Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Immunità dalla giurisdizione »

La thèse proposée est une analyse des effets que l'exigence d'une protection effective des droits de l'Homme peut produire sur les règles du droit international coutumier concernant les moyens pour faire valoir la responsabilité de l'Etat. Suite à la violation des droits fondamentaux, la solution plus accessible aux individus est la saisie des tribunaux internes pour obtenir des dommages-intérêts de la part d'Etat étranger. Ces recours sont refusés en application de la règle de l'immunité juridictionnelle. Nous analysons les théories qui proposent une exception à la règle de l'immunité applicable en cas de violation des droits fondamentaux. Nous soulignons les raisons pour lesquelles ces théories ne sont pas convaincantes. Dans la deuxième partie, nous remarquons, que la solution juridictionnelle de ces questions qui relèvent des rapports diplomatiques peut être inopportune. Nous cherchons une solution alternative, susceptible de concilier l'exigence d'une protection des droits de l'Homme avec le maintien de l'immunité juridictionnelle, nous proposons une adaptation de la protection diplomatique aux exigences contemporaines
We propose an analysis about the effects that the necessity of an effective protection of human right can produce on the international customary law concerning State accountability and responsability. In case of violations of fundamental rights, the easiest solution for the individual is to hold internal courts in order to obtain financial compensations from the foreign State. These recours are refused in application of the State immunity rules. We analyse theories which propose an exception to the immunity rule in case of fundamental human rights violations. We underline the reasons why these theories are not convincing. In the second part, we note that the jurisdictional solution of these questions, which are usually relevant for diplomatic relations, can be inopportune. We look for an alternative solution which could make a conciliation between human rights and jurisdictionnal immunity of foreign State, we propose an adaptation of diplomatic protection to actual exigencies

La presente ricerca effettua un'analisi sistematica dei presupposti e dell’ambito applicativo della immunità funzionale dell'individuo-organo dello Stato dalla giurisdizione straniera, in grado di chiarirne i limiti e profili fondanti attraverso lo studio dei due concetti chiave dell’istituto, quello di “organo dello Stato” e di “atto posto in essere nell’esercizio della funzione ufficiale”. *** The research carries out a systematic analysis of the rationale and scope of application of functional immunity of State officials from foreign jurisdiction by studying the two key concepts of "State organ" and "official capacity".

La presente ricerca effettua un'analisi sistematica del regime giuridico di diritto internazionale concernente l'immunità dalla giurisdizione cognitiva delle organizzazioni internazionali alla luce degli sviluppi più recenti della prassi, chiarendone i tratti caratteristici e i limiti attraverso lo studio del concetto ambivalente di "attività necessaria all'esercizio delle funzioni" dell'organizzazione e del rapporto fra tale immunità e il diritto di accesso al giudice *** This research carries out a systematic analysis of the legal basis, rationale and scope of application of the jurisdictional immunity of International organizations by studying the ambivalent concept of "activities necessary to the performance of an organization's functions" and the interaction between functional immunity and the right of accesso to a court