Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Indeterminismo scientifico »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Indeterminismo scientifico"
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Pilgrim, David. « Some reflections on vitalism and indeterminism ». History & ; Philosophy of Psychology 17, no 1 (2016) : 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpshpp.2016.17.1.5.
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This paper considers a series of unresolved matters from scientific debates in the 19th century about vitalism and indeterminism. Beginning with everyday experiences of being alive, which at times invoke agency in relation to both the human and the non-human world, alongside the cognitive bias of blaming others and excusing ourselves, the paper moves into an overview of those earlier debates, in a period when psychology was emerging as a discipline separated from philosophy. One common account is that vitalism was put into the dustbin of history by a form of scientific rationalism (which was avowedly reductionist about causes and completely deterministic in its logic). However, the paper considers the various ways in which vitalism and indeterminism have remained important in the academy, across the disciplines. A critical realist position is offered at the end in order to draw out implications of this lack of resolution of older debates for contemporary psychology.
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Rojas, Raul. « Chaos als neues naturwissenschafliches Paradigma ». PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 22, no 88 (1 septembre 1992) : 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v22i88.1060.
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Tue author describes the theory of chaos as a scientific revolution which reaches beyond the microphysical indeterminism of Quantum Mechanics by abolishing determinism also on the macroscopical level. With a simple non-linear system the notions bifurcation, strange attractor, universality of chaos, self-organization and criticality are explained and illustrated through examples.
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Lewandowska, Boguslawa. « Evolution and Scientific Theories of Changeability ». Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 22, no 1 (2010) : 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2010221/25.
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Evolutionary processes are conditioned both by unique phenomena and probabilistic ones. Given probabilistic factors, one may speak of changeability of evolution. This essay attempts to model evolutionary processes by modeling changeability in the natural sciences. Yet a framework of determinism and indeterminism appears inadequate to apprehend evolutionary processes. Autodeterminism is a more promising framework for addressing the causal, functional, and probabilistic dimension of evolution. Such an approach ensures the possibility of perceiving and presenting the complexity of evolution. The essay proposes that the synthetic theory of evolution conjoins factors of evolution, determinism, and changeability. The question still remains whether one can say that real being, which exists in the stream of time, is the subject of philosophy. This puzzle may be resdved by showing that besides the scientific cognition of nature, there is another possible cognition--the philosophical cognition. This is reflected in a significant group of problems of philosophical cosmology which are not addressed by the natural sciences due to their research methods.
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Perillán, José G. « Quantum Narratives and the Power of Rhetorical Omission ». Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 48, no 1 (1 février 2018) : 24–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2018.48.1.24.
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John S. Bell openly questioned the dominance of an orthodox quantum interpretation that had seemingly raised the principle of indeterminism from an epistemological question to an ontological truth in the late 1920s. He understood the inevitability of indeterminism to be a theoretical choice made by the founding architects of quantum theory, not a fundamental principle of reality necessitated by experimental facts. As a result, Bell decried the general lull in quantum interpretation debates within the physics community, and in particular, the complete omission of Louis de Broglie’s deterministic pilot wave interpretation from all theoretical and pedagogical discourses. This paper reexamines the pilot wave’s rise, abandonment, and subsequent omission in the history of quantum theory. What emerges is not a straightforward story of victimization and hegemonic marginalization. Instead, it is a story that grapples with tensions between the polyphony of individual voices and a physics community’s evolving identity and consensus in response to particular sociopolitical and scientific contexts. At the heart of these tensions sits an international scientific community transitioning from a politically fractured and intellectually divergent community to one embracing a somewhat forced pragmatic convergence around rationally reconstructed narratives and concepts like the impossibility of determinism. The story of the pilot wave’s omission gives us a window into the inherent power that theoretical choice and a congealing rhetoric of orthodoxy have on a scientific community’s consensus, pedagogical canons, and the future development of science itself.
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Swiatczak, Bartlomiej. « Indeterminism in the Immune System : The Case of Somatic Hypermutation ». PARADIGMI, no 1 (avril 2011) : 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/para2011-001004.
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One of the fundamental questions of life sciences is one of whether there are genuinely random biological processes. An affirmative or negative answer to this question may have important methodological consequences. It appears that a number of biological processes are explicitly classified as random. One of them is the so-called somatic hypermutation. However, closer analysis of somatic hypermutation reveals that it is not a genuinely random process. Somatic hypermutation is called random because the exact outcome of this process is difficult to predict in practice. The case of somatic hypermutation suggests that there may be no scientific evidence of a single case of ontologically random process in the biological world.
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Michael Mueller, Thomas. « The Boussinesq Debate : Reversibility, Instability, and Free Will ». Science in Context 28, no 4 (11 novembre 2015) : 613–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889715000290.
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ArgumentIn 1877, a young mathematician named Joseph Boussinesq presented amémoireto theAcadémiedes sciences which demonstrated that some differential equations may have more than one solution. Boussinesq linked this fact to indeterminism and to a possible solution to the free will versus determinism debate. Boussinesq's main interest was to reconcile his philosophical and religious views with science by showing that matter and motion do not suffice to explain all there is in the world. His argument received mixed criticism that addressed both his philosophical views and the scientific content of his work, pointing to the physical “realisticness” of multiple solutions. While Boussinesq proved to be able to face the philosophical criticism, the scientific objections became a serious problem, thus slowly moving the focus of the debate from the philosophical plane to the scientific one. This change of perspective implied a wide discussion on topics such as instability, the sensitivity to initial conditions, and the conservation of energy. The Boussinesq debate is an example of a philosophically motivated debate that transforms into a scientific one, an example of the influence of philosophy on the development of science.
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Rojek, Krzysztof. « The twilight of determinism and categorical openness of determination in the context of expounding the issue of freedom ». Kultura i Wartości 31 (30 août 2021) : 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/kw.2021.31.43-61.
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While the classical form of determinism seems to be in regress as the thesis of physical indeterminism has now been justified, the deterministic model of scientific description of phenomena has not been devalued in science methodologies. However, the present disciplinary forms of determinisms do not represent an unambiguous, uniform, universal, absolute and directly determining pattern, appropriately typical for the classical concept of determinism. In the context of deliberations on the issue of freedom, that fact prompts thinking on the scope of contemporary deterministic elucidations as well as queries whether contemporary compatibilist explanations are still valid with regard to incoherent determinisms. Examining the category of determination will help, among others, to assess the adequacy of Nicolai Hartmann’s philosophy against the background of the on-going dispute over freedom. The thesis of determinative pluralism, rooted in the ontology of the real being, points to the axiological context as indispensable for explaining the problem of freedom, as it is going beyond its often narrowed framework.
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GALUKHIN, Andrey, Elena MALAKHOVA et Irina PONIZOVKINA. « Methodological Paradigm of Non-Classical Science ». WISDOM 21, no 1 (28 mars 2022) : 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v21i1.593.
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Scientific theories and methods developed within the framework of quantum and relativistic physics are the most representative paradigmatic instantiations of non-classical science. The profile of non-classical science is exposed through the analysis of a set of epistemic ideals and methodological principles. The adoption of the principle of operational relativity of phenomenal descriptions showed that a reference to the means of observation had become an intrinsic part of scientific description strategies. The transformation of the concept of objectivity can be seen in a specific combination of operationalism with interactional phenomenalism and constructivism. The introduction of the principle of complementarity marked the deviation from the standards of a monologic and linear description of the objects under study. This principle provides the operational basis for the integration of different parts of our knowledge with regard to non-trivial cognitive situations featured by the indeterminacy relations. Another prominent methodological trend is the reconsideration of the value of strict deterministic explanation strategies in favour of probabilistically oriented approaches. Scientists have encountered a new class of regularities that are typically analysed in terms of various types of statistical and non-causal determination. Nevertheless, it would be wrong to assume that any probabilistic account of natural phenomena implies indeterminism.
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Bueno, Roberto. « Ciencia, ideología e investigación social : comentarios sobre un artículo de Chavarría (2011)/Science, ideology and social research : Comments on an article by Chavarria (2011) ». Actualidades en Psicología 28, no 116 (15 juin 2014) : 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ap.v28i116.14893.
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Desde la visión de lo que Brown (2001) denomina “Ortodoxia Científica” se analizan críticamente tres argumentos establecidos por Chavarría (2011) en su presentación del paradigma de la complejidad: 1. Los avances de la ciencia moderna han demostrado que la objetividad científica es imposible y que la realidad está sujeta a formas irreductibles de incertidumbre e indeterminismo; 2. La validez del conocimiento científico no depende de (o sólo de) criterios cognoscitivos, sino esencialmente sociales y políticos y 3. La Ortodoxia Científica propugna una concepción metodológica de la ciencia y las limitaciones e insuficiencias en la práctica de muchos investigadores (por ejemplo, la pobreza teórica) es un rasgo inherente de las investigaciones cuantitativas y objetivas. A partir de dicho análisis, se concluye que la formación en investigación social no puede sustentarse en una visión relativista de la realidad y del conocimiento y en la confusión entre ciencia e ideología. AbstractFrom the view of what Brown (2001) calls “Scientific Orthodoxy” three arguments stated by Chavarría (2001) in her introducing of the complexity paradigm are critically analyzed: 1. The modern scientific advances have demonstrated that objectivity in science is impossible and reality is uncertain and indeterminate; 2. The validity of scientific knowledge does not depend (or does not only depend) on cognitive criteria but essentially on social and political criteria, and 3. Scientific orthodoxy supports a methodological view of science, and the shortcomings and insufficiencies in the practice of many researchers (for example, lack of theory) are inherent features of quantitative and objective research. Therefore, it is concluded that education and training in social research cannot be based on a relativist view of reality and knowledge and on the confusing of science and ideology.
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Fischer, Thomas. « A cybernetic perspective on determinability and design research ». Kybernetes 46, no 9 (2 octobre 2017) : 1588–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-10-2016-0269.
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Purpose The scientific criterion of determinability (predictability) can be framed in realist or in constructivist terms. This can pose a challenge to design researchers who operate between scientific research (which favors a realist view of determinism/indeterminism) and design practice (which favors a constructivist view of determinability/indeterminability). This paper aims to develop a framework to navigate this challenge. Design/methodology/approach A critical approach to “scientific” design research is developed by examining the notion of (in)determinism, with particular attention to the observer-based projection of systemic boundaries, and the constructivist understanding of how such boundaries are constituted. This is illustrated using automata theory. A decision-making framework is then developed based on a diagram known as the epistemological triangle. Findings The navigation between determinism as a property of the observed, and determinability as a property of the observer follows the navigation between realist and constructivist perspectives, and thus has a bearing on the navigation of the kinds of design research distinguished by Frayling, and their implied primary evaluation criteria. Research limitations/implications The presented argument advocates a constructivist view, which, however, is not meant to imply a rejection of, but rather, an additional degree of freedom extending the realist view. Originality/value This discussion contributes to the establishment of observational determinability as observer-dependent. The proposed framework connects the navigation between deterministic observables and determining observers to the navigation between the design criteria form, meaning and utility. This may be of value within and beyond design research.
Thèses sur le sujet "Indeterminismo scientifico"
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Valdemarca, Gioia. « Ai margini del centro. Osservazioni sull'idea di indeterminatezza ne La coscienza di Zeno di Italo Svevo e l'uomo senza qualità di Robert Musil ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3526.
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2008/2009Tutto inizia nel caos, e tutto termina nel caos: Robert Musil e Italo Svevo lo dimostrano nei loro romanzi principali, "L'uomo senza qualità" e "La coscienza di Zeno". Entrambi gli autori sono specchi di di un'epoca, l'inizio del Novecento, in cui il senso di sicurezza ha ceduto il posto all'indeterminatezza e all'incertezza (come ad esempio nella fisica, nella biologia e nella psicologia) a causa della caduta dell'impostazione deterministica nella scienza. A partire da questa crisi epocale, che ha cambiato radicalmente ogni visione del mondo, Svevo e Musil hanno dato vita a due personaggi alla ricerca di un proprio centro, simbolo della perduta determinazione: questo centro però si dimostrerà vuoto - senza causa, senza scopo, senza senso.
Alles beginnt mit dem Chaos, und alles endet im Chaos: Robert Musil und Italo Svevo zeigen es in ihren bekanntesten Romanen, „Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften“ und „Zenos Gewissen“. Beide Autoren können als Beispiele einer Epoche dienen, in der das Sicherheitsgefühl der Moderne seinen Platz der Unbestimmtheit und Unsicherheit (u.a. in der Physik, Biologie, Psychologie) abtrat, wegen des Überschreitens des deterministischen Ansatzes zugunsten einer freieren, aber auch unheimlicheren Weltanschauung. Ausgehend von dieser tiefen Epochenkrise, haben die zwei Schriftsteller in ihren Romanen Figuren gezeichnet, die sich auf der Suche nach einem geheimnisvollen Mittelpunkt begeben, der die verlorene Bestimmung darstellen sollte: dieser Mittelpunkt erweist sich aber als leer – ohne Ursache, ohne Ziel, und sinnlos.
XXII Ciclo
1981
Livres sur le sujet "Indeterminismo scientifico"
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Allori, Valia. Statistical Mechanics and Scientific Explanation : Determinism, Indeterminism and Laws of Nature. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2020.
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Raimund, Popper Karl. Open Universe : An Argument for Indeterminism from the Postscript to the Logic of Scientific Discovery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.
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Raimund, Popper Karl. Open Universe : An Argument for Indeterminism from the Postscript to the Logic of Scientific Discovery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Raimund, Popper Karl. THE OPEN UNIVERSE : AN ARGUMENT FOR INDETERMINISM - FROM "POSTSCRIPT TO THE LOGIC OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY". HARPERCOLLINS PUBLISHERS LTD, 1988.
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Raimund, Popper Karl. Open Universe : An Argument for Indeterminism from the Postscript to the Logic of Scientific Discovery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Indeterminismo scientifico"
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Kopf, Simon Maria. « The Reason for the Deadlock ». Dans Reframing Providence, 67—C3.F1. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192874986.003.0004.
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Abstract It has become a common view in the contemporary theological debate to assume that God needs room to act in the world. Chapter 3 argues that this purported need for metaphysical space arises primarily from theo-physical incompatibilism, or the view that special divine action (SDA) in an objective sense is incompatible with causal determinism. First, this chapter introduces the notion of theo-physical incompatibilism, which, it argues, is firstly an import from the philosophy of action and secondly a corollary of an action-based, or ‘actionistic’, approach to providence: just as human (libertarian) free action presupposes causal indeterminism, so, too, divine action in the world is assumed to presuppose causal indeterminism. Next, the chapter shows that theo-physical incompatibilism is not only a core assumption of the NIODA programme examined in Chapter 2 but also among the main reasons for the current deadlock in divine action theories. The chapter then argues that this approach is tantamount to a new, ontologically rendered God-of-the-gaps strategy that should be avoided for theological, philosophical, and scientific reasons. Finally, the chapter indicates that dropping this presupposition, which is compatible with other forms of incompatibilism, such as libertarianism, may open up new avenues of research.