Thèses sur le sujet « Hybrid trap »

This thesis describes the progress made in trapping and cooling silica nanoscale particles, in a hybrid electro-optical trap. The light field of a high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity and the quadrupole field generated by an rf Paul trap are used for the first time to both trap and cool naturally charged 209 nm dielectric nanospheres in high vacuum. Particles are first loaded into the Paul trap at pressures of 10^-1 mbar, after which their centre-of-mass motion is damped via optomechanical cooling, as the pressure is lowered to 10^-6 mbar. The combined ion trap-optical cavity set-up exposes an interesting interplay between the ion trap dynamics and the cavity mode which lead to a novel optomechanical cooling mechanism of a cyclic nature. This eliminates the need for a second, dedicated cooling mode from the cavity, or feedback cooling in order to cool the levitated particles to the ground state. At the same time, we identify a previously unobserved shift of the Paul trap secular frequencies due to the optical cavity, which enables readout of key parameters, such as the nanoparticles charge and the mean number of photons in the cavity. The dynamical features of the levitated particle, driven by linear and nonlinear optomechanical coupling, are observed through the cavity output, as well as the light scattered by the particle. As the background pressure is lowered, we observe greater than 1000 fold reduction in the centre-of-mass temperature of particles, before temperatures fall below the read-out sensitivity of the set-up.

The capability of the QqQLit hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer to profile endogenous metabolites has been assessed by the analysis of three different families of metabolites; nucleotides from bacteria and N-acyl ethanolamines and N-acyl glycerols from rat tissues. Mass spectrometry methods were developed based on employing a survey scan, either precursor ion or neutral loss, coupled with full product ion spectra. This approach identified families of metabolites with a common structural core and provided the structural information for the reliable identification of known and unknown metabolites. By targeting structural similarities, this approach has opened the window of metabolites that can be profiled beyond the constraints of available references standards. A method to profile phosphate containing endogenous metabolites, particularly nucleotide metabolites, was based on the identification of the phosphate moiety following collision induced dissociation. Employing a precursor ion scan, this approach was successfully applied to the analysis of nucleotides in bacterial samples Escherichia coli MG 1655 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A more comprehensive profile of nucleotides was observed compared to targeted approaches. Furthermore, a considerable number of additional analytes were identified which were unlikely to be nucleotides and probably result from other endogenous phosphate containing metabolites, demonstrating the scope of the approach outside nucleotides alone. The use of this methodology was also successful in the profiling ofN-acyl ethanolamines and N-acyl glycerols. Targeting core structures common to each family of metabolite, the ethanolmine and glycerol moiety, precursor ion and neutral loss survey scans were successfully employed in identifying a wider number of these metabolites in various rat tissues than previously reported. The profile of rat testi was notably different from other tissues investigated due to the presence of MAG and NAB C22:5; analytes not detected in other tissues by this method. Furthermore, as far as it can be ascertained, MAG C22:5 has not been previously reported in rat tissues. A quantitative method based on precursor ion - product ion transitions was developed based on the NABs and MAGs identified by the survey scans. By employing this method to analyze various rat tissues harvested immediately after death and five hours post mortem, quantitative data was obtained not only for a broad range of NABs and MAGs at basal levels but also an insight into postmortem changes of these analytes.

Hybrid trap experiments are set-ups that allow to study the interaction between ions and atoms in cold controlled environment. In such context, molecular anions present specific theoretical and experimental interests and challenges. In this work, we have used extensive \textit{ab initio} methods to investigate several collisional anionic systems: (1) M + OH$^{-}$ (where M are alkali or alkaline earth atoms), (2) Rb and H + OH(H$_{2}$O)$_{n}^{-}$ (with $n=0,1,2,3,4$) and (3) Rb and Li + C$_{2}^{-}$. Several molecular properties such as vertical detachment energies or electroaffinities, optimized structures, harmonic frequencies, potential energy curves or surfaces, etc have been calculated using high level quantum chemistry approaches. The results have been used to make predictions on the related reactivity in low energy regime. We emphasis on electronic detachment processes by carefully analysing the difference between the neutral and anionic potential energy surface. The Rb + OH$^{-}$ system is currently under experimental investigation. Therefore, a detailed study of its reactivity is carried out in the present work. We have analysed the different reactive channels arising from both collision involving the ground state and first electronic excited state of Rb. Using our calculated potentials and a capture model based dynamics, we have extracted cross sections and rate constants. Comparison with other alkali and earth alkaline atoms are made. Hydrated hydroxide cluster anions are planned by the experimental group as upcoming studied systems. We present here our preliminary results on the possible outcome when considering collisions with Rb and we discuss their implications for hybrid trap experiments. We make comparison with H as a colliding partner and consider our results in the context of astrochemistry. Finally we propose the C$_{2}^{-}$ molecular anion as an alternative to OH$^{-}$. Its interaction and reactivity with Rb and Li are investigated and the results are used to motivate our suggestion. Furthermore, for the Rb+OH$^{-}$ and Rb+C$_{2}^{-}$ system, we have also investigated the effect of a non-thermal collision energy distribution on the rate constants. At last, in light of the discussions related to each topic, general conclusions on the use of molecular anions in hybrid trap experiments are drawn.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

An LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to be used as a stability indicating assay for the study of a 3 mg/mL lansoprazole oral suspension. The method utilizes a UPLC (ultra-performance liquid chromatography) column and unique mass spectrometric detection (ion-trap time-of-flight (IT-TOF)) to achieve a sensitive (LOD 2 ng/mL), accurate, and reproducible quantification of lansoprazole. This method reports an intraday and interday coefficient of variation of 2.98 ± 2.17% ( for each concentration for each day) and 3.07 ± 0.89% ( for each concentration), respectively. Calibration curves (5–25 μg/mL) were found to be linear with an value ranging from 0.9972 to 0.9991 on 4 different days. Accuracy of the assay, expressed as % error, ranged from 0.30 to 5.22%. This method is useful for monitoring the stability of lansoprazole in oral suspension.

Les Pérovskites hybrides organique-inorganique (PHOIs) ont suscité d’intenses recherches au coursdes dernières années. Dans cette thèse, nous avons dans un premier temps mis au point les différentsprocessus de préparation des échantillons et réalisé une caractérisation complète des films parmicroscopie à force atomique, spectroscopie photo-électronique par rayons X, mesure du potentiel desurface par sonde de Kelvin et mesure de la mobilité des charges par temps de vol. La distribution despièges à l'interface PHOI/Au a été étudiée via des mesure J-V-L en fonction de la températurecombinées avec des simulations numériques. Les relaxations diélectriques dans les PHOIs, tels que lamigration des ions et l’orientation du dipôle du cation organique, ont été étudiés par spectroscopied’impédance en fonction de la température. Dans la dernière partie de cette thèse, nous présentons uneétude originale qui démontre un mouvement des protons du groupement ammonium des cationsorganiques à l’interface avec le PEDOT : PSS
Hybrid-organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have provoked intense research over the recent years.In this thesis, we contribute to this investigation by first examining the results of different solutionpreparation processes, followed by characterizing the films using atomic force microscopy, X-raydiffraction, ultra-violet photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Kelvin probesurface potential measurement, and time-of-flight mobility measurement. The state distribution of theHOIP/Au interface was then studied by low temperature J–V–L measurement combined withnumerical simulation. In the process of these characterizations, it became clear that the dielectricrelaxations in HOIPs, such as ion migration and organic cation dipole orientation, play an importantrole in the material, and the next part of the thesis presents an analysis of these mechanisms with thehelp of temperature dependent impedance spectroscopy measurement. These studies built thefoundations for the final part of the thesis, where we investigated a so far elusive subject in HOIPs, themigration of protons

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der theoretischen Beschreibung eines Hybridsystems eines ultrakalten neutralen Atoms und eines einzelnen Ions. Diese Hybrid-Atom-Ion-Systeme verbinden die wichtigsten Vorteile von ultrakalten neutralen Atomen und Ionen. Neutrale Atome sind leicht skalierbar vor allem und können in großen Stückzahlen vorbereitet werden, wahrend gefangene Ionen über längere Zeiten gelagert werden können und leicht kontrollierbar sind. Einige der vorgeschlagenen Aussichten der hybriden Quantensysteme umfassen die sympathische Kühlung von eingefangenen Ionen, die ultrakalte Chemie, das Quantum Informationsverarbeitung, und Atom-Ionen-Quantensimulatoren. Diese Anwendungen erfordern eine äußerst präzise Steuerung und damit eine sehr genaue theoretische Modellierung. Eine neue Methode, die eine vollständige sechsdimensionale Behandlung von zwei Partikeln ermöglicht In räumlich getrennten dreidimensionalen Fangpotentialen wurde entwickelt. Indem man die raumliche Verschiebung zwischen den Einfangpotentialen erlaubt, ist es möglich, die gesteuerte Bewegung eines einzelnen Ions durch ein optisches Gitterpotential zu beschreiben, das mit neutralen Atomen gefüllt ist. Die Wechselwirkung zwischen dem neutralen Atom und dem geladenen Ion wird durch eine realistische Born-Oppenheimer Potentialkurve beschrieben. Eines der hier diskutierten Hybridsysteme ist 7Li2+ Isotop, das mit der neu entwickelten Methode untersucht wird, dabei wurden vermiedene Kreuzungen im Energiespektrum zwischen molekularen Zuständen und den Schwingungszuständen des Fallenpotentials als Funktion des Abstandes zwischen den beide Fallen beobachtet. Diese vermiedenen Kreuzungen bestatigen die bereits vorhergesagten falleninduzierten Resonanzen, die mithilfe der Quantendefekttheorie bestimmt wurden. Ebenfalls werden die erst kürzlich entdeckten inelastischen falleninduzierten Resonanzen in ultrakalten Atomen auch in den Atom-Ion Systemen beobachtet.
This thesis deals with the theoretical description of a hybrid system of an ultracold neutral atom and a single ion. These hybrid atom-ion systems combine the key advantages of ultracold neutral atoms and ions. In particular, neutral atoms are easily scalable and can be prepared in large numbers, while trapped ions can be stored for much longer times and are easy to control. Some of the proposed prospects of the hybrid quantum systems include sympathetic cooling of trapped ions, ultracold chemistry, quantum information processing, and atom-ion quantum simulators. These applications require extremely precise control and thus very accurate theoretical modeling. A new method that allows for a full 6-dimensional treatment of two particles in spatially separated 3-dimensional trapping potentials was developed. By allowing for the spatial displacement between the trapping potentials, it is possible to describe the controlled motion of a single ion through an optical-lattice potential filled with neutral atoms. The interaction between the neutral atom and the ion is modeled using realistic Born-Oppenheimer potential curves from ab initio quantum chemistry calculations. An application of the developed approach to the hybrid atom-ion system reveals avoided crossings between the molecular bound states and the unbound trap states as a function of the separation between the two traps. These avoided crossings correspond to trap-induced resonances. This finding confirms the trap-induced resonances predicted earlier based on quantum-defect-theory calculations. Also, the recently found inelastic confinement-induced resonances in ultracold neutral atoms are demonstrated to be present in atom-ion systems. These resonances arise due to the coupling between the center-of-mass and relative motions. The inelastic confinement-induced resonances could be used in coherent molecular ion formation and in the determination of atom-ion scattering properties like the scattering lengths.

The cyclic nitrone 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), and the lesser known linear phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) and its phosphorylated analogues have been used as spin traps for the investigation of free radicals in biological systems. Theoretical work on these molecules suggests that there are important differences in their properties between biological systems and isolated molecules in the gas phase, most likely resulting from intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Most dielectric solvation models such as the polarized continuum model and COSMO are incapable of direct determination of solvent-spin trap chemical interactions. To examine this, hybrid models incorporating COSMO for long range effects and discrete solvent molecules for short range effects, at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory, have been used to study the stabilization and alteration of the spin trap molecules properties in protic and aprotic polar solvents. The hybrid models have been successfully implemented to support the prominent role played by hydrogen bonding interactions in the stabilization of spin traps.

Turbulence appears in most natural and man-made flows. However, the analysis of turbulence is particularly difficult. Links between microscopic fluid dynamics and statistical signatures of turbulence appear unobtainable from the postulates of fluid dynamics making turbulence one of the most important unsolved theoretical problems in physics. Two-dimensional quantum turbulence (2DQT), an emerging field of study, involves turbulence in two-dimensional (2D) flows in superfluids, such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). In 2D superfluids, a turbulent state can be characterized by a disordered distribution of numerous vortex cores. The question of how to effectively and efficiently generate turbulent states in superfluids is a fundamental question in the field of quantum turbulence. Therefore, experimental studies of vortex nucleation and the onset of turbulence in a superfluid are important for achieving a deeper understanding of the overall problem of turbulence. My PhD dissertation involves the study of vortex nucleation and the onset of turbulence in quasi-2D BECs. First, I discuss experimental apparatus advancements that now enable BECs to be created in a hybrid optical-magnetic trap, an atom trapping configuration conducive to 2DQT experiments. Next, I discuss the design and construction of a quantum vortex microscope and initial vortex detection tests. Finally, I present the first experiments aimed at studying 2DQT carried out in the updated apparatus. Thermal counterflow in superfluid helium, in which the normal and superfluid components flow in opposite directions, is known to create turbulence in the superfluid. However, this phenomenon has not been simulated or studied in dilute-gas BECs as a possible vortex nucleation method. In this dissertation, I present preliminary data from the first experiments aimed at understanding thermal counterflow turbulence in dilute-gas BECs.

The assigned territory is situated in the City of Brno, in the city district of Židenice. From the west it is limited by the railway track Brno-Židenice, from the east by Koperníkova Street, from the north by Lazaretní Street and finally from the south by Bubeníčkova Street. Its area is approximately 45, 480 m2 which is 4,55 ha. From the urban perspective it is an intensive development in a separated block of the city with a protection zone. Total area is permeated by a few lines for pedestrians. The pedestrian zone provides better permeability of the area and better accessibility of the trade parterre. The buildings connect to surrounding development and respect the density of the integrity of the area. Intensive housing structure is regarded as "the city of short distance". The achievement of high density of housing development combines lots of various functions and relatively small built-up surface. While high-quality environment is preserved, people can find job oportunities in the intensive housing development without the need for transport. For achievement conception of compact city applies space urban planning. The shape of the estate directly impacted the principle of the proposal together with the city planning context of the current buildings. In the protective zone there is established a huge park with water reservoirs. The walk-through trade parterre is filled with many various functions, on its walkable roof is created a semi-public zone with skylights and freely introduced verdure. On the walkable roof there are independent blocks of apartments and public facilities. In the northern and southern corner are located public-service utilities and in the middle of this area there is a nursery and a kindergarden. In structural terms the building it is about cast-in-place concrete reinforced frame based on a white concrete foundation which has one underground level and five above-ground levels.

Tese de mestrado, Química Farmacêutica e Terapêutica, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2017
Infectious diseases caused by viruses, parasites and bacteria are currently the second cause of mortality worldwide. One of these parasites is Leishamania spp., which is the protozoa responsible for leishmaniasis. Although, considered the ninth largest infectious disease burden worldwide, is still one of the most neglected tropical disease. Leishmaniasis has three main syndromes, which can range in severity from a relatively benign, self-limiting cutaneous form, to a potentially fatal systemic illness, known as visceral leishmaniasis. While cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most widespread on a global scale, visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe and lethal form of the disease. Another important tropical disease is malaria, caused by Plasmodium spp. protozoan parasite and transmitted by a female infected Anopheles mosquito tropical disease. The control of both diseases still relies on chemotherapy, but the armamentarium currently used have their use limited due to several adverse effects, elevated cost, lack of efficacy, and appearance of resistant parasites. Additionally, there is no effective vaccine to fight either leishmaniasis or malaria. For these reasons, the search for new therapeutic approaches are urgent. Endoperoxides are known to be reductively activated by iron(II)-heme to form carbon centered radicals and reactive oxygen species which can generate oxidative stress inside parasites. Both, Leishmania and Plasmodium require high levels of iron at critical steps of their life cycle, and therefore, these compounds could be promising to the design and discovery of new drugs, since this hybrid compounds can act by a dual mechanism and thus can be more effective than single drugs. In this thesis it is proposed the development of endoperoxide-based hybrid compounds which can generate oxidative stress inside the parasite and alkylate biomolecules essential to the parasite survival, and at the same time can deliver an , -unsaturated compound able to inhibit essential enzymes to the parasite. The synthetic route occurs in two steps. First, an aldehyde or ketone is treated with formic acid and hydrogen peroxide to give the intermediate gem-dihydroperoxide. Then, trans-cinnamaldehyde and Re2O7 are added to complete conversion into 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane. In this study, seven novel tetraoxanes were synthesized and fully characterized. In addition, the activation in biomimetic conditions was performed using FeBr2, being the reaction followed by HPLC. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiparasitic activity.
As doenças infeciosas causadas por vírus, parasitas e bactérias são atualmente a segunda maior causa de mortalidade a nível mundial. Um desses parasitas é a Leishmania spp., protozoário responsável pela leishmaniose. Esta doença é atualmente considerada a nona maior doença infeciosa a nível mundial já que afeta cerca de 12 milhões de pessoas em praticamente todos os continentes (Europa, África, América e Ásia). Apesar disso, o interesse por parte da indústria farmacêutica é diminuto sendo classificada como uma doença negligenciada. Encontra-se difundida tanto em áreas tropicais como em áreas subtropicais sendo considerada endémica em 98 países, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Esta doença afeta principalmente as populações mais pobres, em países em vias de desenvolvimento e é responsável por cerca de 30 000 mortes por ano, números que têm vindo a aumentar a um ritmo alarmante. A leishmaniose pode causar um amplo espectro de patologias em humanos, as quais podem variar em severidade desde uma forma relativamente benigna da doença, porém limitante, designada por leishmaniose cutânea, passando por uma variante que consiste num desfiguramento facial, como acontece na leishmaniose mucocutânea, podendo mesmo chegar a uma patologia potencialmente fatal, a leishmaniose visceral. A leishmaniose cutânea é a forma mais comum da doença, sendo que em cada 1,3 milhões de casos totais que surgem anualmente, 1 milhão são referentes à leishmaniose cutânea e apenas 0,3 milhões são relativos à leishmaniose visceral. Esta última, apesar de ser uma forma menos frequente da doença é a mais severa, podendo conduzir à morte se não for devidamente tratada. A leishmaniose mucocutânea representa a forma mais destrutiva da doença. Existem mais de 20 espécies de Leishmania consideradas infeciosas para o ser humano, entre elas estão a L. donovani, L. infantum, L. siamensis, L. braziliensis e L. guyanensis. A leishmaniose é transmitida através da picada de uma "sandfly" fêmea infetada pelo parasita, que normalmente pertence ao género Lutzomia no "Novo Mundo" (América Central e do Sul) e do género Phlebotomus no "Velho Mundo" (Europa, África e Ásia). Uma outra doença tropical é a malária cuja infeção é causada por parasitas do género Plasmodium spp., transmitidos aos humanos através da picada de um mosquito fêmea infetado pertencente ao género Anopheles. Existem seis espécies do parasita capazes de infetar humanos, tais como o P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, P. ovale wallikeri e P. knowlesi. De entre estas espécies o P. falciparum é a que origina a forma mais perigosa e fatal da malária e, em conjunto com o P. vivax são as espécies mais comuns. A malária é uma doença tropical que representa um dos problemas públicos mais preocupantes, já que, de acordo com a OMS, existem cerca de 212 milhões de novos casos por ano que conduzem a aproximadamente 430 000 mortes anuais, sendo que a maioria ocorre em África e em crianças com menos de cinco anos de idade. Para estas duas doenças tropicais a realidade é a mesma, já que não existem vacinas eficientes e o seu controlo encontra-se limitado ao uso de quimioterapia e à prevenção. Infelizmente, a quimioterapia atualmente utilizada para ambas as doenças é a mesma desde há várias décadas, por isso, o seu uso também se encontra limitado devido ao aparecimento de resistências, e ainda devido aos diversos efeitos secundários e ao seu elevado custo. Todas estas razões conduzem a uma procura urgente de novos agentes terapêuticos. É importante que as novas alternativas terapêuticas, para além de eficazes, sejam economicamente acessíveis, uma vez que estas doenças afetam principalmente os países em vias de desenvolvimento. Neste contexto surgem os endoperóxidos, que são uma família de compostos capazes de serem redutivamente ativados pelo ferro (II), levando à formação de espécies reativas de oxigénio, radicais centrados no carbono e compostos carbonílicos. Assim, os endoperóxidos podem atuar por diferentes mecanismos de ação. Por um lado, estes compostos têm a capacidade de aumentar o stress oxidativo dentro do parasita, podem ainda alquilar biomoléculas essenciais para a sobrevivência dos parasitas. Por outro lado, se se libertar o composto carbonílico , -insaturado, pode reagir como aceitador de Michael levando à inibição de enzimas necessárias à sobrevivência dos parasitas. Deste modo, estes compostos podem ser utilizados contra qualquer agente infecioso que disponha de elevadas concentrações de ferro em pontos críticos do seu ciclo de vida, tal como acontece com os parasitas dos géneros Leishmania e Plasmodium. Seguindo esta linha de raciocínio, nesta tese é reportada a síntese de uma pequena biblioteca de novos compostos 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanos que são capazes de atuar através de um mecanismo de dupla ação, uma vez que, após a ativação pelo ferro (II), irá formarse uma espécie radicalar, aumentando o stress oxidativo. Ao mesmo tempo, liberta-se uma molécula carbonílica , -insaturada, neste caso o trans-cinamaldeído, capaz de inibir a tripanotiona redutase (TR) no caso da Leishmania, e a falcipaína no caso do P. falciparum. Estas enzimas desempenham papéis cruciais nos parasitas, a TR participa na defesa antioxidante do parasita Leishmania, enquanto que a falcipaína é uma das enzimas presente no vacúolo digestivo do Plasmodium responsável pela hidrólise da hemoglobina. Estes 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanos são preparados com recurso a uma síntese em dois passos. No primeiro passo, os aldeídos ou cetonas reagem com ácido fórmico e com peróxido de hidrogénio dando origem ao intermediário gem-dihidroperóxido. O segundo passo usa o óxido de rénio (VII) como catalisador, para formar um complexo com o trans-cinamaldeído, que posteriormente é adicionado ao intermediário de modo a permitir a conversão no produto final 1,2,4,5-tetraoxano. Deste modo, o transcinamaldeído foi escolhido como segundo reagente por ser um composto alfa,beta-insaturado, podendo ser um potencial inibidor das enzimas TR e falcipaína. Assim, conseguiram-se sintetizar e purificar sete novos compostos híbridos (21-27) baseados na estrutura tetraoxano com rendimentos moderados a bons. Estes compostos foram ainda caracterizados utilizando-se técnicas de ressonância magnética nuclear, nomeadamente RMN 1H, RMN 13C, COSY, APT, HMQC e HMBC. De modo a confirmar a ativação pelo ferro (II) e a consequente libertação do composto , -insaturado, os compostos foram estudados em condições biomiméticas na presença de brometo de ferro (II), seguindo-se a reação por HPLC. Com estes estudos confirmou-se que o trans-cinamaldeído é libertado na presença de brometo ferroso, confirmando-se que o ferro (II) consegue ativar eficientemente esta classe de compostos. Todos os compostos apresentaram tempos de semi-vida curtos, o que indica que são rapidamente ativados pelo ferro (II). Estes estudos foram uma prova de conceito que mostraram que o composto carbonílico alfa,beta-insaturado é rapidamente libertado após a ativação dos tetraoxanos pelo ferro (II), sugerindo que estes endoperóxidos poderão ter comportamentos semelhantes in vivo. A capacidade antiparasitária dos tetraoxanos sintetizados foi avaliada para a malária e para a leishmaniose. Relativamente à malária, os compostos demonstraram ser moderadamente ativos, revelando melhores valores de inibição na gama do sub- M para a estirpe Dd2 do Plasmodium falciparum. A atividade dos compostos foi ainda testada para a forma promastigota de Leishmania donovani, porém, devido a problemas de solubilidade, nenhum dos compostos revelou atividade.

Rye grass are common considered optimum grass species for intensive agriculture in area with sufficient rainfall, because they provide a high production of quality forage. Unfortunately, they have lack of resistance to abiotic stresses. With heed to the progress climate change, when these stresses will increase, we are looking for genes from better-adapted species of Festuca. Target features are better use of nitrogen and water to attainment high production of forage, increased tolerance to drought and ability rooting compacted layers of soil. These targets lead to research on growth of roots, which are to fulfil the above written targets in award. Following the research of M. Humphreys we are focused on detailed monitoring root growth of three species xFestulolium and their parent species in the early stages of development in our research. They were tested following grasses: Festuca arundinacea (cv. KORA), Festuca pratensis (cv. PRONELA), Lolium multiflorum (cv. MORAVICE) and xFestulolium (cv. HYKOR, HOSTYN and PRIOR). The chosen the method of cultivation in cylinder with sand in outdoor conditions with fertilization in two doses, corresponding to a total 80 kg N/ha. The experiment was performed in two terms: 21. 5. when 23. 7. 2015 and 21. 9. when 11. 12. 2015. In the first term, growth was limited by high temperatures. In the second term were limiting the contrary low temperatures, especially at the end of vegetation. The evaluated parameters were: maximum depth of rooting, total dry root biomass, total root length, root surface, root volume, the ratio R/S, the dry weight of aboveground biomass, maximum height aboveground biomass, number of tillers, number developed leaves, surfaces of the leaves and root length in individual thickness categories. The length, surface and volume of roots with flat leaves, were evaluated through image analysis scans in program WinRHIZO (Regent Instruments, Canada). In most parameters it was the best Lolium multiflorum MORAVICE with xFestulolium HOSTYN. The differences between them are in most of parameters statistically insignificant (outside the maximum depth of root and flat of leaves, where MORAVICE achieved significantly higher values). Anticipated advantages relating to the growth of strong and deep roots in this experiment did not show. The supposed main reason for the termination of the experiment in the early stage of development.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
106
This paper proposes a hybrid model of aspect-oriented sentiment prediction which integrates tensor factorization (TF) and sentiment utility logistic model (SULM). First, using sentiment dictionary words as seeds, the aspect or opinion words can be extended iteratively through double propagation. Accordingly, the users’ reviews could be represented as the features in user-item-aspect space, in which prediction model could be built. Various combinations of the hybrid model were proposed and evaluated on the Chinese reviews on places of interest at Taiwan Yilan from TripAdvisor. Experimental results show that the hybrid model can achieve better prediction performance than TF or SULM. The hybrid model also outperforms either TF or SULM while handling new user’s cold-start problem.

The work presented in this thesis concerns the study of quantum many-body physics by making use Bose-Einstein condensates loaded in optical lattices potentials. The first part describes the development of a new experimental strategy for the production of the degenerate atomic sample, the second part concerns the optimal control ground state production and the entanglement characterization on a systems of interacting Bosons across the superfluid - Mott insulator quantum phase transition, and the third part illustrates the study of the dynamical properties of an array of 1D gases performed via Bragg spectroscopy.

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies
Wetland is one of the most valuable ecological systems in nature. Wetland habitat is a set of comprehensive information of wetland distribution, wetland habitat types are essential to wetland management programs. Maps of wetland should provide sufficient detail, retain an appropriate scale and be useful for further mapping and inventory work (Queensland wetland framework). Remotely sensed image classification techniques are useful to detect vegetation patterns and species combination in the inaccessible regions. Automated classification procedures are conducted to save the time of the research. The purpose of the research was to develop a hierarchical classification approach that effectively integrate ancillary information into the classification process and combines ISODATA (iterative self-organizing data analysis techniques algorithm) clustering, Maximum likelihood and rule-based classifier. The main goal was to find out the best possible combination or sequence of classifiers for typically classifying wetland habitat types yields higher accuracy than the existing classified wetland map from Landsat ETM data. Three classification schemes were introduced to delineate the wetland habitat types in the idea of comparison among the methods. The results showed the low accuracy of different classification schemes revealing the fact that image classification is still on the way toward a fine proper procedure to get high accuracy result with limited effort to make the investigation on sites. Even though the motivation of the research was to apply an appropriate procedure with acceptable accuracy of classified map image, the results did not achieve a higher accuracy on knowledge-based classification method as it was expected. The possible reasons are the limitation of the image resolution, the ground truth data requirements, and the difficulties of building the rules based on the spectral characteristics of the objects which contain high mix of spectral similarities.