Articles de revues : « Host feeding preference »

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Simpson, Jennifer E., Paul J. Hurtado, Jan Medlock, Goudarz Molaei, Theodore G. Andreadis, Alison P. Galvani et Maria A. Diuk-Wasser. « Vector host-feeding preferences drive transmission of multi-host pathogens : West Nile virus as a model system ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 279, n^o 1730 (17 août 2011) : 925–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1282.

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Seasonal epizootics of vector-borne pathogens infecting multiple species are ecologically complex and difficult to forecast. Pathogen transmission potential within the host community is determined by the relative abilities of host species to maintain and transmit the pathogen and by ecological factors influencing contact rates between hosts and vectors. Increasing evidence of strong feeding preferences by a number of vectors suggests that the host community experienced by the pathogen may be very different from the local host community. We developed an empirically informed transmission model for West Nile virus (WNV) in four sites using one vector species ( Culex pipiens ) and preferred and non-preferred avian hosts. We measured strong feeding preferences for American robins ( Turdus migratorius ) by Cx. pipiens , quantified as the proportion of Cx. pipiens blood meals from robins in relation to their abundance (feeding index). The model accurately predicted WNV prevalence in Cx. pipiens at three of four sites. Sensitivity analysis revealed feeding preference was the most influential parameter on intensity and timing of peak WNV infection in Cx. pipiens and a threshold feeding index for transmission was identified. Our findings indicate host preference-induced contact heterogeneity is a key mediator of vector-borne pathogen epizootics in multi-species host communities, and should be incorporated into multi-host transmission models.

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Lefort, Marie-Caroline, Stéphane Boyer, Jessica Vereijssen, Rowan Sprague, Travis R. Glare et Susan P. Worner. « Preference of a native beetle for “exoticism,” characteristics that contribute to invasive success ofCostelytra zealandica(Scarabaeidae : Melolonthinae) ». PeerJ 3 (30 novembre 2015) : e1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1454.

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Widespread replacement of native ecosystems by productive land sometimes results in the outbreak of a native species. In New Zealand, the introduction of exotic pastoral plants has resulted in diet alteration of the native coleopteran species,Costelytra zealandica(White) (Scarabaeidae) such that this insect has reached the status of pest. In contrast,C. brunneum(Broun), a congeneric species, has not developed such a relationship with these ‘novel’ host plants. This study investigated the feeding preferences and fitness performance of these two closely related scarab beetles to increase fundamental knowledge about the mechanisms responsible for the development of invasive characteristics in native insects. To this end, the feeding preference of third instar larvae of bothCostelytraspecies was investigated using an olfactometer device, and the survival and larval growth of the invasive speciesC. zealandicawere compared on native and exotic host plants.Costelytra zealandica, when sampled from exotic pastures, was unable to fully utilise its ancestral native host and showed higher feeding preference and performance on exotic plants. In contrast,C. zealandicasampled from native grasslands did not perform significantly better on either host and showed similar feeding preferences toC. brunneum, which exhibited no feeding preference. This study suggests the possibility of strong intraspecific variation in the ability ofC. zealandicato exploit native or exotic plants, supporting the hypothesis that such ability underpins the existence of distinct host-races in this species.

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Diagne, Aboubacar, Richard N. Story et Abner M. Hammond. « ADULT PHYLLOPHAGA EPHILIDA HOST PLANT FEEDING PREFERENCE ». Florida Entomologist 89, n^o 3 (septembre 2006) : 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2006)89[391:apehpf]2.0.co;2.

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Astuti, Ludji Pantja, et Mutala’liah Mutala’liah. « Host preference of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) on six kinds of flour ». Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 17, n^o 3 (11 décembre 2020) : 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.17.3.149.

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The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbts) is a major pest of flour from various grains. The infested flour is discoloured and will emit a disagreeable odour due to the secretion of benzoquinone from the insect’s abdominal glands. Considering the economic losses effected by T. castaneum, new alternative control measures are needed for this pest. This study sought to determine the host preferences of T. castaneum from amongst six kinds of flour to assess their vulnerability to infestation. The research was conducted in the Plant Pest Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. The host preferences of T. castaneum were examined using a six-arm olfactometer. Feeding preference tests were performed for a duration of 12 hours at 200 ml/minute airflow in each chamber-arm, followed by oviposition preference observations one week later. Feeding preference was calculated for the total pool of adults observed, segregated by sex, whereas oviposition preference was calculated as the number of eggs laid. Flour nutrition (proximate composition, phenolic content, and riboflavin content) were analyzed. Our results showed a feeding preference by T. castaneum for bran, soy and tapioca flour was greater over wheat, corn, and white gelatinous rice flour, while for oviposition, bran flour was the most preferred.

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Bouyer, Jérémy, Mathieu Pruvot, Zacharia Bengaly, Patrick M. Guerin et Renaud Lancelot. « Learning influences host choice in tsetse ». Biology Letters 3, n^o 2 (19 décembre 2006) : 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0578.

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A learning capacity for feeding is described in many insect species including vectors of diseases, but has never been reported in tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae), the cyclic vectors of human (sleeping sickness) and animal trypanosomoses in Africa. Repeated feeding on the same host species by a disease vector is likely to increase the within-species disease-transmission risk, but to decrease it between species. An experiment with cattle and reptiles in a stable provides evidence that the species of host selected for the second blood meal in tsetse flies depends on the host encountered for the first blood meal when the between-meal interval is 2 days. This preference disappears when the between-meal interval is extended to 3 days. The energetic advantages of this acquired preference and its importance in trypanosomoses epidemiology are discussed.

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Radžiutė, Sandra, et Vincas Būda. « Host feeding experience affects host plant odour preference of the polyphagous leafminerLiriomyza bryoniae ». Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 146, n^o 2 (26 décembre 2012) : 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eea.12028.

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ELIZONDO-QUIROGA, ARMANDO, ADRIANA FLORES-SUAREZ, DARWIN ELIZONDO-QUIROGA, GUSTAVO PONCE-GARCIA, BRADLEY J. BLITVICH, JUAN FRANCISCO CONTRERAS-CORDERO, JOSE IGNACIO GONZALEZ-ROJAS, ROBERTO MERCADO-HERNANDEZ, BARRY J. BEATY et ILDEFONSO FERNANDEZ-SALAS. « HOST-FEEDING PREFERENCE OF CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS IN MONTERREY, NORTHEASTERN MEXICO ». Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 22, n^o 4 (décembre 2006) : 654–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/8756-971x(2006)22[654:hpocqi]2.0.co;2.

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Chu, Chang–Chi, Thomas J. Henneberry et Allen C. Cohen. « Bemesia argentifolii (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) : Host Preference and Factors Affecting Oviposition and Feeding Site Preference ». Environmental Entomology 24, n^o 2 (1 avril 1995) : 354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/24.2.354.

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Knodel-Montz, Janet J., Robert E. Lyons et Sidney L. Poe. « Photoperiod Affects Chrysanthemum Host Plant Selection by Leafminers (Diptera : Agromyzidae) ». HortScience 20, n^o 4 (août 1985) : 708–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.4.708.

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Abstract The leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), was attracted more to short day (SD) grown chrysanthemums for feeding and oviposition than to long day (LD) grown chrysanthemums. Densities of feeding punctures and mines within SD grown plants were positively related to leaf height. A physical property of chrysanthemum leaves influencing the preference of feeding and oviposition sites by the female leafminer was trichome density.

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Menezes Jr., Ayres Oliveira, Adriana Yatie Mikami, André Keiiti Ide et Maurício Ursi Ventura. « Feeding preferences of Microtheca punctigera (Achard) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) for some Brassicaceae plants in multiple-choice assays ». Scientia Agricola 62, n^o 1 (janvier 2005) : 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000100014.

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Host plant feeding preference is important basic information for the development of insect management strategies. Multiple-choice feeding preference assays were conducted in the laboratory for the chrysomelid beetle, Microtheca punctigera (Achard). Feeding was assessed 72 h after onset of experiments. With one larva per Petri dish, food items comprised watercress, Nasturtium officinale L., arugula, Eruca sativa L., mustard, Brassica juncea Cosson, Chinese cabbage, B. pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr. and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.). Feeding ranking preferences were Chinese cabbage, mustard, wild radish, arugula and watercress (7.97, 1.85, 0.98, 0.36 and 0.11 mm², respectively). Feeding on Chinese cabbage was 4.31 times more intense than on mustard. The same experiment was repeated with one adult per dish. Responses of males and females were quite similar. Feeding was higher on mustard (87.2 and 142.8 for males and females, respectively). Feeding on arugula (51.5 and 132.7) and Chinese cabbage (51.8 and 89.0) were intermediate. Watercress (22.96 and 39.3) and wild radish (12.03 and 28.4) were the least preferred host plants. In a third experiment, ten larvae per dish were used and spinach, Tetragonia expansa Murr., radish, Raphanus sativus L. and collard, B. oleracea var. acephala L., were also included. Daily larval frequencies on each food were also measured. Feeding was similar on Chinese cabbage and mustard (47.89 and 53.78, respectively). Number of insects was greater on mustard, Chinese cabbage and wild radish. Probable explanations for results and proposals for further investigations are discussed.

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Zulnawati, Asih, Dahelmi Dahelmi et Resti Rahayu. « Feeding Preference of Papilio memnon Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera) Larvae on Host Plants Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus hystrix (Rutaceae) ». Metamorfosa : Journal of Biological Sciences 5, n^o 2 (18 octobre 2018) : 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i02.p21.

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This research aimed to investigate the food preference of the Papilio memnon L. larvae on two host plants. This study was conducted by two choice food preference test combination of leaves Citrus aurantifolia Chrism. and Citrus hystrix DC. The result of this study showed that the third instar of P. memnon L. larva significant preferential feeding (P<0.05), while the fourth and fifth instar shown that no significant feeding preference beetwen host plants. Nitrogen and water content of leaves were higher on C. aurantifolia (0.212 % and 70.368%) than C. hystrix (0.04% dan 64.027%). While carbohydrate content was higher on C. hystrix (22.167%) than C.aurantifolia (31.097%).

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Garvin, Mary, Amy Austin, Kevin Boyer, Madeleine Gefke, Celestina Wright, Yemko Pryor, Anah Soble et Rebecca Whelan. « Attraction of Culex pipiens to House Sparrows Is Influenced by Host Age but Not Uropygial Gland Secretions ». Insects 9, n^o 4 (25 septembre 2018) : 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9040127.

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Culex pipiens serves as the endemic vector of West Nile virus (WNV) in eastern North America, where house sparrows (HOSP, Passer domesticus) serve as a reservoir host. We tested the hypotheses that: (1) Attraction of Cx. pipiens to HOSP is influenced by bird age and (2) that age-specific variation in chemical profiles of bird uropygial gland secretions informs this choice. We conducted mosquito choice trials in an olfactometer and found that Cx. pipiens were more often attracted to adult sparrows over nestlings, however, they demonstrated no preference for adults over fledglings. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry we observed age-specific differences in the semi-volatile chemical profiles of house sparrow uropygial gland secretions. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no significant difference in mosquito feeding preference between the secretions of adults and those of either nestlings or fledglings. We suggest that other chemical cues influence the feeding preference of Cx. pipiens, either independently of uropygial gland secretions, or synergistically with them.

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Cunniffe, Nik J., Nick P. Taylor, Frédéric M. Hamelin et Michael J. Jeger. « Epidemiological and ecological consequences of virus manipulation of host and vector in plant virus transmission ». PLOS Computational Biology 17, n^o 12 (30 décembre 2021) : e1009759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009759.

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Many plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors. Transmission can be described as persistent or non-persistent depending on rates of acquisition, retention, and inoculation of virus. Much experimental evidence has accumulated indicating vectors can prefer to settle and/or feed on infected versus noninfected host plants. For persistent transmission, vector preference can also be conditional, depending on the vector’s own infection status. Since viruses can alter host plant quality as a resource for feeding, infection potentially also affects vector population dynamics. Here we use mathematical modelling to develop a theoretical framework addressing the effects of vector preferences for landing, settling and feeding–as well as potential effects of infection on vector population density–on plant virus epidemics. We explore the consequences of preferences that depend on the host (infected or healthy) and vector (viruliferous or nonviruliferous) phenotypes, and how this is affected by the form of transmission, persistent or non-persistent. We show how different components of vector preference have characteristic effects on both the basic reproduction number and the final incidence of disease. We also show how vector preference can induce bistability, in which the virus is able to persist even when it cannot invade from very low densities. Feedbacks between plant infection status, vector population dynamics and virus transmission potentially lead to very complex dynamics, including sustained oscillations. Our work is supported by an interactive interface https://plantdiseasevectorpreference.herokuapp.com/. Our model reiterates the importance of coupling virus infection to vector behaviour, life history and population dynamics to fully understand plant virus epidemics.

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Faucci, Anuschka, Robert J. Toonen et Michael G. Hadfield. « Host shift and speciation in a coral-feeding nudibranch ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 274, n^o 1606 (18 octobre 2006) : 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3685.

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While the role of host preference in ecological speciation has been investigated extensively in terrestrial systems, very little is known in marine environments. Host preference combined with mate choice on the preferred host can lead to population subdivision and adaptation leading to host shifts. We use a phylogenetic approach based on two mitochondrial genetic markers to disentangle the taxonomic status and to investigate the role of host specificity in the speciation of the nudibranch genus Phestilla (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) from Guam, Palau and Hawaii. Species of the genus Phestilla complete their life cycle almost entirely on their specific host coral (species of Porites , Goniopora and Tubastrea ). They reproduce on their host coral and their planktonic larvae require a host-specific chemical cue to metamorphose and settle onto their host. The phylogenetic trees of the combined cytochrome oxidase I and ribosomal 16S gene sequences clarify the relationship among species of Phestilla identifying most of the nominal species as monophyletic clades. We found a possible case of host shift from Porites to Goniopora and Tubastrea in sympatric Phestilla spp. This represents one of the first documented cases of host shift as a mechanism underlying speciation in a marine invertebrate. Furthermore, we found highly divergent clades within Phestilla sp. 1 and Phestilla minor (8.1–11.1%), suggesting cryptic speciation. The presence of a strong phylogenetic signal for the coral host confirms that the tight link between species of Phestilla and their host coral probably played an important role in speciation within this genus.

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Ma, Lin, Meng-Yue Li, Chun-Yan Chang, Fang-Fang Chen, Yang Hu et Xiang-Dong Liu. « The host range of Aphis gossypii is dependent on aphid genetic background and feeding experience ». PeerJ 7 (27 septembre 2019) : e7774. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7774.

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Background A polyphagous insect herbivore has a wide range of host plants. However, it has been found that many polyphagous herbivores commonly exhibit a strong preference for a subset of species in their broad host range, and various host biotypes exist in herbivore populations. Nutrition and secondary metabolites in plants affect herbivore preference and performance, but it is still not clear which factors determine the host range and host preference of polyphagous herbivores. Method Cotton-melon aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover, collected from cotton and cucumber crops, were used in this study. The genetic backgrounds of these aphids were detected using microsatellite PCR and six genotypes were evaluated. Performance of these six aphid genotypes on excised leaves and plants of cotton and cucumber seedlings were examined through a reciprocal transplant experiment. In order to detect whether the feeding experience on artificial diet would alter aphid host range, the six genotypes of aphids fed on artificial diet for seven days were transferred onto cotton and cucumber leaves, and then their population growth on these two host plants was surveyed. Results Aphids from cotton and cucumber plants could not colonize the excised leaves and intact plants of cucumber and cotton seedlings, respectively. All six genotypes of aphids collected from cotton and cucumber plants could survive and produce offspring on artificial diet, which lacked plant secondary metabolites. The feeding experience on the artificial diet did not alter the ability of all six genotypes to use their native host plants. However, after feeding on this artificial diet for seven days, two aphid genotypes from cotton and one from cucumber acquired the ability to use both of the excised leaves from cucumber and cotton plants. The two aphid genotypes from cotton conditioned by the feeding experience on artificial diet and then reared on excised cucumber leaves for >12 generations still maintained the ability to use intact cotton plants but did not establish a population on cucumber plants. However, one cucumber genotype conditioned by artificial diet and then reared on excised cotton leaves could use both the intact cotton and cucumber plants, showing that the expansion of host range was mediated by feeding experience. Conclusion Feeding experience on artificial diet induced the expansion of host range of the cucurbit-specialized A. gossypii, and this expansion was genotype-specific. We speculated that feeding on a constant set of host plants in the life cycle of aphids may contribute to the formation of host specialization.

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Augot, Denis, Leila Hadj-Henni, Stavana E. Strutz, Darine Slama, Christine Millot, Jérôme Depaquit et Jean-Marc Millot. « Association between host species choice and morphological characters of main sensory structures of Culicoides in the Palaeartic region ». PeerJ 5 (27 juillet 2017) : e3478. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3478.

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Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) serve as vectors of several mammalian and avian diseases, including bluetongue, Schmallenberg, African horse sickness, avian malaria and Oropouche. Host preference investigations are necessary to assess the transmission routes of vector-borne diseases and to inform mitigation strategies. A recent study examining the main sensory structures (palps and antennae) of Culicoides species suggests that they be classified as ornithophilic or mammalophilic according to their feeding habits. We analyzed Culicoides host preferences according to the literature and carried out a multiple correspondence analysis linking these preferences with morphological data. Seven out of 12 variables were found to be reliable predictors of host preference in Culicoides species: Antenna Flagellomer-Sensilla Coeloconica-Number: (7–10) and (11–13); Antenna Flagellomer-Sensilla Coeloconica IV–X: presence; Palpus-size: wide and/or narrow opening and shallow pit; Palpus-Shape: strongly swollen; Antenna-Short sensilla trichodea-distal part segment IV to X-Number: 2 seta each. Our results demonstrate that the presence of sensilla coeloconica and the maxillary palpus can be used to separate ornithophilic and mammalophilic or ornithophilic/mammalophilic species.

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Ueno, T. « Selective host-feeding on parasitized hosts by the parasitoid Itoplectis naranyae (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae) and its implication for biological control ». Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, n^o 4 (août 1998) : 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300042206.

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AbstractHost-feeding by parasitoid wasps has been viewed as a positive attribute for biological control, because hosts are killed as a result of host-feeding in addition to parasitism. Host acceptance and host-feeding responses o unparasitized vs. conspecifically parasitized hosts by the parasitoid wasp Itoplectis naranyae Ashmead were studied in the laboratory. Female I. naranyae selected to oviposit in unparasitized hosts and those that had been parasitized I h previously, in equal proportions, even when allowed access to both types of host. Females also fed upon both types of host equally. Females, however, avoided ovipositing in hosts parasitized 40 h and 70 h previously, and preferentially fed upon them when allowed access both to parasitized and to unparasitized hosts. Parasitoid progeny in hosts which had been used for host-feeding suffered a high degree of mortality. Females used host internal changes as cues for deciding whether to feed on hosts. It is suggested that immature parasitoid mortality can be increased due to female preference for using parasitized hosts for host-feeding. Hence, host-feeding by I. naranyae may not be an advantageous biological control characteristic. The adaptive significance of selective host-feeding is also discussed.

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Coyle, David R., Katherine E. Clark, Kenneth F. Raffa et Scott N. Johnson. « Prior host feeding experience influences ovipositional but not feeding preference in a polyphagous insect herbivore ». Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 138, n^o 2 (24 décembre 2010) : 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.01083.x.

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Avanesyan, Alina. « Should I Eat or Should I Go ? Acridid Grasshoppers and Their Novel Host Plants : Potential for Biotic Resistance ». Plants 7, n^o 4 (7 octobre 2018) : 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants7040083.

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Novel, non-coevolved associations between introduced plants and native insect herbivores may lead to changes in trophic interactions in native communities, as well as to substantial economic problems. Although some studies in invasion ecology demonstrated that native herbivores can preferentially feed on introduced plants and therefore contribute to the biotic resistance of native communities to plant invasions, the role of acridid grasshoppers as native generalist insect herbivores is largely overlooked. This systematic review aimed to identify patterns of grasshopper feeding preferences for native versus introduced plants and, consequently, a potential of grasshoppers to provide biotic resistance of native communities. The analysis of 63 records of feeding preference trials for 28 North-American grasshopper species (retrieved from 2146 studies published during 1967–2017) has demonstrated a preference of grasshoppers for introduced host plants, and identified 12 preferred introduced plants with high or middle invasive ranks. A significant effect of the life stage (p < 0.001), but not the experimental environment, plant material, and measurements, on grasshopper preferences for introduced plants was also detected. Overall, results suggest a potential of acridid grasshoppers to contribute to the biotic resistance of native communities. The review also provides methodological recommendations for future experimental studies on grasshopper-host plant interactions.

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Yang, Nian-Wan, Lu-Lu Ji, Gabor L. Lövei et Fang-Hao Wan. « Shifting Preference between Oviposition vs. Host-Feeding under Changing Host Densities in Two Aphelinid Parasitoids ». PLoS ONE 7, n^o 7 (17 juillet 2012) : e41189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041189.

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Pollock, Nicholas B., Larisa K. Vredevoe et Emily N. Taylor. « How do host sex and reproductive state affect host preference and feeding duration of ticks ? » Parasitology Research 111, n^o 2 (19 avril 2012) : 897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-2916-8.

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Lyimo, Issa N., Daniel T. Haydon, Tanya L. Russell, Kasian F. Mbina, Ally A. Daraja, Edgar M. Mbehela, Richard Reeve et Heather M. Ferguson. « The impact of host species and vector control measures on the fitness of African malaria vectors ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 280, n^o 1754 (7 mars 2013) : 20122823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.2823.

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Many malaria vector mosquitoes in Africa have an extreme preference for feeding on humans. This specialization allows them to sustain much higher levels of transmission than elsewhere, but there is little understanding of the evolutionary forces that drive this behaviour. In Tanzania, we used a semi-field system to test whether the well-documented preferences of the vectors, Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) for cattle and humans, respectively, are predicted by the fitness they obtain from host-seeking on these species relative to other available hosts. Mosquito fitness was contrasted, when humans were fully exposed and when they were protected by a typical bednet. The fitness of both vectors varied between host species. The predicted relationship between host preference and fitness was confirmed in An. arabiensis , but not in An. gambiae s.s., whose fitness was similar on humans and other mammals. Use of typical, imperfect bednets generated only minor reductions in An. gambiae s.s. feeding success and fitness on humans, but was predicted to generate a significant reduction in the lifetime reproductive success of An. arabiensis on humans relative to cows. This supports the hypothesis that such human-protective measures could additionally benefit malaria control by increasing selection for zoophily in vectors.

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Zhang, Bin, Kari A. Segraves, Huai-Jun Xue, Rui-E. Nie, Wen-Zhu Li et Xing-Ke Yang. « Adaptation to different host plant ages facilitates insect divergence without a host shift ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 282, n^o 1815 (22 septembre 2015) : 20151649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1649.

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Host shifts and subsequent adaption to novel host plants are important drivers of speciation among phytophagous insects. However, there is considerably less evidence for host plant-mediated speciation in the absence of a host shift. Here, we investigated divergence of two sympatric sister elm leaf beetles, Pyrrhalta maculicollis and P. aenescens , which feed on different age classes of the elm Ulmus pumila L. (seedling versus adult trees) . Using a field survey coupled with preference and performance trials, we show that these beetle species are highly divergent in both feeding and oviposition preference and specialize on either seedling or adult stages of their host plant. An experiment using artificial leaf discs painted with leaf surface wax extracts showed that host plant chemistry is a critical element that shapes preference. Specialization appears to be driven by adaptive divergence as there was also evidence of divergent selection; beetles had significantly higher survival and fecundity when reared on their natal host plant age class. Together, the results identify the first probable example of divergence induced by host plant age, thus extending how phytophagous insects might diversify in the absence of host shifts.

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Petrucciani, Alexa, Geonsik Yu et Mario Ventresca. « Multi-season transmission model of Eastern Equine Encephalitis ». PLOS ONE 17, n^o 8 (17 août 2022) : e0272130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272130.

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Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) is an arbovirus that, while it has been known to exist since the 1930’s, recently had a spike in cases. This increased prevalence is particularly concerning due to the severity of the disease with 1 in 3 symptomatic patients dying. The cause of this peak is currently unknown but could be due to changes in climate, the virus itself, or host behavior. In this paper we propose a novel multi-season deterministic model of EEE spread and its stochastic counterpart. Models were parameterized using a dataset from the Florida Department of Health with sixteen years of sentinel chicken seroconversion rates. The different roles of the enzootic and bridge mosquito vectors were explored. As expected, enzootic mosquitoes like Culiseta melanura were more important for EEE persistence, while bridge vectors were implicated in the disease burden in humans. These models were used to explore hypothetical viral mutations and host behavior changes, including increased infectivity, vertical transmission, and host feeding preferences. Results showed that changes in the enzootic vector transmission increased cases among birds more drastically than equivalent changes in the bridge vector. Additionally, a 5% difference in the bridge vector’s bird feeding preference can increase cumulative dead-end host infections more than 20-fold. Taken together, this suggests changes in many parts of the transmission cycle can augment cases in birds, but the bridge vectors feeding preference acts as a valve limiting the enzootic circulation from its impact on dead-end hosts, such as humans. Our what-if scenario analysis reveals and measures possible threats regarding EEE and relevant environmental changes and hypothetically suggests how to prevent potential damage to public health and the equine economy.

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Wood, Bruce W., et Charles C. Reilly. « Susceptibility of Pecan to Black Pecan Aphids ». HortScience 33, n^o 5 (août 1998) : 798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.5.798.

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The host-parasite interaction between the black pecan aphid (BPA) [Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis)] and pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] was investigated. Three years of field observations of the ability of BPA populations to induce chlorotic blotches, or visual damage, on 32 pecan cultivars revealed considerable variation in cultivar susceptibility to BPA damage. Among the most commonly grown cultivars, `Sioux', `Cape Fear', `Farley', `Cowley', `Grabohls', and `Barton' exhibited the least damage, whereas `Choctaw', `Oconee', and `Sumner' exhibited the greatest, with `Sioux' and `Choctaw' exhibiting the greatest extremes in susceptibility. Subsequent evaluation indicated that the foliage of pecan genotypes can exhibit an antibiotic-like effect, resulting in the suppression of resident BPA populations. However, the relationship between the degree of this antibiotic effect and the degree of damage exhibited by trees, or field tolerance, was negligible (r = -0.10). For example, while `Choctaw' foliage greatly suppressed BPA population growth, this population was able to inflict relatively severe damage to leaves. An evaluation of feeding preference indicated that BPA alate viviparae (winged females) preferentially feed upon host cultivars on which they have been previously feeding. This feeding preference was eliminated by rinsing leaves with distilled water; hence, a water soluble factor(s) appears to be involved in host preference.

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Andersen, Peter C., Brent V. Brodbeck et Russell F. Mizell. « Effects of Ovipositional Preference on Distribution of the Xylophagous Leafhopper, Homalodisca coagulata (Say) ». HortScience 32, n^o 3 (juin 1997) : 436A—436. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.436a.

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Homalodisca coagulata (Say) is a xylem-feeding leafhopper that is the principal vector of many economically important diseases resulting from infection by Xylella fastidiosa (i.e., plum leaf scald, phony peach disease). We have previously established that high abundances and high consumption rates of H. coagulata occur on host species with high amide concentrations in the xylem fluid. Several lines of research suggest that selection of “marginal hosts” (those that typically have low abundances of leafhoppers) may be influenced by ovipositional, as well as feeding, preferences. In northern Florida, Euonymus japonica consistently has the highest densities of eggs and young nymphs, but is only a marginal host for adults. Adults caged on this host feed little and have a short longevity. In contrast, young insects (second instar) caged on the host have high survivorship rates and assimilate dietary nutrients with high efficiency. H. coagulata are abundant on Prunus germplasm in northern Florida during the month of June, but only occasionally visit Prunus after this period. In a study of 10 Prunus scion/rootstock combinations, we established that abundances of H. coagulata on Prunus during the peak period were correlated to leafhopper consumption rates. During summer, when Prunus serves as a marginal host, leafhopper abundances are tightly coupled to fecundity rates. Understanding of ovipositional preference may be central to our understanding of Xylella acquisition. These preliminary experiments suggest that leafhoppers may sample xylem fluid during ovipositional selection, as they preferentially select ovipositional sites that have proper nutrient profiles for development of young nymphs (“mother knows best”). Although consumption rates are low for marginal hosts, repeated probing for ovipositional preference may contribute to the spread of diseases caused by X. fastidiosa.

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Penley, McKenna J., et Levi T. Morran. « Host mating system and coevolutionary dynamics shape the evolution of parasite avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans host populations ». Parasitology 145, n^o 6 (28 juin 2017) : 724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017000804.

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AbstractHosts exhibit a variety of defence mechanisms against parasites, including avoidance. Both host–parasite coevolutionary dynamics and the host mating system can alter the evolutionary trajectories of populations. Does the nature of host–parasite interactions and the host mating system affect the mechanisms that evolve to confer host defence? In a previous experimental evolution study, mixed mating and obligately outcrossing Caenorhabditis elegans host populations adapted to either coevolving or static Serratia marcescens parasite populations. Here, we assessed parasite avoidance as a mechanism underlying host adaptation. We measured host feeding preference for the coevolved and static parasites vs preference for Escherichia coli, to assess the evolution of avoidance behaviour within our experiment. We found that mixed mating host populations evolved a preference for E. coli relative to the static parasite strain; therefore, the hosts evolved parasite avoidance as a defence. However, mixed mating hosts did not exhibit E. coli preference when exposed to coevolved parasites, so avoidance cannot account for host adaptation to coevolving parasites. Further, the obligately outcrossing host populations did not exhibit parasite avoidance in the presence of either static or coevolved parasites. Therefore, both the nature of host–parasite interactions and the host mating system shaped the evolution of host defence.

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Sharma, Mohan, et Prem Bahadur Budha. « Host Preference Vegetables of Tobacco Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) in Nepal ». Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 20, n^o 1 (25 novembre 2015) : 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v20i1.13936.

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The host preference of whitefly Bemisia tabaci was experimented in four economically important vegetable plants viz. tomato, brinjal, capsicum and cucumber in 2012-2013. It was found that preference of whitefly for feeding under both conditions free-choice and no-choice was significantly different after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours. Cucumber was the most preferred host plant for oviposition while capsicum was the least.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2015, 20(1): 133-137

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Purnomo, Purnomo, Aunu Rauf, Soemartono Sosromarsono et Teguh Santoso. « KESESUAIAN DAN PREFERENSI LIRIOMYZA HUIDOBRENSIS (BLANCHARD) (DIPTERA : AGROMYZIDAE) PADA BERBAGAI TUMBUHAN INANG ». Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 8, n^o 2 (4 novembre 2011) : 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.28102-109.

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Host suitability and the preference of Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on different host plants. Potato leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis has become a major pest on highland vegetables since its invasion in Indonesia in 1994. The objectives of this research was to elucidate the level of suitability and the preference of L. huidobrensis on different host plant species. Research was conducted in Insect Ecology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture-IPB. The result of laboratory experiments indicated that host plants showing the highest level of suitability (based on the intrinsic rate of increase, r) were potato (Solanum tuberosum), chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis), kacang endul (P. vulgaris), and snap bean (P. vulgaris). Low host suitability were found on cucumber (Cucumis sativus), tomato ( S. lycopersicum), wild radish (Nasturtium indicum) and a non-crop vegetation, galinggang (Galinsoga parviflora). There was consistency between suitability and host preference. The first four host plants mentioned above were preferred for feeding and laying eggs.

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Wang, Zheng-Yan, et Jian-Chu Mo. « Effects of Experience on Subsequent Feeding or Oviposition Preference in Musca domestica (Diptera : Muscidae) and Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera : Calliphoridae) ». Journal of Entomological Science 44, n^o 3 (1 juillet 2009) : 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-44.3.187.

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Objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of larval experience on feeding preference of larvae and the effect of larval and pupal experience on oviposition preference of females in Musca domestica L. and Chrysomya megacephala F. Dietary experience from hatch to test significantly influenced feeding preference of the second-instar larvae in M. domestica (P < 0.01), but did not in C. megacephala. The larval dietary and pupal experience did not change the oviposition preference of C. megacephala, and experienced gravid females laid all of their eggs on pork muscle. Larval feeding regimen had no effect on oviposition preference of subsequent females in M. domestica. However, the pupal experience in M. domestica significantly influenced the oviposition preference of subsequent females, and M. domestica females from pupae matured on wheat bran laid significantly more eggs on wheat bran than those that matured on pork muscle, or filter paper whether pupae were washed or not (P < 0.01). These results demonstrated that host-selection behavior in M. domestica was shaped by preimaginal experience according to the chemical legacy hypothesis.

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Pureswaran, Deepa S., et Therese M. Poland. « Host Selection and Feeding Preference ofAgrilus planipennis(Coleoptera : Buprestidae) on Ash (Fraxinusspp.) ». Environmental Entomology 38, n^o 3 (1 juin 2009) : 757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0328.

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Garcia-Rejon, Julian E., Bradley J. Blitvich, Jose A. Farfan-Ale, Maria A. Loroño-Pino, Wilberth A. Chi Chim, Luis F. Flores-Flores, Elsy Rosado-Paredes et al. « Host-Feeding Preference of the Mosquito,Culex quinquefasciatus, in Yucatan State, Mexico ». Journal of Insect Science 10, n^o 32 (avril 2010) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.010.3201.

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DAUGHERTY, MATTHEW P., JOAO LOPES et RODRIGO P. P. ALMEIDA. « Vector within-host feeding preference mediates transmission of a heterogeneously distributed pathogen ». Ecological Entomology 35, n^o 3 (24 février 2010) : 360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2010.01189.x.

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Mesfin, T., J. Den Hollander et P. G. Markham. « Feeding activities of Cicadulina mbila (Hemiptera : Cicadellidae) on different host-plants ». Bulletin of Entomological Research 85, n^o 3 (septembre 1995) : 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300036129.

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AbstractThe probing activities of the most important leafhopper vector of maize streak virus, Cicadulina mbila (Naudé) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) were studied on different host-plants. Host preference was determined by giving the insects a choice of six plants, Digitaria sanguinalis, Zea mays, Zea perennis, Paspalum conjugatum, Oryza sativa and Saccharum officinarum (all Gramineae). Cicadulina mbila showed a strong preference for D. sanguinalis. Histological examination of plant tissues for salivary sheaths was used to reveal the preferred tissue. Cicadulina mbila tended to ingest from the phloem of its preferred hosts, and switch to mesophyll or xylem tissue on less preferred hosts. The suitability of each host was assessed by measuring the weight gain and amount of honeydew produced on each host by newly emerged adult females. Both parameters were greatest on the preferred host. Probing behaviour was also monitored electronically by recording the different waveform patterns produced when insects were probing, ingesting or not probing on the selected hosts. Cicadulina mbila probed less frequently, ingested longer and spent less time in non-probing activities on its preferred host, D. sanguinalis, although these responses were similar on maize and sugarcane. Rice induced poor probing responses and altered behaviour. This interpretation of the waveforms was supported by histological examination. As maize streak virus (MSV) is not found in phloem sieve elements, prolonged ingestion from sieve cells would not account for efficient acquisition from maize, which would require ingestion from other types of cells. D. sanguinalis was the host in which most ingestion from the phloem occurred, but it is the poorest source of MSV.

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Kasičová, Zuzana, Andrea Schreiberová, Andrea Kimáková et Alica Kočišová. « Blood meal analysis : host-feeding patterns of biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae, Culicoides Latreille) in Slovakia ». Parasite 28 (2021) : 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2021058.

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Biting midges of the genus Culicoides are vectors of important pathogens affecting domestic and wild animals and have played a major role in the re-emergence of new outbreaks of bluetongue (BTV) and Schmallenberg (SBV) viruses in Europe. To determine vector-host specificity, trophic preference from blood meal analysis is of major importance in the surveillance of arthropod-borne diseases. Of 28,752 specimens collected, we identified 17 Culicoides species and investigated a total of 48 host sequences from the blood meals. Culicoides obsoletus/C. scoticus, C. dewulfi, C. pulicaris, C. lupicaris, C. punctatus, C. newsteadi, C. riethi, and C. furcillatus were found to feed on mammals (cattle, horses, and humans), birds (domestic chickens), small rodents (Apodemus flavicollis), and hares (Lepus europaeus). To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating trophic preferences of Culicoides spp. in Slovakia. This study demonstrated that Culicoides species are able to feed on domesticated host vertebrates as well as birds, rodents, and humans.

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Silva, Darliane Evangelho, Joseane Moreira do Nascimento, Rita Tatiane Leão da Silva, Julia Jantsch Ferla, Kettlin Ruffatto, Calebe Fernando Juchem, Luiz Liberato Costa Corrêa, Liana Johan et Noeli Juarez Ferla. « FEEDING PREFERENCE AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF PANONYCHUS ULMI ON LEAVES OF APPLE AND GRAPEVINE ». Oecologia Australis 25, n^o 01 (15 mars 2021) : 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2021.2501.08.

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Panonychus ulmi is widely distributed in apple and vineyards worldwide. In Brazil, the first damages were observed in apple orchard and later in grapevine. The aim of this study was to evaluate feeding preference and biological traits of P. ulmi on different grapevine varieties (BRS Vitória, Merlot and Concord) and apple (Fuji) under laboratory conditions. The food preference experiment did not reveal any significant differences, but P. ulmi presented the lowest rate of oviposition in the Concord varietal, demonstrating an oviposition preference in V. vinifera varietals and general preference for apple. Mortality was significantly different between varieties, with the lowest mortality on apple and higher oviposition rate in this host. Higher viability occurred on Merlot and apple. Feeding preference studies are scarce, considering phytophagous mites and grape varieties, although they are important in the development of pest control strategies.

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Wang, Jue, Sufang Zhang et Yanan Zheng. « Feeding Preferences and Responses of Monochamus saltuarius to Volatile Components of Host Pine Trees ». Insects 13, n^o 10 (29 septembre 2022) : 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13100888.

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Monochamus saltuarius is a vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and has caused massive mortality in pine trees in Japan, South Korea, and the middle temperate zone of China. In this study, the feeding preferences of M. saltuarius to four common host pine species in the middle temperate zone of China were investigated in a laboratory. The volatiles of the four host pine species were sampled and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The responses of M. saltuarius to host pine tree volatiles were measured using a four-arm olfactometer. The results showed that: (1) the preference of M. saltuarius for Pine tabulaeformis was significantly higher than the other ones. (2) The composition and content of the volatiles of the four tested host pine twigs were different, and the relative content of α-pinene was the highest. (3) M. saltuarius was highly sensitive to α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, and 3-carene, and the attracting effect was enhanced by the mixture of volatile components. This study provides a reference for the development and application of attractants for M. saltuarius. Our results would be helpful in controlling M. saltuarius and pine wilt disease.

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Gerard, P. J., et K. M. O'Donnell. « Investigations into suitability of Trifolium occidentale as a host plant for two common pasture pests ». New Zealand Plant Protection 67 (8 janvier 2014) : 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2014.67.5788.

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Western clover (Trifolium occidentale) is a diploid perennial clover that is reported to be one of the progenitors of white clover (Trifolium repens) The ability to produce hybrids between T repens and T occidentale provides an opportunity to introduce factors to improve white clover tolerance to common stress factors A series of assays was undertaken to compare the feeding and performance of two contrasting pests on two T occidentale lines and two T repens cultivars Clover root weevil (Sitona lepidus) adults showed a preference for T repens but this diminished if weevils had been previously exposed to T occidentale Weevil longevity feeding levels and oviposition were comparable over 32 days indicating T occidentale is a host plant for adult S lepidus Clover flea (Sminthurus viridis) showed a strong preference for T repens over T occidentale in a choice test and higher feeding levels on T repens in the nochoice test

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Ruess, Liliane, Erick J. Garcia Zapata et John Dighton. « Food preferences of a fungal-feeding Aphelenchoides species ». Nematology 2, n^o 2 (2000) : 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508962.

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Abstract The growth of Aphelenchoides sp. populations was investigated in vitro with 17 different fungal species as food source. Nematode mass cultures were obtained with saprophytic (Agrocybe, Chaetomium) and especially with mycorrhizal fungi (Cenococcum, Hymenoscyphus, Laccaria). Mitosporic species, like Alternaria, Monocillium or Penicillium, were generally meagre or non-hosts. This poor host suitability is likely due to the release of toxic metabolites (e.g. antibiotics) and/or to morphological differences (e.g., forming of conidiophores) by the fungi. Frequent grazing of nematodes on mycorrhizal mycelia may be of major significance for the establishment and maintenance of mycorrhizal associations in the field. Food preference of Aphelenchoides sp. was tested in choice chamber experiments. Nematodes showed a marked preference for particular fungal species. They changed food source with time, indicating a “mixed diet” selection, probably a strategy to avoid the concentration of toxic metabolites. The attractiveness of a fungus was not necessarily correlated with its suitability as a host. That a poor fungal host can be a strong nematode attractant and influence their spatial distribution in the soil has implications for nematode populations in the field. In Laborexperimenten wurde die Vermehrung des Nematoden Aphelenchoides sp. mit 17 verschiedenen Pilzspezies als Nahrungsgrundlage untersucht. Neben saprophytischen Arten (Agrocybe, Chaetomium) eigneten sich insbesondere Mykorrhizapilze (Cenococcum, Hymenoscyphus, Laccaria) für eine Massenvermehrung. Eine schlechte Nahrungsquelle stellten mitosporische Arten, wie Alternaria, Monocillium oder Penicillium, dar. Dies dürfte auf toxische Stoffwechselprodukte (z.B., Antibiotika) und/oder auf morphologische Unterschiede (z.B., Sporenbildung) zurückzuführen sein. Die gute Vermehrung der Nematoden an Mykorrhizapilzen ist von weitreichender Bedeutung für das Freiland. Negative Auswirkungen auf die Ausbildung und Funktion von Mykorrhiza im Boden sind zu erwarten. In Nahrungswahlexperimenten zeigte Aphelenchoides sp. eine ausgeprägte Präferenz für bestimmte Pilzarten. Das Wechseln zwischen den einzelnen Pilzspezies weist auf die Bevorzugung von “Mischnahrung” hin. Dies dürfte eine Strategie zur Vermeidung von hohen Konzentrationen toxischer Nahrungsbestandteile sein. Präferenz und Nahrungsqualität standen nur in geringem Zusammenhang. Somit können auch Pilze, die eine schlechte Nahrungsquelle darstellen, attraktiv auf Nematoden wirken und deren Verbreitung in Boden und Rhizosphäre beeinflussen.

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Rapo, Carole B., Urs Schaffner, Sanford D. Eigenbrode, Hariet L. Hinz, William J. Price, Matthew Morra, John Gaskin et Mark Schwarzländer. « Feeding intensity of insect herbivores is associated more closely with key metabolite profiles than phylogenetic relatedness of their potential hosts ». PeerJ 7 (17 décembre 2019) : e8203. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8203.

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Determinants of the host ranges of insect herbivores are important from an evolutionary perspective and also have implications for applications such as biological control. Although insect herbivore host ranges typically are phylogenetically constrained, herbivore preference and performance ultimately are determined by plant traits, including plant secondary metabolites. Where such traits are phylogenetically labile, insect hervivore host ranges are expected to be phylogenetically disjunct, reflecting phenotypic similarities rather than genetic relatedness among potential hosts. We tested this hypothesis in the laboratory with a Brassicaceae-specialized weevil, Ceutorhynchus cardariae Korotyaev (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), on 13 test plant species differing in their suitability as hosts for the weevil. We compared the associations between feeding by C. cardariae and either phenotypic similarity (secondary chemistry—glucosinolate profile) or genetic similarity (sequence of the chloroplast gene ndhF) using two methods—simple correlations or strengths of association between feeding by each species, and dendrograms based on either glucosinolates or ndhF sequence (i.e., a phylogram). For comparison, we performed a similar test with the oligophagous Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) using the same plant species. We found using either method that phenotypic similarity was more strongly associated with feeding intensity by C. cardariae than genetic similarity. In contrast, neither genetic nor phenotypic similarity was significantly associated with feeding intensity on the test species by P. xylostella. The result indicates that phenotypic traits can be more reliable indicators of the feeding preference of a specialist than phylogenetic relatedness of its potential hosts. This has implications for the evolution and maintenance of host ranges and host specialization in phytophagous insects. It also has implications for identifying plant species at risk of nontarget attack by potential weed biological control agents and hence the approach to prerelease testing.

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Zhou, Jiaying, Jiangtao Zhang, Tom Tregenza, Youliang Pan, Qinzhao Wang, Haoni Shi et Xingping Liu. « Larval Host Preference and Suitability for the Sawfly Mesoneura rufonota among Five Cinnamomun Tree Species ». Insects 11, n^o 2 (22 janvier 2020) : 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11020076.

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The camphor sawfly, Mesoneura rufonota Rohwer, is an economically important leaf-chewing pest of the genus Cinnamomum Trew. However, little is known about the range of species that it can infest within this genus or whether larvae show preferences for particular species. We conducted preference and performance experiments under laboratory conditions to assess larval host preference and suitability as a host plant of five congeneric trees species: C. camphora (Linn) Presl, C. bodinieri Levl., C. burmanni (Nees et T. Nees) Blume, C. pauciflorum Nees, and C. micranthum (Hay.) Hay. In no-choice, two-choice and multiple-choice feeding trials, significantly higher feeding rates were found on C. camphora, followed by C. bodinieri, compared to those on the other three tree species. In two-choice behavior trials, larvae moved to occupy leaves of C. camphora faster and more frequently, followed by C. bodinieri, than when offered the other three tree species. In no-choice fitness trials, the survival of larval and pupal stage was the highest, the developmental duration of larval and pupal stage was the shortest, the pupal body weight was the heaviest and adults lived the longest on C. camphora followed by C. bodinieri, while M. rufonota did not complete development on C. burmanni, C. pauciflorum or C. micranthum. Our results demonstrate that larvae consistently prefer and perform better on C. camphora leaves, that they can utilize C. bodinieri, but it is less preferred, and that C. burmanni, C. pauciflorum, and C. micranthum appear to be unsuitable as a host for M. rufonota.

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Braker, Elizabeth, et Robin L. Chazdon. « Ecological, behavioural and nutritional factors influencing use of palms as host plants by a Neotropical forest grasshopper ». Journal of Tropical Ecology 9, n^o 2 (mai 1993) : 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646740000715x.

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ABSTRACTThis study focused on relationships between a tropical forest grasshopper and a major group of its host plants. Microtylopteryx hebardi (Acrididae:Ommatolampinae) at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica, feeds on understorey palms as well as other understorey plants. We assessed leaf damage levels in populations of three geonomoid palm species (Geonoma cuneata, Geonama congcsta, Asterogyne martiana), investigated feeding response of M. hebardi to the three palms, and examined leaf characteristics presumed to be important to herbivores. In understorey and gapedge habitats, total leaf damage did not differ significantly between palm species. In the centre of small light gaps, where M. hebardi was most abundant, total leaf damage and total herbivory on G. cuneata was equal to that on the other species, but herbivory attributable to grasshoppers was significantly greater. Female M. hebardi showed strong preference for G. cuneata over the other palm species in laboratory feeding trials. Experiments to elucidate the proximate basis for this feeding preference showed that grasshoppers preferentially bit filter paper discs containing cuticular wax extract of G. cuneata. In consumption and digestibility experiments, grasshoppers consumed more fresh weight of G. cuneata and gained more weight per unit time spent feeding on this species. Leaves of G. cuneata had the highest percentage water content, highest fresh and dry mass per unit leaf area, and the lowest percentage crude lignin among the three palms studied. These factors may partially explain the preference of M. hebardi for G. cuneata, which was reflected in higher herbivory rates incurred by G. cuneata in sites where M. hebardi was locally abundant.

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GVOZDENAC, S., S. TANASKOVIĆ, F. VUKAJLOVIĆ, D. PRVULOVIĆ, J. OVUKA, V. VIŠACKI et A. SEDLAR. « HOST AND OVIPOSITIONAL PREFERENCE OF RICE WEEVIL (SITOPHILUS ORYZAE) DEPENDING ON FEEDING EXPERIENCE ». Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 18, n^o 5 (2020) : 6663–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1805_66636673.

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LASKER, H. R., M. A. COFFROTH et L. M. FITZGERALD. « Foraging Patterns ofCyphoma gibbosumon Octocorals : the Roles of Host Choice and Feeding Preference ». Biological Bulletin 174, n^o 3 (juin 1988) : 254–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1541952.

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Moraru, Gail Miriam, Jerome Goddard et Andrea S. Varela-Stokes. « Observations on Host Preference and Feeding Success of Immature Amblyomma maculatum (Acari : Ixodidae) ». Journal of Entomological Science 47, n^o 3 (juillet 2012) : 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-47.3.221.

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Ekbom, Barbara, et Annika Borg. « Pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus) oviposition and feeding preference on different host plant species ». Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 78, n^o 3 (mars 1996) : 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1996.tb00793.x.

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JOHNSON, RICHARD N., PHILIP M. NGUMBI, J. PANWEL MWANYUMBA et CLIFFORD R. ROBERTS. « Host feeding preference of Phlebotomus guggisbergi, a vector of Leishmania tropica in Kenya ». Medical and Veterinary Entomology 7, n^o 3 (juillet 1993) : 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00679.x.

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Wang, Qianjin, Jingjing Li, Cong Dang, Xuefei Chang, Qi Fang, David Stanley et Gongyin Ye. « Rice dwarf virus infection alters green rice leafhopper host preference and feeding behavior ». PLOS ONE 13, n^o 9 (7 septembre 2018) : e0203364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203364.

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Boyer, Sébastien, Benoit Durand, Sony Yean, Cécile Brengues, Pierre-Olivier Maquart, Didier Fontenille et Véronique Chevalier. « Host-Feeding Preference and Diel Activity of Mosquito Vectors of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Rural Cambodia ». Pathogens 10, n^o 3 (21 mars 2021) : 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030376.

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Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is the most important cause of human encephalitis in Southeast Asia, and this zoonosis is mainly transmitted from pigs to human by mosquitoes. A better understanding of the host-feeding preference of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) major vectors is crucial for identifying risk areas, defining bridge vector species and targeting adapted vector control strategies. To assess host-feeding preference of JE vectors in a rural Cambodian area where JE is known to circulate, in 2017, we implemented four sessions of mosquito trapping (March, June, September, December), during five consecutive nights, collecting four times a night (6 p.m. to 6 a.m.), and using five baited traps simultaneously, i.e., cow, chicken, pig, human, and a blank one for control. In addition, blood meals of 157 engorged females trapped at the same location were opportunistically analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using cow, pig, human, and dog blood primers. More than 95% of the 36,709 trapped mosquitoes were potential JE vectors. These vectors were trapped in large numbers throughout the year, including during the dry season, and from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. Despite the apparent host-feeding preference of Culex vishnui, Cx. gelidus, and Cx. tritaenhyorhincus for cows, statistical analysis suggested that the primary target of these three mosquito species were pigs. Dog blood was detected in eight mosquitoes of the 157 tested, showing that mosquitoes also bite dogs, and suggesting that dogs may be used as proxy of the risk for human to get infected by JE virus.

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Mortazavi, Nasimeh, Yaghoub Fathipour et Ali Asghar Talebi. « Interactions between two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum on strawberry ». Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, n^o 12 (1 décembre 2017) : 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.12.5.

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The interspecific competition is a widespread phenomenon among the herbivores and is an important factor in shaping the herbivore communities. Plants usually mediate competition among herbivores via induced resistance, which can affect pest density, either by altering the performance or host preference of herbivores. The strawberry plants host the two-spotted spider mites (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch and greenhouse whitefly (GHWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) in greenhouses. We clearly observed the adverse effect of TSSM or GHWF prevalence on colonization and outbreak of the other one, therefore the possibility exists that feeding-induced changes in plant and interspecific competition are the effective factors in shaping their densities. In this study, laboratory experiments were carried out to determine whether previous feeding by TSSM on strawberry (Camarosa variety) affects the performance and oviposition preference of GHWF (as a competitor), and vice versa. Lower egg number, and the slower development as well as delayed oviposition were observed when the pests fed on infested leaves than control leaves. Furthermore, when the pests were given the choice between the non-infested and infested leaves, both pests significantly preferred the non-infested leaves. Our study concluded that feeding-induced changes in quality of host plant adversely affected the performance and oviposition preference of both pests. We suggested that these results can help to explain the different population densities of pests in presence and absence of other species and can attract the attention of farmers to the effects of interspecific competition on the densities of pests.

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