Articles de revues : « Gymnastics and impact with other sports »

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Serra, Laura, Sara Raimondi, Carlotta di Domenico, Silvia Maffei, Anna Lardone, Marianna Liparoti, Pierpaolo Sorrentino, Carlo Caltagirone, Laura Petrosini et Laura Mandolesi. « The beneficial effects of physical exercise on visuospatial working memory in preadolescent children ». AIMS Neuroscience 8, n^o 4 (2021) : 496–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/neuroscience.2021026.

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<abstract> <p>The relationship between physical exercise and improvement in specific cognitive domains in children and adolescents who play sport has been recently reported, although the effects on visuospatial abilities have not yet been well explored. This study is aimed at evaluating in school-age children practicing artistic gymnastics the visuospatial memory by using a table version of the Radial Arm Maze (table-RAM) and comparing their performances with those ones who do not play any sport. The visuospatial performances of 14 preadolescent girls practicing artistic gymnastics aged between 7 and 10 years and those of 14 preadolescent girls not playing any sport were evaluated in the table-RAM forced-choice paradigm that allows disentangling short-term memory from working memory abilities. Data showed that the gymnasts obtained better performances than control group mainly in the parameters evaluating working memory abilities, such as within-phase errors and spatial span. Our findings emphasizing the role of physical activity on cognitive performances impel to promote physical exercise in educational and recreational contexts as well as to analyse the impact of other sports besides gymnastics on cognitive functioning.</p> </abstract>

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Vesela Ivanova, Ivanova. « SPORTS PROFILE OF ELITE ATHLETES IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 14, n^o 1 (1 mars 2022) : 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.14.1.73-88.

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Elite athletes are competitors who combine in themselves exceptional talent, many years of hard work and distinctive psychological qualities. Highly qualified rhythmic gymnasts do not differ from this definition, as their sports profile includes all these characteristics. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology to create the sports profile of elite competitors in rhythmic gymnastics on the basis of current competitors from the USA, Singapore and Taiwan and to compare the obtained results. This could help us assess the current habits of these gymnasts, the positive or negative impact of those habits on their performance, and the necessary changes that need to be made to optimize the training process. The results of the current study and the statistical data processing from the conducted experiment showed that the three studied teams of elite athletes (total of 63 gymnasts) demonstrated strong commitment and engagement in the training process. Generally, the Singaporean and Taiwanese athletes had difficulties in communication with their coach and lagged behind in the development of technical qualities and mental skills for effective adaptation compared to their colleagues from the United States. At the same time, however, they showed a higher degree of self-awareness for improvement. On the other hand, the athletes from the US demonstrated shortcomings in Consistency in training. The numerical values also showed that some of the US athletes demonstrated limitations in the development of physical qualities which could affect their professional sports development in the future.

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Ivanova, Ivanova Vesela. « SPORTS PROFILE OF ELITE ATHLETES IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 14, n^o 1 (27 février 2022) : 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.14.1.73-83.

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Elite athletes are competitors who combine in themselves exceptional talent, many years of hard work and distinctive psychological qualities. Highly qualified rhythmic gymnasts do not differ from this definition, as their sports profile includes all these characteristics. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology to create the sports profile of elite competitors in rhythmic gymnastics on the basis of current competitors from the USA, Singapore and Taiwan and to compare the obtained results. This could help us assess the current habits of these gymnasts, the positive or negative impact of those habits on their performance, and the necessary changes that need to be made to optimize the training process. The results of the current study and the statistical data processing from the conducted experiment showed that the three studied teams of elite athletes (total of 63 gymnasts) demonstrated strong commitment and engagement in the training process. Generally, the Singaporean and Taiwanese athletes had difficulties in communication with their coach and lagged behind in the development of technical qualities and mental skills for effective adaptation compared to their colleagues from the United States. At the same time, however, they showed a higher degree of self-awareness for improvement. On the other hand, the athletes from the US demonstrated shortcomings in Consistency in training. The numerical values also showed that some of the US athletes demonstrated limitations in the development of physical qualities which could affect their professional sports development in the future.

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Heck, Kaysha, Giorgio Zeppieri, Michelle Bruner, Michael Moser, Kevin W. Farmer et Federico Pozzi. « Preseason Upper Extremity Range of Motion and Strength in Relation to In-Season Injuries in NCAA Division I Gymnasts ». Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 232596712097709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120977090.

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Background: Gymnastics is a demanding sport that places unique forces on the upper extremity. The repetitive nature of the sport and the high-impact forces involved may predispose the gymnast to overuse injuries. Risk factors for injuries in gymnastics are not well understood. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether preseason upper extremity range of motion (ROM) and strength differ between National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I collegiate gymnasts who sustain an in-season upper extremity injury and those who do not. We hypothesized that gymnasts who sustain an upper extremity injury would demonstrate reduced ROM and strength compared with noninjured gymnasts. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Over 4 seasons, from 2014 to 2018, a total of 15 female NCAA Division I collegiate gymnasts underwent preseason upper extremity ROM (shoulder: flexion, internal and external rotation; elbow: extension; wrist: extension) and strength (shoulder: internal and external rotation, and middle and lower trapezius) testing. Overuse upper extremity injuries were tracked in each subsequent season. Gymnasts were dichotomized into injured and noninjured groups, and a 2 × 2 analysis of variance was used to measure differences in preseason measures between the groups as well as within arms (injured vs noninjured arm for the injured group; dominant vs nondominant arm for the noninjured group). Results: A total of 12 overuse upper extremity injuries (10 shoulders; 2 wrist/forearm) occurred during 31 gymnast-seasons. There were no significant interactions for preseason ROM and strength measurements between groups (injured vs noninjured) or within arms (injured and noninjured arm for the injured group; dominant and nondominant arm for the noninjured group; P = .07). Conclusion: Preseason upper extremity ROM and strength were not different between gymnasts who sustained an in-season upper extremity overuse injury and those who did not. It is possible that ROM and strength measures used to screen other overhead athletes may not capture the unique features and requirements of gymnastics. Further, it may be challenging to discern differences in clinical measures of ROM and strength in gymnastics populations owing to the bilateral nature of the sport.

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Schiavon, Laurita Marconi, et Myrian Nunomura. « EDITORIAL ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 10, n^o 3 (1 octobre 2018) : 355–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.10.3.355-356.

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GYMNASTICS AT OLYMPIC GAMES In 2018, The Science of Gymnastics Journal has reached the first decade of existence! We must celebrate, as it is among the few scientific journals specific to one sport! We applaud its 10th anniversary with this special issue for October: Gymnastics at Olympic Games. Rio 2016 has gone, with many memories to recall, the exuberance performance of Simone Biles and Kohei Uchimura in women’s and men’s Artistic Gymnastics; Margarita Mamun in Rhythmic Gymnastics; and Uladzislau Hancharou and Rosanna Maclennan in women’s and men’s Trampoline. They were crowned absolute queens and kings, although there are many others who exhibited their best too. Gymnastics has been growing and evolving at each Olympic Cycle, new skills and combinations abound, and gymnasts seem to have no limits! However, this evolutionary trend in Gymnastics is partly owed to the science, and the gymnastics’ community knows well gymnasts could not reach that far without the support of science. This special edition adds 12 articles to the science of gymnastics from researchers of Brazil, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Germany, Portugal, Slovenia and the United States of America, who cover a variety of topics. Maja Pajek discusses the influence of rules’ changes on the trend of higher difficulties and gymnasts’ specialization in Artistic Gymnastics, while investigating the performance of all-around medalists at individual apparatus finals. Ivan Čuk and Karmen Šibanc present the history of the development of Olympic Games all-around medallists and their success in reaching the podium on individual apparatus in Men’s Artistic Gymnastics. Ivana Montandon and Myrian Nunomura explored the experiences of older gymnasts (over 20 years of age) and the factors that contributed to the prolongation of their sports career in the high level of Women’s Artistic Gymnastics in Portugal. William Sands, Steven Murray, Jeni McNeal, Cindy Slater, and Michael Stone conducted an extended and updated analysis of the sizes trends of U.S. female Olympic artistic gymnasts including the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games. Flavio Bessi and Jan Pfeifer attempt to set a viable classification system to categorize the rotation habits of high-level artistic gymnasts in the Women’s Individual All Around finalists at the Olympic Games Rio 2016. Catarina Leandro analyzed the evolution of the apparatus difficulty in the Rhythmic Gymnastics in two Olympic cycles, as an attempt to identify eventual factors that could contribute to the improvement of performance in competition. Eliana Toledo, Mateus Oliveira, Maria Letícia Scarabelim and Bianca Assumpção analyzed the impact of the Rhythmic Gymnastics Code of Points (2013-2016) by allowing vocal music in routines, at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Laurita Schiavon and Bruna Locci analyzed the perspectives of Brazilian gymnasts on the experience of participating in the Olympic Games in the Women’s Artistic Gymnastics competition (1980-2004), using oral history in a qualitative research approach. Caroline Molinari, Vitor Costa, Kamau Monteiro and Myrian Nunomura analyzed the Brazilian Women’s Artistic Gymnastics team participation over the last four cycles (2004-2016) in order to identify and discuss the factors associated to the results and contributions to the development of this sport in the country. Marco Bortoleto, Paulo Carrara and Murilo Roveri analyzed the participation of the Brazilian trampoline gymnastics in the main international events as the World Championships and the Olympic Games. William Sands and Olyvia Donti characterized and analyzed the durations of careers of U.S. elite female gymnasts who had qualified for Olympic Games and World Championships teams and compare these with the team rank from 1936 to 2016. Sunčica Delaš Kalinski, Petra Mandić Jelaska and Almir Atiković examined the relative age effect (RAE) among Women’s and Men’s Artistic Gymnastics in the elite international gymnasts who competed at Olympic Games. After hosting the Olympic Games in our country (Brazil), we are very pleased as guest editors for this special issue. It was a unique opportunity to work with researchers from different countries and fields of study, and to realize how science can support the many gaps still to fulfil in the world of gymnastics. Articles also incited our reflection and foster much thought. We hope you will enjoy every article presented as we did. Special Guest Editors: Laurita Marconi Schiavon Myrian Nunomura

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Mkaouer, Bessem, Hounaida Akkari-Ghazouani, Samiha Amara, Raja Bouguezzi, Monèm Jemni et Helmi Chaabene. « Kinetic and Kinematic Analysis of Landing during Standing Back Somersault Using Three Technical Arm Swings in Artistic Gymnastics ». Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 8, n^o 1 (13 janvier 2023) : 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk8010010.

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The crucial criteria when assessing technical performance in artistic gymnastics is the higher elevation of the gymnast’s body and a stable landing (i.e., stick-landing). The purpose of this study was to compare kinetic and kinematic parameters during the landing phase of standing back somersaults (SBS) following three technical arm-swing performed during the preparatory phase in high-level male gymnasts. The three different arm-swing pertain to three “gymnastics schools”, i.e., Russian, Chinese, and Romanian. Six high-level male gymnasts participated in this study. Three arm-swing with different angles (i.e., SBS270°, SBS180°, and SBS90°) were randomly performed. A 3D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results showed significant variation in the landing angle (p = 0.009) across the three arm-swing techniques. The SBS90° arm-swing resulted in the closest angle to the vertical. Additionally, the SBS90° arm-swing technique induced the lowest horizontal and vertical force values upon landing compared to the other arm-swing techniques (SBS270°: p = 0.023 and 0.009, respectively; SBS180°: p = 0.004 and 0.080, respectively). The same was noted for the horizontal velocity (p = 0.021) with the lowest values noted for the SBS90° arm-swing technique. However, the best opening angle was observed during the SBS270° technique, since it presented the best vertical displacement. In conclusion, the SBS with a SBS90° arm-swing seems to favor a better absorption of the ground reaction force upon landing by reducing the intensity of the impact with the ground and by affording a landing angle closer to the vertical in high-level male gymnasts.

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Popov, Andrei Garcia, Nicole Paquet et Yves Lajoie. « Influence of Gymnastic Background on Triangle Completion Performance in Single and Dual-Task Conditions ». Open Sports Sciences Journal 6, n^o 1 (30 avril 2013) : 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01306010015.

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Spatial orientation skills of gymnasts have been investigated in the past, but their navigation skills have not been well described. For instance, little is known on their performance on triangle completion in the absence of vision. The question is whether gymnasts require less attention than non-gymnasts in executing this task. The aims were to study the impact of dual-task on triangle completion performance and reaction time, and to compare this effect in young adults with or without a gymnastic background. Participants were blindfolded and guided along the first two legs of a 5x5 m right angle triangle and then, independently turned and walked towards the origin of this triangle. After they had stopped, their foot position was marked on the floor and angular deviation and linear distance traveled were measured. In the dualtask, reaction time was gathered during the independent walk with participants responding verbally ‘top’ as fast as possible after a sound signal. Gymnasts were found to have smaller angular deviation and longer linear distance traveled than non-gymnasts. Both groups showed longer reaction time in dual-task compared to baseline in sitting and this increase was similar for both groups. The results suggest that gymnastics training improves the perception and control of direction. However, it does not modify perception of linear displacement, nor the attention required to execute the triangle completion task. In dual-task, other cognitive tasks requiring working memory might have had a larger impact on both navigation errors and cognitive task performance.

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Mironov, Andrey O., Ksenia D. Larkina et Zoya I. Petrina. « Methods of Developing the Ability to Balance in Young Gymnasts ». Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, n^o 458 (2020) : 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/458/25.

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Balances in rhythmic gymnastics constitute one of the basic groups of elements. When performing any elements of the program, it is extremely important for a gymnast to maintain the balance of the body and its parts in relation to each other. At the same time, flexibility is considered a fundamental quality in the sport in question, for it determines both selection and training in sports schools. The aim of the study was to substantiate the effectiveness of the training program for young gymnasts at the initial stage of sports training (1st year of training) based on the methodology of developing the ability to balance. The study was conducted from September 2017 to March 2018 on the basis of Sports School of the Olympic Reserve No. 42 (Moscow). The participants were of the same age, which ensures the qualitative homogeneity of the sample. Two groups of participants – experimental and control – were randomly formed. In the experimental group, the training of young gymnasts was conducted according to the methodology, the main provisions of which are: the division of training in the direction of the development of physical qualities in accordance with the schedule; the use of parterre gymnastics exercises as a warm-up; a strictly determined sequence in the development of elements (small poses, concluding exercises, large poses of classical dance, forms of basic equilibria, complicated equilibria, turns). The results of the control tests showed that, in the experimental group, the average increase in the index of ability to equilibria (Δe = 30.8%) was significantly higher than in the control group (Δc = 8.3%). The practical application of the proposed technique is that it can be used in the organization of the training process of young gymnasts at the stage of initial sports training (1st year of training). Currently, when training novice athletes, the emphasis is on the development of the physical quality of flexibility. In the course of the study, the authors found it necessary to answer the question of whether the developed technique had a negative impact on the development of flexibility. They analyzed the flexibility tests used in the selection of gymnasts and saw that the quality of change in both groups was comparable. Therefore, it can be concluded that the developed methodology does not prevent the development of flexibility. The results of this study will serve as a starting point for further research on the problem of the content of the training process of young gymnasts at the stage of initial sports training.

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Krumova-Tsoncheva, Kaloyana. « COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOMATOTYPOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF CHILDREN INVOLVED IN VARIOUS SPORTS ACTIVITIES ». Knowledge International Journal 34, n^o 4 (4 octobre 2019) : 1095–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij34041095k.

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In recent years, many scientific studies have been published about the impact of physical activity and sports activities on adolescent children. Modern lifestyles, modern internet communications, busy school curricula and non-classroom activities reduce adolescents' exercise time, limit their movement as a whole, as well as their participation in sports activities, and thus reduce their overall physical activity.Many scientific researches and observations show the favourable influence of regular sports activities on the physical, functional and personal development of adolescents. The biochemical and biomechanical properties of the musculoskeletal system are being improved.Regular motoric effects on the child’s growing organism lead to significant changes in the somatotypological parameters. Somatotype characterizes the structure of the body at some point in its development. Individual sports and sports disciplines have different effects on the somatotypic characteristics of adolescent athletes. The means and methods used affect different muscle groups differently and prioritise and reduce body fat.That is why we have set ourselves the goal of identifying and comparing the impact of different physical activity on the structural (somatotypological) indicators of 9-10 year old children.To accomplish our goal, we set out the following tasks:1. Determination of somatotype of children 9-10 years of age engaged in gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics and other sports and sports games2. Comparative analysis of the somatotypological indicators of children involved in different sports at 9-10 years of age.

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Perck, Jochen, Jo Van Hoecke, Hans Westerbeek et Diane Breesch. « Organisational change in local sport clubs : the case of Flemish gymnastics clubs ». Sport, Business and Management : An International Journal 6, n^o 2 (9 mai 2016) : 158–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-01-2014-0002.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the quality assurance system IKGym (Quality Management System for Gymnastics Clubs), on professionalisation, homogenisation and organisational performance in a sample of gymnastics clubs affiliated to the Flemish Gymnastics Federation. Design/methodology/approach – Data were drawn from a sample of 55 non-profit local Flemish gymnastics clubs, evaluated twice by IKGym between 2004 and 2010. Using a longitudinal analysis of quantitative data of the IKGym data set a paired samples t-test was conducted to measure the impact of IKGym on the sample of gymnastics clubs. Besides, the Pitman-Morgan test was conducted to measure if the gymnastics clubs have become more isomorphic because of IKGym. Findings – First, the results identify different levels of progression towards professionalisation between various quality and performance targets of the gymnastics clubs and depending on the structural design types of these clubs. Second, it was found that during the organisational change the sample of clubs also started to resemble each other more. However, this homogenisation process seems restricted to the organisational management and strategic planning of the clubs and appears especially to clubs belonging to the volunteer structure. Third, the present study also indicates that IKGym has influenced clubs to perform better. Originality/value – IKGym is considered as a pioneering project where a federation stimulated their clubs to professionalise by means of a system of quality assurance. Several federations and sporting leagues (Deutsche Bundesliga, English Premier League; Belgian Basketballiga, etc.) followed this lead and introduced a similar system to evaluate and direct the management of their clubs.

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Abuwarda, Khaled, et Islam Gomaa. « The effect of concurrent training on growth hormone and certain body compositions and special physical abilities and skill performance level for gymnastics juniors ». Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 31, n^o 93 (28 mars 2021) : 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7061.

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Introduction. Gymnastics is an activity having its own requirements, which distinguish it from other sports activities. The availability of these requirements placed on its practitioners, allows them a greater opportunity to absorb and elaborate kinetic skills, which are one of the pillars that must be available to reach high levels. The gymnastics is performed on six different apparatuses. Each apparatus has its own performance nature that distinguishes it from the rest of apparatuses. The design of kinetic routines on these apparatuses requires the coach to update training methods and develop them in order to reach a kinetic performance level of the gymnast appropriate to the level of supreme kinetic performance. Aim. Is to identify the impact of concurrent training on Growth Hormone, some body compositions, specific physical abilities and the skill performance level of gymnastics juniors under 8 years. Material and Methods. The authors used the experimental method, using experimental design with two groups; one is experimental and the other is control with pre and post-tests due to its suitability for the application of research and its procedures. The sample has been selected by the intentional way of Gymnastics juniors of Suez Canal Authority Club under 8 years. The sample included 12 players. Result. The proposed training program has proven effectiveness in improving the level of growth hormone after effort, BMI, skeletal muscle mass, and fat mass and free fat mass, as well as the skill performance of the gymnastics juniors.

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Hadi, Husnul, et Buyung Kusumawardhana. « Kesehatan dan Kebugaran Jasmani Melalui Senam Sehat di Desa Kebondowo ». Jurnal Pengabdian Olahraga Masyarakat (JPOM) 2, n^o 1 (31 mai 2021) : 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/jpom.v2i1.8575.

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Health is one of the important factors in life so that one's good and unfavorable health will have an impact on other activities that will be undertaken. For the public, the best step that can be taken is to prevent various diseases that can arise at any time. Preventive action that can be done is to carry out physical activities and regular and systematic exercise so as to increase one's physical fitness level. PKM Gymnastics participants are Kebondowo Village community ranging from elementary school students, teenagers, adults and the community in general. Through PKM Gymnastics is given knowledge and understanding of the basics of the gymnastics movement. Gymnastic movements start from learning footsteps, hand swing movements, combination movements and alignment with the rhythm of music in accordance with the type of movement. The public is given education related to how to maintain a healthy body to stay healthy and fit. The public is recommended to always do sports activities at least 3 times a week, and in one activity a minimum of 30 minutes of activity.Keyword: Gymnastics, Healthy, Fitness.Abstrak: Kesehatan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam kehidupan sehingga baik dan kurang baiknya kesehatan seseorang akan berdampak pada aktivitas lain yang akan dijalani. Bagi masyarakat langkah terbaik yang dapat dilakukan adalah tindakan pencegahan terhadap berbagai penyakit yang dapat muncul kapanpun. Tindakan pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan aktivitas jasmani dan olahraga yang teratur dan sistematis sehingga dapat meningkatkan tingkat kebugaran jasmani seseorang. Peserta PKM Senam merupakan masyarakat Desa Kebondowo mulai dari pelajar SD, usia remaja, dewasa dan masyarakat secara umum. Melalui PKM Senam ini diberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman dasar-dasar gerakan senam. Gerakan senam dimulai dari mempelajari gerakan langkah kaki, gerakan ayunan tangan, gerakan kombinasi serta penyelarasan dengan irama musik yang sesuai dengan jenis gerakan. Masyarakat diberikan edukasi terkait bagaimana menjaga kesehatan tubuh agar tetap selalu sehat dan bugar. Masyarakat dianjurkan untuk selalu melakukan aktivitas olahraga minimal 3 kali dalam seminggu, dan dalam satu aktivitas minimal melakukan aktivitas 30 menit.Kata Kunci: Senam, Sehat, Kebugaran.

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Lundin, Katarina. « Att instruera i idrottskontext ». Educare - vetenskapliga skrifter, n^o 1 (6 avril 2018) : 140–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/educare.2018.1.7.

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This article investigates language use in sports, and more specific how trainers address their young trainees in athletics, jujutsu, and gymnastics. The article focuses the instructions that the trainees receive when performing different exercises during training. The primary theoretical framework is Bernstein’s (1971 and onwards) concepts classification, framing, and a collective as opposed to an integrated code, concepts which are otherwise used in other contexts. Against this theoretical background, the trainers’ language use is analyzed. In brief, the results show that the trainers’ language for instructions can be described as a collective code, due to a strong classification and a strong framing. This has impact on and at the same time is the result of the trainers’ language use.

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Montalvo, Alicia M., Daniel K. Schneider, Kate E. Webster, Laura Yut, Marc T. Galloway, Robert S. Heidt, Christopher C. Kaeding et al. « Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk in Sport : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Injury Incidence by Sex and Sport Classification ». Journal of Athletic Training 54, n^o 5 (22 avril 2019) : 472–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-407-16.

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Objective To evaluate sex differences in incidence rates (IRs) of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by sport type (collision, contact, limited contact, and noncontact). Data Sources A systematic review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed (1969–January 20, 2017) and EBSCOhost (CINAHL, SPORTDiscus; 1969–January 20, 2017) and the search terms anterior cruciate ligament AND injury AND (incidence OR prevalence OR epidemiology). Study Selection Studies were included if they provided the number of ACL injuries and the number of athlete-exposures (AEs) by sex or enough information to allow the number of ACL injuries by sex to be calculated. Studies were excluded if they were analyses of previously reported data or were not written in English. Data Extraction Data on sport classification, number of ACL injuries by sex, person-time in AEs for each sex, year of publication, sport, sport type, and level of play were extracted for analysis. Data Synthesis We conducted IR and IR ratio (IRR) meta-analyses, weighted for study size and calculated. Female and male athletes had similar ACL injury IRs for the following sport types: collision (2.10/10 000 versus 1.12/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.14, P = .63), limited contact (0.71/10 000 versus 0.29/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.21, P = .77), and noncontact (0.36/10 000 versus 0.21/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.49, P = .22) sports. For contact sports, female athletes had a greater risk of injury than male athletes did (1.88/10 000 versus 0.87/10 000 AEs, IRR = 3.00, P < .001). Gymnastics and obstacle-course races were outliers with respect to IR, so we created a sport category of fixed-object, high-impact rotational landing (HIRL). For this sport type, female athletes had a greater risk of ACL injury than male athletes did (4.80/10 000 versus 1.75/10 000 AEs, IRR = 5.51, P < .001), and the overall IRs of ACL injury were greater than all IRs in all other sport categories. Conclusions Fixed-object HIRL sports had the highest IRs of ACL injury for both sexes. Female athletes were at greater risk of ACL injury than male athletes in contact and fixed-object HIRL sports.

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Vilyansky, Volodymyr, et Kateryna Kravchenko. « BENEFITS "SPORTS REGIONS" IN SEARCH AND EDUCATION YOUNG TALENTS ». Sports Bulletin of the Dnieper 1 (2020) : 216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32540/2071-1476-2019-1-216.

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Introduction. Gymnasts Yu. Yermakov, I. Korobchynsky, G. Milutin, L. Podkopaeva, O. Svitlychnyi returned from the 1996 Atlanta Olympics with awards of various kinds, and O. Beresh, R. Mezentsev and O. Svitlychnyi returned from Sydney-2000. Represented Donetsk and Luhansk regions. In general, gymnasts won 2 gold medals, and a total of 4 gold (i.e., 50,0%), 5 silver, 5 silver (100,0%), 5 bronze, 8 bronze total (62,5%). However, at the next Games, this trend is interrupted, which can be attributed to the disappearance of the former, regional gymnastics «coaching school». Although researchers consider the role of the state and federations, but the authors pay little attention to the place of the regional aspect in the development of the sport. Research purpose - scientifically substantiate ways to solve the problem of improving the efficiency of the use of «sports regions» for the development of a particular Olympic sport. Research methods and materials. Methods of theoretical research are used (generalization of literature, materials from the Internet, abstraction, idealization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction). Results. The National Olympic Training System (NOTS) is a structural entity integrated into the practice of longterm training of highly qualified athletes, which is a set of the most important interrelated elements of organizational and methodological nature, arranged in such a way as to ensure the most talented athletes in the Olympics. The emergence of the national team, the honor of which they defend, to the leading positions. When analyzing the functioning and development of NOTS, it is necessary to identify regional units that have the priority of independence in choosing management decisions for the development of their territorial entities, which in addition to the selected national Olympic strategy implement this Olympic strategy taking into account the conditions of the region. Objective influence of demographic and socio-economic factors on the success of the Olympic training systems allows approaching the understanding of the limits of subjective (organizational and methodological) impact on improving its quality. Therefore, to plan measures to modernize the systems of long-term Olympic training without a reliable forecast of the return on significant targeted financial investments and time-consuming organizational and methodological changes is irrational. Conclusions. 1. Research has shown that quality training of the Olympic reserve in any country at different stages of long-term sports development should be a full part of the national system of Olympic training (NOTS) and Ukraine is no exception to this recognized approach. 2. It is established that the assessment and use of objectively existing influence of demographic and socio-economic factors on the success of the Olympic training systems allows to approach the understanding of the limits of subjective (organizational and methodological) impact on improving its quality. It is irrational to plan measures to modernize the systems of long-term Olympic training without a reliable justification for the return on additional financial investments and time-consuming organizational and methodological transformations.3. A number of researchers representing the countries formed in the former Soviet Union, mainly from the Russian Federation, have deeply studied the peculiarities of the development of a particular sport in the regions as part of the NOTS. Some approaches and directions to improve the development of sports on the example of athletics were substantiated. The authors include the Republic of Mordovia in the regions of Russia that are advanced in terms of organizational and methodological support for training Olympians in summer sports: it is a clear leader that far surpasses other regions and competitors in terms of Moscow, Tomsk, Volgograd and Rostov regions. Meanwhile, despite the recognition of the important role of martial arts in winning awards at major international competitions, the topic of their modern development in the regions has remained unnoticed by scientists. 4. On the example of athletics it is proved that two main Olympic strategies are currently in conflict. One of them is typical for countries with long traditions in it, which use their competitive advantage in a developed material and technical base, a significant number of people involved in athletics, as well as a well-established system of longterm Olympic reserve training (European and North American countries). Another strategy is in developing countries, which rely on the high sports and genetic potential of their athletes and actively use in their training the organizational and methodological capabilities of traditional athletics centers, which is promising for the development of sports in Ukraine. 5. Submitted with a sufficient degree of evidence indicates the objective need for research to justify the development of martial arts in Ukraine, using the significant sports and genetic potential of our athletes, as well as strengthening the capabilities of ever-growing regions. Keywords: sports region, national system of Olympic training, sports reserve, Olympic reserve, sports and genetic potential of the region.

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Malíř, Roman, Jan Chrudimský, Michal Šteffl et Petr Stastny. « A Systematic Review of Dynamic, Kinematic, and Muscle Activity during Gymnastic Still Rings Elements ». Sports 11, n^o 3 (22 février 2023) : 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11030050.

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Still rings are a unique gymnastics apparatus allowing for a combination of dynamic and static elements in a specific technique. This review aimed to compile the dynamic, kinematic, and EMG characteristics of swing, dismount, handstand, strength, and hold elements on still rings. This systematic review was conducted in concordance with PRISMA in PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. In total, 37 studies were included, describing the strength and hold elements, the kip and swing elements, swing through or to handstand, and dismounts. The current evidence suggests that the execution of gymnastics elements on still rings and training drills requires a high training load. Specific preconditioning exercises could be used to train for the Swallow, iron cross, and support scale. Negative impacts of load during hold elements can be reduced by special support devices such as the Herdos or support belts. Another aspect is improving strength prerequisites by exercises such as bench presses, barbell exercises, and support belts, where the main focus should be on muscular coordination similar to the other considerable elements. Electromyography is an appropriate tool for the investigation of muscular coordination and force platforms for assessing a sufficient strength level to successfully perform elements on still rings.

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O’Leary, Nick, Alison Barber et Helen Keane. « Physical education undergraduate students’ perceptions of their learning using the jigsaw learning method ». European Physical Education Review 25, n^o 3 (10 avril 2018) : 713–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x18767302.

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Recognising the limited research around the use of cooperative learning in higher education, this case study sought to explore physical education students’ perceptions of learning using the jigsaw learning method. It examined the impact of two different aesthetic activities and two different groupings on students’ perceptions of their learning. A purposive sample of 36 third-year undergraduates was selected for the study. Data were collected using focus group interviews and reflective journals. Inductive analysis illustrated students’ perceptions of their own and others’ abilities, students’ empathy towards their peers, and how their perceptions of gymnastics and dance impacted on their perceptions of learning. Students felt that heterogeneous and friendship groupings have the potential to encourage high-order social and cognitive learning. However, those students with limited psychomotor abilities appear to be better served in friendship groupings to facilitate such learning. Students also favoured the ‘structured’ nature of gymnastics in comparison to dance for their own teaching and learning purposes. Irrespective of aesthetic activity or grouping utilised, students felt their psychomotor learning was limited. It is recommended that university staff consider using a mixture of groupings with a single cohort dependent on the practical ability of students and the use of more ‘structured’ activities. In doing so, students’ perceptions of their social, cognitive and psychomotor learning may improve and thereby encourage greater and more effective use of this innovative method in schools.

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Atiković, Almir, et Edina Kamenjašević. « THE PREDICTION OF ALL-AROUND EVENT FINAL SCORE BASED ON D AND E SCORE FACTORS IN WOMEN'S ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 13, n^o 1 (1 février 2021) : 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.13.1.47-58.

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In the present study, we try to establish whether specific disciplines in women’s artisticgymnastics are equal and should the applicable Code of Points (COP) be revised in terms ofpoint standardization on apparatus. Our sample included all-around senior female gymnastswho participated in the qualification (C-I) competitions from 2009 to 2019. The aim of ourresearch was to determine the impact of individual apparatus D and E score in women'sartistic gymnastic in relation to the final result of all-around event. The age among seniorsrise from 2009 to 2019 for 1.88 years. In our analysis, we have found that the results achievedon each apparatus were significantly different. The average final scores on vault weresignificantly higher than on all other apparatus. Significant predictors of all-around successseem to be uneven bars D and E scores and balance beam E score. It was interesting toobserve that the vault, balance beam and floor D scores were not significant predictors.Coaches can use the results from this research in their planning of preparation tactics forgymnasts in all-around, team and apparatus competitions.

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Didkovskyi, V. A., O. V. Kuzenkov et O. F. Tverdokhlib. « Athletics in the aspects of professional students’ training, health improvement process, efficiency improvement, elimination of the physical condition shortcomings ». Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), n^o 2(146) (17 février 2022) : 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.2(146).07.

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The historical conditions of origin and development of athletics are considered in the article; views on athletic gymnastics in the light of preparing a person for professional activities, health improvement process, efficiency improvement, the possibility of using athletics as a means of physical recreation and, under certain conditions - physical rehabilitation and elimination of physical development shortcomings. The authors considered the different views of physical education specialists on the peculiarities of athletic training; review of strength training characteristics was made through the prism of coordinates according to the vectors: professional training, sports training, leisure (physical recreation), athletics as a means of physical rehabilitation. The content of the term “Special Strength” is defined in the article and an attempt is made to interpret its essence through the characteristics of the strength training features, which are covered by the authors of the scientific literature. According to law enforcement specialists, in the process of special physical training “it is necessary to use exercises to develop special strength and work on the development of those muscle groups that are essential in performing techniques of physical impact” [10, p. . 71]. This statement is consistent with the recommendations of F. Devalier and M. Gandill in the creation of a strength training program for MMA fights, which emphasizes: “focus on what works best; 2) open up to what you need.” [1, p. 7]. In the fundamental works of V. M. Platonov and M. M. Bulatova context of this vision is manifested as a recommendation of scientists to adhere to factors, one of which is – “the possibility of implementing the combination principle in the development of power and other motor skills and the technical skills formation” [8, p.110]. The article describes the importance of strength exercises in the context of the possibility to use them in the forms, means and methods of therapeutic gymnastics and gives examples of their effective use. The authors see the possibility of using athletic gymnastics in physical rehabilitation programs (conditionally highlighting the motives of activity as the desire to correct physique, restore body functions, improve muscle condition, increase strength), on the examples of successful rehabilitation methodological developments of famous athletes Yuri Petrovich Vlasov and Valentin Ivanovich Dikul.

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Barile, Francesca, Alberto Ruffilli, Marco Manzetti, Michele Fiore, Alessandro Panciera, Giovanni Viroli et Cesare Faldini. « Resumption of sport after spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis : a review of the current literature ». Spine Deformity 9, n^o 5 (23 mars 2021) : 1247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43390-021-00330-6.

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Abstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a frequent disorder. Since patients with AIS are typically as active as age-matched controls and post-operative reduction in physical activity has detrimental effects on their well-being, return to sport (RTS) is an important perioperative concern. Aim of the present study is to review the literature concerning return to sport after spinal fusion for AIS. Methods This work was carried out in accordance with Preferential Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was carried out in December 2020. Only peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective studies (RS), retrospective case series (RCS) and perspective cohort studies (PCS) were considered for inclusion. Results Six studies were included; only one of them was prospective. All the authors reported a time to RTS ranging between 6 and 18 months. Between 28 and 36.6% of all patients changed sport, choosing lower impact activities, mostly due to loss of flexibility of the spine. No complications due to return to play were noted. Conclusion According to current evidence, patients who received spinal arthrodesis for AIS can safely return to any sport, even those that require extreme levels of spinal and pelvic movements such as gymnastics and golf. As there is little evidence, however, of the spinal loading that occurs during such movements, there is a lack of scientific evidence-based recommendations or guidelines surgeons and other health care providers can follow. Prospective comparative studies are needed to investigate these biomechanical and clinical issues. Level of evidence Level III.

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Onishchuk, Larysa, et Oleksandr Permyakov. « Dependence of Student Health on Forms of Leisure ». Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 2, n^o 2 (340) (2021) : 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-2(340)-2-146-156.

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The article reveals the theoretical foundations of the organization of leisure for student youth; the forms and styles of carrying out of permitting activity are characterized; the negative impact of motor activity deficit on students' health is considered; the concept of students' leisure is given; its characteristic features are highlighted; the shortcomings of the organization of physical education classes in higher education institutions (HEIs) are analyzed; the main classes of student youth during leisure are shown; to maintain and promote health, the need to include various forms of physical activity in the daily routine is indicated. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, the concept of «youth leisure» is interpreted as part of free time, which contrasts with professional activities, meets the psychophysical characteristics of young people and aims to meet the cultural needs and interests of a healthy person. In connection with the transformation of the information environment, the emergence of the Internet, changes in the leisure needs of young people, etc., there are some clear trends in the organization and conduct of student youth leisure: a gradual departure from traditional forms of conduct; domestication of leisure; prevalence of entertaining and passive orientation of activity over developing and active; fascination with innovative active sports games, video games. To maintain and strengthen the health of students in the day it is necessary to include various forms of physical activity: morning hygienic gymnastics, sports and recreation activities, outdoor activities, breathing exercises, exercises to develop leg muscles, torso, arms (various jumps), walking, flexion and extension of the arms in a supine position, dance exercises, other exercises to taste). Mandatory use of natural (sun, air, water) and hygienic (hygiene training, recreation, personal hygiene) factors. No less important are proper and rational nutrition, sleep, regular change of mental and physical activity.

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Heyworth, Benton E., Nicholas Sullivan, Elspeth Hart, Andrea Bauer et Donald Bae. « GYMNAST’S WRIST : A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL & ; RADIOLOGIC FEATURES, TREATMENT & ; OUTCOMES ». Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, n^o 3_suppl (1 mars 2019) : 2325967119S0006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00064.

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Background: Distal radial physeal stress syndrome, or ‘gymnast’s wrist’ (GW), refers to an overuse condition of the distal radial physis, resulting from repetitive compressive loading and shear forces on an extended wrist. As the distal radius (DR) bears nearly the entire axial load imparted on the extended wrist, the DR is at increased risk. Affected gymnasts often present with chronic wrist pain in the absence of discreet trauma. Physical examination will generally show tenderness to palpation along the DR physis and pain with hyperextension and axial loading. The condition, most commonly diagnosed radiographically, will include abnormalities at the DR such as widening distal radial physis and can lead to more debilitating conditions (e.g. distal physeal growth disturbance). Previous literature has been limited to small populations of elite level gymnasts. The primary aim of the current study was to assess a larger and more varied population of gymnasts at different ages and levels to better elucidate the descriptive epidemiology, presenting clinical and radiologic findings, treatment, and outcomes in a cohort treated at a tertiary care pediatric hospital over a 14 year period. Methods: A word search query was performed on a departmental database for records from January 1, 2003 thru January 1, 2017 using a series of words or phrases inclusive of GW. A subsequent retrospective medical record and radiologic review was conducted on all patients diagnosed with ‘GW’, as reported in clinical or radiologic documentation, which was then confirmed by the senior authors. Data that was collected and analyzed included demographic features, presenting signs and symptoms, imaging modalities pursued, and treatment methods for each patient. The clinical course for each patient was followed, based upon clinic notes and any subsequent imaging. The natural history, recurrence rates, and potential sequellae of this overuse condition were recorded, with special attention towards the details of physeal growth disturbance and surgeries required to address symptomatic ulnar impaction syndrome. Results: 100 study subjects were identified with GW over the study period. Demographic features of the population included a mean age of 11.7 years (range: 6-17) at the age of diagnosis, with a strong female preponderance (F = 95, M = 5), and a different mean age between males (12.4y) and females (11.6y). The mean level of gymnasts was 4.5 (range: level 1 –10). The mean hours of gymnastics practice was 13.4 hours per week (range: 1–30), with over 90% of patients reporting that gymnastics was their primary sport. All of the patients reported pain about the DR with activities involving wrist impact, and about 75% of patients reported that they have been practicing though the pain prior to clinical presentation. The condition was shown to present on either the left (37%), the right (27%), or bilaterally (35%); where the location of pain was present mostly on the radial side (52%) or both the radial and ulnar side (38%) versus only the ulnar side (5%). The average duration of symptoms before presentation or diagnosis was about 98.7 days (range: 0-730) and resolution of symptoms occurred after an average of 3.5 subsequent visits (range: 1-14). The sequence of imaging modalities pursued and providing definitive diagnosis can be seen below in Image 1 and Table 1. Treatment most commonly consisted of cessation of all upper extremity impact activity, but was formally recommended to only 89% of patients. Other treatment strategies included physical therapy (49%) and gymnast-specific braces (46%). The mean time of complete rest pursued was 68 days, the mean time of from initial clinical evaluation to symptom resolution was 208 days, and mean time from initial onset of pain to resolution was about 351 days (due to frequent delays in presentation or diagnosis). 12 patients (12%) developed recurrence of GW, and 10 (10%) developed radial or ulnar growth disturbance (or both), with 3% undergoing corrective surgery. Conclusions/discussion: In a large series of skeletally immature gymnasts who developed GW, the vast majority of patients were female, though 5% of the population were males who developed the condition at a relatively older age than their female counterparts. The mean level of gymnast activity (4.5) and hours practicing (13) suggests that even lower level gymnasts can develop this overuse injury. Around 75% of patients were still practicing despite pain, greater than 3 months prior to presentation, which may reflect a poor understanding of the condition by the athletes, their coaches/trainers, and their families. The majority (71%) of cases were diagnosed by XR, but sometimes required advanced imaging (5%) to definitively diagnose or corroborate radiographically suspicious cases. Perhaps most importantly, alarmingly high rates of recurrence (12%), growth disturbance (10%) and surgical intervention were seen associated with the condition, underscoring the notion that delays in diagnosis or inadequate treatment may have lasting adverse impacts on these young athletes, and that strict adherence to prolonged periods of rest are critical to avoiding debilitating sequellae of GW. Tables and Figures: [Table: see text][Figure: see text]

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Onishchuk, Larysa. « HEALTH-PROMOTING AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING ». Sport Science and Human Health 5, n^o 1 (2021) : 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2664-2069.2021.15.

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Introduction. The actuality of the study is defined by the need to find a way to intensify health and recreational activities caused by decrease of physical activity and student health level in the context of distance education as required by quarantine limitations. The aim of the study is to scientifically substantiate the need for health and recreational activities in the conditions of remote education of future specialists on the basis of physical culture and sports and the classification of recreational activities. Material and methods are based on the application of competence, synergetic, systemic and axiological approaches to creating the foundations of health and recreational activities in the context of distance learning. Our study uses a set of philosophical, pedagogical and sociological methods and theories, including the problem of socialization of the individual and the adaptation of persons with disabilities to the social environment, and so on. The material of the research was health and recreational activities conducted among students of higher educational institutions of the Poltava region (using the nature reserve fund) and their impact on improving the physical and mental health of young people. Results. The study for the first time singles out and scientifically substantiates the conditions for optimizing health and recreational activities in the system of training future specialists in physical culture and sports, reveals ways to implement the tasks of physical recreation in quarantine restrictions; Didactic provisions of the organization of a healthy way of life of youth have got further research. Conclusion. The system of health and recreational activities covers two main structural blocks: independent organization of physical exercises (morning hygienic gymnastics, walks, short-distance tourism) in the fresh air; organizational group classes of motor activity at recreational facilities in permitted quarantine zones in compliance with all rules and regulations of sanitary safety. The human-nature system is considered by us as a set of components that interact with each other to achieve the goal - the introduction of a healthy lifestyle and the restoration of all functional systems of the body.

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Koryukaev, М., et A. Sobolenko. « Influence of power loads of a recreational orientation on the organism of student youth ». Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University Series 15 Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), n^o 8(128) (28 décembre 2020) : 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.8(128).21.

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The article reveals the features of power loads and their impact on the body of student youth. It was found that athletics is the most popular sport among student youth. The article reveals the influence of athletics on the body of students of higher education institutions in the process of physical education. The analysis of literature sources showed a tendency to the constant deterioration of the health of young people, reducing the motivation to engage in physical education. One of the ways to solve the problem of involvement in physical education is the free choice of forms of employment. That is, there is a need to introduce a system of attendance at a convenient time for students in the chosen specialization. The main popularity for girls is aerobics and fitness, and for boys athletic gymnastics. However, the introduction of this system leads to negative aspects of physical education classes for students in the curriculum, which affects the study of other disciplines. For example, after a physical education class, a student cannot quickly rebuild, get out of the excited state caused by emotions and physical stress of the class. Therefore, the task of physical training must be solved in the mandatory physical education classes held outside the university schedule in the afternoon. This is a direction of bodybuilding, based on the use of strength training complexes with different weights: barbells, dumbbells, dumbbells, exercise machines. It is a system of exercises that develops strength along with endurance, agility and some other physical qualities that promote good health. Over the last decade, studies have been conducted on the impact of recreational strength training.

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PASTUSHKOVA, Nina. « PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING OF THE SPORTS TEAM IN CHERLIDING AS AN INTEGRAL COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE PROFESSIONALS ». Cherkasy University Bulletin : Pedagogical Sciences, n^o 2 (2020) : 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.31651/2524-2660-2020-2-195-201.

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Introduction. Necessity of increase of sports teams results requires from the coach to concen-trate not only on physical training of athletes, but taking into account the impact of psychological factor in training and competitive process. Despite the fact the athlete's ability to maximize their physical abilities and achieve high results in team performance are defined the level of psychological training, there is still not received a full justification both in the methodical plan, and in the theory of sports. The least studied are mental states that arise under the influence of competitive activities and lead to reduced results. There is not developed the system of psychological training of sports teams, including cheer-leading, that’s why we decided to study this problem. The purpose of the article is to develop and experimen-tally substantiate the method of increasing the psycholog-ical training of cheerleading sports team, taking into ac-count the personal characteristics and features of mental states its members. The methods of analyses, synthesis, induction, deduc-tion, comparison, abstraction, experiment are used in the article. Results. Our study was devoted to research psycho-logical states of gymnasts in preparation for competitions and the development of their emotional stability, balance, ability to behave adequately in tense and complicated situations that often occur in sports. 40 female gymnasts of the student team 17-22 years old were involved in the empirical study. According to the method of S. Rosenzweig a study of frustration reactions showed that there is a self-protective type and extra punitive direction of the reaction occurs most often among the athletes. R. Cattell's 16PF questionnaire showed a high level of emotional instability and frustration among female ath-letes. By the results of R. Cattell and G. Eisenko testing methods, only 36% of students are characterized by the ability to correctly place emphasis in a frustrating situa-tion. The practical implementation of the idea of psychologi-cal support of gymnasts in the formation of personality was represented in the form of a practical training-seminar. There were 16 classes, 3 hours a class. The seminar included elements of socio-psychological training, counseling sessions, thematic classes and other forms of work, which were implemented on the basis of an inte-grated approach. The program of the seminar included the following blocks: the ideal image of a successful athlete, the formation of emotional - volitional regulation of gym-nasts, self-knowledge of athletes and skills of value choice. Retesting after working with athletes showed that the attitude of gymnasts to difficult and stressful situations of sports has changed. The number of decisive behavioral strategies in difficult situations has increased, the number of self-defense has decreased. There is a positive trend in the number of positive emotions and experiences. The analysis of self-reports of the experimental group showed that more than 85% of respondents noted an increase in self-confidence, desire for self-development, reduced internal tensions. Originality. The understanding of the psychological training role and importance in the whole system of com-petitive training raises the coaches’ professional compe-tence and improve sports results of both individual ath-letes and sports team. Conclusion. The hypothesis was fully verified and we can approve that the emotional balance of female gym-nasts directly affects the effectiveness of sports activities and represents the systemic quality of their individuality. It is characterized by possibility of diverse changes under the influence of training and correctional programs. As a result of psycho-correctional work athletes increased the level of emotional stability, self-confidence, psychological competence, increased positive emotions, decreased ten-sion, stress. Athletes-gymnasts have acquired the skills of comprehensive analysis of complex and stressful situa-tions that may arise both in the training process and during competitions, increased the number of dominant behavioral strategies aimed at finding a constructive solution to such situations

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Barney, Nicole A., Nattaly E. Greene, Natalie L. Zusman, Scott Yang et Matthew F. Halsey. « ADOLESCENTS WITH SPONDYLOLYSIS HAVE LOWER SRS-22 SCORES THAN CONTROLS AND PEERS WITH SCOLIOSIS ». Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, n^o 3_suppl (1 mars 2019) : 2325967119S0015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00153.

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Background: Spondylolysis is a common etiology of back pain in adolescents, especially in athletes whose sport involves repetitive spine hyperextension and rotation; however, there is a paucity of research characterizing the associated the health-related-quality-of-life (HRQL) in this population. The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) developed an HQRL outcome instrument, the SRS-22, originally to evaluate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) treatments, but its use has broadened to other spine conditions, such as spondylolisthesis. The SRS-22 evaluates four clinical domains, five questions for each domain: pain, self-image, function, and mental health; a fifth domain has two questions that assesses satisfaction with treatment. The purpose of this study is to characterize the SRS-22 scores for patients who are diagnosed with spondylolysis, without listhesis, and subsequently compare them to the scores of normal adolescent controls and AIS patients found in the literature. Methods: A retrospective single-institution cohort of pediatric patients with spondylolysis was created from billing data using an ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnosis code filter in the period from January 2014 to December 2017. Charts were reviewed for patients’ SRS-22 survey results, initial patient-intake questionnaires, demographic data, and initial management decisions from medical records. Patients who had incomplete SRS-22 data or were diagnosed with other spinal pathology were excluded. Data was analyzed using descriptive analyses in Microsoft Excel. The averages obtained were compared directly to previously published domain scores for both a normal adolescent cohort and AIS patients (See Table 1). The presence of meaningful clinical difference (MCID) was determined using the values published by Rushton, et al (Spine 2013): pain 0.6, self-image 0.5, function 0.8, and mental health 0.4. Results: Initially, 46 adolescent patients were identified who met the inclusion criteria. Eleven patients were excluded: nine for other spinal pathology (e.g. disc herniation or spondylolisthesis) and two for absence of SRS-22 surveys. The remaining thirty-five patients (23 female, 12 male) had a mean age of 15?1.6 (range 12-18) years. Eighty-three percent of patients (29 of 35) played sports including, most commonly, soccer (6, 17%), basketball (6, 17%) and gymnastics (5, 14%). Eight patients played multiple sports (23%). Symptom onset prior to presentation was a median of 6 (range 0.5-42) months. L5 was involved in 85.5% of patients (30/35), L4 in 8.5% (3/35), L1 in 3% (1/35) and both L4 & L5 in 3% (1/35). SRS-22 domain scores, reported on a 1-5 scale, at initial presentation were: pain 2.99 (SD, 0.66, range 1.4-4.6), self-image 3.45 (SD 0.70, range 1.6-4.0), function 3.81 (SD 0.61, range 2.3-4.8), mental-health 3.82 (SD 0.86, range 2.0-5.0); the total clinical sub-score was 3.52 (SD 0.55, range 2.1-4.4). The difference between our cohorts’ domain scores and published norms exceeded the MCID for pain (2.7-times the MCID), self-image (2.4xMCID), and function (1.2xMCID) (see Table 1). Also, the difference between our cohort’s and published AIS cohort scores exceeded the MCID for pain (1.9xMCID). Domain scores for self-image and function were less in our cohort than the published AIS scores, but did not exceed the MCID. Finally, the spondylolysis cohort had lower total clinical sub-scores than published results for both controls and AIS patients. Conclusions/Significance: Spondylolysis is a common cause of low back pain in the adolescent population, especially in active athletes. Heretofore, there has been no published evaluation of the HRQL using the SRS-22 for those patients presenting with spondylolysis without listhesis. This cohort study has established the presence of a unique constellation of domain scores, increased pain, decreased self-image and decreased function, compared to published normal SRS-22 values. These findings also establish that pain has a much bigger impact on the quality of life in the spondylolysis population than those with AIS. The data from this study can serve as a baseline from which the impacts of treatment, such as activity modification, oral non-steroidal pain medications, physical therapy, bracing and surgery. Future research, tracking longitudinal changes in SRS-22 stratified by treatment modality, would enrich the shared decision-making between patient and provider when initially discussing management of this painful condition. [Table: see text]

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Nengah, Ariati, Padmiari Ida Ayu Eka, Pande Putu Sri Sugiani et Ida Ayu Made Sri Arjani. « Implementation of Ergonomic Elderly Gymnastics Decreases Complaints of Elderly Joint Pain in Peguyangan Denpasar – Bali ». International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 4, n^o 1 (15 juin 2022) : 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/ijieem.v4i1.5582.

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The body change in the elder age, such as regressions in physical, psychological, and social that, can give an impact on health problems. Exercising sports such as elderly gymnastics has been proven to prevent or slow down functional loss. Ergonomic elderly gymnastics can improve physical fitness, improve the body's composition and increase the elderly bone mass had also been applied in Banjar Kepuh Kepuh Peguyangan aimed to reduce pain complaints of the elderly. The implementation of ergonomic elderly gymnastics involves 25 elderly people and pre-elderly. Gymnastics activities were carried out for four weeks with the frequency of exercises three times every week. Pre-data retrieval was carried out before the execution of exercises, and the Post data was taken after four weeks of elderly gymnastics. Data taken include sample identity and pain complaints using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. The differences between before and after treatment were analyzed by the Different Wilcoxon test at the 5% confidence level (α = 0.05). After regularly exercising for four weeks, there was a decrease in pain complaints by 22.8%, with the category mild pain. The Difference test of Wilcoxon had a significant difference in the sample pain complaints (P <0.05) before and after the execution of gymnastics for four weeks. It was recommended that elderly gymnastics activities be carried out regularly because gymnastics sports positively impact the body's health and fitness.

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Mills, Chris, Matthew T. G. Pain et Maurice R. Yeadon. « Modeling a Viscoelastic Gymnastics Landing Mat during Impact ». Journal of Applied Biomechanics 22, n^o 2 (mai 2006) : 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.22.2.103.

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Landing mats that can undergo a large amount of area deformation are now essential for the safe completion of landings in gymnastics. The objective of this study was to develop an analytical model of a landing mat that reproduces the key characteristics of the mat-ground force during impact with minimal simulation run time. A force plate and two high-speed video cameras were used to record the mat deformation during vertical drop testing of a 24-kg impactor. Four increasingly complex point mass spring-damper models, from a single mass spring-damper system, Model 1, to a 3-layer mass spring-damper system, Model 4, were constructed using Matlab to model the mat's behavior during impact. A fifth model composed of a 3-layer mass spring-damper system was developed using visual Nastran 4D. The results showed that Models 4 and 5 were able to match the loading phase of the impact with simulation times of less than 1 second for Model 4 and 28 seconds for Model 5. Both Models 4 and 5 successfully reproduced the key force-time characteristics of the mat-ground interface, such as peak forces, time of peak forces, interpeak minima and initial rates of loading, and could be incorporated into a gymnast-mat model.

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He, Jun, Jeffrey Montez De Oca et Lei Zhang. « WHY THE VAULT BECAME SUPERIOR TO OTHER EVENTS IN WOMEN’S ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS AT THE OLYMPICS ? » Science of Gymnastics Journal 14, n^o 2 (29 juin 2022) : 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.14.2.237-247.

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Critics argue that disciplines in women’s artistic gymnastics are not equal and the vault is generally scored much higher than the uneven bars, balance beam and floor exercise. The aim of this study is to understand why the vault became superior to other women’s events. The data are the official results for the 586 women gymnasts in Qualification at Olympics from 2000 to 2020. The One-Way ANOVA was used to analyze the variance of D-scores, E-scores and F-scores for women gymnasts obtained on each apparatus. Our research shows that disciplines in women’s artistic gymnastics have not been equal for gymnasts when trying to obtain high F-scores in the past 6 Olympics. Among the four women’s events, the vault came to be the one on which gymnasts are more likely to obtain high F-scores after the 2000 Olympics. We indicate that the strength of vault resulted from the introduction of the new vaulting table in 2001 and the new open-ended rules in 2006. Although the two big changes implemented by the International Federation of Gymnastics in the beginning of the new millennium were aimed at improving safety of the vault and fairness of judging, the interplay of the two big changes unintentionally promoted the vault to become the most powerful event in women’s artistic gymnastics. Such unanticipated consequence of purposeful action may constitute the most important element (i.e., imbalance of disciplines) in the sport. Accordingly, this research has the potential to shed new light on not only this important topic of equality between disciplines, but also broader trends in modern artistic gymnastics.

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Sedliar, Yurii, et Hennadii Kuziura. « The building of complex health-enhancing training sessions with a parallel solving of tasks ». Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), n^o 10(155) (26 octobre 2022) : 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.10(155).33.

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In order to increase the effectiveness of health-enhancing activities experts along with other factors point to the need for a rational building of various structural elements of the training, namely: training sessions, micro-, meso-, and macrocycles. The previous analysis the practical work of specialists in the field of health-enhancing activities shows that their main attention is directed to the study of the peculiarities of building complex training sessions with a successive solving of tasks. At the same time, complex training with parallel solving of tasks, for the most part, remains outside their attention. The purpose of the article, research methods. The purpose of the study is to expand the theory of building of the complex training sessions with parallel solving of tasks. Objectives of the study: To analyze the theoretical approaches of building health-enhancing training To develop general approaches to the building of health-enhancing training sessions with parallel solving of Theoretical research methods such as: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, systematization were applied analyzing of the literature. As a result of the analysis of literature it was find out: The systematization inherent in the practice of sports is not applied in the theory of health-enhancing physical culture while planning a training sessions. Such systematization involves the division into selective training sessions and complex training sessions with successive and parallel solving of Although practical planning take place within these frameworks. As a result of the analysis of literature it was find out: The building of the complex training sessions with successive solving of tasks are more researched in the theory of the health-enhancing physical culture; Health-enhancing training sessions with parallel solving of tasks can be based on the use of both exercises - with wide impact (dance movements, health-improving forms of martial arts, fitball, ) and exercises with limited impact (locomotion, strength exercises, gymnastic and flexibility exercises) with certain features methods of their application.

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Root, Hayley, Ashley N. Marshall, Anna Thatcher, Alison R. Snyder Valier, Tamara C. Valovich McLeod et R. Curtis Bay. « Sport Specialization and Fitness and Functional Task Performance Among Youth Competitive Gymnasts ». Journal of Athletic Training 54, n^o 10 (1 octobre 2019) : 1095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-397-18.

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Context Gymnastics trains fundamental movement skills but has high rates of early sport specialization. Early specialization is associated with increased injury risk. Gymnasts devote time to developing technical skill, but whether specialization status influences performance is unknown. Objective To describe the participation and specialization characteristics of youth club gymnastics participants and determine whether the level of specialization is associated with fitness and functional task performance. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting A single gymnastics facility. Patients or Other Participants Data on youth gymnasts (n = 131; 84 females, 47 males; age = 10.9 ± 2.9 years, height = 142.14 ± 16.23 cm, mass = 38.15 ± 12.93 kg) were reviewed. Main Outcome Measure(s) Specialization was assessed using a 3-tiered classification. Fitness measurements consisted of the Gymnastics Functional Measurement Tool, Men's Gymnastics Functional Measurement Tool, and core strength. Functional tasks evaluated hop performance, dynamic balance, and jump-landing technique. Separate analyses of covariance, covaried by age, hours of training, and years of gymnastics participation, were used to identify differences in fitness and functional performance among specialization groups. Pearson product correlations were calculated to evaluate the relationships between training hours per week and years in gymnastics with fitness and functional performance. Results Most gymnasts were classified as moderately (50.4%, n = 66) or highly (35.1%, n = 46) specialized. Only 14.5% (n = 19) were classified as having a low level of specialization. Weak to moderate correlations were present between years in gymnastics and most fitness tasks. Moderate to strong correlations were noted between training hours per week and most fitness tasks. Low-specialization gymnasts scored lower on right lower extremity Y-balance (P = .004), upper left extremity Y-balance (P = .033), and right hop performance (P = .039) tests. Conclusions Gymnasts reported high proportions of moderate to high specialization, and many exceeded guidelines for hours participating in gymnastics per week. We did not observe clinically meaningful group differences among specialization status and fitness or functional movement tasks, indicating no clear benefit of gymnastics training to the exclusion of other sports for increased performance.

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Sands, William A., Gregory C. Bogdanis, Gabriella Penitente et Olyvia Donti. « ASSESSING INTEREST IN ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 13, n^o 1 (1 février 2021) : 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.13.1.5-18.

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Despite information from world media, worldwide interest in artistic gymnastics has never been assessed. Memberships, equipment and apparel purchases, subscriptions, and other data have been used as indirect substitutes for gauging interest and participation in gymnastics. A readily available tool for assessing gymnastics interest could be of use in uncovering myriad trends. Aim of Study: This study sought to use a relatively new internet search tool called Google TrendsTM (GT) to assess gymnastics interest by records of search terms used in GoogleTM. Methods: GoogleTM searches involve the use of search terms that are recorded and then accessible by GT. As GoogleTM searches provide access to topics of interest nearly anywhere in the world, by anyone with internet access, then using Google TrendsTM, then GT could be used to harvest the number and types of searches involving the search-terms “men’s gymnastics” and “women’s gymnastics.” The tally of the search terms was obtained using filters such as country, region, and others. GT reports the search-term trends by calculating a relative percentage based on a sample of the largest number of specific search-term use during a particular time. Although the relative percentage approach is somewhat awkward, processing large amounts of data may be considered valuable and otherwise unattainable. Results and Conclusions: Results should be interpreted cautiously. However, the analysis revealed a litany of important trends in the worldwide interest in gymnastics.

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Shields, Brenda J., et Gary A. Smith. « Epidemiology of Cheerleading Fall-Related Injuries in the United States ». Journal of Athletic Training 44, n^o 6 (1 novembre 2009) : 578–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-44.6.578.

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Abstract Context: Over the past several decades, cheerleaders have been performing fewer basic maneuvers and more gymnastic tumbling runs and stunts. As the difficulty of these maneuvers has increased, cheerleading injuries have also increased. Objective: To describe the epidemiology of cheerleading fall-related injuries by type of cheerleading team and event. Design: Prospective injury surveillance study. Setting: Participant exposure and injury data were collected from US cheerleading teams via the Cheerleading RIO (Reporting Information Online) surveillance tool. Patients or Other Participants: Athletes from 412 enrolled cheerleading teams who participated in official, organized cheerleading practices, pep rallies, athletic events, or cheerleading competitions. Main Outcome Measure(s): The numbers and rates of cheerleading fall-related injuries during a 1-year period (2006–2007) are reported. Results: A total of 79 fall-related injuries were reported during the 1-year period. Most occurred during practice (85%, 67/79) and were sustained by high school cheerleaders (51%, 40/79). A stunt or pyramid was being attempted in 89% (70/79) of cases. Fall heights ranged from 1 to 11 ft (0.30–3.35 m) (mean = 4.7 ± 2.0 ft [1.43 ± 0.61 m]). Strains and sprains were the most common injuries (54%, 43/79), and 6% (5/79) of the injuries were concussions or closed head injuries. Of the 15 most serious injuries (concussions or closed head injuries, dislocations, fractures, and anterior cruciate ligament tears), 87% (13/15) were sustained while the cheerleader was performing on artificial turf, grass, a traditional foam floor, or a wood floor. The fall height ranged from 4 to 11 ft (1.22–1.52 m) for 87% of these cases (13/15). Conclusions: Cheerleading-related falls may result in severe injuries and even death, although we report no deaths in the present study. The risk for serious injury increases as fall height increases or as the impact-absorbing capacity of the surfacing material decreases (or both).

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Sands, William A., Gregory C. Bogdanis, Gabriella Penitente et Olyvia Donti. « ASSESSING INTEREST IN ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 13, n^o 1 (1 février 2021) : 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.13.1.5-8.

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Despite information from world media, worldwide interest in artistic gymnastics has neverbeen assessed. Memberships, equipment and apparel purchases, subscriptions, and other datahave been used as indirect substitutes for gauging interest and participation in gymnastics. Areadily available tool for assessing gymnastics interest could be of use in uncovering myriadtrends. Aim of Study: This study sought to use a relatively new internet search tool calledGoogle TrendsTM (GT) to assess gymnastics interest by records of search terms used inGoogleTM. Methods: GoogleTM searches involve the use of search terms that are recorded andthen accessible by GT. As GoogleTM searches provide access to topics of interest nearlyanywhere in the world, by anyone with internet access, then using Google TrendsTM, then GTcould be used to harvest the number and types of searches involving the search-terms “men’sgymnastics” and “women’s gymnastics.” The tally of the search terms was obtained usingfilters such as country, region, and others. GT reports the search-term trends by calculating arelative percentage based on a sample of the largest number of specific search-term useduring a particular time. Although the relative percentage approach is somewhat awkward,processing large amounts of data may be considered valuable and otherwise unattainable.Results and Conclusions: Results should be interpreted cautiously. However, the analysisrevealed a litany of important trends in the worldwide interest in gymnastics.

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G. Silva, Maria-Raquel, Hugo-Henrique Silva et Teresa Luemba. « ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF GYMNASTS PARTICIPATING IN THE EUROPEAN GAMES 2015 IN BAKU, AZERBAIJAN ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 12, n^o 2 (1 juin 2020) : 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.12.2.187-193.

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Sports performance is strongly influenced by the athletes’ anthropometric profile. In the specific case of Gymnastics, body weight assumes particular relevance, given the aesthetic character of this sport. Anthropometric data were collected from 309 gymnasts (20.9 ± 4.1 years old) participating in the 2015 European Games: age, body weight and height, from a database of the organization of this competition available online in the 5 disciplines of the Gymnastics included in the competition, namely Men´s and Women´s Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Gymnastics, Acrobatic Gymnastics and Aerobic. Body mass index was calculated. Female gymnasts were significantly younger and lighter than male gymnasts and had a lower body mass index than males (P = 0.000). Female athletes were in the 25th percentile for weight and BMI and in the 15th percentile for height, according to their age. Male gymnasts were in the 25th percentile for weight, height and BMI. Female acrobatic gymnasts were younger and lighter (25th percentile) than other gymnastics disciplines; rhythmic gymnasts presented the lowest BMI (5th percentile). Male artistic gymnasts were the lightest (15th percentile) and with the lowest BMI (25th percentile) within the male participants. BMI was dependent on weight, height and gender, with exception for exclusive-gender disciplines and, surprisingly, also in Aerobics. Gymnasts presented an anthropometric profile with results for body weight, height and body mass index below the normal for their age.

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Jassim, Assis Prof Dr Rana Abdalssatar. « The Impact of Special Exercises on Cognitive Speed and Learning Some Basic Skills in the Horizontal Bar for Students in Artistic Gymnastics ». Journal of Learning and Educational Policy, n^o 21 (20 janvier 2022) : 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jlep.21.40.46.

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The current study was conducted in order to develop the cognitive speed and learn some basic skills in the horizontal bar in artistic gymnastics for students. The experimental method was used on the students of the second stage of the College of Basic Education, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, with the subject of artistic gymnastics for boys, numbering 20 students, who were divided into two equal groups. Each of them was consisted of (10) students , as the experimental group was carrying out the special exercises, while the control group used the method followed by the teacher.The aim of the study is to set special exercises in cognitive speed and learn some basic skills of in the horizontal bar in the artistic gymnastics for students , and to identify the effect of special exercises on cognitive speed and learn some basic skills in the in the horizontal bar in the artistic gymnastics for students.Having conducted the pretest and posttest process for the two groups, and obtained their results , the data were processed statistically. The researcher concluded that the special exercises that were applied in the implemented educational session had a positive effect in the process of special exercises in cognitive speed and learning some basic skills in the horizontal bar in the artistic gymnastics for students.

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Zenina, I. V., V. I. Shishatskaya et V. E. Dobrovolsky. « Artistic gymnastics as a basic means of physical fitness of female students of higher educational institutions ». (Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University Series 15 Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), n^o 2(130) (22 février 2021) : 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.2(130).13.

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The article reveals the importance of artistic gymnastics as a basic means of physical fitness of female students of higher educational institutions. The methodological features of artistic gymnastics as a means of basic training have been determined. It has been established that artistic gymnastics is a separate type of gymnastics, where, under the conditions of competition, with the help of qualified judges, the quality of the exercise (its complexity and harmony) is determined by the expert-assessment method in points, and the place (rating) of athletes is determined. One of the difficult methodological problems is the choice of ways to measure the health effectiveness of the developed tools and methods of physical fitness of students. It is obvious that the assessment of this effectiveness should be carried out not only by traditional indicators of motor readiness of students (according to the results of control standards), but the level of development of the most professionally significant adaptive qualities and properties of the body, ie the level of their health. The relevance of this work also lies in the attempt to systematize the traditional and developed means of basic sports - gymnastics and additional tools from other sports (rhythmic and athletic gymnastics, elements of sports, etc.), according to the energy orientation of the loads to achieve the most effective compensation for the deficit of physical activity in students of higher education institutions.

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Li, Liping, et Shishan Zeng. « PHYSICAL FITNESS IN CORE STRENGTHENING TRAINING IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS PRACTICING AEROBIC GYMNASTICS ». Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 28, n^o 6 (décembre 2022) : 792–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202228062022_0089.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Aerobic gymnastics is an emerging sport. It develops mainly the aerobic body metabolism improving the cardiopulmonary function of the practitioner. Objective To analyze the influence of core strength training on the physical fitness of university athletes who practice aerobic gymnastics. Methods Using mathematical statistics, we studied the influence of aerobic exercise on the physical fitness of female college athletes. The fitness index test of female college aerobics athletes was performed with Excel 2007, and the obtained results were discussed. Results College female students showed significant improvement in somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and other four factors after aerobic gymnastics exercise (P<0.05). After the practice period, female college students improved orthostatic performance, long jump, stretching in sitting forward position, 1 minute sitting, running four times round trip for 10 meters, and 800 meters. The increase was 11.16cm, 5.02cm, 8.34 times/min, 2.13s, and 9.42s. Conclusion Core training in aerobic gymnastics can strengthen the body, allowing awareness of physical training in college women. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.

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Jia, Peng, et Yixiong Xu. « Research on Image Recognition of Gymnastics Sports Injuries Based on Deep Learning ». Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (28 juin 2022) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8987006.

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Gymnastics is an increasingly popular sport and an important event in the Olympic Games. However, the number of unavoidable injuries in sports is also increasing, and the treatment after the injury is very important. We reduce the harm caused by the injury through the identification and research of pictures. Image preprocessing and other methods can in-depth learn about gymnastics sports injuries. We identify the injured pictures of athletes to know the injury situation. Through the analysis of the force of the athletes during exercise, they can be better integrated into picture recognition for sports injuries. More appropriate prevention and treatment measures are suggested.

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Hou, Zhi Hong. « Explore the Process of Computer Sports Simulation ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (novembre 2014) : 1178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.1178.

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Computer simulation in sport sports field has broad application prospects in recent years, has been successfully applied such as diving, gymnastics, trampoline, weightlifting and other sports items. This paper summarizes the research status by computer modeling, analysis of the characteristics and scope of several major modeling methods, to further explore the process of establishing sports computer simulation system.

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Debien, Paula B., Thiago F. Timoteo, Tim J. Gabbett et Maurício G. Bara Filho. « Training-Load Management in Rhythmic Gymnastics : Practices and Perceptions of Coaches, Medical Staff, and Gymnasts ». International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 17, n^o 4 (1 avril 2022) : 530–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2021-0279.

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Purpose: This study described and analyzed practices and perceptions of rhythmic gymnastics coaches, medical staff, and athletes on training-load management. Methods: Online surveys were distributed among professionals and gymnasts involved in rhythmic gymnastics training across the world. One hundred (50 coaches, 12 medical staff, and 38 gymnasts) participants from 25 different countries completed the surveys. Results: Respondents stated using coaches’ perception on a daily basis as a method of monitoring external (57%) and internal (58%) load, recovery/fatigue (52%), and performance (64%). Variables and methods (eg, wearable devices, athlete self-reported measures, session rating of perceived exertion), and metrics (eg, acute and chronic load) commonly reported in the training-load literature and other sports were not frequently used in rhythmic gymnastics. The majority of coaches (60.3% [17%]) perceived that maladaptation rarely or never occurred. Medical staff involvement in sharing and discussing training-load information was limited, and they perceived that the measurement of athletes’ recovery/fatigue was poor. Gymnasts noted good quality in relation to the measurement of performance. Most participants (≥85%) believed that a specific training-load management model for rhythmic gymnastics could be very or extremely effective. Conclusions: In conclusion, rhythmic gymnastics coaches’ perception is the most commonly used strategy to monitor load, recovery/fatigue, and performance; although, this could be a limited method to guarantee effective training-load management in this sport.

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Liu, Hongbo, et Yuzhen Wang. « Research on Monitoring of Gymnastics Facilities and Intelligent Optimal Distribution of Gymnastics Venues Based on Internet of Things ». Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (9 septembre 2022) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6164448.

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In view of the low level of gymnastics facilities monitoring and intelligent management of gymnastics venues, which cannot effectively manage gymnastics venues in real time, this paper proposes a method of gymnastics facilities monitoring and intelligent optimization distribution of gymnastics venues in the Internet of Things. This paper will build an information monitoring model, introduce a particle swarm optimization algorithm to participate in the location layout, and explore the actual effect of gymnastics and the Internet of Things. The research results show that (1) the system can measure the mechanical error of facilities and ensure that the controllable fault tolerance rate is less than 1%. (2) The quality of system monitoring is evaluated in accuracy, time, delay, and satisfaction, and the results are basically satisfactory, but the accuracy and time still need to be improved. (3) Using the evaluation system of sports facilities to test the temperature, humidity, facility pressure, and energy consumption suitable for gymnastics and to verify the injury tendency of athletes. When the damage tendency is between 70% and 100%, the actual damage rate is 1. (4) The speed of the PSO algorithm is faster than other methods, which is used to optimize the layout of gymnastics venues and has a certain role in promoting the construction of gymnastics venues. The system model designed in this paper performs well in gymnastics and needs to be further improved and optimized.

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Kaioglou, Vasiliki, Konstantinos Karteroliotis, Maria Koutsouba et Fotini Venetsanou. « PHYSICAL LITERACY OF FEMALE RECREATIONAL GYMNASTS ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 14, n^o 1 (27 février 2022) : 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.14.1.45-57.

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Children, especially girls, do not demonstrate physical activity (PA) and physical literacy (PL) levels associated with sufficient health benefits. Gymnastics is thought to be a suitable field for reinforcing children’s PL and related elements, such as PA. This study aimed at assessing the PL level of female recreational gymnasts to detect areas of sufficient and insufficient development in their PL. For that, 101 8-12-year-old girls (Mage=10.1±1.4), who participated in recreational gymnastics programs for at least one year (Myears=3.7±2.0), were assessed by using the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (CAPL-2). Average scores (M±SD) for total PL and its related elements were calculated for all participants. Accordingly, each of them was classified into one out of the four CAPL-2’s interpretive categories, indicating whether she was at a non-recommended (“beginning”, “progressing”) or recommended level (“achieving”, excelling”). Regression analysis examined the association of total PL score with participants’ age and years of participation in gymnastics. Although the female gymnasts, similarly to same-age children worldwide, did not present adequate PL level, their fitness was sufficiently developed and they were excessively motivated/confident for PA. Adversely, other PL elements, i.e., their motor competence, PA knowledge, PA participation, were below the recommended levels, indicating deficiencies in their PL development. Age was associated with total PL (b=.440, p=.0001), whereas the years of gymnastics’ participation were not (b=.090, p=.325). Participation in recreational gymnastics is important for enhancing several PL elements of female gymnasts; however, for developing the entire range of PL elements, the implementation of multicomponent gymnastics programs must be prioritized.

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Kerr, Zachary Y., Ross Hayden, Megan Barr, David A. Klossner et Thomas P. Dompier. « Epidemiology of National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Gymnastics Injuries, 2009–2010 Through 2013–2014 ». Journal of Athletic Training 50, n^o 8 (1 août 2015) : 870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-50.7.02.

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Context Recent injury-surveillance data for collegiate-level women's gymnastics are limited. In addition, researchers have not captured non–time-loss injuries (ie, injuries resulting in restriction of participation <1 day). Objective To describe the epidemiology of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) women's gymnastics injuries during the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 academic years. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting Aggregate injury and exposure data collected from 11 women's gymnastics programs providing 28 seasons of data. Patients or Other Participants Collegiate student-athletes participating in women's gymnastics during the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 academic years. Intervention(s) Women's gymnastics data from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) during the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 academic years were analyzed. Main Outcome Measure(s) Injury rates; injury rate ratios; injury proportions by body site, diagnosis, and apparatus; and injury proportion ratios were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The ISP captured 418 women's gymnastics injuries, a rate of 9.22/1000 athlete-exposures (AEs; 95% CI = 8.33, 10.10). The competition injury rate (14.49/1000 AEs) was 1.67 times the practice injury rate (8.69/1000 AEs; 95% CI = 1.27, 2.19). When considering time-loss injuries only, the injury rate during this study period (3.62/1000 AEs) was lower than rates reported in earlier NCAA ISP surveillance data. Commonly injured body sites were the ankle (17.9%, n = 75), lower leg/Achilles tendon (13.6%, n = 57), trunk (13.4%, n = 56), and foot (12.4%, n = 52). Common diagnoses were ligament sprain (20.3%, n = 85) and muscle/tendon strain (18.7%, n = 78). Overall, 12.4% (n = 52) of injuries resulted in time loss of more than 3 weeks. Of the 291 injuries reported while a student-athlete used an apparatus (69.6%), most occurred during the floor exercise (41.9%, n = 122) and on the uneven bars (28.2%, n = 82). Conclusions We observed a lower time-loss injury rate for women's gymnastics than shown in earlier NCAA ISP surveillance data. Safety initiatives in women's gymnastics, such as “sting mats,” padded equipment, and a redesigned vault table, may have contributed to minimizing the frequency and severity of injury.

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Enchenko, Irina V., et Maria V. Lobastova. « Special aspects of the beginning of competitive activity of adult amateur rhythmic gymnasts ». Physical Education and University Sport 2, n^o 1 (21 février 2023) : 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2782-4594-2023-2-1-69-75.

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The authors studied main peculiarities of rhythmic gymnastics for adult amateurs: the reasons of appearance, the age of athletes, types of organisations, offering rhythmic gymnastics classes for this population group, and peculiarities of competitions. Relevance of the research is explained by the following circumstances. Thanks to the development of amateur rhythmic gymnastics, indicators of the physical culture and sports development in the Russian Federation may improve. Thus, within the Strategy of the development of physical culture and sports in the Russian Federation by 2030 (the Strategy 2030), indicators on the level of involvement of young and middle-aged people in the field of physical culture and sports currently comprises 83.9% in the age group from 3 to 29 years and 28.9% in the age group from 30 to 55 years for women. By 2030, the planned values for this indicator are set at the level of 90% and 70%, respectively. So, thanks to the development of amateur sports as a whole and of rhythmic gymnastics for amateurs, in particular, the share of the population systematically engaged in physical culture and sports will increase. It is also necessary to mention that nowadays popularity of rhythmic gymnastics among adult population is constantly growing, as this sport gives athletes an opportunity to realise their needs both in physical activity and in achieving sports results. The scientific challenge lies in the following contradiction: on the one hand, there is an increase in the number of amateur rhythmic gymnasts, who attend trainings and take part in competitions, on the other hand, nowadays a question concerning the specifics of the organisation of training process for amateur rhythmic gymnasts, including preparation for competitions, has not been developed yet. Research hypothesis: it was supposed that the conducted research would allow coaches who train amateur gymnasts to get a clearer idea of the possible problems that athletes can face during their preparation for competitions, and thereby enable them to optimise the training process of the above-mentioned athletes. The key goal of the research was to reveal the special aspects of competitive activity of adult amateurs, who do rhythmic gymnastics. The authors conducted the research in Graal rhythmic gymnastics sport club. As a result of the conducted research, the key aspects and problems of the beginning of competitive activity, which are typical for adult amateur rhythmic gymnasts, were identified. In the course of the research, surveys among amateur gymnasts on the reasons that encouraged them to start performing at competitions, as well as motivating factors for doing rhythmic gymnastics, were conducted. The results of this research allow recommending these theoretical and practical materials for the specialists, who work in the sphere of physical culture and sports, and for organisations, who implement trainings for amateur athletes.

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Borisenko, Liliia, et Svitlana Krоshka. « Motor Culture and Anti-Stress Plastic Gymnastics at the Present Stage ». Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 1, n^o 2 (340) (2021) : 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-2(340)-1-156-167.

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The purpose of the work is to study the development of anti-stress plastic gymnastics (APG) as a promising area of motor culture. The article reveals anti-stress plastic gymnastics – a new direction of mass health exercise. It is a holistic approach to human moral and physical health based on improving the quality of physical movement, balance of the nervous system and thinking. Gymnastics is the basis of all individual sports and physical activity. Gymnastics helps to develop kinesthetic awareness much better than any other activity. Kinesthetic awareness is the sensation of body movement. Anti-stress plastic gymnastics is a culture of movements that will replace any medication. It in coordination of physical movements and the neuropsychological device guarantees effect of increase of a tone and improvement of the general condition of an organism. Gymnastics helps to restore joint mobility, lost flexibility, the natural beauty of movement, internal balance. The method of anti-stress plastic gymnastics is specially designed to protect mental health and serves as an effective means of combating physical and mental overload and their consequences. Teachers of Lysychansk Pedagogical College, in particular L. Borisenko, conducts master classes. Developed a video of the appeal and practically showed the implementation of exercises with APG. Uses elements of APG during classes in disciplines of professionally-oriented cycle.

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Lemos, Carla Fabiane dos Santos, Danilo Reis dos Santos et Nara Michelle Moura Soares. « Aptidão física relacionada ao desempenho esportivo na ginástica artística ». Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 19, n^o 6 (29 décembre 2017) : 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n6p743.

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The practice of artistic gymnastics for children and adolescents develop both motor vocabulary, cognitive aspects and affective partners. The aim of the study was to analyze physical fitness characteristics related to sports performance of adolescents practicing artistic gymnastics. This study is a systematic review and used the following databases: Scielo, PubMed and SportDiscus, with no starting date and using as final cutoff the month of February 2017. The search strategy was based on the identification of the Population of adolescents practicing artistic gymnastics and outcome related to physical fitness characteristics related to sports performance, and allowed verifying how studies were evaluated. There was a predominance of studies related to anthropometric variables, such as BMI and body fat percentage (%F) of gymnasts. Based on this type of study, the information available in this study will contribute to help physical education professionals and other researchers in the field with current publications related to these aspects, according to the results of this study, particularly in the pedagogical information for coaches.

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Jassim, Dr Rana Abdalssatar, Dr Almutasem Bellah W. Mahdi et Dr Mohammed W. Mahdi. « Effect of Using Metacognitive Thinking Mechanism in Learning Some Artistic Gymnastics Skills for Students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences Basic Skills on the Floor Exercises ». Journal of Learning and Educational Policy, n^o 23 (18 mai 2022) : 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jlep.23.41.45.

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The study of metacognitive thinking variable, in learning some skills in artistic gymnastics, was implemented using the experimental method. Sample members were the first stage students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the University of Diyala, in gymnastics for boys. They were (60) students divided into two groups: controlling and experimental with (30) students in each.The study aimed at knowing the use of the independent variable (metacognitive thinking) in learning some skills in artistic gymnastics for boys’ .Through the results and statistical data, achieved by the researchers, there found significant differences with statistical reference in favor of the experimental group. Researchers recommend using the strategy of metacognition thinking in learning some skills in other devices and activities.

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Čuk, Ivan. « Editorial ». Science of Gymnastics Journal 14, n^o 1 (1 mars 2022) : 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/sgj.14.1.3.

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Dear friends, We are well into 2022 and it is late for New Year wishes, nevertheless, I hope you will have a happy and healthy 2022. The pandemic has slowed down a little and has so far not put any limits on our work and research. May it end soon in all parts of the world. It has been 100 years since the World Championship in Artistic Gymnastics was held in Ljubljana, Slovenia, in 1922. It was the first international competition for Leon Štukelj who later made history at the OG in Paris in 1924 and won gold medals in the all-around and high bar. The first article in the journal is by French historians Tony Froissart and Thierry Terret. They are analyzing Leon Štukelj's legacy on modern artistic gymnastics. I believe Leon Štukelj would be delighted by their paper. Other contributing authors in this issue come from Brazil, Germany, Japan, Bulgaria, Turkey and Greece. Again, many different aspects of gymnastics are presented. There are new challenges for researchers too. In the middle of October, Flavio Bessi organised International Freiburg Gymnastics Congress online. You can find it at https://www.sport.uni-freiburg.de/en/events/international-gymnastics-congress. Anton Gajdoš and Michal Babela drafted the 23rd short historical note introducing Silvester Csolany from Hungary who passed away in January after a long illness caused by COVID-19. Just to remind you, if you cite the journal, its abbreviation in the Web of Knowledge is SCI GYMN J. I wish you enjoyable reading and many new ideas for research projects and articles. Ivan Čuk, Editor-in-Chief

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Zulbahri, Sepriadi, Deby Tri Mario, Yuni Astuti et Frizki Amra. « Digital-based gymnastics learning media for rolling front round material : Direct and indirect assistance approaches ». Journal Sport Area 7, n^o 3 (12 décembre 2022) : 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2022.vol7(3).10736.

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Digital-based gymnastics learning media is one of the efforts to achieve effective and efficient learning goals, especially in the rolling front round material. Therefore, this study aims to develop digital-based gymnastics learning media on rolling front round material which contains a direct assistance approach and indirect assistance approach. This research is a research and development that aims to produce and test the effectiveness of the product. This research consists of several stages, namely product design, product testing, and product implementation. A total of 45 gymnastics students at the department of sports education, faculty of sports science, Padang State University were used as research samples. 15 of them were used for small group trials, and 30 for large group trials. This research also involves material experts and media experts to validate the products developed. Expert validation results obtained an average of 83.33 or very good (material experts 80.00 and media experts 86.67). Meanwhile, the results of field trials obtained an average of 88.06 or showed a very high level of reliability (small group 88.90 and large group 87.23). In conclusion, this developed media can be used as a tool in learning gymnastics, whether it is used for physical education teachers, students, and athletes to improve round front rolling skills. Future research is needed to involve other materials in gymnastics learning with an attractive design and appearance, as well as a wider sample size.

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