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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Human rights – Scandinavia »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Human rights – Scandinavia"

Ersen, Jonas Christoff, et Mikael Rask Madsen. « The End of Virtue ? Denmark and the Internationalisation of Human Rights ». Nordic Journal of International Law 80, n^o 3 (2011) : 257–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181011x581164.

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AbstractThe article analyses the interface of Denmark and internationalisation of human rights with the goal of examining the transformation of the place and perception of international law in Scandinavia over the last decades. More precisely, the article contrasts two fundamentally different moments of the interface of international human rights and Denmark: first a period of external engagement in which Denmark – and the other Scandinavian countries – developed their position as virtuous defenders of international law and human rights and, secondly, the eventual national implications of international human rights law. This approach allows us to more generally analyse the interrelationship between the internationalisation of human rights and its eventual effect on Danish legal and political practices. We generally argue that the original politics of virtue in the area of international law and particularly international human rights law declined when international human rights started having national implications, that is, it no longer was simply a good of export. We, moreover, argue that the realistic approach developed in the national context now is having significant spill-over effects on Denmark's international policies in the area.

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Deacon, Harriet J. « Ethics, intellectual property and commercialization of cultural heritage ». Pravovedenie 64, n^o 1 (2020) : 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2020.108.

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The Sámi are an indigenous people residing in Sápmi, a region cutting across northern Scandinavia (Norway, Finland, Sweden) and the Kola Peninsula in Northwest Russia. This article tells the story of a Sámi sun symbol on a seventeen century drum, originally from Swedish Sápmi, that was registered as a trademark by a jewellery company in Norway called “Tana Gull and Sølvsmie AS” in 2009. The mark was invalidated in 2020 because, according to the Norwegian Intellectual Property Office, the registration of a religious symbol was likely to infringe on the rights of the Sámi, whose access to their own cultural and religious symbols should be protected. The basis for the decision was a public policy exception, a provision within trademark law excluding the registration of signs “contrary to morality or public policy”, and allowing the law into account public opinion, public interest and human rights. Analysis of this case is used to shape the debate about the role of intellectual property law in addressing the problem of overcommercialization, for example by preventing cultural misappropriation. The authors suggest that the notion of blasphemy or religious offence through banal commercialization should be more broadly formulated in interpretation of the public policy exception in order to take account of cultural misappropriation. They also argue that protecting the public domain by preventing registration of important cultural and religious symbols is not sufficient to address the problem of cultural misappropriation in a commercial context. Positive protection through trademark registrations is just as important as their defensive protection.

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Miloiu, Silviu-Marian. « Editorial Foreword ». Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 8, n^o 2 (15 décembre 2016) : 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v8i2_1.

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The current volume (8, issue 2 of 2016) of Revista Română pentru Studii Baltice şi Nordice / The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies (RRSBN) publishes mostly the papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Baltic and Nordic Studies in Romania, Good governance in Romania and the Nordic and Baltic countries, hosted by the Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies and Nicolae Iorga Institute of History of the Romanian Academy, București, 24-25 November, 2016, with the support of the embassies of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania and Norway, the Consulate of Latvia to Bucharest and sponsored by Niro Investment Group. The meeting focused on good governance in Romania and the Nordic and Baltic countries as seen from a variety of angles and from the perspective of various disciplines, institutions and practices related to accountability, transparency, the rule of law, responsibility, equity, inclusiveness, participation, efficiency, human rights protection, tangible, intangible and natural heritage conservation, etc. The conference tackled concepts, issues and good practices in terms of good governance, accountability, welfare, efficiency, gender equality in the public and private sectors in Scandinavia, the Baltic States and Romania as well as the institutions called upon to fight against corruption in these countries. Historical examples of good versus bad governance were also brought forth.

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Wind, Marlene. « Do Scandinavians Care about International Law ? A Study of Scandinavian Judges’ Citation Practice to International Law and Courts ». Nordic Journal of International Law 85, n^o 4 (22 novembre 2016) : 281–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-08504010.

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Although Scandinavians are often celebrated as the vanguards of human rights and international law, we know little about whether courts and judges in these countries have embraced those international courts and conventions that they themselves helped establish after the Second World War. This article presents original and comprehensive data on three Scandinavian courts’ citation practice. It demonstrates that not only do Scandinavian Supreme Courts engage surprisingly little with international law, but also that there is great variation in the degree to which they have domesticated international law and courts by citing their case law. Building on this author’s previous research, it is argued that Norway sticks out as much more engaged internationally due to a solid judicial review tradition at the national level. It is also argued that Scandinavian legal positivism has influenced a much more reticent approach to international case law than would normally be expected from this region in the world.

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Uusitalo, Jenna. « Scandinavian Legal Realism and the Challenge of Recognizing Emergency Medical Service as a Legal Norm ». Bratislava Law Review 4, n^o 2 (31 décembre 2020) : 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46282/blr.2020.4.2.192.

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Emergency medical service (EMS) forms a sub-category of the internationally recognized right to health. However, despite the codification of the right to health in various human rights conventions which have been implemented in national legislation, EMS still seems to be regarded as an economic expense or a political decision rather than a legal norm or a human right. This paper evaluates the causes for such a misunderstanding, primarily through Scandinavian Legal Realism which emphasizes the social contextualization of law. Supplementary scholarly views, as well as a history of human rights, are also applied to support the main arguments. Essentially, the paper claims that the challenge of recognizing EMS as a legal norm is associated with the relatively abstract and impersonalized nature of emergency care.

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Nissen, Ada Elisabeth. « An Oil Company as a Force for Good ? How Statoil put Norway’s Identity as a‘ Champion of Ideals’ to the Test ». Culture Unbound 13, n^o 1 (27 juillet 2021) : 16–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.3366.

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This article explores how Norway’s quest for moral authority to be recognized as a “champion of ideals” came under strain in the 1990s when the Norwegian state’s oil company (Statoil) expanded its operations in- and outside Norwegian borders. While we know a lot about Scandinavia’s international activism after the end of the Cold War, we know less about Scandinavian business’ responses to this policy. Neither do we know much about business’ potential impact on this policy. The aim of this article is therefore to begin address this issue by examining Statoil’s response to some of Norway’s moral and ethical aspirations in the post-Cold War global arena. Particular attention is paid to the tension between Norway’s ambition to be an early mover for sustainable development and a human rights advocate, and Statoil’s approach to environmental problems and human rights violations. As such, the article explores the role of state-owned enterprises in profit-making and global expansion during a formative decade when economy became an increasingly important determinant of Norwegian foreign relations, and ethical and moral objectives with roots in earlier decades were revitalized through an unprecedented number of international initiatives.

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Satyanand, Anand. « The Ombudsman Concept and Human Rights Protection ». Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 29, n^o 1 (1 janvier 1999) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v29i1.6044.

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"This article traces development of the modern Ombudsman concept, internationally and in New Zealand, that originates from the Scandinavian state model which calls uponOmbudsmen to investigate allegations of government maladministration. It secondly notes, in a similar fashion, the broad themes of development of human rights protection and the movement from international multipartite resolutions to individual enactment and practice in states like New Zealand. Thirdly, there will be some description of the areas in which the Ombudsman concept can be said to make some kind of contribution to the protection of human rights. Lastly, it will observe some differing trends overseas, which may come to apply in this country."

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Munawaroh, Siti, Sri Mulyati et Suhendri Suhendri. « Scandinavian Legal Realism in Two Criminal Convictions of The Same Thing ». International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development 3, n^o 1 (5 février 2022) : 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijbesd.v3i1.188.

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Human life is regulated and will never be separated from the provisions of binding regulations. Binding rules or norms in human life have the purpose of creating order, justice, and public welfare. The paradigm of legal positivism has always relied on the logic and validation of the ruler which makes people think that the ruler is the only law. This is strongly criticized by legal realists. The interesting thing about legal realism is the view that law must depart from the study of facts. American legal realism states that a judge decides something based on his personal preferences, and then makes a legal analysis to justify the expected outcome. This is different from legal realism in Scandinavia, which is based on logical positivism that developed in the modern era. Legal realism in Scandinavia intends to make legal science more scientific. Criticisms of legal realism include: legal realism presents the law only as a tool for resolving disputes on a case by case basis, there is no need for legal certainty because the approach is very casuistic so that judge’s understanding of cases can vary widely. Using legal studies approach, be expected that it can provide an overview of the problems that occur related to Scandinavian Legal Realism in the adultery case of SS with minors which is contrary to The Law of Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection in conjunction with Article 65 Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code. The judge's authority over the case is to give a verdict related to the SS case in accordance with positive law, the facts that actually happened, and the truth of the case that has been observed by the people involved and legal experts with the aim of maintaining order and protecting the community so that they always do the right thing.

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Bezrukov, Andrey V., Ilya S. Iksanov, Anastasia A. Isaeva et Alina P. Fedorova. « Protecting migrants' right to family life in the Nordic countries ». Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, n^o 476 (2022) : 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/476/25.

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In this study, the authors refer to the migration policy of the Nordic countries and the consolidation in them at the legislative level of the right of foreign citizens to protect and respect family life. The issue under consideration is extremely relevant in this period of time, since there are problems generated by the Scandinavian juvenile justice that are directly related to the systematic violation of the rights of foreign citizens. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that it analyzes judicial practice, as well as decisions of international bodies, in particular the European Court of Human Rights, that reflect the specifics of juvenile justice in the states under consideration. The aim of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the legislation of Northern Europe and the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights in specific cases in the field of protection of the rights of foreign citizens. The study is based on the theoretical material of the works of Russian authors (M.A. Mogunova, E.A. Orlova, N.S. Plevako, O.V. Chernysheva, et al.), the national legislation and international legal acts and decisions. The article analyzes the law enforcement practice of the European Court of Human Rights, which reflects the main principles that make up the objective opinion of this body, taking into account the main provisions of international legal documents, including the norms of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalization of Foreign Public Documents. The methodological basis of the research was the dialectical, comparative legal and formal legal methods. In particular, the use of the dialectical method contributed to the study of legislation that enshrines the rights of foreign citizens to protect and respect family life in the states of Northern Europe. The use of comparative legal and formal legal methods helped to identify trends in the development of legislation on citizenship and the legal status of foreign citizens in the states of Northern Europe. As a result, the authors note a tendency for the authorities of some Scandinavian states to revise their attitude towards children from foreign and mixed families, which is happening under, among other reasons, the “pressure” of international bodies specializing in the protection of individual rights and freedoms. Special instructions are being introduced that explain to guardianship officials the need to cooperate with the immigration authorities if the officials are considering children's documents, and the need to react to requests from foreign authorities (in particular, embassies). Employees of the Scandinavian guardianship services should facilitate the establishment of contact between the family and the embassy of the state with which they have expressed a desire to contact for one reason or another.

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Zhussipbek, G., et Zh Nagayeva. « THE FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT TO HEALTH, THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NON-COMMERCIALIZED HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, AND THE CHALLENGES OF NEOLIBERAL CAPITALISM ». Adam alemi 89, n^o 3 (26 septembre 2021) : 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.3/1999-5849.09.

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This article explores the fundamental human right to health and the significance of the non-commercialized healthcare system through the prism of the universality of human rights. Also, it critically analyzes neoliberal capitalism, which principles and ideas laid the grounds to undertake the structural reforms in the health care systems in many countries worldwide, including Kazakhstan. Under-financing of health care and the commercialization and commodification of the health care sector became global problems negatively affecting life millions of people and became especially urgent after the COVID-19 Pandemic. The article briefly analyzes the sociallyoriented model that exists in Scandinavian countries, where the problems of commercialization and commodification of the health care system and the optimization and curtailment of social programs have been largely avoided.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Human rights – Scandinavia"

Uzawa, Kanako. « A comparison between Japan and Norway regarding ILO Convention No. 169 / ». Tromsø : Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitetet i Tromsø, 2007. http://www.ub.uit.no/munin/bitstream/10037/1261/2/thesis.pdf.

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Lindberg, Jonas. « Religion in Nordic Politics as a Means to Societal Cohesion : An Empirical Study on Party Platforms and Parliamentary Debates 1988–2012 ». Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-241250.

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In this study, I address the relationship between religion and politics in the Nordic countries, 1988–2012, against a background of increasing religious diversity alongside more or less continuous relationships between church and state. My aim is to analyse possible changes in the way religion is referred to by Nordic parliamentary parties, and in the way these parties use religion as a means to societal cohesion. I use theories on religious change and on the motives for using religion in politics to discuss a possible re-emergence of religion in politics, with the help of concepts such as functional differentiation, glocalisation and politicisation. I apply different forms of content analysis in a mixed-methods approach, using both substantial and functional definitions of religion. The thesis is based on four articles published or accepted for publication in peer-reviewed international journals: First, a study on religion in Nordic party platforms from around 1988, 1998 and 2008. Second, a study on religion in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish parliamentary debates, 1988/89, 1998/99 and 2008/09. Third, a study on the role of the majority churches in the final Nordic parliamentary debates on same-sex unions 1989–2012. Fourth, a study on Danish and Norwegian parliamentary debates on the wearing of veils among judges and policewomen in 2009. The major findings are that the references to religious diversity in party platforms and parliamentary debates have increased, which leads to a more complex understanding of the religious cleavage in politics, and that right-wing populist parties in particular politicise religion to achieve political influence. Furthermore, human rights have been increasingly used to address religious diversity as a political issue. I interpret these findings as continuous use of religion for societal cohesion in Nordic politics, through a model of different forms of politicisation using the concepts civil religion, human rights and nationalism. The thesis contributes to a better understanding of the religious cleavage, politicisation of religion, the impact of globalisation on the political debate about religion and changes as well as continuity regarding the use of religion in Nordic politics.

Cover photography: Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt (chairman of The Moderate Party) debates with Member of Parliament Jimmie Åkesson (chairman of The Sweden Democrats) in the Swedish parliament Riksdagen on 19 January 2011. Photographer: Melker Dahlstrand/Riksdagsförvaltningen.

NOREL
Impact of Religion

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Kwan, Kelly. « The Kindness Factor : Disrupting the Structural Injustices of America's Criminal Justice System ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1189.

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Inspired by words of incarcerated and formerly incarcerated people in California and Denmark, this thesis critically analyzes the American criminal justice system and asks if critiques of the institution can be addressed and improved through the implementation of kindness and compassion within the walls of prison, itself.

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Ericsson, Lina. « The Swedish Arms Trade and the Politics of Human Rights : : A Comparative Case-study of Swedish Weapon Exports to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Russian Federation in the year of 2006 ». Thesis, Jönköping : Jönköping University. Jönköping International Business School, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:3582/FULLTEXT01.

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JENSEN, Soren Stenderup. « The impact of the European Convention on Human Rights on domestic Scandinavian law : a case-law study ». Doctoral thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4664.

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Defence date: 17 June 1991
Examining board: Prof. Antonio Cassese, EUI (supervisor) ; Justice Hans Danelius, Högsta Domstolen, Stockholm ; Prof. Louis Diez-Picazo, EUI ; President of the Court of Justice, Ole Due, Luxembourg ; Prof. Carl Aage Nørgaard, University of Århus
First published online: 11 November 2015

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Livres sur le sujet "Human rights – Scandinavia"

Jensen, Søren Stenderup. The European Convention on Human Rights in Scandinavian law : A case law study. [Copenhagen] : Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag, 1992.

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Donnelly, Jack. Human rights self-monitoring : A proposal for the northern European democracies. Fantoft, Norway : Chr. Michelsen Institute, 1996.

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La genèse de l'Europe des droits de l'homme : Enjeux juridiques et stratégies d'état : France, Grande-Bretagne et pays scandinaves, 1945-1970. Strasbourg : Presses universitaires de Strasbourg, 2010.

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Arnardóttir, Oddný Mjöll, et Quinn G, dir. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities : European and Scandinavian perspectives. Leiden : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2009.

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Anderson, Jorgen Goul, et Jens Hoff. Democracy and Citizenship in Scandinavia. Palgrave Macmillan, 2001.

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(Editor), Jorgen Goul Andersen, et Jens Hoff (Editor), dir. Democracy and Citizenship in Scandinavia. Palgrave Macmillan, 2001.

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J, Anderson, et Jens Hoff. Democracy and Citizenship in Scandinavia. Palgrave Macmillan Limited, 2001.

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Constitutionalism : New Challenges, European Law from a Nordic Perspective (The Raoul Wallenberg Institute Human Rights Library). Hotei Publishing, 2007.

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Jensen, Soren Stenderup. The European Convention on Human Rights in Scandinavian Law. DJOFPublishing, 1992.

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Gomien, Donna. Broadening the Frontiers of Human Rights : Essays in Honour of Asbjorn Eide (Scandinavian University Press Publication). A Scandinavian University Press Publication, 1993.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Human rights – Scandinavia"

Botvar, Pål Ketil, et Anders Sjöborg. « Social Conflicts, Religion and Human Rights Support : A Study of Young Christians and Muslims in Scandinavia ». Dans Religion and Human Rights, 255–74. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77353-7_10.

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Botvar, Pål Ketil. « Religion and the Scandinavian Welfare State : Public Support for Socio-economic Rights in Times of Migration ». Dans Religion and Human Rights, 261–75. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30934-3_10.

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Eide, Wenche B., Mogens Jul et Olof Mellander. « Bottlenecks in Implementation : Some Aspects of the Scandinavian Experience ». Dans Ciba Foundation Symposium 23 - Human Rights in Health, 245–85. Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470715390.ch14.

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Gerle, Elisabeth. « 10. Human Rights : Revisiting the Political Program of Scandinavian Creation Theology ». Dans Reformation Theology for a Post-Secular Age : Løgstrup, Prenter, Wingren, and the Future of Scandinavian Creation Theology, 179–90. Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666604584.179.

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« Chapter Three. The Scandinavian Network Of Human Rights Experts ». Dans Human Rights in Action, 75–116. Brill | Nijhoff, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004184459.i-276.17.

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« Pro et Contra Incorporation of the European Convention into Scandinavian Law ». Dans Human Rights in Domestic Law and Development, 171–75. Brill | Nijhoff, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004482371_021.

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Strang, Johan. « Scandinavian Legal Realism and Human Rights : Axel Hägerström, Alf Ross and the Persistent Attack on Natural Law ». Dans Nordic Histories of Human Rights, 14–30. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003055105-2.

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Mladenović, Tamara. « SKANDINAVSKI MODEL PRAVNOG UREĐENjA REGISTROVANOG PARTNERSTVA ». Dans USKLAĐIVANjE pravnog sistema Srbije sa standardima Evropske unije. [Knj. 10], 575. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/upssx.575m.

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The obligation to recognize and regulate same-sex unions in Serbia is an international obligation that the country has to follow, arising from the established practice of the European Court of Human Rights. In the draft version of the Law on Same-Sex Unions prepared by the Ministry of Human and Minority Rights of the Republic of Serbia, it is proposed to introduce a registered partnership as a new form of partnership. At the same time, the creators of the aforementioned draft of the Law accept the Scandinavian model of regulating registered partnership created exclusively as a union of persons of the same sex, for the conclusion of which certain formal conditions are required. This is a dualistic approach, according to which marriage belongs to heterosexual couples, while registered partnership is only granted to persons of the same sex. However, the experience of the Scandinavian countries indicates that the registered partnership model represents only a temporary phase until the conclusion of same-sex marriages is enabled. The mentioned phase is not, nor could it be, short-lived, since legislative changes expanding the rights of same-sex couples are taking place gradually. In the paper, the author analyzes the mentioned model and points out its basic advantages and disadvantages.

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« 14. Right to Self-Determination : A Basic Human Right Concerning Cultural Survival. The Case of the Sami and the Scandinavian State ». Dans Human Rights in Cross-Cultural Perspectives, 363–84. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.9783/9780812200195.363.

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Lappi-Seppälä, Tapio. « Humane Neoclassicism ». Dans Of One-eyed and Toothless Miscreants, 209–36. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190070595.003.0009.

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The principle of proportionality has its roots in the rule of law, legal safeguards, and guarantees to citizens against abuse, arbitrariness, and excessive use of force. It is more important to prevent overly harsh penalties than to prevent overly lenient ones. The main function of the proportionality principle is, thus, to impose the upper limit that the punishment may never exceed. In this framework, limiting discretion through proportionality is, above all, limiting excess. The normative framework of Scandinavian criminal justice policy—“humane neoclassicism”—stresses both legal safeguards against coercive care and a preference for less repressive measures in general. The key function of criminal law is to produce compliance through norm declaration and reinforcement. People refrain from illegal behavior not because it may be punished but because it is morally blameworthy (or because of force of habit). Criminal law’s goals are best served by a system of sanctions that maintains a moral character and demonstrates the relative blameworthiness of wrongful acts, is perceived to be fair and just, and respects the rights and intrinsic moral value of all parties involved.

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