Articles de revues : « Île-de-France (France) – History »

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Saugera, Éric. « Île de France ». Outre-Mers N° 408-409, n^o 2 (3 juillet 2021) : 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/om.202.0463.

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Bonvalet, Catherine, et Nicolas Robette. « Historia residencial de los francilianos nacidos entre 1930 y 1950 / Residential History of People Born in Île-de-France between 1930 and 1950 ». Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 27, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2012) : 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v27i3.1422.

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El propósito de este artículo es relatar la historia residencial de las generaciones nacidas entre 1930 y 1950 que habitan París y sus afueras. Se basa en la encuesta Biografías y entorno que recolectó el INED en 2001 entre cerca de 2 830 francilianos (oriundos de la región de Île-de-France) pertenecientes a estas generaciones. Sus trayectorias residenciales y geográficas dan testimonio de los grandes momentos de la urbanización franciliana que ocurrieron en el transcurso de la segunda mitad del siglo xx, particularmente con la expansión de la propiedad y los fenómenos de periurbanización y gentrificación. Desde el punto de vista geográfico se advierten tres grandes tendencias: un movimiento centrífugoque aleja a los francilianos del centro de la aglomeración; una cierta estabilidad en la zona geográfica donde se han asentado en Île-de-France, lo que denota su apego a París y su arraigo a las afueras; y en una proporción menor, un cierto retorno al centro de la aglomeración. Algunas encuestas han observado también movimientos urbanos; éstos fueron los casos de los pioneros de la periurbanización con el acceso a la propiedad de una casa individual en parcelación y el de los pioneros de la gentrificación en ciertos distritos de la capital situados en los alrededores cercanos. El análisis por generación muestra el efecto diferenciado de las políticas sobre los recorridos residenciales y geográficos. Revela sobre todo la repercusión de los cambios matrimoniales sobre las trayectorias. Aunque lastrayectorias residenciales de las generaciones nacidas antes de la guerra, al igual que sus trayectorias familiares, se mostraban de manera lineal conforme a un esquema que iba del arriendo hacia la propiedad, las trayectorias de las generaciones nacidas después de 1945 resultaban mucho más caóticas según las uniones, separaciones y reemparejamientos eventuales. La propiedad, que a menudo se presenta como el fin último del recorrido, se convierte para algunos en una etapa dentro de una trayectoria cada vez más compleja. AbstractThe purpose of this article is to describe the residential history of the generations born between 1930 and 1950, living in Paris and its suburbs. It is based on the Biographies and Setting survey conducted by INED in 2001 on about 2830 people from the Île-de-France region belonging to these generations. Their residential and geographical trajectories testify to the great moments of Île-de-France urbanization that occurred during the course of the second half of the 20th century, particularly with the expansion of property and the phenomena of periurbanization and gentrification. From a geographical point of view, three major trends emerge: a centrifugal movement that drives people from the Île-de-France region away from the center of the agglomeration, a certain stability in the geographical area where they have settled in Île-de-France, denoting their attachment to Paris and their roots in the suburbs, and to a lesser extent, a return to the center of the agglomeration. Some surveys have also observed urban movements. This was the cases of the pioneers of periurbanization with access to the ownership of an individual home in a holding and of the pioneers of gentrification in certain districts of the capital located in the immediate vicinity. Analysis by generation shows the different effect on residential and geographical routes. Above all, it reveals the impact of marital changes on trajectories. Although the residential trajectories of the pre-war generations, like their family trajectories, were shown in a linear manner in a scheme that went from rental to ownership, the trajectories of the generations born after 1945 were far more chaotic, due to unions, separations and the eventual formation of new couples. Ownership, oftenpresented as the ultimate goal of the course, becomes a stage in an increasingly complex trajectory for some.

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Mazauric, Claude. « La France et la première abolition de l’esclavage (1794-1802) [le cas des colonies orientales, île de France (Maurice) et la Réunion] ». Annales historiques de la Révolution française, n^o 317 (1 septembre 1999) : 552–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ahrf.925.

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Lemarchand, Guy. « Alexis Hluszko, Le terrain de chasse du roi. Les capitaineries royales en Île-de-France ». Annales historiques de la Révolution française, n^o 360 (1 juin 2010) : 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ahrf.11779.

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Fishburn, Matthew. « Dwarf emus from Baudin's voyage (1800–1804) : an overlooked engraving by Nicolas Huet (1770–1830) ». Archives of Natural History 49, n^o 2 (octobre 2022) : 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2022.0791.

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The French voyage of exploration to New Holland (Australia) between 1800 and 1804, commanded by Nicolas Baudin (1754–1803), made substantial natural history collections, notably capturing dwarf emus from the two distinct populations on King Island (Île King) in Bass Strait (December 1802) and Kangaroo Island (Île Decrès) (January 1803). Two of these emus survived their voyage to France, were housed briefly at the Empress Josephine's menagerie at Malmaison, and then the zoological park of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Both died in 1822. With the wild populations on both islands exterminated soon after Baudin's visit, two watercolours, one by Charles-Alexandre Lesueur (1778–1846) and one by Léon de Wailly ( fl. 1801–1824), have been central to the history of the dwarf emus. However, an important contemporary engraving by Nicolas Huet (1770–1830) depicting the two surviving emus in captivity has been overlooked. This essay explores the history of the images of the now extinct dwarf emus, as well as the production and significance of Huet's engraving.

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Claerr, Thierry. « Restauration seigneuriale et contestation paysanne en Île-de-France à la fin du XVe siècle ». Histoire & ; Sociétés Rurales 14, n^o 1 (2000) : 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/hsr.2000.1152.

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Nègre, Valérie. « Antoine Le Bas, Architectures de brique en Île-de-France, 1850-1950, Paris, Somogy, 2014. 304 p. » Histoire urbaine 50, n^o 3 (2017) : XIII. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhu.050.0195.

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Schlicht, Markus. « Till Schoofs, Saint-Germain-des-Prés. Zur bedeutung frühgotischer Bauformen im Machtgefüge der Île-de-France ». Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, n^o 237 (1 janvier 2017) : 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ccm.6154.

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Boulet, François. « Dominique Hervier, Roselyne Bussière (sous la direction de), Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, Terre de confluences, Paris, A.P.P.I.F., Inventaire général du patrimoine culturel de la France Région Île-de-France, 2005, 128 p. » Histoire urbaine 18, n^o 1 (2007) : 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhu.018.0172.

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Daumas, Philippe. « Les prénoms et l'image des filles : recherches sur les prénoms féminins en Île-de-France autour de la période révolutionnaire ( 1775-1825) ». Annales historiques de la Révolution française 322, n^o 1 (2000) : 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahrf.2000.2355.

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LARSON, PIER M. « ENSLAVED MALAGASY AND ‘LE TRAVAIL DE LA PAROLE’ IN THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY MASCARENES ». Journal of African History 48, n^o 3 (novembre 2007) : 457–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853707002824.

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ABSTRACTMalagasy speakers probably formed the single largest native speech community among slaves dispersed into the western Indian Ocean between 1500 and 1900. In the eighteenth-century Mascarenes, Malagasy parlers (dialects) served as a contact language, understood both by persons born in Madagascar and by those with no direct ties to the island. Catholic missionaries working in Bourbon and Île de France frequently evangelized among sick and newly disembarked Malagasy slaves in their own tongues, employing servile interpreters and catechists from their ecclesiastical plantations as intermediaries in their ‘work of the word’. Evangelistic style was multilingual, in both French and Malagasy, and largely verbal, but was also informed by Malagasy vernacular manuscripts of Church doctrine set in Roman characters. The importance of Malagasy in the Mascarenes sets the linguistic environment of the islands off in distinctive ways from those of Atlantic slave societies and requires scholars to rethink the language and culture history of the western Indian Ocean islands, heretofore focused almost exclusively on studies of French and its creoles.

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Désire, Antoine. « L’externalisation des archives à Pôle emploi Île-de-France : une contrainte nécessaire dans la politique de gestion des documents d’activité ». La Gazette des archives 238, n^o 2 (2015) : 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/gazar.2015.5251.

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CHEVALIER, Pascale. « Pierre GILLON, Christian SAPIN (dir.), Cryptes médiévales et culte des saints en Île-de-France et en Picardie ». Hortus Artium Medievalium 26 (mai 2020) : 387–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.ham.5.123697.

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Wygant, Amy. « Jean Racine 1699–1999 : actes du colloque Île-de-France — La Ferté-Milon 25–30 mai 1999 ». French Studies LX, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2006) : 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/kni299.

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Hervier, Dominique. « Artisanat, industrialisation, désindustrialisation en Île-de-France, Actes du colloque de Meaux, 4-5 décembre 1999, Mémoires de la Fédération des sociétés historiques et archéologiques de Paris et de l’Île-de-France, tome 51, Paris, 2000,485 p. » Histoire urbaine 7, n^o 1 (2003) : 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhu.007.0247.

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Heller, Henry. « Stephen Miller on Capitalism in the Old Regime : A Response ». Historical Materialism 21, n^o 3 (2013) : 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341314.

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AbstractStephen Miller attempts to confute the idea that capitalist accumulation characterised the agriculture of the Île-de-France prior to the Revolution. Instead he tries to assimilate the agriculture of the north into theAnnalesmodel of neo-Malthusian agricultural cycles and Chayanovian subsistence economy which is supposedly characteristic of the Midi. I argue instead that the notion of a northern capitalist agriculture is rooted not only in the extensive modern research of Moriceau but in the political-economic writings of Turgot and Marx which have been largely ignored. Accumulation in the sense of the growth of fixed and variable capital and emerging technological progress characterised northern agriculture. The persistence of small producers which Miller sees as an index of unchanging stasis might better be investigated in terms of the evolution over time of a reservoir of wage labour for larger-scale enterprises as pointed out by Kautsky.

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Lalliard, François. « Propriété aristocratique et innovation agronomique en Île-de-France au XIXe siècle. La gestion des Berthier à Grosbois (1808-1912) ». Histoire & ; Sociétés Rurales 13, n^o 1 (2000) : 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/hsr.2000.1128.

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Cavanagh, Edward. « The Atlantic Prehistory of Private International Law : Trading Companies of the New World and the Pursuit of Restitution in England and France, 1613–43 ». Itinerario 41, n^o 3 (décembre 2017) : 452–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s016511531700064x.

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This article concerns itself with the kind of legal conflicts that broke out in the Atlantic New World between merchant interests from different parts of Europe. Case studies are made of two disputes: one between Samuel Argall of the Virginia Company and a factor on behalf of Antoinette de Pons at the Île des Monts-Déserts, and the other between the Compagnie de Caën and the Kirke brothers at the Saint Lawrence River. Together, these case studies reveal how important it was for merchant interests to have resident ambassadors and state officials advancing their interests in England and France. Procedural difficulties and jurisdictional uncertainty often impeded the road to redress. Additionally, this article suggests that the peacetime reckoning of events associated with warfare provided an optimal opportunity for disaffected private actors to have their claims for redress recognised. The extent to which private overtures for restitution relied upon public acts of diplomacy reveals some of the reasons why it is not possible to date the origins of private international law before the long nineteenth century. Rather we might profitably identify, in events such as these, the prehistory of private international law.

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Gillot, Laurence. « Arlette Auduc (sous la direction de), Rénover, réutiliser, reconvertir le patrimoine, Actes du colloque régional (15-16 septembre 2014), Région Île-de-France, 2015 ». Histoire urbaine 49, n^o 2 (2017) : IX. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhu.049.0174.

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Quellier, Florent. « Le temps des fruits, les fruits du temps. L’arboriculture fruitière et la gestion du temps en Île-de-France (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècle) ». Histoire & ; Sociétés Rurales 13, n^o 1 (2000) : 39–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/hsr.2000.1127.

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Auberger, Elise, Jean-Pierre Gély et Didier Merle. « New regulatory tool for the conservation of the geological heritage in France : the Prefectural Decree of the Protection of the Geotope (APPG). Application and feedback in the Yvelines department (Paris basin, Île-de-France) ». BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 189, n^o 1 (2018) : 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2018002.

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In France, the conservation of geological heritage has a complex history that dates back to the middle of the 19th century. Two regulatory tools, “Site Classé”, established in 1906, and Natural Reserves, created in 1976, have served to protect geological sites in the past. Nonetheless, these tools are long to implement vis-à-vis to the rapid destruction of geological objects in the French territory. Due to this juridical void, the state created in 2015 two prefectural decrees for the protection of geological sites of interest. These tools allow the Prefect to: (i) determine a departmental list of geological sites of importance; (ii) define appropriate regulations for their conservation through the Prefectural Decree of the Protection of the Geotope (APPG). Their decentralised legal proceedings appear to be easy to administer, as they only require the advice of regional and departmental commissions as well as some local stakeholders. Our article reports the first enactment of the APPG in France, in a peri-urban to urban area, the Yvelines department. By relying on the programmes of Strategy of Creation of Protected metropolitan Areas (SCAP) and the National Inventory of the Geological Heritage (INPG), two geological sites of international value threatened by anthropic activities were selected for the APPG: the Lutetian fossil sites of Grignon and the Ferme de l’Orme. If successfully enacted, the APPG could prove advantageous because it is a tool adapted to the protection of geological objects and to its socio-economic and environmental context. However, after almost two years, the proceedings of the APPG have not been finalised. Optional yet beneficial steps, as well as unforeseen requests, delayed the process considerably. Given that the APPG do not confer protection to the geological sites during this period, their efficacy must be questioned in a fast-evolving region where land pressure is high and geological sites disappear quickly. However, the French juridical system has improved in the recent years in that it encourages Earth Sciences specialists to form part of local consultative instances (CSRPN, CDNPS) and thereby influence the decisions concerning the protection of these highly threatened sites.

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Castro Redondo, Rubén. « La conflictividad por servidumbres en los procesos judiciales de la Real Audiencia de Galicia en la Edad Moderna ». Vínculos de Historia. Revista del Departamento de Historia de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, n^o 8 (20 juin 2019) : 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/vdh_2019.08.16.

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RESUMENLa sociedad gallega del Antiguo Régimen fue esencialmente conflictiva, hecho que ha sido probado en numerosas publicaciones en los últimos años. El presente artículo trata de analizar una parte de esta realidad social a través de los litigios que la Real Audiencia de Galicia atendió por razón de servidumbres, las cuales podían ser, según el elemento al que se refiriesen, de paso, de agua y de luces y ventanas. Estas figuras jurídicas redistribuían derechos y deberes al margen de la propiedad privada, por lo que aunque su fundamento no se discutía, como habitualmente ocurrió, sí se discutió la forma en que debían establecerse.PALABRAS CLAVE: Edad Moderna, conflictividad social, servidumbre de paso, servidumbre de agua, servidumbre de luces y ventanas.ABSTRACTGalician society during Early Modern History was essentially conflictive, as many studies have demonstrated in recent years. This paper seeks to analyse a part of this social reality through the litigation that the Royal Court of Galicia considered by reason of easements, which could be, according to the element to which they refer, on rights of way, water, lights and windows. These legal instruments redistributed rights and duties beyond private property, so if their basis was not generally discussed, there was debate over how they should be established.KEYWORDS: Early Modern History, social conflict, access easement, water easement, light and air easement. BIBLIOGRAFÍAAlegre Maceira, C., Dar e concordar no Ulla no século XVIII, A Coruña, Diputación provincial de A Coruña, 2009.Bouhier, A., La Galice: essai geographique d’analyse et d’interpretation d’un vieux complexe agraire, La Roche-sur-Yon, 1979.Candal González, X. M., “Pleitos de aguas en la audiencia coruñesa durante el siglo XVIII”, Obradoiro de Historia Moderna, 2 (1993), pp. 85-103.Cardesín, J. M., Tierra, trabajo y reproducción social en una aldea gallega (s. XVIII – XX): muerte de unos, vida de otros, Madrid, Ministerio de Agricultura, 1992.Castro Redondo, R., La conflictividad vecinal en la Galicia de fines del Antiguo Régimen: los conflictos por medidas y límites (Tesis Doctoral Inédita), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 2016.Fernández Vega, L., La Real Audiencia de Galicia, órgano de gobierno en el Antiguo Régimen, A Coruña, Diputación de A Coruña, 1982.González Fernández, X. M., Bouzas y otros juzgados gallegos del siglo XVIII: la conflictividad judicial ordinaria en la Galicia atlántica (1670-1820), Vigo, Instituto de Estudios Vigueses, 1997.Goubert, P., Beauvais et le Beauvaisis de 1600 á 1730 : contribution á l’histoire sociale de la France du XVIIe siècle, París, l’École des Hautes Études, 1960.Herbella de Puga, B., Derecho práctico i estilos de la Real Audiencia de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Imprenta de Ignacio Aguayo, 1768.Iglesias Estepa, R., “La conflictividad ‘sorda’: un estudio sobre la criminalidad a finales del Antiguo Régimen”, Obradoiro de Historia Moderna, 10 (2001), p. 247-273.Jacquart, J., La crise rurale en Île-de-France, 1550-1670, Paris, A. Colin, 1974.Kagan, R., Pleitos y pleiteantes en Castilla (1500-1700), Junta de Castilla y León: Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 1991.Las Siete Partidas del Rey don Alfonso el Sabio, cotejadas con varios códices antiguos por la Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid, 1807.López Gómez, P., La Real Audiencia de Galicia y el Archivo del Reino, Santiago de Compostela, Xunta de Galicia, 1996.Mantecón Movellán, T. A., Conflictividad y disciplinamiento social en la Cantabria rural del Antiguo Régimen, Santander, Universidad de Cantabria, 1997.Ortego Gil, P., “La fuente limpia de la justicia: la Real Audiencia de Galicia”, en Die Höchstgerichtsbarkeit im ZeitalterKarls V: Eine vergleichende Betrachtung, Baden Baden, Nomos, 2011, pp. 177-264.Pacheco, F. L., Las servidumbres pradiales en el derecho histórico español, Lleida, Pagès Editors, 1991.Pacheco, F. L., “Fueros y Partidas: algunas páginas más sobre servidumbres”, Initium: Revista catalana d’historia del dret, 6, 2001, pp. 285-305.Pérez García, J. M., “Entre regar y no regar: la intensa disputa por unos recursos hídricos colectivos escasos en la Galicia meridional (1600-1850)”, en F. J. ArandaPérez (coord.), El mundo rural en la España moderna, Cuenca, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 2004, pp. 555-572.Rey Castelao, O., Montes y política forestal en la Galicia del Antiguo Régimen, Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 1995.Rey Castelao, O., “La lucha por el agua en el país de la lluvia (Galicia, siglos XVI-XIX)”, Vínculos de Historia, 1 (2012), pp. 45-72.Saavedra Fernández, P., “El agua en el sistema agropecuario de Galicia”, en A. Marcos Martín (coord.), Agua y sociedad en la época moderna, Valladolid, Universidad de Valladolid, Instituto Universitario Simancas, 2009, pp. 49-72.Saavedra Fernández, P., “Servidumbres y limitaciones de dominio en el sistema agropecuario de Galicia”, en Historia de la propiedad: servidumbres y limitaciones de dominio, Madrid, Servicio de Estudios del Colegio de Registradores, 2009, pp. 351-388.Torijano Pérez, E., “El agua como bien privativo (de las Partidas al Código Civil)”, en A. Marcos Martín (coord.), Agua y sociedad en la época moderna, Valladolid, Universidad de Valladolid, 2009, pp. 73-86.

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Vallat, Colette. « Claire Étienne-Steiner, « Le Havre, un port, des villes neuves », Cahiers du Patrimoine, 71, préface Bernard Gauthiez, Éditions du Patrimoine, 2005, 365 p. Hélène Bocard et al., « De Paris à la mer, la ligne de chemin de fer Paris-Rouen-Le Havre, Île-de-France et Haute-Normandie », Images du patrimoine, 239, sous la direction de Dominique Hervier, avant-propos Bernard Toulier, Denis Woronoff, 2005, 152 p. » Histoire urbaine 20, n^o 3 (2007) : 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhu.020.0179.

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Fugmann, Joachim. « Danielle Magnan – Didier Vermeersch – Guy Le Coz (Hgg.), Les édifices de spectacle antiques en Île-de-France ». Klio 97, n^o 2 (1 janvier 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/klio-2015-0070.

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Lugoch, Gabriela, Geórgia Camargo Góss, Danilo Augusto Mendes Viana, Marília Teresa Oliveira, Bruno Leite Dos Anjos, Alexandre Mazzanti et Diego Vilibaldo Beckmann. « Cervical Spinal Cord Surgical Stabilization in a Sheep ». Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 49 (18 mars 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.108515.

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Background: Trauma is the main cause of spinal fractures and dislocations in humans and large animals. Clinical signs present with acute onset and vary according to the location and severity of the spinal cord injury. The treatment of fractures in large animals depends on economic value, cost of procedures, prognosis, location and type of fracture. However, although spinal fractures in large animals are not uncommon, the literature about their clinical aspects and treatment is scanty. Therefore, the purpose of this report is to describe a surgical stabilization of atlantoaxial subluxation, fracture of the third cervical vertebra and C2-C3 subluxation.Case: An approximately 2-year-old Île-de-France sheep, weighing 101 kg, with a history of cervical trauma and non-ambulatory tetraparesis was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Institution (UNIPAMPA). During physical examination, the animal presented good general physical condition and heart rate, respiratory rate and temperature was according to physiological parameters for the species. The animal remained in lateral decubitus, with minimal head and limb movements, and exhibited deep pain sensitivity. Clinical treatment with dexamethasone, limb physiotherapy and change in lateral decubitus position were employed, but failed to improve the animal’s condition. After five days of unresponsive to clinical treatment, the patient was referred to the neurology department, where it underwent neurological examination and radiographic examination of the cervical region was performed under general anesthesia. The radiographic examination revealed atlantoaxial subluxation, by displacement of the odontoid process into the vertebral canal, fracture of the third cervical vertebra and C2-C3 vertebral subluxation. The surgical planning aimed cervical vertebral instability repair using atlantoaxial arthrodesis associated the stabilization of C1-C2 and C2-C3 vertebrae with Schanz pins and bone cement, due facility and versatility this association. The postoperative radiographic examination showed incomplete insertion of the Schanz pin into the left Atlas wing and a cervical collar was recommended. The clinical evaluation was performed daily, and after 23 days of surgery the animal could crawl in lateral decubitus besides assisted walking ability. However, the animal died 36 days after surgery due to severe dyspnea. A necropsy revealed pulmonary edema and hepatic lipidosis, besides hepatic septic thrombus. Moreover, the vertebral canal of C1-C2 and C2-C3 segments stayed realigned and stabilized, without spinal cord injury and trachea compression.Discussion: Non-ambulatory tetraparesis, and minimal head and limb movements confirm severe spinal cord injury. The failure of clinical treatment, craniocervical instability in C1-C2 and C2-C3 and the high economic and genetic value of patients was definite for the surgical indication, besides reserved prognosis. The surgical treatment aim is recovery motor function from spinal cord decompression, vertebral canal realignment and the stabilization of vertebral instability. The cervical collar was placed on the patient after the surgery was intended to prevent rotation of the atlantoaxial joint, aiding vertebral stability. It is believed that the recovery of large animals with spinal cord injuries like in this case report is slower due to their heavy weight and the difficulty in managing such patients. This case report confirms that the techniques employed here achieved the proposed objectives of spinal canal alignment and spinal stabilization, showing improvement of clinical signs and recovery of the animal’s limb and neck movements.

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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Île-de-France (France) – History »

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