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Articles de revues sur le sujet "High speed trains – Italy – Case studies"

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Russo, Francesco. « Which High-Speed Rail ? LARG Approach between Plan and Design ». Future Transportation 1, no 2 (29 juillet 2021) : 202–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp1020013.

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Of the approximately 100,000 km of High-Speed Rail (HSR) lines in the world today, half are in operation and half are planned or under construction. The implementation of HSRs are planned in various countries with different characteristics to pursue different objectives. Today, the results are known, and therefore, the differences between the planned and achieved objectives can be verified. Italy is one of the countries that first built an HSR, and now, at the national planning level, Italy has decided to implement an HSR in Southern Italy. The problem is therefore not “whether” to realize an HSR but “which” type of HSR to realize. Italy is an important case study at the international level because it is possible to extend the HSR network in three different ways: upgrading existing lines by increasing the speed to 200 km/h, building a new line with speeds of 300 km/h with heavy freight trains, and building a new line with speeds of 300 km/h without heavy freight trains. The problem is how to find the best alternative in order to pursue sustainable development while considering national planning. To solve this problem, at the intermediate level between planning and design, the theoretical Lean, Agile, Resilient, Green (LARG) paradigm is proposed and applied. This approach can be extended to all countries that are launching massive and expensive programs to construct HSR lines or to upgrade existing lines.
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Taczanowski, Jakub. « The influence of COVID-19 on international and long-distance passenger rail transport. The cases of Italy and Poland – the first observations ». Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG 23, no 2 (2020) : 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543859xpkg.20.002.12100.

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The objective of the article is to present the influence of COVID-19 on international and long distance passenger rail transport in Italy and Poland. Despite differences in the development of the pandemic the decision to put limits on long-distance rail services was taken in both countries at the very same time. On 23 March 2020 the last large-scale cancellations so far were introduced both in Italy and Poland. The entire rail transport in the two countries has been stopped to a very large extent. The only remaining international trains in Italy and Poland are cross-border regional trains operated by some railway companies from the neighbouring countries – France and Switzerland in the case of Italy and Germany in the case of Poland. As far as long-distance rail traffic is concerned, in Italy over 90% of all trains of this kind have been cancelled whereas in Poland the figure is 43%. A similar characteristic is the fact that almost all prestigious high speed trains have been cancelled. This is probably connected with the fact that their main target are business trips which in the time of pandemic have come almost to a complete stop.
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Chen, Zheng, Chun Guo et Wei Zhao. « Fire Characteristics Analysis of On-fire Intercity Train in the Tunnel under Open Side Door ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2202, no 1 (1 juin 2022) : 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2202/1/012039.

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Abstract In order to explore the fire characteristics of high-speed intercity trains running in the tunnel when the side door of the carriage is opened in case of emergency, this paper simulates the fire intercity trains in the tunnel based on PyroSim fire simulation software, and studies the fire temperature and smoke distribution characteristics in the carriage of intercity trains at different running speeds and obtained: With the increase of train speed, the temperature and smoke concentration in the carriage gradually decrease, when the speed exceeds 140km/h, the temperature influence range and smoke concentration distribution are roughly the same. When the speed exceeds 80km/h, the concentration of combustion products began to decrease and reached the lowest at 200km/h. According to the distribution of train temperature and smoke and products concentration obtained by numerical simulation, it is suggested that the speed of intercity train with fire should maintain its original speed when the side door of the train is opened.
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Huang, Han, Jie Xiong et Junfang Zhang. « Windows of Opportunity in the CoPS’s Catch-Up Process : A Case Study of China’s High-Speed Train Industry ». Sustainability 13, no 4 (17 février 2021) : 2144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042144.

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Over the last 20 years, the rapid development of high-speed Chinese trains has provided valuable guidelines to countries and companies eager to develop their complex product and system (CoPS) sectors. CoPS refers to the high cost and technology-intensive systems, networks, infrastructure and engineering constructs, and services. Although established studies highlight the importance of CoPS to the economy and development of a country, especially those that have yet to develop high-speed rail, scholars have not paid much attention to investigating the catch-up of CoPS industries from the windows of opportunity perspective. We aimed to fill in this research gap by analyzing the successful catch-up of Chinese high-speed trains. Based on a longitudinal case study of this industry, we analyzed and detailed the mechanisms of the catch-up process of a typical CoPS sector and its development. Our results enrich the literature of the catch-up process, CoPS, and the studies of windows of opportunity. In particular, we show that the windows of opportunity that emerge in the catch-up process of CoPS have the characteristics of endogeneity, asymmetry, and relevance. Moreover, our study further indicates that the endogenous windows of opportunity regarding policy result in the development of later windows of technology and demand. We also find that the technology’s windows of opportunity consist of the window to broaden the technology width and the window to deepen the technology depth of latecomers. In addition to theoretical contributions, our findings can help policymakers of latecomer countries better formulate CoPS industrial policies, followed by a gradual progress in successfully catch-up with the leading countries.
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Cheng, Chao, Weijun Wang, Hao Luo, Bangcheng Zhang, Guoli Cheng et Wanxiu Teng. « State-Degradation-Oriented Fault Diagnosis for High-Speed Train Running Gears System ». Sensors 20, no 4 (13 février 2020) : 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041017.

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As one of the critical components of high-speed trains, the running gears system directly affects the operation performance of the train. This paper proposes a state-degradation-oriented method for fault diagnosis of an actual running gears system based on the Wiener state degradation process and multi-sensor filtering. First of all, for the given measurements of the high-speed train, this paper considers the information acquisition and transfer characteristics of composite sensors, which establish a distributed topology for axle box bearing. Secondly, a distributed filtering is built based on the bilinear system model, and the gain parameters of the filter are designed to minimize the mean square error. For a better presentation of the degradation characteristics in actual operation, this paper constructs an improved nonlinear model. Finally, threshold is determined based on the Chebyshev’s inequality for a reliable fault diagnosis. Open datasets of rotating machinery bearings and the real measurements are utilized in the case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results obtained in this paper are consistent with the actual situation, which validate the proposed methods.
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Gawronek, Pelagia, Maria Makuch, Bartosz Mitka et Tadeusz Gargula. « Measurements of the Vertical Displacements of a Railway Bridge Using TLS Technology in the Context of the Upgrade of the Polish Railway Transport ». Sensors 19, no 19 (2 octobre 2019) : 4275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194275.

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The railway system in Poland is undergoing technological transformation. The development of the Polish railway system concerns not only high-speed trains but also infrastructure. The steel bridge is the most popular type of railway bridge in Poland. Most of them were built in the 1950s and 1960s. According to the recommendations in place in Western Europe, such railway bridges should be reviewed in terms of their fitness for use with modern high-speed trains. The modern technological revolution affects not only the railway, but also developments in displacement and deformation measurement techniques. New technologies provide more objective measurement results and accelerate results processing. They also facilitate the non-contact measurement of bridge structure stability. The authors investigated the vertical displacement of an old steel railway bridge in three different, specific case studies of terrestrial laser scanning data application. Then, the results of 3D data were compared with traditional land surveying results. The scientific results led to a conclusion that a strictly determined methodology of the measurement and analysis of a terrestrial laser scanner results supported by traditional land surveying techniques facilitates the determination of the vertical displacement of bridges with acceptable accuracy.
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Zhou, Xuanyi, Jiajun Yang, Giovanni Migliazza, Sandro Guenter, Shuo Wang, Chris Gerada et Giampaolo Buticchi. « Improved Speed Extension for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators by Means of Winding Reconfiguration ». Energies 16, no 2 (12 janvier 2023) : 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020899.

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With the increased development of electrical subsystems onboard modern transportation platforms, e.g., more electric aircrafts or more electric ships, the need for electric generation systems has increased. Since many motors require electric starting capability, the application of the starter/generator has been the focus of several studies. The peculiarity of such a system is its requirement for high torque at low speed (for the starting) as well as an extended operation range during the normal generation operations. This mismatch between maximum torque and speed comes at the expense of the power density of the electronic converter, which needs to be designed for the worst case situation and, due to the electric machine optimization, often requires field weakening operations. A new winding reconfiguration is proposed to achieve speed extension and provide more potentiality for high-speed applications. This work compares different power trains in terms of efficiency current stress for electric machines. Hardware-in-the-loop results are adopted to verify the practical implementation of the control systems.
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Liu, Wentao, Tao Tang, Shuai Su, Jiateng Yin, Yuan Cao et Cheng Wang. « Energy-Efficient Train Driving Strategy with Considering the Steep Downhill Segment ». Processes 7, no 2 (3 février 2019) : 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7020077.

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Implementation of energy-efficient train driving strategy is an effective method to save train traction energy consumption, which has attracted much attention from both researchers and practitioners in recent years. Reducing the unnecessary braking during the journey and increasing the coasting distance are efficient to save energy in urban rail transit systems. In the steep downhill segment, the train speed will continue to increase without applying traction due to the ramp force. A high initial speed before stepping into the steep downhill segment will bring partial braking to prevent trains from overspeeding. Optimization of the driving strategy of urban rail trains can avoid the partial braking such that the potential energy is efficiently used and the traction energy is reduced. This paper presents an energy-efficient driving strategy optimization model for the segment with the steep downhill slopes. A numerical method is proposed to calculate the corresponding energy-efficient driving strategy of trains. Specifically, the steep downhill segment in the line is identified firstly for a given line and the solution space with different scenarios is analyzed. With the given cruising speed, a primary driving strategy is obtained, based on which the local driving strategy in the steep slope segment is optimized by replacing the cruising regime with coasting regime. Then, the adaptive gradient descent method is adopted to solve the optimal cruising speed corresponding to the minimum traction energy consumption of the train. Some case studies were conducted and the effectiveness of the algorithm was verified by comparing the energy-saving performance with the classical energy-efficient driving strategy of “Maximum traction–Cruising–Coasting–Maximum braking”.
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Frybourg, M. « The Impact of Technological Change ». Environment and Planning C : Government and Policy 6, no 2 (juin 1988) : 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c060145.

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How can technology be better utilized to meet socioeconomic needs? Technological change is closely related to societal change. At the level of the firm, technology is a tool to achieve and sustain competitive advantage but radical innovation is system oriented and involves infrastructure. The paramount role of information technology has to be emphasised. Two new concepts are emerging; Just in Time/Total Quality Control (JIT/TQC) and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). So-called value-added-networks or VANs are catching on in Western countries. The bottlenecks are the costs, the externalities, the lack of standardization, and the system incoherence. Brief case-studies are developed: The new generation of metros, high speed trains, the motor industry, and intermodalism with utilization of High-Cube containers. The findings of these studies show that organizational innovation has to go along with technological innovation.
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Wang, Pu, Shuguo Wang et Daolin Si. « Numerical prediction of rail wear development in high-speed railway turnouts ». Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F : Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 234, no 10 (22 janvier 2020) : 1299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409719896440.

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Wear of rails in turnouts is a common problem during the operation of high-speed railways. It can seriously affect the running safety of trains and the service lives of wheels and turnout rails. In this study, a numerical prediction model for rail wear development in high-speed railway turnouts was established. According to the material wear theory developed by Archard, the wear depth distribution in the wheel–rail contact patch was calculated based on a vehicle–turnout coupling dynamics simulation and wheel–rail rolling contact analysis. For the dynamics model, various components of the vehicle and complex nonlinear interactions between the components were simulated in detail to guarantee consistency with reality. The combination relationship of the switch and stock rails and the irregular and variable cross-sections of the rails in the switch panel of the turnout were considered. Spatial interpolation was used to achieve three-dimensional transitions between adjacent irregular cross-sections to model the compromised rails in the turnout. In addition, the stiffness and damping characteristics of the track in the turnout zone were taken into account. The rail wear rates for every characteristic section of the switch panel were calculated by the superposition model for rail profile wear. An adaptive-step algorithm was adopted in the iterative computations to update the rail profiles for every characteristic section position, which could reduce the cumulative errors and effectively improve the stability and reliability of the numerical model. Finally, case studies were conducted to investigate the wear developments of the switch and stock rails of high-speed turnouts using the developed model. In addition, the rail wear status of turnouts in the Shanghai–Nanjing high-speed railway was measured. The numerical prediction results are consistent with those of the actual situations in the field, verifying the rationality of the established model. This work shows the potential for guiding the maintenance and optimal design of turnouts and improving the understanding of the formation mechanism and influencing factors of rail wear in turnouts.
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Thèses sur le sujet "High speed trains – Italy – Case studies"

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CEFIS, Elena. « Discontinuita tecnologiche e organizzative nell'industria di sistemi complessi : il caso dell'alta velocita in Italia ». Doctoral thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5742.

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Defence date: 18 December 1995
Examining board: Prof. Albert Carreras (supervisore), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcellona ; Prof. Giovanni Dosi (supervisore esterno), Università La Sapienza, Roma ; Prof. René Leboutte, IUE, Firenze ; Prof. Luigi Orsenigo, Università Bocconi, Milano ; Prof. Giuseppe Tattara, Università Ca' Foscari, Venezia
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Livres sur le sujet "High speed trains – Italy – Case studies"

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Colegio de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos., dir. Impacto ambiental de la alta velocidad ferroviaria : 1-3 abril 1992, Madrid. [Madrid : Servicio de Publicaciones del Colegio de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos], 1992.

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Peter, Pol, et European Institute for Comparative Urban Research., dir. The European high-speed train-network and urban development : Experiences in fourteen European urban regions. Aldershot, Hants, England : Ashgate, 1998.

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Emerging Challenges and Opportunities of High Speed Rail Development on Business and Society. IGI Global, 2016.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "High speed trains – Italy – Case studies"

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Blaze, James R., Jay Gowan et Stephen Byers. « Critical Logistics Support Enables Fast Track Construction for High Speed Rail ». Dans 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36148.

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Paper and PowerPoint presentation format will describe process for much faster logistics and construction management of new high speed track construction and improvement of existing FRA track from FRA Class 4 to Class 5 and Class 6 standards on existing freight railway lines. This process involves an integration of the long materials supply chain together with rapid process state of the art construction machines. These machines have been used in both European and Chinese high speed construction projects. Huge gains in new track kilometers and miles per day have been made in the last decade on the machinery side of the equation. The authors will show several case studies. The critical key to these production rates has been in the integration of materials ordering and prepositioning. The economic advantage is that track time construction windows that delay other passing trains can be reduced at tremendous savings in service and operational costs to the operators already providing service in these new high speed corridors and construction zones. Examples and calculations are shown.
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Eadie, Donald T., Kevin Oldknow, Yasushi Oka, Ron Hui, Peter Klauser et Matt Dick. « Effective Friction Control for Optimization of High Speed Rail Operations ». Dans 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36010.

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Expected growth of High Speed Rail (HSR) in North America will in many instances involve operation on existing infrastructure, shared with other traffic. This will pose many challenges, not least of which will be wheel and rail wear, and ride quality. This paper addresses how effective friction control can be employed to mitigate these factors and provide an important tool to the designers of new systems. Case studies describe successful use of train mounted solid stick LCF flange lubrication on high speed trains in East Asia and Japan. In each case, higher speed train operation has involved operation on areas of track with greater curvature than usual on dedicated high speed track. Appropriately designed LCF systems provide an inherently very high level of reliability and very low flange wear rates. Use of dry thin film lubricant technology has advantages over use of liquid lubricants (oil and grease) which can experience splash and fling off at high train speeds. Train mounted solid sticks provide greater consistency / reliability and ease of maintenance compared with wayside gauge face lubrication. Complementing practical field experience, modeling studies are presented which show the potential of high performance flange lubrication to allow for additional flexibility in designing wheel profiles for high speed rail. The ideal profile will balance vehicle stability (benefiting from lower conicity) and curving performance (benefiting from higher conicity). In a high speed train with long wheel base and high suspension stiffness operating in areas with significant curvature, finding an appropriate compromise becomes even more challenging than usual. Controlling flange wear at low rates with highly effective solid stick lubrication offers the opportunity to use wheel profiles providing lower effective conicity and therefore better ride quality, without compromising wheel life. This approach will be practical only in a scenario where a very high reliability wheel / rail lubrication system is employed.
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Oldknow, Kevin D., et Donald T. Eadie. « Top of Rail Friction Control as a Means to Mitigate Damaging Lateral Loads Due to Overbalanced Operation of Heavy Axle Load Freight Traffic in Shared High Speed Rail Corridors ». Dans 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36011.

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The use of Top of Rail friction management (TORFM) to reduce lateral forces has been well established in both freight and passenger systems. In this paper the authors discuss how TORFM provides an important tool to track designers who need to balance the super-elevation requirements for both high speed trains and slower freight traffic. Data from full scale heavy haul revenue service case studies are presented and discussed with a particular emphasis on the mitigating role that can be played by appropriate TOR friction management strategies in shared High Speed Rail corridors.
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Barbosa, Fábio C. « High Speed Intercity and Urban Passenger Transport Maglev Train Technology Review : A Technical and Operational Assessment ». Dans 2019 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2019-1227.

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Magnetic levitation (maglev) is a highly advanced technology which provides, through magnetic forces, contactless movement with no wear and friction and, hence, improved efficiency, followed by reduced operational costs. It can be used in many fields, from wind turbines to nuclear energy and elevators, among others. Maglev trains, which use magnetic levitation, guidance and propulsion systems, with no wheels, axles and transmission, are one of the most important application of the maglev concept, and represents the first fundamental innovation of rail technology since the launch of the railroad era. Due to its functional features, which replaces mechanical components by a wear free concept, maglev is able to overcome some of the technical restrictions of steel-wheel on rail (SWR) technology, running smoother and somewhat quieter than wheeled systems, with the potential for higher speeds, acceleration & braking rates and unaffected by weather, which ultimately makes it attractive for both high speed intercity and low speed urban transport applications. From a technical perspective, maglev transport might rely on basically 3 technological concepts: i) electromanetic suspension (EMS), based on the attraction effect of electromagnets on the vehicle body, that are attracted to the iron reactive rails (with small gaps and an unstable process that requires a refined control system); ii) Electrodynamic Levitation (EDL), which levitates the train with repulsive forces generated from the induced currents, resulted from the temporal variation of a magnetic field in the conductive guide ways and iii) Superconducting Levitation (SML), based on the so called Meissner Effect of superconductor materials. Each of these technologies present distinct maturity and specific technical features, in terms of complexity, performance and costs, and the one that best fits will depend on the required operational features of a maglev system (mainly speed). A short distance maglev shuttle first operated commercially for 11 years (1984 to 1995) connecting Birmingham (UK) airport to the the city train station. Then, high-speed full size prototype maglev systems have been demonstrated in Japan (EDL) (552 kph - 343 mph), and Germany (EMS) (450 kph - 280 mph). In 2004, China has launched a commercial high speed service (based on the German EMS technology), connecting the Pudong International Airport to the outskirts of the city of Shanghai. Japan has launched a low speed (up to 100 kph - 62.5 mph) commercial urban EMS maglev service (LIMINO, in 2005), followed by Korea (Incheon, in 2016) and China (Changsha, in 2016). Moreover, Japan is working on the high speed Maglev concept, with the so called Chuo Shinkansen Project, to connect Tokio to Nagoya, in 2027, with top speeds of 500 kph (310 mph). China is also working on a high speed maglev concept (600 kph - 375 mph), supported on EMS Maglev technology. Urban Maglev concept seeks to link large cities, with their satellite towns and suburbs, to downtown areas, as a substitute for subways, due to its low cost potential, compared to metros and light rail (basically due to their lower turning radius, grade ability and energy efficiency). High Speed Maglev is also seen as a promising technology, with the potential do provide high quality passenger transport service between cities in the 240–1,000 km (150–625 mi) distance range into a sustainable and reliable way. This work is supposed to present, based on a compilation of a multitude of accredited and acknowledged technical sources, a review of the maglev transport technology, emphasizing its potential and risks of the low and high speed (urban and intercity) market, followed by a brief summary of some case studies.
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Cerasoli, Mario. « Efectos territoriales de los procesos de privatización de las infraestructuras : el caso de los ferrocarriles del estado y el proyecto ferro-viario de alta velocidad ». Dans International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Mexicali : Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7654.

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Desde la mitad de los años 80, las empresas públicas de infraestructuras tuvieron que convertirse en empresas privadas. Si, por un lado, es cierto que las directivas de la UE en materia de privatización se crearon para reglamentar los mercados internos y la competencia, por otro lado, no parece que tuvieron debidamente en cuenta los impactos que la privatización podría tener sobre el territorio y por esto hubo recaídas sobre el territorio en términos de desarrollo y planificación de la red ferroviaria y en la gestión del transporte de pasajeros y cargas. Este documento describe el progreso de la investigación que se está desarrollando en el Departa-mento de Estudios Urbanos de la Universidad “Roma Tre”, y que quiere comprobar la hipótesis de que la privatización de empresas de infraestructura tiene efectos espaciales no previstos. A través de un enfoque multidisciplinario se estudia principalmente la evolución del marco de compe-tencias en materia de planificación/programación y ejecución/gestión de las infraestructuras (tanto antes como después de la Directiva n.91/440/CEE), con especial referencia a las relaciones entre los actores planificadores y los de las infraestructuras y a la actualización de la directiva de la UE en Ita-lia y en otros países europeos. El caso de estudio se refiere a los ferrocarriles estatales, con especial atención al proyecto Alta Velocidad en contraposición a la red ferroviaria de nivel local. La investigación tiene como objetivo definir una visión sintética de las ventajas y desventajas, espe-radas e inesperadas, que la aplicación de las directivas de la UE sobre la privatización de las infraes-tructuras ha tenido en el territorio, entendido como un fenómeno complejo que combina objetivos so-ciales, económicos y ambientales en relación continua y recíproca que constituyen el escenario de nuestras vidas. Un posible resultado para este trabajo será la identificación de posibles correctores a los mecanis-mos de las privatizaciones, tanto en términos de aplicación de las directivas de la UE como en térmi-nos de revisión del marco administrativo en temas de infraestructura y en el proceso de construcción del territorio. Since the mid-'80s, infrastructural public companies had to be converted into private com-panies. If it is true that the EU-directives on privatization were created to regulate markets and com-petition, it does not seem they have adequately considered the impacts that privatization would have on the territory. Actually, there have been significant impacts on the territory in terms of development and planning of railway networks and management of passenger and cargo transport. This document describes the progress of a research that is being developed at the Department of Ur-ban Studies, University “Roma Tre”, which aims at testing the hypothesis that the privatization of the infrastructural company produced unforeseen territorial impacts. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the research mainly focus on the evolution of the competency framework for planning/programming and construction/management of infrastructure (both before and after the Directive n.91/440/CEE), with special reference to the relationship between actors involved in planning and those dealing with infrastructure, comparing Italy with other European countries. The case study concerns the state railways, with a focus on High-Speed Rail Project (TAV), and the condition of the remaining local railway network. The research aims to defining a general overview of the advantages and disadvantages – expected and unexpected – that the implementation of EU directives on infrastructures privatization has had on the territory, seen as a complex phenomenon that combines social, economic and environmental ob-jectives in a continuous and reciprocal relationship that constitutes the backgrounds of our life. A possible result for this job will be to identify possible corrective measures to the privatization proc-ess, in terms of implementation of EU directives, revision of the administrative framework dealing with infrastructure and revision of the land construction process.
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