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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Historical linguistics – Tanzania »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Historical linguistics – Tanzania"
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Getta, Elizaveta. « Interpreting in Tanzania from the perspective of Tanzanian interpreters ». Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 67, no 5 (29 septembre 2021) : 553–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00241.get.
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Abstract The study overviews the role of interpreting services in Tanzania, presenting mainly the experience of practicing freelance interpreters. The two official languages of Tanzania – English and Swahili – have separate roles in the country. Although most Tanzanians accept English as a necessary medium of intercultural communication, Swahili is perceived as an important part of Tanzanian national identity. It is the country’s lingua franca. On the one hand, Tanzania aims to preserve communication in Swahili; on the other hand, there is an inevitable need for intercultural communication with the rest of the world that grows especially in the context of globalization. The paper focuses on the role, status, education, working languages, conditions of Tanzanian interpreters, and the requirements of local and international clients. The study also creates a broader context that mentions crucial historical moments that have influenced the country’s current character of intercultural communication.
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Kostelyanets, Sergey V. « Tanzania : Political Development in the Context of Julius Nyerere's Legacy ». Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva : istoriia i sovremennost, no 3 (2022) : 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080018254-6.
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13 April 2022 marked the 100th anniversary of the birth of the first president of independent Tanzania Julius Kambarage Nyerere, whose political legacy has continued to exert great influence in the country after his death in 1999. The successors of Mwalimu (“teacher”), as Tanzanians called him, to the highest office were guided by his “vision of the future of Tanzania”, on the one hand, and used – not always appropriately – his name when promoting their own agenda, on the other. The paper examines the main vectors of the political development of Tanzania in the context of the succession of subsequent regimes. The authors analyze the main points of the formation of the Tanzanian nation and the reasons for the gradual departure of the country's leaders from the principles of “African socialism” and from the preservation of economic equality, national unity, etc., which were of paramount importance during Mwalimu's rule. Employing the theoretical-analytical and systemic-historical approaches to characterize Tanzanian political regimes, the authors conclude that, firstly, owing to the foundations of nation-building laid down by Mwalimu, Tanzania has for almost six decades maintained political stability, expressed primarily in the exclusively constitutional transfer of power from one political leader to another; secondly, that under the influence of internal and external political and economic processes, the principles of “African socialism” were gradually and peacefully replaced by market relations. Accordingly, in the 2010s-2020s Tanzanians found themselves in an era of “post-Nyererism”, although they retained national unity and pride in being “citizens of Tanzania”.
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Onyango-Ouma, Washington, et Jens Aagaard-Hansen. « Dholuo Kincepts in Western Kenya ». Studies in African Linguistics 49, no 2 (29 septembre 2020) : 305–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v49i2.125889.
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The Luo are a Nilotic people living in western Kenya, north-eastern Tanzania and in western Uganda. Their language, Dholuo, forms part of the Western Nilotic group of languages. This article presents the traditional kincepts (kinship terminology) of the Luo people as described by elders living in Central Sakwa location, Siaya County, western part of Kenya. The kincepts for consanguine as well as affine relatives in up to three ascending and five descending generations are described. The paper applies a combined linguistic and anthropological approach. Linguistically, the terms are analysed in relation to current Dholuo vocabulary, grammar and modes of expression. Anthropologically, the Luo kinship rules of patrilineality and virilocality are considered. The domain of kincepts is a research field bringing together linguistics, anthropology and history. It contributes to the inquiry of diachronic linguistics, which can provide insights on the development and interaction of related languages as well as population groups’ migratory patterns not least in parts of the world where written historical sources are scarce.
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Seligman, Andrea Felber. « Lip Ornaments and the Domestication of Trade Goods : Fashion in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century Central East Africa ». History in Africa 42 (4 mai 2015) : 357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hia.2015.15.
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AbstractThis article presents a history of sixteenth and seventeenth century central East African efforts to define elements of a regional fashion aesthetic, one supplied by their engaged participation in wider African and Indian Ocean world economies. I investigate regional artisanal economies in the central East African mainland, looking specifically at communities in what is now southern Tanzania and northern Mozambique and their uses of one of the most “exoticized” elements of their fashion: lip ornaments often called lip-plugs. Close readings of sixteenth and seventeenth century Portuguese accounts and historical linguistics evidence reveals a new history of developing regional fashion trends. Such a history underscores the importance of regional consumers and artisanal experts in shaping wider East African precolonial economies.
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Jacobsen, Ushma Chauhan. « Knowledge Asymmetry in Action ». HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 27, no 53 (2 décembre 2014) : 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v27i53.20950.
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<p align="LEFT">This article forges a connection between knowledge asymmetry and intercultural communication to challenge extant understandings of knowledge asymmetry as a static and stable condition that infl uences the processes and outcomes of interactive encounters that promote learning. The article draws its empirical material from ethnographic fieldwork at a training course on climate change that involved the participation of development practitioners, policy makers and civil servants working in broad professional arenas such as engineering, agriculture, water management and urban development in Sri Lanka, Kenya, Egypt, Bangladesh, Uganda, Tanzania, Vietnam and Denmark. The material is represented in the form of ethnographic vignettes to demonstrate knowledge asymmetry ‘in action’: how knowledge asymmetry is far from a static and stable condition, but rather how it emerges and disappears as participants summon, articulate, dismiss, ridicule, ignore or explore the rich pools of their culture/knowledge differences during the training course interaction. The article aligns itself to Barth’s (2002) conceptualization of culture as knowledge and to contemporary understandings of intercultural communication that privilege sensitivities to the webs of geo-historical relations and macro power and economic asymmetries that structure and inform intercultural relationships. The article also emphasizes the relevance of seeing knowledge asymmetry as a concept-metaphor (Moore 2004).</p>
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Fattakhova, Aida R., Maria D. Melnikova et Nelli V. Gromova. « Rites of Treatment in Eastern Africa and Rite Vocabulary According to Literary Sources ». Journal of History Culture and Art Research 6, no 5 (28 novembre 2017) : 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i5.1275.
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<p>Rites as the reflection of religious ideas and everyday traditions are of great importance to understand the national picture of the world among the representatives of different peoples. The article examines the rites of the East African society aimed at healing; the ritual vocabulary, saturated with national and cultural information is analyzed and the translation decisions in the transfer of cultural-labeled units reflecting the realities of the Swahili culture carriers are demonstrated. Taking into account the nature of the presented material, the methods widely used in historical and ethnographic and philological research were used during the present study: descriptive, systemic, and semantic one. Nowadays, traditional medicine and conventional medicine go hand in hand in Eastern Africa countries, particularly in Tanzania, complementing each other in the treatment and the prevention of diseases, the preservation and the strengthening of human health. In the case when modern medicine is powerless, doctors recommend that patients turn to herbalists. At the same time, it is impossible to confuse healers who use grasses and other natural resources in their work, passing their experience from generation to generation, with sorcerers and the sorcerers not engaged in treatment. The conclusions formulated in the process of research are of practical importance and can be used by the experts of ethnography, ethnology, translation studies, linguistics, cultural studies and historical science, as well as during the lectures on the study of lexicology in Swahili. </p>
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Reid, Richard. « The Challenge of the Past : The Quest for Historical Legitimacy in Independent Eritrea ». History in Africa 28 (2001) : 239–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172217.
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In the 1960s a host of African nations discovered their independence and, with it, rediscovered the pleasure and the pain of the past. States such as Nigeria and Ghana, Tanzania and Uganda, using both local and expatriate scholars, embarked on the reconstruction of “national histories,” with an enthusiasm which, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, seems enviable. From an academic point of view, this period witnessed the rejection of the colonial distortion of Africa's past—i.e., the idea that basically the continent had none worth talking about—and the historiographical offensive which was thus launched may be seen to have been ultimately successful.In terms of African politics, history was seen in many new states as a means of nation-building and the fostering of national identity. In Tanzania, for example, precolonial leaders such as Mirambo and Nyungu-ya-Mawe, the relative linguistic unity provided by Swahili, and the anticolonial Maji Maji uprising were used, both consciously and subliminally, to encourage the idea that Tanzanians had shared historical experiences which straddled both the precolonial and the colonial eras.It must be conceded that history did not always prove as reliable an ally to African politicians as to scholars of Africa. Penetration into the Nigerian past served, indirectly at least, to magnify the regionalism which had already troubled the decolonization process in that territory, and underlined the distinct historical experiences of, for example, the Yoruba in the south and the Hausa-Fulani in the north.
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Aiello, Flavia. « La memoria coloniale nella narrativa swahili contemporanea ». Annali Sezione Orientale 76, no 1-2 (28 novembre 2016) : 102–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685631-12340005.
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The memory of the colonial experience is a recurrent topic in the Swahili prose produced after the independencies. The present article investigates how East African writers creating in the Swahili language reconstructed and preserved the local reminiscences of the colonial trauma, sometimes in reaction to the solicitations of the political leaders. The textual analysis is contextualised by taking into account the historical, cultural and linguistic specificities of the two countries where post-independence Swahili literature developed, namely Kenya and Tanzania.
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Aiello, Flavia. « Traiettorie di sguardi sul romanzo swahili : Vuta n’kuvute di Shafi Adam Shafi ». Annali Sezione Orientale 79, no 1-2 (16 mai 2019) : 52–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685631-12340071.
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Abstract The present article investigates Shafi Adam Shafi’s Vuta n’kuvute (The tug of war, 1999), a historical novel which is set in Zanzibar in the late colonial period. Textual analysis highlights how the novel’s linguistic and stylistic peculiarities intermingle inextricably with the contents in constructing the text as a whole, as they are loaded with meanings and symbolic implications which help in the reconstruction of many aspects of the work in connection to the literary, socio-cultural and political context of contemporary Tanzania.
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Elias, Tarasis Nahayo, Lea Mpobela et Eustard R. Tibategeza. « A Linguistic Study of Village Names in Ngara District, Kagera Region, Tanzania ». International Journal of Culture and History 10, no 1 (23 janvier 2023) : 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijch.v10i1.20695.
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This paper examines the linguistic features of village names in Ngara district in Kagera region -Tanzania.Itspecifically discusses the meanings, and the morphological and phonological features of Ngara village names. The natives speak two related Bantu languages, namely Kishubi and Kihangaza.The study focuses on village names since they are part of the historical, cultural and linguistic heritage of the given society. Additionally, place names have meaning as argued by several scholars (Anindo, 2016; Buberwa, 2012; Kihara, 2020; Wanjiru-mwita & Giraut, 2020) that nearly all African place names have meanings. Despite having meanings, place names differ in the way they are formed in each society hence, language specific. This uniqueness raised the need to investigate Ngara village names to see what they mean and how they are formed. This is a qualitative paper which employs two theories namely, Frame theory by Fillmore (1985) to define concepts that guided the retrieval of meanings of village namesand Lexeme-Morpheme Base Morphology theory pioneered by Beard (1995) which assisted on observation and identification of structural patterns of Ngara village names. The paper employed descriptive research design with the data collected from eight informants. The informants were involved in semi- structured interview, questionnaire and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that all village names in Ngara district have meanings derived from various phenomena such as geographical features, flora and fauna, social services or behaviours, calamities, agricultural activities, boundaries, economic activities and famous people. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the formation of Ngara village names involves both the morphological (affixation, compounding and reduplication) and phonological (deletion, hardening and devoicing) processes.
Thèses sur le sujet "Historical linguistics – Tanzania"
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LÄMMERT, Stephanie. « Finding the right words : languages of litigation in Shambaa native courts in Tanganyika, c.1925- 1960 ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/47028.
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Defence date: 26 June 2017Examining Board: Prof. Corinna Unger, EUI (First Reader); Prof. Federico Romero, EUI (Second Reader); Prof. Andreas Eckert, Humboldt University Berlin (External Supervisor); Prof. Emma Hunter, University of Edinburgh (External Examiner)
This Ph.D. thesis is concerned with the way litigants of the Usambara Mountains in Tanganyika spoke and wrote about their disputes and grievances under British rule. Language and narratives are at the core of my analysis. While I will give an overview of litigation patterns of the so-called 'native courts' in the Usambara Mountains from the late 1930s to 1960, and will examine clusters of recurring cases, my main concern is not to write a social history of these courts, but a cultural one. I am interested in recurring narratives and their intellectual roots. What kind of language did the Shambaa and other African litigants use in lawsuits and the many petitions and letters that accompanied their suits? What might have influenced them in their strategic choice of language? What intellectual sources did they draw from? While I am also interested in the outcomes of cases and the success of narratives, my objective is to treat these emerging narratives as windows into specific local perspectives. Why did Shambaa litigants depart so markedly from legal language? Was the legalistic language unsuitable for a specific Shambaa understanding of the law, or were the courts themselves not perceived as places for the dispensation of justice?
Livres sur le sujet "Historical linguistics – Tanzania"
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Societies, religion, and history : Central-east Tanzanians and the world they created, c. 200 BCE to 1800 CE. New York : Columbia University Press, 2009.
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