Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Humanistic philology »

Drawing on writings of the German Romantic tradition, Werner Hamacher’s aphoristic Minima Philologica develops a philosophy of philology, one operating without the control mechanisms of instrumentalized thought but not without internal rigor. Hamacher conceives philology as an art of (slow) reading bound to the spirit of experiment and linguistic play. Versed in the conventions and operations of literature in order to do it justice, philology nevertheless speaks in another voice, one more ascetic and conjectural. Having broken with the positivism of the Alexandrian tradition of philologia, this other philology plays the trickster in humanistic disciplines. Its task today is twofold: to unmask the industrial manufacture of language, complicit as it is with hostility to the word; and, as remedy for reification, to reawaken the philia in philology by cultivating—with historically informed critical vigilance—the power of affect, the mimetic power, in language and discourse.

Form Said to Philology and Back Again The article presents the relationship between Edward W. Said’s thoughts and a specific philological tradition in the context of the reception of postcolonial theory in the area of Polish literary research. The author demonstrates that philology in the sense given by Said can support postcolonial studies as well as constitute an inspiring tradition for contemporary literary studies. In the first part of the article the author presents how the attitude of the American humanist to philology was changing. In Orientalism, Said criticizes Renan’s scientist practice, but in all his works he highly values this discipline and perceives it as an emancipatory, humanistic activity that transcends the dynamics of knowledge and power. Author of the article shows that the concepts of Giambattista Vico and Erich Auerbach are extremely important for the Palestinian-American critic. The next part of the article presents that Said uses methods characteristic of philology in his works, often in spite of the methodological declarations attributed to him (discourse theory).

The publication notes that in today's informational society the role of language and fiction is increasing. This leads to a significant increase in the future philology teachers education. Therefore, it is an urge to identify and understand these requirements. The aim of the article is to identify and analyze the basic requirements for the training of modern philology teachers in the national high school, based on the analysis of scientific literature and standard sources. To achieve this goal, a set of different research methods was used: theoretical – the analysis of standard documents and pedagogical literature, generalization, comparison of experts' conclusions on the basic requirements for the future philology teachers education; empirical - interviews, surveys of school administration representatives and experienced philology teachers to clarify their points of view. Based on the analysis of standard documents (Law on Education, National Doctrine of Education Development in Ukraine, National Strategy for the Education Development in Ukraine until 2021) and scientific works of multiple scientists (O. Zabolotskaya, I. Klak, O. Semenog and others .) it is concluded that in the process of professional future philology teachers education is necessary to ensure their formation as competent teachers who master innovative methodology of teaching the language and literature based on the usage of computer technologies, are creative personalities, holders of high moral and linguistic culture and humanistic values, who show the need for constant professional and personal self-improvement, and as a consequence - are able to successfully fulfill their professional functions and creatively perform their assigned professional tasks, in particular to form the key and subject competence of the students. These requirements should be taken into account in the educational process of the pedagogical institution of higher education. Within further scientific research it is supposed to theoretically substantiate and develop own methodology of future teachers of philological subjects education according to modern requirements.

Attention to self-development is caused by defining role in the life of the individual, the active involvement of man in the process of his own life. According to most modern scientists, the main source of development are internal contradictions, this process is, in fact, self-development (self-movement). Personal self-development is characterized by a high level of self-organization, communicativeness and the formation of a scientific “picture of the world” and a humanistically oriented attitude to themselves and others. A holistic study of the problem of preparing students of higher education institutions for self-development in a multimedia educational environment in terms of humanistic pedagogy still remains out of the attention of scientists at the theoretical and methodological level, which negatively affects the quality of training of philologists and teachers. The aim of the article is to analyze the problem of self-development of future teachers of philology in psychological and pedagogical research and to clarify the essence of the concept of “professional self-development of future teachers” as a pedagogical category. Activation of personal self-development, which we consider as a process and a phenomenon, is an integrated factor in their relationship. By “activation of personal self-development” we mean purposeful dynamics to change the internal state of the individual and the realization of their own positive movement on the path of self-development. At the same time, we consider self-control as a personal quality of a person and a mechanism of self-regulation of the success of personal and professional self-development, as well as self-education in the context of multimedia learning. The ideal condition for professional development can be ICT, multimedia (computer systems with integrated support for audio and video), virtual reality (artificial world, which in some way reflects and transforms the real world, creating a virtual environment (space) according to ideas and goals of those who build it), an automated learning system based on hypertext technology (allows to increase the assimilation of educational material, includes a set of educational and methodical materials (demonstration, theoretical, practical, control) and computer programs that control the educational process)), a powerful information resource of the World Wide Web, extensive experience in teaching multimedia technologies etc. In line with the humanistic paradigm of multimedia learning, the door to a single world cultural and educational space opens, so it is correct to consider students' self-development as a promising intellectually and morally purposeful education of themselves in new socio-cultural conditions, more precisely in multimedia learning. Taking into account the above mentioned, we are inclined to believe that Internet resources, multimedia learning systems and tools, finally, the whole educational environment are designed to become the optimal conditions for self-development of students of philology. In this case, self-development is due to the presence of personal content of educational activities (author's Internet projects, electronic textbooks).

AbstractThis article, originally presented as the presidential address at the 2021 SNTS meeting, held virtually via Leuven due to Covid-19 conditions, investigates the nature of Pauline interpretation, past and present. It brings into the scholarly conversation a neglected ancient source, John Chrysostom's occasional homily on 1 Cor 7.2–4 (Hom. 1 Cor. 7–4 (CPG 4377)), and provides an analysis of key passages showing how the late antique orator-bishop seeks to turn Paul's words from the fifties to Corinth into a magical incantation, and, as inscribed on various materials, a talisman against the evils associated with porneia. The article concludes with defence of the category ‘Christian love magic’ and an argument that New Testament studies constitutes a unified field which should unite (rather than separate out) the work of philology, historical contextualisation, literary criticism, humanistic commitments and hermeneutical sophistication as we trace and analyse the ways human agents construct meanings with New Testament texts, then and now.

The article's scientific novelty lies in the authors' disclosure of the third-year students' average degree of communicative competence (CC) development. Of all the CC components, the cognitive and emotional components are the most prevalent (it can be observed among students of the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Arts). The students of the Faculty of Foreign Philology and the Faculty of Arts and Graphics are more prepared for the behavioral component of the CC. Both students at the Faculty of Arts and Graphics and the Faculty of Physical Education exhibit a high degree of communicative tolerance. Additionally, the two factors that affect CC were identified: the external factors (organization of students' subject-related leisure; professional-oriented educational work with students; content of education at institutions of higher pedagogical education: specialty of the chosen profession; increased cycle of humanities; active pedagogical practice of students; age of students to work with; different categories of children and adults to work with); and the internal factors (students’ attitude towards self-development, self-education, students’ life and social experience, motivation for acquiring a specialty and CC, humanistic orientation of future teacher’s personality, persona's orientation to “person to person” profession).

Les annotations apposées par les humanistes Vettor Fausto et Guillaume Budé sur leur exemplaire personnel de l’editio princeps d’Homère constituent deux exemples remarquables de la lecture du poète dans les premières décennies du XVIe siècle. L’édition, l’analyse, l’interprétation de cet ensemble de notes, issu en grande partie de deux sources exceptionnelles, le fameux Venetus A et une source inconnue qui lui est rivale, sont le fondement et la matière de cette thèse. À partir de l’examen d’un millier d’annotations, l’étude s’attache à comprendre la démarche philologique des deux humanistes. Considérant qu’une certaine philosophie de l’histoire, marquée par l’idée de progrès et par l’historicisme, biaise notre compréhension du travail philologique des humanistes, la recherche se propose de sortir de toute démarche évolutionniste et de renverser la perspective historique en prenant pour point de comparaison la démarche de la philologie antique, en particulier celle des érudits de l’époque hellénistique : l’empeiria alexandrine. Il ressort que le travail philologique de Vettor Fausto et de Guillaume Budé participe de la redécouverte de la philologie antique, d’une lecture « grammaticale » qui conduit les deux humanistes à constituer, selon le modèle de l’empeiria alexandrine et conformément aux composantes de la grammatiké, un livre personnel qui se rapproche de l’ekdosis des érudits alexandrins. La thèse conclut que le modèle interprétatif sous-jacent à la critique de la philologie humaniste relève d’un paradigme qu’il convient de mettre en cause afin de pouvoir mieux comprendre la lecture et la réception d’un auteur tel qu’Homère à la Renaissance
Notes affixed by the humanists Vettor Fausto and Guillaume Budé on their personal copy of Homer's editio princeps constitute two remarkable examples of the reading of the poet in the first decades of the XVIth century. The edition, the analysis, the interpretation of this set of notes, stemming largely from two exceptional sources, the famous Venetus A and an unknown rivalling source, are the foundation and the material of this thesis. From the examination of a thousand notes, the study attempts to understand the philological approach of both humanists. Considering that a certain philosophy of history, marked by the idea of progress and historicism, biases our understanding of the philological work of the humanists, the research steps back from taking an evolutionary reasoning and reverses the historical perspective by taking, for point of comparison, the approach of the antique philology, in particular that of the scholars of the Hellenistic era : the Alexandrine empeiria. It appears that the philological work of Vettor Fausto and Guillaume Budé participates in the rediscovery of the antique philology, from a "grammatical" reading which leads both humanists to constitute, according to the model of the alexandrine empeiria and according to the components of the grammatiké, a personal book which approaches the ekdosis of the Alexandrine scholars. The thesis concludes that the underlying interpretative model to the criticism of the humanist philology is a matter for a paradigm which it is advisable to question in order to better understand the reading and the reception of an author such as Homer in the Renaissance

Les annotations apposées par Vettor Fausto et Guillaume Budé sur leur exemplaire personnel de l’editio princeps d’Homère constituent deux exemples remarquables de la lecture du poète dans les premières décennies du XVIe siècle. L’édition, l’analyse, l’interprétation de cet ensemble de notes, issu en grande partie de deux sources exceptionnelles, le fameux Venetus A et une source inconnue qui lui est rivale, sont le fondement et la matière de cette thèse. À partir de l’examen d’un millier d’annotations, l’étude s’attache à comprendre la démarche philologique des deux humanistes. Considérant qu’une certaine philosophie de l’histoire, marquée par l’idée de progrès et par l’historicisme, biaise notre compréhension du travail philologique des humanistes, la recherche se propose de renverser la perspective historique en prenant pour point de comparaison la démarche de la philologie antique, en particulier celle des érudits de l’époque hellénistique : l’empeiria alexandrine. La thèse conclut que le modèle interprétatif sous-jacent à la critique de la philologie humaniste relève d’un paradigme qu’il convient de mettre en cause afin de pouvoir mieux comprendre la lecture d’un auteur tel qu’Homère à la Renaissance.
Notes affixed by Vettor Fausto and Guillaume Budé on their personal copy of Homer's editio princeps constitute two remarkable examples of the reading of the poet in the first decades of the XVIth century. The edition, the analysis, the interpretation of this set of notes, stemming largely from two exceptional sources, the famous Venetus A and an unknown rivalling source, are the foundation and the material of this thesis. From the examination of a thousand notes, the study attempts to understand the philological approach of both humanists. Considering that a certain philosophy of history, marked by the idea of progress and historicism, biases our understanding of the philological work of the humanists, the research reverses the historical perspective by taking, for point of comparison, the approach of the antique philology, in particular that of the scholars of the Hellenistic era : the Alexandrine empeiria. The thesis concludes that the underlying interpretative model to the criticism of the humanist philology is a matter for a paradigm which it is advisable to question in order to better understand the reading of an author such as Homer in the Renaissance.
Le annotazioni apposte da Vettor Fausto e Guillaume Budé sulla loro editio princeps d’Omero costituiscono due esempi notevoli della lettura omerica agli inizi del XVI secolo. L’edizione, l’analisi e l’interpretazione di quest’insieme di note, proveniente in gran parte da due fonti d’eccezione, il famoso Venetus A e una fonte ignota che gli è rivale, rappresentano il fondamento e la materia della tesi. A partire dall’esame di un migliaio d’annotazioni, lo studio si prefigge di comprendere l’approccio filologico dei due umanisti. Poiché si ritiene che tutta una filosofia della storia, di stampo progressista e storicista, distorce la nostra comprensione del lavoro filologico degli umanisti, la ricerca si propone di capovolgere la prospettiva storica facendo appello all’approccio della filologia antica, in particolare a quella degli eruditi dell’epoca ellenistica: l’empeiria alessandrina. La tesi arriva alla conclusione che il modello interpretativo che sottostà alla critica della filologia umanista rinvia ad un paradigma che conviene mettere in discussione se si vuole capire meglio la lettura al Rinascimento di un autore come Omero.

Oggetto di studio è la ricezione di Tibullo in età umanistica. La Parte prima affronta la delicata questione della trasmissione del Corpus Tibullianum, diretta ed indiretta, includendo una disamina del più antico codice integro superstite (il ms. Milano, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, R 26 sup.) ed un focus sulla circolazione a stampa dell’opera nel XV sec. Nella Parte seconda, dopo una ridefinizione delle peculiarità della poesia di Tibullo e dei tratti che accomunano la lettura umanistica dei classici, si prendono in esame varie tipologie di commento alla silloge, considerando un’applicazione esegetica quasi del tutto inedita. Questi gli studi esaminati: le postille di Antonio Panormita al ms. Vat. Lat. 3270; le annotazioni al ms. Riccardiano 606, autografo di Cristoforo Landino; i segni di lettura di Tito Strozzi sul ms. Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, Magl. VII 1053; il commento di Giovanni Pontano, trasmesso dal ms. Wolfenbüttel, Herzog-August Bibliothek, Aug. Fol. 82.6, interamente autografo dell’umanista; le postille del Poliziano annotate sui margini di una copia dell’editio princeps della raccolta (oggi l’incunabolo corsiniano 50.F.37). Infine, si prende in considerazione il commentario di Bernardino Cillenio, accluso nell’edizione tibulliana del 1475 (Roma, G. Lauer). La Parte terza è incentrata sulla rilettura in chiave tibulliana della maggiore produzione poetica quattrocentesca in lingua latina, prediligendo la poesia di quegli umanisti dei quali è stata esaminata l’applicazione allo studio di Tibullo. L’attenzione verte sui seguenti autori: Antonio Panormita; Enea Silvio Piccolomini; Giovanni Marrasio; Cristoforo Landino; Angelo Poliziano; Tito Strozzi; Giovanni Pontano. Nella Parte quarta si offre un bilancio conclusivo della ricerca e si indicano le possibili prospettive future di questa indagine. The aim of this work is to investigate the reception of Tibullus during the Italian Quattrocento. The first part treats the transmission of the Corpus Tibullianum, including an analysis of the ms. Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, R 26 sup., which is the most ancient manuscript of the collection. The second part, after a redefinition of Tibullus’ style, looks at the humanist studies of the Corpus, a material for the most part still unpublished: the annotations of Antonio Panormita, Cristoforo Landino, Tito Strozzi, Giovanni Pontano and Angelo Poliziano have been taken into consideration. Then we examined Bernardino Cillenio’s commentary, published in Rome in 1475 by G. Lauer. The third part considers the poetic reception of the Corpus, preferring those authors that have also annotated Tibullus’ poems: Antonio Panormita, Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Giovanni Marrasio, Landino, Poliziano, Tito Strozzi and Pontano. The last part includes also some considerations about future perspectives of our research.

The thesis is the first critical edition of the poem "Astronomicon libri" written by Basinio da Parma in the XV century. The critical text is followed by the Italian translation and the commentary of the first book of the work.

Łukasz Żurek Instytut Literatury Polskiej Wydział Polonistyki Uniwersytet Warszawski Filologia lokalna – lokalność filologa. Praktyki literacko-naukowe Stefana Szymutki Celem pracy jest wydobycie i interpretacja autorskiej sygnatury wpisanej w prace Stefana Szymutki, zarówno te uznawane za eseje, jak i te traktowane jako artykuły lub rozprawy naukowe. Nadrzędną ramę problemową, która pozwala na realizację tak pomyślanego zadania, tworzy refleksja nad mechanizmami kształtowania historii literaturoznawstwa. W rozdziale pierwszym pracy rekonstrukcji zostają poddane dziewiętnasto- i dwudziestowieczne przemiany „filologii”, rozumianej jako pojęcie oraz zespół praktyk badawczych. Filologia jest pierwszym analizowanym w pracy przedmiotem, który w ślad za badaniami z kręgu socjologii niewiedzy określić można mianem „agnotologicznego”. Na jej recepcji zaważyły bowiem kulturowe mechanizmy wytwarzania, przekazywania oraz utwierdzania tak wiedzy, jak i niewiedzy. Rozdział rozpoczyna analiza kontekstu, który zadecydował o marginalizacji filologii w powojennej humanistyce amerykańskiej, oraz powodów, dla których proklamowane współcześnie w Stanach Zjednoczonych „powroty do filologii”, po części przenoszone również na grunt polski, w większości przypadków nie przyczyniają się do lepszego zrozumienia ani jej historii, ani historii humanistyki. Toteż, zamiast tworzyć nową globalną opowieść, generującą nową niewiedzę, proponuję rozważyć kilka rozpraw polskich filologów i językoznawców, działających pod koniec XIX i na początku XX w. W rezultacie takiego przeniesienia polskie spory o kształt filologii z tego okresu, często ograniczane do utrwalonego w historii nauki przełomu antypozytywistycznego, okazują się związane z toczącą się od II. poł XIX w. dyskusją nad relacjami między „lokalnym” (prowincjonalnym, peryferyjnym) a „uniwersalnym” (globalnym) wymiarem polskiej naukowej kultury humanistycznej. Osadzenie konkretnych, lokalnych praktyk filologicznych w ich macierzystym kontekście kulturowym pozwala, po pierwsze, prześledzić tzw. życie po życiu filologii w polskim literaturoznawstwie teoretycznym, po drugie, przywrócić wiedzę o alternatywnych projektach i przedsięwzięciach badawczych, które znikają z pola widzenia w dotychczasowych opowieściach o przemianach dwudziestowiecznej humanistyki, po trzecie – ukazać powiązania między ukształtowaniem określonych wypowiedzi uznawanych za naukowe a lokalnością filologa: jego środowiskami intelektualnym i biograficznym, sferą przyjmowanego w nich światopoglądu oraz chronotopem, w którym żył i tworzył. Refleksja nad „kondycją filologii” prowadzi do wyznaczenia perspektywy interpretacyjnej, inspirowanej metodą materializmu biograficznego (by użyć terminu wprowadzonego do polskiej humanistyki przez Tomasza Majewskiego) oraz pracami z kręgu kulturowej historii humanistyki (Tomasza Bilczewskiego, Petera Burke’a, Galina Tihanova, Danuty Ulickiej), dzięki której możliwe staje się przeanalizowanie drugiego obiektu agnotologicznego, stanowiącego główny przedmiot badań podjętych w pracy – praktyk literacko-naukowych Szymutki. Zostają one nazwane w ten sposób po to, aby podkreślić ich ugruntowanie w konkretnym czasie i miejscu doświadczanym przez konkretny podmiot oraz wyeksponować charakterystyczną cechę tekstów śląskiego filologa. Szymutko rzadko bowiem porzucał jeden tryb wypowiedzi (naukowy, eseistyczno-biograficzny) na rzecz innego. Dążył raczej do splecenia ze sobą różnych stylów wypowiedzi i konwencji gatunkowych. Rozdział drugi jest poświęcony analizie wczesnej twórczości Szymutki – tej, która nigdy nie została włączona w obszar wiedzy na jego temat. Na początku poddaję krytyce dotychczasową recepcję jego prac, w której zwykle przyjmuje się, że dopiero wraz z przełomem 1989 r., umożliwiającym mówienie o śląskości poza ramami PRL-owskiej polityki historycznej, oraz pierwszymi wystąpieniami na sesjach śląskoznawczych, mógł pisać o swojej podmiotowej, regionalnej tutejszości. Na takiej recepcji zaważył przede wszystkim sukces książki Nagrobek ciotki Cili, zbierającej pierwsze śląskie eseje. Analiza juweniliów naukowo-krytycznych badacza powstałych już pod koniec studiów magisterskich oraz w trakcie prac nad doktoratem przekonuje, że w jego pisarstwie od początku da się prześledzić podejmowaną jawnie lub tylko implikowaną problematykę śląskiej tożsamości, związku literatury z rzeczywistością historyczną, złożonych relacji między różnie rozumianym „centrum” a różnie rozumianymi „peryferiami”, oraz kwestię miejsca humanistyki we współczesnym świecie. Obserwacje strategii narracyjnych Szymutki, służących maskowaniu podmiotowej perspektywy oraz zagadnień, które podejmował już w swoich naukowych debiutach, stanowią punkt wyjścia do rozdziału trzeciego. Dotyczy on związków między stworzoną przez śląskiego filologa teorią powieści Parnickiego a jego samego filologiczną lokalnością. Materiału do badań dostarczają pierwsze artykuły poświęcone powieściopisarzowi, książkowa wersja pracy doktorskiej dotyczącej Końca „Zgody Narodów”, czyli wydana w 1992 r. Zrozumieć Parnickiego, oraz szkice interpretacyjne z lat 1995–2008, które stanowią jedyne ślady po nieukończonym komentarzu do Słowa i ciała. Choć w swoich późnych esejach sam Szymutko podkreślał, że konkretyzacja Parnickiego ma bardzo dużo wspólnego z jego własnym światopoglądem, jego parnickologiczne prace jak dotąd nie zostały należycie zinterpretowane. Zazwyczaj funkcjonowały w wąskim kręgu znawców prozy autora Srebrnych orłów, co przyczyniło się do stworzenia wizerunku Szymutki jako badacza, który po prostu odnalazł u Parnickiego tematy interesujące go osobiście. Również sam autor utrwalał niewiedzę na temat tej dziedziny swoich praktyk literacko-naukowych, w niektórych autokomentarzach utożsamiając dokonaną konkretyzację Parnickiego ze stereotypowym wyobrażeniem o pracy filologicznej. W rozdziale tym staram się jednak wykazać, że Szymutkowa konkretyzacja Parnickiego jest, po pierwsze, interwencją krytycznoliteracką, mającą na celu zmianę stylu odbioru pisarza, a po drugie – wypowiedzią, w której filolog zapisuje swoje własne usytuowanego kulturowo-geograficzne i pośrednio rozważa swoją tożsamość, zapowiadając tym samym problematykę rozwijaną w późniejszej twórczości. Rozdział czwarty ma odmienny charakter niż poprzednie. Jego celem jest opisanie znaczenia, jakie dla analiz przedstawionych w rozdziałach drugim i trzecim miały kwerendy przeprowadzone w Księgozbiorze Stefana Szymutki, mieszczącym się w Kolegium Indywidualnych Studiów Międzyobszarowych Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. Aby to zrobić, najpierw, poprzez interpretację różnogatunkowych wypowiedzi (wspomnień filologów, artykułów naukowych poświęconych glosom na marginesach książek i dedykacjom na nich), staram się wykazać, że biblioteki prywatne humanistów stanowią ważne źródło wiedzy o lokalności badaczy literatury. Księgozbiory filologów (szerzej: humanistów) są praktycznie nieobecne w badaniach spod znaku tzw. zwrotu archiwalnego, a tym samym stanowią kolejny, ostatni już przedmiot agnotologiczny, o którym traktuje rozprawa. Tekstowe ślady pozostawione na książkach należących do Szymutki pozwoliły nie tylko zrekonstruować jego niezrealizowane pomysły interpretacyjne, zrewidować środowiskową doksę na jego temat oraz poznać sieci relacji środowiskowych, zawodowych i towarzyskich, w których funkcjonował, lecz także przypomnieć rzecz na pozór oczywistą, której znaczenie dla całości pracy jest jednak niebagatelne. Otóż „za auktoralną narracją prac naukowych” zawsze kryje się konkretny, usytuowany czasoprzestrzennie człowiek, wraz ze swymi „personalnymi niepokojami”, pochodzeniem, światopoglądem, sympatiami oraz antypatiami. Zapiski, podkreślenia i fiszki z księgozbioru zmuszają do refleksji nad sygnaturą autorską, która naznacza wszystkie teksty filologa niezależnie od ich powierzchniowych cech stylistycznych, ale ulega zatarciu w procesie ich kanonizacji i depersonalizacji, a tym samym staje się przedmiotem agnotologicznym. Praca w księgozbiorze pozwala zatem zwrócić uwagę na wpleciony w każdą wypowiedź (tak uznawaną za literaturoznawczą, jak i eseistyczną czy artystyczną) kontekst sytuacji, w którym została sformułowana. Zaprezentowane w rozprawie interpretacje praktyk literacko-naukowych Szymutki pozwoliły nie tylko poszerzyć wiedzę na temat pisarstwa śląskiego filologa, lecz także wyznaczyły perspektywy dla dalszych badań nad podmiotowym charakterem wypowiedzi literaturoznawczych, nad ważnością w ich rozpoznawaniu studiów archiwalnych, badania księgozbiorów, śledzenia kontekstów biograficznych, rozpoznawania „kręgów zażyłości” poświadczanych korespondencją – krótko mówiąc: dla badań sui generis filologicznych.
Łukasz Żurek Institute of Polish Literature The Faculty of Polish Studies University of Warsaw Local philology – localness of the philologist. Stefan Szymutko’s academic nad literary practices The main goal of the thesis is bringing to light and interpreting the author's signature inscribed in the works of Stefan Szymutko, both those considered as essays and those treated as academic articles or dissertations. The overriding problematic framework that allows for the accomplishment of this goal is reflection on the mechanisms shaping the history of literary studies The first chapter concerns the nineteenth and twentieth-century transformations of „philology”, understood both as a concept and a set of research practices. Philology is the first subject analyzed in this thesis, which, following research in the field of the sociology of ignorance, can be described as „agnotological”, because of the fact that its reception was influenced by the cultural mechanisms of production, transmission or confirmation of knowledge and ignorance. The chapter begins with an analysis of the context that determined the marginalization of philology in post-war American humanities, and the reasons why the „returns to philology”, nowadays proclaimed in the United States and partially translated into polish context, in most cases do not contribute to a better understanding of its history, nor the history of the humanities. Therefore, instead of creating a new global story, which would lead to generating a new kind of ignorance, I propose to consider few examples of Polish philologists and linguists from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. As a result of this interpretative shift, Polish disputes over the shape of philology from that period, often limited to the narrative about anti-positivist breakthrough, turns out to be related to the nineteenth century discussion about the relationship between the „local” (peripheral) and „universal” (global) dimensions of Polish humanities. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of Szymutko's early work. At the beginning, I criticize the reception of his works, in which it is usually assumed that Szymutko could write about his regional subjectivity only after the democratic breakthrough of 1989, consequential end of the historical policy framework maintainted by Polish People’s Republic and first Silesian studies sessions organized in the mid 90’s. However, Szymutko’s academic and critical juvenilia allows for a slightly different interpretation. As it turns out, from the very beginning of his career Szymutko wrote (explicitly or implicitly) about issues such as Silesian identity, the relations between „center” and „periphery” and place of the humanities in the contemporary world. The third chapter concerns the relationships between Szymutko’s theory of Parnicki’s novel and his localness. Although Szymutko himself emphasized that his interpretation of Parnicki had a lot in common with his own worldview, his book To Understand Parnicki and later essays about the novel Word and Flesh have not yet been properly interpreted. As I argue throughout the chapter, Szymutko's concretization of Parnicki is, firstly, an intervention aimed at changing the style of the writer's reception, and secondly – a statement into which the philologist inscribes his own cultural and geographical situation, thus announcing the issues developed in later works (e.g. Aunt Cila's tombstone¸ collection of so called „Silesian essays”). Chapter four is a bit different than previous ones. It is concerned with Stefan Szymutko’s Private Library, located in the College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Humanities (University of Silesia). Book collections of philologists (more broadly: humanists) are practically absent in the so-called „archival turn”, and thus constitutes the last agnotological object analyzed in the thesis. I try to show that private libraries of humanists are an important source of knowledge about the localness of literary researchers. Different kinds of traces left on books belonging to Szymutko allowed not only to reconstruct his unrealized ideas for articles or essays, to revise the doxa about him and to understand the professional and private relations in which he functioned, but also to remind about an obvious, yet still controversial thought: „behind the auctorical narrative of academic works" there is always a concrete man, with his personal anxieties, worldview etc. It is also worth noting that glosses, underlinings and fiches refers to the author's signature, which marks all the philologist's texts regardless of their stylistic features.

The first chapter of the paper summarizes the devaluation process of the humanistic values that has begun in the West a few decades ago. The question is why and how the so-called knowledge societies marginalize humanistic knowledge. The second, third, and fourth chapters are the proposal of the mission of the humanities today: pushed out to society’s periphery, the humanities have the task of preserving skills, experiences, and knowledge that so-called knowledge society considers needless. Thereby, the paper advocates the importance of returning to philology, as Paul de Man puts it in his article Return to Philology, and tries to show the extent to which philology, ceasing to be national, becomes a communal, political and ethical force.

Institutional Anthroponymic research was carried out, mainly, at the „Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, since the 60s of the last century. As other humanistic disciplines, the Anthroponymy was established gradually, by collecting material, systematization, classification, terminology creation, refinement of the research methods and techniques. Based on the collected and systematized materials, were written and published monographs, dictionaries, guides, doctoral theses, scientific articles, were developed orthographic and transcription norms of Anthroponyms, were presented at various national and international scientific forums reports, communications and summaries. The scientific results were disseminated on radio or TV broadcasts and were highly appreciated.