Articles de revues sur le sujet « Immaterial dynamics »
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Wahid, Arif Rahman, Kristanti Dewi Paramita et Yandi Andri Yatmo. « Inscriptions : Narrating the Spatial Dynamics of the Immaterial Interior ». Interiority 4, no 1 (29 janvier 2021) : 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v4i1.87.
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This paper explores inscription as a projection of the spatial dynamics of a setting, beyond a historical or cultural symbol in a context, and highlights that inscription—a written or carved message on a surface—is an element that immaterially demonstrates a more in-depth narrative of an interior. This paper focuses on exploring inscriptions embedded in various production settings in Jakarta and Central Java, collecting individual and observational accounts on the production of such inscriptions and their meanings. The study suggests that inscriptions demonstrate various roles, from providing information, mediating different spaces and performing as tools to assist activities. Inscriptions may traverse the trajectories of different spaces and exist in different layers of time, creating an interior connection across space and time. These layers and trajectories project the dynamics of material and bodily processes, assembling the immaterial interior.
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Zhongxuan, Lin. « Paradoxical Empowerment and Exploitation : Virtual Ethnography on Internet Immaterial Labour in Macao ». Journal of Creative Communications 13, no 1 (27 décembre 2017) : 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258617743618.
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Recently, the research topic of immaterial labour had become one of the most significant discussions about the changing nature of capitalism. But the previous studies mainly regard immaterial labour as a unidirectional process of capitalist exploitation in abstract sense, rather than a paradoxical dynamics of exploitation and empowerment in specific context. This article, therefore, investigates immaterial labour in digital capitalism, with a specific case study of the local practices of Internet immaterial labour in Macao, exploring the paradoxical dynamics of exploitation and empowerment through concrete case studies, rather than through abstractive and reductive theoretical discussion. This study has found that the alternative media created by Internet users’ immaterial labour helps them to resist the traditional mainstream media and the government; the affective community founded based on their immaterial labour gives them the collective sentiment of ‘family and belonging’; the individual feelings derived during their immaterial labour not only offer them positive personal feelings, but also a new way of ‘being-in-the-world’ in the age of social media.
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BELLUOMO, PAOLA, CRISTOFORO CAMERANO, LUIGI FORTUNA et MATTIA FRASCA. « FROM KINETIC ART TO IMMATERIAL ART THROUGH CHAOTIC SYNCHRONIZATION ». International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, no 10 (octobre 2010) : 3379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410027787.
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In this paper, the idea of using simple robots and nonlinear dynamics based devices is strengthened in order to create an interactive platform to generate artistic patterns incorporating the concept of relating kinematic art with immaterial art paradigm.
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Saputri*, Atha Difa, et Angel Maris Linda. « Government Policies in Addressing Land Subsidence Dynamics in Tambakrejo Semarang ». Riwayat : Educational Journal of History and Humanities 6, no 1 (14 janvier 2023) : 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jr.v6i1.29460.
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Annual land subsidence in Tambakrejo Semarang has decreased by 10 to 13 centimeters. However, the government has not adopted any meaningful policies. This article aims to investigate how many government policy measures have been implemented to address land subsidence in Tambakrejo, Semarang. This article is thus written using an empirical judicial method in which the researchers do direct field observations, interview informants, and collect data from numerous journals. The results acquired and the impact on the Tambakrejo community of material and immaterial losses caused by subsidence. The government's policies have been implemented, however they have been less effective for the people of Tambakrejo.
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Silva, Rossi Allan, José Aldo Alves Pereira et Schirley Fátima Nogueira da Silva Cavalcante Alves. « As paisagens de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais : decodificação no espaço e no tempo ». Ornamental Horticulture 25, no 1 (9 janvier 2019) : 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v25i1.1240.
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Landscapes are formed by physical elements of material order and abstract elements of immaterial order, so their management and planning should consider these two aspects. Aiming to understand the landscapes of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais State, the appropriation by the actors who work in the landscape was identified and classified, and also its dynamics from 1973 to 2015. The research analyzed the current landscape and its historical evolution, distinguishing material and immaterial dimensions, from field trips, soil types, relief, slope, drainage, conservation units, administrative zoning, urban areas, natural resources, transport and building infrastructure, satellite images, and semi-structured interviews. As a result, a map with the landscape units and their subunits, which have distinct characteristics, with their proper settings was obtained. The landscape has continuous boundaries with various operating scales, posing a major challenge for its proper management. The number of generated ecosystem services are difficult to measure, but its benefits are used by everyone. The dynamics of the landscape has been shaped by a slow evolution, set by mining activities, including revegetation areas after clear cuts and currently the inclusion of tourism in certain regions.
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Zhongxuan, Lin. « Learning to Labour 2.0 ». Asiascape : Digital Asia 3, no 3 (26 septembre 2016) : 167–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340057.
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Based on three years of participant observation on Macau’s main online forums and 163 fieldwork interviews, this paper proposes some possible answers to the question of how internet users in Macau have become immaterial and affective labourers. More specifically: how internet users are seemingly voluntarily but fundamentally compulsorily involved and articulated into the production process, which individualizes the exploitation of informational capitalism; how affect has become a force of self-valorization that can reward the labour itself by embodying feeling in the form of and for the purpose of expressing and sharing feeling; and how relation has become an unintentional intentionality that emerges from a bidirectional process of production. The inquiry into these concrete questions focuses on the complex dynamics of the transforming process through which internet users become immaterial and affective labour, rather than taking the concept for granted as a consequence and necessary fait accompli.
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Kristiansen, Kristian, et Paulina Suchowska-Ducke. « Connected Histories : the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100bc ». Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 81 (26 novembre 2015) : 361–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2015.17.
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The Bronze Age was the first epoch in which societies became irreversibly linked in their co-dependence on ores and metallurgical skills that were unevenly distributed in geographical space. Access to these critical resources was secured not only via long-distance physical trade routes, making use of landscape features such as river networks, as well as built roads, but also by creating immaterial social networks, consisting of interpersonal relations and diplomatic alliances, established and maintained through the exchange of extraordinary objects (gifts). In this article, we reason about Bronze Age communication networks and apply the results of use-wear analysis to create robust indicators of the rise and fall of political and commercial networks. In conclusion, we discuss some of the historical forces behind the phenomena and processes observable in the archaeological record of the Bronze Age in Europe and beyond.
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Fallas Fallas, Luis Fernando. « Shifting from Identity to Marketing : Central American Cinema as a Brand for Sales, not a Place in the Making ». Revista Canadiense de Estudios Hispánicos 44, no 1 (23 mai 2021) : 227–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/rceh.v44i1.5910.
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Analysing Central American Cinema from an Actor-Network Theory perspective reveals the pre-eminence of transnational dynamics. The region becomes a brand for filmmaking, a resource to increase the possibilities of global displayability. Such instrumentalization is a reminder that movies are cultural objects that combine technical, political, and economic factors. Films do not belong to a place: they perform exchanges as immaterial commodities, extracting value through the image and the gaze. Instead of assigning or reading local identity roles in a cinema category, I propose to analyze how the classification reproduces a colonial perspective, reifying a place for the sake of the image.
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Coelho, Pedro Andrade. « The dynamics of the landscape and its role in development ». Research, Society and Development 11, no 6 (1 mai 2022) : e38111629332. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.29332.
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At each moment and in each society, the landscape is transmuted, whether by physical, sensorial or immaterial elements, and there is no such thing as a static landscape. Exactly for this reason the phenomenological hermeneutic method was the one used for the present study. In his transcendent complexity, man adds a metaphysical feeling of cultural identity to the places where he interferes, manifesting in the landscape his history and customs. As a sign of quality of life, the landscape can be investigated to identify whether there is access to fundamental rights for a population. It is part of a legal rule in various legal systems, including as a human right; should also be seen as a fundamental right of the third generation, as well as a sign of the environmental quality of a given population. Also, being able to infer, from its analysis and inventory, if there is access, also, to other fundamental rights. Finally, studying the landscape dynamics is essential to understand Society and it plays a fundamental role to development.
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Oikkonen, Venla. « Temporality and Belonging as Transdisciplinary Objects : Strategic Encounters between Queer Theory and Population Genetic Technologies ». Catalyst : Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 3, no 1 (19 octobre 2017) : 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28968/cftt.v3i1.28785.
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This article asks how to study evasive and seemingly immaterial transdisciplinary phenomena such as affective dynamics that organize our technoscientific societies and cultures. The article argues that understanding such phenomena requires developing methodologies that engage fields of knowledge production that appear unrelated. The article uses the dynamics of temporality and belonging underlying population genetics as a case study. I show how two seemingly incompatible fields of knowledge production – queer theorization of temporality and population genetic technologies and practices – can together engender new insights on the ways in which temporality and belonging organize population genetic knowledge. I argue that neither field of knowledge production could achieve such insight alone; instead, insight emerges from the unexpected resonances as well as friction between the two fields. I develop this argument through an analysis of the configurations of temporality and belonging on the Genographic Project website.
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Holmes, JC. « Population regulation : a dynamic complex of interactions ». Wildlife Research 22, no 1 (1995) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9950011.
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Looking for a single, consistent cause for population regulation is not only wishful thinking, but also hinders our efforts to understand population dynamics. Population regulation is not only multifactorial, but interactions among those factors are important; single-factor experiments can miss important interactions. In addition, the ecological context constantly changes, so that regulatory processes track a moving target; experiments can have different results if the context differs. I focus on interactions among nutrition, predation and parasites. Parasitic disease can be an important regulatory factor on its own, but indirect effects through interactions with energy budgets or predation are likely to be more important. Disease may act as a precipitating mortality factor when energy (and especially protein) budgets are low; under such circumstances, disease may be important, but which disease may be immaterial. The complex interactions involved in regulation can be understood only by using all of the tools available: field observations, field and laboratory experimentation and dynamic modelling.
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Hoedemaekers, Casper. « Creative work and affect : Social, political and fantasmatic dynamics in the labour of musicians ». Human Relations 71, no 10 (7 décembre 2017) : 1348–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726717741355.
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How can we understand contradictory identifications within work to which one is passionately attached? This article explores how seemingly competing accounts of the self at work can not only appear side by side within the self-presentation of creative workers, but also how dominant patterns within the daily socio-economic realities of creative work are reproduced through faux-contestations of them. Following Glynos and Howarth, I will argue that such transgressive notions often recall earlier historical arrangements that have been displaced by current dominant social grammars, or were vital components of the institution of current social hegemony. In a study of musicians, I analyse how alongside dominant logics of employability and virtuosity, traditional notions of artists’ craft and autonomy drive counter-identifications that allow dominant social logics to fill the gaps in the indeterminacy and ambiguity of everyday lived experience. By applying an understanding of discursive logics to creative work, this article seeks to contribute to literatures spanning work in the cultural industries, identification, affect and transgression at work, and commons and immaterial labour.
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Tan, Meng Yoe. « Authenticity in Online Religion ». International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation 8, no 1 (janvier 2016) : 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijantti.2016010104.
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In this article, the subject of online religion and how it can be researched is discussed. The dynamics of religious experience, authority, communication and more is subject of much discussion both in academia and religious discourses primarily because of the seemingly immaterial realm that is cyberspace. This article examines unique aspects of the nature of online religion and pays particular attention to the fluidity of online/offline relations and the subject of “authenticity” in the realm of online religion. Following from that is the discussion of how actor-network theory (ANT), first developed by Bruno Latour, can be deployed as a useful methodological approach to researching online religion, and to navigate potentially deterministic and oppositional discourses of online/offline relations.
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Kaputu, Felix Ulombe, et Fidèle Mwepu. « Continuity, Discontinuity, Invention, Reinvention of African Aesthetics or Cultural Memory and Change ». Aletria : Revista de Estudos de Literatura 30, no 3 (8 octobre 2020) : 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2317-2096.2020.25105.
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The question of aesthetics, memory, and changes in Africa are raised from several perspectives. A few European scholars alleged Africa did not have a past and could not produce aesthetics, material or immaterial resources to share with the world, for its past was empty, and a-historical. Unfortunately, these scholars’ arguments influenced history, justified colonization, slavery, and their multidimensional violence. This paper gives a quick survey of these moments and underlines false accusations against Africa. The question of aesthetics, memory, and changes in Africa are raised from several perspectives. A few European scholars alleged Africa did not have a past and could not produce aesthetics, material or immaterial resources to share with the world, for its past was empty, and a-historical. Unfortunately, these scholars’ arguments influenced history, justified colonization, slavery, and their multidimensional violence. This paper gives a quick survey of these moments and underlines false accusations against Africa. Contributions from scholars from the South such as Mudimbe, Mbembe, Bhabha, and Appadurai attested spectacular results combining findings from archaeologists, historians, art historians, anthropologists, linguists, culturalists, musicologists, and philosophers in interdisciplinary studies. Africa has always been a vibrant cultural continent that colonization and slavery defiled. Borrowing Apter’s question about “what should be done” concerning all findings on African aesthetics and history, the text invites scholars to push ahead in their quest of communications, comparisons, originalities drawn from the distant African past, adapted to local, global, Diaspora’s dynamics, and glocal perspectives. It is time to stop accusations and complaints on the past for turning to documented global visibility.
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Romão, João. « Variety, Smart Specialization and Tourism Competitiveness ». Sustainability 12, no 14 (17 juillet 2020) : 5765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145765.
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This work analyzes how regional tourism dynamics (demand, supply and specialization) and innovation performance may influence tourism competitiveness. The novelty and originality of the analysis is the inclusion of aspects related to the sectorial priority options defined within smart specialization strategies in European regions as potential explanatory factors. By using a panel data model and focusing on regions where tourism is one of the priority sectors for Regional Innovation Strategies (RIS3, 2014–2020), the results reveal positive impacts of tourism demand, supply and specialization on the value added produced by tourism activities. Moreover, immaterial aspects related to the qualification of the regional labor force and innovation dynamics (investment in research in development) also exert a positive impact on tourism competitiveness. The novel results obtained regarding the impacts of smart specialization strategies show a high potential of the tourism sector to benefit from geographical, cultural and institutional forms of proximity. The results also suggest that knowledge externalities arising from interactions with both related or unrelated sectors—by exploiting interactions and connectivity with sectors with both low and high cognitive distances—may emerge.
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Muliadi, Muliadi, Ruslan Ruslan, Riyan Maulana et Anton Widyanto. « THE PURITY CONCEPT OF AL-FALIMBĀNI AND ITS CORRELATION WITH THE ISLAMIC MALAY SOCIETY : THE CONTENT ANALYSIS ON SAYR AL-SĀLIKĪN ILĀ IBĀDATI RABB AL-ĀLAMĪN’S SCRIPT ». Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura 22, no 1 (25 février 2022) : 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jiif.v22i1.12326.
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Al-Falimbān's thoughts in the ancient text of Sayr al-Sālikīn Ilā 'Ibādati Rabb al-Ālamn have influenced the dynamics of Malay Islamic society. One of the discussions in the text is the study of sanctification [ṭahārah]. This article examines the concept of al-Falimbānī ahārah in the Sayr al-Sālikīn text and its correlation with the observance of the Islamic Malay community in the 18th century. This journal has been carried out using a philological method with a content analysis approach. The results showed that the concept of the sanctity of Al-Falimbān, which is believed to be the standard of holiness that a Malay Muslim mukallaf should practice, is physical and spiritual purity. Physical purity is defined as removing all kinds of sensory and sensory impurity, while spiritual purity is defined as the ability to remove sensual and immaterial impurities.
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Ferretti, Maddalena, et Sara Favargiotti. « COMMONS IN MARGINAL LANDSCAPES. Collective practices for an alternative narrative and use of common spatial resources in peripheral landscapes ». Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture 19, no 2 (27 janvier 2022) : 176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rv-11412.
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This contribution aims to describe commons practices in marginal landscapes from the perspective of the design disciplines – landscape and urban design and architecture – as special collective forms of transfer of tangible and intangible values. Case studies in the Alps and Apennine context support the analysis. Specifically the paper investigates the role of commons to explore how these practices in urban and rural areas can be different for their relational capacity and strength, but are also complementary in enabling forms of inclusive habitat. Commons in marginal landscapes are examined through the lens of landscape design and space transformation to detect structural challenges and dynamics but also to propose an alternative narrative. These places need the innovative potential of commons to steer a necessary upgrade in the management and use of material and immaterial resources.
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Woodcock, Jamie, et Mark R. Johnson. « The Affective Labor and Performance of Live Streaming on Twitch.tv ». Television & ; New Media 20, no 8 (29 mai 2019) : 813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476419851077.
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This article explores affective and immaterial labor on the leading live-streaming platform, Twitch.tv, which boasts over one hundred million regular viewers and two million regular broadcasters. This labor involves digitally mediated outward countenance, including being friendly to viewers, soliciting donations, building parasocial intimacy with spectators, and engaging audiences through humor. We offer an examination of streamers broadcasting as a “character,” which we situate within the context of play becoming work, the labor of performance and acting, and the economic compulsions that shape cultural labor on Twitch. We draw on hundred interviews with professional and aspiring-professional game broadcasters conducted in 2016 and 2017 at gaming events across the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and Poland, alongside ethnographic research. This inquiry into the dynamics of digital games and labor underscores the importance of studying live streaming as part of a wider critical investigation of contemporary digital work.
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Dias, Maico Eduardo Dias, et Edilson Luis de Oliveira. « Spatial circuits of tilapicultura production in the northern and western Paraná regional contexts, Brazil ». Terr Plural 16 (2022) : 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/terraplural.v.16.2217547.016.
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The spatial concentration of productive activities and the consequent formation of regions characterized by a given productive specialization are topics of permanent interest for economic geography. In the current historical period, marked by globalization, the processes of concentration and productive specialization are characterized by relations between local and regional conditions and global dynamics. Considering the relevance of Brazil’s participation in the global production of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and, in the Brazilian context, the importance of this activity in the state of Paraná, this article analyzes the particularities of the spatial circuits of production (production-distribution-exchange-consumption) and cooperation circles that define two main regional contexts in the territory of Parana, the west and the north, in which this productive activity is concentrated. The results obtained demonstrate that the spatial conditions enable different manifestations of tilapia culture in the regional contexts analyzed, resulting in different technical modalities, and different material and immaterial flows, even though both produce the same commodity, tilapia.
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Efendi, Bahtiyar. « THE CONSTRUCTION OF TERRORISM PREVENTION IN LEGAL POLITICS ». Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 8, no 3 (26 décembre 2021) : 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v8i3.18768.
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Terrorism is a criminal act or extraordinary crime that is of concern to the world today, especially in Indonesia. Terrorism that has occurred in Indonesia recently has ideological, historical and political linkages and is part of the dynamics of the strategic environment at the global and regional levels. the approach method uses normative juridical, the results of the study state that the legal politics of eradicating criminal acts of terrorism in Indonesia is a proactive policy and anticipatory step that is based on prudence and is long-term in nature. The use of Act No. 15 of 2003 to regulate the eradication of criminal acts of terrorism is based on the consideration that the occurrence of terrorism in various places has caused material and immaterial losses and caused insecurity for the community. It can be stated that the government's policy to tackle criminal acts of terrorism is by taking legal steps, so that unwanted things can be anticipated.
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Gerten, Dieter, Martin Schönfeld et Bernhard Schauberger. « On deeper human dimensions in Earth system analysis and modelling ». Earth System Dynamics 9, no 2 (14 juin 2018) : 849–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-849-2018.
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Abstract. While humanity is altering planet Earth at unprecedented magnitude and speed, representation of the cultural driving factors and their dynamics in models of the Earth system is limited. In this review and perspectives paper, we argue that more or less distinct environmental value sets can be assigned to religion – a deeply embedded feature of human cultures, here defined as collectively shared belief in something sacred. This assertion renders religious theories, practices and actors suitable for studying cultural facets of anthropogenic Earth system change, especially regarding deeper, non-materialistic motivations that ask about humans' self-understanding in the Anthropocene epoch. We sketch a modelling landscape and outline some research primers, encompassing the following elements: (i) extensions of existing Earth system models by quantitative relationships between religious practices and biophysical processes, building on databases that allow for (mathematical) formalisation of such knowledge; (ii) design of new model types that specifically represent religious morals, actors and activities as part of co-evolutionary human–environment dynamics; and (iii) identification of research questions of humanitarian relevance that are underrepresented in purely economic–technocratic modelling and scenario paradigms. While this analysis is by necessity heuristic and semi-cohesive, we hope that it will act as a stimulus for further interdisciplinary and systematic research on the immaterial dimension of humanity's imprint on the Earth system, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
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Niziołek, Katarzyna. « ASSEMBLAGE OF MEMORY : ON THE STRUCTURE, PROCESS AND CREATIVITY IN COLLECTIVE MEMORY ». Creativity Studies 14, no 1 (23 juin 2021) : 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2021.12290.
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The article is aimed at presenting and discussing the theoretical concept of assemblage of memory inspired by and grounded in the creative work done in connection with social research within the framework of participatory theatre. Based on three projects of this kind that I have collaborated on over the last couple of years, all taking memory as their theme, The Method of National Constellations (2014–2016), Prayer: A Common Theatre (2016–2017), and Bieżenki (2018), the concept draws both on artistic, and sociological thinking. An assemblage of memory could be roughly described as a product of creativity, which is constructed using “found” materials, such as stories, images, emotions, behaviours, objects, people even, to compose a new meaningful entity. This is congruent with what became to be known as the assemblage theory, started by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, who suggested that social phenomena, such as collective memory, one could add, should be viewed as dynamic and heterogeneous arrangements of a variety of elements, material and immaterial, natural and artificial, human and non-human, that are dependent on the connections between them rather than their intrinsic qualities. Thus, an assemblage of memory cannot be accessed through text-oriented methodologies that still seem to predominate the humanities (with its focus on the witness and testimony), but requires innovative, creative procedures, which, as exemplified by the above mentioned theatrical projects, are capable of revealing its structure and dynamics.
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Jarrett, Kylie. « The Alternative to Post-Hegemony : Reproduction and Austerity’s Social Factory ». Culture Unbound 6, no 1 (20 février 2014) : 137–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.146137.
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In the transitions to advanced liberal States and post-Fordist economic paradigms, it is argued that the distinction between work and sociality has become blurred. This marks the emergence of the “social factory” where sociality is industrialised and industrialisation has become increasingly centred on immaterial, social activity. It is further argued that this regime has generated a new articulation of socio-economic relations based on biopower and systems of control alongside the irruptive agency of multitude. Consequently, it is often suggested that the concept of hegemony can no longer adequately explain manifestations of power and resistance. The argument is that we live today in a state of post-hegemony. This paper challenges the theoretical and pragmatic underpinnings of this position at a number of levels, arguing that the lived politics associated with the imposition of Austerity economics across Europe, but particularly as manifest in Ireland, undermine the assertion that hegemony is no longer a relevant conceptualisation of power dynamics. In particular it uses feminist thinking to challenge the epochalisation inherent to arguments of post-hegemony, arguing instead for a return to engagement with the reproductive logic of hegemonic discipline.
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Bruun, Maja Hojer. « The financialization of Danish cooperatives and the debasement of a collective housing good ». Critique of Anthropology 38, no 2 (28 mars 2018) : 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x18761960.
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The article tells the story of Danish cooperative housing’s radical transformation from a collective housing good and commons to a financialized asset during the 2000s when neoliberal housing reforms were introduced and the mortgage finance market was deregulated. Processes of financialization of collectively owned housing have to be understood not only in relation to the dynamics of the surrounding housing market and political-economic changes but also to the communities and social relations that they presuppose and feed off, often in contradictory ways, as people are motivated by both solidarity and private interests. Housing cooperatives have existed as a form of collective housing throughout the 20th century, balanced, on the one hand, between the reproduction of kin, family and local communities and the common good and, on the other, between the market and the reproduction of the base for both families, local communities and the larger public sharing the housing commons. During the 2000s, processes of financialization brought the market and the cooperatives’ base so close together, primarily through new mortgaging opportunities, that families and communities have lost their savings and the base has been undermined, both in a material and an immaterial sense.
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Viglianisi, Angela. « A Program for the Development of the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria - Preliminary Issues ». Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (juin 2014) : 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.177.
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The Program of the development of the metropolitan city of Reggio Calabria, can not be guided from simple considerations of quantitative type, but it must take into account the existing system of material and immaterial relations, that are the result of a series of sectorial issues organization, of the social and economic dynamics, until the cultural identities. Above all, the transport system has always an important role for development and control of a territorial System / Organization [1]. The integrated approach transport-territory, still now not at all took for granted, must become an opportunity to pursue for the competitiveness development of metropolitan city of Reggio Calabria. One of the asserted factors of competitiveness of a metropolitan area must be that of local transports. For these reasons, the present contribution puts as goal the deepening of urban metropolitan links of Reggio Calabria with the various systems of relationship between the municipalities, it has come to generate an idea of Territorial Organization of the future metropolitan city of Reggio Calabria. Also, the methodological course is based on analysis of supply of transport on the critical till to come to the definition of the first hypothesis of vision.
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Amilien, Virginie, et Unni Kjærnes. « The dynamics of sheep welfare in Norway – between idealised images and practical realities ». British Food Journal 119, no 4 (3 avril 2017) : 952–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-01-2016-0047.
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Purpose This paper is based on three social scientific studies of animal welfare and local food products in Norway, of which two focussed on sheep in particular. It addresses the widespread belief that Norwegian sheep farming is “the best” but is confronted with a meat industry that emphasises economic efficiency. A few years after a new Norwegian law on animal welfare acknowledged animals as sentient beings came into force in 2010 (LOVdata, 2009), the purpose of this paper is to better understand ongoing debates on the welfare of sheep by exploring how sheep welfare is understood and regulated in Norway. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical framework draws on convention theory, especially referring to the four “possible worlds of production” (Salais and Storper, 1993). The authors argue that animal welfare may be analysed in parallel to product quality, focussing on three major perspectives of sheep welfare: animal treatment, product quality, and an abstract conceptualisation in public discourse. The empirical analysis is based on interviews with key players in the sector and central documents. Findings Convention theory points to several general difficulties in reaching an agreement on what is “good quality” and welfare. First, the authors find difficulty in how to implement new regulatory conceptualisations with dominant ways of understanding welfare within the industry. Second, the idealised images of sheep welfare of an immaterial possible world dominating public discourse have very little interaction with the real world of farms and abattoirs. Originality/value This paper suggests that rather than addressing and handling the potential tension between the legal recognition of animal as sentient being and the economic demands of the industry, key actors keep the potentially conflicting understandings apart in different “worlds of production” (Salais and Storper, 1993). Nevertheless, the authors observe that interactions between possible worlds, as well as translation from one possible world to another, not only could be promising but would be fundamental to concretise improvements in the real world.
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Pavlić, Goran. « Materijalna baza proizvodnje – nekoliko napomena o virtualnosti ». Život umjetnosti, no 104 (juillet 2019) : 126–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31664/zu.2019.104.08.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The difference between the “real,” “authentic” life and its mere representation has saturated the philosophical discourse from its very onset. Debord’s The Society of the Spectacle usually gets categorized as a further elaboration on this issue. The essential misapprehension of such an understanding lies in the disregard of Debord’s constitutive thesis: “the spectacle is not a collection of images; it is a social relation between people that is mediated by images.” (§ 4) In cultural perspectives, the “real” material dynamics of life – relations between people – is replaced by a purported exchange of images which lack any authenticity. The concept of cognitive capitalism (Vercellone, 2005), with its theses on the contemporary domination of information and knowledge within capitalist reproduction, further validates this opposition. According to Doogan’s (2009) thoroughly researched and empirically founded insights, our world is still heavily dominated by crude material production which precludes any notion of a new, post-Fordist, virtual, immaterial, post-work stage of capitalism. Similarly, Huws (2003, 2014) warns of the dubious status of the concepts of fluid identities, or hybrid subjectivities, and stresses the prevalence of class and gender issues which still substantially affect the working spheres. Drawing on Davis’s (2013) insights on the necessity of class analysis for the comprehension of the artistic field, I will present the modes in which “creativity” functions as a neoliberal buzzword. More specifically, I will outline the ways in which systemic exploitation, as an intrinsic feature of capitalism, still structures the dynamics of the art field, particularly areas that are fashionably known as “creative industries”.
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Kadić, Snežana. « Semantic analysis of corporeality in the poetic discourse of Momčilo Nastasijević ». Bastina, no 51 (2020) : 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bastina30-26915.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper semantically analyzes the corporeality in the poetic discourse of Momčilo Nastasijević. The verses indicate the semantic structure of the body through its sensuous, affective and ontological segment. The conceptual distinction between the body and corporeality is emphasized, by pointing to the body as a conceptual domain that is conceptualized through the plant world and corporeality as a quality that arises in bodily intercommunication. Corporeality is semantically formed in the fusion of bodily relationship and the dynamics of its meaning finds the words whose semantic content is dynamic, and in most cases these words are lexemes that denote processes in the vegetative world. Corporeality is not limited to the material appearance of the body, but is recognized as a space in which the body exists incorporeal and immaterial. Corporeality arises in the human physical-physiological substance of the body, but at the same time it is in the human being an inseparable form with the soul (feelings). There is an ontological component of meaning of the corporeality based on Christian ethical theses. Corporeality is also a metaphysical presupposition of human existence. It is confirmed in the songs with verses about the insatiability of thirst, i.e., eros, which is not bare libido sexualis, but longing and necessity for another being, i.e., the necessity to know the spiritual and divine principle through another body (another being). The function of desire is also shown in conceptual representations of corporeality. According to the poet's essays, desire is the disharmonization of the human personality, and that connotation predetermines the negative meaning of corporeality. In that sense, the body is a state of death and carries the potential for perversion. Hence, the thought of bodily renunciation and prohibition of bodily desire appears in the verses, which is also the influence of Christian views on Nastasijević's poetics and semantics of corporality.
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Sciubba, Enrico. « The Exergy Footprint as a Sustainability Indicator : An Application to the Neanderthal–Sapiens Competition in the Late Pleistocene ». Sustainability 11, no 18 (9 septembre 2019) : 4913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11184913.
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A thermodynamic analysis of population dynamics and of sustainability provides rigor to many important issues. In this work, the “system society” is analysed in connection with the “system environment” using an exergy metric, and the method includes an internalization of the externalities (capital, labour, environmental effects) conducted on the basis of a “system + environment” balance. In this perspective, this study investigates the Late Pleistocene extinction of the Homo neanderthalensis, which took place in a geologically short time and in the presence of a competing species, the Homo sapiens. The case in study is not trivial, and its choice not casual: in those times, the only factor that could lead to an advantage of one group over the other was their respective resource use intensity. A specific indicator, the exergy footprint (EF), is here applied to measure the total amount of primary resources required to produce a certain (material or immaterial) commodity, including the resources needed for the physical survival of the individuals. On the basis of the available data, the results of a steady-state analysis show that the EF of the Neanderthal was higher than that of the Sapiens, and that with both species sharing the same ecological niche in a time of dwindling resources, the less frugal of the two was also more fragile in an evolutionary sense.
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Louali, Samira, Maja Ročak et Jol Stoffers. « Social Cost-Benefit Analysis of Bottom-Up Spatial Planning in Shrinking Cities : A Case Study in The Netherlands ». Sustainability 14, no 11 (6 juin 2022) : 6920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116920.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In current research, the social return to citizens initiatives is important but often under-evaluated. Within this work, we collected the information that has emerged from measuring the social value of regenerative projects in shrinking cities. We used a case study of the regenerative project Gebrookerbos, a socio-spatial regeneration project in the shrinking city of Heerlen, the Netherlands. To assess the project’s monetary and immaterial aspects, a social cost–benefit analysis (SCBA) was used to understand the complexities of the costs and benefits associated with citizens in regeneration projects in a shrinking area. Drawing from the literature on urban shrinkage, citizen involvement, and social cost–benefit analyses, a theoretical framework was proposed. The case study included primary (i.e., interviews) and secondary (i.e., document analysis) data to identify the social value of the Gebrookerbos project, with results suggesting that the project has been meaningful to diverse stakeholders. Based on experiences with the SCBA of Gebrookerbos, one finding was the complexity of measuring citizens’ initiatives in terms of social return due to their process, organisation, and goals, in combination with the dynamics of shrinking cities. We discuss why research on social return to citizens’ initiatives is important and with this study we draw attention to the tendencies, opportunities, and future potential of citizens’ initiatives, which contribute to vacant open spaces and quality of life in shrinking cities.
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Kuntz, Andreas F. « Battir : Creative Resistance in a Front Line—Opportunities and Dilemmas of Tourism Development in a Conflict Zone ». Tourism Culture & ; Communication 19, no 4 (27 novembre 2019) : 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/194341419x15554157596164.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Tourism development in a conflict zone poses challenges. The structural violence of occupation poses real threats to the existence of the village. Battir's inhabitants can build on a tradition of non-violent, creative resistance. Hasan Mustafa initiated creative resistance in 1948 and saved the village from destruction. In retelling the motivations, facts, and events in Battir 1948 a tour guide speaks also about creativity, community, and opportunities for change. In terms of economic dynamics of Holy Land tourism Battir's inhabitants are excluded by Israeli marketing, while Palestinian marketing still needs profiling and fresh ideas. But meanwhile other dynamics appear in Battir: Inhabitants have started to react to the UNESCO World Heritage status of village lands and traditional agriculture, and offer services to visitors. Local products are sold and the beauty of the village can be enjoyed by sitting down with a cup of coffee. Because tourism is new to the village, the cultural dynamics unfolding could be influenced by the inhabitants if tourism would be formed consciously beyond the marketing for more visitors. The amazing story of Hasan Mustafa is an asset for a touristic Battir experience in the framework of a conflict-sensitive tourism. Is the immaterial inheritance, especially the stories about creative resistance, part of the future tourism product, an add-on to UNESCO World Heritage status? The stories still have to be put together to form a reflected narrative that motivates to recognize one's own role in the conflict and the perspective towards change. Therefore, Palestinian tour guides can play a decisive role. This role and the impact of a reflected narrative cannot be underestimated. It is possible to contribute to an awareness of visitors beyond mere contact at a touristic site. Battir can be a sample for a tourism development that serves the village as a whole, if methods and ideas of conflict-sensitive tourism are applied. Inclusion of all stakeholders, a carefully developed strategy, and income for the community and the local government are important to maintain the UNESCO World Heritage landscape. Information about threats and the structure of violence need to be part of the touristic products. With a guided learning experience Battir can continue the inheritance of creative resistance.
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Di Lauro, Antonia. « Effimero e temporaneo : forme e linguaggi dello spazio pubblico nell’era dell’informazione ». Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture 19, no 2 (27 janvier 2022) : 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rv-11440.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In contemporary cities, closure and individualism predominate at the expense of ‘mixing’ and inclusion. By structuring the territories around the principles of speed and globalization, the Net has generated ‘weak links’ of social interaction that are reflected in a public space devoid of identity, used quickly and in solitude, dominated by the fear of the difference and by indifference. In opposition to these dynamics, the importance of collaboration emerges, the central value of an open city in which technology and society become resources to reconcile global and local, individual and community. In this direction, at the scale of public space, the collaborative actions of urban events and the bottom-up practices work on the immaterial component of the project: co-design processes guide the interventions of citizens, collectives and associations in the rediscovery of identity values, cultural meanings and emotions associated with places. The public space becomes a place of interaction and meeting again, experiencing a new culture of living through ‘fixed-time architecture’ which, while meeting the needs of the moment, imagine change. Ephemeral and temporary re-signify ordinary landscapes through collective creativity and direct action on places and, if on the one hand they express the acceleration of our era, on the other they become forms and languages of a project that, in an ecological vision, fits with the rhythms of nature, where everything changes and evolves to contribute to life.
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Soasti-Bareta, Paulo David. « EL DISEÑO BASADO EN CONOCIMIENTO : EL CASO DE LOS RELOJES DE NOMOS GLASHÜTTE ». DISEÑO ARTE Y ARQUITECTURA, no 12 (25 juin 2022) : 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33324/daya.vi12.502.
Texte intégralRésumé :
El artículo examina cómo se manifiesta la dinámica entre agentes, objetos de conocimiento, los contextos de referenciación y la Semiótica Peircieana (SP) en el diseño de artefactos de uso personal, como son los relojes. Se aborda la perspectiva semiótica y del diseño de productos, ya que el objetivo es identificar los conocimientos específicos que permiten una propuesta de significado relevante durante el proceso de diseño. Como marco referencial, se adopta el Desarrollo Basado en Conocimiento (DBC) y la SP, ya que el primero ofrece un enfoque sobre el conocimiento como capital inmaterial, así como el modelo de los Eventos de Conocimiento (EdC). La segunda tiene un carácter fenomenológico que estudia las relaciones más tangibles en los objetos,asociadas a la materialidad y las personas, así como a las relaciones inmateriales asociadas al valor y los significados. Los relojes Ahoi y Autobahn, de la firma NOMOS Glashütte (NG) son analizados en el texto debido al planteamiento de metáforas visuales y al estatus simbólico que han alcanzado como fenómeno cultural posterior a la reunificación alemana. Estos dos impulsores del valor favorecen las innovaciones en el ámbito relojero. El artículo aporta a la expansión del DBC en la escala de productos, al generar el vínculo entre valor y significado, desde lo (in-)material. Los roles de los actores y el papel de la (in-) materialidad plantean unaforma novedosa de interacción para proponer valor, a través de las interpretaciones de la cultura material.Palabras claveCo-creación, cultura material, conocimiento, diseño, producto, semiótica.AbstractThe article examines how dynamics between agents, objects of knowledge and referencing contexts as well as Peirciean Semiotics (PS) are manifested on artifacts design for personal use, such as wristwatches. Semiotics and product design perspectivse are approached, since the objective is to identify the specific knowledge which allows a relevant meaning proposal during design process. Knowledge-Based Development (KBD) and PS are adopted as a referential framework, since the former offers a focus on knowledge as immaterial capital, as well as the Knowledge Events (KE) model. The latter has a phenomenological character that studies the more tangible relationships in objects, related to materiality and people, as well as immaterial relationships associatedwith value and meanings. Wristwatches Ahoi and Autobahn, from NOMOS Glashütte (NG) are analyzed due to the visual metaphors approach and the symbolic status they have achieved as a cultural phenomenon after German reunification. These two value drivers favor innovations in the watchmaking field. The article contributes to the expansion of KBD on the product scale by generating the link between value and meaning, from the (in)material. Actors’ roles and (in)materiality role pose a novel kind of interaction to propose value, through material culture interpretations.KeywordsCo-creation, Semiotics, knowledge, design, product, Material culture.
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Cooper, Melinda. « The Pharmacology of Distributed Experiment – User-generated Drug Innovation ». Body & ; Society 18, no 3-4 (30 août 2012) : 18–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x12446380.
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It is a commonplace of the critical innovation literature that experiment has replaced mass production as the driving force of accumulation. But while many theorists have explored the politics and dynamics of such economies of experiment under the rubric of ‘immaterial’, cognitive or affective labour, few have examined the intersection of labour, experiment and the speculative in the clinic. Taking the clinic as representative of contemporary transformations in the commodity-form, labour and innovation, this article will look at recent attempts to reform the clinical trial, arguing that these developments represent a far-reaching shift in our understanding of medicine. First, I investigate recent efforts (associated with the discourse of ‘translational medicine’) to rethink the interface between experimental lab-based science and the clinic. I also look at closely associated efforts to reintroduce an element of experimental surprise into the clinical trial process itself, through the adoption of novel trial designs. If the randomized controlled trial was conceived essentially along the lines of a product testing procedure, recent efforts have attempted to reintroduce surprise into the testing process itself – in other words, to invent a trial process capable of producing unexpected events as leads for further innovation. I then move from the experimental clinic to what I call the distributed experiment. Here I focus on efforts to outsource pharmacological innovation to a distributed public of patients through the use of social networking software. These platforms allow drug developers to escape the limits of the conventional clinical trial by tracking the experimental practices taking place in the distributed clinic of unregulated drug consumption.
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Kretzmer, T., L. Bajor, M. A. Silva, B. Eapen, T. McKenzie-Hartmann, A. Garcia, H. Belanger et R. Richardson. « 0620 Characteristics Distinguishing Special Operational Forces (SOF) Personnel from Non-SOF Peers with TBI : Retrospective Analysis From the VA TBI Model Systems ». Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (avril 2020) : A237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.617.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Introduction Special Operations Forces (SOF) is an umbrella term which encompasses over a dozen specialized communities across all military branches. Little is known about potential differences in demographic and health characteristics, including sleep, between SOF vs. non-SOF service members. We leveraged existing longitudinal studies of those with history of TBI to examine differences between SOF and non-SOF in the dataset. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the VA TBI Model Systems, a multi-center longitudinal study of outcomes following TBI rehabilitation. Participants were included if SOF status was known (N = 261). Differences between groups on variables of interest were then classified as “Immaterial”, “Minor,” and “Important” based on either prevalence (categorical data) or degree of difference (continuous data). Results Of included participants, 68 (26%) were identified as SOF and 193 (74%) as non-SOF. SOF were more highly educated and more likely to have history of mild TBI. There were multiple “important” differences in co-morbidity prevalence. SOF participants were more likely to be diagnosed with sleep apnea (36% SOF vs 12% non-SOF). They were also more likely to have been diagnosed with chronic pain, a cardiac condition, high blood cholesterol, and/or osteoarthritis. Conclusion SOF participants differed from non-SOF in a multiple important ways, suggesting this is a different and medically complex population. The most striking finding was that SOF personnel had a significantly greater rate of sleep apnea, relative to non-SOF. The mechanism underlying this difference is not known but may relate to training, blast exposure, weapons use, and mission demands. Further investigation regarding mechanisms, prevalence, and treatment of OSA in the SOF community is needed. Support This research was sponsored by VHA Central Office VA TBI Model Systems Program of Research; Subcontract from General Dynamics Information Technology (W91YTZ-13-C-0015; HT0014-19-C-0004).
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Rupčić, Nataša, et Tomislav Gašparović. « Analiza troškova i koristi izgradnje autoceste A1 ». Oeconomica Jadertina 9, no 1 (5 juin 2019) : 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/oec.2838.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Decision-making in public companies does not take place solely based on profitability criteria, but it concerns the merging of market and public criteria. However, despite the diversity of objectives that public sector projects need to meet, and the fact that decisions are made through the process of political negotiation between stakeholders, the basis for making decisions ought to be an analysis of costs and benefits. Thus, it should include all benefits, both material and immaterial, direct and indirect. Yet, one should bear in mind that the project should be cost-effective, both in the construction phase and at the stage of use and maintenance. This paper analyses decisions made in the HAC (Croatian Highways) public company with an emphasis on management decisions when building the A1 motorway. During the construction of this highway, the objectives were to connect the state territory, connect with the European highway network, develop tourism and increase traffic safety. These objectives have been achieved. However, the desired goals of increasing development, specifically the economic development of rural and less-populated areas, and the retention and increase of the population have not been achieved. The project commercial goals have also not been realized. The costs of building Bosiljevo-Split highway section exceeded the planned costs by 3 billion Croatian kuna. The revenues from 2015 to 2017 were on average 500 million Croatian kuna less than projected. Based on these data, the question is whether the A1 motorway should have been built via a loan or through a public-private partnership. Given projection errors, it can be assumed that a model of public-private partnership would have implied a more realistic assessment of traffic dynamics, lower cost of construction, better revenue management, and probably more gradual construction.
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Camilleri, Frank. « Of Hybrids and the Posthuman : Performer Training in the 21st Century ». TDR/The Drama Review 59, no 3 (septembre 2015) : 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A post-psychophysical theoretical and practical framework for performer training is evolving in response to sociological theories of material and immaterial labor, the formulation of “dynamic hybridity” from the field of human geography, and contemporary posthuman thought.
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Georgiana, Dinu Lorena, Toma Ruxandra, Ionuţ Popa et Simona Trifu. « MULTIPLE PERSONALITY. DISSOCIATION MECHANISM OPPOSITE TO SCHIZOPHRENIA ». International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no 4 (8 mai 2021) : 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i4.2021.3896.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Motivation: identity disorder is a mental disorder with a major impact on all aspects of a person's life, affecting in many cases most of its functional areas. The patient in this case study is 40 years old and appears to have good functionality at work, but his personal life is affected. As co-morbid disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use can be mentioned. On the other hand, making a differential diagnosis between identity disorder and schizophrenia is difficult for this patient, because he has symptoms with elements specific for both disorders. Objectives: This paper aims to assess the current profile and longitudinal dynamics of a identity disorder in the case of a 40-year-old patient. He was brought to the psychiatrist by his sister, who found some quirks in his brother's behavior and insisted that he consult a specialist to help him. Also, considering the stress-vulnerability model, the factors that contributed to the onset of the pathology will be captured. Simultaneously with the symptoms of this disorder, we will also consider the effects that substance use has on the patient's condition. Methods: Psychological evaluation, interview, case study, management of the therapeutic alliance and proposal of a long-term treatment, in the absence of which the symptoms may worsen, with the risk of significantly affecting functionality and even suicide. Results: The study outlines a profile based on the fragility of the ego and personal boundaries, going as far as the splitting of the ego, the patient declares that there are different people in it: "authority, accountant, good will", "Half of the things I say I hear for the first time"), the fragility of the boundaries of reality ("life is not reality", "to stay away from reality and stay in my mind for a while"), confusion between the material area and the immaterial one ("the bottom step of the safety pyramid", "I don't clean the house because it costs; at first it costs detergents and then it costs the mind to force itself to clean it too"), dissociation between body, mind and soul ("I speak with my desires", "the body was born first, I was born after; the desires are his"), chain of ideas and flight of thoughts, to which are added behaviors from the obsessive-compulsive spectrum (" mistakes are a kind of death "," I am not allowed to spend, not for me either ”,“ 10 pairs of socks. Do you have? We are not talking”)
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Thün, Geoffrey, Kathy Velikov, Colin Ripley, Lisa Sauvé et Wes McGee. « Soundspheres : Resonant Chamber ». Leonardo 45, no 4 (août 2012) : 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00409.
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This paper develops a brief historical account of the architectural development of auditory space and identifies the “soundsphere” as an acoustic project that connects the interrelationships between material, spatial form and sound. The instrumental design of the soundsphere has focused on three types of shells: hard, static, and inflexible; physically manipulable; and immaterial (or electroacoustic). This frames a disciplinary and historical context for Resonant Chamber, a prototype-based design research project that develops a kinetic and interactive interior envelope system aimed at transforming the acoustic environment through dynamic spatial, material, and electroacoustic technologies.
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Booton, David. « The construction of patent claims ». Legal Studies 40, no 4 (17 août 2020) : 651–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lst.2020.30.
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AbstractThis paper highlights two recurring facets of the way UK courts approach the construction of patent claims: the adoption of methods typically applied to the interpretation of contracts and the recognition that immaterial variations not expressly claimed nevertheless fall within the scope of protection. Drawing on the normative implications arising out of Ronald Coase's paper on the problem of social cost, this paper argues that the patent system operates as a substitute for an explicit bargain between economically active entities operating in the market under which a duty is accepted by one party in return for acceptance of a burden of risk by the other. This perspective incorporates both the static costs and the dynamic benefits of the system and accords with the monopoly-profit-incentive theory most commonly advanced in support of the patent system. It is shown how the contemporary approach to claims construction is supported by the object of giving effect to the presumed intentions of the parties to this hypothetical bargain and that this underpins both the implication of terms which go beyond those expressly agreed to by parties to a contract and the construction of patent claims so as to embrace immaterial variations not expressly within their scope.
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Phlix, Micheline, Ann Petermans, An-Sofie Smetcoren et Jan Vanrie. « The Happy Home : Ageing, Migration, and Housing in Relation to Older Migrants’ Subjective Wellbeing ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no 1 (21 décembre 2022) : 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010106.
Texte intégralRésumé :
(1) Background: With an increasingly diversifying ageing population, it is important to understand what ‘ageing well’ means to older adults with a migration background. Given older adults’ preference to age in place and declining mobility, housing is a significant place in later life. Therefore, this paper explores the influence of housing, migration, and age on older migrants’ subjective wellbeing, with attention to immaterial aspects such as a sense of home as well. (2) Methods: In-depth interviews with older migrants from various ethnicities (N = 22) were conducted. The data collection and analysis were led by an inductive and deductive approach through thematic analysis. (3) Results: The results point to the dynamic nature of age(ing) and the role of migration background in the subjective wellbeing of older migrants. The need for preserving one’s housing situation and environmental mastery in later life is highlighted. Furthermore, the relation and mutual influence of subjective wellbeing and sense of home is uncovered. (4) Conclusions: This study highlights the intersection of age, migration, and housing to the subjective wellbeing and sense of home of older migrants. In addition, influences on older migrants’ subjective wellbeing concern both a material (i.e., housing) and immaterial (i.e., sense of home, age, migration) base.
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Emadi, Azadeh. « Reconsidering the Substance of Digital Video from a Sadrian Perspective ». Leonardo 53, no 1 (février 2020) : 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01602.
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The author discusses digitization as video’s deficiency; pixels are conceived as isolated fragments without an existential link to the source image. This article explores the ontology of digital video through Mulla Sadrā’s (1571–1641) theory of Substantial Motion. Sadrā, a Persian-Islamic existentialist, proposed that substance (material/visible and immaterial/invisible) undergoes an internal change, creating intimate connections between the smallest parts and the One, visible and invisible. We can think of these dynamic connections in terms of pixels and frames. From the view of Sadrā’s substance, pixels are explored as open to change. The apparent weaknesses of digital materiality become potentials toward understanding its existence in time.
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Ferrini, Cinzia. « Descartes’s Legacy in Kant’s Notions of Physical Influx and Space-Filling : True Estimation and Physical Monadology ». Kant-Studien 109, no 1 (8 mars 2018) : 9–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kant-2018-0005.
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Abstract: This paper examines Kant’s pre-Critical distinction between the capacity of an immaterial simple substance to occupy space by having a spatial location and the sphere of its activity, in contrast to the power of material compound bodies to fill space by their extension and solidity. I highlight some important features of Descartes’ metaphysical and physical models of the contingent locality of simple unextended substances and challenge the recently articulated view that Henry More’s model of extended but metaphysically indivisible spirits is an archetype for, or at least a precursor to, Kant’s dynamic monads. I claim that, contra More and the Newtonians, Kant is indebted to Descartes for this idea of how simple substances take up space and can be extended in an ‘analogous’ way by means of the effects of their activity.
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van Popta, Yftinus T. « No Country for Men : Searching for Late Medieval Submerged Settlements in the North-Eastern Zuiderzee Area in the Netherlands ». European Journal of Archaeology 22, no 4 (novembre 2019) : 567–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2019.36.
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This article focuses on the maritime cultural landscape of the former Zuiderzee (ad 1170–1932) in the central part of the Netherlands. Since the large-scale reclamations from the sea (1932–1968), many remains have been discovered, revealing a submerged and eroded late medieval maritime culture, represented by lost islands, drowned settlements, cultivated lands, shipwrecks, and consequently socio-economic networks. Especially the north-eastern part of the region, known today as the Noordoostpolder, is testimony to the dynamic battles of the Dutch against the water. By examining physical and immaterial datasets from the region, it is possible to give a modern-day idea of this late medieval maritime cultural landscape. Spatial distribution and densities of late medieval archaeological remains are analysed and compared to historical data and remote sensing results. This interdisciplinary approach has led to the discovery of the remains of the drowned settlement of Fenehuysen.
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Elia, Anna, et Valentina Fedele. « ‘Islam is a Place Inside Myself’ : Material and Immaterial Re-Positioning of Religion in the Living Experience of Unaccompanied Muslim Minors in Italy ». International Journal of Islamic Architecture 10, no 2 (1 juillet 2021) : 441–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00051_1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
European sociological studies on refugees who are hosted by national protection systems primarily focus on intervention practice and are particularly attentive to the regulatory and social conditions that produce refugees’ precariousness. Studies that consider refugee subjectivity through migratory experiences are rare. In the case of unaccompanied minors, a protection/control dynamic is widespread, as the vulnerability of young refugees is often used as a pretext for setting up institutions to contain their aspirations and their life plans. This article argues that analysis of the role of religion, i.e., the place of the religious in the experiences of unaccompanied minors, is a way to focus on the subjectivities of young refugees, thereby building an understanding of the essential issues surrounding the migration experience. The article is based on research conducted in Calabria, in southern Italy, involving unaccompanied Muslim minors hosted in reception centres. With the aim to understand the religiosity of individuals, this empirical investigation presents the migratory experience of each minor, taking into account trajectories, family ties, and ways of transitioning into adulthood. Considering how these three areas are interconnected by the young refugees’ ‘musulmanity’ (their sense of being Muslim) has made it possible to be attentive to their agency, to the meaning these minors give to their actions, and to their migratory experiences.
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Rudnicki, Seweryn. « WHAT ARE IDEAS MADE OF ? ON THE SOCIO-MATERIALITY OF CREATIVE PROCESSES ». Creativity Studies 14, no 1 (13 mai 2021) : 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2021.13259.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article explores the possibility that ideas are dynamic, socio-material and relational entities that come into existence with the help of materials and technologies. It starts from arguing that the popular understanding of ideas as immaterial entities (thoughts, concepts, insights) that we process mentally, communicate (symbolically) to others, and eventually realise is rooted in essentialist and representationalist philosophy and as such is not universal. It is then argued that an alternative understanding of what an idea is may be proposed within the relationist perspective that focuses our attention primarily on change and historicity. The article employs the concept of translation – borrowed from the actor-network theory – to propose that an idea is enacted slightly differently in every social situation and with the use of different materials and technologies. Importantly, the presented relational and socio-material interpretation emphasizes that it is not the “essence” of an idea but the translations it is subjected to that enable or constrain action possibilities and determine its evolution. Finally, it is proposed that following translations of ideas empirically may be a promising avenue for further research.
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Morales Ruvalcaba, Daniel. « The Semiperipheral States in the Twenty-first Century : Measuring the Structural Position of Regional Powers and Secondary Regional States ». International Studies 57, no 1 (janvier 2020) : 20–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020881719880769.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The notion of semiperiphery refers to specific, delimited, observable and geographically referenced spaces: the semiperipheries fulfil a complex structural function and are not common in the world system. In this way, what countries have transited through these ascending/descending mobilities and now make up the semiperiphery? This article not only presents an extensive theoretical review of the concept of semiperiphery but also demonstrates the coexistence of two groups of states in the semiperiphery: the first, the high or strong, semiperiphery, is composed of the so-called regional powers; the second, the low or weak, semiperiphery, is made up of a group that has been little studied so far and that can be named as secondary regional states. Due to an increase in their material and immaterial capacities, the regional powers entered into a dynamic of rise in the first decade of the twenty-first century and, with this, they strengthened their position in the international structure; secondary regional states did not stand out due to their emergence, but they significantly increased their semi-material capacities, which places them on the path of development. However, none of the cases have overcome their situation and semiperipheral nature.
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Allais, Romain, et Julie Gobert. « (IM-)Material flow analysis for system innovation ». Matériaux & ; Techniques 107, no 1 (2019) : 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2018066.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Current assessment tools are mainly disciplinary and support the assessment of material flows in terms of environmental impacts or economical flows, for example. These tools provide helpful quantitative information for system (re)-design but do not explicitly question the value creation factors and their embeddedness in a specific socio-spatial context. This article underlines that innovation for sustainability requires more complexity and a system and multidisciplinary approach. A dynamic material and immaterial resource flows model coupled with extended scorecard to support both the analysis and structuration of territorial projects may be of great support to better understand, qualify and quantify the different kinds of resources revealed, mobilized or denied during a project. This communication focuses on the model development and the cross-fertilization of industrial, sociological and geographical disciplines for system transition analysis. Even if this model is still under development, it appears to strengthen strategic analysis, as it enables both the representation of the tangibles and intangible assets mobilized during the emergence and structuration of territorial projects (e.g. business model transition to functional economy) and sustainability assessment of existing projects (e.g. industrial and territorial ecology projects).
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Carey, James. « indeterminate duration ». Interiority 1, no 2 (30 juillet 2018) : 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v1i2.25.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Interiority, in relation to my practice, is the inherent curiosity to the notions of process, time and duration. It is a practice of mark making, marking time, making time, and time making; foregrounding duration and marking an occurrence. My technique is one of working responsively to interiors, allowing particular temporal conditions to surface within specific sites and situations. The marks – whether they be on a canvas, a house, a building, or within a gallery – materialise immateriality and allow the residue of particular processes to be assembled as collections of materialised and spatialised time. This paper discusses an artist residency undertaken in Detroit, USA 2017. Informed by existing watermarks, stains and rust encountered within abandoned spaces in Detroit, I initially responded by using found materials such as charcoal and ash from burnt houses, plant materials and liquids, to assemble process-based compositions on canvas. Further temporal interventions were then assembled in a number of situations within Detroit. This paper, and practice, notions that interiority is a field of interiors where the indeterminate is celebrated through the force of duration; immersion in time as ow. The temporal, material and immaterial are considered as a dynamic and confluence of forces; assembled in time, materialising immateriality.
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Djabarouti, Johnathan. « Listed Buildings as Socio-material Hybrids : Assessing Tangible and Intangible Heritage Using Social Network Analysis ». Journal of Heritage Management 5, no 2 (21 novembre 2020) : 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929620967812.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Immaterial manifestations of culture have received increasing attention over the past two decades. This is of particular relevance to the contemporary built heritage professional who must not only consider intangible heritage within assessments but attempt to understand its relationship with the physical building fabric. Underpinned by a ‘Practice Theory’ ontology, this research explores how social network analysis (SNA) can reveal entanglements between tangible and intangible heritage by focussing on practices and relationships. Using the Grade II* Long Street Methodist Church and Sunday School, Greater Manchester, UK, the study demonstrates how the basic use of SNA for built heritage assessment can offer a deeper insight into the significance of a listed building. The study demonstrates how SNA can support: an equality of visibility across heritage domains, a better understanding of tangible–intangible relationships and the illumination of underlying practices that sustains these relationships. Perhaps most importantly, it emphasizes the dynamic and unpredictable nature of heritage by de-emphasizing the centrality of the building within heritage assessment processes and reconceptualizing it as an inherent part of social phenomena. In doing so, it suggests one must accept the notion that socio-material practices should be considered for conservation and safeguarding, alongside the physical building itself.