Thèses sur le sujet « HPGe spectrometry »
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TAKEDA, MAURO N. « Determinacao da correcao para o efeito de soma em cascata para espectrometros de HPGe pelo metodo de Monte Carlo ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10916.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Hernández, Suárez Francisco Javier. « Optimisation of environmental gamma spectrometry using Monte Carlo methods ». Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2672.
Texte intégralDissertation in Environmental Physics to be publicly examined in Häggsalen (Ångström Laboratory), Uppsala University, on Friday, November 8, 2002 at 10:00 am for the degree of doctor of philosophy in Physics. The examination will be conducted in English.
Gamma spectrometry is one of the tools commonly used for the measurement of various environmental radionuclides. Simultaneous determination of the absolute activity of gamma emitting radiotracers in a wide range of environmental matrices and fractions necessitates proper and accurate evaluation of the sample-to-detector efficiency. Several radiotracers require, in addition, the use of sub-routines for self-absorption corrections.
Gamma spectrometry is an important and elegant tool for assessing environmental changes. Optimisation of ultra low-level gamma spectrometry for reliable assessment of such changes requires harmonisation of laboratory needs with sampling and site conditions.
Different aspects of the calculation of sample-to-detector efficiencies using empirical and Monte Carlo approaches are discussed here, including the uncertainties related to the simulation of the performance of different HPGe detectors and the effects of the incomplete collection of charges in Ge-crystals. Various simulation codes for the computation of peak efficiencies in planar and well Ge-detectors have been developed from scratch. The results of the simulations have been tested against experimental data and compared to other simulation results obtained with the Monte Carlo N-Particle code (MCNP). The construction of calibration sources with improved absorption and collimation characteristics have been, also, described in this work. These sources have been especially designed for the efficiency calibration of Ge-detectors at energies below 100 keV.
Flexible, fully tested and prototype approaches for the evaluation of self-absorption corrections, based on Monte Carlo simulations, are described. Special consideration is given to the problems related to the sample's variability in size, density and composition. Several examples of the absolute and simultaneous determination of environmental multitracers which benefited from self-absorption corrections and the optimised efficiency calibration algorithms are, also, presented and discussed. These examples include, among other things, a comprehensive analysis of the gamma spectrometry of 234Th in a wide range of matrices and the speciation of several radionuclides in sediments from a hard-water lake.
Máduar, Marcelo Francis. « Desenvolvimento de um código computacional aberto de análise quantitativa para determinação de radionuclídeos por espectrometria gama com detectores semicondutores ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-12082011-150805/.
Texte intégralRadioactivity quantification of gamma-ray emitter radionuclides in samples measured by HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry relies on the analysis of the photopeaks present in the spectra, especially on the accurate determination of their net areas. Such a task is usually performed with the aid of proprietary software tools. This work presents a methodology, algorithm descriptions and an open source application, called OpenGamma, for the peak search and analysis in order to obtain the relevant peaks parameters and radionuclides activities. The computational implementation is released entirely in open-source license for the main code and with the use of open software packages for interface design and mathematical libraries. The procedure for the peak search is performed on a three step approach. Firstly a preliminary search is done by using the second-difference method, consisting in the generation of a derived spectrum in order to find candidate peaks. In the second step, the experimental peaks widths are assessed and well formed and isolated ones are chosen to obtain a FWHM vs. channel relationship, by application of the Levenberg-Marquardt minimization method for non-linear fitting. Lastly, regions of the spectrum with grouped peaks are marked and a non-linear fit is again applied to each region to obtain baseline and photopeaks terms; from these terms, peaks net areas are then assessed. For the activity determination, previously obtained efficiency calibration curves, as well as nuclides gamma-ray data, are incorporated in the code and applied. The code was developed in C++ language and the interface was developed with Qt GUI software toolkit. GNU scientific library, GSL, was employed to perform fitting procedures as needed. Validation of code was done by analyzing: 1) synthetic test spectra from IAEA, especially designed for software performance evaluation; 2) spectra obtained from samples of intercomparison exercises and 3) spectra from routine activities of the Environmental Radiometric Laboratory (LRA) at IPEN and analyzed with the commercial software package InterWinner. Results obtained are consistent with the reference values and with those obtained by the aforementioned package. The results suggest that the OpenGamma code could be safely used in general-purpose gamma-ray spectrometry.
Mubashir, Hassan. « Installation and optimization of a gamma spectrometry system in anticoincidence ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Trouver le texte intégralXHIXHA, Gerti. « Advanced gamma-ray spectrometry for environmental radioactivity monitoring ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388782.
Texte intégralBoson, Jonas. « Improving accuracy of in situ gamma-ray spectrometry ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1805.
Texte intégralBARRESI, ANDREA. « Development of innovative techniques for ultra-trace elements analysis ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/403458.
Texte intégralThe JUNO experiment was proposed with the main aim of solving the problem related to the neutrino mass ordering through accurate measurements of the antineutrinos flow produced by nuclear reactors. Due to the extremely small cross-section of neutrinos, the number of expected signal events is very small, about 60 IBD events per day, and it is therefore essential to keep under control the rate of background events. This can be achieved by minimizing all the sources that contribute to the generation of spurious events and in the first place those generated by the radioactive background. For each progenitor of the natural chains (U238 and Th232), for the 40K, and for some key nuclides, such as 60Co and 210Pb, it is necessary to impose strong limits on the concentration that may be present within the materials of the detector. Given the structure of the JUNO detector, the most critical material is the liquid scintillator for which uranium and thorium concentrations below 1E-15 g/g and potassium below 1E-16 g/g are required. In this thesis, I present the work I did in this context with two main purposes. The first one is the validation of the Monte Carlo software of the JUNO experiment applied to the background simulations with the aim of verifying the radiopurity limits imposed for the materials and determining the background budget of the experiment. The second one is the implementation of a measurement technique that allows reaching the sensitivities required for the measurement of the content of uranium, thorium, and potassium in the liquid scintillator. The validation of the Monte Carlo software of the JUNO experiment (SNiPER) was performed by comparing its results with those of two other simulation codes, in particular with the software Arby, developed at the University of Milano-Bicocca. I was able to study different aspects and many critical issues of the simulation of the background and the results reported by the official tool, such as the application of the quenching factor and the shape of the radioactive β-decay spectra. The spectra of the deposited energy produced by the contaminations in the main components of the JUNO detector were computed with the Monte Carlo codes. The rate of events induced in the detector was assessed based on the imposed radiopurity limits, obtaining the expected total background event rate. The value obtained is lower than the limit set to ensure the final sensitivity of the experiment. This allowed correcting and validating the answer of the official software of the JUNO experiment and verifying the actuality of the radiopurity limits initially defined for the components of the detector. During my Ph.D. I completed the development of the new measurement system, called GeSparK that exploits the coincidence between a liquid scintillator and an HPGe detector to reduce the background of the single HPGe detector. I also worked on the development of a new delayed coincidence technique that exploits the nuclear structure of 239Np, the activation product of 238U, in order to obtain an extremely strong marker of this particular decay and significantly increase the measurement sensitivity compared to the traditional approach. The sensitivity obtained was still insufficient compared to the requests of JUNO and for this reason, it was decided to implement a series of radiochemical treatments. Different treatments have been proposed, tested, and implemented with the two aims of increasing the mass of the measurable sample and reducing the concentration of interfering nuclides. The technique developed for uranium and thorium involves a liquid-liquid extraction phase and the extraction chromatography with UTEVA and TEVA resins respectively before and after irradiation. Two measurements conducted on "blank samples” with the final procedure allowed us to achieve a sensitivity that is compatible with the limits imposed by JUNO for the liquid scintillator at the ppq level.
Neddermann, Till [Verfasser], Claus [Akademischer Betreuer] Gößling et Kai [Gutachter] Zuber. « Material screening by means of low-level gamma ray spectrometry with the Dortmund Low Background HPGe Facility / Till Neddermann. Betreuer : Claus Gößling. Gutachter : Kai Zuber ». Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1106257510/34.
Texte intégralSHYTI, Manjola. « Calibration and performances of in-situ gamma ray spectrometer ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388864.
Texte intégralJovana, Knežević. « Коинцидентне методе за анализу временских карактеристика нуклеарних процеса ». Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=114886&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Texte intégralU doktorskoj disertaciji prikazani su rezultati razvijenih i primenjenih koincidentnih metoda za vremensku analizu nuklearnih procesa. Eksperimentalni koincidentni sistemi zasnovani su na HPGe i plastičnim scintilacionim detektorima. Izvršena su tri eksperimenta, koja su pokazala primenjivost razvijenih koincidentnih sistema. Prvi deo eksperimentalnog dela obuhvata analize vremenskih varijacija intenziteta kosmičkog zračenja posredstvom niskoenergijskih fotona. Pokazano je da se praćenjem intenziteta niskoenergijskih fotona u toku vremena u različitim energijskim regionima ostvaruje bolji uvid u analizu fonskih događaja, stvarajući preduslove za izvođenje eksperimenata koji tragaju za retkim nuklearnim procesima. Pored praćenja vremenskih varijacija intenziteta, metoda se može primeniti i na detekciju periodičnih i aperiodičnih događaja povezanih sa aktivnošću Sunca. Drugi deo disertacije obuhvatao je istraživanja vezana za detekciju potencijalnih fluktuacija konstante raspada 22 Na. Razvijen je koincidentni sistem i u toku vremena je praćen intenzitet anihilacione linije, koja je rezultat anihilacije pozitrona emitovanog raspadom 22Na. Za vreme trajanja akvizicije podataka, nisu pronađena značajna odstupanja ispitivane konstante raspada od standardnog eksponencijalnog zakona radioaktivnog raspada. U trećem delu eksperimentalnog rada, prikazana je koincidentna metoda za vremensko razdvajanje događaja indukovanih mionima i neutronima u okolini detektorskog sistema. Dobijena je vremenska kriva u eksperimentu i izvršena je detaljna analiza različitih vremenskih regiona. Izvršene su Monte Karlo simulacije, na osnovu kojih je dobijena vremenska kriva. Analizom različitih regiona simulirane vremenske krive, pokazano je da se ovi događaji mogu razdvojiti u dve velike grupe–brze i spore događaje. Među sporim događajima, pokazano je da se može napraviti razlika između događaja indukovanih mionima, među kojima dominira anihilacija, i događaja indukovanih neutronima, koji spadaju u zakasnele događaje u grupi sporih događaja. Dobijeno je da neutroni najviše doprinose niskoenergijskom regionu, prvenstveno u regionu do ≈50 keV, što ih čini neželjenom karikom fonskih događaja u eksperimentima koji tragaju za retkim nuklearnim događajima. Na osnovu rezultata simulacija, analizirani su elektromagnetni i hadronski procesi indukovani mionima i neutronima, kao i udeli mionske i neutronske komponente u koincidentnom spektru HPGe detektora i direktnom spektru plastičnog scintilacionog detektora. Zaključeno je da niskoenergijskom spektru, koji je prevashodno značajan za retke nuklearne procese, dominantno doprinose neutroni.
In this doctoral thesis, the results of the developed and applied coincidence methods on the timeanalysis of nuclear processes are presented. Coincidence systems, used in presented experiments, are based on the HPGe and plastic scintillation detectors. Three experiments were performed,showing a wide application of the developed coincidence systems. The first part of the experimental work involves the analysis of the time variations of cosmic rays via low-energy photons. It was shown that by analyzing the intensity of lowenergy photons better insight into the behavior of thebackground events is provided, which is especially important as a precondition for rare nuclear events experiments. Furthermore, it was shown that this method can be applied in order to search for periodic or aperiodic events resulting from the Sun activity. The second part contains the research of the 22Na decay constant fluctuations. The coincidence system was developed and the intensity of the annihilation line, resulting from annihilation of the positrons emitted from 22Na, was followed with time. During he acquisition time, no significant deviations from the standard exponential radioactive decay law were found. In the third part of the experimental work, the coincidence method for time separation of the events, induced by cosmic muons and neutrons in the vicinity of the detectors system, was presented. The time curve was obtained in the experiment and the detailed analysis of the different time regions was performed. The Monte Carlo simulations were conducted and the time curve from the simulation results was obtained. Analyzing the different regions of the simulated time curve, it was noticed that these events can be separated into two groups–prompt and delayed. Between delayed events, it was concluded that events induced by muons, dominantly annihilation line, and events induced by neutrons, which may be classified as more delayed events in the group of the delayed events, can be distinguished. It was concluded the neutrons dominantly contribute to the low-energy region, mostly in the region to ≈50 keV, which makes neutrons an important background in the experiments searching for rare nuclear events. Based on the simulation results, electromagnetic and hadronic processes induced by muons and neutrons, as well as portions of muon’s and neutron’s component in the coincidence spectrum of HPGe detector and direct spectrum of the plastic scintillation detector were analyzed. It was concluded that in the low-energy part of the spectrum, primarily important for the search for rare nuclear events, dominant influence is originated from cosmic neutrons.
Panza, Fabien. « Développement de la spectrométrie gamma in situ pour la cartographie de site ». Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975929.
Texte intégralNguyen, Thi Cam Ha. « Etude du radon et du thoron par collection électrostatique et par spectrométrie gamma dans le cadre de l’expérience NEMO de décroissance double bêta ». Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14199/document.
Texte intégralThis work is part of the NEMO (Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory) experiment that is looking for an extremely rare radioactivity: the double beta decay without neutrino emission. Such process could prove the Majorana nature of the neutrino and could give an estimation of its absolute mass. The particularity of this experiment, currently running in the Modane underground laboratory (LSM), is the extreme weak signal (for T1/2 ~ 1024 years, a few events per year). It requires therefore very stringent conditions on all components of the background among which the level of radon and thoron activity. After a reminding of the general properties of radon and thoron as well as their influence on the NEMO data, this thesis focuses on the detection of these radioactive gases using the technique of electrostatic collection. The radon and/or the thoron daughters are collected by an electrostatic field on the surface of a silicon diode, where their characteristic alphas are detected. We have shown that the detection efficiencies are strongly influenced by the experimental conditions and that sensitivity around 1 mBq/m3 can be achieved for the radon in a gas. A series of measures through low background gamma spectrometer allowed us to understand the origin of the radon background, and thus showing that better sensitivity could be obtained by increasing the detection volume and by carrying out a strict selection of non-radioactive materials. For the thoron gas, which had never been studied before, the detection efficiencies have been found very low as a consequence of the short periods involved. Therefore, a continuous monitoring of the level of thoron in the NEMO gas is excluded, which underlines the importance for the NEMO experimental device to be able to control its own background
Nghiên cứu này nằm trong khuôn khổ thí nghiệm NEMO, hiện đang trong những bước lấy số liệu cuối cùng tại phòng thí nghiệm ngầm Modane, nhằm ghi nhận phân rã bêta kép không kèm theo phát xạ neutrino, để từ đó chứng minh bản chất Majorana của hạt neutrino và cho phép ước lượng khối lượng tuyệt đối của hạt này. Phân rã này, nếu thật sự tồn tại, là loại phân rã cực hiếm (T1/2 > 1024 năm, tương đương với vài tín hiệu ghi nhận được mỗi năm). Vì thế, nó đòi hỏi những điều kiện rất gắt gao đối với mọi thành phần cấu thành nên phông nền bức xạ, trong đó bao gồm hoạt độ của radon và thoron. Sau khi nhắc lại những tính chất cơ bản của radon và thoron, cũng như ảnh hưởng của chúng tới số liệu của NEMO, bản luận văn tập trung vào việc đo hoạt độ của hai khí phóng xạ này bằng cách thu nhận các hạt nhân con của chúng thông qua trường tĩnh điện, tiếp đó ghi nhận các hạt alpha phát ra tại bề mặt một đi-ốt silic. Nghiên cứu này đã chỉ ra rằng hiệu suất đo phụ thuộc vào nhiều điều kiện thực nghiệm, và thiết bị này cho phép chúng tôi kiểm soát khí radon ở mức mBq/m3. Một lọat các phép đo với phổ kế gamma đã giúp chúng tôi hiểu được căn nguyên phông nền bức xạ của thiết bị, và từ đó dự kiến có thể cải thiện độ nhạy của thiết bị bằng cách tăng thể tích đo và chọn lọc các loại vật liệu có độ phóng xạ thấp. Tuy nhiên, với khí thoron, vốn vẫn chưa được nghiên cứu kỹ cho tới hiện nay, hiệu suất đo được là rất nhỏ do chu kỳ bán rã quá ngắn của các hạt nhân liên quan. Vì vậy, việc theo dõi thoron trong khí ga của NEMO đã bị loại trừ, đồng nghĩa với việc khẳng định tầm quan trọng của việc kiểm soát phông nền bức xạ thoron của chính thiết bị ghi nhận bêta kép trong thí nghiệm NEMO
KANDEL, BENJAMIN. « Etude du plan de detection du spectrometre spi sur integral : analyse experimentale et modelisation des detecteurs hpge ». Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30257.
Texte intégralFerreira, Marcio Drumond Costa. « Estudo da eficiência de um detector HPGe por métodos semiempíricos e experimental ». CNEN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, 2012. http://www.bdtd.cdtn.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=268.
Texte intégralA espectrometria gama é uma técnica que proporciona informações diversas em uma única análise, além de ser rápida e não destrutiva. Por meio de um detector de radiação acoplado a um sistema eletrônico de aquisição de dados, a técnica identifica os radionuclídeos emissores gama em uma amostra com radioatividade natural ou induzida, bem como fornece informações para calcular as suas atividades, a partir do registro e análise do espectro gama. A eficiência é um dos principais parâmetros a ser considerado quando se trabalha com detectores de radiação gama. Seu conhecimento possibilita uma melhor exatidão na quantidade de quantuns de radiação que o detector pode registrar dentre o total que emerge da fonte ou da amostra em estudo. A eficiência pode ser determinada experimentalmente, por métodos teóricos e semiempíricos. Usualmente, a determinação por método experimental é a mais exata, porém exige a aquisição de mais dados, o que torna o procedimento mais trabalhoso. Por sua vez, os métodos teóricos e os semiempíricos são muito menos laboriosos, apesar dos riscos de apresentarem maiores incertezas. Neste trabalho, foi realizado um estudo comparativo para verificar se as equações de eficiência determinadas por métodos semiempíricos e experimental teriam desempenhos similares na determinação das concentrações elementares da amostra de referência IAEA/Soil7, em geometria puntual e não puntual, irradiadas no reator de pesquisa TRIGA MARK I IPR-R1. Por métodos semiempíricos, foram aplicados os programas KayZero for Windows, V. 2.42 específico para cálculo de concentração elementar no método k0 de Ativação Neutrônica e o ANGLE V3.0 desenvolvido para cálculo de eficiência de detectores semicondutores para diversas geometrias. Os resultados indicaram, por meio de avaliação estatística, que as eficiências determinadas experimentalmente e por métodos semiempíricos são similares e igualmente eficazes tanto para a amostra puntual quanto para a não puntual. As diferenças observadas nos resultados das concentrações elementares foram relacionadas às correções aplicadas pelo programa e não consideradas quando se usa a planilha eletrônica e não devido às eficiências determinadas. Este estudo mostrou também que o programa KayZero for Windows analisa e considera como puntual amostras com massa cinco vezes maior que a massa das amostras usualmente analisadas, o que expande o campo de aplicação do programa.
Gamma spectrometry is a technique that provides a piece of information on a sample in one measurement, in a fast and non destructive assay. Such technique identifies gamma emitter radionuclides in natural and induced radioactivity, using a radiation detector linked to an electronic system in order to acquire the data and gamma spectra. To determine the full energy peak efficiency of High-Purity Germanium detector is important for gamma-ray spectrometry experiments. The efficiency of a detector is proportionality constant, which relates the activity of the source being counted and the number of counts observed. This efficiency can be determined applying experimental methods, using theoretical and semi empirical methods. Usually, the determination via an experimental procedure is more accurate, however, it is necessary more data acquisition that makes the procedure more tiring. On the other hand, the theoretical and semi empirical methods are less laborious procedures, despite the risks of higher uncertainties. This comparative study was carried out in order to verify whether the full energy peak efficiency curves determined by experimental and semi empirical methods, would present a similar performance on elemental concentration of reference material IAEA/Soil7, prepared in punctual and non-punctual geometries, and irradiated in the TRIGA MARK I IPR-R1 research reactor. It was applied were applied the KayZero for Windows, V. 2.42 a specific software for elemental concentration determination in the k0-stardadization neutron activation analysis - and ANGLE V3.0 specific method to determine semi conductor detectors gamma efficiencies for several sample geometries. Based on statistical tests u-score and Relative Tendency - the results pointed out for two types of sample geometries, the efficiencies determined experimentally and by semi empirical methods are similar, which were fitted well and worked properly. The deviations observed in the results were related to corrections made by the KayZero for Windows software and didnt apply when the values were calculated using the spread sheet and not related to the efficiency curves themselves. Additionally, it was evidenced that KayZero for Windows software is able to analyze a non-punctual sample, with mass 5 times higher that the usual size, as it were punctual. It points out the versatility of the software and expands the application field.
Negoita, Cezar Ciprian. « Measurement of neutron flux spectra in a Tungsten Benchmark by neutron foil activation method ». Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1096547324156-18744.
Texte intégralDie Konstruktion von Fusionsreaktoren wie ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor), der ein experimenteller Fusionsreaktor ist und auf dem "Tokamak"-Konzept beruht, basiert unter neutronenphysikalischen Gesichtspunkten auf den Ergebnissen von umfangreichen Simulationsrechnungen. Diese setzen die Kenntnis der Spektren des Neutronen- und Photonenflusses voraus die besonders wichtig ist, weil sie, die möglichen Antworten der ganzen Struktur auf physikalische Prozesse vorauszuberechnen erlaubt wie z.B.: Heizen durch nukleare Prozesse, Tritium-Brüten, Atomverschiebung, Abschirmung von Strahlung, Leistungserzeugung und Materialaktivierung. Die Flußspektren können mittels Transportcodes berechnet werden, aber es werden auch Messungen zu ihrer Bestätigung benötigt. Ein wichtiger Bestandteil des Strukturmaterials und der Divertor-Flächen der Fusionsreaktoren ist Wolfram. Diese Dissertation behandelt die Messungen der Neutronspektren und ?fluenz in einer Wolfram-Anordnung mittels der Multifolien-Neutronenaktivierungstechnik. Um die anzuwendenden experimentellen Geräte und die Codes, die im Wolfram-Benchmark-Experiment eingesetzt werden, zu überprüfen und zu bestimmen, wurden Testmessungen in den D-T und D-D Neutronenfeldern des Neutronengenerator der Technischen Universität Dresden durchgeführt. Die Eigenschaften der D-T und D-D Reaktionen, die für die Erzeugung von monoenergetischen Neutronen verwendet werden, sowie die Auswahl der Aktivierungsreaktionen, die für Fusionsanwendungen geeignet sind und die Aktivierungsmessung werden detailliert vorgestellt. Korrekturen, die sich auf den Neutronen-Bestrahlungsprozess und auf den Probenzählungsprozess beziehen, werden ebenfalls besprochen. Die Neutronenfluenz und ihre Energieverteilung in einem Wolfram-Benchmark, bestrahlt am Frascati Neutronen Generator mit 14 MeV-Neutronen aus der T(d, n)4He Reaktion, werden aus den Messungen der γ-Strahlenaktivität, die von Neutronen in den Folien induziert ist, durch den STAYNL Entfaltungscode, der auf der Methode der kleinsten Fehlerquadrate basiert, zusammen mit der IRDF-90.2 Wirkungsquerschnitt-Bibliothek abgeleitet. Die Unterschiede zwischen den Neutronenflußspektren, die mit Hilfe der Multifolien-Neutronenaktivierung ermittelt wurden, und den Neutronenflußspektren, gemessen im selben Aufbau mit einem NE-213 Flüssigszintillator, wurden untersucht. Die gemessenen Neutronenspektren werden den aus MCNP-4B Rechnungen (Monte Carlo neutron and photon transport) ermittelten Spektren gegenüber gestellt. Der Vergleich stellt einen wichtigen Test der evaluierten Kerndaten für Fusionsreaktorkonzepte dar. Zusammenfassend zeigt diese Arbeit die Anwendbarkeit der Multifolien-Neutronenaktivierungstechnik bei Messungen der Neutronenflussspektren innerhalb eines massiven Wolframblocks bei Bestrahlung mit schnellen Neutronen aus D-T Generatoren
Nguyen, Thi Cam Ha. « Etude du radon et du thoron par collection électrostatique et par spectrométrie gamma dans le cadre de l'expérience NEMO de décroissance double bêta ». Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658985.
Texte intégralGonzález, Enrique Ramón. « Desarrollo de un método basado en simulación Monte Carlo para el cálculo y análisis de espectros gamma complejos, sin el uso de fuentes de referencia ». Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/18137.
Texte intégralen esta tesis, se desarrolla un método basado en simulaciones monte carlo que permite el cálculo y el análisis de espectros gamma complejos a partir de los espectros medidos, sin el uso de muestras calibradas. el método, es adecuado para calcular eficiencias de pico y eficiencias totales, detectar la presencia de líneas entremezcladas u ocultas, y determinar el área de picos de líneas situadas sobre el fondo real de otras de mayor energía. el método, es eficaz para determinar y estudiar efectos de coincidencia y también para obtener y estudiar efectos de auto-absorción en muestras de formas y tamaños variados.
in this thesis, a method based on monte carlo simulations is developed that allows the calculation and analysis of complex gamma spectra starting from the measured spectra, without the use of calibrated samples. the method is suitable for calculating peak efficiencies and total efficiencies, detecting the presence of intermixed or hidden lines, and determining the area of peaks of lines located on the real background of others of higher energy. the method is effective for determining and studying coincidence effects and also for obtaining and studying self-absorption effects in samples of varied shapes and sizes.
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fil: gonzalez, enrique. universidad nacional de córdoba. facultad de matemática, astronomía, física y computación; argentina.