Bibliographies thématiques / Human Development – physiology

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Human Development – physiology »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 26 juillet 2024
Mis à jour le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Human Development – physiology"

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Samandar, Saidmurodov. « RELEVANCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY ». American Journal Of Biomedical Science & ; Pharmaceutical Innovation 3, no 12 (1 décembre 2023) : 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/volume03issue12-13.

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The development of sports physiology stands as a crucial cornerstone in comprehending the intricate mechanisms governing human performance in athletic endeavors. This article delves into the profound relevance and significance of sports physiology in deciphering the physiological, biomechanical, and psychological facets underpinning athletes' abilities. It outlines the historical progression of sports physiology, highlighting its pivotal role in optimizing training methodologies, preventing injuries, enhancing performance, and fostering overall athlete well-being. By elucidating the significance of sports physiology, this study emphasizes its contribution to advancing athletic excellence and shaping the future landscape of sports.
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Whitehouse, Lindy. « Recent Advances in Human Physiology ». Science Reviews. Biology 1, no 1 (16 octobre 2022) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.57098/scirevs.biology.1.1.1.

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The study of human physiology provides important insight into the complex nature of the human body, increasing our understanding of the various systems and processes that occur to keep us alive. Developments in this field provide the basis for the development of novel treatments and therapies that are crucial for the advancement of medicine and improving the health and well-being of people around the world. Recent research into the pathogenesis of SAR-CoV-2 and the discovery of novel treatments for its symptoms have bought this field of science to the forefront. Yet there have also been several other recent advances that have increased our understanding of the human body and provided opportunities for the development of new medicines and therapies. Here we discuss the latest advances in this field, highlighting recent progression in our understanding of cancer metastasis, the development of the brain, and the use of organoids in the study of the human body. Finally, we examine the work of two physiologists that received the Nobel Prize in 2021 for their work in understanding the mechanism behind how humans feel the heat, cold, and mechanical force.
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Wieser, Fritz, Leslie Waite, Christophe Depoix et Robert N. Taylor. « PPAR Action in Human Placental Development and Pregnancy and Its Complications ». PPAR Research 2008 (2008) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/527048.

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During pregnancy crucial anatomic, physiologic, and metabolic changes challenge the mother and the fetus. The placenta is a remarkable organ that allows the mother and the fetus to adapt to the new metabolic, immunologic, and angiogenic environment imposed by gestation. One of the physiologic systems that appears to have evolved to sustain this metabolic regulation is mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). In clinical pregnancy-specific disorders, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and intrauterine growth restriction, aberrant regulation of components of the PPAR system parallels dysregulation of metabolism, inflammation and angiogenesis. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of PPARs in regulating human trophoblast invasion, early placental development, and also in the physiology of clinical pregnancy and its complications. As increasingly indicated in the literature, pregnancy disorders, such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, represent potential targets for treatment with PPAR ligands. With the advent of more specific PPAR agonists that exhibit efficacy in ameliorating metabolic, inflammatory, and angiogenic disturbances, further studies of their application in pregnancy-related diseases are warranted.
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Schulte-Merker, Stefan, Amélie Sabine et Tatiana V. Petrova. « Lymphatic vascular morphogenesis in development, physiology, and disease ». Journal of Cell Biology 193, no 4 (16 mai 2011) : 607–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201012094.

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The lymphatic vasculature constitutes a highly specialized part of the vascular system that is essential for the maintenance of interstitial fluid balance, uptake of dietary fat, and immune response. Recently, there has been an increased awareness of the importance of lymphatic vessels in many common pathological conditions, such as tumor cell dissemination and chronic inflammation. Studies of embryonic development and genetically engineered animal models coupled with the discovery of mutations underlying human lymphedema syndromes have contributed to our understanding of mechanisms regulating normal and pathological lymphatic morphogenesis. It is now crucial to use this knowledge for the development of novel therapies for human diseases.
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Hane, Amie A., et Nathan A. Fox. « Early caregiving and human biobehavioral development : a comparative physiology approach ». Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 7 (février 2016) : 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.12.002.

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Singh, Akaljot, Holly M. Poling, Jason R. Spence, James M. Wells et Michael A. Helmrath. « Gastrointestinal organoids : a next-generation tool for modeling human development ». American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 319, no 3 (1 septembre 2020) : G375—G381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00199.2020.

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Gastrointestinal organoids are an exciting new tool for modeling human development, physiology, and disease in human tissue. Derived from pluripotent stem cells, gastrointestinal organoids consist of epithelial and mesenchymal cells organized in an intricate, three-dimensional structure that recapitulates the physiology and microscopic anatomy of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In vitro derivation of gastrointestinal organoids from definitive endoderm has permitted an exploration of the complex signaling pathways required for the initial maturation of each individual gastrointestinal organ. Further maturation beyond an early fetal state currently requires transplantation into an immunocompromised host. Transplantation-induced maturation provides an opportunity to functionally interrogate the key mechanisms underlying development of the human GI tract. Gastrointestinal organoids can also be used to model human diseases and ultimately may serve as the basis for developing novel, personalized therapies for human intestinal diseases.
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Grebennikov, Egor K., Inna N. Grebennikova, Anna M. Subotyalova et Mikhail A. Subotyalov. « History of aviation physiology ». RUDN Journal of Medicine 27, no 4 (15 décembre 2023) : 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2023-27-4-411-418.

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Relevance. In studying the history of medical and biological disciplines, an important part is the identification of the stages of their formation and development. In this regard, it seems important to make a historical and scientific analytical review of the development of ideas about aviation physiology, covering different stages of the history of science and reflecting the contribution of researchers from different regions. It will be useful for teaching historical and scientific and special disciplines, as well as for researchers involved in the study of aviation physiology. The need to understand how the human body functions in flight arose along with the development of aeronautics. The study is devoted to the analysis of the main stages in the development of aviation physiology. The purpose of the study - to characterize the stages of formation and development of aviation physiology. Research methods. In preparing this publication, articles in publications included in the RSCI, PubMed, and Scopus were mainly used. Preference was given to materials published in the last 15 years. The main results present the stages of development of aviation physiology with a description of the contribution of the main researchers in this field. The achievements of domestic scientists, doctors, physiologists I.M. Sechenov, L.A. Orbeli, G.M. Zarakovsky are analyzed, their scientific priorities in the development of this scientific direction are presented. The process of formation and development of aviation physiology as a direction of biomedical knowledge is presented. Before the advent of aviation (19th century), hypoxia was studied in the study of balloon flights. With the advent of high-speed and maneuverable aircraft, aviation physiology began to study the body’s response to overloads caused by highly maneuverable flights. Conclusion . The development of aviation physiology can be divided into two stages. 1. Pre-aviation, within which the emergence of this area of medico-biological knowledge takes place. 2. Aviation, at this stage scientists have the opportunity to study different multidirectional overloads and their effect on the human body. Currently, aviation physiology is one of the important branches of physiology, aviation and space medicine.
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Beaglehole, Robert, Srinath Reddy et Stephen R. Leeder. « Poverty and Human Development ». Circulation 116, no 17 (23 octobre 2007) : 1871–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.107.736926.

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Titu, Stefan, Cristiana Maria Grapa, Teodora Mocan, Ovidiu Balacescu et Alexandru Irimie. « Tetraspanins : Physiology, Colorectal Cancer Development, and Nanomediated Applications ». Cancers 13, no 22 (12 novembre 2021) : 5662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13225662.

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Tetraspanins are transmembrane proteins expressed in a multitude of cells throughout the organism. They contribute to many processes that surround cell–cell interactions and are associated with the progress of some diseases, including cancer. Their crucial role in cell physiology is often understated. Furthermore, recent studies have shown their great potential in being used as targeting molecules. Data have suggested the potential of tetraspanins as a targeting vector for nanomediated distribution and delivery for colorectal cancer applications. Our aim is to provide a review on the important part that tetraspanins play in the human organism and highlight their potential use for drug delivery systems using nanotechnology.
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Briley, Paul M., Elizabeth B. Liddle, Madeleine J. Groom, Helen J. F. Smith, Peter G. Morris, Giles L. Colclough, Matthew J. Brookes et Peter F. Liddle. « Development of human electrophysiological brain networks ». Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no 6 (1 décembre 2018) : 3122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00293.2018.

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Functional activity in the human brain is intrinsically organized into independently active, connected brain regions. These networks include sensorimotor systems, as well as higher-order cognitive networks such as the default mode network (DMN), which dominates activity when the brain is at rest, and the frontoparietal (FPN) and salience (SN) networks, which are often engaged during demanding tasks. Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suggests that although sensory systems are mature by the end of childhood, the integrity of the FPN and SN develops throughout adolescence. There has been little work to corroborate these findings with electrophysiology. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings of 48 participants (aged 9–25 yr) at rest, we find that beta-band functional connectivity within the FPN, SN, and DMN continues to increase through adolescence, whereas connectivity in the visual system is mature by late childhood. In contrast to fMRI results, but replicating the MEG findings of Schäfer et al. (Schäfer CB, Morgan BR, Ye AX, Taylor MJ, Doesburg SM. Hum Brain Mapp 35: 5249–5261, 2014), we also see that connectivity between networks increases rather than decreases with age. This suggests that the development of coordinated beta-band oscillations within and between higher-order cognitive networks through adolescence might contribute to the developing abilities of adolescents to focus their attention and coordinate diverse aspects of mental activity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using magnetoencephalography to assess beta frequency oscillations, we show that functional connectivity within higher-order cognitive networks increases from childhood, reaching adult values by age 20 yr. In contrast, connectivity within a primary sensory (visual) network reaches adult values by age 14 yr. In contrast to functional MRI findings, connectivity between cognitive networks matures at a rate similar to within-network connectivity, suggesting that coordination of beta oscillations both within and between networks is associated with maturation of cognitive skills.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Human Development – physiology"

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McElroy, Mary Catherine. « The role of antioxidant enzymes in human lung development ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293725.

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Parker, Dawn Fiona. « Factors controlling the development and strength of human skeletal muscle ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244016.

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Kuo, Hongqi. « Nuclear and chromosomal abnormalities in human preimplantation development in vitro ». Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251676.

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Fryer, Anthony Alan. « Studies on the biochemical development of human lung and brain ». Thesis, Keele University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306225.

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Bucklow, C. W. M. « English science and the development of plant physiology in the second half of the seventeenth century ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371615.

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Zhu, Meidong. « Development and regression of the human hyaloid system ». Thesis, Sydney Medical School, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14472.

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Xu, Li Jing. « Oxygen and lung development in newborn rats and chick embryos ». Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61955.

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Chandaria, Rehma. « Scaffold development to engineer human intestinal epithelial tissue grafts ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41875/.

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Epithelial crypts isolated from normal colon mucosa have been cultured in vitro in the form of organoids. These organoids have been shown to have regenerative potential when implanted in mouse models of denuded colon mucosa. However, a major limitation in the translation of these studies to a clinical setting is the use of Matrigel, which is clinically unsuitable due to its undefined composition and potential for tumourigenicity. Additionally, enclosed organoids do not fully reproduce the structure and function of native tissue, and do not lead to full integration into the host. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis was to investigate different scaffolds for their ability to support growth of primary colon epithelial cells in order to form an open monolayer structure that resembles native epithelium. It was anticipated that in vitro culture of primary colon cells would be more efficient with isolated stem cells than with an entire heterogeneous epithelial cell population. Therefore, the side population technique was explored using established cell lines as a method of isolating a population enriched in stem cells, based on their ability to efflux the Hoechst 33342 dye. This was found to be irreproducible and unreliable so was not pursued further. Various scaffolds were manufactured, characterised and seeded with colon epithelial cell lines to investigate how their morphological and biochemical characteristics influenced cell proliferation and differentiation. Electrospun nanofibre and microfibre scaffolds made from the synthetic material PET, and the natural polymer gelatin were fabricated. All electrospun scaffolds supported proliferation, and cells on gelatin nanofibre scaffolds differentiated to form tight junctions that are typical of epithelial cells, while also expressing increased levels of the stem cell marker ABCG2. Thereby, gelatin nanofibres demonstrated the ability to support appropriate cell differentiation while maintaining a pool of stem cells. Gelatin in the form of hydrogel scaffolds was also investigated for its ability to support cell proliferation and influence cell differentiation. Moreover, a novel method of rapidly 3D printing scaffolds using unmodified gelatin was presented. Both planar and 3D gelatin scaffolds were able to support proliferation and tight junction formation in Caco2 cells. Thus, it was concluded that gelatin hydrogels are a suitable substrate for proliferation and differentiation of colon carcinoma cell lines, and that the addition of the printed topography did not have any negative effects on cell growth and behaviour. Epithelial crypts were isolated from human colon mucosa and expanded in vitro in the form of organoids, as previously published. It was found that the precise nature and source of organoid media components are critical for successful primary cell culture. A method in which the Wnt signalling cascade is indirectly activated by GSK3β inhibition was found to be partially successful for growing organoids and may be a potential alternative culture method. Primary organoid cells were seeded onto gelatin nanofibre and hydrogel scaffolds, however the cells did not proliferate in these preliminary experiments. Overall, it was concluded that although the gelatin scaffolds demonstrated promising results with colon carcinoma cell lines, more research would be required in order to produce scaffolds that can support growth of primary colon epithelial cells.
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Ahmad, Mehtab. « Interleukin-1α as a biomarker of human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development and progression ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7712/.

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This Thesis presents an analysis of the role of interleukin (IL)-1α (IL-1α) as a potential future surrogate biomarker for AAA. It is the only research work to date to have looked into the role of IL-1α as a biomarker in AAA disease, correlating titres with different anatomical, morphological and patient-related factors. It is the first piece, in over 20 years of published literature, to have performed a robust methodology study on the measurement of IL-1a in serum samples using different techniques. A comparison study of commercially available immunoassays in the context of IL-1α has never been undertaken before, and we are the first to undertake one. Additionally the work on the natural history of AAA is one of the largest single-centre cohort studies to analyse AAA growth in surveillance. The work covers three main areas: identifying why current strategies for monitoring AAA are ineffective, analysis of different serum processing methodologies and commercially available immunoassays used to measure IL-1α, and linking IL-1α to different anatomical, morphological and patient-related AAA factors.
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Cavilla, Jennifer Louise. « The effects of factors influencing human oocyte maturation upon fertilization and preimplantation embryo development ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73509/.

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The competence of oocytes to mature and undergo fertilization and embryonic development is known to be influenced by the conditions under which their maturation occurs. Suboptimal maturation in vitro currently limits the use of immature oocytes for embryo creation. This project examines the relationship between the conditions of in vitro maturation of human oocytes and aspects of their subsequent developmental competence through the in vitro creation and analysis of research embryos. This work is essential in defining effective and safe conditions for the use of human immature oocytes in programmes of clinical treatment to alleviate infertility. Human immature oocytes were exposed in vitro to various concentrations of meiosis activating sterol (FF-MAS), an endogenous mediator of follicle and oocyte function, or epidermal growth factor (EOP), in the absence of other hormonal support. Their survival and further development relative to controls were measured by assessing the proportions maturing, fertilizing by sperm injection (ICSI), and cleaving in vitro. Image analysis was used to measure various dimensions of oocytes and embryos daily. A pilot study of chromosome and spindle configurations at meiotic metaphase was also conducted. The major findings of this project are that FF-MAS supplementation of maturation medium has different positive effects upon immature oocytes arising from patient groups having different endocrine profiles and yielding differing oocyte populations. FF-MAS at 30J.lg/ml promotes survival of oocytes from unstimulated patients with polycystic ovaries (p
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Livres sur le sujet "Human Development – physiology"

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Werner, Lynne A. Human auditory development. Madison : Brown & Benchmark Publishers, 1996.

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Werner, Lynne A. Human auditory development. Boulder, Colo : Westview Press, 1996.

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Skeet, Muriel. Know your body : Structure, function and development : for community health education programmes. London : Macmillan, 1986.

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Gabbard, Carl. Lifelong motor development. 4e éd. San Francisco : Benjamin Cummings, 2004.

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Gabbard, Carl. Lifelong motor development. 2e éd. Madison, Wis : Brown & Benchmark Publishers, 1996.

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Cameron, Noël. Human growth and development. London, UK : Elsevier/AP, 2012.

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Cameron, Noël. Human growth and development. Amsterdam : Academic Press, 2002.

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J, Warburton Stephen, dir. Comparative developmental physiology : Contributions, tools, and trends. New York : Oxford University Press, 2005.

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John, Archer. Ethology and human development. New York : Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1992.

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J, Massaro Edward, et Rogers John M, dir. Folate and human development. Totowa, N.J : Humana Press, 2002.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Human Development – physiology"

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Brandis, M. « Normal Development and Growth ». Dans Comprehensive Human Physiology, 2373–90. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60946-6_123.

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Hastings, Paul D., Sarah S. Kahle et Georges H. P. Han. « Developmental Affective Psychophysiology : Using Physiology to Inform Our Understanding of Emotional Development ». Dans Contributions to Human Development, 13–28. Basel : S. KARGER AG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000354347.

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Alekseev, Nikolai Petrovitch. « Origin and Development of the Mammary Glands ». Dans Physiology of Human Female Lactation, 11–66. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66364-3_2.

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Mathew, Tintu, Jochen Zange, Joern Rittweger et Rainer Herpers. « A Computer Game Based Motivation System for Human Physiology Studies ». Dans Serious Games Development and Applications, 123–34. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33687-4_10.

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Lingnert, Hans. « Development of the Maillard Reaction During Food Processing ». Dans The Maillard Reaction in Food Processing, Human Nutrition and Physiology, 171–85. Basel : Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9127-1_18.

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Hennessey, Anna M. « Chinese Images of Nature, Body, and Cosmos : Visualizing Human Physiology and Homeostasis with the Natural World ». Dans Sustainable Development Goals Series, 263–71. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79301-2_30.

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Berre, Nanna, Gabriela Castro, Henrik Kjeldsberg, Rami Masri et Ingeborg Gjerde. « A Computational Study of Flow Instabilities in Aneurysms ». Dans Computational Physiology, 63–75. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05164-7_6.

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AbstractThe majority of hemorrhagic strokes are caused by cerebral aneurysms, harboured in a large portion of the human population. Currently, it is unclear what constitutes a dangerous aneurysm, and the risk of rupture of such aneurysms is challenging to quantify. Previous studies have shown that flow dynamics play an important role in the development of aneurysms. However, there is varying consensus on blood flow patterns and stability. In this work, we formulate a Reynolds–Orr method to quantify the stability of blood flow in arteries. Applying this method to blood flow in four different arterial models, we find that the blood flow therein is unstable under physiological conditions. We show the most unstable eigenmodes for each of these models and discuss how they potentially could help explain the initiation and growth of aneurysms.
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Bloothooft, Meye, Joseph G. Shuttleworth, Gabriel Neiman, Ishan Goswami et Andrew G. Edwards. « Recapitulating Functional Heterogeneity in Electrophysiologically Active Tissues ». Dans Computational Physiology, 45–64. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25374-4_4.

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AbstractInter-cellular heterogeneity is central to the dynamic range and robustness of function in many tissues, particularly electrically excitable tissues. In pancreatic islet 𝛽-cells, inter-cellular heterogeneity underlies the range of insulin response to glucose. In human-induced-pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCCMs), inter-cellular heterogeneity presents a key challenge for drug screening applications. In this study, we assess the ability to reconstruct inter-cellular heterogeneity in silico by applying a “population of models” (PoMs) framework, i.e. collections of computational cells created via Monte Carlo variation of model parameters. We define parameter variation based on experimentally observed heterogeneity in properties such as ion current conductances and enzymatic affinities. We then assess the accuracy of those reconstructions, based on the degree to which variation in PoM outputs (e.g. action potential duration) matches experimentally observed variation. We report that this “ground-up” approach underestimates functional heterogeneity in the hiPSC-CM population, but overestimates it in adult human cardiomyocytes. In contrast, the 𝛽-cell PoM captures three distinct and physiologically relevant subclasses of 𝛽-cell function. In the future, we expect PoM approaches like these willpermit incorporation of realistic cellular heterogeneity in detailed models of intact tissues, and thereby aid development of sophisticated tissue-engineered platforms for therapeutics.
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Van Someren, E. J. W. « Ambulatory monitoring of human behavior, physiology and environment - A Research and Development agenda to go beyond actigraphy ». Dans IFMBE Proceedings, 362–65. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03885-3_101.

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Mosmans, P. C. M., et E. J. Jonkman. « Normal physiology and pathophysiology of human cerebral blood flow ». Dans Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 75–86. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4305-6_6.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Human Development – physiology"

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Romá-Mateo, Carlos, Conrado Javier Calvo et Gloria Olaso-González. « 'INVISIBLE PHYSIOLOGY' : TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUDIOVISUAL RESOURCES FOR IMPROVING TEACHING-LEARNING METHODOLOGIES IN HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY AND HEALTH SCIENCE COURSES ». Dans 12th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2019.1847.

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Kobzeva, N. D., R. S. Durov, E. V. Varnakova et K. O. Kobzev. « IMPORTANT PROBLEMS OF MEDICAL LAW IN MODERN RUSSIA ». Dans STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.713-715.

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The comparative analysis of various problems of medical law in Russia is carried out. It is shown that there is no uniform approach to these problems, which makes it difficult in the criminal process to distinguish between guilty and innocent actions in medical practice. Additional complexity is a certain incompleteness of modern ideas about human physiology and pathology.
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Juan, Maria Emília, et Maria Pilar Vinardell. « CHATGPT AS A TOOL TO FOSTER CRITICAL THINKING IN A HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY COURSE FOR STUDENTS OF THE DEGREE OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS ». Dans 18th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2024.0562.

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Singh, Harprit, Samira Hachemi et Antonio Peña-Fernández. « STUDENT FACILITATED WALK-IN WORKSHOPS TO SUPPORT PEER-LEARNING OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY ON HEALTH SCIENCE PROGRAMMES ». Dans International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2017.0431.

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Liang, Yun, Keith M. Stantz, Ganapathy Krishnamurthi, Laigao Chen et Gary D. Hutchins. « Investigation of Contrast-Enhanced In-Vivo Animal Imaging With Micro-CT ». Dans ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33053.

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Rapid progress in molecular biology, much sparked by the human Genome Project, is opening a new era in medicine and biology. The development of in-vivo micro-imaging technology for small animals (mice and rats) has generated unprecedented opportunities for studying the structural and physiologic properties exhibited by different genes in a cost-effective and low-risk means. This knowledge, in turn, will help guide the study in human genetic system. Micro-computed tomograph (microCT) with resolution on the scale of micrometer is a new technique for obtaining the 3D images of the internal structure of small objects [1,2]. Its biological and medical applications include noninvasively screening animals for genetic mutations and identification as well as monitoring of structural and physiology properties that are linked with specific genes. This paper reports on our preliminary investigation on two aspects of this new imaging technique: (1) an initial experience of instrumentation capability and limitation, and (2) the contrast enhancement strategy necessary for organ-specific anatomic and physiologic studies.
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Dagnelie, Gislin. « Narrowing the gap between physiology and perception : VEPs as a tool to study linking propositions ». Dans OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.tud5.

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The debate on the validity of linking propositions [Teller, Vision Res. (1984)] is complicated by a threefold gap: anatomical, between experimentally accessible neuronal structures and the unknown substate of perceptual states; philogenetic, between species whose physiology has been studied in detail and the single species whose mental states are verifiable; and paradigmatic, between approaches traditionally employed by the physiological and psychological communities. Visually evoked potentials (VEPs) have found application in the clinical field and in studies of human development. They also provide a challenging approach to the study of linking propositions.
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Appelle, A. « Integration of wearable and ambient sensors towards characterization of physical effort ». Dans Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902455-39.

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Abstract. Human performance monitoring in complex operational environments calls for sensing solutions that measure human physiology as well as human interactions with their surroundings. Recent advances in multimodal sensing have led to the development of intelligent environments that analyze human activities with high granularity. One of the greatest challenges is to unify multiple discrete sensing systems through synchronization and integration of multimodal data streams. This paper describes an intelligent environment that consolidates wearable skin-strain sensors for physiological monitoring; geophones and microphones to record ambient vibrations and sounds; and video cameras to visually observe human activities. We show proof-of-concept functionality by using the system to differentiate walking effort in human subjects. First, the work shows the alignment of wearable and ambient sensor time-history records. Then, data features are extracted and correlated to walking speed using three sensor modalities. Finally, feature-level analysis is done to associate the data features with the perceived walking exertion for each subject.
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Nerem, Robert M. « Hemodynamics, Vascular Biology, and Atherosclerosis ». Dans ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1922.

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Abstract During the latter half of this century biomechanics has made an enormous impact on medicine and biology. This started with the recognition that many tissues within the human body reside in a mechanical environment, i.e. they are subjected to mechanical stresses. Initially the intent was to apply existing knowledge of mechanics to problems arising from medicine and biology. As with all of bioengineering, what has evolved, however, is a true integration of the biology with the mechanics. With this biomechanics has emerged as an important field of endeavor in our attempt to understand basic biological mechanisms, the physiology of the human body, and disease processes. It also has contributed to the development of new clinical treatment strategies and to improved medical devices and implants.
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Yih, T. C., Madhu V. Shurpali, Sandeep Apsangi et Sankar Pemmaraju. « Design and Analysis of an Anthropometric Leg of the Humanoid Robot : Tyche ». Dans ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32488.

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This paper is concerned with the development of an anthropometric robotic leg for the humanoid robot, Tyche (Goddess of fortune). The design is based on physiology and anthropometry of human leg. The geometries of the links are finalized based on topological studies and avoidance of singularity condition. Fault tolerant design is incorporated in the design. A pantograph mechanism is used as the control device, which helps in magnifying the input. The kinematic and dynamic analyses are performed on the Tyche-leg. Five different cases are considered based on a cubic input motion profile. The kinematic and dynamic parameters are plotted with respect to time.
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Dias, Grazielle Suhett, Aline Sereia, Lais Yamanaka, Paloma Rubin, Ana Christof et Luiz Felipe Valter de Oliveira. « Probiome : knowing our second genome, the gut microbiota ». Dans XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.638.

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The gut microbiota a plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the human body. In recent years, studies are unraveling how the gut microbiota influences not only health and gastrointesPnal disorders, but also other distal organs and systems. Recently, studies are been showing that gut’s bacteria can affect central nervous system physiology and inflammaPon. The gastrointesPnal tract and the nervous system communicate each other through a bidirecPonal signaling network known as brain-intesPne axis. This network is made up of mulPple connecPons that include vagus nerve, immune system and metabolisms, such as metabolites and products derived from intesPnal bacteria. Depression, MulPple Sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s Disease and AuPsPc Spectrum Disorders are among the most studied neurological condiPons in the gut microbiota field. BiomeHub is a biotechnology StartUP that pioneered the development and performance of analyzes based on cuXngedge genomics and bioinformaPcs technologies applied to microbiology. The company developed the first validated Brazilian intesPnal microbiome test, which all steps are performed in Brazil, in its own infrastructure, using the state of the art in DNA sequencing technologies and analysis of biological data. Probiome is a molecular test capable of detecPng the complex bacteria community that make up the IntesPnal Microbiota, by sequencing the DNA of these bacteria. The growing knowledge accumulaPon about human microbiome allowed rapid advances and it has been building a solid foundaPon for the development of prognoses, diagnoses and clinical intervenPons, while it creates a new paradigm in personalized medicine. Probiome enables a targeted medical and nutriPonal approach through cross-checking between the profile data of the gut microbiota and the paPent clinical condiPons, assisPng in the elaboraPon of more accurate diets and therapies, selecPon of probioPcs and prebioPcs, among other approaches to gut microbiota intervenPons.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Human Development – physiology"

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Fait, Aaron, Grant Cramer et Avichai Perl. Towards improved grape nutrition and defense : The regulation of stilbene metabolism under drought. United States Department of Agriculture, mai 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594398.bard.

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The goals of the present research proposal were to elucidate the physiological and molecular basis of the regulation of stilbene metabolism in grape, against the background of (i) grape metabolic network behavior in response to drought and of (ii) varietal diversity. The specific objectives included the study of the physiology of the response of different grape cultivars to continuous WD; the characterization of the differences and commonalities of gene network topology associated with WD in berry skin across varieties; the study of the metabolic response of developing berries to continuous WD with specific attention to the stilbene compounds; the integration analysis of the omics data generated; the study of isolated drought-associated stress factors on the regulation of stilbene biosynthesis in plantaand in vitro. Background to the topic Grape quality has a complex relationship with water input. Regulated water deficit (WD) is known to improve wine grapes by reducing the vine growth (without affecting fruit yield) and boosting sugar content (Keller et al. 2008). On the other hand, irregular rainfall during the summer can lead to drought-associated damage of fruit developmental process and alter fruit metabolism (Downey et al., 2006; Tarara et al., 2008; Chalmers et al., 792). In areas undergoing desertification, WD is associated with high temperatures. This WD/high temperature synergism can limit the areas of grape cultivation and can damage yields and fruit quality. Grapes and wine are the major source of stilbenes in human nutrition, and multiple stilbene-derived compounds, including isomers, polymers and glycosylated forms, have also been characterized in grapes (Jeandet et al., 2002; Halls and Yu, 2008). Heterologous expression of stilbenesynthase (STS) in a variety of plants has led to an enhanced resistance to pathogens, but in others the association has not been proven (Kobayashi et al., 2000; Soleas et al., 1995). Tomato transgenic plants harboring a grape STS had increased levels of resveratrol, ascorbate, and glutathione at the expense of the anthocyanin pathways (Giovinazzo et al. 2005), further emphasizing the intermingled relation among secondary metabolic pathways. Stilbenes are are induced in green and fleshy parts of the berries by biotic and abiotic elicitors (Chong et al., 2009). As is the case for other classes of secondary metabolites, the biosynthesis of stilbenes is not very well understood, but it is known to be under tight spatial and temporal control, which limits the availability of these compounds from plant sources. Only very few studies have attempted to analyze the effects of different environmental components on stilbene accumulation (Jeandet et al., 1995; Martinez-Ortega et al., 2000). Targeted analyses have generally shown higher levels of resveratrol in the grape skin (induced), in seeded varieties, in varieties of wine grapes, and in dark-skinned varieties (Gatto et al., 2008; summarized by Bavaresco et al., 2009). Yet, the effect of the grape variety and the rootstock on stilbene metabolism has not yet been thoroughly investigated (Bavaresco et al., 2009). The study identified a link between vine hydraulic behavior and physiology of stress with the leaf metabolism, which the PIs believe can eventually lead to the modifications identified in the developing berries that interested the polyphenol metabolism and its regulation during development and under stress. Implications are discussed below.
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Lers, Amnon, Majid R. Foolad et Haya Friedman. genetic basis for postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600014.bard.

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ABSTRACT Postharvest losses of fresh produce are estimated globally to be around 30%. Reducing these losses is considered a major solution to ensure global food security. Storage at low temperatures is an efficient practice to prolong postharvest performance of crops with minimal negative impact on produce quality or human health and the environment. However, many fresh produce commodities are susceptible to chilling temperatures, and the application of cold storage is limited as it would cause physiological chilling injury (CI) leading to reduced produce quality. Further, the primary CI becomes a preferred site for pathogens leading to decay and massive produce losses. Thus, chilling sensitive crops should be stored at higher minimal temperatures, which curtails their marketing life and in some cases necessitates the use of other storage strategies. Development of new knowledge about the biological basis for chilling tolerance in fruits and vegetables should allow development of both new varieties more tolerant to cold, and more efficient postharvest storage treatments and storage conditions. In order to improve the agricultural performance of modern crop varieties, including tomato, there is great potential in introgression of marker-defined genomic regions from wild species onto the background of elite breeding lines. To exploit this potential for improving tomato fruit chilling tolerance during postharvest storage, we have used in this research a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the red-fruited tomato wild species SolanumpimpinellifoliumL. accession LA2093 and an advanced Solanum lycopersicumL. tomato breeding line NCEBR-1, developed in the laboratory of the US co-PI. The original specific objectives were: 1) Screening of RIL population resulting from the cross NCEBR1 X LA2093 for fruit chilling response during postharvest storage and estimation of its heritability; 2) Perform a transcriptopmic and bioinformatics analysis for the two parental lines following exposure to chilling storage. During the course of the project, we learned that we could measure greater differences in chilling responses among specific RILs compared to that observed between the two parental lines, and thus we decided not to perform transcriptomic analysis and instead invest our efforts more on characterization of the RILs. Performing the transcriptomic analysis for several RILs, which significantly differ in their chilling tolerance/sensitivity, at a later stage could result with more significant insights. The RIL population, (172 lines), was used in field experiment in which fruits were examined for chilling sensitivity by determining CI severity. Following the field experiments, including 4 harvest days and CI measurements, two extreme tails of the response distribution, each consisting of 11 RILs exhibiting either high sensitivity or tolerance to chilling stress, were identified and were further examined for chilling response in greenhouse experiments. Across the RILs, we found significant (P < 0.01) correlation between field and greenhouse grown plants in fruit CI. Two groups of 5 RILs, whose fruits exhibited reproducible chilling tolerant/sensitive phenotypes in both field and greenhouse experiments, were selected for further analyses. Numerous genetic, physiological, biochemical and molecular variations were investigated in response to postharvest chilling stress in the selected RILs. We confirmed the differential response of the parental lines of the RIL population to chilling stress, and examined the extent of variation in the RIL population in response to chilling treatment. We determined parameters which would be useful for further characterization of chilling response in the RIL population. These included chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, water loss, total non-enzymatic potential of antioxidant activity, ascorbate and proline content, and expression of LeCBF1 gene, known to be associated with cold acclimation. These parameters could be used in continuation studies for the identification and genetic mapping of loci contributing to chilling tolerance in this population, and identifying genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance in tomato. Once genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance are identified, the trait could be transferred to different genetic background via marker-assisted selection (MAS) and breeding. The collaborative research established in this program has resulted in new information and insights in this area of research and the collaboration will be continued to obtain further insights into the genetic, molecular biology and physiology of postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. The US Co-PI, developed the RIL population that was used for screening and measurement of the relevant chilling stress responses and conducted statistical analyses of the data. Because we were not able to grow the RIL population under field conditions in two successive generations, we could not estimate heritability of response to chilling temperatures. However, we plan to continue the research, grow the RIL progeny in the field again, and determine heritability of chilling tolerance in a near future. The IS and US investigators interacted regularly and plan to continue and expand on this study, since combing the expertise of the Co-PI in genetics and breeding with that of the PI in postharvest physiology and molecular biology will have great impact on this line of research, given the significant findings of this one-year feasibility project.
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