Articles de revues : « History – atrocities »

1

Anderson, D. L. « Atrocities on Trial ». Diplomatic History 37, n^o 5 (13 mai 2013) : 1192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dh/dht076.

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Ashbaugh, William B. « Atrocities 'R' U.S. ? » Reviews in American History 31, n^o 4 (2003) : 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2003.0064.

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Rasmussen, Anne, John Horne et Alan Kramer. « German Atrocities 1914. A History of Denial ». Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire, n^o 76 (octobre 2002) : 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3772336.

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Hoffmann, Stanley, John Horne et Alan Kramer. « German Atrocities, 1914 : A History of Denial ». Foreign Affairs 81, n^o 2 (2002) : 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20033121.

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Liulevicius, Vejas G. « German Atrocities, 1914 : A History of Denial (review) ». Journal of Military History 67, n^o 1 (2003) : 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.2003.0049.

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Sturma, Michael. « Atrocities, Conscience, and Unrestricted Warfare ». War in History 16, n^o 4 (15 septembre 2009) : 447–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344509341686.

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Nechevin, Dmitry. « The anatomy of fascism and the social necessity of its denial : memory is needed by the living ». OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, n^o 9-1 (1 septembre 2022) : 4–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202209statyi01.

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The study is an attempt to show one of the greatest tragedies of mankind of the XX century - the Second World War in the light of today’s realities. History knows many examples of cruelty and inhumanity of bloody crimes, but never before have atrocities and atrocities been committed on such a scale as the fascists did in 1941-1945. The article analyzes the history of fascism: its nature, genesis, triumph, defeat, crimes.

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Nechevin, Dmitry. « Nuremberg epilogue : fascism before the court of peace-loving peoples ». OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2023, n^o 2-2 (1 février 2023) : 04–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202302statyi64.

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The study is an attempt to show one of the greatest tragedies of mankind of the 20th century the Second World War in the light of today's realities. History knows many examples of cruelty and inhumanity of bloody crimes, but never before have atrocities and atrocities been committed on such a scale as the fascists did in 1941-1945. The article analyzes the history of fascism: its nature, genesis, triumph, defeat, crimes, the verdict of the International Military Tribunal.

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Yu Jose, Lydia N. « The Koreans in Second World War Philippines : Rumour and history ». Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 43, n^o 2 (20 avril 2012) : 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463412000082.

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‘Mas malupit ang mga Koreano kaysa mga Hapon’ is a rumour about Koreans in Second World War Philippines that has persisted to this day. A comparative, quantitative statement, it is roughly translated as ‘The Koreans committed more atrocities than the Japanese in Second World War Philippines’. This is a half-true memory: true, there were Koreans in the Philippines; false, they could not have committed more atrocities than the Japanese because there were very few of them, as archival evidence discussed in this article proves. If only the Koreans and their role in the war were properly discussed in Philippine textbooks, this rumour would not have persisted to this day.

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Reilly, James. « CHINA'S HISTORY ACTIVISTS AND THE WAR OF RESISTANCE AGAINST JAPAN : History in the Making ». Asian Survey 44, n^o 2 (mars 2004) : 276–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2004.44.2.276.

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Abstract In China over the past two decades, a group of ““history activists”” has maximized its professional independence, social credibility, academic resources, and international connections to usurp many traditional roles of the state in building new institutions and engaging in activism aimed at documenting and disseminating information on Japan's wartime atrocities.

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Ricordeau, Gwenola. « The History of Genocide in Cinema : Atrocities on Screen ». Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 37, n^o 3 (28 juin 2017) : 589–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2017.1345131.

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Smith, D. H. « American Atrocities in the Philippines : Some New Evidence ». Pacific Historical Review 55, n^o 2 (1 mai 1986) : 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3639532.

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Gaudenzi, Bianca. « Competing memories ? The Holocaust and colonial atrocities in German history ». PASSATO E PRESENTE 41, n^o 118 (janvier 2023) : 18–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pass2023-118002.

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A new controversy has been polarising German history and public memory since 2020. Dubbed Historikerstreit 2.0 in reference to the 1986 debate on the uniqueness of the Holocaust, the dispute revolves around the memory politics of the Holocaust and of German colonial-era atrocities, but it is also very much about how Germany deals with its xenophobic present and its attitude to Israel's current settlement poli¬cies. This discussion forum takes a broader view in order to contextualise the debate within the wider scope of contemporary German historiography and memory culture and introduce a nuanced assessment of the issues at stake to the Italian public, in a country which still struggles to own up to its antisemitic past, let alone its skewed post-colonial memory and racist present.

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Menon, Rajan. « Why Humanitarian Intervention Still Isn't a Global Norm ». Current History 116, n^o 786 (1 janvier 2017) : 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2017.116.786.35.

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Weiss, Thomas G. « On R2P, America Takes the Lead ». Current History 111, n^o 748 (1 novembre 2012) : 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2012.111.748.322.

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Hakimi, Medhi. « Relentless Atrocities : the Persecution of Hazaras ». Michigan Journal of International Law, n^o 44.1 (2023) : 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.36642/mjil.44.2.relentless.

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As one of the main ethnic groups in Afghanistan, Hazaras are Farsi-speaking and mostly Shi’a Muslims in a predominantly Sunni Muslim country. They are also distinguishable by their Asiatic appearance. Throughout Afghanistan’s history, Hazaras have suffered considerably under different regimes, enduring recurring massacres, enslavement, and forced displacement. Despite Afghanistan’s accession to the Rome Statute in 2003, the plight of Hazaras has not improved. Indeed, the assaults on Hazaras have only intensified in recent years, impacting virtually every aspect of their lives. This article argues that the recent and ongoing attacks against Hazaras constitute a crime against humanity. In particular, I show, element by element, that there is a reasonable basis to believe that the assaults on Hazaras amount to persecution based on ethnic and religious grounds pursuant to article 7(1)(h) of the Rome Statute. Accordingly, the International Criminal Court and the global community must take urgent actions to investigate the relentless atrocities against Hazaras and to hold the perpetrators accountable. Failure to do so, as warned by the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, may lead to a full-blown genocide.

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Horne, John, et Alan Kramer. « German Atrocities in the First World War : A Response ». German History 24, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2006) : 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0266355406gh367xx.

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Kasfir, Nelson. « Sudan's Darfur : Is It Genocide ? » Current History 104, n^o 682 (1 mai 2005) : 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2005.104.682.195.

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Malunga, Siphosami. « The killing fields of Matabeleland : An examination of the Gukurahundi genocide in Zimbabwe ». African Yearbook on International Humanitarian Law 2021 (2021) : 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/ayih/2021/a1.

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This article examines the Gukurahundi atrocities committed in Matabeleland in the 1980s to determine whether they constitute the international crime of genocide. This article analyses the legal requirements – conventions, jurisprudence and scholarly writings regarding genocide – and assesses the Gukurahundi atrocities against these requirements. The first section is the introduction, which highlights some known genocides in history and provides an outline of the article. The second section comprises an overview of the crime of genocide and its prosecution before the ad hoc tribunals, while the third section unpacks the notion of the four protected membership groups. The fourth and fifth sections evaluates the physical and mental elements of the crime of genocide with the aid of the jurisprudence of the ad hoc tribunals as well as the International Criminal Court. The sixth, seventh and eighth sections apply the legal requirements and jurisprudence to the Gukurahundi atrocities. The ninth section provides some concluding observations, arguing that the Fifth Brigade of the Zimbabwe National Army committed genocide from 1983 to 1987 as envisaged under international law. In each section, the Gukurahundi atrocities are evaluated against legal requirements: conventions, jurisprudence and the work of leading scholars.

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Hanara, Desi. « Safeguarding Freedom of Religion or Belief to Prevent Conflicts and Mass Atrocities in Southeast Asia : the Role of Parliamentarians ». Journal of International Peacekeeping 26, n^o 2-3 (2 novembre 2023) : 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18754112-26020002.

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Abstract Southeast Asia is vulnerable to conflicts and has a long history and present dealings with various forms of human rights violations and atrocities. At the same time, the region lacks a strong human rights mechanism to ensure protection, redress, and accountability. This paper thus argues that parliamentarians should vitalise their roles and enhance synergies with existing asean mechanisms and entities to strengthen the protection of freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) and the prevention of conflicts and mass atrocities in the region. This paper proposes the establishment of a network of parliamentarians to support atrocity prevention and promote the responsibility to protect (R2P) in Southeast Asia. The network will amplify various parliamentary roles to support atrocity prevention, including legislative action on atrocity prevention, sharing of best practices on the establishment of national mechanisms for atrocity prevention, and capacity building for parliamentarians in preventing mass atrocities from occurring in the future.

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Van Sant, J. E. « Japan's Wartime Medical Atrocities : Comparative Inquiries in Science, History, and Ethics ». Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 68, n^o 1 (25 juillet 2012) : 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrs049.

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Grimsted, Patricia Kennedy. « Displaced Archives and Restitution Problems on the Eastern Front in the Aftermath of the Second World War ». Contemporary European History 6, n^o 1 (mars 1997) : 27–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777300004045.

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At the height of the Second World War, in November 1942, the Embassy of the USSR in Washington DC issued an Information Bulletin condemning the Nazi cultural atrocities and looting that were taking place on the Eastern Front. In conclusion, it reminded the world.

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Galery, Maria Clara Versiani. « Hijacked by History ». Aletria : Revista de Estudos de Literatura 30, n^o 2 (20 mai 2020) : 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2317-2096.2020.21947.

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This article considers Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice as a work singularly transformed by the events of the Holocaust, in such a way that stagings of the play are often turned into pretexts for remembrance. It discusses the play as an archive of trauma, and reflects on whether it may provide testimony for the atrocities committed during the war. To this end, the article provides an inquiry into different perspectives of trauma and its representation, relying on Giorgio Agamben’s explorations of the aporia of bearing testimony, and on Shoshana Felman’s notion of testimony as a performative speech act. Finally, this work looks at three different adaptations of Shakespeare’s play in the second half of the 20th century by George Tabori (1914-2007), a Jewish Hungarian playwright and director.

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Galery, Maria Clara Versiani. « Hijacked by History ». Aletria : Revista de Estudos de Literatura 30, n^o 2 (20 mai 2020) : 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2317-2096.2020.21947.

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This article considers Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice as a work singularly transformed by the events of the Holocaust, in such a way that stagings of the play are often turned into pretexts for remembrance. It discusses the play as an archive of trauma, and reflects on whether it may provide testimony for the atrocities committed during the war. To this end, the article provides an inquiry into different perspectives of trauma and its representation, relying on Giorgio Agamben’s explorations of the aporia of bearing testimony, and on Shoshana Felman’s notion of testimony as a performative speech act. Finally, this work looks at three different adaptations of Shakespeare’s play in the second half of the 20th century by George Tabori (1914-2007), a Jewish Hungarian playwright and director.

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Krestiannikov, Evgenii Adol'fovich. « Preliminary investigation into the case of the tomsk pogrom of 1905 and siberian justice ». Российская история, n^o 2 (15 avril 2023) : 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2949124x23020074.

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The article is devoted to one of the cruelest atrocities in the history of late imperial Siberia and the circumstances of its investigation by the justice authorities. Tomsk survived the pogrom, which was characterized by an aggravation of political confrontation, the intensification of criminal elements, numerous acts of murder and robbery. The preliminary investigation of the crimes committed was carried out slowly, experiencing numerous obstacles and influences. This was dictated by the scale of the atrocities, the peculiarities of the investigative situation, the limited resources of the judiciary, the interest of the authorities, various groups, and individuals to hide traces of their involvement in the escalation of bloodshed.

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Üngör, Uğur Ümit. « The Heavy Costs of Impunity for Syria’s Mass Violence ». Current History 122, n^o 848 (1 décembre 2023) : 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2023.122.848.355.

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After more than a decade of armed conflict in Syria, few perpetrators of mass violence have been held accountable for their actions. The Assad regime is the prime sponsor of impunity for these human rights abuses, but global and regional powers also bear responsibility for allowing the perpetuation of atrocities.

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Rudolph, Christopher. « Constructing an Atrocities Regime : The Politics of War Crimes Tribunals ». International Organization 55, n^o 3 (2001) : 655–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/00208180152507588.

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From the notorious “killing fields” of Cambodia to programs of “ethnic cleansing” in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, the grizzly nature of ethnic and identity-centered conflict incites horror, outrage, and a human desire for justice. While the drive to humanize warfare can be traced to the writing of Hugo Grotius, current efforts to establish an atrocities regime are unparalleled in modern history. Combining approaches in international relations theory and international law, I examine the role political factors (norms, power and interests, institutions) and legal factors (precedent and procedure) play in the development of an atrocities regime. International tribunals have convicted generally low-level war criminals in both Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia, but they have had much more limited success in achieving their more expansive goals—deterring atrocities and fostering national reconciliation in regions fraught with ethnic violence. This analysis reveals additional institutional modifications needed to construct a more effective regime and highlights the importance of placing this new regime within a comprehensive international strategy of conflict management.

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Bohrer, Ziv. « International Criminal Law's Millennium of Forgotten History ». Law and History Review 34, n^o 2 (mai 2016) : 393–485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073824801600002x.

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At the close of World War II (WWII), Winston Churchill suggested summarily executing the remaining Nazi leadership. Franklin Delano Roosevelt disagreed, insisting on prosecuting them in an international military tribunal. This is considered the “birth” of International Criminal Law (ICL), following a consensus that “[t]he Nazi atrocities gave rise to the idea that some crimes are so grave as to concern the international community as a whole.” A few earlier instances of penal action against violators of the laws of war are acknowledged, but they are dismissed as unrelated to current ICL, because (presumably) these cases are sporadic domestic legal actions that lack a common doctrine.

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Khubulova, Svetlana, Aslan Dzebisov, Marina Vorotnikova et Marina Gapeeva. « Archival documents on the demographic consequences of the Nazi occupation of the district centers of North Ossetia ». OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, n^o 12-2 (1 décembre 2022) : 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202212statyi53.

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The selection of documents is made up of acts and protocols submitted to the Republican Emergency State Commission from the regions of the North Ossetian ASSR that were occupied during the Great Patriotic War. It is noted that the work done by the ChGC to collect documentary evidence of the atrocities of the fascists allows us to talk about the genocide staged on the territory of the SSR during the short period of occupation. Some of the documents are represented by acts drawn up by district commissions on atrocities against civilians committed by Nazi occupiers in the North Ossetian ASSR, other documents are a kind of ego-documents based on the memories of participants and contemporaries of events related to the occupation of a number of settlements of the republic. All of them allow us to judge the inhumane and inhuman acts committed by the fascists during the Great Patriotic War.

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Bezirgan-Tanış, Bengi. « History-writing in Turkey through securitization discourses and gendered narratives ». European Journal of Women's Studies 26, n^o 3 (13 juin 2019) : 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506819855407.

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Since the official history-writing is a defining aspect for the formation and consolidation of nation-states, it is crucial to explore the attempts to legitimize particular discourses regarding historical atrocities. The selective representations of the past, in this regard, contradict counter-memories and propagate hegemonic patterns of remembrance and/or forgetting of past crimes. This article accordingly addresses how the representations of counter-memories as threats to national security and the silencing of gender-specific experiences and remembrances by sanctioned historical narratives become manifest in the history-making of the Turkish nation-state. By focusing on the Holocaust and the Armenian Genocide as two cases of crimes against humanity, it is intended to discuss the shifting positions and roles that the Turkish state adopts in the remembering and forgetting of historical offences. The article argues that through prioritizing national security and national interests, the securitization of memory reconstructs collective traumas of distinct ethnic and religious groups on the basis of a nation-state’s perceived internal and external threats. It also claims that the competing voices of women and their distinct experiences and patterns of remembrance and forgetting past atrocities are suppressed for the sake of the preservation of national security. By incorporating the issue of gender into the debate on the securitization of memory, this article elucidates the mismatch between positions of femininity and masculinity within the official national historiography of the Turkish state.

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Kimble, Sara L. « Internationalist Women against Nazi Atrocities in Occupied Europe, 1941–1947 ». Journal of Women's History 35, n^o 1 (mars 2023) : 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2023.0003.

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Maddox, Kelly. « An Island of Killing and Slaughter : Anti-Guerrilla Warfare and Civilian-Targeted Violence in Panay, 1943 ». Journal of Contemporary History 55, n^o 3 (28 août 2019) : 535–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009419843313.

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Between July and December 1943, Japanese forces in Panay, the Philippines, perpetrated large-scale and widespread atrocities that deliberately targeted the civilian populace of the island. Houses were burned, crops destroyed, livestock slaughtered, and thousands of civilians of all ages and genders were killed. These atrocities were employed strategically as part of an anti-guerrilla campaign designed to compel civilians to give up their support for a guerrilla resistance movement which had flourished in Panay since the surrender of USAFFE troops in May 1942. The conduct of Japanese troops during this campaign was a drastic departure from earlier anti-guerrilla efforts which had avoided attacks against the civilian population in favour of pacification policies. In this article, I draw on Japanese, Philippine and US sources to reconstruct the history of anti-guerrilla warfare and civilian-targeted violence in Panay, a case that has received limited scholarly attention, to build a more complete picture of the context in which Japanese strategy shifted so dramatically in 1943. I explore the circumstances in which Japanese commanders decided to employ violence against civilians and offer some insights into the factors that shaped the radicalisation of military strategy useful for understanding atrocities perpetrated by Japanese forces in other contexts.

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Maness, Lonnie E., et Gregory J. W. Urwin. « Black Flag over Dixie : Racial Atrocities and Reprisals in the Civil War ». Journal of Southern History 71, n^o 4 (1 novembre 2005) : 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27648940.

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Gelbin, Cathy S. « Rootless cosmopolitans : German-Jewish writers confront the Stalinist and National Socialist atrocities ». European Review of History : Revue européenne d'histoire 23, n^o 5-6 (3 octobre 2016) : 863–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2016.1203882.

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Lônčíková, Michala. « Atrocities in the borderland : anti-Semitic violence in eastern Slovakia (1945–1946) ». European Review of History : Revue européenne d'histoire 26, n^o 6 (5 juillet 2019) : 928–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2019.1612328.

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Field, Sean. « Review of Violence Workers, Police Torturers and Murderers Reconstruct Brazilian Atrocities by M. Huggins, M. Haritos-Fatouros, and P. Zimbardo:Violence Workers, Police Torturers and Murderers Reconstruct Brazilian Atrocities ». Oral History Review 32, n^o 1 (mars 2005) : 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ohr.2005.32.1.67.

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Chowdhury, Arpita. « History Beyond The Frame : Exploring The Art In Spiegelman’s Maus ». Journal of Media,Culture and Communication, n^o 25 (29 septembre 2022) : 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jmcc25.6.10.

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The attempt to reflect on the horrific past through the medium of comics sets the tone of the narrative put forth by Art Spiegelman. An episode in World history that is otherwise extremely difficult to talk about is portrayed in a manner that enables the readers to delve deeper into the realm of the Holocaust. The complex notions of power politics and dehumanization are reflected in Maus (Spiegelman Vol.1-2) with an aim to discover the long-lost memory of atrocities meted out to the Jewish community.

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Sharpe, Glynn. « Residential Schools in Canada : History, Healing and Hope ». International Journal of Learning and Development 1, n^o 1 (16 octobre 2011) : 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v1i1.1146.

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Residential Schools in Canada were created to assimilate native children into Canadian culture. Native traditions, languages and lifestyles were systematically obliterated via prescribed curriculum, punitive educational practices and rampant physical, emotional, spiritual and sexual abuse inflicted upon them. The lingering effects of such atrocities (alarmingly high suicide rates, alcohol and drug addiction and feelings of negative self-worth) have plagued subsequent generations of Aboriginal people in Canada. A residential school survivor’s testimonial helps contextualize the horrors experienced by thousands of children. The paper concludes with the steps undertaken by native groups across Canada that hope to address, via traditional healing methods, the residual effects of such a legacy of pain.

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Verhey, Jeffrey. « Reviews of Books:German Atrocities, 1914 : A History of Denial John Horne, Alan Kramer ». American Historical Review 107, n^o 5 (décembre 2002) : 1653–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/533006.

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Form, Wolfgang. « Justice 30 Years Later ? The Cambodian Special Tribunal for the Punishment of Crimes against Humanity by the Khmer Rouge ». Nationalities Papers 37, n^o 6 (novembre 2009) : 889–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990903230827.

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After a two-year tug-of-war between the US, the UN, and Phnom Penh, the Cambodian government, supported by massive international intervention, brought some of those accused of committing Khmer Rouge atrocities to trial before an independent court. The atrocities, which verged on genocide, were perpetrated between 1975 and 1979. The plan was to create a special tribunal consisting of both indigenous and foreign judges to try the perpetrators. Newspapers from 2002 reported that the first indictment would be issued some time during that year. As we know today, this proved to be a rosily optimistic prediction.

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Davies, Sara E., et Sarah Teitt. « Engendering the Responsibility to Protect : Women and the Prevention of Mass Atrocities ». Global Responsibility to Protect 4, n^o 2 (2012) : 198–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187598412x639700.

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This article explores the relationship between the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and the pursuit of the so-called ‘Women, Peace and Security’ (WPS) agenda at the UN. We ask whether the two agendas should continue to be pursued separately or whether each can make a useful contribution to the other. We argue that while the history of R2P has not included language that deliberately evokes the protection of women and the promotion of gender in preventing genocide and mass atrocities, this does not preclude the R2P and WPS agendas becoming mutually reinforcing. The article identifies cross-cutting areas where the two agendas may be leveraged for the UN and member states to address the concerns of women as both actors in need of protection and active agents in preventing and responding to genocide and mass atrocities, namely in the areas of early warning.

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Elcheikh, Zeina. « Palmyra : a story of ruins, struggle(s) and beyond ». Chronos 39 (22 septembre 2019) : 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/chr.v39i0.597.

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For centuries, Palmyra and its ruins have fascinated archeologists, historians and artists. Yet, Palmyra has been a terrain for struggles as well. The emergence of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) as a new actor in the Syrian conflict has pushed the damages of heritage monuments and sites to a greater extent, and has also added further ideological meanings to targeting cultural heritage. As a consequence, these atrocities have unleashed debates on a broader level. Several initiatives and projects worldwide have started to document the damages in Palmyra, and to prepare plans for its restoration. This paper focuses on the case of Palmyra, in the light of the atrocities committed by the ISIS militant in summer 2015. Destruction has become a part of Palmyra’s long history, and reconstructing the damages cannot erase the event that inflicted the destruction.

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Roelcke, Volker, et Vivian Mannheimer. « Medicine during the Nazi period and the Holocaust : what are the implications ? An interview with Volker Roelcke ». História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 29, n^o 2 (juin 2022) : 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702022000200012.

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Abstract In this interview, Volker Roelcke explains and analyzes historical evidence refuting erroneous assumptions about medical atrocities committed by physicians during the Nazi era, provides insight into the implications of medicine during the Nazi period and the Holocaust for medicine and bioethics today, analyzes the history of the term “genocide,” and suggests formats for future teaching, among other topics.

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Nemirovskiy, Konstantin. « The roots of evil : why ordinary people commit atrocities ». International Journal of Forensic Psychotherapy 4, n^o 2 (22 décembre 2022) : 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/ijfp.v4n2.2022.144.

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Throughout history, people have struggled to understand the nature of evil—starting with primitive beliefs in evil spirits leading people astray and monotheistic con-ceptions of the dualism of good and evil, during the Renaissance the focus shifted to understanding the evil influence of society on the good in man. The horror of the two wars of the last century and continuing military conflicts of the day forced a different view of the problem—philosophers suggested, and social psychologists confirmed, the existence of a “banality of evil” in which the average person in certain circum-stances becomes a likeness of Lucifer. Modern scientists offered many other ex-planations—from genetic to brain functioning. In turn, psychoanalysis has proposed a host of theoretical concepts to explain the inner nature of violence, from Thanatos and compulsive repetition to attachment dysfunctions and destructive narcissism. Whatever the models, dehumanisation remains an extremely serious problem, threatening not only the lives of individuals, but more and more often the existence of different ethnic groups and the world as a whole. This article attempts to discuss different factors that influence dehumanisation, as well as reflecting on some ways to prevent it.

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Kovač, Danilo. « A CASE STUDY COMPARING GOOD PRACTICE IN THE USE OF PEDAGOGICAL RESOURCES IN HOLOCAUST EDUCATION IN ENGLAND AND REPUBLIKA SRPSKA ». Istorija 20. veka 40, n^o 1/2022 (1 février 2022) : 233–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2022.1.kov.233-251.

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The aim of this study is to analyze good practice in teaching about the Holocaust, comparing the use of pedagogical resources in Republika Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) and England (United Kingdom). The paper compares the use of three types of pedagogical resources used in history classes: fictional films, documentaries, and photographs of Holocaust atrocities. Comparison is drawn between a developing and post-conflict society (Republika Srpska) and the well-established and reputable English educational system. By cross-referencing teachers’ and students’ answers, the paper attempts to identify good practice of notable value to be shared and exchanged. The research method firstly incorporated questionnaires, followed by interviews and then lesson observation. Data revealed that teachers in both education systems do not appear to consider all the educational benefits of film screening. The way teachers from England use pictures of Holocaust atrocities and organization of school trips seem to be applicable to the context of Republika Srpska, as well as being useful for classroom practitioners beyond these two education systems.

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Longley, Kyle. « John Lindsay-Poland. Plan Colombia : U.S. Ally Atrocities and Community Activism. » American Historical Review 125, n^o 2 (1 avril 2020) : 696–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz715.

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Hionidis, Pandeleimon. « Mid‐Victorian Liberalism and Foreign Affairs : “Cretan Atrocities” and Liberal Responses, 1866–69 ». Historian 77, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2015) : 716–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12075.

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Reid, Richard M. « Black Flag Over Dixie : Racial Atrocities and Reprisals in the Civil War (review) ». Civil War History 51, n^o 3 (2005) : 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.2005.0050.

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Redeker Hepner, Tricia, et Daniel Rezene Mekonnen. « “Justice Futures” : Forensic Investigation and the Potential for Transformation in Eritrea ». Modern Africa : Politics, History and Society 10, n^o 1 (25 août 2022) : 117–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26806/modafr.v10i1.414.

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This article addresses the role of the dead and disappeared and the potential for forensic investigation of atrocities in the context of an evolving transitional justice debate and framework for Eritrea. As one possible component of transitional justice, forensic investigation represents an especially potent modality to document the physical evidence of atrocities, help establish truth and accountability, and catalyse deeper conversations about justice, reconciliation, repair, access to resources, and socio-political transformation. This discussion is especially relevant as human rights proponents continue to debate the implications of findings by the Human Rights Council that Eritrean authorities have committed or enabled crimes against humanity and whether these should culminate in a referral to the International Criminal Court.

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BABEROWSKI, JÖRG. « Once and for all : The encounter between Stalinism and Nazism. Critical remarks on Timothy Snyder'sBloodlands ». Contemporary European History 21, n^o 2 (29 mars 2012) : 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777312000082.

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Twenty years ago it would have been unthinkable for a historian to combine the National Socialists’ murderous excesses and programme of extermination with Bolshevik atrocities in a single history. He would have been accused of ‘relativising’ one set of murderous crimes by relating it to the other. The comparison does indeed have a relativising effect in that it puts the events in a new light and so makes them, for the first time, comprehensible. But at that time, when historians still treated all historical questions as moral ones, nobody wanted to anything to do with that comparison because it ran counter to the political will. You could compare anything with anything, except the Holocaust, which had to remain unique. Nobody could write about the excesses of Stalinist violence without acknowledging that the Nazi murder programme was unique. Nonetheless everybody knew, even then, that uniqueness cannot be established without comparisons and contrasts.1Since then, a view that used to be considered shocking has become a self-evident: no examination of state atrocities is now possible without a comparative element. But this change can also serve political ends: the Holocaust has become the sole yardstick for measuring state-organised crimes of violence. It seems that such crimes can only be taken seriously if they are comparable to Nazi atrocities.2

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