Bibliographies thématiques / Hydrogeological hazards

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Hydrogeological hazards »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Hydrogeological hazards"

Jingye, Xu. « Analysis of Problems and Hazards in Hydrogeological Investigation ». Research on Geology 2, n^o 2 (2020) : 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35534/rg.0202010c.

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Moiseev, D., L. Gorina, V. Romanovsky, K. Valeeva et O. Gorbunova. « Hydrogeological processes and phenomena and assessment of their danger ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 937, n^o 3 (1 décembre 2021) : 032018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/937/3/032018.

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Abstract In modern complex engineering-geological conditions of cities, the growth and scale of development of dangerous natural processes and phenomena can be traced. In many ways, the reasons for this are not only technogenic load on the soil, but also changes in climatic factors. Buildings and objects exposed to hazardous factors of hydrogeological processes are becoming increasingly vulnerable to their impact, which can lead to catastrophic consequences. One of the main conditions for increasing the stability of objects is the adaptation of existing methods or approaches to assessing natural hazards that have a negative impact on the physical state of such objects. The authors of the article propose an adaptation of the international INFORM approach in order to assess the hazard level of natural processes and phenomena in built-up areas. The task is also to develop a methodology for assessing the physical state of objects exposed to such processes and phenomena. To solve this problem, the study examines the practical aspects of applying the principles of the Weber-Fechner law in determining the state of the structural parameters of buildings that are under the influence of negative factors of hazardous natural processes and phenomena. The study is based on the principle of changing the category of the physical state of objects from changes in the level of exposure to hazardous factors of natural processes and phenomena.

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Papagiannaki, Diakakis, Kotroni, Lagouvardos et Andreadakis. « Hydrogeological and Climatological Risks Perception in a Multi-Hazard Environment : The Case of Greece ». Water 11, n^o 9 (25 août 2019) : 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091770.

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Climate-related hazards, such as wildfires and hydrogeological phenomena, cause extensive damages and casualties around the world. Despite the recent advances and technologies for risk mitigation, it is acknowledged that public risk perception is a critical factor for these tools to succeed. Greece and the broader Eastern Mediterranean is an area where, despite the diversity of natural disasters, there is a lack of understanding of the hazard types that people are most concerned with and how they measure against other groups of hazards (i.e., geophysical). This work uses an online survey targeting Greek people, aiming to provide a better understanding of their perception of different natural hazards. Statistical results show that people consider climate-related hazards less dangerous and likely to occur than earthquakes, which occur often as zero-impact events. Laymen may thus underestimate certain risks, which may inhibit appropriate preparation. Disaster experience was found to increase threat perceptions and to motivate preparedness. However, in what concerns climate-related hazards, the effect of experience may fade out over time. Awareness activities were found to associate with higher emergency response efficacy. Males exhibit lower risk perception and higher coping appraisals. However, prioritization of risks is almost identical between genders. Implications for risk management are discussed.

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Gaprindashvili, Merab. « Geological Hazards in Tbilisi ». Works of Georgian Technical University, n^o 1(523) (25 mars 2022) : 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2022-1-129-150.

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Geological description of the capital of Georgia, Tbilisi, includes the history of its study, geological conditions, all statistical levels in the area and lithological composition with relevant graphic material. The tectonic, seismic, morphological and hydrogeological conditions of the study area are also presented. The main triggers/causes of geological hazards are presented in a separate subsection. The types of geological hazards (landslides, mudflows, rockfalls) spread within the territory of the capital are described in detail. The focus is on recent natural disasters that disrupted the normal rhythm of urban life, threatened the safe movement of traffic, deformed and destroyed many homes and infrastructure, and most regrettably caused loss of life. In the final chapter of the article, recommendations for protective measures are offered for each threat.

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Cowood, A. L., J. Young, T. I. Dowling, C. L. Moore, R. Muller, J. MacKenzie, M. Littleboy et A. T. Nicholson. « Assessing wetland climate change vulnerability for wetland management decision support using the hydrogeological landscape framework : application in the Australian Capital Territory ». Marine and Freshwater Research 70, n^o 2 (2019) : 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17302.

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The hydrogeological landscape (HGL) framework provides a landscape characterisation method that identifies areas of similar physical, hydrogeological, hydrological, chemical and biological properties, referred to as HGL units. The underlying principle of the HGL framework is that water distribution and movement is controlled by climate, landform, geology, regolith, soil and vegetation properties. By understanding the patterns of variability in the setting and controls of atmospheric, surface and groundwater systems for a given landscape, the developed HGL units, and associated landscape element-based management areas, can be used for hazard assessment and natural resource management centred on water availability, quality, sustainability and associated ecological systems. Existing wetland frameworks also demonstrate that it is the hydrogeomorphological or hydrogeological characteristics of the landscape that will determine the variability in water inputs and outputs for a wetland water balance, a principle shared with the HGL framework. It is therefore logical that HGL units and management areas can be used as planning units for wetland hazard assessment and management. This paper presents an assessment of climate change vulnerability for 1296 wetlands across the Australian Capital Territory using indicators representing current anthropogenic pressure, future ecological change and future hydrological change. The use of management areas for the hazard assessment allows understanding of the patterns of variability in the chosen indicators and hazard assessment outcomes specifically for the areas to be managed. This approach allows consideration of the landscape setting when identifying suitable locations to undertake on-ground management actions to address the hazards identified.

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Cucchi, A., I. Q. Valsecchi, M. Alberti, P. Fassi, M. Molari et G. Mannucci. « The alerting system for hydrogeological hazard in Lombardy Region, northern Italy : rainfall thresholds triggering debris-flows and "equivalent rainfall" ; method ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, n^o 1 (8 janvier 2015) : 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-269-2015.

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Abstract. The Functional Centre (CFMR) of the Civil Protection of the Lombardy Region, North Italy, has the main task of monitoring and alerting, particularly with respect to natural hazards. The procedure of early warning for hydrogeological hazard is based on a comparison of two quantities: thresholds and rainfall, both referred to a defined area and an exact time interval. The CFMR studied 52 landslide events (1987–2003) in Medium-Low Valtellina and derived a model of the critical detachment rainfall, in function of the local slope and the Curve Number CN (an empirical parameter related with the land cover and the hydrological conditions of the soil): it's physically consistent and allows a geographically targeted alerting. Moreover, rainfall thresholds were associated with a typical probability of exceedance. The processing of rainfall data is carried out through the "equivalent rainfall" method, that allows to take into account the antecedent moisture condition of the soil: in fact the hazard is substantially greater when the soil is near to saturation. The method was developed from the CN method and considers the local CN and the observed rainfall of the previous 5 days. The obtained value for the local equivalent rainfall, that combines rainfall (observed and forecasted) and local soil characteristics, is a better parameter for the evaluation of the hydrogeological hazard. The comparison between equivalent rainfall and thresholds allows to estimate the local hydrogeological hazard, displayed through hazard maps, and consequently to provide a reliable alerting activity (even localized to limited portions of the region).

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Monteleone, Salvatore, et Maria Sabatino. « Hydrogeological hazards and weather events : Triggering and evolution of shallow landslides ». International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2, n^o 2 (juin 2014) : 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2095-6339(15)30003-4.

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Gui, Herong, Manli Lin et Xiaomei Song. « Technical research on controlling major karst water hazards in China coalmines ». Water Practice and Technology 11, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2016) : 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.071.

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Karst water is one of the major water hazards in China coalmines, causing frequent mine flooding and sever human casualties. This article, starting out on the spatial relation between mining facility and karst aquifer, extensively illustrates the techniques to identify water burst risks in karst aquifer and field testing methods of key parameters; primary water hazards control techniques for specific mining conditions and hydrogeological properties, such as retaining water-resistant safety rock pillar, water draining and depressurizing, bottom aquifuge consolidation grouting and revamp. All achievements can be of reference to other coal-producing countries confronted with karst water hazards.

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Li, Tao, Jiarui Zhang, Ying Gao, Xinqi Cao, Hongyang Liu, Peng Zhang et Junwei Yang. « Hydrological Characteristics of Ordovician Karst Top in a Deep Region and Evaluation of Its Threat to Coal Mining : A Case Study for the Weibei Coalfield in Shaanxi Province, China ». Geofluids 2020 (25 août 2020) : 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7629695.

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Widely distributed in North China, Ordovician karst is characterized by having high thickness, nonuniform aquosity, and significant water pressure-bearing properties. Deep mining in North China is threatened by associated water hazards; hence, research on the hydrogeological characteristics of deep Ordovician karst is needed. In this study, the Weibei coalfield in Shaanxi Province, China, was selected as the study area, especially mines in the Hancheng and Chenghe mining areas. In situ experiments, including water pumping, water drainage, water injecting and water pressure, and laboratory experiments, were conducted to study the hydrogeological characteristics of the Ordovician karst top in the study area. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on controlling factors for the development of the Ordovician karst top in the study area, and a method for evaluating the water inrush risk in coal mining areas based on karst hydrogeological characteristics was proposed. The research results indicated that the Ordovician karst top in the study area was characterized by heterogeneity, vertical zonation, and partially filled properties, which were mainly controlled by two factors: sedimentation and tectonism. The hydrogeological conditions of the Ordovician karst could be divided into three types: nonfilled and nonsignificant tectonism, filled and nonsignificant tectonism, and significant tectonism. Among them, the filled and nonsignificant tectonism type Ordovician karst top type had a filling thickness of 20 m. Based on karst hydrogeological characteristics, the methods were proposed to evaluate the water inrush risk in the coal mining floor. The practical tests verified the methods.

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Tam, Vu Thanh, Nguyen Ngoc Ha et Ho Van Thuy. « Establishing 3D hydrogeological solid model and database for sustainable groundwater management in the Vietnam Mekong delta ». Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 63, n^o 4 (15 décembre 2021) : 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjste.63(4).86-94.

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The Vietnam Mekong delta (VMD) is a tide-dominated delta formed by the Mekong river system. The sediments are dominantly fine grained and were deposited in the receiving basin with slight inclination of pre-existing deposits in the East sea and gulf of Thailand. The VMD is homeland to about 18 million people that exploit about 4-6 million m3/day of groundwater mainly for domestic use. In recent years, significant groundwater depletion has been occurring in many parts of the VMD due to excessive pumping. Consequently, the VMD has become increasingly faced with serious land subsidence, salt groundwater intrusion, and contamination. Establishing a 3D hydrogeological solid model and database are sorely needed to achieve sustainable groundwater management, and to serve as a basis for further in-depth analyses to quantify contributions from the above-mentioned hazards to current hydrogeological conditions. Therefore, a 3D hydrogeological solid model and database were built based on more than 1000 well logs available from the VMD. An areal distribution of the Holocene, Pleistocene, Pliocene, and Late Miocene subsurfaces from this 3D hydrogeological solid model and database showed zones of tectonic depression and uplift from Early Miocene - Quaternary. Also, the resulting areal distribution aquitards and aquifers thicknesses gave hints of ground saltwater intrusion and contamination.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Hydrogeological hazards"

Katzer, Terry, et Kay Brothers. « Perils of Progress - Hydrogeological Hazards in Las Vegas Valley, Clark County, Nevada ». Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296423.

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From the Proceedings of the 1989 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 15, 1989, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada
The prehistoric Indian population in Las Vegas Valley found abundant water for their needs from springs flowing from the base of numerous fault scarps throughout the valley. The faults are generally considered to be compaction faults caused in part by subsidence resulting from dewatering aquifers as the climate became dry and warm during the interglacial periods of the Pleistocene. The valley's aquifers, for historical purposes, eventually reached steady state conditions which lasted through nearly the first half of this century. Urban growth then created a demand for water that was satisfied by overdrafting the ground-water system, which reactivated subsidence. Today, subsidence effects cover about 1,000-1,300 km² of the valley and the maximum vertical displacement is about 1.5 m. As the demand for water continued to increase with population, large imports from the Colorado River via Lake Mead provided abundant water, which helped create additional hazards: a rising shallow water table, resulting from over irrigating landscapes (secondary recharge), intersects land surface in places in the central and eastern part of the valley creating a hazard to structures and facilities; the potential increases in liquefaction; and, the potential for degradation of the deep aquifers from downward percolation of the poorer quality water from the shallow system.

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Le, Mignon Gwennou. « Analyse de scénarios de mouvements de versants de type glissements-coulées : application à la région de Barcelonnette (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France) ». Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENPC0001.

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Martinengo, Marta. « Improving some non-structural risk mitigation strategies in mountain regions : debris-flow rainfall thresholds, multi-hazard flooding scenarios and public awareness ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/353702.

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Hydrogeological hazards are quite diffuse rainfall-induced phenomena that affect mountain regions and can severely impact these territories, producing damages and sometimes casualties. For this reason, hydrogeological risk reduction is crucial. Mitigation strategies aim to reduce hydrogeological risk to an acceptable level and can be classified into structural and non-structural measures. This work focuses on enhancing some non-structural risk mitigation measures for mountain areas: debris-flow rainfall thresholds, as a part of an Early Warning System (EWS), multivariate rainfall scenarios with multi-hazard mapping purpose and public awareness. Regarding debris-flow rainfall thresholds, an innovative calibration method, a suitable uncertainty analysis and a proper validation process are developed. The Backward Dynamical Approach (BDA), a physical-based calibration method, is introduced and a threshold is obtained for a study area. The BDA robustness is then tested by assessing the uncertainty in the threshold estimate. Finally, the calibrated threshold's reliability and its possible forecast use are assessed using a proper validation process. The findings set the stage for using the BDA approach to calibrate debris-flow rainfall thresholds usable in operational EWS. Regarding hazard mapping, a multivariate statistical model is developed to construct multivariate rainfall scenarios with a multi-hazards mapping purpose. A confluence between a debris-flow-prone creek and a flood-prone river is considered. The multivariate statistical model is built by combining the Simplified Metastatistical Extreme Value approach and a copula approach. The obtained rainfall scenarios are promising to be used to build multi-hazard maps. Finally, the public awareness within the LIFE FRANCA (Flood Risk ANticipation and Communication in the Alps) European project is briefly considered. The project action considered in this work focuses on training and communication activities aimed at providing a multidisciplinary view of hydrogeological risk through the holding of courses and seminars.

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MILANI, Lisa. « Multi-sensor Satellite Precipitation Estimate for Hydrogeological Hazard Mitigation ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388795.

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High-impact meteorological events have in the last decade received increasing interest and considerable efforts are constantly undertaken to mitigate their effects on human activities and environment. Several projects addressing different aspects of the risk mitigation strategy have been financed in Europe, and PROSA (Prodotti di Osservazione Satellitare per l'Allerta Meteorologica - Satellite products for meteorological alert), funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), represents the Italian attempt to solve the meteorological side of the hazard mitigation scheme. It is devoted to design, develop, test and demonstrate a prototype system dedicated to the innovative dynamic characterization of meteorological parameters at the ground by means of satellite data. This work is part of PROSA and the main objective is the implementation and optimization of three di�erent satellite precipitation estimation algorithms. The algorithms are based on Artificial Neural Networks and correlate multi-sensors satellite data, in the Visible, Infrared (from the European Geostationary satellite Meteosat) and Microwave bands (from polar orbiting satellites), to the precipitation rate at ground. The ANNs are set up as classification problem and use rain-gauges data as true values of precipitation at the ground for the training, testing an validation of the techniques. The work is divided in three main steps: the first version of the algorithm gives a binary classification of satellite pixel as rain and no-rain classes, with seasonal and day-time characterization of the precipitation maps. The second version gives a quantitative estimate, classifying the rain-rate in five precipitation intervals. Finally, the last version provides precipitation maps with quantitative values expressed in mmh^-1, and also explicitly uses microwave data. To reach the main objective several sensitivity studies and intermediate goals have been pursued, in order to refine and tune the technique. The sensitivity to precipitation of the infrared channels with respect to the seasonal cycle and the impact of the visible channels on the estimates have been assessed. The relationship between the probability of precipitation, output of the neural network, and the rain-rate, as measured by rain-gauges, has been established for warm and cold months, and the optimal way to ingest in the algorithm the microwave estimates has been defined by analyzing the di�erent performances of microwave and visible-infrared techniques. Finally, the results have been critically discussed in comparison with other algorithms taking part of the PROSA system.

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Montalti, Roberto. « Regional scale satellite monitoring for hydrogeological risk reduction ». Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1238084.

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In the last decade satellite remote sensing has become an effective tool for monitoring geo-hazard-induced ground motions, and has been increasingly used by scientific community. Geo-hazards direct and indirect costs are currently rising, causing serious socio-economics and casualty losses. Therefore, creating a priority list turns out to be essential to highlight the most relevant ground deformations and to better focus the risk management practices at regional scale. The Sentinel-1 constellation, thanks to the 6-days repeatability and the free availability of the data, allows to easily update the geo-hazard-induced ground motions, compared to other kind of satellite sensors. In this PhD Thesis, the potentialities and drawbacks of the interferometric technique have been presented and then exploited to define three different procedures, applied in different environment and at different scales, for the use of multi-band PSI products. This thesis work represents the main outcome of a three yearslong activity at the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Florence, Centre technologic de telecomunicacions de Catalunya research center and TRE-Altamira (Barcelona). The main goal is to test and evaluate the potential and applicability of space-borne SAR data, processed by means of different PSI approaches, as operational tools for the characterization of geohazards in different geological and geomorphological environments. For this work, two Italian test areas at regional scale are been selected: Tuscany and Valle d’Aosta Regions. Furthermore a site at detailed scale was analyzed, the mining area of Saline di Volterra (Tuscany). The main goal of the thesis hinges on illustrating different methodologies that could be merged in one single workflow to detect active moving areas, characterize them in detail and cross-correlate the satellite data with ancillary information, implementing the obtained products and results in the Civil Protection chain and geohazard risk management. The proposed case studies were intended as examples, although referred to different environments and geohazards, for the working approaches to be used from regional to detailed scale. For the Tuscany Region, there were exploited Sentinel-1 images for active moving areas detection at regional scale. A hotspot-like methodology was used, exploiting the temporal repetitiveness of Sentinel-1 data analysed by means of the SqueeSAR algorithm to create deformation maps in three different periods with a 6 months update. Thanks to a filtering approach based on a velocity threshold, it was possible extract a total of 652 deformation clusters, divided in three different periods, to study their spatial and temporal evolution. The final output is a flexible geo-database that contains interferometric parameters, geographical, geomorphological and geological information, a brief evaluation of the possible triggering cause and information about the temporal evolution of the moving areas. For the Valle d’Aosta Region, it was used a clustering analysis applied to a large stack of Sentinel-1 satellite interferometric products that has been derived using the SqueeSAR algorithm. Valle d’Aosta Region is an alpine region characterized by a wide spectrum of mass wasting phenomena. The approach, based on simple GIS tools and indexes, allowed detecting 277 moving areas above the selected velocity threshold. Overall, landslides (complex, rotational, Deep Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation (DSGSD)), rock glacier evolution and detrital-related deformation are responsible for the detected motions. In mountainous areas, where the field data collection is sometimes limited or impossible, the presented approach is intended to create priority areas to be focused for further investigations. In this way, it is possible to increase, with reduced economic and personnel costs, the “landslide knowledge” of all the actors involved within the landslide risk management chain at regional scale. In this context, easily updatable clustering methodologies are very useful tools for MTInSAR data analysts; it is possible to obtain reliable results in a fast way and to compare them with previous results. Well knowing the limitations of the interferometric technique, especially in mountain regions, it is reasonable to rely on clustering approaches in order to derive multi-temporal synoptic views of ground motions over wide areas. For the Saline di Volterra case, it is presented a local scale application of multi-temporal satellite interferometry targeting a solution mining area in southern Tuscany. The surroundings of Saline di Volterra host several brine wells that pump water into a salt level at a depth ranging between 60 and 400 m below surface. The mining activity has a relevant environmental impact in terms of depletion of the water resources and in terms of ground motion, creating several sinkholes which were mapped through multi-temporal analysis of orthophotos. The deformation map, obtained through the analysis of Sentinel-1 images, revealed the presence of several subsidence bowls, sometimes corresponding to sinkholes formed in the recent past. The subsidence bowls have a common deformation pattern, with LOS velocities increasing forward the center of the bowl. The temporal evolution of the measurement points can vary a lot on case-basis. Finally, a correlation between LOS velocities and age of formation of sinkholes have been found. The Sentinel-1 images were processed with an ad hoc processing chain, elaborated in Centre Technologic Telecomunicacions Catalunya research center (Barcelona). With this new procedure, it was possible to detect fast deformation rates that are usually puzzling to solve in mining areas. This detailed scale and target-oriented approach demonstrated its capability to provide useful information in terms of density of measurement points and quality of the time series.

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Livres sur le sujet "Hydrogeological hazards"

Wilk, Z. Hydrogeological aspects of groundwater hazard in Polish underground mining. S.l : s.n, 1985.

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Amos, Ecker, et Makhon ha-geʼologi (Israel), dir. Geotechnical and hydrogeological concerns in developing the infrastructure around Jerusalem. Jerusalem : Geological Survey of Israel, 2007.

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Associates, Golder. FGD waste disposal at Nanticoke GS : Preliminary hydrogeological investigations. [Toronto] : Ontario Hydro, Design and Development Division--Generation, 1988.

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United States. Federal Aviation Administration et Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Barrow, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.

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M, Brekken Joshua, United States. Federal Aviation Administration et Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Kotzebue, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Geological Survey (U.S.) et United States. Federal Aviation Administration, dir. Environmental overview and hydrogeologic conditions at Aniak, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska : U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.

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Cowan, James R. Environmental overview and hydrogeologic conditions at Umiat, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska : U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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G, Raven K., dir. Hydrogeological characterization of the East Bull Lake research area. Saskatoon, Sask : Inland Waters/Lands Directorate, National Hydrology Research Institute, National Hydrology Research Centre, 1987.

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National Hydrology Research Institute (Canada). Hydrogeological characterization of the East Bull Lake research area. Ottawa : National Hydrology Research Institute, Inland Waters/Lands Directorate, Environment Canada, 1987.

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M, Dorava Joseph, United States. Federal Aviation Administration et Geological Survey (U.S.), dir. Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Yakutat, Alaska. Anchorage, Alaska : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Hydrogeological hazards"

Tang, Yiqun, Jie Zhou, Ping Yang, Jingjing Yan et Nianqing Zhou. « Hydrogeological Parameters Calculation ». Dans Springer Natural Hazards, 35–111. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0669-2_2.

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Batrak, G. I., I. A. Kostikova, I. A. Pozdnyakova, E. A. Karfidova et L. S. Toms. « Complications and Prospects of the Hydrogeological Substantiation of Drainage in Deep Tunnels ». Dans Natural Hazards and Risk Research in Russia, 9–16. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91833-4_2.

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Floris, Antonio, et Lucio Di Cosmo. « Protective Function and Primary Designated Management Objective ». Dans Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 469–502. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98678-0_11.

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AbstractIn a framework of multiple services supplied simultaneously by forests, the protection against natural hazards is one of the most important. Forests deliver conservation of natural resources, including soil and water, and other environmental services. They slow water dispersion and allow for infiltration and percolation of rainwater, which recharges soil and underground water storage. Forest cover, moreover, protects soil from wind and water erosion, avalanches and landslides. INFC collects a wide range of information related to the protective function of Italian wooded areas. This chapter shows estimates regarding such physical site characteristics, as slope, land position and aspect which, together with tree canopy coverage and terrain roughness, can condition the protective role of forests. Inventory statistics on terrain instability and hydrogeological constraint, as defined by national laws, are shown as well, the latter being a basis of most national and regional regulations on forest management. Finally, the presence of a primary designated management objective has been assessed with a particular focus on direct and indirect protection. Estimates on such attributes are shown in the last section of this chapter.

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Benvenuti, Marco, Cristina Bellini, Gianfranco Censini, Marta Mariotti-Lippi, Pasquino Pallecchi et Mario Sagri. « Floods, Mudflows, Landslides : Adaptation of Etruscan–Roman Communities to Hydrogeological Hazards in the Arno River Catchment (Tuscany, Central Italy) ». Dans Landscapes and Societies, 187–201. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9413-1_12.

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Di Benedetto, Alessandro, et Margherita Fiani. « Integration of LiDAR Data into a Regional Topographic Database for the Generation of a 3D City Model ». Dans Geomatics for Green and Digital Transition, 193–208. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17439-1_14.

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AbstractTo analyze the resilience of road infrastructures to natural and anthropic hazards, the spatial and descriptive data provided by the Italian National Topographic Data Base (NTDB) and the 3D data coming from the LiDAR data of the “Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare” (MATTM) can be used. The two datasets, having different nature, need to be properly joined. The aim of the work is the integration of the two datasets in a GIS environment for the 3D modelling of the anthropized territory and the optimization of the cartographic bases. On a test area, crossed by a network of linear infrastructures of great strategic importance and subjected to hydrogeological risk, an automated process has been implemented and tested in ArcGIS Desktop environment, to homogenize the data into the National Reference System. The planimetric component comes from the NTDB whereas the LiDAR data have been used to attribute the elevation to the extracted elements, to create the breaklines for a proper interpolation of the heights to build the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), to extract the height of the pitches of the buildings identified in the NTDB polygons, and finally to generate, filter and optimize the contour lines. The proposed workflow and the methodologies implemented also allowed the reconstruction of the volumes of each element involved (infrastructures and buildings) and to correct the altimetric aberrations present in the NTDB polygons.

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Garzilli, Francesca, Federica Vingelli et Valentina Vittiglio. « Shifting Risk into Productivity : Inclusive and Regenerative Approaches Within Compromised Contexts in Peri-Urban Areas ». Dans Regenerative Territories, 51–69. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78536-9_3.

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AbstractRecent international—UN-Habitat and European Environment Agency—and Italian reports have pointed out that urbanization is incessantly expanding at the expense of biodiversity and of rural lands. The radical growth of land consumption and change of land-use contribute to the increase of territorial risks and vulnerability. In particular, such phenomena are more visible within the peri-urban interface, considered as hybrid and malleable areas straddling between city and countryside realities. Even in the absence of a univocal definition, peri-urban is understood as a space where urban expansion occurs. Moreover, it emerges that such space also lacks local governance. Such uncertainty of form, identity and regulation catches the attention of a new urban agenda, which considers the peri-urban the most suitable place where to enact social, ecological and economic challenging changes. In this light, this paper aims to underline how peri-urban areas, although ecologically, socially and weak from a legislation point of view, constitute challenging territories to enact regenerative design and practices. In particular, new policies in sustainable agriculture are considered as potential solutions for the rapid soil consumption in Europe. Therefore, Campania region has been taken as our case study, because the region has a long history of agricultural practices and currently, it is closely linked to risk dynamics. It also represents an emblematic example for its innate exposure to natural hazards (related to its geological nature and geographical location), and for the ongoing man-made risks as causes of ecological and territorial damages. Moreover, land consumption in the region reached a record level in 2019, with 10% of agricultural land lost in a year (corresponding to 140,033 hectares). More than 70% of the consumed lands coincided with areas already exposed to natural hazards, both seismic and hydrogeological (Munafò, 2020). This paper assesses the results of an experimental application developed as part of the REPAiR (This research has been conducted within the framework of the European Horizon 2020 funded research “REPAiR: REsource Management in Peri-urban AReas: Going Beyond Urban Metabolism” [http://h2020repair.eu/]. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 688920. This article reflects only the author’s view. The Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains). Horizon 2020 European research project. We argue that the project results underline the relationship between the peri-urban interface and the soil regeneration through eco-innovative solutions. This has allowed us to link the spatial condition of the peri-urban with the production of waste and its subsequent recycle. This paper aims to further explore the research field experimented during REPAiR, expanding the materials available on the peri-urban and adding information with respect to the risk to which these places are linked.

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Erika, De Finis, Gattinoni Paola et Scesi Laur. « Forecasting the Hydrogeological Hazard in the Anomalous Basin-Fan System of Sernio (Northern Italy) ». Dans Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides, 1051–59. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53498-5_119.

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Testa, Stephen M. « Hydrogeologic Principles ». Dans Geological Aspects of Hazardous Waste Management, 101–43. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003070047-4.

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Petrucci, O., et M. Polemio. « Hydrogeological multiple hazard : a characterisation based on the use of historical data ». Dans Landslides, 269–74. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203749197-33.

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Porfido, S., G. Alessio, G. Gaudiosi, R. Nappi et E. Spiga. « Multidisciplinary approach for hydrogeologic hazard assessment in the territory of the Campania Region ». Dans Landslides and Engineered Slopes. Experience, Theory and Practice, 1667–74. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21520-207.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Hydrogeological hazards"

Perez, Adam L., BooHyun Nam, Manoj Chopra et Amr Sallam. « Understanding Florida’s Sinkhole Hazards : Hydrogeological Laboratory Study ». Dans Geotechnical Frontiers 2017. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480472.053.

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D Alpaos, Chiara. « MITIGATION OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL RISK : RANKING OF AREAS PRONE TO WATER-RELATED HAZARDS BY PRIORITY OF INTERVENTION ». Dans The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2022.049.

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« Landslide Hazardous Slope Arrays and their Hydrogeological Features ». Dans The Second Eurasian RISK-2020 Conference and Symposium. AIJR Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/abstracts.93.34.

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Shilova, A. V. « DEGREE OF HAZARD MANIFESTATION OF GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES DEPENDING ON THE GEOLOGICAL-HYDROGEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE ». Dans 14th SGEM GeoConference on SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOLOGY, EXPLORATION AND MINING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b12/s2.035.

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Peltoniemi, M., E. Laine, J. S. Mellet et P. Hänninen. « Geophysical and hydrogeological surveys of the Oitti Hazardous Spill Site, Southern Finland ». Dans 58th EAEG Meeting. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201409191.

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Gattinoni, Paola, et Laura Scesi. « FROM HYDROGEOLOGICAL HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TO RISK ASSESSMENT IN TUNNELLING : AN EXAMPLE IN NORTHERN ITALY ». Dans 20th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings 2020. STEF92 Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/1.1/s02.064.

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De Finis, Erika. « CONCEPTUAL AND NUMERICAL MODELLING FOR HYDROGEOLOGICAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT IN THE UNESCO SITE OF CASTELSEPRIO (NORTHERN ITALY) ». Dans 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/1.2/s02.021.

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Silvestri, Francesco, M. Battista, M. P. Colaiacomo, G. Forti, Nancy A. Minciotti, E. Mirgone, G. Morrone et al. « Assessment of hydrogeological hazard of the lower course of the Aniene River (Lazium, Italy) through remote sensing ». Dans Satellite Remote Sensing, sous la direction de Eugenio Zilioli. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.197294.

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Tataru, Dragos, Ciugudean-Toma Viorica et Dragos Toma-Danila. « TOWARD A NEW GEOLOGIC AND GEOPHYSICAL MODEL FOR BUCHAREST, ROMANIA, BASED ON STANDARDIZED AND INTEROPERABLE DATABASES ». Dans 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s05.066.

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In the past decades, the necessity for detailed earthquake microzonation studies was recognized for Bucharest city first because significant damage occurred here during the last major earthquakes, as well as for other densely populated cities in Romania exposed to major seismic risk due to the intermediate-depth earthquakes occurring in Vrancea zone and local site effects. Numerous studies established different approaches incorporating non-linearity analyses, which generally did not consider groundwater level changes. For this purpose, notably, numerical models are most suitable. These models require a good knowledge of the local geological conditions (especially of the uppermost unconsolidated units), information about the geotechnical parameters of these units, and a hydrogeological model of the investigated area. These models required first the construction of a robust database which should contain all the information about geological strata in the area down to at least 100 m depth or more. The database should include geology or geometric data of the layers and other geophysical and geotechnical related details like the characteristic density and average seismic velocity for each layer, as well as the water table variation in the area. All of them have proved to be important in a scientific assessment of the local seismic hazard according to the modern procedures able to have an output in the city's local seismic hazard (microzonation). Most of this information can be obtained from geotechnical investigations and surveys that have already been carried out in the most densely populated areas. In the last 25 years, a lot of valuable information has been gathered by different research institutes, and only part of them was made available through publication. Other parts of the dataset will be acquired beginning now, according to new methods designed not to disturb the daily activity in the city and to respect the green spaces and general environment. The present study aims to establish a numeric database, organized from all this information in a GIS environment, capable of giving an appropriate image of the Bucharest surface and shallow geologic layers until 100 � 150 m depth. Due to the rapid changing of physical properties on the surface and in-depth, it is required that we have verified values in a grid of 100 m x 100 m and with an error of +/- 1 m depth. The geologic layers database, together with the database of the static and dynamic properties of the sedimentary rocks, that is already accomplished, will serve as valuable input for further studies aiming at a thorough quantification of local seismic hazard in Bucharest city.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Hydrogeological hazards"

Rumynin, V. G., V. A. Mironenko, P. K. Konosavsky et S. A. Pereverzeva. Development of hydrogeological modelling approaches for assessment of consequences of hazardous accidents at nuclear power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), juillet 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10114729.

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Description and hydrogeologic evaluation of nine hazardous-waste sites in Kansas, 1984-86. US Geological Survey, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri884015.

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Hydrogeologic framework and simulation of shallow ground-water flow in the vicinity of a hazardous-waste landfill near Pinewood, South Carolina. US Geological Survey, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri934185.

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