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Articles de revues sur le sujet "History of literary ideas in Hispanic America"

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Ette, Ottmar. « Literature as Knowledge for Living, Literary Studies as Science for Living ». PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 125, no 4 (octobre 2010) : 977–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2010.125.4.977.

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In 2001, the official year of the “life sciences” in germany, ottmar ette began pulling together ideas for what was to become the programmatic essay excerpted and translated here. Ette is known for different things in different places: in Spain and Hispanic America, he is renowned for his work on José Martí, Jorge Semprún, Mario Vargas Llosa, Gabriel García Márquez, and a host of other authors. In the francophone world, he is best known for his writings on Roland Barthes and, more recently, on Amin Maalouf, while his reputation in his native Germany rests on his voluminous work on Alexander von Humboldt and on the new literatures in German. That this polyglot professor of Romance literatures is, at heart and in practice, a comparatist goes almost without saying. He is also, perhaps as inevitably, a literary theorist and a cultural critic, whose work has attracted attention throughout Europe. In his 2004 book ÜberLebenswissen—a title that might be rendered in English both as “Knowledge for Survival” and as “About Life Knowledge”—Ette first began to reclaim for literary studies the dual concepts of Lebenswissen and Lebenswissenschaft, which I have translated provisionally as “knowledge for living” and “science for living” to set them off from the biotechnological discourses of the life sciences. While ÜberLebenswissen focuses on the disciplinary history and practices of the field of Romance literatures, its companion volume from 2005, ZwischenWeltenSchreiben: Literaturen ohne festen Wohnsitz (“Writing between Worlds: Literatures without a Fixed Abode”), extends Ette's inquiry to the global contexts of Shoah, Cuban, and Arab American literatures. Both volumes urge that literary studies “be opened up, made accessible and relevant, to the larger society. Doing so is, simply and plainly, a matter of survival” (ZwischenWeltenSchreiben 270).
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Gustafson, Sandra M. « Reimagining the Literature of the Modern Republic ». PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no 3 (mai 2016) : 752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.3.752.

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Raúl Coronado'S Ambitious and Beautifully Realized Book About The Literature Of Failed Republican Revolution in Late-eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century Texas is a major contribution to the expanding field of scholarship that recovers, contextualizes, and interprets Tatino/a writing. This wide-ranging study traces the influence of scholastic thought in Spain and Spanish America, culminating in a discussion of the resonances of that intellectual tradition after 1848, as newly conquered Tejanos faced expropriation and violence by United States Americans. Coronado shows how the ideas of Thomas Aquinas and his Spanish interpreters—notably Francisco Suárez (1548-1617), a Jesuit and the leading member of the Thomist School of Salamanca, whose ideas were broadly influential in the Hispanic world—presented a durable alternative to the liberal philosophy of John Tocke and Adam Smith. In part through Suárez's influence, the Roman Catholic concept of the corpus mysticum fed into a distinctive vision of the modern republic that elevated the pueblo over the individual. That this alternative tradition failed initially to gain political and cultural ground explains the melancholy title of Coronado's study, while the possibility of recuperating this history as a usable past animates the project as a whole.
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Preuss, Ori. « Discovering "os ianques do sul" : towards an entangled Luso-Hispanic history of Latin America ». Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional 56, no 2 (décembre 2013) : 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-73292013000200009.

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The article reconstructs the largely forgotten role of key Brazilian intellectuals in the Latins-versus-Anglo-Saxons debates that developed around 1898, emphasizing the embeddedness of their thinking in the transnational crossings of men and ideas within South America. It thus challenges the common depiction of late-nineteenth-century Latin Americanism as a purely Spanish American phenomenon and of the United States as its major catalyst, allowing a more nuanced understanding of this movement' s nature.
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Murillo, Edwin. « Existencial Poetics in the 19th Century Latin America ». Revista de Filología y Lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica 45, no 1 (21 mars 2019) : 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v45i1.36674.

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Typically, the origin story of Existentialism has depicted Latin America’s contributions as subsequent and tributary to its European counterpart. Nevertheless, a select few critics have approached this history in Hispanic America from a chronologically inclusive perspective, by calling attention to an Existential Poetics in modernismo. This article expands the borders of Existential Poetics to fashion a Latin American literary imaginary. Given the work already done on Rubén Darío and José Martí, both of whom have been studied independently, my analysis will be collective, favoring philopoetic works by Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera, Julián del Casal, José Asunción Silva, and João Cruz e Sousa. The purpose of examining Hispanic-American poets in conjunction with a Brazilian is to accentuate the Pan-American quality of this Existentialism avant la lettre. As I will discuss, all these poems deal with a crisis of irrelevance and overtly question being in the world, classic motifs of Existentialism. Together, these poems allow for the synchronized inclusion of Latin American voices to the universal history of Existentialism, an approached not explicitly carried out by most philosophical and literary historiographers.
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O'Neill, John. « The Medieval Holdings of the Hispanic Society of America : A Brief History and Update ». La corónica : A Journal of Medieval Hispanic Languages, Literatures, and Cultures 50, no 1-2 (septembre 2021) : 419–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cor.2021.a910137.

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Abstract: Founded in 1904 by American scholar, philanthropist and collector, Archer M. Huntington, The Hispanic Society of America was established on the premise of a passion and curiosity for Hispanic and Latin American art, cultures and history. The Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books houses approximately 15,000 books printed before 1701 (250 of which are incunables), 16,000 books printed between 1701–1830, and roughly 200,000 manuscripts, letters, and documents. Although the bulk of the collection was formed by Huntington in the early 1900s, the Society has never ceased to expand its collections in all areas. It remains true to its founder's aims, as stated in the founding deed: "a library, museum and educational institution, free entry, open to the public, containing objects of artistic, historical and literary value and interest," whose objective would be "The promotion of the study of the language, literature and history of Spain and Portugal and other countries where Spanish and Portuguese are spoken."
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Sadaba, Teresa, et Mónica Herrero. « Cancel Culture in the Academia : The hispanic perspective ». methaodos revista de ciencias sociales 10, no 2 (31 octobre 2022) : 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17502/mrcs.v10i2.594.

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Although many cases of the so-called Cancel Culture in the American and British colleges and are taking place nowadays, social science researchers claim for a better understanding of the phenomenon and a clarification of the concept. In this context, cultural perspectives can be an interesting tool to illuminate facts and meanings. This paper tries to contribute to this debate introducing theoretical aspects as well as case studies from the Hispanic context. To achieve this goal, first three different approaches to the Cancel Culture (critical, institutional, and moral) are explained. Then, we examine the role of social media and the new “fear of isolation”, connecting Cancel Culture with the classic theory of the spiral of silence (Noelle-Neumann, 1974). We complement the theoretical discussion with an exploratory work on cases of Cancel Culture in different Hispanic countries. Observing characteristics of those cases we can conclude that they do not follow the traces of the Anglosaxon world, but they share some aspects of the culture of fear in the new digital context. This is the first academic work in this field for the situation in Latin America and Spain.
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Soriano Robles, Lourdes. « Els viatges dels incunables del Tirant (1490 i 1497) fins a la Hispanic Society of America ». Magnificat Cultura i Literatura Medievals 9 (7 décembre 2022) : 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/mclm.9.23758.

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López Bermúdez, Andrés. « Cultura y tradición literaria de España en Jorge Zalamea Borda. Temas, momentos y corrientes en discusión con la tradición crítica hispanoamericana ». Estudios de Literatura Colombiana, no 24 (11 août 2011) : 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.elc.9861.

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Resumen: Desde el siglo XIX, la reinterpretación del legado cultural y literario español ha interesado a intelectuales del mundo ibérico e hispanoamericano. A partir del siglo XIX dicho asunto fue de sumo interés para escritores como Rubén Darío, Manuel González Prada, Pedro Henríquez Ureña y Jorge Zalamea Borda. Este artículo analiza las opiniones de Zalamea Borda sobre la cultura y la tradición literaria de España, haciendo énfasis en el Siglo de Oro, la Generación del 98 y la Generación del 27. Descriptores: España; Cultura; Modelos literarios; Tradición; Renacimiento literario; Hispanoamérica. Abstract: The reinterpretation of Spanish cultural and literary legacy has interested intellectuals from Iberian and Hispanic world since the 19th century. During that period, this issue was of the utmost importance for writers such as Rubén Darío, Manuel González Prada, Pedro Henríquez Ureña and Jorge Zalamea Borda. The following article analyzes Zalamea Borda’s opinions concerning Spainsh culture and literary tradition, emphasizing on the Spanish “Siglo de Oro”, the 27’s and 98’s Generations. Key words: Spain; Culture; Literary models; Tradition; Literary renaissance; Hispanic America; Zalamea Borda; Jorge.
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Will, W. Marvin. « A Nation Divided : The Quest for Caribbean Integration ». Latin American Research Review 26, no 2 (1991) : 3–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100023748.

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Recognizing that the traditional five-state subregion of Central America departed from European colonialism as a federated entity, Ralph Lee Woodward subtitled his seminal history of Central America 'A Nation Divided.“ In his view, ”the social and economic history of the isthmus suggests that its peoples share considerably in their problems and circumstances, even though their political experience has been diverse. But it is also clear that their social and economic unity has been limited by their political disunity“ (Woodward 1985, vii). Following a period of colonial tutelage equal to that of Hispanic Central America, the Commonwealth Caribbean or English-speaking Caribbean also began to edge away from colonization as a federation of ten nations: Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, Antigua, Dominica, Grenada, St. Kitts–Nevis–Anguilla, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Montserrat. Applying Woodward's criteria, these former British colonies in the West Indies appear to have an even stronger claim than Hispanic Central America to substantial past and future national integration. According to Jamaican-American historian Franklin Knight and theorist Gordon Lewis, this subregion demonstrates more cultural and physical commonalities than differences (Knight 1978, x–xi; G. Lewis 1983). Despite the frictions induced by negotiations for independence, substantial regional integration of the nation-states of the English-speaking Caribbean was achieved during the late 1960s and early 1970s. These efforts atrophied in the years prior to 1987, however, because of internal divisions and external pressures.
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Fredrick, Sharonah. « Mayan and Andean Medicine and Urban Space in the Spanish Americas ». Renaissance and Reformation 44, no 2 (5 octobre 2021) : 147–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v44i2.37524.

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Mayan and Andean medicine included empirical perspectives and botanical cures that were transmitted in the urban spaces of colonial Spanish America, spaces themselves built over former Amerindian cities. Mayan and Andean peoples, whose histories included development of both urban and rural aspects of civilization, brought their medical knowledge to the Hispanic cities of the colonial Americas. In these cities, despite the disapproval and persecution of the Inquisition, Native American medicine gradually became part of the dominant culture. As this article will demonstrate, Mayan and Andean medical knowledge was absorbed by the “new cities” that Imperial Spain constructed in the colonial Americas, church disapproval notwithstanding. Cities and urban space became prime conduits for the circulation and incorporation of Native American medical knowledge among the newer Hispanic and mestizo population in the colonial Americas.
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Thèses sur le sujet "History of literary ideas in Hispanic America"

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Uribe, Flores Eduardo. « Le discours théorique sur la poésie en Amérique hispanique entre 1819 et 1919 : Andrés Bello, José María Heredia, Manuel González Prada et Ricardo Jaimes Freyre ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030034.

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L’objectif général de cette thèse est d’étudier le discours théorique sur la poésie entre 1819 et 1919, à partir de quatre auteurs fondamentaux de cette période. Une fois remise en cause la poétique néoclassique et manquant d’une théorie d’ensemble de la littérature, ces auteurs ont proposé des approches théoriques de la chose littéraire dans des textes d’ordre divers : des traités, des manuels, mais aussi des articles, des comptes rendus ou des paratextes auctoriaux. Nous proposons de lire ce corpus hétérogène comme les réalisations d’un discours théorique sur la poésie, dans lequel la théorie a un statut, une épistémologie, une portée et une formalisation variables. En même temps, la formation de leurs théories réactive des savoirs et des connaissance hérités de la culture classique. Il s’agit d’une dialectique entre les acquis et le besoin de nouvelles connaissances dont nous faisons l’archéologie. La recherche propose aussi une relecture des théories poétiques du XIXe siècle en Amérique hispanique à partir des œuvres de Bello, Heredia, González Prada et Jaimes Freyre
The general objective of this study is to analyse the theoretical discourse on poetry between 1819 and 1919, based on four fundamental authors of this period. Once neoclassical poetics was called into question and lacking an overall theory of literature, these authors proposed theoretical approaches to poetics in texts of various kinds : treatises, manuals, but also articles, reviews or auctorial paratexts. We propose to read this heterogeneous corpus as realizations of a theoretical discourse on poetry, in which theory has a variable status, epistemology, scope and formalization. At the same time, the conception of their theories reactivates knowledge and insights inherited from classical culture. We present an archaeology of this dialectic between what has been learned and the need for new knowledge. The research also proposes a rereading of the poetic theories of the 19th century in Hispanic America, based on the works of Bello, Heredia, González Prada and Jaimes Freyre
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Alves, Ulisses Viana. « Valle-Inclán : o intelectual e suas perspectivas sobre América Hispânica (1920-1931) ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-29082016-104306/.

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Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a trajetória intelectual do escritor Ramon del Valle-Inclán que transitou entre os círculos intelectuais de Madrid e da Cidade do México produzindo interpretações sobre a América Hispânica num contexto de tentativas de reaproximação entre a metrópole e suas ex-colônias na década de 1920. Também objetivamos analisar o significado dos contatos intelectuais entre o escritor e intelectuais hispano-americanos que foram relevantes para a gestação e produção de seu romance Tirano Banderas (1926). Em um contexto de comemoração dos centenários de independência, esta obra teve grande repercussão e suscitou debates sobre o papel cultural da Espanha em toda América Hispânica. A análise sobre sua gestação, produção e primeira recepção na América e na Espanha, só se torna possível porque um vasto e rico epistolário relacionado ao autor foi, recentemente, publicado. Além dessa fonte básica para este tipo de estudo, pretendemos analisar os debates registrados na imprensa dos dois lados do Atlântico, o que nos permitirá fazer um contraponto entre esses registros e a referida obra do autor.
I intend to analyze in this research the Valle-Inclán\'s intellectual trajectory as an artist that produced some interpretations about Hispanic America in the context of Independence Centenary Celebrations. Also intend to analyze the intellectual contacts between Valle-Inclán and hispanicamerican intellectuals that were important to produce its masterpiece Tirano Banderas. This research is only possible because it recently was published Valle-Inclán\'s vast collection of letters.
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Livres sur le sujet "History of literary ideas in Hispanic America"

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Cypess, Sandra Messinger. Women authors of modern Hispanic South America : A bibliography of literary criticism and interpretation. Metuchen, N.J : Scarecrow Press, 1989.

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Louise, Mujica Barbara, dir. Premio Nóbel : Once grandes escritores del mundo hispánico : antología con introducciones críticas. Washington, D.C : Georgetown University Press, 1997.

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Louise, Mujica Barbara, dir. Premio Nóbel : Once grandes escritores del mundohispánico : antología con introducciones críticas. Washington, D.C : Georgetown University Press, 1997.

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Guillermo Schmidhuber de la Mora. The three secular plays of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz : A critical study. Lexington : University Press of Kentucky, 2000.

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Kummels, Ingrid, Claudia Rauhut, Stefan Rinke et Birte Timm, dir. Transatlantic Caribbean. Bielefeld, Germany : transcript Verlag, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839426074.

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»Transatlantic Caribbean« widens the scope of research on the Caribbean by focusing on its transatlantic interrelations with North America, Latin America, Europe and Africa and by investigating long-term exchanges of people, practices and ideas. Based on innovative approaches and rich empirical research from anthropology, history and literary studies the contributions discuss border crossings, south-south relations and diasporas in the areas of popular culture, religion, historical memory as well as national and transnational social and political movements. These perspectives enrich the theoretical debates on transatlantic dialogues and the Black Atlantic and emphasize the Caribbean's central place in the world.
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A History of Peruvian Literature (Liverpool Monographs in (Liverpool Monographs in Hispanic Studies, No 7). Francis Cairns Publications, 1987.

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Circulación : Movement of Ideas, Art, and People in Spanish America. Denver Art Museum, 2018.

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Zavala, Lorenzo de, Wallace Woolsey et Lorenzo De Zavala. Journey To The United States Of America/ Viaje A Los Estados Unidos Del Norte De America (Recovering the Us Hispanic Literary Heritage). Arte Publico Press, 2005.

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Richard L. Kagan Fernando Marias et Richard Kagan. Urban Images of the Hispanic World, 1493-1793. Yale University Press, 2000.

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Thresholds Of Illiteracy Theory Latin America And The Crisis Of Resistance. Fordham University Press, 2014.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "History of literary ideas in Hispanic America"

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Franco Harnache, Andrés. « “Mostrar, no decir” : The Influence of and Resistance Against Workshop Poetics on the Hispanic Literary Field ». Dans New Directions in Book History, 325–44. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53614-5_14.

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AbstractUntil recently, due to the Romantic imaginary of the artist-as-genius, the Hispanic literary tradition has been wary of a literary advice industry or academic programs of creative writing. This wariness hindered the professionalization of Hispanic authors, but at the same time it kept Hispanic literature out of anglicized uniformity which permitted, by the mid-twentieth century, a reinterpretation of western literature by writers such as Gabriel García Márquez, Jorge Luis Borges, and Mario Vargas Llosa. Nonetheless since the early 2000s a series of MFA programs in creative writing, first in the United States, but more recently in Latin America and Spain, have been changing Hispanic literature. These programs, with syllabi imported from the Anglophone canons, have influenced a new generation of writers who mirror the English savoir-faire and reject their own literary traditions, which were more experimental, less rooted in realism, and even somewhat baroque. There is, however, also resistance in the field, where workshop-inspired developments coincide with a return to a more Hispanic tradition of innovation.
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Hookway, Christopher. « 1878 “How to Make Our Ideas Clear” ». Dans A New Literary History of America, 366–70. Harvard University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674054219-078.

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Gunn, Giles. « Beyond Transcendence or Beyond Ideology : The New Problematics of Cultural Criticism in America ». Dans The American Literary History Reader, 131–48. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095043.003.0006.

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Abstract If one were looking for a way to describe contemporary American literary and cultural studies, one could scarcely do better than associate it not, as in Daniel Bell’s phrase, with the “end of ideology,” but rather with its rebirth. By this I mean that almost everywhere in humanistic scholarship these days, one finds people exploring cultural mind-sets that are presumed to define the conceptual and emotional frames within which readers like writers, historical actors like historical interpreters, determine what constitutes meaning. Nor is this analysis of ideology the preoccupation of any particular school of interpretation or specialty alone. Concern with ideology is no more exclusively the preserve of neo-Marxists than of Derrideans, of Renaissance scholars or of gender critics. Instead it serves to focus the work of most contemporary thinkers who seek to relate the products of individual consciousness to more collective forms of mentality and to the systems of power that determine their significance. Contemporary interest in ideology has not, however, developed without certain problems of its own. One of them, though comparatively minor, is related to slippage in the term itself. In current American scholarship, for example, ideology refers to everything from ideas in the service of power to complex semiotic systems that, as Clifford Geertz has proposed, map the political world, simultaneously demarcating its boundaries and furnishing directions about how to move around within it.
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Smith, Paul Julian. « Writing Women In The Golden Age ». Dans The Body Hispanic, 11–43. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198158745.003.0002.

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Abstract In the presidential address he delivered to the Modern Language Association of America in 1986 J. Hillis Miller’ notes how the ‘triumph of theory’ has been linked to an additional (and sometimes contradictory) move towards the study of the material base: history, culture, society, politics, and gender (p. 283). This internal cleavage (which cannot be reduced to simple opposition) is reproduced within the most successful of the new critical movements, that of women’s studies. One great contribution made by this field is that it has superseded the old dichotomies of public and private, literary and social, by proposing a politics of the body which cannot be confined within the traditional restraints. There has also been a secondary benefit. Women’s studies have opened up a discursive space in which men can also attempt to examine their own practice as critics.
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Horrall, Andrew. « Mass culture : the Victorian world picture ». Dans Inventing the Cave Man. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526113849.003.0001.

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This chapter explores aspects of nineteenth-century popular culture that contributed to the emergence of the cave man character. References are made to previous works from history, cultural and literary studies and the history of science. These show how long-standing ideas about the earth’s history were challenged by geological, archaeological and paleontological evidence of ancient and extinct mammals, dinosaurs and hominids. Elite ideas were popularised for a mass public by scientists themselves, and through evolutionary freak shows that exploited scientific controversies for profit. Increasingly, scientific ideas were generalised and disseminated by mass-market, heavily illustrated books and magazines. A new style of comic magazine introduced ‘cartoons’ which poked gentle fun at current sensations, as did an emerging entertainment industry centred on music hall, pantomime and other forms of popular theatre. New steam-powered transportation meant that books, magazines and performers travelled farther and faster than ever before. Britain was the hub of this new mass culture, both spreading and receiving ideas through a continuous, reciprocal dialogue with the emerging empire and America.
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Gilbert, Armida. « Emerson in the Context of the Woman’s Rights Movement ». Dans A Historical Guide to Ralph Waldo Emerson, 211–68. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195120936.003.0007.

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Abstract In order to understand Emerson’s developing attitudes toward the woman s rights movement, it is necessary to appreciate the way in which the movement began, grew, and changed and the issues around which the early debates were centered. Before even the earliest stages of the woman’s rights movement in America, Emerson had been introduced to the ideas that would inform it, especially through the pioneering work of his friend Margaret Fuller. As explained by her, first in “The Great Lawsuit,-Man Versus Men, Woman Versus Women” in the Transcendentalist literary journal, the Dial, in 1843, then in expanded form in the first book written in America to argue for woman’s rights, Woman in the Nineteenth Century, in 1845, Fuller’s ideas, transmitted to Emerson through their frequent conversations and correspondence, came to form the core of his thinking on women. Fuller’s carefully reasoned tactics would form the basis for the approaches and arguments that would later be adopted by the nascent woman’s rights movement, as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Matilda Joslyn Gage acknowledged in their monumental History of Woman Suffrage, when they stated that Fuller’s work “gave a new impulse to woman’s education as a thinker.”
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Uden, James. « Introduction ». Dans Spectres of Antiquity, 1–24. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190910273.003.0001.

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The book begins by briefly surveying the origin and history of the word Gothic from the Roman Empire to the first canonical novel of the English Gothic tradition, Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto (1764). It then surveys relevant debates about the classical world and its legacy in eighteenth-century England, including the aftershocks of the French “Quarrel of the Ancients and Moderns” and appropriations of classical ideas and images in politics, art, and literature. The Gothic was a “pan-European” phenomenon. Although this book focuses largely on literary works from Britain and America, the allusive connections with Classical literature remind us that the impact of the Gothic was not limited to the English-speaking world.
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Fokin, Sergey L. « Tzvetan Todorov and Notes from Underground ». Dans “Notes from Underground” by F.M. Dostoevsky in the Culture of Europe and America, 319–30. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0668-0-319-330.

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The article dwells upon the reception of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s oeuvre in the works of one of the most prominent literary critics of the second half of the XXth century’s France Tzvetan Todorov. Following the history of ideas method aimed not so much at a systematic reconstruction of a doctrine but on intent attention to different contexts of realization of thought — biographical, historical, political, sociological — the author comes to conclusions unveiling a multilevel organization of the novel Notes from Underground, presented in a program article of the French scholar. He talks about the hero’s ideology, the text structure, the master-servant dialectics, the “being and other” philosophy and, finally, the author’s word spoken through Liza’s character that does not seem to fit any of the logics at work in Dostoevsky’s text. We conclude that Todorov’s ponderings on the multilevel organization of Notes from Underground allow for a deeper understanding of the abyss, failure and emptiness that Dostoevsky was to confront and that he untrusted to the character his unique experience of confrontation with human pettiness in man: penal servitude, roulette, love triangle, struggle for recognition.
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Galipeau, Claude J. « Introduction ». Dans Isaiah Berlin’s Liberalism, 1–10. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198278689.003.0001.

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Abstract Sir Isaiah Berlin is a British man of letters of Russian-Jewish origins. Born in Riga, Latvia, in 1909, his family emigrated to Britain in 1919, fleeing the Russian Revolution. He was brought up and educated in Britain, and has spent most of his professional life studying and lecturing at Oxford University, or at universities in America and Israel while on leave. To the international scholarly community he is best known as the author of ‘Two Concepts of Liberty’ (1958),1 yet his professional interests cover many fields in addition to moral and political philosophy: music and literary criticism, historiography, scholarship in the history of ideas, cultural interpretation, translation, teaching, university and arts administration, diplomacy, community work, and broadcasting.
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Wenzel, Jennifer. « From Waste Lands to Wasted Lives : Enclosure as Aesthetic Regime and Property Regime ». Dans The Disposition of Nature, 141–94. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823286782.003.0004.

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This chapter traces relationships between material processes and cultural logics of enclosure. Waste land—land not under cultivation, producing no revenue for the state—was the raw material of colonial capitalism. Waste also names the by-products of such transformations: lives and lands laid waste. These processes entail ways of seeing and knowing; aesthetic regimes help to naturalize property regimes. The literary personification of nature (as in the pathetic fallacy) is bound up with the objectification of humans: aesthetic renderings of landscape can reinforce a dehumanizing, anti-commons common sense. These resource logics understand nature as separate from humans, disposed for their use, and subject to their control. The chapter considers the role of European imperialism in consolidating ideas about nature and natural resources, situating new materialist accounts of non-human agency within a broader historical context. Mahasweta Devi’s “Dhowli” anchors an examination of a worldwide history of waste, which begins (for John Locke) when “all the world was America.” Devi’s story bears the traces of successive waves of conquest and enclosure in India and offers an Anthropocene allegory avant la lettre—which the chapter juxtaposes with East India Company officials’ observations of the effects of deforestation, a foundation for modern climate science.
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