Bibliographies thématiques / Household Aid Company

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Household Aid Company »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Household Aid Company"

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Sachet, Marlene Alves de Campos, et Patrícia Bilotta. « Sustainability analysis of new household connections to the municipal sewage collection network in Paraná ». Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no 1 (7 février 2020) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2419.

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The implementation of sewage collection systems alone does not guarantee public health, since households must be correctly connected to the network in order to derive any benefit from these public works. In order to ensure an environmental and social return on investments in sanitation, a) population must be instructed concerning the role of each citizen, and b) companies responsible for the provision of water and sewage services must be managed in a coordinated and participative manner. This study sought to understand why many households do not respond promptly to the “Connect to the Network” program in the state of Parana and how much the further efforts cost to the sanitation company to regularize this problem. The methodology consisted of analyzing the program’s socio-environmental intervention strategies, interviews and service reports for 17 projects (13,286 household connections). The results: no projects achieved 100% of household connections; total connections were less than 80% in 40% of the projects; the additional cost of re-implementing social and environmental initiatives was R$ 680,000.00. We recommend that user representatives be allowed to participate in the network-deployment process, that social awareness and mobilization strategies be expanded and diversified, and that free home connections be completed for low-income families. This study may aid development agencies to arrive at a standardized methodology for the objective evaluation of socio-environmental initiatives that are to be carried out within the community; it may also aid in the fulfillment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), particularly Goal 6 (sanitation services for the entire population).
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Fenyvesi, Éva, et Tibor Pintér. « Characteristics of the hidden economy in Hungary before and after the regime change ». Journal of corporate governance, insurance and risk management 7, no 2 (1 décembre 2020) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51410/jcgirm.7.2.1.

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Lately, economists and policymakers have been paying even closer attention to the hidden economy. Indeed, it makes a difference to the economy how much money goes into the state coffers. To uncover the hidden economy, however, it is necessary to be familiar with its nature and manifestations. In this paper, with the aid of previous research and literature, we attempt to illustrate the characteristics of the hidden economy in Hungary before and after the regime change and to map out the steps that have been taken to uncover it. This publication was preceded by a systematic literature review on the definition, causes, and effects of the hidden economy, consisting of the collection of both data and literature related to the domestic hidden economy. The following summarizes the results from the synthesis of literature: The Hungarian hidden economy existed even before the regime change and took a variety of different forms. These include tips, bribes, informal payments, unauthorized work and patchwork, moonlighting, unauthorized rental of real estate, use of the social property for personal gain, gains from the infringement of customs and exchange law, tax fraud by craftsmen and retailers, theft of public property, and corruption. Since 1990, not only have the dynamics of the hidden economy strengthened, but its types of activities have changed significantly as well. These include, but are not limited to: omitting a portion of revenue from the register; recognizing non-incurred material production costs among expenditures; including an excessive portion of personal household maintenance costs among production costs; organizing business and study trips abroad; finder’s fee; end-of-year depreciation or ‘transfer’ of inventories; wages of registered employees paid out of pocket; employment of unreported employees; parallel company formation; the economic activity of unincorporated individuals and the income generated thereby. The following are among the concrete steps taken in recent years to uncover the Hungarian hidden economy: the temporary employment booklet; the simplified entrepreneurial tax; the Electronic Trade and Transport Control System; online cash registers; the connection of vending machines to the tax office.
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Fenyvesi, Éva, et Tibor Pintér. « Characteristics of the Hidden Economy in Hungary Before and after the Regime Change ». Journal of Corporate Governance, Insurance, and Risk Management 7, no 2 (22 avril 2020) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.56578/jcgirm070201.

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Lately, economists and policymakers have been paying even closer attention to the hidden economy. Indeed, it makes a difference to the economy how much money goes into the state coffers. In order to uncover the hidden economy however, it is necessary to be familiar with its nature and manifestations. In this paper, with the aid of previous research and literature we attempt to illustrate the characteristics of the hidden economy in Hungary before and after the regime change and to map out the steps that have been taken to uncover it. This publication was preceded by a systematic literature review on the definition, causes, and effects of the hidden economy, consisting of the collection of both data and literature related to the domestic hidden economy. The following summarize the results from the synthesis of literature: The Hungarian hidden economy existed even before the regime change and took a variety of different forms. These include tips, bribes, informal payments, unauthorized work and patchwork, moonlighting, unauthorized rental of real estate, use of social property for personal gain, gains from the infringement of customs and exchange law, tax fraud by craftsmen and retailers, theft of public property, and corruption. Since 1990, not only have the dynamics of the hidden economy strengthened, but its types of activities have changed significantly as well. These include, but are not limited to: omitting a portion of revenue from the register; recognizing non-incurred material production costs among expenditures; including an excessive portion of personal household maintenance costs among production costs; organizing business and study trips abroad; finder’s fee; end-of-year depreciation or 'transfer' of inventories; wages of registered employees paid out of pocket; employment of unreported employees; parallel company formation; economic activity of unincorporated individuals and the income generated thereby. The following are among the concrete steps taken in recent years to uncover the Hungarian hidden economy: the temporary employment booklet; the simplified entrepreneurial tax; the Electronic Trade and Transport Control System; online cash registers; the connection of vending machines to the tax office.
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Oota, Masato, Yumiko Iwafune et Ryozo Ooka. « Estimation of Self-Sufficiency Rate in Detached Houses Using Home Energy Management System Data ». Energies 14, no 4 (12 février 2021) : 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040975.

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Japan’s energy consumption in 2018 was about 2.5 times that in 1975, with the increase in the household sector being the largest at 28%. Most of primary energy is still fossil fuel, and it is urgent to reduce energy consumption in the household sector. The purpose of this paper was to identify ways to reduce household energy consumption without compromising the quality of life in residence. However, the reduction methods vary by region, building specifications, household type, equipment specifications, season, and weather. The value of this paper is based on a systematic analysis of home energy management systems (HEMS) data from about 50,000 households under various conditions. We are analyzing ways to reduce energy consumption. Few studies have analyzed this much back-up data, which is likely to lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions across the household sector. To explore ways to reduce energy consumption in this sector, the company has introduced and provided services for home energy management systems (HEMS) since 2011 and is currently collecting HEMS data for up to 50,000 households. In order to grasp the actual state of energy consumption in each household, HEMS data are systematically analyzed, necessary conditions for energy reduction and self-sufficiency rate (SSR) improvement are analyzed, and energy consumption under certain conditions is estimated using storage batteries (SB) and heat pump water heaters (HPWH). In addition, energy consumption was investigated by actual measurement and simulation for several hundred households. Since power generation and consumption vary greatly depending on the region, building specifications, household type, equipment specifications, season, weather, etc., it is necessary to analyze these factors systematically. As a conclusion, in order to improve SSR, it is necessary to (1) reduce surplus power consumption and energy consumption of heat pump water heaters (HPWHs), (2) increase solar power generation, and (3) increase the size of SB. This study contributes to the spread of advanced housing and the reduction of CO2 emissions in the household sector.
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Barboza-Navarro, David, Johanna Solórzano Thompson et Javier Paniagua Molina. « Default risk in Microfinance Institutions : Case study of a Costa Rican company ». e-Agronegocios 9 (27 octobre 2023) : 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/ea.v9i1.6370.

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The most recent Economic Report of the Inter-American Development Bank ranks Costa Rica as the second country in Central America with the highest household indebtedness, and almost half of households have no savings. These conditions have led to increases in the default rates of loan creditors. This research analyzes the factors affecting default in a Costa Rican Microfinance Institution that grants microcredits to individuals and small businesses without access to traditional bank financing. An econometric approach with panel data was applied and the results show that default is affected by autoregressive components and the financed activity. The application of these methodologies allows strengthening credit analysis and the selection of market niches to mitigate the default risk.
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Bermejo-Martín, Gustavo, Carlos Rodríguez-Monroy et Yilsy M. Núñez-Guerrero. « Water Consumption Range Prediction in Huelva’s Households Using Classification and Regression Trees ». Water 13, no 4 (15 février 2021) : 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040506.

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This paper uses the numerical results of surveys sent to Huelva’s (Andalusia, Spain) households to determine the degree of knowledge they have about the urban water cycle, needs, values, and attitudes regarding water in an intermediary city with low water stress. In previous research, we achieved three different households’ clusters. The first one grouped households with high knowledge of the integral water cycle and a positive attitude to smart devices at home. The second cluster described households with low knowledge of the integral water cycle and high sensitivity to price. The third one showed average knowledge and predisposition to have a closer relationship with the water company. This paper continues with this research line, applying Classification and Regression Trees (CART) to determine which hierarchy of variables/factors/independent components obtained from the surveys are the decisive ones to predict the range of household water consumption in Huelva. Positive attitudes towards improved cleaning habits for personal or household purposes are the highest hierarchy component to predict the water consumption range. Second in the hierarchy, the variable Knowledge Global Score about the integral urban water cycle, associated with water literacy, also contributes to predicting the water consumption range. Together with the three clusters obtained previously, these results will allow us to design water demand management strategies (WDM) fit for purpose that enable Huelva’s households to use water more efficiently.
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Nuraeni, Rasmeidah Rasyid et Farizah Dhaifina Amran. « PARTNERSHIP PATTERN AND HOUSEHOLD WELFARE LEVEL OF SUGARCANE FARMERS ». International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 10, no 01 (2024) : 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2024.10108.

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Partnering with a sugar factory is the main choice for sugarcane farmers in Bone Regency because they are unable to process their own farm production, obtain market guarantees, and obtain production facilities. The aims of this study were to: (1) Identify the partnership pattern between sugarcane farmers and PT Perkebunan Nusantara XIV (PTPN XIV) Camming Sugar Factory, (2) Analyze the income of sugarcane farmers, (3) Analyze the welfare level of sugarcane farmers’ households. The respondents were 35 sugarcane farmers who had partnerships with PTPN XIV Camming Sugar Factory, and two key informants fromthe company who supervised the partnership which were expected to be able to provide information about the partnership pattern. The analytical method used is descriptive statistical analysis, income analysis, farmer’s household income structure analysis, household expenditure structure and welfare level analysis. The results showed that: (1) The partnership pattern run by sugarcane farmers and PTPN XIV Camming Sugar Factory isplasma-core pattern, where core being the nucleus and plasma the smallholding farmers. (2) The average income per harvest season of sugarcane farming is Rp. 13.991.923. (3) Sugarcane farmer households are categorized as prosperous with an average of 37.6% of total household expenditure is on food
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Caston, Nicole E., Courtney Williams, Kathleen D. Gallagher, Rebekah Angove, Eric Anderson, Alan James Balch et Gabrielle Betty Rocque. « Patient-reported unfair treatment within the health care system. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no 28_suppl (1 octobre 2021) : 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.115.

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115 Background: Patients with cancer who perceive discrimination and unfair treatment from the health care system are at risk for lower health-related quality of life. This study seeks to better understand the characteristics of under-resourced patients who report unfair treatment from the health care system and providers. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used data from a nationwide survey distributed in December 2020 by Patient Advocate Foundation (PAF), a US non-profit organization providing case management and financial aid to individuals with chronic illness. The survey was fielded via email to those who received PAF services from July 2019-April 2020. Inclusion criteria included a valid e-mail address, aged ≥ 19, and either current or previous cancer treatment. Respondents reported unfair treatment in connection to their health care. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, and annual household income were abstracted from the PAF database. The validated Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale was used to assess respondents’ level of mistrust in medical providers as it relates to their ethnic group. Scores range from 12-60 and were categorized based on tertiles as high mistrust (scores ≥ 29), neutral (21-28), and low mistrust (≤ 20). Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. Results: There were a total of 429 survey respondents with cancer. Most respondents were female (73%) and aged 56-75 (57%); 31% were Black, Indigenous, or Persons of Color (BIPOC). The most common cancer types were hematologic (33%) and breast (33%). Overall, 20% (n = 86) of respondents reported having received unfair treatment. Of those reporting unfair treatment, 56% reported receipt from their doctor, nurse, or health care provider, 51% insurance company, 38% the health care system, and 14% pharmacist. When asked why they felt unfairly treated, the most common responses were related to insurance status (51%), disease or condition (45%), and income (35%). Notably, unfair treatment due to race/ethnicity (6%), sex (9%), and sexual orientation/gender expression (3%) were uncommon. When compared to those who reported objective treatment, respondents reporting unfair treatment were more often unemployed/other (28% vs 11%), privately insured (38% vs 27%), having income < $23,000 (40% vs 25%), having 3+ comorbidities (40% vs 23%) and reporting more mistrust in medical providers (53% vs 27%). There did not appear to be a difference in reporting of unfair treatment by race/ethnicity. Of BIPOC respondents, 51% reported high mistrust in medical providers. Conclusions: This under-resourced population of respondents with cancer reported unfair treatment related to their finances, insurance, and disease status. Our data suggest health care-associated discrimination may occur based on socioeconomic resources. This work identifies a novel equity consideration warranting further evaluation.
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Birt, Sarah. « Artistic households : the economics of creative work in seventeenth-century London ». Historical Research 94, no 265 (4 juin 2021) : 489–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htab016.

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Abstract This article offers new insights into women’s occupational identities and the production of art in seventeenth-century London. The identification of a previously overlooked portraitist named Anne Wemyss (1633–98) shows that she was part of a much wider circle of artists and elite patrons active during this period. An exploration of the training afforded to a number of female Painter-Stainers’ Company apprentices that were connected to artistic households, followed by a micro-historical study of the gender division of labour in Mary Beale’s household studio, further credits women’s creative work in the wider economy.
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Robin, Stéphane R. « Housing Careers for Social Tenants in France : A Case Study ». Open House International 30, no 3 (1 septembre 2005) : 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2005-b0005.

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In France, social housing provides a significant proportion of housing services. The present contribution seeks to identify housing careers for social tenants, using event history analysis on a sample of over 40,000 households located in the Lille metropolitan area (in northern France). The data was provided by a local social housing company, and contains extensive geographical information. The analysis was conducted for the metropolitan area and for its three main cities (Lille, Roubaix and Tourcoing). This made it possible to measure the effect of geographical location at both the agglomeration and neighbourhood levels. Our main results are threefold. First, access to better housing depends more on individual characteristics than on residential location; thus, it appears that comparatively favoured households may use social housing to increase their “upward mobility.” Secondly, forced mobility (eviction) depends on household histories and characteristics, but is spatially heavily concentrated. Finally, urban renewal, by increasing the quality of the built environment, tends - at least in some neighbourhoods - to make social housing more desirable (by giving households a stronger incentive to stay). It may thus improve the quality of life of people who are less likely to become homeowners or to access larger/more comfortable houses.
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Livres sur le sujet "Household Aid Company"

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Pondichéry, Institut français de, dir. Friends of the household : Study of a catering company in Mumbai. Pondichéry : French Institute of Pondicherry, 2001.

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Hayes, Michelle. Elegant table linens : From Weil & Durrsè including Wilendur. Atglen, Pa : Schiffer Pub., 2004.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill : An act to exempt from seizure the salaries and household effects of school teachers. Quebec : Hunter, Rose & Lemieux, 2002.

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Miller, C. L. Door-to-door collectibles : Salves, lotions, pills & potions from W.T. Rawleigh. Atglen, PA : Schiffer Pub., 1998.

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Office, General Accounting. Water pollution : Greater EPA leadership needed to reduce nonpoint source pollution : report to the chairman and ranking minority member, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : GAO, 1990.

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Office, General Accounting. Water pollution : Stronger efforts needed by EPA to control toxic water pollution : report to the chairman, Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : U.S. G.A.O., 1991.

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Office, General Accounting. Water pollution : More EPA action needed to improve the quality of heavily polluted waters : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Regulation and Business Opportunities, Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.] : The Office, 1989.

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Office, General Accounting. Water pollution : More emphasis needed on prevention in EPA's efforts to protect groundwater : report to the chairman, Environment, Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : GAO, 1991.

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Office, General Accounting. Water pollution : Information on the use of alternative wastewater treatment systems : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : U.S. General Accounting Office, 1994.

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Office, General Accounting. Water pollution : Alyeska's efforts to comply with reissued ballast water treatment permit : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : The Office, 1990.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Household Aid Company"

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Calwell, Chris. « Compact Fluorescent Torchieres : A Case Study in Market Transformation ». Dans Energy Efficiency in Household Appliances and Lighting, 299–309. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56531-1_35.

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Alegoz, Mehmet, et Zehra Kamisli Ozturk. « A Multi Objective Multi Echelon Supply Chain Network Model for a Household Goods Company ». Dans Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 307–18. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18161-5_26.

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Albarrak, Najla, Hessa Alsanousi, Irene Moulitsas et Salvatore Filippone. « Using Big Data to Compare Classification Models for Household Credit Rating in Kuwait ». Dans Proceedings of Sixth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, 609–18. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1781-2_54.

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Asakawa, Kenji, Kouichi Kimoto, Shiro Takeda et Toshi H. Arimura. « Double Dividend of the Carbon Tax in Japan : Can We Increase Public Support for Carbon Pricing ? » Dans Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 235–55. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_13.

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Abstract Carbon pricing is difficult to introduce in many countries because it is not easy to obtain public support for carbon pricing due to the burden associated with it. One way to overcome this difficulty is to rely on the double dividend of a carbon tax. If a government uses revenue from a carbon tax to reduce existing distorting taxes, such as corporate taxes or labor taxes, a carbon tax can improve economic efficiency while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This chapter examines the net burden of a carbon tax with revenue recycling (RR) for two types of stakeholders: firms and households. Using dynamiccomputable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling, we examine the carbon prices needed to achieve the emission targets set for 2030 and 2050. Then, we simulate two types of RR: corporate tax reduction and a reduction in social security payments. We compare the benefit of the tax reduction to the increase in the burden from the carbon tax in scenarios for 2030/2050. In the scenario of corporate tax reduction, by selecting firms from the land transportation sector and power sector, we examine how profit changes due to the carbon tax. We find that the tax burden for a firm in the land transportation sector can be eased greatly with the corporate tax reduction. In the scenario of the social security payment reduction, we find that some households are better off under carbon pricing despite expenditure increases due to the carbon tax. Thus, we show that RR can increase support for the carbon tax.
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Gamble, Andrew. « Neo-liberalism and the Tax State1 ». Dans The Western Ideology and Other Essays, 39–58. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0003.

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This essay explores why economic liberalism in general and neo-liberalism in particular proved so resilient following the 2008 financial crash after so many ideas and policies associated with it had been discredited. It examines the different paradigms which have defined economic liberalism in the past, and the particular novel features of neo-liberalism, and its various strands, including the Austrian school, Ordo-liberalism, economic libertarianism, public choice, monetarism, and supply side economics. It looks at some of the deep roots of neo-liberalism in ideas about the relationship between households, states and markets, and how this relates to its ideas about the company as a corporate household and the state as a public household. The theory of the tax state became a key component of both economic liberalism and neo-liberalism in the twentieth century.
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Leng, Thomas. « Becoming a Merchant Adventurer ». Dans Fellowship and Freedom, 33–69. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794479.003.0002.

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This chapter addresses recruitment to the Company of Merchant Adventurers, focusing on the institution of apprenticeship. As well as being the most common means to join the Company, apprenticeship was used to manage overseas trade, with apprentices commonly deployed as agents overseas. The chapter introduces the social settings of Company trade overseas—the mart towns—and their place in the merchant life-cycle. It considers the opportunities and challenges facing aspiring Merchant Adventurers in the mart towns as they sought to assume the status of independent merchant in their own households. It also identifies significant changes in the social structure of the mart towns, associated with rising numbers of long-term residents, which had the potential to divide the Company’s different residences in England and overseas.
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Pollak, Robert A., et Terence J. Wales. « Household Budget Data ». Dans Demand System Specification and Estimation, 143–71. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195069419.003.0006.

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Abstract In this chapter we report demand system estimates based on household budget data. In Section 1 we demonstrate that interesting complete demand systems can be estimated from a small number of budget studies despite the limited price variability represented in such data. To illustrate we use household data for two years to estimate the LES and the QES. In Section 2 using a larger sample we concentrate on functional form specification and demographic influences on consumption patterns. We compare the LES with the quadratic expenditure system (QES), and the basic translog (BTL) with the generalized translog (GTL). We incorporate the age composition and the number of children using linear demographic translating and linear demographic scaling. In Section 3 we investigate three additional methods of incorporating demographic characteristics; because of the complexity of these procedures we estimate a simpler demand system-the generalized CES-rather than the QES or translog forms. In Section 4 we explore two dynamic QES specifications and introduce a stochastic structure that allows disturbances in each time period to be correlated across households. Due to the complexity of the estimation procedure we analyze separately households with different numbers of children. In Section 5 we explore random coefficient models for the LES and QES.
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Kohler, Timothy A., et James Kresl. « Be There Then : A Modeling Approach to Settlement Determinants and Spatial Efficiency Among Late Ancestral Pueblo Populations of the Mesa Verde Region, U.S. Southwest ». Dans Dynamics in Human and Primate Societies. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195131673.003.0012.

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The archaeology of southwestern Colorado from A.D. 900 to 1300 presents a number of interesting problems, including population aggregation and abandonment. We report on an on-going project, implemented using the modeling libraries of Swarm, to model the settlement dynamics of this region, treating households as agents. Landscape detail includes an annual model of paleoproductivity, soils, vegetation, elevation, and water resource type and location. Individuals within households reproduce and die; households farm, relocate, and die; children within households marry and form new households. Household location is responsive to changing productivity (depleted in some scenarios) and, in some scenarios, water resources. Comparison of simulated settlement with the archaeological record highlights changes in the settlement and farming strategies between Pueblo II and Pueblo III times, including the increasing importance of water and sediment-control, and other alternatives to extensive dry farming. Our results suggest that degradation of the dry-farming niche may have contributed to these changes. This project began with a desire to understand why, during certain times in prehistory, most Pueblo peoples lived in relatively compact villages, while at other times, they lived in dispersed hamlets (Cordell et al. 1994). Our approach to this problem is based on a thread of accumulating research begun in the early 1980s when a dissertation from the University of Arizona by Barney Burns (1983) showed that it was possible to retrodict potential prehistoric maize yields in a portion of Southwest Colorado by combining prehistoric tree-ring records with historic crop-production records of local farmers. A few years later, Kohler et al. (1986; see also Orcutt et al. 1990) simulated agricultural catchment size and shape in a northern portion of the present study area, to arrive at the suggestion that avoiding violent confrontation over access to superior agricultural land was a major force in forming the villages that appeared in this area in the late A.D. 700s and again in the mid-800s.
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Samsel, Agnieszka. « Analiza wyboru kanałów dystrybucji ubezpieczeń wśród gospodarstw domowych ». Dans Sektor ubezpieczeń w obliczu wyzwań współczesności, 41–52. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-131-6/3.

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Analysis of the selection of insurance distribution channels among households. The aim of the article is to examine which distribution channels are most often used by households. Moreover, the opinions of households on the future functioning of insurers are verified, as well as the validity of the existence of insurance. The main hypothesis was that young people prefer remote contact with an insurance company. For the purposes of the study, 245 people were surveyed using a questionnaire (CAWI method). The research results are presented graphically in charts. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also performed. This analysis showed that there is statistical significance in a pair of variables: gender and the possibility of eliminating personal contact with the insurer, and in a pair of variables – gender and the need to insure.
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Tanaka, Fukuharu, Teruhiro Mizumoto et Hirozumi Yamaguchi. « Recognizing Home Activity from Coarse Branch Circuit Energy Usage Data ». Dans Intelligent Environments 2024 : Combined Proceedings of Workshops and Demos & ; Videos Session. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aise240006.

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This study proposes a method for home activity recognition solely from the cumulative power consumption data of individual circuits obtained from HEMS distribution boards, recorded every 30 minutes. The proposed method targets seven activities: waking up, going to bed, cooking, laundry, dishwashing, bathing, and personal hygiene, aiming to estimate which activity occurred in each 30-minute time slot. Initially, it identifies the circuits most closely related to each activity. For activities identifiable by the ON/OFF status of appliances, it uses the presence or absence of power consumption in the corresponding circuit to recognize them. For other activities, it constructs models to estimate their presence using machine learning based on specially designed features. Furthermore, it adapts to inter-household differences using transfer learning. We conducted experiments using one year’s HEMS data from 17 households through collaboration with a cooperative company. As a result, we confirmed that it could recognize each of the seven activities with an average F1 score of 0.86. Furthermore, we confirmed that the recognition accuracy of each activity could be improved by performing transfer learning.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Household Aid Company"

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Ristić, Jadranka, et Vojkan Vučković. « SMANJENJE POTROŠNJE ELEKTRIČNE ENERGIJE KUPACA IZ KATEGORIJE DOMAĆINSTVO PRIMENOM ZAKLJUČKA VLADE REPUBLIKE SRBIJE ». Dans 36. Savetovanja CIGRE Srbija 2023 Fleksibilnost elektroenergetskog sistema. Srpski nacionalni komitet Međunarodnog saveta za velike električne mreže CIGRE Srbija, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/cigre36.1767r.

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In the period of the global energy crisis, just before the winter period of 2022/2023. year, the Government of the Republic of Serbia adopted a Conclusion, which recommended the Public Company "Elektroprivreda Srbije" Belgrade to calculate a discount for customers from the "household" category for the rational consumption of electricity. In this way, all households in the Republic of Serbia were motivated to reduce electricity consumption, which the vast majority did. This paper describes in detail the criteria for calculating discounts for rational consumption of electricity for customers from the "household" category, the number of households and the amount of electricity they have reduced. Also, the financial benefits achieved both for customers from the "household" category and for the Public Enterprise "Elektroprivreda Srbije" Belgrade are described. The aim of the work is to support households to reduce electricity consumption in the Republic of Serbia, during the period of the global energy crisis.
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Kuncova, Martina. « Electricity supplier selection by a household in the Czech Republic in 2017 and 2018 – Monte Carlo simulation approach ». Dans The 7th International Workshop on Simulation for Energy, Sustainable Development & Environment. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.sesde.002.

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The situation on the electricity retail market in the Czech Republic is not clear because of the number of suppliers and its products. Although the information about the prices for the electricity consumption for households is available on the web and each household can change the supplier nearly with no extra effort and cost, households are still often not familiar with the individual price items of the products. In this article the analysis of the Czech electricity market from the distribution rate D25d point of view is made for the years 2017-2018 when the household annual consumption is simulated via Monte Carlo simulation model. The aim of this paper is to select such a supplier and product that minimizes the total costs of the electricity for a household for the selected distribution rate and compare it with the results from the previous years.
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Zyder, Vaclav, Marian Piecha et Daniela Mosova. « PROCESSING AND DISPOSAL OF MUNICIPAL WASTE OF A SELECTED COMPANY ». Dans 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s18.27.

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Municipal waste is defined as waste from households and other sources, such as retail, administration, education, health, accommodation and food services and other services and activities, which is similar in nature and composition to household waste. Municipal waste should therefore include, inter alia, waste from park and garden maintenance, such as leaves, grass and tree clippings, and waste from market and street cleaning, such as the contents of rubbish bins and rubbish, with the exception of materials such as sand, stones, mud or dust. The rules and guidelines for municipal waste management are, of course, set by the relevant legal regulations, first of all the regulations and directives of the European Union, then the laws, government regulations and decrees. The Czech Republic is obliged to implement all EU regulations. The number of regulations adopted at the level of the European Union has been so great in recent years that they no longer even "roll over" into Czech Act No. 1852001 Coll. on waste, but only references to the relevant EU standards are inserted. The aim of the presented article is to define the procedures for waste treatment of a selected municipal company operating in the city of Havirov.
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Varga, Erzsebet Terez. « COMPARISON OF SEPARATED FAMILIES’ STANDARD OF LIVING IN GERMANY Analyzing the Equalised Incomes in Simulated Families after Child Support and Child Benefit Paid ». Dans 36th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2022-0084.

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In this paper, I describe the inequality in the standard of living in Germany after divorce and compare their risk of poverty. The one-parent families have the highest poverty risk everywhere in the world. In Germany, a directive is available for anybody to determine the child support geared to the non-custodial parent’s disposable income. Assuming that the non-custodial parent pays child support following this directive of düsseldorfer tables I found deep differences in the equalised incomes of the divorced households in simulated cases. Equalised incomes were determined by two types of the OECD scales to make comparable the different composed families’ incomes. Both methods result in fewer life standards for one-parent households in more than 83 % of the cases, however, the risk of poverty is not higher for the custodial parent’s household. This indicates some modification in the directive: the respect of the custodial parent’s income and/or correction of the amounts in the tables mainly on the higher income categories.
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Perera, Dushani, Nervo Verdezoto Dias, Julie Gwilliam et Parisa Eslambolchilar. « Understanding Household Consumption Practices and their Motivations : Opportunities to Foster Sustainability Practices ». Dans COMPASS '23 : ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3588001.3609360.

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Khusnuryani, Arifah, et Eka Sulistiyowati. « Household Water Supply in Yogyakarta (Indonesia) and Hanoi (Vietnam) ». Dans The 6th International Conference on Science and Engineering. Switzerland : Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-o3cfvn.

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This research explores water users’ perceptions regarding access, quantity, quality and water treatments in urban area of Yogyakarta and Hanoi. This research’s approach is qualitative and descriptive. The case studied was in the City of Yogyakarta, Indonesia and Hanoi Vietnam. Subjects were chosen using snowballing techniques. The result showed there was similar perceptions among respondents in both cities, in terms of access, quantity, and quality of water. All respondents decribed that they have adequate access to water supply, whether provided by the water company or derived from dug well. Repondents’s perceptions showed a degree of satisfaction with the quantity of water but a slight concern of quality.
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Favi, Claudio, Michele Germani et Maura Mengoni. « Correlation Law Between Functions and Environmental Impact for Smart Products ». Dans ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82982.

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Smart products are becoming more present in everyday life. They are prevalent in different markets such as electronic devices, cars and household appliances. One important dimension of product smartness is “multi-functionality”. When choosing a product, the consumer takes into account subjective and objective purchase drivers. Price, brand, aesthetics, environmental impact and functionalities represent an important set of these. In this context the work are interested in correlating two drivers: functions and eco-sustainability. Generally, this last characteristic should be maximized taking into consideration a correct balance with product functionalities. The aim of this work is to investigate this correlation. It can be measured by a suitable correspondence in order to determine a quantitative law. This relationship can be useful to the designers to determine the product features during the product design phase, but it can be also used by consumers to compare similar products. This paper reports the problem domain, approach for correlation law definition and, finally, the experimental analysis of product functions vs. environmental sustainability. Two case studies in the household appliances sector will exemplify the proposed analysis.
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Tamindžić, Jaško, Milica Tucović, Aleksandra Sretenović Dobrić, Uroš Milovančević et Vladmir Černicin. « Analysis of energy consumption of a residential building using hourly simulations ». Dans 54th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition. SMEITS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/kghk.022.019.

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The largest amount of energy in households in Serbia is being spent for heating needs. Therefore, the main idea of this paper is to compare the heating bills for a residential building in Belgrade using various energy sources. Electric boiler, gas fired condensing boiler and air to water heat pump are analyzed. For calculating expences, the current electricity and gas rates in Serbia have been used. For selected cases, both primary energy use and CO2 emission have been compared.
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Quiroz-Flores, Juan Carlos, Ana Pachauri-Carbajal et Valeria Escobar-Espinoza. « Increasing the service level index through implementing Lean Warehousing tools in a trading household equipment company ». Dans 21st LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (LACCEI 2023) : “Leadership in Education and Innovation in Engineering in the Framework of Global Transformations : Integration and Alliances for Integral Development”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2023.1.1.169.

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Feng Li. « Notice of Retraction : “Company and Rural Households”, an effective agricultural operation mechanism in China ». Dans 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6010294.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Household Aid Company"

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Riederer, Bernhard, Nina-Sophie Fritsch et Lena Seewann. Singles in the city : happily ever after ? Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, juin 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res3.2.

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More people than ever are living in cities, and in these cities, more and more people are living alone. Using the example of Vienna, this paper investigates the subjective well-being of single households in the city. Previous research has identified positive and negative aspects of living alone (e.g., increased freedom vs. missing social embeddedness). We compare single households with other household types using data from the Viennese Quality of Life Survey (1995–2018). In our analysis, we consider overall life satisfaction as well as selected dimensions of subjective wellbeing (i.e., housing, financial situation, main activity, family, social contacts, leisure time). Our findings show that the subjective well-being of single households in Vienna is high and quite stable over time. While single households are found to have lower life satisfaction than two-adult households, this result is mainly explained by singles reporting lower satisfaction with family life. Compared to households with children, singles are more satisfied with their financial situation, leisure time and housing, which helps to offset the negative consequences of missing family ties (in particular with regard to single parents).
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Bover, Olympia, Laura Crespo, Sandra García-Uribe, Marina Gómez-García, Paloma Urcelay et Pilar Velilla. Micro and macro data on household wealth, income and expenditure : comparing the Spanish Survey of Household Finances (EFF) to other statistical sources. Madrid : Banco de España, mars 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/36212.

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This paper assesses how magnitudes constructed from Spanish Survey of Household Finances (EFF) micro data compare with magnitudes from alternative sources, including the Financial Accounts of the Spanish Economy (FASE) and other income and consumption surveys. To do so, first we analyse the main differences among the sources and the main concepts that can be compared. For those magnitudes that are conceptually comparable, we quantify the extent to which the EFF magnitudes capture those from the other sources used. We document a high degree of conceptual and quantitative comparability. Our results show that aggregate non-financial assets and debts from the EFF are similar to the aggregated magnitudes from other sources. The composition of the financial asset portfolio held by households in aggregate terms is also similar across the sources, while the comparison for each individual financial asset category varies. In particular, listed and unlisted shares in the survey are the closest to their FASE counterparts. For income, the aggregate calculated on the basis of the EFF data is close to the aggregates calculated from several different sources. The results also show that the similarity between the EFF and other sources has improved across waves for some particular variables, for example, debt magnitudes.
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Chong, Alberto E., Virgilio Galdo et Máximo Torero. Does Privatization Deliver ? : Access to Telephone Services and Household Income in Poor Rural Areas Using a Quasi-Natural Experiment in Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, décembre 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010963.

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This paper takes advantage of a quasi-natural experiment in Peru by which the privatized telecommunications company was required by government to randomly install and operate public pay phones in small rural towns throughout the national territory. Using a specially designed household survey for a representative sample of rural towns, it is possible to link access to telephone services with household income. It was found that, regardless of the income measurement, most characteristics of public telephone usage are positively linked with income. Remarkably, the benefits occur at both non-farm and farm income levels. Not only do the findings hold when using instrumental variables, but they are also further confirmed when using propensity scores matching methods.
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Dávila Lárraga, Laura G. How does Prospera Work ? : Best Practices in the Implementation of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, avril 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010644.

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The Social Inclusion Program PROSPERA is the Mexico's conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, launched in 2014 after its predecessors: the Program for Human Development Oportunidades, and the Program for Education, Health, and Nutrition (Progresa), which entered into force in 2002 and 1997, respectively. In order to determine the eligibility of the households, a proxy means test is applied, based on the data gathered through the Survey of Socio-Economic and Demographic Characteristics of Households (Encuesta de Características Socioeconómicas y Demográficas de los Hogares - ENCASEH), which is answered by a responsible person in the household. Once the families have been accepted in the program, they must comply with their health and education-related co-responsibilities, which compliance is checked once every two months. In order to carry out these actions, the Prospera National Coordination Office (Coordinación Nacional de Prospera), which is in charge of managing the program, and the Secretariats of Public Education and Health allow the certification of compliance with education and healthcare-related actions, as well as the delivery of benefits on a two-month period basis through the payment points. By the end of 2014, 6,129,125 households were receiving benefits from the program. This document is part of a series of studies carried out in several countries of Latin America and the Caribbean with the objective of systematizing understanding of the operations of CCTs. The other case studies are available on the IDB´s Conditional Cash Transfers website.
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Mbabzi, Kikundwa Emma. Standardisation of Staff Training to Increase Efficiency. Purdue University, novembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317427.

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In any industry or organization, personnel training is emphasized with reference to National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) guidelines and other globally accepted guidelines. In spite of many refresher training programs, the pharmaceutical industry still faces significant variations in individual/ team efficiency and productivity. Individuals/teams given the same task, SOPs, environment and materials continue to produce significantly different results reflecting the possibility of operating on different sets of theoretical and practical information, which may stem from differing trainer, training program or training method. This study focused on using a standardized manual for training two teams A and B involved in vaccine production, as a tool to increase employee efficiency, productivity and quality, at a Livestock vaccine manufacturing company, with an objective to shorten the supply chain of vaccines (starting with Newcastle disease vaccine I-2 strain) to improve product quality, availability and affordability up to rural household level and back yard farmers. Baseline data was collected from four pre-training production batches and compared with data collected from three post-training production batches. The results showed that a tailored standardized training was effective in achieving the same level of efficiency, regardless of how late or soon the member joined the facility, and who conducted the training. The process of training staff, using a company tailored standardized manual, was shown to be successful within this company’s set up and could potentially be applied to other industries that are struggling with implementation of uniform information to their staff.
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Gasparini, Leonardo, Mariana Marchionni, Walter Sosa Escudero et Sergio Olivieri. Income, Deprivation, and Perceptions in Latin America and the Caribbean : New Evidence from the Gallup World Poll. Inter-American Development Bank, janvier 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011234.

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This paper is part of a large project on quality of life and deprivation in LAC commissioned by the IDB's Research Department (RES) that makes extensive use of the Gallup World Poll. This survey provides rich data on a wide range of issues in over 130 countries, 23 of them from LAC. This paper aims to provide evidence on the multiple dimensions of deprivation in LAC by exploiting this new dataset, combined with the national household surveys. The authors estimate levels and patterns of income, multidimensional non-monetary, and subjective deprivation for all countries in the region based on Gallup data, and compare the results with those from household surveys.
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Takeshima, Hiroyuki, Tahirou Abdoulaye, Kwaw S. Andam, Hyacinth O. Edeh, Adetunji Fasoranti, Beliyou Haile, P. Lava Kumar et al. Seed certification and maize, rice and cowpea productivity in Nigeria : An insight based on nationally representative farm household data and seed company location data. Washington, DC : International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136474.

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Gavin, Michael. The Mexican Oil Boom : 1977-1985. Inter-American Development Bank, janvier 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011582.

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The Mexican oil boom was characterized by a period of high investment, followed by capital flight. The private sector and households responded to the 1977-1981 windfall by attaining high savings rates. On the other hand, the Mexican government, the proprietor of the state oil company and the principal beneficiary of the oil boom, used windfall revenues to finance unsustainable spending and even engage in dissaving. These policies produced macroeconomic dislocations that made Mexico highly vulnerable to the inevitable external shocks.
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Genoni, María Eugenia, Carmen Pagés et Paula Auerbach. Social Security Coverage and the Labor Market in Developing Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, septembre 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010733.

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This paper analyzes the reasons behind the low rates of contribution to social security programs in developing countries. Using a large set of harmonized household surveys from Latin America we compare contribution patterns among wage employees, for whom participation is compulsory, with contribution patterns among self-employed workers, for whom participation is often voluntary. In all countries, contribution rates among salaried workers are similarly correlated with education, earnings, size of the employer, household characteristics and age. In addition, contribution patterns among salaried workers are highly correlated with contribution patterns among the self-employed. Our results indicate that on average more than 30 percent of the explained within-country variance in contributions patterns may be accounted for by individuals low willingness to participate in old-age pension programs. Nonetheless, we also find evidence suggesting that some workers are rationed out of social security against their will.
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Zarazaga, Rodrigo, et Lucas Ronconi. Labor Exclusion and the Erosion of Citizenship Responsibilities. Inter-American Development Bank, mars 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011683.

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This paper shows that workers who do not receive legally mandated benefits due to employer noncompliance have a negative view not only of their employers, as has been documented, but also of the State. Those workers believe that the State did not protect their rights, and hence they feel fewer obligations to comply with their duties as citizens. Using a list experiment, as well as household data from nine Latin American countries, the paper shows that non-registered workers are less likely to obey the law, pay taxes and vote compared to registered workers.
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