Thèses sur le sujet « Histoire culturelle des États-Unis »
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Cohen, Noémie. « Les juifs orthodoxes d'Europe orientale aux Etats-Unis : évolution religieuse et culturelle de 1880 à aujourd'hui ». Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030025.
Texte intégralTwo million jews left eastern europe for the united states from 1881 to 1914. This mass movement followed the years of repression the jews undergone in the russian pale of settlement. Most of the jewish immigrants settled in new york and many of them became workers in the fast-expanding industry. The russian jews brought a very orthodox practice of judaism. However, the religious customs faded after the first years spent in the new sociocultural environment. Orthodox judaism was little by little replaced by the conservative and the modern orthodox movements, the features of which seemed more appropriate to american ideology. Religious schools and philanthropic institutions enabled the various jewish communities to work out an organized structure. Ultraorthodox judaism was acknowledged as one of the many ethnic expressions of american jews in the sixties when the united states were confronted to social disorder. Today ultraorthodox jews can be found in hasidic areas. These jews remained very faithful to european tradition. However, this movement shows similarities with the american way of life in so far as it is based on the notion of freedom. Besides, ultraorthodox jews consider the united states as a country where the ideals of the melting-pot have been replaced by the concept of ethnic pluralism
Jerad, Rahma. « L'expansion américaine au prisme de Cuba : esclavage, abolition et rivalités internationales, 1836-1860 : une histoire culturelle et diplomatique ». Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070005.
Texte intégralIn the two decades that led to the Civil War, the proslavery southern ideologues regarded Cuba as the model of a prosperous society where slavery was a widespread and thriving institution. This model society, so close to the southern states, both on a geographical and on an economic level, thus became the focus of their interest. But, this interest in the island of Cuba was not limited to the South, nor to the twenty years preceding the Civil War. It is certain indeed that the US interest in the island dates back to the very first days of the Union, but that historians have usually been more interested in the period of Manifest Destiny because that is when the Union was the most active in its attempts to take control of the island and integrate it to its territory. The aim of the present thesis is thus first to trace back the origins and the reasons of US interest in what was often called the Perl of Antilles. Then, it is to replace this expansionnism in a larger international context in order to show that this interest was motivated not only by the national expansionist ideology but also by a wider range of international actors, events and elements, among which slavery, slave trade and their abolition by Great Britain are central. The purpose is then to emphasize elements that were often ignored by US historiography and give a more prominent place to the role played by the Cubans in this expansionist movement. By using American, Cuban and British sources, travel accounts as well as diplomatic sources, it will nonetheless appear that this annexationist desire was a complex phenomenon, due to Americans1 ambiguous feelings, to be sure their increasing racism, towards their Hispanic neighbours. This dissertation then uses the concept of Atlantic history, and can be regarded as forming part of the transatlantic study of slavery, a paradigm that, since the early 1990s, has renewed research on slavery in the Americas. And through the use of various, multinational sources it seeks to give a more balanced and hopefully a more complete history of the period
Augé, Étienne F. « L'illusion culturelle : le monde de Hollywood 1990-2000 ». Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0031.
Texte intégralBenvenuto, Luciano. « Le cinema post-hollywoodien (1976-1985) : une industrie culturelle transnationale de l'imaginaire filmique. une analyse socio-pragmatique ». Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030038.
Texte intégralThe subject of this thesis is hollywood's contemporary commercial film industry between 1976 and 1985. Emphasizing a socio-pragmatic approach in which the cinematographic context takes precedence over the cinematographic text, this research endeavors to demonstrate that this period, knowned as post-hollywood cinema world, constitutes and extreme rupture in the evolution of the hollywood movie industry. A rupture because the three intrinsic sectors of hollywood cinema were broadly affected by the aftermath of the socio-economic crisis of the early seventies and the astounding technico-televisual revolution which followed. The movie industry was entirely reshaped and reorganized on new economic foundations, bringing about changes in the audience's sociological and psychological caracteristics. These changes are evident in the signifying form of the films, where cinematographic super-production, performance and the "spectacular" are brought together. The performing signifier appears to be therfore the principal symptom of this upheaval or revolution. Because in becoming the film's principal vehicle of meaning, the performing signifier indicates that the film is no longer concerned with communication
Decker, Daniel. « Musique pop, pop art, messages, aux États-Unis et en Grande-Bretagne : analyse d'une double traversée culturelle des années soixante ». Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20069.
Texte intégralPop music, born as rock'n'roll from black rhythm & blues in the mid-fifties, became, in the sixties, the privileged means of expression of a mediated category of consumers, the teenagers, with the advent of transistr radios and the development of television, the former baby boomers gave their social unrest a tune, this music, quickly assimilated to un-american negative values (violence, juvenile delinquency, sex, drugs) soon died out in the usa. It swung back from britain where it had been adapted by exotic provocative white bluesmen who popularized this once despicable negro music. Young white misfits thus protested against the profit-seekers still under the threat of a nuclear holocaust. Trying to consider the face value of objects, not thoughts. Led by the simplistic lyrics of pop songs they came to think of the making of their own lives as happenings. The myth of a classless society, enhanced by the media in control of the establishment, easily withstood the criticisms of yelling pop singers, the underground press and the drug-addicted hippies. Their very existence proved the tolerance of the system they were so unfairly permitted to criticize
Le, Glaunec Jean-Pierre. « Lire et écrire la fuite d'esclaves dans le monde atlantique : essai d'interprétation comparée et "coopérante" à partir des annonces d'esclaves en fuite, Louisiane, Jamaïque et Caroline du sud (1801-1815) : une histoire culturelle et diplomatique ». Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070087.
Texte intégralMy dissertation is intended to serve as a biographical, social and cultural history of about 6,000 runaway slaves advertised in the newspapers 0f three slave societes 0f the early modern atlantic world : louisiana, south carolina, and jamaica. My central argument is to study runaway ads as texts and objects 0f history, and not simply as documents or pre-texts easily quantified and understood. I have attempted to consider the ads as a form 0f writing and reading, or to be more precise, as the major public form of reading and writing about fugitive slaves in the early modern atlantic world. Doing so means departing from the usual spatial and temporal boundaries of monographic history. The purpose is not study one particular region, for example louisiana, through the spectrum of jamaica and south carolina, but to leave the possibility open to be surprised by the confrontation of texts apparently identical or at least constructed along the same patterns. I here propose to place runaway ads at the centre of history and to read them for what they are : micro-narratives of micro-histories to be read and linked again and again
Moreau, Florence. « Pour une histoire culturelle du magazine "LIFE" dans les années 1950 : mythe, photojournalisme et rhétorique de l'image au service d'une culture visuelle américaine ». Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070056.
Texte intégralAs a leading 20 Century American photojournalism magazine, Life benefits from a prestigious aura turning it into an iconic entity — in press history, scholars usually refer to Life as a paragon of picture magazine when in the meantime Life plays a part in collective history as a Visual record of 20th Century American society -. The first part of this doctoral dissertation dedicated to examining the historiography of Life, explores the emblematic status held by Life, both on the academic field of press history and American studies. As a mainstream culture artifact, and under the impulsion of the counterculture of the 1960s, Life has largely been criticized for being a conservative media. Due to a dissatisfaction with the ideological critique towards Life — which often reduces the study of its editorial content to political issues — the second part of this work focuses on Life's editorial practices, so as to understand how its news content serves the establishment of a Visual culture, rather than offers a sole political statement. These first two parts are preliminary to the main purpose of this doctoral dissertation, which is to identify and analyze the main stakes that are raised when considering Life as a cultural artifact. Thus, the scope of the third part is to investigate Life's use of photography as means to celebrate and evaluate the cultural references the magazine highlights. The corpus of this investigation is a series of case studies, based on a selection of photo-essays published in Life during the early 1950s, when the magazine reached its golden age, so as to revisit this overrated area
Adane, Virginie. « Genre, pouvoir et relations marchandes dans une société coloniale multiculturelle. Nouvelle-Néerlande, New York (1630-1730) ». Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0148/document.
Texte intégralNew Netherland, then New York (from 1664 on) was a colonial society that was shaped during the 17th and 18th centuries. This dissertation shows the importance of gender, its norms and the social relations it led to, in the shaping of the society. Gender helped constructing the social order of the new society and was at the heart of the trading relations with Native American populations
Gabilliet, Jean-Paul. « Des comics et des hommes : histoire culturelle des comic books aux États-Unis / ». Nantes : Éd. du Temps, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399717761.
Texte intégralCariou, Gwennaëlle. « "Say it Loud !" : la création d'un contexte culturel noir à travers la fondation des musées africains américains ». Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070037.
Texte intégralThis thesis is examining the issues of the creation of a black cultural context in the USA through African-American museums founded during the second half of the 20th century. Those museums are the result of a long process within the black American community since the 19th century, at first with the establishment of a black culture (historical societies, art collections) which allowed then the creation of black exhibitions. Those exhibitions came out in a white dominating cultural context, especially with the setting of segregated exhibitions during national and international exhibitions in the USA, then with independent exhibitions. Those different exhibitions are the base of the first black museums founded in different American cities from the 1960s. The movement of creation of African American museums went on throughout the 20th century until today with the project of the National Museum of African American History and Culture scheduled to open in 2015. African American museums are presenting in a positive way the experience of African-Americans in the USA and their place in American history and culture. They are in general the only space in which this culture is displayed and show varied themes (sciences and techniques, art, religion, work) and historical periods (the Middle Passage and slavery, the Civil Rights movement)
Pieri, Jean-Etienne. « Hollywood et Hong Kong : transferts culturels, de 1979 à nos jours ». Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030070.
Texte intégralThis thesis examines the exchanges between Hong Kong cinema and Hollywood. Since the beginning of the 1990s, several Hong Kong directors, actors and fight scenes choreographers have indeed emigrated to the United States. But the movies made in Hollywood by these filmmakers and stars from Hong Kong only represent the most obvious part of the transfers between the two film industries. These transfers have actually constantly increased since the emergence, in 1979, of what have been called the “New Wave” of Hong Kong (a movement of young directors, mostly educated in North America and England). In this thesis are studied the attempts to create hybrid works (especially on a generic level), the remakes and the different kinds of narrative and stylistic borrowings which contributed to the circulation of forms between the two film industries
Labourot, Séverine. « La lutte pour la préservation de la souveraineté et de l’identité cherokees (1838-2008) ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040045.
Texte intégralNative American identity has always been a highly controversial issue, all the more so in today’s multicultural and multiracial American society. The questions raised are often based on intermarriages, race-mixing or blood quantum, prompting the tribes to redefine their tribal identity to preserve their sovereignty: a high native blood quantum supposedly correlates with cultural authenticity or ethnic identity, while race mixing is inevitably associated with cultural loss. Originally identified as one of the five “civilized” tribes by the Europeans, who regarded their efforts to adapt and reach tribal consensus as a sign of the rapid acculturation of the tribe, the Cherokees have been fighting ever since to preserve their tribal identity and sovereignty. They chose in 2007 to adopt more radical requirements for tribal membership and disenrolled some of their long-time citizens, on an Indian blood quantum basis that they were one of the last tribe not to have considered a valid criterion for identification
Castet, Anthony. « Guerres culturelles, idéologies et égalité des droits aux Etats-Unis : le cas du mariage homosexuel ». Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2014/document.
Texte intégralThe ojective of this PhD dissertation is to show how the victory for the freedom to marry enabled the LGBT community to gear up for a national State-by-State campaign to put an end to second-class citizenship, raise awareness, and educate the American people to a reality that is marked by a long history of discrimination and hostile prejudice against homosexuals, with such hostility often being expressed and disseminated by fundamentalist Christians. We will revisit the historical origins of the culture war against homosexuality to show it still structures the system of government tody, and fuels political polarization, starting from the premise that the breach in the separating wall between Church and State is partly responsible for the numerous institutionnal deadblocks as well as a patchwork system of unegquel laws across the country. the LGBT community's fight for equal rights ultimately turns out to provide a particularly powerful insight into American democracy, and continues to affect the democratic system of checks and balances through various dynamic processes which are bound up with change and with the assertion of religious freedom
Sandeau, Jules. « The Unsinkable Kate : l'évolution de la persona de Katharine Hepburn et sa réception aux Etats-Unis ». Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30048.
Texte intégralAcknowledging the extraordinary longevity of Katharine Hepburn as a high-profile Hollywood star, this study seeks to shed light on the reasons behind this lasting success by examining her reception in the United States throughout her career. Combining both star studies and reception studies, this thesis articulates the analysis of her persona (her theater and film roles, her acting and media image) with evidence of her reception by the United States audience (critics, fan letters, polls, box-office figures, etc.). Using a diachronic approach, the evolutions of her image and its reception are incorporated within the framework of a socio-historical context in constant evolution, to which Hepburn tried to adapt with differing success depending on the period. The examination of the extra-filmic materials that contribute to her image or testify to her reception allow us to shed new light on Hepburn’s performances, analyzed from a socio-cultural, aesthetic and acting perspective. Special attention is given to the gender, class and age-related dimensions of her persona
Teichner, Noah. « Le “canned” vaudeville et la mise en conserve médiatique aux États-Unis, du phonographe au film sonore : étude média-archéologique des courts métrages Vitaphone au format son-sur-disque (1926-1930) ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080071.
Texte intégralThis dissertation reads the discourses, practices, and materialities of filmic and phonographic vaudeville through the broader history of “canned” media. Warner Bros.’ short films produced with the sound-on-disc Vitaphone process play a central role in this study which covers a period ranging from the beginnings of the phonograph industry and the institutionalization of vaudeville in the late 19th century to the introduction of electroacoustic technology in film and sound media during the second half of the 1920s. After studying vaudeville’s infrastructure as a mass media institution and its aesthetic capacities as a medium, the neglected role of the term “canned” in media history is reconsidered through practices of early phonography and trade press discourses on “canned” music and “canned” vaudeville. This leads to a contextualization of filmic vaudeville within the media landscape of the 1920s—the decline of big-time vaudeville and the rise of stage presentations in movie theatres—and an analysis of Vitaphone shorts’ production, distribution, and reception. The material possibilities afforded by the Vitaphone sound-on-disc technology and multi-camera set-up are then outlined and examined in relation to debates regarding sound and image scale. These technical considerations lay the groundwork for an in-depth investigation of approaches to address and diegetisation in the restored Vitaphone shorts from 1926-1930. The films’ means of addressing the spectator and of representing both the audience and the space of performance are put in perspective through examples of phonographic vaudeville dating back to the turn of the 20th century
Bondurand, Mouawad Michel. « Corps de terreur : genres, races et sexualités dans les représentations hollywoodiennes du terrorisme (1960-2010) ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA116/document.
Texte intégralEven though terrorist violence is defined by a manifest political agenda, for decades Hollywood has created terrorist vilains with no specific political motivations. This study argues that the apparent lack of political content in the fictional representations of terrorism is actually compensated by an other political agenda that has to be read onto the bodies of those fictional terrorists and appears chiefly through gender, race and sexuality. Following a chronological approach, this study systematically connects the historical, sociological, and cultural contexts of production in order to highlight how Hollywood constructed an archetypal character of which unique features consist of communicating different speeches that help the dominant American cultural groups to permanently negotiate and strengthen their hegemonic power. After locating its origins in the spy fiction films of the 1960’s, we have studied the representations of terrorism over five decades. We were then able to demonstrate that the attacks of 9/11 were not a critical shift in Hollywood depiction of terrorism but rather forced the industry to leave behind a fictional construction which became unbearable after its emergence in what we have called « a postmodern reality »
Ozdoba, Marie-Madeleine. « « Tomorrow’s Life Today ». Le mythe de l’architecture ultra-moderne dans la presse américaine (1947-1964) ». Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0064.
Texte intégralIn the aftermath of the Second World War, in the headlines of the American press, new buildings equipped with curtain walls and air conditioning were presented as a "future already arrived in the present". The media account of the projects of Mies Van der Rohe, S.O.M. or Welton Becket was used for publicity purposes, as a space for future projections for an audience lacking concrete horizons. This thesis questions the place of architecture in a profound reconfiguration of the regime of historicity, in the wake of the unbridled technoscientific imagination that characterized the period – in the same way as the Atomic Age, the Space Age or the Jet Age. Following an anthropological definition of culture as a social production of meaning, the thesis highlights the role of photographers and illustrators, public relations and publishing profesionnals in the success of ultra-modern architecture as a cultural object. The main methodological framework of the project is the description of the context of production and reception of the narrative of ultra-modern architecture in the mainstream press. The analysis combines a consideration of the situations, processes and agents specific to the architectural project and its publicity, with an interpretative apparatus based on the history and theory of arts and images. In the light of its media narrative, ultra-modern architecture appears to be a support for beliefs and aspirations akin to a myth, as much as the technological and rational project claimed by the architects. By weaving together the history of architecture, the history of media narrative, and the history of the relationship to time, this thesis aims to forge a framework for a historiography of myths. The implementation of architectural images in the narrative of the future, which is based on an imaginary of concretization, offers a new prism to revisit the question of the performativity of images, at the heart of the field of visual studies
Licari-Guillaume, Isabelle. « « Vertigo's British Invasion » : la revitalisation par les scénaristes britanniques des comic books grand public aux Etats-Unis (1983-2013) ». Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30044/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis deals with the editorial and aesthetic history of the Vertigo imprint, which was created in 1993 by DC Comics, a US-American comics publisher. I shall consider in particular the contribution of British scriptwriters employed by DC and then by Vertigo from the 1980s onwards. Theise creators played a tremendous role, both at the time of Vertigo's founding by editor Karen Berger and at a later date, as the imprint gathered widespread recognition. The genesis of the Vertigo imprint sheds light on the so-called “British Invasion”, that is to say the appearance within the American industry of several UK-based creators working for DC Comics. Spearheaded by Alan Moore, the “invasion” brought to the fore many of the most important scriptwriters of years to come, such as Grant Morrison and Neil Gaiman, whose Sandman series has been described as a major landmark in the recognition of the medium. Existing criticism regarding Vertigo tends to focus on the body of work produced by British authors, without necessarily discussing their national specificity. My goal is therefore double; on the one hand, I intend to write a history of the label as the producer of a specific media culture that belongs to a given socio-historical context and is grounded in the practices and representations of the field's actors (producers and consumers in a broad sense). On the other hand, the awareness of the context in which the books are produced shall allow me to interrogate the imprint's poetics, thus identifying the specificity of a “British school of writing” within the comics mainstream industry
Allamel, Frédéric. « Après les houmas, le déluge : anthropologie d'une agonie culturelle ». Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0522.
Texte intégralThe notion of deterritorialization is at the heart of the problem faced by the Houma Indian of Southeastern Louisiana. The ethnohistorical perspective reveals such a recurring process of land dispossession, since the loss of this community's ancestral territory to the multiple encroachments by agents of colonization. Transplanted later to a no-man's land, namely an area of marshlands, the Houmas have managed to tame this unusual landscape by developing new knowledge and restructuring their material culture, as they substituted agriculture for fishing, and trapping. As a consequence, their earthly existence had to switch to an amphibious worldview. However, soon overtaken by the economic development of the region, the Houmas faced another wave of expropriations by the oil and gas companies. In addition, their territory has no legal value so far, as the Bureau of Indian Affairs has rejected their native status, a decision that deprives them of an autonomous reservation. But there is a more insidious form of deterritorialization, which consists in a dazzling ecocide. Due to the excess of industrialization, coastal erosion will soon eradicate this whole environment. Despite a resilient attitude, an exodus is already in progress, which on its wake will generate community dislocation, a situation that is worsened by multiple disasters (BP oil spill, Katrina). While social scientists scrutinize the new forms of sociality generated by postmodernity, the Houmas, as an indigenous people that will soon be landless, deliver a final battle that reminds us of the basic need of being-in-the-world that only local rooting can provide
Doppler-Speranza, François. « Civils et militaires : les aspects culturels de la présence américaine en France, 1944-1967 ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC028.
Texte intégralOur thesis aims to examine the promotion of the American military presence in France from 1944 to 1967. After World War II, as the world was slowly drifting into the Cold War, the outcome of the political and ideological confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union was still uncertain. In 1949, France took part in the foundation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Its participation in NATO led to the return of US soldiers, the GIs, to French territory. Their return was accompanied by an unprecedented cultural policy, implemented both at the institutional level and in the day-to-day lives of French citizens. How and why did the diplomatic circles and the military establishment feel the need to develop a strategy to promote the US military presence in France? How were the advertisement campaigns conceived by the US information services in France (USIS-France) in order to develop a relationship between civilians and the military? What image did the French and the Americans have of this military presence on French soil? Based on journalistic, archival and field studies, our work shows that Washington’s cultural policy was “parabellicist,” aiming deliberately to keep both the French and the Americans on a war footing. This notion, derived from Jacques Ayencourt’s work in 1946, appropriately characterizes American cultural policy conduct from the arrival of the first GIs in 1944 until the last battalions departed in 1967
Gallet, Maud. « Marchands nord-américains en voyage en Grande-Bretagne (1776-1815) : transferts culturels et identité nationale ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA134/document.
Texte intégralBy studying the travel writings of North American merchants going to Great Britain between 1776 and 1815, we analyse the cultural transfers across the Atlantic and observe the growing emancipation of the young Republic from its former mother country. It appears that these merchants fully contributed to the creation of an American national identity. Their stay in Great-Britain undeniably encouraged this process, as it enabled visitors to measure themselves against a British « Other », to realise what made them truly American, to boast about their superiority, but also, as merchants, to defend specific values and a certain vision of the American society
Sauvage, Emmanuelle. « Coopération internationale et intercompréhension culturelle : approche ethnographique d’un cas franco-latino-américain ». Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100071.
Texte intégralThis PhD dissertation in cross-cultural management relies on an ethnographic study of a Florida-based Franco-Latino-American company producing perfume oils. The study indicates a long-lasting, well-balanced situation between social well-being and economic wealth. The research questions the link between intercultural understanding and business efficiency, due notably to a deep analysis which shows differences between the interpretations of the product, the market, and the client by the people involved. This study reveals that a similar language pattern can indicate different realities and an identical behavior can be determined by different logics. These observations could cause difficulty given that they contrast with the apparent easiness and simplicity of the efficient, as well as successful, business organizational structure. By studying individuals’ sense-making processes and the underlying meanings given to each item, the research demonstrates that success lies upon compatible positive understanding of a similar situation rather than upon similar visions. Mutual adjustments between people from different cultural backgrounds are complex and generally performed without their being aware of it. Beyond a so-called understanding of the “other”, the real foundations of relation and adaptation mechanisms differ from what people think they are; finally, efficiency seems to be obtained not in spite of misunderstandings but thanks to them. We contend that multicultural team members’ cultural “reading” of the product should be shared and compared beforehand at the strategic level. This research highlights the relevance of frameworks of meanings to shed light on cooperation
Morcrette, Quentin. « Tracer la route : les cartes d'itinéraire du papier à l'écran, usages et représentations : contribution pour une étude diachronique comparée (France/Etats-Unis) ». Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2138/document.
Texte intégralDigital technologies deeply change the way in which societies grasp their environment and represent space Cartography is not exempt from these changes, maps are more widespread than ever and are being used for new purposes. Among them, the use of route specific maps, made easier by technical and technological developments. Many online maps are used for itineraries, and most of them come from United States-based corporations.These observations raise the questions of how to understand this specific use of maps when put in a chronological and comparative perspective ? Is this an innovation or rather an actualization of a previous type of mapping practice ? What is the status of these itineraries when studied in a multifaceted perspective ?This research addresses these questions using three main approches : cartobibliographical, semiological and processual, and relying on extensive map collections from the Bibliothèque nationale de France and the Newberry Library. The main results bring new insights on the changes taking place with the transition from a primarily paper cartography to a primarily on-screen cartography and call for a redefinition of the status of maps in the digital era
Schor, Paul. « Compter et classer : histoire des catégories de la population dans le recensement américain, 1790-1940 ». Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0114.
Texte intégralMerijeau, Lucie. « Le cinéma d'animation et son image. Étude des pratiques industrielles et spectatorielles du cinéma d'animation américain contemporain. Le cas prototype de Pixar (1995-2010) ». Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030137.
Texte intégralAs the first studio to have created a CGI animated feature film, Toy Story, whose success initiated a new era in animation production, Pixar Animation Studios occupy a significant position in the actual cultural landscape, and present a great opportunity to study the ways in which objects from cultural industries are produced and consumed. By examining the animated cartoon, from historic and aesthetic perspectives, I intend to determine the evolution of the production system and of the technics, which are related to stylistic changes as well. This study will help us understand the studio system in which Pixar’s movies have taken place. While the ways films are made and seen changed at the end of the last century, Toy Story’s films are the privileged object for an analysis of the transformations of cinema and its uses. By Pixar’s high cultural status, by the textual ambiguity that characterized them or the new representations of masculinity and femininity that they share, animated feature films tend to become "ordinary films", letting viewers grasp them as they want
Saint-Gilles, Laurence. « La présence culturelle de la France aux États-Unis (1944-1963) ». Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040143.
Texte intégralPenna, Maria-Teresa. « L'archéologie historique aux Etats-Unis ». Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010641.
Texte intégralIn the United States, historical archaeology is one of the fastest growing disciplines in the field of archaeology. From its origins in the early twentieth century with the reconstruction and restoration of historical sites associated with the founding fathers, historical archaeology has expanded its perspectives to encompass archaeological investigations of all strata of American society. The development of the discipline over the past thirty years is a mirror of the transformations which have taken place in American society. The manner in which historical archaeology reflects and contributes to the American identity is explored
Konate, Kangbai. « L' utilisation et la place de l'Afrique dans le processus identitaire des Noirs américains : discours interprétatif et négociation culturelle ». Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0063.
Texte intégralAfrica as a constructive element of African American's alterity, enters the American social, political and cultural scene through their process of self-identification. If for the majority of African Americans, Africa is part of the cultural heritage, for others, the connection to “the mother land” is fundamental to the cultural and political negotiation that they are initiating within American society. This study argues that this negotiation is an attempt by African Americans to reposition themselves in their Americanness: for the majority of African Americans, the place of Africa in their search for identity is a way to exist in American society and not about becoming “Africans”. Rather, it is about defining the parameters of a complete identity. To some extent, the “recourse” to Africa permits African Americans to better come to terms with their “Americanness”. Fundamentally, this search for identity by African Americans reveals a desire for legitimacy rooted in the reality of the unique context of American society
Pichard, Laëtitia. « La présence américaine dans le Centre-Ouest de la France pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, 1917-1921 ». Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROF002.
Texte intégralIn the context of the First World War centennial celebrations, this thesis aims towards a new comprehension of the current Great War historiography. Indeed, based on the example of the American forces established in the Central-West region of France between 1917 and 1921, the goal is to find the various connections created on all levels, between the two sides of the Atlantic. In October 1917, the Americans arrive at La Pallice, the port of La Rochelle, and from there they scattered through the region along a logistical axe, towards Tours. From Charente-Maritime to Indre-et-Loire, through the regions of Charente, Deux-Sèvres and Vienne, this study seeks to understand how via the American presence, the Central-West region opened up to the world. The paper shows that up to 1921 wherever there is an American base, the material and cultural physiognomy of the city changes. These aspects enable us to re-examine the term « Americanization » often used by historians in a unidirectional way. Furthermore, the love relationships that flourished between Frenchwomen and Sammies and the marriages that ensued offer the opportunity to reflect on a dialogue about gendered identities on either side of the ocean. Bringing a new light on the economic, social and cultural history of a zone at the back of the Great War, this study places the Central-West region in a connected history, on a scale that is international, thanks to county, communal and national archives
Leopoldie, Nicole. « The Franco-American love affaire : transnational courtship and marriage patterns during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC142/document.
Texte intégralSituated in the methodologies of transnational history, cultural history, and the history of emotions, this work examines and compares courtship and marriage patterns that occurred between France and the United States during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Because the social practices of courtship and marriage became mechanisms through which borders were crossed and new cultural spaces were created, these relationships represent important elements of transnational entanglements. This work, therefore, not only seeks to examine the ways in which observable patterns of transnational marriage emerged out of social spaces of cross-cultural encounter between the two societies but also how the dynamics of those encounters changed over time. While existing scholarship on the subject has pointed to obvious socio economic motivations for these marriages, I contend that such rationalizations are simply too narrow and that greater analytical considerations need to include both cultural and emotional motivations that were always in the background. By locating and identifying transnational spaces that produced marriages, and analyzing the cultural and emotional dimensions of those spaces, I argue that marriage participants were largely driven by a strong emotional attachment to perceived cultural differences that stretched beyond the national polity. Within the shifting global contexts of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, these marriages, therefore, provoke important questions regarding family formation, the role of marriage in the making of national cohesion and belonging, and the permeability of national borders during different stages of the national project
Cheyroux, Emilie. « Le festival comme événement reconfigurateur de stéréotypes. Cine Las Americas et les Latinos (Austin, Texas, 1998-2017) ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA079.
Texte intégralFrom the beginning, Hollywood has used disparaging stereotypes about Latinos to create a series of threatening characters that give shape to the fears of the American society. This research focuses on the Latino film festival Cine Las Americas (Austin, Texas) and questions the explicit and underlying strategies used to deconstruct such stereotypes. First, the study analyzes the different phases that have allowed Cine Las Americas to become an institution between 1998 and 2017. The research also highlights the synergy with the city of Austin, « weird » Creative City, to show how it represents a fertile ground for the festival. It also situates Cine Las Americas in the historical context of Latino film festivals in order to understand their emergence at the turn of the millenium and their specificities.Second, after going over the Hollywood stereotypes about Latinos, the content of the movies from the first fifteen festivals (1998-2012) is analyzed to shed light on the corresponding counter-stereotypes, especially through the image of the migrant, the central figure of the movies about the border. The analysis sheds light on the unifying themes and the counter-narratives and questions Cine Las Americas’s Chicano heritage. Last, the research seeks to consider Cine Las Americas’s position in international and local networks from the beginning to 2017. It seeks to determine how the movies from « the Americas » are used to implement the anti-stereotype mission and to bring forth the collective figure of the Indigenous people, thus demonstrating how Cine Las Americas has become a Field-Configuring Event (FCE). This strategy confirms Austin’s driving force and portrays the organizors as cultural diplomats
Vinel, Jean-Christian. « Les avatars de l'employee : itinéraire social et politique d'une catégorie juridique, 1867-1974 ». Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/vinel_jc.
Texte intégralThe thrust of this dissertation is to shift the emphasis of American labor history from the worker to the employee - the legal concept that defines workers and their rights in labor law. When it was first used by American judges in the mid 19th century, the notion of employee stood at the very center of the legal framework of liberty of contract. The employee, it was argued, is a freeman whose rights are the same as those of the employer. Early in the 20th century, as reformers enacted laws designed to provide an answer to the labor question, the concept of employee became a status whereby workers enjoyed rights in the workplace. This evolution came to a head in 1935 with the adoption of the Wagner Act, which protected worker' rights to organize. However, this new labor relations regime was not predicated on a new definition of worker's or citizens' rights - rather, it was a policy, the product of an attempt to foster industrial peace and sustain the economy through purchasing power. The idea that the employee and the employer are equal parties with mutual interests was still inscribed in labor law. Hence, in the aftermath of the New Deal, workers and businessmen, started to vie for the control of the definition of the term employee, a process that has largely favored businessmen, for the number of workers defined as managers as opposed to employees largely increased in the postwar era. Thus, the employee emerges as a concept whose longue durée tells us much about the fate of workers in industrial America. It shows that in spite of all their social struggles, American workers have never been able to impose their own definition of themselves and earn a fundamental right to organize, either as workers or citizens
Fila-Bakabadio, Sarah. « Histoire intellectuelle de l'afrocentrisme aux Etats-Unis ». Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0029.
Texte intégralAfrocentrism has been part of the African American intellectual history for more than forty years. It was born in the m of the Civil Rights Movement, Black nationalisms. It is an idea as well as social practices and trains of thought due to help African Americans to renew ties to Africa In the 1990s, Afrocentrism spread thanks to the emergence of academic Afrocentrisms led by three historians: Molefi Asante, Maulana Karenga and Leonard Jeffries. It then generated concepts and cultural practices in the African American community though today, many ignore their origins. This study proposes a genealogy of the Afrocentric theses which rely 00 authors, sources and ideas borrowed from the histories of Black peoples and later adjusted to the African American social context. Additionally, it presents a sociology of Afrocentrisms in the United States which shows how African-Americans use Afrocentrism, turning it into a popular phenomenon before creating Afrocentric "milieus"
Michel, Philippe Valery Laurent. « Le ragtime dans la société et la musique populaire américaine : des origines aux années 1920 ». Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040262.
Texte intégralDabbak, Ali. « La politique culturelle et sociale américaine à l'égard de la Tunisie de 1956 à nos jours ». Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070069.
Texte intégralThe united states' role as first world power since 1945 has led them to practise cultural imperialism, exporting the american culture and way of life. For third world countries, this policy raises the problem of the modernisation and westernisation linked to development. The united states have been privileged partners for tunisia since its independence in 1956 : cooperation with the united states and their cultural and social influence are part of the westernisation policy implemented by the tunisian government. This thesis analyses the various means of cultural and social action used : official cultural services, educational exchange programs, technology transfer, and an action on the evolution of society, together with the general influence exerted through the media. It then looks into the united states' image in tunisia and into the degree of success and the future of their cultural and social policy in that country
Jacquin, William. « Histoire et poétique de la chanson populaire américaine depuis les origines jusqu'aux Années folles ». Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040088.
Texte intégralSetting of the historical background, identification, listing and poetical analysis, then evaluation of the American popular standard songs, from the beginnings to the roaring twenties
Lorée, La Sierra Marguerite. « Femmes de pouvoir et pouvoir des femmes aux Etats-Unis dans les entreprises et les institutions. 1848-1984 : histoire et pratique ». Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090016.
Texte intégralThis doctoral dissertation analyzes the struggle of american women to secure their rights as individuals and citizens and share power and leadership with men in corporations and institutions. In the first section, we study the major stages of a gradual emancipation process starting in 1848; women gain access to higher education, become active in voluntary associations, obtain the right to vote and achieve official positions in the new deal administration. In the second section, from 1945 to the present, we focus on the fight for equal rights. Women denounce discriminations, demand affirmative action programs, demonstrate for the equal rights amendment. In the third and final section, we assess the current status of american women in the power elites. In spite of major breakthroughs in political and economic fields, there are still many gender and structural barriers to overcome. Inconclusion, we stress the irreversible trend that drives the most highly qualified women to achieve equal status and full partnership with men in power in order to implement strategies which will accompany certain predictable social changes in the american society of the future
Weil, François. « Usines en ville : histoire sociale d'une entreprise textile américaine, la Dwight Manufacturing Company, 1841-1930 ». Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0068.
Texte intégralThis dissertation offers an analysis of social change in nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century america, based on the case study of the dwight manufacturing company, a textile firm located in massachusetts and alabama. Part 1 examines the coming of the industrial order in antebellum new england. Chapter 1 highlights the complexity of regional capitalist networks and their mercantile nature, suggesting that the promoters of economic development were not industrialists. The following three chapters analyze the consequences of this phenomenon on the company management, the mill environment and social relations, and the community at large. Part 2 deals with the years 1870 to 1930. It describes the reasons which led the company to open a second production plant in alabama, and it compares the new industrial settings thus created. Chapters 5 considers the reasons behind the bilocation, chapter 6 the changes in management, chapter 7 the mills and chapter 8 the urban environment. This dissertation suggests the importance of the social history of business for the understanding of the american industrial development and of the social transformations which took place
Blin, Alexia. « Politiser l'entreprise : une histoire des coopératives dans le Wisconsin (années 1870-années 1930) ». Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0131.
Texte intégralThis dissertation explores the history of cooperative businesses in the state of Wisconsin between the 1870s and the 1930s, and the ways various groups resorted to those organizations in order to protect their interests. My study involves both business history and political history, and looks at the uses of cooperatives through three important reform movements in US history: the antimonopolist struggles of the Gilded Age, the Progressive era and the New Deal. I show that cooperatives were continuously part of the American reform horizon in those decades. Although cooperators did not succeed in creating a “movement” or an economic “system” that would serve as an alternative for an industrial capitalism dominated by big corporations, they were able to build a specific and more democratic form of business enterprise, whose model was easy to identify at the end of the 1930s. In order to understand the mechanisms that led to the institutionalization of this form of business, I observe the various ways farmers, consumers, and, to a lesser extent, workers used and understood cooperatives over time. The role of the state, whose agents called upon cooperatives and turned them into public policy tools, is also a subject of inquiry. The analysis of the uses of the cooperative form of business is constantly replaced in the environment in which their members operated, especially by measuring the distance that separated them from the economic organizations against which they were formed, those that were their models, or those against which they competed. Understanding cooperatives in their environment also means questioning the importance of the territories where they were created, and more specifically the characteristics of rural areas, where cooperatives were especially successful
Ze, Mendo Gérard. « La citoyenneté différenciée : une approche comparée des modèles d'intégration américain et français ». Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010332.
Texte intégralMerlet, Rachel. « La souveraineté tribale des Suquamish (réserve de Port Madison, USA) : renaissance culturelle et revitalisation d’une identité collective ». Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/merlet_r.
Texte intégralMy thesis examines the contemporary tribal sovereignty in the American Federal State. My interest relates more particularly to the way in which Suquamish Tribe of Puget Sound appropriates and instrumentalizes the tribal political model in order to recompose a collective sociocultural and political organization. By supporting an analysis of the process of reorganization of this model and revitalization of certain latent resources like the canoe, I have been able to observe several elements of collective identity recombining. First, is an element of a political nature in which tribal governments and their autonomy are established within the tribal territory. Secondly, a cultural nature, it is a question of the rebirth and the revitalization of the ancestor’s culture. Finally, is of a social nature. It relates to the importance of group’s consciousness. This study enabled me to note that the tribal sovereignty, although limited to an internal autonomy, allows the tribes to be reconnected with their ancestors, their territory and to take part in the American life in becoming legitimate partners and collaborators. They are free to plan, implement and to manage programs, services and functions. Their sphere of activity remains limited to a small tribal territory. But they control and combine each day a little more their internal capacity, their collective identity and their American citizenship. They were never also visible and present on the American public scene but today
Fabiani, Valérie. « Une Église en marge : le développement du catholicisme dans l'environnement protestant de la Caroline du Nord ». Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070062.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this dissertation was, focusing variously on historical interpretation, the analysis of monographs, and substantive issues (role of women, minorities), to explore roman catholic experience in eastern north carolina within its protestant regional culture. Two lines of inquiry ran through this study. The first one was to test the proposition that, because of their minority status, catholics felt besieged, and thus adopted a "ghetto mentality" which resulted in catholic isolationism, conservatism, defensiveness, and orthodoxy. The second one was to see if letting down the draw bridge had led to a form of religious acculturation for catholics in eastern north carolina. In part one tracing the history of catholics in the state but also in part two observing local catholic congregations, catholics appeared on the whole very well adjusted to the protestant dominated southern society. Indeed, in part three, most of the concluding observations reflected the second proposition, which viewed minority catholics highly involved in protestant society and undoubtedly influenced by it. The objective of the last part of this study was to show how catholicism in eastern north carolina was transformed by a protestant environment and how individual catholics -both clergy and laity- were challenged by it. Eventually we were left to wonder whether we had witnessed what the pope's men would most likely label the "protestantization" of catholicism in eastern north carolina as a result of cultural pressures or the emergence of a postconciliar catholicism, attempting to be responsive to its environment
Rougé, Bertrand. « La réflexion théorique sur l'histoire aux Etats-Unis : des praticiens aux philosophes ». Rennes 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985REN20003.
Texte intégralLatrache, Rim. « La communauté arabe aux Etats-Unis : histoire d'immigration et enjeux de la visibilité et de l'invisibilité ». Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040184.
Texte intégralHow can one be Arab and American in the aftermath of 9/11 ? The objective of the present dissertation is to study the Arab community in the United States in its diversity through, at first, a historical approach regarding the history of the immigration of Arabs to the United States from 1860 to the present. Second, we will examine the status of the Arab American community within the American society, and finally, we will adopt a political approach to analyze the different policies of the American government towards the Arab Americans. The dynamics of the Arab American identity will be examined in order to explain the mechanism through which the“invisibility” of the Arab American community, once considered as a sign of assimilation, became a sign of isolation and marginality. Why do Arab Americans become “visible” only in negative way ?
Vermette, Marie-Ève. « Migrations mexicaines aux États-Unis : un regard historiographique ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18052.
Texte intégralAlix, Sébastien-Akira. « L'éducation progressiste aux États-Unis : histoire, philosophie et pratiques (1876-1919) ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB196.
Texte intégralThe period 1876-1919 constitutes a turning point in the history of American education: rapid social changes in American society carried with them implications for a new conception of education; a radically new vision of the role of schooling emerged. In a few decades, the educational system of the United States adopted new methods and ideas: the ideals of a teacher-centered education, of an academic curriculum and of a liberal education given to all students that had been the staples of education for many generations shifted to those of meeting children's needs, of a child-centered education tied to democracy. This shifting of the center of gravity in American education represented a revolution that the philosopher John Dewey considered to be copernican. This doctoral thesis traces the evolution of this major shift in American education. It aims at understanding and explaining the origins and founding principles of progressive education that wrought these massive changes in American education between 1876 and 1919. Furthermore, it aims at showing how these principles may have exerted an impact in America's schoolrooms
Agbessi, Éric. « Du droit de l'égalité à l'égalité de droit pour la communauté noire américaine, évolutions constitutionnelle, juridique et politique : à l'égalité de fait à travers trente ans d'action ». Saint-Etienne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STET2065.
Texte intégralChesnel, André. « La note bleue : l'expression tsigane dans le jazz à travers la presse anglophone nord-américaine des années 1880 aux années 1940 ». Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROF001/document.
Texte intégralThis academic research work is part of a series of recent studies whose aim is to show to what extent Europeans contributed to the birth of jazz and how they marked the development of this new kind of music. American music bears the stamp of the cultural idiosyncrasies that 19th and 20th century European migrants brought along. It is worthwhile focusing on the role played by Gypsies and the way they were perceived across the Atlantic. The reading of the American press from the 1880s to the 1940s, together with a wide variety of other sources, has provided a solid basis for a historical analysis with a multidisciplinary approach including art history, music and geography. A double-entry framework allows one to first study how Gypsies were perceived and represented in American entertainments, romantic music and jazz. What is noticeable is the omnipresence of the Gypsy theme, the emergence of a myth and its Americanization. Secondly, one can see the way Gypsy musics help define jazz music and give clues as to its origins. The third part is devoted to the Gypsies’ nomadic way of life throughout the United States and their settling in large cities where Gypsy musicians played jazz
Trousselle, Yvan. « Les Chicanos en Californie : menace ou atout pour les Etats-Unis du XXème siècle ». Grenoble 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE39004.
Texte intégralChopin, Thierry. « La question de la souveraineté dans la controverse constitutionnelle entre fédéralistes et anti-fédéralistes a la fin xviii ème siècle aux Etats-Unis : 1787-1788 ». Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0049.
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