Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Heteropteran pests »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Heteropteran pests"
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Prado, Simone Souza, et Tiago Domingues Zucchi. « Host-Symbiont Interactions for Potentially Managing Heteropteran Pests ». Psyche : A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/269473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Insects in the suborder Heteroptera, the so-called true bugs, include over 40,000 species worldwide. This insect group includes many important agricultural pests and disease vectors, which often have bacterial symbionts associated with them. Some symbionts have coevolved with their hosts to the extent that host fitness is compromised with the removal or alteration of their symbiont. The first bug/microbial interactions were discovered over 50 years ago. Only recently, mainly due to advances in molecular techniques, has the nature of these associations become clearer. Some researchers have pursued the genetic modification (paratransgenesis) of symbionts for disease control or pest management. With the increasing interest and understanding of the bug/symbiont associations and their ecological and physiological features, it will only be a matter of time before pest/vector control programs utilize this information and technique. This paper will focus on recent discoveries of the major symbiotic systems in Heteroptera, highlighting how the understanding of the evolutionary and biological aspects of these relationships may lead to the development of alternative techniques for efficient heteropteran pest control and suppression of diseases vectored by Heteroptera.
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Ye, Fei, Hu Li et Qiang Xie. « Mitochondrial Genomes from Two Specialized Subfamilies of Reduviidae (Insecta : Hemiptera) Reveal Novel Gene Rearrangements of True Bugs ». Genes 12, no 8 (26 juillet 2021) : 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081134.
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Reduviidae, a hyper-diverse family, comprise 25 subfamilies with nearly 7000 species and include many natural enemies of crop pests and vectors of human disease. To date, 75 mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of assassin bugs from only 11 subfamilies have been reported. The limited sampling of mitogenome at higher categories hinders a deep understanding of mitogenome evolution and reduviid phylogeny. In this study, the first mitogenomes of Holoptilinae (Ptilocnemus lemur) and Emesinae (Ischnobaenella hainana) were sequenced. Two novel gene orders were detected in the newly sequenced mitogenomes. Combined 421 heteropteran mitogenomes, we identified 21 different gene orders and six gene rearrangement units located in three gene blocks. Comparative analyses of the diversity of gene order for each unit reveal that the tRNA gene cluster trnI-trnQ-trnM is the hotspot of heteropteran gene rearrangement. Furthermore, combined analyses of the gene rearrangement richness of each unit and the whole mitogenome among heteropteran lineages confirm Reduviidae as a ‘hot-spot group’ of gene rearrangement in Heteroptera. The phylogenetic analyses corroborate the current view of phylogenetic relationships between basal groups of Reduviidae with high support values. Our study provides deeper insights into the evolution of mitochondrial gene arrangement in Heteroptera and the early divergence of reduviids.
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DURSUN, AHMET, et MERAL FENT. « Type Localities of Heteroptera (Insecta : Hemiptera) from Turkey ». Zootaxa 4227, no 4 (6 février 2017) : 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4227.4.1.
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The Heteroptera (Hemiptera) fauna of the Palaearctic Region is represented by 9365 species belonging to 1632 genera of which 1349 species belonging to 469 genera are also recorded from Turkey. Type localities of 237 species are in Turkey of which 108 species and 4 subspecies are endemic for the Heteroptera fauna of Turkey, indicating the importance of the country as a refugium, genetic hotspot and dispersal centre during pleistocene glaciation. Some heteroptera are important in agriculture as predators used in biological control or as ectoparasits and pests on plants. Most heteropteran species are phytophagous feeding on leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds and shoots and cause economic damage. The suborder Heteroptera comprises aquatic, semi-aquatic and terrestrial species.
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Gomes, Mariana Oliveira, Márcia Maria Urbanin Castanhole, Hederson Vinicius de Souza, Aline Sumitani Murakami, Tatiani Seni de Souza Firmino, Priscila Samara Saran, Cecilia Artico Banho, Leticia da Silva Monteiro, Jocielly Cristina Pereira da Silva et Mary Massumi Itoyama. « Morphological aspects of the testes of 18 species of terrestrial of Heteroptera from Northwestern São Paulo (Brazil) ». Biota Neotropica 13, no 3 (septembre 2013) : 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032013000300016.
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The Heteroptera are known for their odour, for being pests or for being disease carriers. However, they are still not extensively studied, perhaps because they form a very large group. Therefore, with the aim of enhancing the knowledge of the morphology of the testes of this insect order, we collected and analysed 18 species of terrestrial Heteroptera from the northwestern part of São Paulo. The analysis of these species revealed some differences between the testicles of these species, including their shape (elongated, oval, round or pecten), the morphology of the testicular lobes (elongated and paired side by side or united in a single region), the colours of the peritoneal sheath that surrounds the lobes (red, orange, yellow or translucent), and the number of testicular lobes (one, two, four, five, six or seven). Because the aspects analysed were highly variable, our study suggests a need for further analysis of Heteropteran testicular morphological differences.
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Li, Xinyu, Li Tian, Hu Li et Wanzhi Cai. « Ultrastructural Variations of Antennae and Labia Are Associated with Feeding Habit Shifts in Stink Bugs (Heteroptera : Pentatomidae) ». Biology 10, no 11 (10 novembre 2021) : 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10111161.
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The family Pentatomidae (stink bugs) is one of the largest groups in Heteroptera, containing many important pests and natural enemies. They exhibit highly diversified feeding habits and related structural modifications, but the key morphological characteristics associated with feeding habit radiation remain unclear. In the current study, we address this question by analyzing morphological variations of feeding related organs. We compare the ultrastructures of antennae and mouthparts across the chosen 17 species in Pentatomidae, representing both plant feeders and predators from four subfamilies. A strong association between ultrastructural adaptation and feeding habit transition has been revealed. The long, sharp, and hook-like mandibular teeth and maxillary barbs are exclusively present in predatory Pentatomidae, suggesting their tight association with the shift of feeding habit from phytophagy to predation. Significant differences between phytophagous and predatory species are also found in antennal and labial sensilla types and arrangements, implying their important function in food selection. Our data identify a series of key morphological structures associated with feeding habit variations among stink bugs, which will facilitate future studies on adaptive evolution of feeding habits, utilization, and population control of economic species in Pentatomidae as well as in other heteropteran lineages.
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Gibicsár, Szilvia, et Sándor Keszthelyi. « Topographical Based Significance of Sap-Sucking Heteropteran in European Wheat Cultivations : A Systematic Review ». Diversity 15, no 1 (13 janvier 2023) : 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15010109.
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Sap sucking heteropteran cereal bugs—members of the Eurygaster and Aelia genus—are serious pests of wheat. Moreover, they feed on a variety of gramineous plant species, including rye, barley, oat, maize, and millet. They are widely distributed in the European continent. The purpose of this review paper is two-fold; it summarizes the currently available data on the biological characteristics, the inflicted damage, and their European distribution and, in addition, we aimed to determine their economic importance, based on data available in the current literature. For the most important cereal bug species, we have collected data on their occurrence in Europe to provide a comprehensive picture of their distribution, and characterized them according to their temperature requirements at different life stages. We have also determined the degree of their attachment to wheat as their host plant, examining the synchronization between the pests and the life cycle of the plant. Finally, we compared their migration characteristics. All the above-mentioned characteristics were merged, in order to assess and rank the damage potential of each species.
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C., Mohan, Pawankumar G, Rajeswar Rao, Raj Kumar Mishra et Shashikiran Barve. « Predatory Potential of Canthecona furcellata (Pentatomidae : Hemiptera) Against Key Defoliator Pests of Teak in Nursery and Chik Pea under Field Conditions ». Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28, no 08 (2022) : S141—S143. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i08s.022.
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Canthecona furcellata (Wolff.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is important biological control agents of many Lepidopteron, Coleopteran and Heteropteran insects. This predatory behavior of the species, this is a promising biological control agent for insect pests of agriculture and forest ecosystem. The nursery and field experiments were conducted to find out the predation potential of E. furcellata. The results revealed that maximum 93.66% predation was recorded on larvae of E. macheralis followed by 89.0 and 84.39% on larvae of H.puera and H. armigera respectively. Therefore, E. furcellata could be utilised effectively against E. machaeralis under field conditions, moreover, H. puera and H. armigera could be employed as laboratory hosts for mass rearing of E. furcellata.
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Riddick, E. W., G. Dively et P. Barbosa. « Season-Long Abundance of Generalist Predators in Transgenic versus Nontransgenic Potato Fields2 ». Journal of Entomological Science 35, no 4 (1 octobre 2000) : 349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-35.4.349.
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We estimated the effect of deploying Cry3A-transgenic potatoes resistant to the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), on the season-long relative abundance of naturally-occurring generalist predators. Low inputs of foliar insecticides were used in the transgenic fields to suppress nontarget pests and in the nontransgenic fields to prevent total defoliation of potato plants by L. decemlineata. Dominant plant-foraging heteropteran predators and lady beetles were sampled by sweeping foliage, whereas, ground-foraging carnivorous carabids, ants, and spiders were sampled by trapping in pitfalls. Orius insidiosus (Say) was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more abundant in transgenic treatment fields than in nontransgenic fields in 1994, but not in 1995. None of the coccinellids (3 taxa) were affected by the treatments in either season. The carnivorous carabids (3 taxa) and ants were not affected by either treatment, but spiders were significantly more abundant in the transgenic treatment fields in 1995. We conclude that the deployment of pure stands of Cry3A-transgenic potatoes, with a minimum input of insecticides to suppress non-target pests, will have no deleterious effects on the populations of generalist predators in the potato ecosystem.
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Dios, Rodrigo de V. P., Joachim Ziegler et Theo Zeegers. « The American genus Trichopoda (Diptera : Tachinidae) in Europe – Decades of a misidentified invasive species) ». Beiträge zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71, no 2 (31 décembre 2021) : 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.2.221-225.
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Despite its importance for biological control of heteropteran pests (Hemiptera) and remarkable features, the taxonomy of the genus Trichopoda remained confusing for a long time. Due to a recent taxonomic revision, new information about its species real distribution and host records were found out. An invasive species of the genus has been recorded for Europe for decades, but it has been misidentified as Trichopoda (Galactomyia) pennipes for a long time. Here we present the correct name for that alien species, Trichopoda (Galactomyia) pictipennis. Some comments about the identification of Trichopoda species introduced in other areas, such as Australia, are also made. The correct species identification, as well as the correct host records, is crucial for future studies regarding biological control, and to under-stand the possible impacts that this invasive species could cause to the local environment.
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Fan, Shiyu, Chao Chen, Qing Zhao, Jiufeng Wei et Hufang Zhang. « Identifying Potentially Climatic Suitability Areas for Arma custos (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae) in China under Climate Change ». Insects 11, no 10 (4 octobre 2020) : 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11100674.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Spodoptera frugiperda is a notorious pest that feeds on more than 80 crops, and has spread over 100 countries. Many biological agents have been employed to regulate it, such as Arma custos. A. custos is a polyphagous predatory heteropteran, which can effectively suppress several agricultural and forest pests. Thus, in order to understand where A. custos can survive and where can be released, MaxEnt was used to predict the potentially suitable areas for A. custos in China under climate change conditions. The results show that the annual mean temperature (bio1) and annual precipitation (bio12) are the major factors influencing the distribution of A. custos. The optimal range of the two are 7.5 to 15 °C, 750 to 1200 mm, respectively. The current climate is highly suitable for A. custos in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang Provinces. Considering the currently suitable distribution area of S. frugiperda, artificially reared A. custos is suitable for release in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, and southeastern Sichuan Provinces. Under the future climatic scenarios, the suitable area will decrease and shift towards the north. Overall, this result can provide a reference framework for future application of A. custos for biological control.
Thèses sur le sujet "Heteropteran pests"
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Saha, Biswajit. « Effect of diet components on the postembryonic development and reproductive biology of some seed-freeding polyphagous heteropteran pests (Hemipetra : Insecta ) ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1004.
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Bugaj-Nawrocka, Agnieszka. « Zgrupowania lądowych pluskwiaków różnoskrzydłych (Hemiptera : Heteroptera) wybranych zbiorowisk roślinnych Wzgórz Trzebnickich ». Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5752.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Heteroptera are a monophyletic group of insects classified in the Hemiptera order. They are distinguished by the varied construction of the wings of the first and second pair, the stingily-sucking mouthpiece and the presence of the gula on the ventral side of the head. Most of the comprehensive work which analyzes the composition of Heteroptera species in plant communities refers to protected areas. There are a few studies focusing on the true bugs fauna within agricultural areas. These areas include the Trzebnickie Hills, which form a range of stacked terminal glacial moraine, which constitute the mesoregion that is the central part of the Trzebnicki Shaft. The morphological and topoclimatic diversity of the Trzebnickie Hills area makes the vegetation varied and well sunlit slopes are used for orchard and vegetable cultivation. This area has been explored in terms of heteropterofauna only fragmentarily, which was the basis for conducting a faunistic study of it.
Research of terrestrial true bugs fauna was conducted in 2012-2014, on 23 research plots in the area of the municipalities of Oborniki Śląskie, Trzebnica and Wisznia Mała. Several methods have been applied to the collection of true bugs, the most effective of which has beed found to be the bucket. To analyze the collected research material, indicators of species diversity have been used, as well as comparative analysis of clusters of true bugs inhabiting different areas and ecological and chorological analysis. The material collected in the Trzebnickie Hills was designated to 188 species of terrestrial Heteroptera, belonging to 16 families and 118 genera. In total, one new species for the fauna of Poland – Psallus albicinctus and 128 new species for the fauna of the Trzebnickie Hills have been shown.
The trophic analysis showed a similar proportion of polyphagous species to mono- and oligophagous species. On the other hand, the chorological analysis showed that the palearctic, eurosyberian and western-palearctic elements were the most represented ones. Based on the analyses, two main groups of true bugs communities associated with selected phytocoenosis were identified. In addition, in the landscape dominated by agrocenoses, an increased number of pests has been observed.
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Roy, Somnath. « Evolution of the levels of insecticide susceptibility of helopeltis theivora waterhouse (Heteroptera : miridae) and development of an efficacious strategy for management of the pest in dooars tea plantation of North Bengal ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1563.
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Haas, Jucelaine. « Toxicidade de extratos vegetais ao percevejo bronzeado do eucalipto Thaumastocoris peregrinus (hemiptera : heteroptera : thaumastocoridae) e organismos não-alvo ». Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1628.
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CAPES; CNPqThaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) é um inseto originário da Austrália que está causando sérios danos à cultura do eucalipto ao redor do mundo. Ao alimentar-se da seiva das folhas, causa seu bronzeamento, podendo levar à desfolha. Medidas de controle estão sendo estudadas e a mais promissora é o parasitoide de ovos Cleruchoides noackae (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Produtos alternativos a base de compostos provenientes de plantas com potencial inseticida também poderiam ser uma ferramenta importante, e talvez serem utilizados concomitantemente com o parasitoide, visando um controle mais efetivo. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ação dos extratos aquosos de Matricaria chamomilla, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Punica granatum, Maytenus ilicifolia e Origanum majorana a 5% sobre T. peregrinus. Além disso, estudar sua possível toxicidade contra C. noackae e Gallus domesticus L., tendo em vista que estes compostos podem ter efeito negativo indesejado sobre organismos não alvo. Em uma primeira etapa, cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC) foi utilizada para verificar os compostos fenólicos presentes nos extratos. Os extratos, então, foram testados sobre percevejo adultos, em confinamento (para verificar a ação inseticida) e teste de livre escolha (para verificar a ação repelente). Os três extratos que mostraram melhores resultados foram selecionados para os testes com os organismos não alvo. Com relação à C. noackae, testes pré e pós-parasitismo, de confinamento e de livre-escolha foram realizados para verificar se os extratos afetariam a escolha do hospedeiro pelas fêmeas ou o desenvolvimento das fases imaturas do parasitoide. Para verificar se os extratos seriam tóxicos a G. domesticus, estes foram adicionados à dieta de aves juvenis por cinco dias. Parâmetros como peso, consumo de alimento, quantificação de enzimas séricas e análise histopatológica foram realizados. Por meio das análises cromatográficas, foram detectados os ácidos gálico, ferúlico, cafeico, cumárico e vanílico. Os extratos levaram à mortalidade de 100% dos insetos em até 49% do tempo, quando comparados com a testemunha, mas E. grandiflorus, Matricaria chamomilla e Maytenus ilicifolia destacaram-se mostrando efeito repelente, sendo selecionados para a próxima etapa. Nenhum destes afetou a escolha do hospedeiro pela fêmea ou a emergência dos parasitoides, quando comparado com a testemunha. Além disso, os extratos não causaram alterações em G. domesticus, em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. Desta forma, verificou-se que E. grandiflorus, Matricaria chamomilla e Maytenus ilicifolia têm potencial para serem utilizados no controle de T. peregrinus, bem como mostraram-se seguros para C. noackae e G. domesticus.
Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae ) is an insect from Australia which is causing severe damage to eucalyptus crops around the world. When feeding from the leaves sap, it causes bronzening, and in extreme cases, may lead to the tree death. Control methods have been studied and the most promising so far is the egg parasitoid Cleruchoides noackae (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Alternative products from plants with insecticidal properties could also be a viable option, and they might even be used concomitantly with C. noackae, aiming for a most effective control, but still safe for the environment. Thus, the objective of this work was to verify the action of 5% aqueous plant extracts of Matricaria chamomilla, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Punica granatum, Maytenus ilicifolia a n d Origanum majorana on T. peregrinus. In addition, we aimed to study the extracts potential toxicity to C. noackae and Gallus domesticus L., since the plant compounds might have negative effect upon the non-target organisms. At first, HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) was used to verify which phenolic compounds would be found in the plant extracts. These were tested on bronze bug adults, in confinement test (to verify the insecticidal action of the extracts) and free-choice test (to verify the repellency). The extracts that showed better results were selected for further tests with non-target organisms. Regarding C. noackae, pre-parasitism and post-parasitism, confinement and free-choice tests were performed to verify if the extracts would affect the host-choosing by the female or the development of the immature stages of the parasitoid. To verify if the extracts would be toxic to G. domesticus, the plant extracts were added to young birds feed for five days. Parameters such as weight gain, food intake, quantification of serum enzymes and histopathological analysis were carried out. HPLC analysis detected gallic, ferulic, vanillic, caffeic and cumaric acid in the extracts samples. All plant extracts tested reduced T. peregrinus survival, but E. grandiflorus, Matricaria chamomilla Maytenus ilicifolia had also a repellent effect, and were tested on the non-target organisms. None of these extracts affected neither the host choice by C. noackae nor adult emergency, when compared to the control group. In addition, the extracts did not cause alterations in any of the studied parameters. Thus, we verified that E. grandiflorus, Matricaria chamomilla and Maytenus ilicifolia have potential to be used to control T. peregrinus and are safe to C. noackae and G. domesticus.
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Romero, Alvaro. « BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE BED BUG, Cimex lectularius L. (HETEROPTERA : CIMICIDAE) ». UKnowledge, 2009. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/762.
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The near absence of bed bugs from human dwellings for fifty or more years has left us with limited knowledge of its biology and few answers to eliminate populations. I explored a diverse set of objectives to answer key questions concerning bed bug biology and control. Major objectives were studies of circadian rhythmicity, pyrethroid resistance, sublethal effects of insecticides, synergism of pyrethroids, and evaluation of a pyrrole insecticides, chlorfenapyr. Additional studies included persistence of Borrelia in bed bugs after ingestion, and aggregation factors from feces.
In the absence of host stimuli, insects were much more active in the dark than in the light. Nocturnal activity was periodical under continuous light conditions, which indicates that locomotion is endogenously generated by a circadian clock. Circadian rhythm was entrained to reverse dark-light regimes. Short–term starved adults moved more frequently than long-starved adults. These results suggest that starved bugs reduce locomotor activity as a strategy to conserve metabolic reserves.
Pyrethroid resistance in C. lectularius was documented for the first time. Extremely high levels of resistance to deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin, was detected in populations collected in Kentucky and Ohio. The resistance ratios reported are among the highest documented in any arthropod. Evaluations of more than 20 populations from across the United States indicate that resistance to pyrethroid insecticides is widespread.
Bed bugs avoided resting on surfaces treated with deltamethrin but not with chlorfenapyr. Video recordings of bed bugs showed that insects increased their activity when they contacted sublethal doses of deltamethrin. However, harborages treated with a deltamethrin remained attractive. A nearby heat source overcame avoidance to deltamethrin.
The P450 inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO) enhanced toxicity of deltamethrin to resistant bed bugs. However, the residual resistance after PBO treatment indicated that other resistance mechanisms are involved. The effectiveness of combining PBO with pyrethroids varied among populations, which indicates that this synergist is not a comprehensive solution to pyrethroid resistance. Chlorfenapyr was effective against pyrethroid resistant strains. While it does not cause quick knockdown, long residual activity and no avoidance behavior to dry residues appears to make this insecticide a useful tool for bed bug control.
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Brown, Lydia Marie, et Lydia Marie Brown. « Biology, Ecology, and Economics of Brown Stink Bug, Euschistus servus (Heteroptera : Pentatomidae), in Desert Cotton Agroecosystems ». Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625340.
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Brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is a recently re-emerged pest of cotton in Arizona. It has been present in southwestern desert-grown cotton since at least the early 1900’s, but dropped from primary pest status in the latter half of the twentieth century. Farmers and pest managers did not perceive it as a primary or economic pest until 2011, when elevated numbers of brown stink bugs were reported in isolated valleys of Arizona and southeastern California. Reports increased and became more widespread in the following years. In response to increased abundance of brown stink bug and corresponding cotton boll injury, research was needed to provide information to cotton farmers. First, pest managers needed information on which factors affect the susceptibility of cotton bolls to stink bug feeding (chapter 1). Young bolls are most vulnerable to stink bug injury, and injury is sustained in the first four days of feeding. In addition, research was needed to determine the effects of currently available brown stink bug chemical controls on the broader integrated pest management system in Arizona cotton (chapter 2). Current chemical control options disrupt natural enemy communities, which results in outbreaks and resurgences of other cotton pests. The negative outcomes and additional costs outweigh the benefits of brown stink bug management.
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Atiama, Morguen. « Bioécologie et diversité génétique d'Orthops palus (Heteroptera, Miridae), ravageur du manguier à La Réunion ». Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0007/document.
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La culture du manguier à La Réunion est confrontée à un cortège de bioagresseurs, dont la punaise Orthops palus (Heteroptera, Miridae). Cette espèce est uniquement signalée en Ouganda et à La Réunion mais n'est considérée comme ravageur du manguier qu'à La Réunion. Peu d'études ont donc été consacrées à cet insecte, ce qui est à l'origine du manque de connaissance sur ce ravageur. L'objectif général de cette thèse est l'acquisition de connaissances sur O. palus. Il se décline en plusieurs objectifs spécifiques. Il s'agit, dans un premier temps, de caractériser la diversité de mirides présentes dans les vergers de manguiers de La Réunion. Dans un deuxième temps, l'objectif est de caractériser le cycle biologique d'O. palus et les interactions insecte-plantes. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, le dernier objectif consiste à étudier la distribution et la diversité génétique de l'espèce à La Réunion et dans la zone sud-ouest de l'océan Indien (SOOI). Les principaux résultats de la thèse sont les suivants. La miridofaune des vergers de manguiers a été étudiée et, parmi les 13 espèces de mirides recensées, O. palus est l'espèce la plus abondante sur les inflorescences du manguier lors de sa floraison. Pour identifier O. palus au laboratoire et la reconnaître sur le terrain, trois outils originaux ont été construits (une clé d'identification, des séquences du Cytochrome c Oxydase I et une fiche de reconnaissance sur le terrain). Un élevage d'O. palus a été mis au point ; il a permis de caractériser son cycle biologique et de mesurer les durées de développement des différents stades. Parallèlement, l'inventaire in situ des plantes hôtes d'O. palus (15 espèces à La Réunion) a montré le caractère polyphage de espèce. Les études sur la diversité et la structuration génétique d'O. palus dans les îles du SOOI ont apporté des résultats importants. À La Réunion, la population d'O. palus est structurée en deux clusters, mais les facteurs structurant n'ont pu être totalement identifiés. À Maurice, une seule population est recensée et demeure différente de celles de La Réunion. Aucune race d'hôte n'a été mise en évidence, ni à La Réunion, ni à Maurice. Des flux de populations, dans les deux sens, ont été mis en évidence entre ces deux îles. Enfin, l'analyse de la diversité de l'ADN mitochondrial sur des individus prélevés sur quatre îles du SOOI (La Réunion, Maurice, Mayotte, Grande Comore) montre la présence d'au moins sept haplotypes dont la distribution confirme les échanges inter-îles. La dynamique spatiale et temporelle de l'insecte en relation avec sa stratégie de passage de l'année ainsi que les flux de populations à l'échelle du SOOI font l'objet de discussions transversales. Les résultats montrent qu'au-delà d'être une punaise s'attaquant uniquement au manguier, comme son nom le suggérait jusqu'à présent, O. palus est surtout une "Punaise des fleurs", susceptible de se maintenir toute l'année en se déplaçant, selon la disponibilité des ressources alimentaires, de plante en fleur à plante en fleur. Parmi les plantes participant à sa dynamique annuelle, plusieurs sont des plantes d'intérêt économique (letchi, jujubier, avocatier). Diverses perspectives de recherche sont proposées pour compléter les connaissances déjà acquises sur O. palus, notamment la compréhension des processus de dispersion des populations à l'échelle de l'agroécosystème, la vérification de la présence d'O. palus dans d'autres territoires du SOOI et l'étude de sa diversité génétique dans cette même région. Enfin, à la lumière des résultats acquis dans la thèse, des propositions de gestion agroécologique des populations d'O. palus à l'échelle locale, ainsi que des recommandations sur les mesures de précaution à prendre pour éviter les flux de populations entre les pays de l'océan Indien sont faitesMango crops in Reunion Island are threatened by a series of pests, including the bug Orthops palus (Heteroptera, Miridae). This species has only been reported in Uganda and Reunion Island but is considered pest of mango only in Reunion Island. Few studies have therefore been devoted to this bug, which explains the lack of knowledge concerning this pest. The overall aim of my thesis was to acquire knowledge about O. palus, and several specific objectives were pursued. The first was to characterize mirid diversity in the mango orchards of Reunion Island. The second was to characterize the life cycle of O. palus and insect-plant interactions. The third objective was to study the distribution and genetic diversity of the species in Reunion Island and on other islands in the south-west Indian Ocean (SWIO).The main results of these studies are: among the 13 species identified in the community of mirids in mango orchards, O. palus was the most abundant on the mango inflorescences when in flower. Three original tools were built to identify O. palus in the laboratory and to recognize the species in the field: an identification key, COI sequences, and a field recognition card). A method was developed to rear O. palus, which enabled the characterization of its life cycle and the length of the development stages. Meanwhile, the inventory of in situ host plants (15 species in Reunion Island) showed that O. palus is polyphagous. Studies of the diversity and genetic structure of O. palus in SWIO islands also provided significant results. In Reunion Island, the population is structured in two clusters, although the structural factors could not be fully identified. In Mauritius, one cluster was identified and was shown to be different from the clusters in Reunion Island. No host race was found either in Reunion Island or in Mauritius. Population movements in both directions between the two islands were highlighted. Finally, the analysis of the mitochondrial DNA diversity of individuals sampled on four SWIO islands (Reunion, Mauritius, Mayotte, Grande Comore) revealed the presence of at least seven haplotypes whose distribution confirmed exchanges between islands.The dynamics of O. palus in space and over time are discussed in connection with its survival strategy over the course of the year and with population flows across SWIO. The results showed that beyond being a bug that attacks only the mango tree, as the name strongly suggests, O. palus is rather a "flower bug" likely to maintain populations throughout the year by moving from one flowering plant to another according to food availability. Among the plants involved in the annual dynamics of the insect, several species beside mango are of economic interest (lychee, jujube, avocado). Several research topics are proposed to complete the knowledge already acquired on O. palus, including understanding of population dispersion processes at the scale of the agro-ecosystem, and evaluating the presence and the genetic diversity of O. palus in other SWOI territories. Finally, agroecological practices for the local management of O. palus populations are proposed based on the results of the studies that comprise the present dissertation. Recommendations are made for precautionary measures to prevent the flow of O. palus populations between countries located in the Indian Ocean
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Nascimento, Luis Gustavo Grijota. « Investigação da ocorrência de infestação por Cimidae (Heteroptera : Cimicomorpha) na região metropolitana de São Paulo, no período de 2004 a 2009 ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-08112010-150433/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Introdução: Os percevejos de cama são insetos hematófagos pertencentes à família Cimicidae e à ordem Hemiptera. Algumas das espécies desse grupo despertam interesse em Saúde Pública por apresentarem comportamento antropofílico. Atualmente verifica-se uma reemergência das infestações de percevejos de cama em diversas localidades do mundo, principalmente em grandes cidades, já que estas constituem ambientes propícios para sua instalação e proliferação, pois recebem ou abrigam grande número de indivíduos que atuam como fontes de alimentação. Objetivos: Descrever a atual situação das infestações por insetos da família Cimicidae na região Metropolitana de São Paulo, no período de 2004 a 2009. Métodos: estudo descritivo baseado em registros de ocorrência de cimicídeos fornecidos por empresas privadas de controle de pragas e por órgãos públicos de vigilância, pesquisa e controle sediados na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Identificação de espécies de cimicídeos recebidas no Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública da Faculdade de Saúde Pública, em decorrência de coletas realizadas na região estudada. Resultados: Foram recebidos 369 registros de ocorrência de cimicídeos, sendo 325 provenientes do município de São Paulo e o restante dos municípios vizinhos à capital. As residências somaram 181 registros ou 68,04 por cento dos casos, enquanto as infestações ocorridas em estabelecimentos comerciais e/ou de serviço foram responsáveis por 85 registros (31,95 por cento). Cimex lectularius foi a espécie predominante, sendo responsável por 262 registros (92,25 por cento), enquanto Cimex hemipterus foi apontado em apenas um registro (0,35 por cento). Os registros do município de São Paulo mostraram uma correlação positiva significativa entre padrões socioeconômicos mais elevados e alto número de ocorrências registradas. Um total de 354 espécimes coletados na região metropolitana de São Paulo foi recebido pelo laboratório entre abril de 2008 e dezembro de 2009. Todas as amostras recebidas foram identificadas como sendo de C. lectularius. Conclusões: Ficou evidenciado que ocorrem infestações regulares por cimicídeos na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Os registros de ocorrência de infestações estão, no entanto, concentrados às regiões socioeconomicamente mais favorecidas do município de São Paulo. A subnotificação das infestações é uma realidade, o que minimiza a gravidade do quadro apresentadoIntroduction: The bed bugs are hematophagous insects belonging to the family Cimicidae and to the order Hemiptera. Some of the species of this group draw attention in Public Health because they have anthropophilic behavior. We observe the resurgence of bed bug infestations in many different places all over the world, especially in big cities, once they are very propense environment for its installation and proliferation due to the fact that there are many individuals living there. Aims: The aim of this research is to describe the real situation of infestations by Cimicidae insects in the metropolitan region of São Paulo from 2004 to 2009. Methodology: this is a descriptive study based on the registries of occurrences provided by private companies specialized in pest control and public departments of control and research in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. Identification of the Cimicidae insects received, resulting from collections in the region. Results: Were received 369 registries of bed bug occurrences in the period, 325 of those belonging to the city of São Paulo. Registries of infestations in houses were 181, corresponding to 68,04per cent of the cases. Registries of infestations in business organizations were 85, corresponding to 31,95per cent. Cimex lectularius was the predominant species with 262 registries, corresponding to 92,25per cent. Cimex hemipterus was mencioned only once (0,35per cent). Registries in São Paulo show a very positive correlation between high social and economical standards and a high number of registries of occurrences. LESP received 354 samples collected in RMSP from April 2008 to December 2009, all of them identified as C. lectularius. Conclusion: It was evident that there are very regular bed bug infestations in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. Registries are concentrated in the high social and economical standards regions of the city of São Paulo. Social and behavior patterns influence the notifications. Lack of notification happens and that minimizes the problemThe bed bugs are hematophagous insects belonging to the family Cimicidae and to the order Hemiptera. Some of the species of this group draw attention in Public Health because they have anthropophilic behavior. We observe the resurgence of bed bug infestations in many different places all over the world, especially in big cities, once they are very propense environment for its installation and proliferation due to the fact that there are many individuals living there. Aims: The aim of this research is to describe the real situation of infestations by Cimicidae insects in the metropolitan region of São Paulo from 2004 to 2009. Methodology: this is a descriptive study based on the registries of occurrences provided by private companies specialized in pest control and public departments of control and research in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. Identification of the Cimicidae insects received, resulting from collections in the region. Results: Were received 369 registries of bed bug occurrences in the period, 325 of those belonging to the city of São Paulo. Registries of infestations in houses were 181, corresponding to 68,04% of the cases. Registries of infestations in business organizations were 85, corresponding to 31,95%. Cimex lectularius was the predominant species with 262 registries, corresponding to 92,25%. Cimex hemipterus was mencioned only once (0,35%). Registries in São Paulo show a very positive correlation between high social and economical standards and a high number of registries of occurrences. LESP received 354 samples collected in RMSP from April 2008 to December 2009, all of them identified as C. lectularius. Conclusion: It was evident that there are very regular bed bug infestations in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. Registries are concentrated in the high social and economical standards regions of the city of São Paulo. Social and behavior patterns influence the notifications. Lack of notification happens and that minimizes the problem.
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Basnet, Kumar. « Enzyme-based detection of pesticide tolerance in the sucking tea pest, helopeltis theivora waterhouse (insecta : heteroptera : miridae) with a study on bio-ecological aspects of its common spider predator from the terai tea plantations of Darjeeling foothills and plains ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2626.
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Baars, Jan-Robert. « Biological control initiatives against Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) in South Africa : an assessment of the present status of the programme, and an evaluation of Coelocephalapion camarae Kissinger (Coleoptera : Brentidae) and Falconia intermedia (Distant) (Heteroptera : Miridae), two new candidate natural enemies for release on the weed ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005329.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Lantana camara (lantana), a thicket-forming shrub, a number of different varieties of which were introduced into South Africa as ornamental plants but which has become a serious invasive weed. Conventional control measures for lantana are expensive and ineffective and it has therefore been targeted for biological control since 1961. To date, eleven biological control agent species have become established on lantana in South Africa. However, most agents persist at low densities and only occasionally impact plant populations. Three species regularly cause significant damage, but only reach sufficiently high numbers by midsummer after populations crash during the winter. Overall, the impact of the biological control programme on the weed is negligible and this has been ascribed to the poor selection of agents for release, the accumulation of native parasitoids, differences in insect preference for different varieties of the weed and variable climatic conditions over the weed’s range. This study suggests that the importance of varietal preferences has been over-estimated. A predictive bioclimatic modelling technique showed that most of the agents established in South Africa have a wide climatic tolerance and that the redistribution and importation of new climatypes of these agents will not improve the level of control. Additional agents are required to improve the biocontrol in the temperate conditions, and also to increase damage in the sub-tropical areas where most of the agents are established and where the weed retains its leaves year round. New candidate agents that possess biological attributes that favour a high intrinsic rate of increase, a high impact per individual and that improve the synchrony between the weed and the agent in climatic conditions that promote the seasonal leaflessness of plants should receive prior consideration. A survey in Jamaica indicated that additional biological control agents are available in the region of origin but that care should be taken to prioritise the most effective agents. The various selection systems currently available in weed biocontrol produce contradictory results in the priority assigned to candidate agents and a new selection system is proposed. The biology and host range of two new candidate natural enemies, the leaf-galling weevil, Coelocephalapion camarae and the leaf-sucking mirid, Falconia intermedia were investigated for the biocontrol of lantana. The studies indicated that these have considerable biocontrol potential, in that the weevil has a wide climatic tolerance and has the potential to survive the host leaflessness typical of temperate conditions, while the mirid has a high intrinsic rate of increase, and the potential for several generations a year. Both agents caused a high level of damage to the leaves, with the weevil galling the vascular tissue in the leaf-petiole and the mirid causing chlorotic speckling of the leaves. During laboratory trials both agents accepted indigenous species in the genus Lippia. However, under multiple choice conditions these agents showed a significant and strong oviposition preference for lantana. A risk assessment and post release field trials indicated that F. intermedia is likely to attack some Lippia species in the presence of lantana, but the levels of damage are predicted to be relatively low. A possible low incidence of damage to indigenous species was considered a justifiable ‘trade-off’ for the potentially marked impact on L. camara. Preference and performance studies on the two candidate agents suggested that most of the South African lantana varieties are suitable host plants. The mirid preferred certain varieties in multiple choice experiments, but this is unlikely to affect its impact under field conditions. Permission for release was accordingly sought for both species. Finally, the challenges facing the biological control programme and the potential for improving the control of L. camara in South Africa are considered.
Livres sur le sujet "Heteropteran pests"
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W, Schaefer Carl, et Panizzi Antônio Ricardo, dir. Heteroptera of economic importance. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2000.
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Oscar, Alomar, Wiedenmann R. N et International Congress of Entomology (19th : 1992 : Peking, China), dir. Zoophytophagous Heteroptera : Implications for life history and integrated pest management. Lanham, Md : Entomological Society of America, 1996.
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Heteroptera of Economic Importance. CRC, 2000.
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Schaefer, Carl W., et Antonio Ricardo Panizzi. Heteroptera of Economic Importance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.
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Schaefer, Carl W., et Antonio Ricardo Panizzi. Heteroptera of Economic Importance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2000.
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Schaefer, Carl W., et Antônio Ricardo Panizzi. Heteroptera of Economic Importance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2000.
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(Editor), Oscar Alomar, et R. N. Wiedenmann (Editor), dir. Zoophytophagous Heteroptera : Implications for Life History and Integrated Pest Management (Proceedings Series). Entomological Society of America, 1999.
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Wetherill, Karen R. Structure, function, and analysis of Coleoptera and Heteroptera assemblages on two species of hazelnut in Oregon. 2000.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Heteropteran pests"
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Panizzi, Antônio Ricardo, Tiago Lucini et Paula Levin Mitchell. « Role of EPG in Developing and Assessing Control Methods for Heteropteran Crop Pests ». Dans Entomology in Focus, 131–50. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64674-5_7.
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Coyle, David R. « Tip, Shoot, Root, and Regeneration Pests ». Dans Forest Entomology and Pathology, 495–521. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11553-0_15.
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AbstractTree branches, shoot tips, and fine roots, are high in nutritive value and generally have comparatively lower amounts of defensive compounds than older tissues. These tree tissues are utilized by many different insect pests around the world. In some cases, these pests can cause loss of tissues, deformation, or even tree death. Many of these pests are native to the region in which they typically damage trees, and their damage is often confined to stressed or dying trees. However, sometimes these and other such pests can be non-native or even invasive, and can impact trees in new areas. Several tip, shoot, and root pests—typically coleopterans, heteropterans, and lepidopterans—can affect pines and hardwoods, both established trees and newly planted ones. In some cases, effective management strategies have been determined, while in others we know very little about potential management. This chapter will highlight several case studies from around the world where insect pests have impacted tree tips, roots, shoots, and/or regeneration. The causal agent will be discussed, as will any management strategies. Ultimately, careful monitoring and reporting can help forest managers be prepared for damage from these pests, and proper forest management will help ensure forests are resilient and resistant to insect pest damage.
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Vittum, Patricia J. « Hemipteran Pests : Suborder Heteroptera ». Dans Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada, 66–86. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747953.003.0006.
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This chapter looks at Hemipteran pests. Turfgrass-infesting chinch bugs are true bugs in the suborder Heteroptera, family Blissidae, subfamily Blissinae, originally known as the “chinch bug family.” The family Blissidae has about 50 genera and 400 species, fewer than 10 of which are economically important to humans. Four genera are found in North America, including 30 species that attack grasses and sedges, but only the genus Blissus contains serious turfgrass pests. Adult chinch bugs in the family Blissidae are elongate, usually four times as long as broad. Short-winged (brachypterous) and long-winged (macropterous) forms exist in numerous species. The chapter then considers the Blissus chinch bugs, the hairy chinch bug, the southern chinch bug, the western chinch bug, and the common chinch bug.
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« 6. Hemipteran Pests : Suborder Heteroptera ». Dans Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada, 66–86. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501747977-011.
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« Plant Bugs (Miridae) as Plant Pests ». Dans Heteroptera of Economic Importance, 59–106. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420041859-5.
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Wheeler, A., et Jr. « Plant Bugs (Miridae) as Plant Pests ». Dans Heteroptera of Economic Importance, 36–83. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420041859.ch3.
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Bueno, Vanda, et Joop VanLenteren. « Predatory Bugs (Heteroptera) ». Dans Insect Bioecology and Nutrition for Integrated Pest Management, 539–69. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b11713-25.
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Panizzi, Antônio, et Flávia Silva. « Seed-Sucking Bugs (Heteroptera) ». Dans Insect Bioecology and Nutrition for Integrated Pest Management, 295–324. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b11713-16.
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Wiedenmann, R. N., et L. T. Wilson. « Zoophytophagous Heteroptera : Summary and Future Research Needs ». Dans Zoophytophagous Heteroptera : Implications for Life History and Integrated Pest Management. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4182/vkqm1275.1996.190.
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Naranjo, Steven E., et Roberta L. Gibson. « Phytophagy in Predaceous Heteroptera : Effects on Life History and Population Dynamics ». Dans Zoophytophagous Heteroptera : Implications for Life History and Integrated Pest Management. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4182/vkqm1275.1996.57.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Heteropteran pests"
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Mitchell, Paula Levin. « Understanding the feeding behavior of some heteropteran crop pests ». Dans 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93702.
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Иванова, Раиса, Дина Елисовецкая et Я. Бриндза. « Инвазивный клоп Nezara Viridula L. (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) в Республике Молдова ». Dans International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.11.
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In the summer of 2020 on the plantations of Phytolacca americana L. (pokeberry) growing in the central zone of the Republic of Moldova, a new, economically dangerous pest species was discovered, known as the southern green stink bug or southern vegetable bug – Nezara viridula L. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). At both stages of bug development, larvae and adults seriously harm agricultural crops, ornamental and wild plants. The number of larvae was high and reached to 3-5 per pokeberry bunch. In the same field, N. viridula larvae and imago were also found on tomato and amaranth plants.
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Arnó, Judit. « The impact of polyphagous predators on invasive pests : The case of heteropterans in Mediterranean vegetable crops ». Dans 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.105610.
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