed in the plot, the parts of novel related to the Mumbai Riots show that both plot and literary strategies—focalization, time-frame, flashbacks and flash-forwards—employed by the author carry the political import of the text. Furthermore, the features of Magical Realism in the selected text also have both aesthetic and political impact. The article attempts to shows how literary strategies are employed in support of a multi- religious, politically riven, and secular India.
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Bhattacharya, Sumanta, Jayanta Ray, Shakti Sinha et Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev. « INDIA'S COAST REGION - THE EASIEST ROUTE FOR CONDUCTING ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES - AN UNDERSTANDING ». International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation 1, no 9 (30 novembre 2021) : 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53633/ijmasri.2021.1.9.012.
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Indian sea route are an easy target for smuggling and conducting of anti-national activities. Mumbai port which is the largest port in India has been a place for terrorism activities since a long time, the 26/attack which is regarded as the deadliest terrorist attack, India has ever experience, the terrorist had enter India through sea port , since 1960s the business of smuggling of gold , drugs and other luxury items is going on between Dubai to Mumbai to Gujarat . Smuggling of items like fuel, textile happening through different states. Illegal fishing is also very common, In fact after the lockdown, many states have brought in new rules and regulation in their fisheries culture /sector, even the government has introduced schemes and is investing a lot . There are many agencies and ministries at the local, state and center to coordinate among different committees and stakeholders and increase the manpower. The eastern and the western coast share their water border with several countries which support criminal activities in the region. Most of the illegal migrant enter India and leave India through these ports for instances cases of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. India needs to strengthen its coastal security across the country. Keywords: Coastal security, sea roots, smuggling, drug trafficking, fisheries sector, 26/11 attack
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RATHI, SARIKA. « Optimization model for integrated municipal solid waste management in Mumbai, India ». Environment and Development Economics 12, no 1 (29 janvier 2007) : 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x0600341x.
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Mumbai, the largest metropolitan city in India, generated 6,256 tons of waste per day in 2001. It is the responsibility of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) to provide Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management services; however, the MCGM is not able to handle the increasing quantity of waste. As a result, waste litters all over the place giving rise to health and environmental problems. Hence, there is a need to involve private sector and community participation in waste management. In this paper, a linear programming model is developed to integrate different options and stakeholders involved in MSW management in Mumbai. Various economic and environmental costs associated with MSW management are taken into consideration while developing the model.
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Nayak, Lulubala. « Economic and Soft Power Component of India’s City Diplomacy : With Special Reference to Mumbai and Kolkata ». Oasis, no 38 (29 juin 2023) : 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n38.07.
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Las ciudades costeras de la India han jugado un papel fundamental en las relaciones internacionales a través de la cultura, el comercio y la conectividad desde el pasado lejano. En los tiempos modernos, las ciudades costeras como Mumbai (antes Bombay) en la costa arábiga y Kolkata (antes Calcuta) en la bahía de Bengala han sido actores activos en los asuntos internacionales. Si bien Mumbai ha sido el centro del comercio internacional, Kolkata ha sido el punto de unión de la bonhomía cultural con Bangladesh y los países del sudeste asiático, que ganó más fuerza debido a los movimientos transfronterizos de tecnología, información, educación, comercio y finanzas, y herramientas artísticas reforzadas por la Nueva Política Económica que comenzó a principios de los años noventa. Los estados indios y las ciudades metropolitanas están mejorando su posición en los asuntos internacionales con ganancias tangibles. Mumbai se conoce como la capital financiera de la India y la sede de grandes casas comerciales y organizaciones financieras globales. Del mismo modo, Kolkata es conocida como la capital cultural de la India (Sri Aurobindo, Tagore, Shanti Niketan, arte y cultura popular bengalí, etc.) y un destino para turistas, artistas e investigadores extranjeros. Este artículo examina el crecimiento y el impacto de la diplomacia de las ciudades en la India a través del prisma del federalismo en la promoción de los intereses locales en la política internacional. Intenta evaluar el papel de las ciudades indias desde una perspectiva comparativa en la conducción de la diplomacia de la ciudad a partir de los aspectos económicos y culturales.
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Senapati, Sibananda, et Vijaya Gupta. « Climate Change, Urbanization and Livelihood Perspective of Indigenous Fishing Communities of Mumbai, India ». Present Environment and Sustainable Development 8, no 2 (1 octobre 2014) : 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pesd-2014-0029.
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Abstract This study is an attempt to derive the socio-economic implications of climate change and other environmental issues pertaining to fishing communities residing in and around Mumbai, India. A substantial number of populations in Mumbai city are the fishing communities, popularly known as ‘Koli’. They are the earliest inhabitants of the city. Coastal cities are most productive as well as most vulnerable to environmental changes. They support a number of economic activities which include fishing, agriculture, urbanization, real estate, tourism, transport, oil exploration etc. As a result, the anthropogenic pressure on coastal cities is increasing. Koli communities in Mumbai encounter diverse socio-economic and climatic pressures including sea level rise, floods, storms, etc. The implications of climate change on Koli communities as well as other environmental issues pertaining to fishing villages in Mumbai are discussed in detail in this study. Five fishing villages from Mumbai are selected for a primary study based on a structured questionnaire. Nearly 200 households are surveyed in a period over six months in 2011-12, finally 182 households information is considered for further analysis. On the basis of the findings, this study suggests that issue of lack of asset formation and financial insecurity among young fishermen may be taken care by linking the fisheries societies in Mumbai and in other regions with the support from local governments. The benefits of subsidies, insurance may be distributed progressively based on their financial needs to all fishermen rather than benefiting the large scale fishermen alone.
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Alford, Madeline. « Mumbai, India : The Metamorphosis of a City ». World Literature Today 86, no 3 (2012) : 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2012.0018.
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Desai, Padma. « The Bombay Urban Development Programme, Mumbai, India ». Third World Planning Review 23, no 2 (mai 2001) : 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/twpr.23.2.901g52p500660618.
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Madeline Alford. « Mumbai, India : The Metamorphosis of a City ». World Literature Today 86, no 3 (2012) : 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.86.3.0005.
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Chhaya, S. U. « HLA-B27 polymorphism in Mumbai, Western India ». Tissue Antigens 66, no 1 (juillet 2005) : 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00435.x.
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Kulkarni, Pramod, et Chandra Venkataraman. « Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mumbai, India ». Atmospheric Environment 34, no 17 (janvier 2000) : 2785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00312-x.
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Parikh, Aparna. « Contradictions of neoliberal urbanism in Mumbai, India ». Gender, Place & ; Culture 27, no 7 (9 septembre 2019) : 1063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2019.1654437.
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Bhagat, Dr S. R. « Management of E-waste and its Future Prospective Importance ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no 8 (31 août 2023) : 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55147.
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Abstract: Electronic waste, often known as E waste, refers to abandoned or unwanted electrical or electronic equipment or parts. Rapid obsolescence and penetration rates will cause crises in developing countries such as India. The majority of E-waste generated in India is generated in big cities such as Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai, and so on. Within Maharashtra, Mumbai, often known as the Oxford of the East and home to a variety of companies, particularly in the IT sector, ranks high on the list of cities in India that generate a lot of E garbage. The majority of E waste in Mumbai is disposed of in landfills or incinerated, whereas the formal industry is facing problems due to a lack of E waste-waste model rate is extremely increasing daily, particularly for a few key products as a result of changes in technology, fashion, and people's per capita earnings. In general, the Mumbai Municipal Corporation and various firms have committed to processing only a small fraction of the total E garbage generated. E garbage management is a critical task since e-waste poses a risk to people. Authorities pass an E waste control law, but without political will, it is not properly implemented. A few examples of e-waste are discarded computers, audio equipment, cell phones, electric lamps, fax machines, copiers, stereos, VCRs, televisions, batteries, and so on. This garbage contains non-biodegradable polymers that pose a serious threat to the environment.
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Amore, Alberto, et Hiran Roy. « Blending foodscapes and urban touristscapes : international tourism and city marketing in Indian cities ». International Journal of Tourism Cities 6, no 3 (21 mai 2020) : 639–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-09-2019-0162.
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Purpose Gateway cities such as Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata are central in the tourist experience to India, yet the official government authorities and destination marketing organizations tend to underestimate the potential of these destinations to prospective and returning international tourists. In particular, there is little empirical research on urban tourism, food tourism and city marketing in the aforementioned cities. This paper aims to explore the scope for the promotion of Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata as food urban destinations. Design/methodology/approach For the purposes of this study, a case study methodology using content analysis was developed to ascertain the nexus between food and tourism in the three observed cities. Materials were gathered for the year 2019, with a focus on brochures, tourist guides, websites and social media accounts for Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata. A two-coding approach through NVivo was designed to analyse and report the findings. Findings The findings of the study suggest that the cities of Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata fall short in positioning themselves as food urban destinations. Moreover, the study reports a dissonance between the imagery of Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata portrayed to international tourists through induced images and the food-related experiences available in the cities. This divide reflects a pattern in destination marketing in India observed in previous research. Research limitations/implications The exploratory nature of this study calls for more research in the trends and future directions of food tourism and urban marketing in Indian cities. Moreover, this study calls for further research on the perceptions of urban food experience in Indian cities among international and domestic tourists. Practical implications A series of practical implications can be drawn. First, urban and national destination marketing organizations need to join efforts in developing urban marketing campaigns that place food as a key element of the urban experience. Second, cities worldwide are rebranding themselves as food destinations and Indian cities should reconsider local and regional culinary traditions as mean to reposition themselves to food travellers’ similar niche segments. Social implications The quest for authenticity is central in the expectations of incoming tourists. Moreover, the richness and variety of local and regional food in the cities analysed in this study can enhance urban visitor experience, with obvious economic and socio-cultural benefits for the local businesses and residents. Originality/value This study is the first of its kind to provide preliminary evidence on the nexus between food and tourism in Indian cities. Building from the literature, it developed a conceptual framework for the analysis of food tourism and urban branding and shed light on a currently overlooked aspect of incoming tourism to India.
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Patwardhan, Amol. « Butterflies of Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India ». AMBIENT SCIENCE 1, no 1 (avril 2014) : 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ambi.2014.01.1.ra01.
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Gunasekar, Sangeetha, Rojalin Patri et Badri Narayanan. « International Tourist Arrival in India ». Foreign Trade Review 53, no 1 (17 septembre 2017) : 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732516681882.
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India experienced terror attack on its financial and entertainment capital Mumbai on 26 November 2008. There were 12 coordinated shooting and bombing attacks which lasted four days, killing 164 and injuring several hundred (Press Information Bureau, 2008, HM announces measured to enhance security, New Delhi: Ministry of Home Affairs, GOI.). The attack was largely targeted towards international tourists visiting Mumbai at the hotels like Oberoi Trident, The Taj Mahal Palace and Tower and Leopard Café. The objective of this article is to study the impact of the 26/11 terror attack on the arrival of international tourists in India. Very few studies in the literature have examined the impact of terrorist attacks on the tourism industry. (For more recent work see Arana & Leon, 2008, Annals of Tourism Research, 35, 299–315; Raza & Jawaid, 2013, Economic Modelling, 33, 65–70.) Our article tries to add evidence to this growing literature. Further in analyzing tourist demand, several researchers (see Song et al., 2012 for a review) have studied the relationship between tourism and economic growth. While studies have found unidirectional relationship between international tourism and economic growth (e.g., Balaguer & Cantavella-Jorda, 2002; Oh, 2005), there are others who find evidence supporting bidirectional relationship (e.g., Dritsakis, 2004; Kim & Chen, 2006, Tourism Management, 27, 925–933). In our study, we assume a bidirectional relationship between foreign tourists arriving in India and its economic condition. In the present study, we analyze the impact of 26/11 terror attack at Mumbai on the international tourist arrival in India. The analysis is done using the vector autoregression (VAR) model, where the foreign tourists arriving in India is a function of economic condition prevailing in the country, captured here by real gross domestic product of India and the terror attack dummy variable. Our results indicate that post 26/11 there has been a significant decline in the number of foreign tourists arriving in India. We further analyze the disaggregated airport level data, where similar significant negative impact were found for Mumbai and Delhi airports. JEL: L83, Z32, Z38
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Baldavári, Eszter. « Magyar építészek Dél-Ázsiában és közvetítőszerepük a magyar építészetben ». Modern Geográfia 17, no 2 (2022) : 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/mg.2022.17.02.09.
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The role of oriental art was significant in architecture at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. While the Art Nouveau movement in Western Europe was influenced by the Japanese and Persian art, Hungary made efforts to find the origin of the Hungarian architecture. This study presents the Asian trip of architect Károly Róbert Kertész, published in his work entitled Architecture of Ceylon. In the 1930’s architect István Medgyaszay was invited to India to design a museum in Mumbai. His archive, containing the plans, photographs and letters born during the trip, can be found in the Medgyaszay Memorial House. During the reconstruction of Medgyaszay’s Indian trip (2021) some mysterious watercolour plans were discovered among his designs. Additionally, as a result of the research in Mumbai (2020) this study introduces István Medgyaszay’s friendship with Perin Jamshedji Mistri, the first professional woman architect in India; and highlights the role of Jenő Cholnoky geographer in the work of both of the aforementioned architects.
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Pandya, Chinmay. « Editorial : Ashwamedh Yagya ». Dev Sanskriti Interdisciplinary International Journal 23 (3 mai 2024) : 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.36018/dsiij.23.343.
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Ashwamedha holds a very special place in the extensive history of Yagya in the Divine culture (Dev Sanskriti) of India. From Vedic times to the modern era, the performance of Yagya has been central to the journey of Indian civilization and culture. Among them, Ashwamedha Yagya is considered the king of Yagyas due to its purpose and vastness. Ashwamedha Yagyas are, in essence, spiritual experiments for the upliftment of mass consciousness, which is only possible when a united mass is involved in a specific ritual and lifestyle. A special edition is being released on the auspicious occasion of the Ashwamedha Yagya being performed in Mumbai, the economic capital of India, from February 21-25, 2024 CE. In the present modern era, All World Gayatri Pariwar has conducted 46 Ashwamedha Yagyas, and the Mumbai Ashwamedha Yagya will be the 47th. The special edition of the Dev Sanskriti Interdisciplinary International Journal introduces unique research pertaining to Ashwamedha Yagya.
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Shroff, Beheroze. « Sidis in Mumbai : Negotiating Identities between Mumbai and Gujarat ». African and Asian Studies 6, no 3 (2007) : 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920907x212259.
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AbstractIn this essay, I discuss issues of identity within the context of social and economic circumstances of the Sidi1 community in Mumbai. I argue that the Sidis who work as caretakers of shrines in Mumbai are accorded dignity and status from the community of devotees who are often from the Muslim, Hindu and Parsi Zoroastrian communities. Those Sidis who are dispersed in different parts of the city and who work as domestics in the homes of middle class Muslim or Hindu families, on the other hand, merge into the nameless toiling masses of the city of Mumbai. Most of these Sidis work in low-income jobs and live in one or two room shanty dwellings. Part of my enquiry also raises the question of home and belonging for the Sidi community. Where do Sidis locate home and how do they construct belonging in India? Finally, I conclude my essay by examining a very different Sidi presence in Mumbai, that of the descendants of the royal family of the Sidis of Janjira (an island off the coast of Mumbai) who live in the upper middle class area of Mumbai. I discuss how the descendants of the Sidis of Janjira construct identity in terms of class and privilege.
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Rana, A., L. Bengtsson, J. Olsson et V. Jothiprakash. « Development of IDF-curves for tropical india by random cascade modeling ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no 4 (11 avril 2013) : 4709–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-4709-2013.
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Abstract. Efficient design of urban drainage systems is based on statistical analysis of past rainfall events at fine time scales. However, fine time scale rainfall data are usually lacking in many parts of the world. A possible way forward is to develop methods to derive fine time scale rain intensities from daily observations. This paper applied cascade-based disaggregation modeling for generation of fine time scale rainfall data for Mumbai, India from daily rainfall data. These data were disaggregated to 10-min values. The model was used to disaggregate daily data for the period 1951–2004 and develop intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships. This disaggregation technique is commonly used assuming scale-invariance using constant parameters. For the Mumbai rains it was found better to use parameters dependent on time scale and rain volume. Very good agreement between modeled and observed disaggregation series was found for the time scales larger than 1/2 h for the 1/2-yr period when short term data were available. Although the parameters were allowed to change with time scale, the rain intensities of duration shorter than 1/2 h were overestimated. When IDF-curves had been established, they showed that the current design standard for Mumbai city, 25 mm h−1, has a return period of less than one year. Thus, annual recurring flooding problems in Mumbai appear evident.
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Paradkar, Prasad N., Pallavi R. Sahasrabudhe, Mrunal Ghag Sawant, Sandeepan Mukherjee et Kim R. Blasdell. « Towards Integrated Management of Dengue in Mumbai ». Viruses 13, no 12 (4 décembre 2021) : 2436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13122436.
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With increasing urbanisation, the dengue disease burden is on the rise in India, especially in large cities such as Mumbai. Current dengue surveillance in Mumbai includes municipal corporation carrying out specific activities to reduce mosquito breeding sites and the use of insecticides to suppress the adult mosquito populations. Clinical cases remain either underreported or misreported due to the restriction to government clinics, missing the large private health care sector. There is a need for an integrated approach to manage dengue outbreaks in Mumbai. There are various novel strategies available for use that can be utilised to improve disease detection, mosquito surveillance, and control of mosquito-borne diseases. These novel technologies are discussed in this manuscript. Given the complex ecosystem of mosquito-borne diseases in Mumbai, integrating data obtained from these technologies would support the ongoing mosquito control measures in Mumbai.
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Khot, Mayura, A. K. Jaiswar et Peter K. L. Ng. « The taxonomy of two species of Xenophthalmidae from Maharashtra, India, and the generic placement of Xenophthalmus garthii Sankarankutty, 1969 (Decapoda, Brachyura) ». Crustaceana 92, no 11-12 (5 décembre 2019) : 1337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003947.
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Abstract Two species of xenophthalmid crabs are recorded from the state of Maharashtra in northwestern India. Xenophthalmus garthii Sankarankutty, 1969, originally described from northern Kerala in India, is rediscovered, and the species proves to be a member of Anomalifrons Rathbun, 1931, a genus not previously known from the Indian Ocean. The taxonomy of this species is discussed and compared with its only congener, A. lightana Rathbun, 1931, from Southeast and East Asia. Xenophthalmus wolffii Takeda & Miyake, 1970, is recorded for first time from the coast of Mumbai; the species is otherwise known from various parts of the Indian Ocean.
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Quan, Yijun. « Flood Risk Management in Mumbai, India : Insufficient Resilience to Flood and the Approaches to Improve It ». International Journal of Education and Humanities 12, no 1 (15 janvier 2024) : 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/5n527j37.
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To be resilient to flood is critical for cities in the world to reach the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 11. This article sets Mumbai as object, summarizing the problems, reasons and solutions to improve flood risk management in Mumbai, especially in slum areas.
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Venkata Nagaiah, G., et D. Ravinder. « Multilingual Sources and Services : A Study of Sahitya Akademi Libraries in India ». Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services 7, no 2 (5 novembre 2017) : 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ijiss.2017.7.2.474.
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Sahitya Akademi is the National Academy of Letters in India meant to promote the cause of Indian literature through publications, translations, seminars, workshops, cultural exchange programmes and literary meets. It maintains a unique multilingual library in New Delhi, Bengaluru, Kolkata, and Mumbai having books in over 24 languages. This paper focuses primarily on the multilingual resources of Indian literature, shows how changes in technology are impacting such libraries. Subsequently, this paper describes the various services offered for multi-lingual system.
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Mohanty, Shyama, Madhusmita Swain, Raghu Nadimpalli, K. K. Osuri, U. C. Mohanty, Pratiman Patel et Dev Niyogi. « Meteorological Conditions of Extreme Heavy Rains over Coastal City Mumbai ». Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 62, no 2 (février 2023) : 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0223.1.
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Abstract The city of Mumbai, India, frequently receives extreme rainfall (>204.5 mm day−1) during the summer monsoonal period (June–September), causing flash floods and other hazards. An assessment of the meteorological conditions that lead to these rain events is carried out for 15 previous cases from 1980 to 2020. The moisture source for such rain events over Mumbai is generally an offshore trough, a midtropospheric cyclone, or a Bay of Bengal depression. The analysis shows that almost all of the extreme rain events are associated with at least two of these conditions co-occurring. The presence of a narrow zone of high sea surface temperature approximately along the latitude of Mumbai over the Arabian Sea can favor mesoscale convergence and is observed at least 3 days before the event. Anomalous wind remotely supplying copious moisture from the Bay of Bengal adds to the intensity of the rain event. The presence of midtropospheric circulation and offshore trough, along with the orographic lifting of the moisture, give a unique meteorological setup to bring about highly localized catastrophic extreme rainfall events over Mumbai. The approach adopted in this study can be utilized for other such locales to develop location-specific guidance that can aid the local forecasting and emergency response communities. Further, it also provides promise for using data-driven/machine learning–based pattern analysis for developing warning triggers. Significance Statement We have identified the meteorological conditions that lead to extreme heavy rains over Mumbai, India. They are that 1) at least two of these rain-bearing systems, offshore trough, midtropospheric circulation, and Bay of Bengal depression moving north-northwestward are concurrently present, 2) an anomalous high SST gradient is present along the same latitude as Mumbai, and 3) the Western Ghats orography favors the rainfall extreme to be highly localized over Mumbai.
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Tumbe, Chinmay, et Shashank Krishnakumar. « From bazaar to Big Bazaar ». Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 10, no 3 (20 août 2018) : 312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-12-2017-0078.
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Purpose This paper aims to understand the factors affecting the evolution of retailing in India since the mid-nineteenth century. Design/methodology/approach This paper compares the trajectories of four distinct retail stores in India – Spencer’s pan-Indian retailing empire since 1863, Akbarallys’ department store chain in Mumbai since 1897, Apna Bazar’s consumer cooperative chain in Mumbai since 1948 and the Future Group’s pan-Indian retailing chain since the 1980s. Historical sources include firm biographies and newspaper archives. Findings This paper proposes a systems theory linking environmental influences and service innovation, to explain the evolution of retailing in India since the mid-nineteenth century. The key environmental influence on retailing has been state patronage – colonialism and high-end department stores until the 1940s, socialism and cooperative stores until the 1980s and liberalisation with restricted foreign direct investment in retailing until 2015 associated with indigenous corporate large retail format stores. Service innovation in terms of home delivery and recreation of the bazaar atmosphere due to norms on gender and community have also interacted to shape individual success in modern retailing and the dominance of small shop retailing over the long run. Research limitations/implications This paper questions standard accounts of retailing history in India that began with the late-twentieth century by showing the scale of a pan-Indian retailing chain in the early-twentieth century. It also provides an account of retailers that is missing in the current literature on the history of consumption in India. Practical implications Findings of this study will be useful to marketing professionals and teachers who wish to learn more about the history of retailing in India. It also shows how retailers navigated changes in the regulatory and business environment. Originality/value Through a comparative study, this paper outlines the environmental influences on retail formats and service innovation strategies that are required to serve the Indian market. It also brings to fore the significance of retailing chains in colonial India.
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Shah, Sanchi, Shimoni Shah, Sheela Rangan, Sonukumar Rai, Eunice Lobo, Swaran Kamble, Yatin Dholakia et Nerges Mistry. « Effect of public-private interface agency in Patna and Mumbai, India : Does it alter durations and delays in care seeking for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis ? » Gates Open Research 4 (9 avril 2020) : 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13113.1.
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Background: Public–private interface agency (PPIA) intervention models in Patna (E. India) and Mumbai (W. India) for pulmonary drug-sensitive (DS) tuberculosis (TB) patients were evaluated over 2 years after maturity to examine effect on reduction of patient pathways and retention. The models engaged private providers, diagnostic facilities and pharmacies into an effective network providing free diagnostic tests and treatment. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was undertaken to assess effectiveness of the PPIA model in care pathways of 64 (Patna) and 86 (Mumbai) patients through in-depth interviews conducted within 6 months of initiation treatments to identify types and facilities accessed, duration to diagnosis and treatment. Median durations based on facilities accessed were statistically analysed. Comparisons were made with baseline values and endline pathways of patients accessing PPIA engaged/non-engaged facilities in private and public sectors. Results: Compared to non-engaged facilities, persons accessing engaged facilities at first point-of-care had shorter pathways (Mumbai: 32 vs 43 days), (Patna: 15 vs 40 days). Duration for first care-seeking was considerably shorter for patients accessing PPIA in Patna and for both engaged and non-engaged private facilities in Mumbai (4 days). Whilst PPIA engaged facilities diagnosed more cases than others, the RNTCP in Mumbai provided diagnosis early. There was good retention of patients by PPIA-engaged (1st) facilities (90% post-diagnosis in Patna) but this was affected by the hub-spoke referral system in Mumbai (13%). Second diagnosis is a common feature in Mumbai. The spoke-hub model in Mumbai contributed considerably to treatment delay; PPIA-engaged providers were better at retaining patients post treatment initiation 11/25 (44%). Conclusion: PPIA-engaged facilities, accessed at onset, result in marked reduction in pathway durations. Such initiatives should engage a critical mass of competent providers, proximal investigation facilities with enhanced disease awareness and literacy efforts amongst communities. Patient movement should be minimized for early treatment and retention.
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Mohanty, Biswajit, Valentina Costantino, Jai Narain, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Arpita Das et C. Raina MacIntyre. « Modelling the impact of a smallpox attack in India and influence of disease control measures ». BMJ Open 10, no 12 (décembre 2020) : e038480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038480.
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ObjectivesTo estimate the impact of a smallpox attack in Mumbai, India, examine the impact of case isolation and ring vaccination for epidemic containment and test the health system capacity under different scenarios with available interventions.SettingThe research is based on Mumbai, India population.InterventionsWe tested 50%, 70%, 90% of case isolation and contacts traced and vaccinated (ring vaccination) in the susceptible, exposed, infected, recovered model and varied the start of intervention between 20, 30 and 40 days after the initial attack.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe estimated and incorporated in the model the effect of past vaccination protection, age-specific immunosuppression and contact rates and Mumbai population age structure in modelling disease morbidity and transmission.ResultsThe estimated duration of an outbreak ranged from 127 days to 8 years under different scenarios, and the number of vaccine doses needed for ring vaccination ranged from 16 813 to 8 722 400 in the best-case and worst-case scenarios, respectively. In the worst-case scenario, the available hospital beds in Mumbai would be exceeded. The impact of a smallpox epidemic may be severe in Mumbai, especially compared with high-income settings, but can be reduced with early diagnosis and rapid response, high rates of case finding and isolation and ring vaccination.ConclusionsThis study tells us that if smallpox re-emergence occurs, it may have significant health and economic impact, the extent of which will depend on the availability and delivery of interventions such as a vaccine or antiviral agent, and the capacity of case isolation and treatment. Further research on health systems requirements and capacity across the diverse states and territories of India could improve the preparedness and management strategies in the event of re-emergent smallpox or other serious emerging infections.
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AROKIASAMY, P. MICHAEL, et DR M. MARY JAYANTHI. « Neo-Colonialism in India as Represented in Aravind Adiga’s The Last Man in Tower ». Think India 22, no 3 (19 septembre 2019) : 836–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8402.
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The term ‘neo-colonialism’ generally represents the indirect involvement of the developed countries in the developing world. Post-colonial studies show in detail that in spite of attaining independence, the influence of colonialism and its representatives are still very present in the lives of most former colonies in different forms. These influences constitute the subject matter of neo-colonialism. Aravind Adiga’s Last Man in Tower abounds with incidences that represent neo-colonialism in India. The novel portrays how Mumbai, one of the metropolitan cities and an important commercial centre has developed a place of multiple opportunities. To have a decent house in a commercial city like Mumbai therefore remains only a dream for the middle class people. The residents of Tower-A are ordinary middle class people of Mumbai who try to live their both ends in the globalised India. The novel spins around two opposing forces: the retired school teacher Masterji, trying to fight for his rights and Dharmen Shah, the greedy real estate developer. This paper therefore is an attempt to identify the elements of neo-colonialism in India as represented in Aravind Adiga’s Last Man in Tower.
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Arinaminpathy, Nimalan, Arindam Nandi, Shibu Vijayan, Nita Jha, Sreenivas A. Nair, Sameer Kumta, Puneet Dewan et al. « Engaging with the private healthcare sector for the control of tuberculosis in India : cost and cost-effectiveness ». BMJ Global Health 6, no 10 (octobre 2021) : e006114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006114.
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BackgroundThe control of tuberculosis (TB) in India is complicated by the presence of a large, disorganised private sector where most patients first seek care. Following pilots in Mumbai and Patna (two major cities in India), an initiative known as the ‘Public–Private Interface Agency’ (PPIA) is now being expanded across the country. We aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of scaling up PPIA operations, in line with India’s National Strategic Plan for TB control.MethodsFocusing on Mumbai and Patna, we collected cost data from implementing organisations in both cities and combined this data with models of TB transmission dynamics. Estimating the cost per disability adjusted life years (DALY) averted between 2014 (the start of PPIA scale-up) and 2025, we assessed cost-effectiveness using two willingness-to-pay approaches: a WHO-CHOICE threshold based on per-capita economic productivity, and a more stringent threshold incorporating opportunity costs in the health system.FindingsA PPIA scaled up to ultimately reach 50% of privately treated TB patients in Mumbai and Patna would cost, respectively, US$228 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 159 to 320) per DALY averted and US$564 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 409 to 775) per DALY averted. In Mumbai, the PPIA would be cost-effective relative to all thresholds considered. In Patna, if focusing on adherence support, rather than on improved diagnosis, the PPIA would be cost-effective relative to all thresholds considered. These differences between sites arise from variations in the burden of drug resistance: among the services of a PPIA, improved diagnosis (including rapid tests with genotypic drug sensitivity testing) has greatest value in settings such as Mumbai, with a high burden of drug-resistant TB.ConclusionsTo accelerate decline in TB incidence, it is critical first to engage effectively with the private sector in India. Mechanisms such as the PPIA offer cost-effective ways of doing so, particularly when tailored to local settings.