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1
Parsons, Talcott. « The theory of human behavior in its individual and social aspects ». American Sociologist 27, no 4 (décembre 1996) : 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02692048.
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Popovych, Tereziia. « Social obligations : theoretical and legal aspects ». Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no 1 (15 avril 2020) : 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2020.12.
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The article is devoted to the study of the nature of social obligation, its genesis and variants. It has been established that historically social obligations have arisen with the emergence of the beginnings of morality in human society and the awareness of human responsibility towards one another within their community. In the future, with the development of humanity and the diversity of social interactions, the institute of obligation was modified to take on new features. Thus, if in the early periods of existence of human society, it was impossible to speak about their belonging to the legal field, given the absence of any, at least minimal, fixation of this category at the normative level, then the development of law and legislation led to the emergence of legally binding obligations. It has been researched that social obligation means a socially recognized need for a certain behavior of a person, a kind of proper or useful, which is objectively conditioned by the needs of existence and development of other persons, social groups, nations, humanity.
The article also analyzes that, depending on the particular nature of the emergence of specific social obligations, the characteristics of the subject that establishes them, and defines the guarantees of its implementation, distinguish varieties of social obligation. Allocated moral obligations, religious obligations, corporate, professional, legal and other obligations. Moreover, the author considers it inappropriate to completely differentiate between these phenomena, since all of them, as embodiments of certain socially necessary behavior, are interconnected and can be considered as a logical continuation of each other.
In addition, it is emphasized that the substantive characteristic of a legal obligation as a special type of social obligation is a "legal necessity". The latter, on the one hand, indicates that the obligation exists and develops within the limits of the lawful and statutory conduct required by law. On the other hand, it expresses the content of the obligation and its inherent behavior. The "need" to disclose the obligation plays the same role that the "opportunity" plays in the concept of the rights and freedoms of the individual.
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Soloshchuk, Lyudmyla, et Yuliia Skrynnik. « Social Roles as a Construct of Ecological Interaction : Diachronic Aspects ». Theory and Practice in Language Studies 12, no 8 (1 août 2022) : 1483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1208.03.
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Ecolinguistics contributes to the understanding of how language serves to shape, nurture, influence, or destroy human relationships. Language is a part of the living world that allows directing the human activity. The focus of this study lies in researching of a human speech behavior, which displays the connection between the past, present and future of the humanity, and demonstrates the relationship between language, essence of life and human consciousness. The results of such interpretation find their presentation in the system of ideas concerning the world and, as a result, shape the principles of human interaction, which present a unique social and historical experience. The research material consists of dialogic fragments from fiction and film scripts of the XX and XXI centuries, which illustrate the changes in verbal and non-verbal behaviour of a discursive personality while implementing different social roles in the process of communication. The analysis of the differences in the speech repertoire of a discursive personality when performing various social roles is based on the principles of ecolinguistics, discourse theory and linguopragmatics. The methodological basis allowed to compare the rules of human interaction in the XX and XXI centuries and to project the direction of these changes in the human view of the world in future.
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Sarybaeva, I., et Z. Bolat. « МАСКҮНЕМДІКТІҢ ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК ПАТОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ АСПЕКТІЛЕРІ МІНЕЗ-ҚҰЛЫҚ ФОРМАСЫ РЕТІНДЕ ». Journal of Psychology and Sociology 64, no 1 (2018) : 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jpss-2018-1-622.
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Mustafi, Mevledin. « Legal Justice and Historical Aspects of the Appearance of Criminality ». European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 1, no 3 (30 décembre 2015) : 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v1i3.p79-82.
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Criminality as a negative and dangerous social phenomenon presents a social occurrence manifested in different forms during the entire course of human history. Historically, it has been proved that since the ancient times of existence of human society, since primitive community, there have been not only deviations, but also other forms of excessive behavior through breaking the rules, values and social relations of life where they existed. However, the forms of breaking such behavioral rules and the manner of reaction towards these behaviors have changed during the course of development of human communities in accordance to economic ties and as a result also to those cultural. With time passing and the emergence of classes in societies, as well as due to the influence of economic conditions in the life of all members of organized society within a state, crime became a more massive social phenomenon. Thus, in order to successfully develop the fight against it, within class societies emerged a special instrument: the law through which certain behaviors were regulated.
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Mustafi, Mevledin. « Legal Justice and Historical Aspects of the Appearance of Criminality ». European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no 1 (30 décembre 2015) : 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i1.p79-82.
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Criminality as a negative and dangerous social phenomenon presents a social occurrence manifested in different forms during the entire course of human history. Historically, it has been proved that since the ancient times of existence of human society, since primitive community, there have been not only deviations, but also other forms of excessive behavior through breaking the rules, values and social relations of life where they existed. However, the forms of breaking such behavioral rules and the manner of reaction towards these behaviors have changed during the course of development of human communities in accordance to economic ties and as a result also to those cultural. With time passing and the emergence of classes in societies, as well as due to the influence of economic conditions in the life of all members of organized society within a state, crime became a more massive social phenomenon. Thus, in order to successfully develop the fight against it, within class societies emerged a special instrument: the law through which certain behaviors were regulated.
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Read, Dwight W. « The substance of cultural evolution : Culturally framed systems of social organization ». Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, no 3 (juin 2014) : 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13002987.
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AbstractModels of cultural evolution need to address not only the organizational aspects of human societies, but also the complexity and structure of cultural idea systems that frame their systems of organization. These cultural idea systems determine a framework within which behaviors take place and provide mutually understood meanings for behavior from the perspective of both agent and recipient that are critical for the coherence of human systems of social organization.
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Milenkovic, Sanja, Goran Belojevic et Radojka Kocijancic. « Social aspects of left-handedness ». Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 138, no 9-10 (2010) : 664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1010664m.
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Throughout human history left-handedness has been considered as sinful. It has been associated with the devil, weakness, female gender, unhealthiness, evil, something that has to be turned to a ?good? - right side by force. Left-handedness is being more and more acceptable at rational level, but in everyday life it is still considered to be unusual if someone writes with the left hand. Lessening of the number of lefthanders is associated with ageing. There are about 13% lefthanders among people in twenties and less than 1% lefthanders among those in eighties. This finding may be explaned with more pronounced socio-cultural pressure on left-handed people in the past, compared to nowadays. On the other hand, this may also support the hypothesis about a reduced life span of lefthanded people. With cross-exercising of left-handedness, certain typical characteristics and behavioral patterns appear in these people. This was a sort of provoked behavior and an attack on the integrity of an emotional attitude toward oneself. Stuttering may also appear as a consequence of unsuccessful cross-exercising of left-handedness. The hypothesis about left-handedness as an advantage is supported with the reports about relatively more lefthanders in some specific groups such as: mathematicians, sculptors, architects, painters, musicians, actors, tennis players, as well as famous army commanders and rulers.
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Kopsov, Igor. « A New Theory of Human Behavior and Motivation ». Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no 10 (3 novembre 2021) : 365–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.810.11088.
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We introduce a novel and comprehensive theory of human behavior and motivation, which incorporates within it both the laws of biology and core aspects of the social sciences. In continuation of the governing postulates of natural sciences we formulate the principle of preservation as the primary law of psychology; provide precise criteria for the definition of basic human needs and uncover their origin; explore the relation between body and mind; and show correlations between individual and social perspectives of life. Subsequently, we integrate these concepts into a unified model of human behavior. We reevaluate the place of psychology within the overall domain of social science and postulate the key role of psychological drives in formation of social processes both in the current and historical perspectives. The paper signifies a step towards establishment of a common paradigm of psychology.
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Bui, Tat-Dat, Ming K. Lim, Raditia Yudistira Sujanto, Monica Ongkowidjaja et Ming-Lang Tseng. « Building a Hierarchical Sustainable Consumption Behavior Model in Qualitative Information : Consumer Behavior Influences on Social Impacts and Environmental Responses ». Sustainability 14, no 16 (10 août 2022) : 9877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169877.
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This study contributes to an understanding of valid sustainable consumption behavior attributes in Indonesia, due to the current unsustainability of product usage and environmental damage. Increasing consumption requires an understanding and exploration of important aspects of the consumption process and consumers’ behaviour. Sustainable consumption fulfils human needs, increases quality of life, reduces environmental damage and minimizes the risk to human health. A set of qualitative aspects and criteria is selected, validated by experts, using the Delphi method. Qualitative information is translated into comparable scales by applying fuzzy set theory. The interrelationships among the attributes are then identified by using a decision-making trial evaluation in the laboratory. Choquet integral is used to eliminate problems of expert subjectivity and this interactivity method, thus, provides higher insight into effectively addressing uncertainties. The results show that social impact and consumer behavior have a significant role in driving sustainable consumption behavior, representing an individual’s motivation in planning or decision making when performing a specific sustainable behavior. Sustainable consumption behavior is motivated by perceived consumer effectiveness, trust from consumers, environmental knowledge, environmental responsibility, behavioral intention, emotion, and motivation regarding social consumption mot. Theoretical and managerial implications are also provided.
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Deville, Pierre, Chaoming Song, Nathan Eagle, Vincent D. Blondel, Albert-László Barabási et Dashun Wang. « Scaling identity connects human mobility and social interactions ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no 26 (6 juin 2016) : 7047–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525443113.
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Massive datasets that capture human movements and social interactions have catalyzed rapid advances in our quantitative understanding of human behavior during the past years. One important aspect affecting both areas is the critical role space plays. Indeed, growing evidence suggests both our movements and communication patterns are associated with spatial costs that follow reproducible scaling laws, each characterized by its specific critical exponents. Although human mobility and social networks develop concomitantly as two prolific yet largely separated fields, we lack any known relationships between the critical exponents explored by them, despite the fact that they often study the same datasets. Here, by exploiting three different mobile phone datasets that capture simultaneously these two aspects, we discovered a new scaling relationship, mediated by a universal flux distribution, which links the critical exponents characterizing the spatial dependencies in human mobility and social networks. Therefore, the widely studied scaling laws uncovered in these two areas are not independent but connected through a deeper underlying reality.
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Caria, Andrea, et Ginevra Matilde Dall’Ò. « Functional Neuroimaging of Human Hypothalamus in Socioemotional Behavior : A Systematic Review ». Brain Sciences 12, no 6 (30 mai 2022) : 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060707.
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There exist extensive animal research and lesion studies in humans demonstrating a tight association between the hypothalamus and socioemotional behavior. However, human neuroimaging literature in this direction is still rather limited. In order to reexamine the functional role of this region in regulating human social behavior, we here provided a synthesis of neuroimaging studies showing hypothalamic activation during affiliative, cooperative interactions, and in relation to ticklish laughter and humor. In addition, studies reporting involvement of the hypothalamus during aggressive and antisocial interactions were also considered. Our systematic review revealed a growing number of investigations demonstrating that the evolutionary conserved hypothalamic neural circuity is involved in multiple and diverse aspects of human socioemotional behavior. On the basis of the observed heterogeneity of hypothalamus-mediated socioemotional responses, we concluded that the hypothalamus might play an extended functional role for species survival and preservation, ranging from exploratory and approaching behaviors promoting social interactions to aggressive and avoidance responses protecting and defending the established social bonds.
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Kovalenko, Alla, et Albina Holovina. « Methodological Aspects of Social Preferences Research in the Context of Solving Social Dilemmas ». Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology” 1, no 13 (2021) : 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2021.1(13).6.
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The article presents an analysis of the main methodological principles and schemes of social preferences experimental research, which are determined as a fundamental concept to understanding the behavior of decision-makers in the process of resolving social dilemmas. The models presented in the article include an analysis of the factors that determine social preferences. Among them are the factors of trust, reliability, reciprocity, rejection of inequality, unconditional altruism and competitive advantage. The article provides a description of the strengths and weaknesses of the classic methods for studying social preferences, which usually take the form of ultimatum game, dictator game, trust game and public goods game. The study reveals the importance of the Nash equilibrium as a way to interpret human behavior in resource allocation during the game. Analysis of numerous literary sources shows that the ultimatum game is a classic scheme for studying the altruistic behavior of people. The submission of a proposal and its acceptance is an example of Nash's ideal equilibrium. Deviation from this balance can be interpreted as altruism. In turn, the trust game is a classic scheme for studying the reciprocity and prosocial orientation. If the behavior of players deviates from Nash's equilibrium, it is interpreted as being caused by trust and reciprocity. The dictator game is a classic scheme for studying the rejection of inequality. The subject's behavior can be interpreted as a rejection of inequality or altruism, but not as a rejection of risk, as the offer of Player 1 is mandatory for Player 2. Public goods game is a classic scheme for studying the competitive orientation. Nash's ideal balance in this form of play is to do nothing for public consumption, but deviating from this rule is interpreted as altruistic behavior that is the opposite of competitive orientation. As a result, the design of psychological research is presented, which most accurately typologies the social preferences of the subjects and can contribute to the creation of a representative model of decision-making process.
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Pyrog, Ganna V. « Psychological aspects of the functioning of religious values (Christian aspect) ». Ukrainian Religious Studies, no 39 (13 juin 2006) : 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2006.39.1747.
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The relevance of the study of the problem of Christian axiology is due to the growing interest in religion and the associated change in world outlook and values in contemporary Ukrainian society. The study of religious values is caused by the urgent problem of finding universal moral values of social development and clarifying the content, structure and nature of their functioning. However, all the basic principles of Christian doctrine acquire character of value only in the presence of subjective attitude, their personal importance for the believing individual. Only in this way can religious values influence the motivation of actions and determine human behavior.
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Pelet, Jean-Eric, et Panagiota Papadopoulou. « Consumer Behavior in the Mobile Environment ». International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 10, no 4 (octobre 2014) : 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2014100103.
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Consumer behavior in the omnipresent mobile environment constitutes a challenge for m-commerce vendors, as they seek to understand factors that affect it, positively and negatively, and to integrate social media in their mobile strategy. This paper presents an exploratory qualitative study about the use of smartphones and social media, in the context of m-commerce. The authors' objective is to facilitate the understanding of consumers' perceptions and behavior in m-commerce and social media and explore the potential of social media for m-commerce purposes. The results of their qualitative analysis show that reputation, design aspects, such as ease of use, as well as privacy and security are important factors for m-commerce and social media adoption and use. Their qualitative results also reveal factors having a negative effect to m-commerce. Business opportunities enabled by social media for m-commerce and how these can be leveraged in this promising mobile context are also discussed.
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Caldwell, Lynton Keith. « Biocracy and Democracy : Science, Ethics, and the Law ». Politics and the Life Sciences 3, no 2 (février 1985) : 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073093840000109x.
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Lynton K. Caldwell presented the following article as a paper at the third annual “Dialogues in Biology and Politics” panel co-sponsored by the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences and the American Political Science Association at their 1984 conventions in Washington, D.C.—The EditorBecause some of the language that follows is unconventional, it may be useful to clarify terms at the outset. The term biocracy as used here has two meanings, or more accurately, has two aspects to an inclusive meaning. The inclusive meaning is the influence of life forces on human social behavior, notably political behavior. The first, and basic, aspect of biocracy pertains to the actual influence of life forces on human society whether or not perceived or understood. The second aspect refers to the perceived effects on society of the findings and applications of the life sciences. Perceived effects mayor may not be consistent with actual influences; they may nonetheless shape popular attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors. To the extent that life forces are deterministic they shape the character of societies. The extent to which human social behavior is biologically determined is largely unknown. At the very least, life forces appear to set limits within which human culture may select various options.
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Romanova, N., et I. Romanova. « SOCIAL GOVERNANCE AS A REGULATOR OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR CULTURE ». Transbaikal State University Journal 27, no 5 (2021) : 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2021-27-5-88-98.
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The article substantiates the relevance of the study, which consists in the immediate management impact on the culture of a person, aimed at reviving morality, forming immunity against vulgarity, cynicism, as well as reducing the risks of exposure to an unmanageable network environment. The mechanisms of managing the culture of human behavior are considered. The object of the study is the culture of human behaviour. The subject of the study is the mechanisms of social behaviour management. The purpose of the study is to characterize and scientifically substantiate the mechanisms of regulation of people’s social behaviour in order to organize a system of normative behaviour. The objectives of the research are to identify the ideas of scientists and public figures about the modern development of culture; to study cultural elements as components of cultural complexes that have a significant impact on the types of human activity; to determine the mechanisms and means of influencing the culture of human behaviour, as well as representatives of large and small groups. The methods of argumentation are references to scientific sources, appeals to the opinions of scientists, public figures in the field of the problem under consideration. Research methodology: in the course of the study, two dominant positions of scientists have been established. One is reduced to the evolutionary development of the culture of human behaviour; the other translates a dialectical approach to the problem. In the study also a genetic approach has been used. Research methods are analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative analysis. In the course of the study, it has been revealed that scientists distinguish the sphere of purposeful activity of people, one of the manifestations of which is culture. The latter examines various aspects of people’s social behaviour and their activities. A culture that demonstrates standards of good behaviour is normative. With the help of social norms in society, the behaviour of its members is regulated. New living conditions bring cultural norms into line, and they become everyday culture. Being an organized system of behaviour, the culture forms an idea of specific cultural images. However, often the culture develops inconsistently and does not always correspond to the tasks of progress. The article presents the opinions of prominent scientists, artists, and public figures who speak about the decline of modern Russian culture, which affects human behaviour, and the need for immediate correction of the current situation. Therefore, issues of management, i. e. directed influence on representatives of various social groups, are of great importance. Managing the culture of human behavior allows you to give it a holistic foundation. The technologies of creating «destruction in the minds» used by the mass media, as well as the means of bringing them to consumers: television, social networks, mobile social services, film production, are studied The materials of the article can be used to develop management decisions in the field of forming a culture of social behavior of a person
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Rassadina, Tatyana A. « Some dysfunctional aspects of social competition in universities ». Izvestia of Saratov University. New Series. Series : Sociology. Politology 21, no 2 (25 mai 2021) : 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1818-9601-2021-21-2-150-155.
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In modern conditions of profound changes in Russian social reality socio-cultural space and social competition became a powerful factor contributing to the mobilization of the activity of individuals, groups, society as a whole. The desire of people to take a more favorable social position, the struggle for various resources construct new models of human behavior, new practices. Social competition is viewed as a form of social ties and the type of social interactions reflecting the ability of achieving goals in conditions of competition with others. It permeates the entire social fabric inherent in various social groups, organizations, including such high-status and complex ones like universities. The article analyzes the sociocultural mechanisms that accompany social competition, such as pragmatization and rationalization of consciousness and behavior, transformation of traditional values. The mechanisms of flexible-contextual rationality, deviations of values from ideal attitudes are analyzed. The practices simulating (imitating) the processes of organizing and implementing various aspects of the educational process at the university are presented. These practices contribute to the successful attainment of the actors’ goal, but are dysfunctional in the instrumental aspects related to how goal attainment occurs in a competitive environment. The influence of competitive conditions on the growth of authoritarian and bureaucratic tendencies is shown; usage of presentation paradigm and point-rating system; McDonaldized practices in which quantity is synonymous to quality. Some problems social-humanitarian cycle lecturers reducing their competitiveness, are demonstrated. The analyzed practices reflect the process of constructing the sociocultural space of universities, institutionalizing a new normative-value reality.
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Kárász, Balázs. « Social Aspects of Reliability and Security Issues of Authentication Solutions ». Hadtudományi Szemle 13, no 2 (2020) : 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2020.2.9.
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This paper marks out possible further research directions based on the research problem that security awareness or unawareness has an impact on the correct approach of society-related security issues, acting as a human risk factor. Considering technically emerging reliability problems of authentication solutions (focusing on biometrics) as vulnerabilities, the author makes suggestions upon implementing possible risk management steps. Elements of the complex answer given to security questions related to private and organisational (employee) behavior can be an increase of the level of leadership commitment, evolvement of the organisational security awareness and continuous improvement of problem handling process.
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Bydanova, Elizaveta, Natalia Mushketova et Gilles Rouet. « The Russian market of university services : social and demographic aspects ». International Journal of Educational Management 29, no 4 (11 mai 2015) : 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-08-2013-0119.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of demographic, social, economic and international aspects on the market of university services in Russia. It also reminds readers briefly of the evolution of the Russian higher education system during the last 20 years and considers some consequences of the current public policy and reforms in this sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a qualitative analysis of the marketing environment of Russian universities. Findings – The results show that it is urgent for Russian universities to think and innovate about their marketing strategies to better position themselves in the educational market that has greatly changed throughout the transition period. International competition, demographic decrease, change in age structure and consumer behavior and preferences are those trends that create new challenges. Research limitations/implications – Public policy in higher education needs to be improved also to enable better equity across territory and different universities. Practical implications – After a drastic drop in the public funding during the 1990s (from 9.6 percent of GDP in 1986 to 3.5 percent in 1990), the higher education sector in Russia is still “struggling for survival.” In spite of the increase in funding in the year 2000, public support is distributed unequally across universities, 40 universities being distinguished among more than 1,100 other existing institutions. For those institutions that are not supported by the State, an efficient marketing strategy helps to keep the pace and continue to exist and offer educational programs. In order to ensure a wide access to higher education throughout the whole territory and to let some institutions to continue to work, it is urgent to rethink and reinforce marketing research in education. Originality/value – The paper is an original study of the market for higher education services in Russia.
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de la Poza, Elena, et Lucas Jódar. « Modelling Human Behaviour in the Digital Era : Economic and Social Impacts ». ECONOMICS 7, no 2 (1 décembre 2019) : 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2019-0015.
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Abstract This paper critically analyses the implications the digitalisation process has on individuals and organization ‘s behaviour. The digital era has positive aspects such as the access to information on real time from almost any geographical place combined with the shorten the length of time of processes. In addition, new economic trends and paradigms emerge in the digital era. However, we cannot deny the existence of negative or at least unexpected aspects of the digitalization. This work highlights some of the most alarming aspects of digitization that require the attention and implementation of measures by public authorities to prevent from the collateral damages the digitalisation can produce on citizenship well-being.
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Rajan, MA Jothi, et M. Arul Sheeba Rani. « Influential ethical aspects of Covid19 in multidimensions ». Journal of Applied Biotechnology & ; Bioengineering 8, no 1 (26 février 2021) : 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2021.08.00248.
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The COVID19 pandemic poses an exceptional challenge for humanity. Because public behavior is key to curbing the pandemic at an early stage, it is important for social psychological researchers to use their knowledge to promote behaviors that help manage the crisis. Here, we identify human values as particularly important in driving both behavioral compliance to government guidelines and promoting prosocial behaviors to alleviate the strains arising from a prolonged pandemic. Existing evidence demonstrates the importance of human values, and the extent to which fellow citizens, for tackling the COVID19 crisis, share them. Individuals who attach higher importance to self‐transcendence (e.g., responsibility) and conservation (e.g., security) values are likely to be more compliant with COVID19 behavioral guidelines and to help others who are struggling with the crisis. Further, believing that fellow citizens share one's values has found to elicit a sense of connectedness that may be crucial in promoting collective efforts to contain the pandemic. The abstract nature of values, and cross-cultural agreement on their importance, suggests that they are ideally suited to developing and tailoring effective, global interventions to combat this pandemic
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Sutkaitytė, Milda. « Human Behaviour Simulation Using Space Syntax Methods ». Architecture and Urban Planning 16, no 1 (1 janvier 2020) : 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aup-2020-0013.
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Abstract City is a multi-layered structure of social, cultural, and economic aspects and their relationship through the physical space. Recognition of some patterns in those relationships is the essence for defining fragmentations in urban fabric and suggesting solutions on how those fragmentations could be solved. The article analyses how different space syntax methods can be used to find patterns in the chosen urban environment. Space syntax allows to find urban relationships between physical environment and human behavior. Space syntax suggests a few different approaches on how these relationships could be simulated: Segment Analysis perceives environment as a network of paths or streets, visibility graph analysis concentrates on inter-visual relationships, while agent-based analysis uses simple artificial intelligence for modeling movement in open space. Consequentially, the aim of this research is to find out what human behaviour aspects each of these space syntax methods are able to simulate.
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Xuan Dung, Bui. « Theory of Thomas Aquinas on human nature and its meaning in social life today ». Aufklärung : journal of philosophy 9, no 3 (30 décembre 2022) : 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18012/arf.v9i3.65673.
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International integration is deepening, so people develop in all aspects. In society, communities with individuals have relationships in humans' material and spiritual life. When society grows, more people's knowledge of the world needs to learn so that people can understand themselves and act for the development of society. The article studies the thought of Thomas Aquinas to clarify human nature in social life. The paper uses analytical, synthesis, and argumentative methods to explain human nature with its behaviors and perceptions in social life; Aquinas argued that it is human nature to do the right thing to achieve happiness. However, society is more progressive and liberals, but people always realize their lives have many injustices and difficulties. People want their lives to be happy and good but feel depressed. In this article, in an excellent society, people live according to the law and adjust their behavior according to the regulations of society; each person in the society is also better, from which the society is also humane and reasonable that the basis for building a better society in Vietnam.
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Milošević Šošo, B. Č. « Sociological aspects of alcoholism as a social deviation in Bosnia and Herzegovina ». RUDN Journal of Sociology 20, no 1 (15 décembre 2020) : 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-1-115-123.
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There has always been an interest in social-pathological problems in the society. Documents confirming our wish to find out the causes of ‘other’ types of behavior as opposed to the ‘usual’/accepted types date back to the Ancient and Middle Ages. The social significance of the study of social-pathological phenomena is evident for they allow to reveal dysfunctionalities in certain structural elements or failed socialization, which are most probably determined by destabilization of the social system and value priorities. Alcoholism as a form of deviant behavior is usually considered the most common and influential factor of destroying the physical and psychological health and of negative changes in human behavior. The article describes the level of alcoholism and the ways of perceiving it in Bosnia and Herzegovina based on the empirical data collected within the broader scientific study of the social changes in one part of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Republic of Srpska. The survey was conducted on the representative sample of 220 respondents (reflecting the social-demographic and social-economic characteristics of the general population) in 7 municipalities of the Republic of Srpska. The questionnaire consisted of both closed and partly open questions to reveal the opinions of the respondents on specific deviant forms of behavior and to find out whether the respondents are engaged in some of these deviant forms depending on their attitudes and knowledge about them.
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Cowley, J. J., et B. W. L. Brooksbank. « Human exposure to putative pheromones and changes in aspects of social behaviour ». Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 39, no 4 (octobre 1991) : 647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-0760(91)90264-6.
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Shinohara, Asami, et Shinya Yamamoto. « Mirrors Have a Modest Effect on Human Impulsivity ». Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science 7, no 1 (18 juin 2016) : 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5178/lebs.2016.46.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Human behavior is affected by various social cues. Studies have revealed that cues of being watched affect both social and non-social behavior. A subsequent question is whether one’s own image in a mirror has a noticeable effect on behavior and decision-making. Previous studies suggest that people behave in accordance with social desirability in the presence of mirrors; however, the “mirror effect” is still controversial and researchers know little about the mechanism. To further investigate this effect, the current study examined whether mirrors influence impulsivity, a feature that is closely related to decision-making in both social and non-social situations. Participants completed a delay-discounting task in a mirror condition and a no-mirror control condition. We found that relative to the control condition, participant impulsivity increased in the mirror condition. This outcome may have been triggered when the participants’ private self-awareness, contrary to public self-awareness, was activated by the mirrors. Thus, mirror-induced self-awareness might have influenced decision-making as a non-social cue in our experiment. Considering the inconsistent results among previous and present studies, the mirror effect might be influenced by the cultural difference or experimental setting. Further investigation is needed to identify how people change their behavior and which aspects of self-awareness are influenced by mirrors.
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Rha, Eun Youp, et Nicholas Belkin. « Exploring social aspects of task perception using cognitive sociology ». Aslib Journal of Information Management 72, no 4 (19 juin 2020) : 525–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-11-2019-0323.
Texte intégralRésumé :
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore effects of individuals' social context on their perception of a task, for better understanding of social aspects of task-based information seeking behavior.Design/methodology/approachThis study took a qualitative case approach and conducted semi-structured one-on-one interviews with 12 participants. A cross-context comparative approach was chosen to identify effects of the social contexts on individuals. For comparative analysis, the research population was tenured faculty members in two different disciplines, natural sciences and humanities. The interview data were analyzed and coded using NVivo12 through an open coding process.FindingsThe results demonstrate that the same task type is differently perceived by individuals in different social contexts. Reasons for the different perceptions in the different contexts are associated with social factors of the disciplines, specifically social norms and practices.Originality/valueThis study uses a novel theoretical framework, cognitive sociology, to examine social aspects of human perception in relation to task-based information seeking behavior, which has been little understood theoretically and empirically in the field of information science.
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Kravchuk, S. « Theoretical and legal aspects regulation public relations ». Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series : Law, no 69 (15 avril 2022) : 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.69.4.
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The article defines the means of social regulation, which include legal, moral, corporate, social customs, etc. At the same time, the norm is not the only means of influencing human behavior, as such means also embrace individual instructions, authoritarian orders, measures of physical, mental, organizational coercion and so on. Therefore, the legal regulation of social relations is defined by the author as a purposeful action on human behavior and public relations with the help of legal (juridical) means.
At the same time, the legislator faces the difficult task of maintaining a balance between legal regulation and social self-regulation. Before subjecting a public relation to normative regulation, it is necessary to substantiate the necessity and expediency of such a step, since the efficiency of legal regulation is determined by the compliance of the final result of legal regulation with the goals set by the legislator in the relevant legal norm. Therefore, the aim of the article is to determine the level of potency of legal norms that correspond to the objective conditions and laws of development of the society in which they operate. At the same time, their content must correspond to the social consciousness of the population, first of all to the principles of morality and the level of legal awareness, as well as to agree with the norms of its other branches.
Since the subject of legal regulation is social relations, the legal regulation is conditioned by certain objective and subjective factors. The author identifies the following factors: the level of economic development of the society; the social structure of the society; the level of maturity and stability of social relations; the level of legal culture of citizens; the level of determinancy of the subject, means and methods of legal regulation.
In a modern democratic state, the nature and types of these means are determined by a set of factors, among which the article highlights the patterns of development and fundamentals of the law system, as well as the level of the declared and actually valid rights and freedoms of man and citizen, enshrined both in acts of national law and in international legal acts ratified by the legislative body of this state.
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Garg, Radhika, et Hua Cui. « Social Contexts, Agency, and Conflicts : Exploring Critical Aspects of Design for Future Smart Home Technologies ». ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 29, no 2 (30 avril 2022) : 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485058.
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Smart devices are increasingly being designed for, and adopted in, the home environment. Prior scholarship has investigated the challenges that users face as they take up these devices in their homes. However, little is known about when and how users or potential users would prefer future domestic Internet of Things (IoT) to support their activities in home settings. To fill this gap, we conducted two co-design workshops, an in-home activity between the two sessions, and pre- and post-study interviews with 18 adult participants, who had diverse levels of prior experience of IoT use. Our findings contribute new insights into how smart home devices could adapt their behavior based on social contexts; how to re-imagine agency and support useful intelligibility; and how to resolve user-driven conflict by providing appropriate information about those with whom devices are shared. Finally, based on these findings, we discuss the implications of our work and provide a set of design considerations from which designers of future smart home technologies can benefit.
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Рябова, Татьяна, Tatyana Ryabova, Елена Эртман et Elena Ertman. « SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS OF FREE INDEPENDENT TOURISM ». Servis Plus 10, no 3 (31 août 2016) : 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21117.
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According to the main changes which take place in the field of organization of tourism nowadays, the free
independent tourism should be considered as one of the most perspective directions of development not only
of touristic area but also of area of hospitality, culture and leisure. Because of active development of free
independent tourism the following positions have a special significance: the substantiation of methodological
approaches to definite its essence; to study of backgrounds of becoming and development of this kind of tourism
in Russia and abroad; to study not only the social and cultural aspects of free independent tourism as a
popular kind of personal activity in leisure but also to disclose its specific features. The disclosing of essence
and specifics of free independent tourism is very productive, at least, in two areas. On the one side, the free
independent tourism represents the dynamics of consumer behavior in the changing economic conditions and
leads to the greater independence from the touristic firms. On the other side, this kind of touristic activity has to
be considered not only in the system of forms and directions of human leisure activity, but also as an instrument
of satisfaction of wide spectrum of leisure needs and personal interest, and as a method of its enculturation.
The characterization of basic features of free independent tourism, the definition of its essence and function
in the context of social and cultural human activity disclose the new perspectives for all-round systemic study
of conditions of functioning of this kind of tourism and its further development. The free independent tourism
will evolve steadily and rapidly as one of kind of leisure industry, which is directed to satisfy and to develop the
personal needs for spiritual and cultural development, cognition, communication and recreation. The social
and cultural content is a qualitative characteristic of free independent tourism and the most important method
which allows joining the tourists with culture, to develop and to generate their new spiritual needs.
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Zolotukhin, Vladimir, Dariya Semina et Marina Semina. « Socio-Cultural and Axiological Aspects of Economic Behavior and Satisfaction of Human Needs ». Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series : Humanities and Social Sciences 2020, no 1 (12 mai 2020) : 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2020-4-1-47-52.
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The present article considers the correlation of two key categories of human economic behavior: needs and values. As the socio-cultural attitudes of modern society change, values become the main reference point of the individual, and the ways the person chooses to realize his or her needs characterize the formation of value orientations and stereotypes of human behavior. From the point of view of development of various consumption models, the axiological attitude to goods and services is undergoing a transformation. The vector of transformation depends on how this process is reflected by human consciousness. The way one chooses to satisfy his or her needs depends on the prevailing value stereotypes in one’s economic behavior. The formation of needs and their assessment are determined by the economic reality and the socio-cultural environment. A person has the right to determine the trajectory of their economic behavior, as long as it is legal and conscious, both in the technological and economic sense. From the point of view of the subject of activity and consumption, a person is a reflection of social identity, due to the socio-cultural environment, limited by a certain awareness and understanding of the quality of life. The author focuses on the fact that certain negative socio-cultural practices caused by inefficient and problematic activities of state institutions result increase irresponsible behavior, legal nihilism, unjustified tolerance and / or zero tolerance, as well as the transformation of value stereotypes.
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Kaprisma, Hendra. « PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS : FROM THE COMMUNICATION, MEDIA, PROPAGANDA, AND SOCIAL-CULTURE PERSPECTIVE ». Jurnal Pertahanan : Media Informasi ttg Kajian & ; Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & ; Integrity 6, no 2 (11 août 2020) : 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v6i2.492.
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<p>This millennial era that is inseparable with technological advancement, the role of media and communication become more crucial. Those two components shape up and influence human psychological development. Media and communication are two aspects that intertwined from both good and bad influence. Those good and bad stigmas are also inseparable from propaganda. The strength of propaganda depends on whether or not the socio-cultural element is accurately used to deliver the selected message. Sciences regarding social system have become more important because it is related to potential target to support the psychological operations. The psychological operations consisted of delivering a particular message or information through selected media (product) to influence or modify the behavior of the receiver (target audience). In the context of national resilience, <em>astagatra</em> is also known as one of the aspects that influence the success of psychological operations. Therefore, this paper will discuss the study of psychological operations from several disciplines such as communication, media, propaganda, and socio-cultural perspective. The study regarding history and development of psychological operations will be explained using critical-literacy methods strengthened by literature review. This research finds that psychological operations are one of the ways that shown to influence human mindset and trait, or behavior to a specific target audience that supported by intertwining aspects such as communication, media, propaganda, and socio-cultural aspects that significant to the success of psychological operations of a particular country.</p>
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Barrett, Scott, Aisha Dasgupta, Partha Dasgupta, W. Neil Adger, John Anderies, Jeroen van den Bergh, Caroline Bledsoe et al. « Social dimensions of fertility behavior and consumption patterns in the Anthropocene ». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no 12 (12 mars 2020) : 6300–6307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909857117.
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We consider two aspects of the human enterprise that profoundly affect the global environment: population and consumption. We show that fertility and consumption behavior harbor a class of externalities that have not been much noted in the literature. Both are driven in part by attitudes and preferences that are not egoistic but socially embedded; that is, each household’s decisions are influenced by the decisions made by others. In a famous paper, Garrett Hardin [G. Hardin,Science162, 1243–1248 (1968)] drew attention to overpopulation and concluded that the solution lay in people “abandoning the freedom to breed.” That human attitudes and practices are socially embedded suggests that it is possible for people to reduce their fertility rates and consumption demands without experiencing a loss in wellbeing. We focus on fertility in sub-Saharan Africa and consumption in the rich world and argue that bottom-up social mechanisms rather than top-down government interventions are better placed to bring about those ecologically desirable changes.
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Osipova, N. G. « Social aspects of main religious doctrines : Hinduism ». Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 27, no 1 (26 février 2021) : 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2021-27-1-132-156.
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The article analyzes the social aspects of Hinduism as a combination of not only religious, but also mythological, legal and ethical concepts. They form, on the basis on which the social life of Indian society is largely organized. The author’s analysis of the historical development of Hinduism shows that, despite the absence of a rigid organizational structure, it has an internal unity at the social, ideological and religious levels. Hinduism is united in a whole by sacred texts and the Pantheon of Gods, recognized by almost all its trends and schools, as well as the faith in karma — the causal relationship between the actions of an individual in past incarnations and his fate, character, position in society in the current incarnation, and reincarnation. The cornerstone of both the faith and the social component of the Hindu doctrine is the concept of classes and castes, which denote separate groups whose members have a common professional occupation, do not marry other groups, and do not even share meals with them. The article considers the hierarchy of classes that originated in India in the Vedic period, as well as the principles, primarily professional and regional, of the formation of modern castes.The author analyzes a set of religious prescriptions and cult practices that regulate the daily life of Hindus, the ritual side of Hinduism associated with the most significant events in human life. Special attention is paid to new practices of “redemptive rites”, including asceticism, fasting, various methods of mortification of the flesh, and redemptive gifts. It is noted that the essence of Hinduism is not limited to its religious and ideological content. An organic integral part of it is a number of social institutions, legal and moral norms, social institutions and cultural phenomena. In this regard, Hinduism is not only and not so much a religion, but a way of life and holistic behavior, which can also have its own spiritual practice.
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Sanders, Clinton R., Jeffrey Lee Rasmussen, Susan J. Modlin, Angela M. Holder et D. W. Rajecki. « Good Dog : Aspects of Humans' Causal Attributions for a Companion Animal's Social Behavior ». Society & ; Animals 7, no 1 (1999) : 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853099x00130.
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AbstractLay theories or assumptions about nonhuman animal mentality undoubtedly influence relations between people and companion animals. In two experiments respondents gave their impressions of the mental and motivational bases of companion animal social behavior through measures of causal attribution. When gauged against the matched actions of a boy, as in the first experiment, respondents attributed a dog's playing (good behavior) to internal, dispositional factors buta dog's biting (bad behavior) to external, situational factors. A second experiment that focused on a dog's bite revealed clear attributional process on the part of observers. Higher ratings of a dog as the cause of a victim's distress predicted higher ratings of a dog's guilt. Higher ratings that a dog had an excuse predicted stronger recommendations for forgiveness. Individual differences in seeing the actor as a "good dog" systematically predicted judgments of severity of the outcome and recommendations for punishment. Discussion of these attributional findings referred to tolerance for companion animal misbehavior and relinquishment decisions. This article illustrates the utility of causal attribution as a tool for the study of popular conceptions of nonhuman animal mind and behavior.
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Asmaya, Enung. « Efektivitas Peran Keluarga dalam Membentuk Tumbuh Kembang Agama ». KOMUNIKA : Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi 11, no 1 (22 février 2018) : 32–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/kom.v11i1.1278.
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Religion is the choice of human life. Man can accept or reject religion is influenced by their knowledge, attitude and experience, or known as personal and social aspects. These two aspects influence each other in determining human behavior. Human are individuals who are integrated and live with both aspects. Man will be lucky if able managing both aspects on the path of truth. But man will lose if otherwise. Based on the theory of behaviorism aspects social as family becomes the determinant in the verdict of religious behavior someone. Because the family becomes the closest place in one’s life.Many norms, the rule of leadership in the family which becomes the frame of references of a person in behaving. Therefore in a religious, healthy, prosperous and harmonious family the positive influence of one’s religious adherence.
Beragama adalah pilihan hidup manusia. Manusia dapat menerima atau menolak agama dipengaruhi pengetahuan, sikap, dan pengalaman yang dimiliki yang biasa disebut aspek personal dan sosial. Kedua aspek tersebut saling memengaruhi jiwa dalam menentukan perilaku manusia. Manusia adalah individu yang terintegrasi dari kedua aspek tersebut dan manusia hidup dengan kedua aspek tersebut. Manusia akan beruntung jika mampu mengelola kedua aspek tersebut pada jalan kebenaran. Namun manusia akan merugi jika sebaliknya. Berdasarkan teori behaviorisme, aspek-aspek sosial seperti keluarga menjadi penentu dalam putusan perilaku keagamaan seseorang. Keluarga menjadi tempat yang paling dekat dalam kehidupan seseorang. Banyak norma, aturan kepemimpinan dalam keluarga yang menjadi frame of references seseorang dalam berperilaku. Keluarga yang agamis, sehat, sejahtera, dan harmonis memberikan pengaruh positif kepatuhan beragama seseorang.
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Daugareilh, Isabelle. « Employee participation, ethics and corporate social responsibility ». Transfer : European Review of Labour and Research 14, no 1 (1 janvier 2008) : 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890801400109.
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Employee participation is deemed necessary in the name of good governance and corporate social responsibility. For this reason it forms an essential aspect of legal instruments drafted by international public institutions and aimed at multinational enterprises. Despite this, enterprises clearly prefer to take a unilateral approach in the rules they adopt to implement CSR policies, and an individual approach to employee relations, to the detriment of collective labour relations. CSR thus presents two radically different facets: one of which is favourable to transnational social dialogue, while the other presents firms with an opportunity to regain areas of control over their employees at the expense of public freedoms and fundamental rights. The co-existence of these two aspects of CSR confronts public authorities with the following dilemma: either they allow self-regulation to take its course, and risk seeing violations of international labour law and national legislation, or they intervene in order to ensure compliance with existing international instruments.
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Hari, Riitta, et Miiamaaria V. Kujala. « Brain Basis of Human Social Interaction : From Concepts to Brain Imaging ». Physiological Reviews 89, no 2 (avril 2009) : 453–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00041.2007.
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Modern neuroimaging provides a common platform for neuroscience and related disciplines to explore the human brain, mind, and behavior. We base our review on the social shaping of the human mind and discuss various aspects of brain function related to social interaction. Despite private mental contents, people can share their understanding of the world using, beyond verbal communication, nonverbal cues such as gestures, facial expressions, and postures. The understanding of nonverbal messages is supported by the brain's mirroring systems that are shaped by individual experience. Within the organism-environment system, tight links exist between action and perception, both within an individual and between several individuals. Therefore, any comprehensive brain imaging study of the neuronal basis of social cognition requires appreciation of the situated and embodied nature of human cognition, motivating simultaneous monitoring of brain and bodily functions within a socially relevant environment. Because single-person studies alone cannot unravel the dynamic aspects of interpersonal interactions, it seems both necessary and beneficial to move towards “two-person neuroscience”; technological shortcomings and a limited conceptual framework have so far hampered such a leap. We conclude by discussing some major disorders of social interaction.
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Dorninger, Fabian, Anna Gundacker, Gerhard Zeitler, Daniela D. Pollak et Johannes Berger. « Ether Lipid Deficiency in Mice Produces a Complex Behavioral Phenotype Mimicking Aspects of Human Psychiatric Disorders ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no 16 (13 août 2019) : 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163929.
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Ether lipids form a specialized subgroup of phospholipids that requires peroxisomes to be synthesized. We have previously detected that deficiency in these lipids leads to a severe disturbance of neurotransmitter homeostasis and release as well as behavioral abnormalities, such as hyperactivity, in a mouse model. Here, we focused on a more detailed examination of the behavioral phenotype of ether lipid-deficient mice (Gnpat KO) and describe a set of features related to human psychiatric disorders. Gnpat KO mice show strongly impaired social interaction as well as nestlet shredding and marble burying, indicating disturbed execution of inborn behavioral patterns. Also, compromised contextual and cued fear conditioning in these animals suggests a considerable memory deficit, thus potentially forming a connection to the previously determined ether lipid deficit in human patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Nesting behavior and the preference for social novelty proved normal in ether lipid-deficient mice. In addition, we detected task-specific alterations in paradigms assessing depression- and anxiety-related behavior. The reported behavioral changes may be used as easy readout for the success of novel treatment strategies against ether lipid deficiency in ameliorating nervous system-associated symptoms. Furthermore, our findings underline that ether lipids are paramount for brain function and demonstrate their relevance for cognitive, social, and emotional behavior. We hereby substantially extend previous observations suggesting a link between deficiency in ether lipids and human mental illnesses, particularly autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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Siregar, Hapni Laila, et Nurmayani Nurmayani. « Analysis of Social Care Character Development in Islamic Religious Education Courses ». Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 3, no 3 (30 septembre 2022) : 527–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v3i3.541.
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The development of an increasingly modern era, on the one hand, progresses in various aspects of human life, but on the other hand also brings to the character and identity of the Indonesian nation, the waning of a sense of caring and social solidarity. Now egocentrism in the pattern of social relations in Indonesian society is increasingly visible, namely behavior that focuses on one's own welfare or gain at the expense of and at the expense of others. The development of social care characters must continue to be carried out, especially now that people's lives are increasingly difficult, the poverty gap is widening, and the crime rate is getting higher. Judging from the religious aspect, the attitude of social care will get 3 things, namely first, the road of sustenance becomes wide and open; second, being more sensitive to the life around us; third, get a reward. This study is a descriptive study to see the extent to which the development of social care characters in PAI courses. The data collection technique is using a questionnaire. The research was conducted in several departments at Medan State University in the even semester of the 2021-2022 Academic Year. This study resulted in the following findings: 1. the development of social care characters in PAI courses has only reached aspects of knowledge (cognitive) and attitudes (attitudes). This can be seen from the development of social care characters in both aspects which are already in the good category. 2. The development of social care characters from the behavioral aspect (behavior) in PAI courses is still in the poor category, for that it is necessary to design various social action tasks in the community that are carried out by students so that they will get a very meaningful experience.
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Algoe, Sara B., Laura E. Kurtz et Karen Grewen. « Oxytocin and Social Bonds : The Role of Oxytocin in Perceptions of Romantic Partners’ Bonding Behavior ». Psychological Science 28, no 12 (2 octobre 2017) : 1763–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797617716922.
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In this research, we tested hypotheses about the role of oxytocin in adult human bonding. Inspired by revisiting the research on pair bonding in microtine voles that fueled psychologists’ interest in the role of oxytocin in social life, we drew on recent theory from affective and relationship science to identify a well-defined bonding context for human romantic relationships. We then paired these behaviors and subjective psychological responses with a measure of naturally circulating oxytocin. In 129 romantically involved adults whose partner expressed gratitude to them in the lab, greater oxytocin over the prior 24 hr was associated with greater perceptions of the expresser’s responsiveness and gratitude, as well as greater experienced love, but not general affective reward. Moreover, in this one-time conversation, higher oxytocin acted like rose-colored glasses, attenuating the effect of a partner’s behaviorally coded expressive behavior on perceptions of the expresser’s responsiveness. These results justify future research on the role of oxytocin in psychological aspects of growth processes.
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Jedynak, Witold. « Ethical aspects of the profession of social worker ». Social welfare : interdisciplinary approach 4, no 2 (10 décembre 2014) : 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/sw.2014.28189.
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A set of moral standards plays an important role in social life, as it forms the basis for assessing the attitudes and behaviors of individuals. Ethics attempts to determine and resolve normative issues relating to the specific social situations. Thus provides a basis for establishing the rules of human functioning in the situation arising from a particular social or professional role. The purpose of this paper is to present some aspects of professional ethics of social workers affecting the standards of the profession. Secondary sources were used in preparation of this text, especially code of ethics of social workers and other axiological contents on the issues discussed. A social worker, whose activities are essentially social, performs many professional roles. Therefore, they should be guided by values and moral principles, arising from general ethics and specific standards contained in the code of ethics of the profession. Codified professional ethics helps a social worker in the proper performance of duties and is a reference point for resolving ethical dilemmas. Standards contained in the code of ethics uphold the dignity of the profession and at the same time indicate how the representatives of the profession should behave, and how they should not. The provisions of the code of ethics relate to the profession, relationships with coworkers, beneficiaries, employers and society. They include specific objectives and tasks of social work, understood as a practical human activity for people who need support and assistance in the fulfillment of basic needs and solving problems arising as a result of deprivation of those needs.
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Fomina, O. O., et N. V. Olentsevych. « The altruism and volunteering : aspects of interconnection in social behaviour ». Ukrainian Society 77, no 2 (15 juillet 2021) : 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2021.02.167.
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The article dwells upon the study of altruism as a special type of economic behaviour of society. The lack of a well-established approach to determine the role of altruism in economic relations and understand it as a phenomenon of economic behaviour that goes beyond the traditional concept of methodological individualism led to the formation of purpose and subject area of research. The article aims to clarify the economic essence of altruism and establish its impact on the expansion of volunteering in society. The subject of the study is the general principles and forms of altruistic behaviour, their compliance with the postulates of the economic theory of exchange and the impact on the formation of a general model of economic behaviour of society. General scientific research methods – theoretical generalisation, scientific abstraction, statistical observations (processing of secondary statistics), were used to obtain data. The economic essence of the category of altruism in the system of relations of exchange is specified based on systematisation of scientific approaches to the definition of the essence of altruism in economic and social research. It was found that altruism is one of the manifestations of the social type of economic behaviour, which occurs under the influence of social processes, the formation of civil society, increasing social responsibility. The authors defined socio-economic content of the altruistic volunteering as a form of economic behaviour shows its relationship with the charity. The place of Ukraine in the world rating of charity (World Giving Index) was investigated. The World Giving Index and the Human Development Index are compared. The paper reveals the existence of an interconnection between the Index of Charity (Giving Index) and the degree of inequality in the country (income, education, life expectancy) which is considered when determining the Human Development Index. The role of volunteering in the development of Ukrainian society is determined. Paper concludes that it is necessary to improve the state’s economic policy to provide support and expansion of the volunteering positive effect.
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Weber, Patrick, Nicolas Weber, Michael Goesele et Rüdiger Kabst. « Prospect for Knowledge in Survey Data ». Social Science Computer Review 36, no 5 (12 septembre 2017) : 575–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439317725836.
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Policy making depends on good knowledge of the corresponding target audience. To maximize the designated outcome, it is essential to understand the underlying coherences. Machine learning techniques are capable of analyzing data containing behavioral aspects, evaluations, attitudes, and social values. We show how existing machine learning techniques can be used to identify behavioral aspects of human decision-making and to predict human behavior. These techniques allow to extract high resolution decision functions that enable to draw conclusions on human behavior. Our focus is on voter turnout, for which we use data acquired by the European Social Survey on the German national vote. We show how to train an artificial expert and how to extract the behavioral aspects to build optimized policies. Our method achieves an increase in adjusted R2 of 102% compared to a classic logistic regression prediction. We further evaluate the performance of our method compared to other machine learning techniques such as support vector machines and random forests. The results show that it is possible to better understand unknown variable relationships.
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Forsey, Eugene, Melvin Baker, Robert Cuff et Bill Gillespie. « Workingman's St. John's : Aspects of Social History in the Early 1900s ». Labour / Le Travail 15 (1985) : 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25140570.
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Herbeck, Yu E., A. A. Malyavko et D. V. Shepeleva. « Oxytocin effects on the behavior in historical and experimental domesticated animals ». Siberian Medical Review, no 2 (2022) : 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/25000136-2022-2-110.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Domestication is one of the important evolutionary and genetic problems of biology. It addresses fundamental evolution aspects as well as allows us to study mechanisms of aggression, pro-social behavior and anthropogenesis. One of the potential key mechanisms of domestication may be associated with the central oxytocin (OT) system. OT has been repeatedly shown to exhibit pro-social and anxiolytic eff ects rodents, dogs, humans and other species [1]. In our study, we used intranasal OT administration on Siberian tame foxes and non-selected one. It is well-known experimental domestication model of. Th e OT eff ect on behavior had been investigated in intermale interactions (triple cage aft er adaptation) and human contact (new enclosure). OT administration increased patterns of playful (crouches on paws), affi liative (friendly) behavior, motor (fast move) and mixed activity in male-to-male interactions in tame foxes, whereas in case of unselected foxes, OT administration increased behavior patterns associated with anxiety (latent time for home cage exit, freezing, total time in home cage). In fox-human interactions, OT administration had the greatest eff ect on increasing the time tamed fox stayed at less than a meter away from a human. It is this parameter that is the defi ning one in similar tests on dogs. Th e results allow to suggest that OT has a context-dependent eff ect rather than explicitly pro-social eff ect in the tests, therefore amplifying the perception of social conditions according to the social salience hypothesis of OT. OT eff ect is associated with emotional positive and negative animal behaviors toward human that could be related to the genotype. Such OT eff ect might separate animals into more or less tolerant to humans under the same early domestication conditions.
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Song, Hyunju, et Yeni Kim. « Aspects of Semantic Extension of ‘kwiyepta’ ». Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 44, no 8 (31 août 2022) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.8.44.8.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study is to examine pattern of changes in the meaning of the adjective ‘kwiyepta’ as short diachrony. First, the characteristics of meaning extension were examined through analysis of the target nouns and combination verbs/adjectives of ‘kwiyepta’ for the newspaper corpus. Second, the noun categories as followed, ‘kwiyepta’ were [people](57.52%) > [abstract](18.76%) > [inanimate object](12.33%) > [animal](10.25%) > [plant](1.14%). The target noun used with ‘kwiyepta’ was extended to ‘child’s appearance/behavior > adult’s behavior > old man’s behavior’ and it was the same as the direction of expansion of the meaning of general words as ‘human appearance/behavior > animal’s figure/behavior > plant’s appearance > living creature > nature of an abstract object’. Finally, as a result of examining the combination verbs/adjectives, ‘kwiyepta’ was evenly combined with ‘patta, hata, tokchacihata, poita, sayngkita’ throughout the period. And it was used as a pattern such as ‘kwiyewumul patta, kwiyewumul tokchacihata, kwiyepkey poita, kwiyewe poita’ etc. ‘seyksihata’ has been used since the 2000s, because ‘kwiyepta’ has been extended to mean behavioral characteristics of adults.
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Muhamad Takhim, Takhim, et Risti Lia Sari. « Konsumsi Makanan Halal Perspektif Antropologi ». Al Iqtishod : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Ekonomi Islam 10, no 2 (4 septembre 2022) : 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37812/aliqtishod.v10i2.527.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Food which is a dhoruri (basic) human need, is used for the continuity and existence of life. The need for adequate nutritional and vitamin content, food must also pay attention to other aspects. This becomes something crucial when related to anthropology, how human behavior, the environment, the way of family life, settlement patterns, economic and political systems, culture, religion, and so on become integrity that can shape a new human civilization. When linked to economics and politics, halal food can be a source of income and foreign exchange. When associated with culture, halal food becomes a unique and interesting aspect in various forms that are carried out in various ceremonies, rituals, and others. When it comes to religion, there are mandatory rules (obligations) to consume it. This is then integrated and becomes the behavior of the community. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study digging from various sources of books, journals, newspapers, and others that are relevant, then processed and analyzed to make conclusions. The results of the study state that the struggle for aspects of social culture, and religion accompanied by the development of science and technology has changed human behavior to become a new entrepreneur in the field of halal culinary and has created a consumptive culture in society.
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Saud Abdullah S Alsahlly, Sultan Khalid M Algmrawi, Ahmad Saeed A Alshehri, Nasser Talal N Alotiby, Mohammad Arshad et Sanjay Deshwali. « Anime affection on human IQ and behavior in Saudi Arabia ». GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no 2 (28 février 2021) : 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.2.0031.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The present study attempted to determine the effects of watching anime and understanding if watching anime could affect the mental and social aspects of kids or other group of ages, and also to decide that the teenagers and children should watch anime or not. The research design used in this study is the descriptive research method and observational where in data and facts from direct observations and online questionnaires were used to answer the research question. The finding of this study suggested that anime viewers has higher level of general knowledge comparing with the non- anime viewers and as well as higher IQ level significantly in a specific group, besides anime can be used to spread a background about any culture and plays a role in increase the economy.