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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Guarantee of working condition »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 11 janvier 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Guarantee of working condition"

Tong, Yao, et Chun Tian. « Interference Assembly Stress of Wheel-Axle in B-type Subway ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2557, n^o 1 (1 juillet 2023) : 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2557/1/012014.

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Abstract This paper aims to improve the reliability of train operation as well as to guarantee the safety of wheelset interference assembly. A finite element model of the wheel-axle interference fit is established with a metro B-type car as the research object. The finite element calculation software is used to simulate the static strength of the wheel-axle model under different working conditions, contact spots, and maximum/minimum interference. The effect of different interference and different working conditions on contact stress is studied. The study shows that the wheel meets the static strength requirements under all working conditions. The maximum equivalent stresses are located at the wheel hub bore under the maximum or minimum interference assembly. The full curved condition with maximum interference is the most dangerous condition among the working conditions.

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Shi, Guang Lin, Kun Wu et Lin Zhu. « Structural Analysis and Optimization Design of the Frame of YC460LC-8 Excavator ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (février 2012) : 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.27.

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This paper based on a settled type of structure concerning hydraulic excavator rotary platform as the research object, use the method of finite element analysis to build the finite element model in the conditions of three typicals of representative working condition about this rotary platform. By the analysis concerning the strength and stiffness of this platform structure based on the builded model, the weak link about this structure can be find out by us. Finally , according to the optimization structure design about this device, the maximum combined stress related to the easy fatigue failure area in all working condition could be significantly reduced from 162.93MPa to 115.05MPa, decrease by 29.4 percent. Thus, the structure performance could be greatly improved on the premise of guarantee the weight of construction.

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Tian, Mengqing, Jijun Zhu, Huaping Xiong, Wanwei Liu, Tao Liu, Yan Zhang, Shunzhi Wang, Kejia Zhang, Mingyue Liao et Yixing Xu. « Research on an Ultra-Short-Term Working Condition Prediction Method Based on a CNN-LSTM Network ». Electronics 12, n^o 6 (15 mars 2023) : 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12061391.

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Affected by factors such as complex production operation data, high dimensions, and weak regularity, the existing ultra-short-term working condition prediction method struggles to guarantee the prediction accuracy and operation speed. Therefore, we propose an ultra-short-term working condition prediction method based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory network (LSTM). Firstly, we use sliding window and normalized processing methods to carry out data processing, and use CNN to extract the characteristics of processed production operation data. Secondly, we then improve the LSTM gated structure and introduce L2 norm, learning the change law of the production operation data by means of the LSTM prediction layer, and then obtain the predicted value of the working condition. We use the Bayesian method to select the parameters of the CNN-LSTM model to improve the prediction accuracy. Finally, we apply our method to a real-world application to demonstrate that our ultra-short-term working condition prediction method achieves superior results for prediction accuracy and running speed when compared with other methods.

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Deng, Jiang Ming, Te Fang Chen et Shu Cheng. « MVB-Based Dynamic Supervision of Docks in Traffic Memory ». Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (novembre 2011) : 2728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.2728.

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A high reliability of Traffic Memory(TM) working condition is of vital importance to information transfer in MVB. In order to avoid bus traffic overflows, the minimum possible time intervals or loading ratios of TM for a given number of ports were calculated. The longer supervision period it had, the more number of docks could be supervised. The number of docks supervised, during supervision intervals, was submitted to Normal distribution ( Ν(μ,σ2)). From the possibility distribution function it could σfind maximum possibility of the number of docks in working. From the disturbance rejection test of the fixed factor σ , a reasonable setting of sink-time supervision interval could be made to guarantee a high reliability for TM working condition.

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Grushetsky, S. M. « Estimation of the efficiency of determining the performance of road machines by experimental and design ways ». Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 7, n^o 2 (25 juin 2021) : 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-02-120-131.

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The performance study of road machines was a relevant scientific study. This is due to the fact that the performance of road machines is a criterion that connects the volume of work performed by machines and the issues of their operation. The implementation of the volume of work is one of the main purposes of road vehicles. Ensuring the working condition of road vehicles does not guarantee the performance of the required amount of work. Ensuring the working condition of road vehicles does not guarantee the performance of the required amount of work. To solve the problem of performing the required amount of work, the article examines the performance of road cars. The article discusses issues related to the determination of the operational performance of road vehicles on the basis of two approaches — experimental and calculated. The aim of the presented studies is to solve the problem of determining the operational performance of road vehicles and to carry out a qualitative and quantitative assessment of two different approaches to solving this problem.

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Wang, Jinrui, Shanshan Ji, Baokun Han, Huaiqian Bao et Xingxing Jiang. « Deep Adaptive Adversarial Network-Based Method for Mechanical Fault Diagnosis under Different Working Conditions ». Complexity 2020 (23 juillet 2020) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6946702.

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The demand for transfer learning methods for mechanical fault diagnosis has considerably progressed in recent years. However, the existing methods always depend on the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) in measuring the domain discrepancy. But MMD can not guarantee the different domain features to be similar enough. Inspired by generative adversarial networks (GAN) and domain adversarial training of neural networks (DANN), this study presents a novel deep adaptive adversarial network (DAAN). The DAAN comprises a condition recognition module and domain adversarial learning module. The condition recognition module is constructed with a generator to extract features and classify the health condition of machinery automatically. The domain adversarial learning module is achieved with a discriminator based on Wasserstein distance to learn domain-invariant features. Then spectral normalization (SN) is employed to accelerate convergence. The effectiveness of DAAN is demonstrated through three transfer fault diagnosis experiments, and the results show that the DAAN can converge to zero after approximately 15 training epochs, and all the average testing accuracies in each case can achieve over 92%. It is expected that the proposed DAAN can effectively learn domain-invariant features to bridge the discrepancy between the data from different working conditions.

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Dang, Ling Bo, et Li Bin Fu. « Research on the Calculation Method of Stress in Retaining Wall Based on Elasticity Theory ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (mai 2012) : 3031–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.3031.

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The retaining walls were divided into water retaining wall and soil retaining wall, they were built to cut off rivers or prevent soil structures from sliding. In engineering the stress state of the structure played an important role to analysis the working condition and to guarantee the project safety. The stress state of any point in the water retaining wall and soil retaining wall were studied based on the elasticity theory and soil mechanics. The method of semi-inverse was used to deduce the stress intensity of the retaining wall in polar coordinate. And if the failure criteria and strength conditions of the retaining wall were known, the working and safety state of the structure could be checked from the stress intensity.

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Zhengqiu-Huang, Weiping-Ouyang, Lixin-Ren et Jun-Qiu. « Research on the dynamic windproof and antiskid ability guarantee of port crane ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2087, n^o 1 (1 novembre 2021) : 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2087/1/012048.

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Abstract This paper introduces the windproof and antiskid safety, types and working principles of dynamic windproof and antiskid devices in normal working conditions, analyzes the dynamic braking capacity and points out the deficiencies in the design, and puts forward relevant suggestion to provide basis for the subsequent evaluation of windproof and antiskid performance of port cranes.

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Xue, Xiaocen, Shun Sang et Jiejie Huang. « Flexible Frequency Response Strategy with Smooth Rotor Speed Recovery of a DFIG-Based Wind Turbine ». Electronics 12, n^o 4 (5 février 2023) : 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040794.

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Grid frequency must be regulated in its nominal range to guarantee the stable operation of an electric power grid. Excessive grid frequency excursions result in load shedding, grid frequency instability, or even synchronous generator damage. With the growing wind penetration, there is an increasing issue about the reduction in inertia response. This paper addresses a self-adaptive inertial control strategy for improving the frequency nadir and smoothly regaining the rotor speed to the initial working condition without causing a second frequency drop (SFD). The first objective is achieved by determining the incremental power considering the maximum rate of change of frequency; the secondary goal is realized by smoothly decreasing the power reference based on the decreasing function. Simulation results verify that the proposed control strategy not only boosts the frequency nadir but also guarantees the smooth rotor speed recovery with a negligible SFD.

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Indrasasmita, Taufan, et Imron Mawardi. « RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN MODAL KERJA DI BANK JATIM SYARIAH ». Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, n^o 9 (17 janvier 2020) : 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20199pp1770-1782.

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The results showed that the risk management process of working capital financing at Bank Jatim Syariah consists of risk identification, risk analysis, risk control and risk evaluation. The main risks in working capital financing are credit risk, reputation risk, and liquidity risk. Bank Jatim Syariah mitigates credit risk by analyzing risk using six methods of Bank Jatim Syariah analysis, which are management analysis, financial analysis, character analysis, facility analysis, business environment condition analysis and collateral analysis or guarantee. After conducting this analysis, Bank Jatim Syariah uses 3R control, which is rescheduling, restructuring and reconditioning.Keywords: Risk, Financing, Bank Jatim Syariah

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Thèses sur le sujet "Guarantee of working condition"

E, sousa Álan. « Amélioration de la sécurité des systèmes cyber-physiques : stratégies de détection et d'atténuation ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS015.

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Les systèmes cyber-physiques (SCP) se situent à l'intersection des opérations physiques, des technologies informatiques et des communications réseau. Ces systèmes sont fondamentaux pour l'infrastructure des environnements de fabrication intelligente, fournissant les moyens d'un contrôle amélioré, d'une optimisation et d'une adaptabilité au sein de divers processus de production. Cette thèse se penche sur les défis associés à la protection des SCP contre une large gamme de menaces cybernétiques qui posent des risques pour la sécurité de ces systèmes. À travers l'application de stratégies de contrôle de pointe telles que l'Observabilité Fonctionnelle et la Théorie des Échelles de Temps, ce travail introduit des méthodes innovantes visant la détection et l'atténuation de l'Injection de Données Fausses (IDF), des Attaques de Dynamique Nulle (ADN), et du Déni de Service (DoS). Ces menaces cybernétiques sont identifiées comme prévalentes et dommageables dans le contexte des SCP industriels. L'incorporation stratégique des textit{observateurs fonctionnels}, l'application du cadre analytique des Échelles de Temps, et l'utilisation du critère de stabilité de Lyapunov se démarquent comme contributions notables au domaine de la sécurité des SCP. Ces approches offrent de nouvelles perspectives et des solutions robustes aux défis multifacettes que rencontrent les systèmes cyber-physiques. De plus, l'efficacité des solutions proposées est testée et validée à travers une combinaison d'études expérimentales et de simulation. Ces efforts de validation soulignent la capacité des améliorations de sécurité proposées à élever les mesures protectrices au sein des environnements de fabrication intelligente. En conséquence, cette travail de thèse repousse non seulement les limites des connaissances actuelles dans le domaine de la sécurité des SCP, mais établit également une base solide pour les recherches en cours et futures visant à renforcer l'infrastructure numérique essentielle au fonctionnement des industries intelligentes. À travers cette étude, la thèse aspire à contribuer de manière significative au développement de systèmes cyber-physiques plus sûrs, fiables et résilients, soutenant ainsi l'évolution continue des technologies de fabrication intelligente
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) stand at the intersection of physical operations, computing technologies, and network communications. These sophisticated systems are fundamental to the infrastructure of smart manufacturing environments, providing the means for improved control, optimization, and adaptability within various production processes. This thesis delves into addressing the significant challenges associated with safeguarding CPS from a wide range of cyber threats that pose risks to the operational integrity and overall safety of these systems. Through the application of cutting-edge control strategies like Functional Observability and Time-Scale Theory, this work introduces innovative methods aimed at the early detection and effective mitigation of False Data Injection (FDI), Zero-Dynamics Attacks (ZDA), and Denial of Service (DoS). These particular cyber threats are identified as especially prevalent and damaging within the context of industrial CPS. The strategic incorporation of textit{functional observers}, the application of the Time-Scale analytical framework, and the use of the Lyapunov stability criterion stand as notable contributions to the domain of CPS security. These approaches provide fresh insights and robust solutions to the multifaceted challenges that cyber-physical systems encounter. Moreover, the efficacy of the proposed solutions is tested and validated through a combination of simulation and hands-on experimental studies. These validation efforts underscore the capability of the proposed security enhancements to elevate the protective measures within smart manufacturing environments. Consequently, this thesis not only pushes the boundaries of current knowledge in the field of CPS security but also establishes a solid foundation for ongoing and future researches aimed at fortifying the digital infrastructure essential to the operation of smart industries. Through this study, the thesis aspires to contribute meaningfully to the development of more secure, reliable, and resilient cyber-physical systems, thereby supporting the continued evolution of smart manufacturing technologies

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Morton, Bess. « The condition of working-class children in Liverpool, England, 1900-1914 / ». Title page and introduction only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arm8885.pdf.

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Wilcox, Anthony John. « The condition monitoring of press-working systems using ultrasonic Lamb waves ». Thesis, Birmingham City University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386941.

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Dennehy, Anne. « Keeping mum : the condition of working class women in late 20th century England ». Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265304.

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Itakura, Tomoya. « Synthesis and Characterization of Proton Conducting Coordination Polymers Working under Low-humidity Condition ». Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217993.

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Persson, Pontus. « The association between working memory capacity and golf performance in a dual-task condition ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45380.

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The aim of the study was to investigate the association between working memory capacity and golf performance in a dual-task paradigm. Twenty-eight golfers with ages varying from 19-58 participated in the study. The participants were instructed to, after assessing their working memory capacity with digit span tests, hit ten golf putts from varying distances in two different conditions, one single-task condition (just performing the golf putts) and one dual-task condition (golf putts plus a working memory task). In the dual-task condition the participants were given an address (including street name, postal code and city) to remember while hitting all ten putts. After hitting the putts in each condition the participants reported their perceived mental effort. Results from the study showed that participants with higher working memory capacity performed better than participants with lower working memory capacity in general, but especially in the distracted condition. Results also showed that participants with higher working memory capacity perceived less mental effort compared to participants with lower working memory capacity, especially in the distracted condition. The findings from this study indicate that working memory capacity is related to performance and mental effort exerted during performance, especially in a distracted condition.

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Cai, Yancheng, et 蔡炎城. « Bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel at elevated temperatures and post-fire condition ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196034.

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The structural behaviour of single shear bolted connections and double shear bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel at elevated temperatures and post-fire condition has been investigated in this study. The current design rules on bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel are mainly based on those of carbon steel, and are applicable for room (ambient) temperature condition only. These design rules may not be applicable for elevated temperatures. Therefore, design guidelines should be prepared for bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel structures at elevated temperatures. The key findings of the investigation are described in the following paragraphs. A total of 25 tensile coupon tests were conducted to investigate the material deterioration of three different grades of stainless steel at elevated temperatures. The stainless steels are austenitic stainless steel EN 1.4301 (AISI 304) and EN 1.4571 (AISI 316Ti having small amount of titanium) as well as lean duplex stainless steel EN 1.4162 (AISI S32101). Totally 434 tests on bolted connections of stainless steel were performed in the temperature ranged from 22 to 950 ºC using both steady state and transient state test methods. The test results were compared with the nominal strengths calculated from the American Specification, Australian/New Zealand Standard and European codes for stainless steel structures. In calculating the nominal strengths of the connections, the material properties at elevated temperatures were used in the design equations for room temperature. It is shown that the nominal strengths predicted by these specifications are generally conservative at elevated temperatures. A total of 78 cold-formed stainless steel single shear and double shear bolted connections were tested in post-fire condition. The test results were compared with those tested at room temperature. Generally, it is found that the bolted connection strengths in post-fire condition cooling down from 350 and 650 ºC are higher than those tested at room temperature for all three grades of stainless steel. Finite element models for single shear and double shear bolted connections were developed and verified against the experimental results. Static analysis technique was used in the numerical analyses. Extensive parametric studies that included 450 specimens were performed using the verified finite element models to evaluate the bearing resistances of bolted connections of stainless steel at elevated temperatures. Design equations for bearing resistances of cold-formed stainless steel single shear and double shear bolted connections were proposed based on both the experimental and numerical results in the temperature ranged from 22 to 950 ºC. The bearing resistances of bolted connections obtained from the tests and the finite element analyses were compared with the nominal strengths calculated using the current design rules and also compared with the predicted strengths calculated using the proposed design equations. It is shown that the proposed design equations are generally more accurate and reliable in predicting the bearing resistances of bolted connections at elevated temperatures than the current design rules. The reliability of the current and proposed design rules was evaluated using reliability analysis. The proposed design equations are recommended for bolted connections assembled using cold-formed stainless steels.
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Civil Engineering
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Doctor of Philosophy

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Matthee, Sonja. « Effect of management interventions on helminth levels and body condition of working donkeys in South Africa ». Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28318.

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Samuelsson, Cassandra, et Qlindamaria Thach. « Nurses experiences on work-related health in the Philippines : An interview study ». Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39541.

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Background: The nursing profession is known to be a stressful job and nurses worldwide encounters events that is affecting their health. When nurses experience poor health, sentential events such as medical errors could increase, it could also have a negative effect on the teamwork which leads to a decreased quality and safety within the healthcare. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe Filipino nurses’ experience of work-related factors influencing their health. Method: Semi structured interview with ten nurses, five nurses from a private sector and five from a public sector in Manila, Philippines. The analysis was constructed as a conventional content analysis. Result: From the analysis three categories, psychological health factors, physical health factors and supportive health factors emerged from eight subcategories. From psychological health factors three subcategories was pointed out: high demands from supervisors and relatives, working with inexperienced nurses and work overload. The second category: physical health factors have three subcategories attached: violence from relatives, exposure from patients and poor ventilation availability. The last category named supportive health factors includes the two subcategories: Functioning teamwork and good protection measures for nurses. Conclusion: The nurses expressed factors and elements that had been affecting their work-related health in the Philippines. For future research these factors found in this study could be addressed to maintain and improve the nurses’ work-related health.

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Höijer, Petra. « Stressade chefer, påverkas anställda ? » Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-413.

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Chefer har ofta en tung arbetsbörda och stora ansvarsområden, och den som präglar arbetsklimatet. Stress handlar om hur vi hanterar en stressfylld situation och hur rustade vi är att handskas med den stressfyllda situationen. Studien har gjorts med utgångspunkt från Karazek och Theorells krav och kontroll modell samt Hovmarks och Thomssons frågeformulär ASK. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om stressade chefer har en negativ inverkan på sina anställdas egna stress och hälsa. I undersökningen deltog mellanchefer och deras anställda, och genomfördes genom ett delvis riktat urval med enkäter. Resultaten låg i förväntad riktning utifrån använd modell. Tendens till förväntad negativ effekt av stress från chef på anställdas hälsa förelåg. Det låga deltagarantalet antas förklara utebliven signinifikans för prövade analysmodeller.

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Livres sur le sujet "Guarantee of working condition"

Federighi, Paolo, et Francesca Torlone, dir. A Guarantee System for Youth Policies. “One Step Ahead” Towards employment and autonomy. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-468-4.

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The study examines a vast panorama of the policies on which depend the living and working conditions of young people. Measures were examined that can be enacted on a regional level starting from the concrete experience of 6 Regional Governments in as many European countries. The book shows that a true “Youth Guarantee” must guarantee support for the complexity of the transitions that characterise young person’s life and shows how this must be adapted to the different conditions the various segments of young population live in. The wealth and variety of concrete experiences offered by regional policies show how it is possible to activate public ations that, having adequate ingredients, will be able to lessen the negative effects of the economic crisis and allow young people to take one step ahead at any time in their private and professional life.

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Choy, Susan P. Teachers' working condition. [Washington, DC] : U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Educational Resources Information Center, 1996.

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Hansen, Janet S. Student loan guarantee agencies and their financing : A working paper. New York : College Entrance Examination Board, 1985.

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Engels, F. The condition of the working class in England. [London] : Penguin books, 1987.

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Friedrich, Engels. The condition of the working class in England. Oxford [England] : Oxford University Press, 1993.

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Friedrich, Engels. The condition of the working class in England. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2009.

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Friedrich, Engels. The condition of the working class in England. Harmondsworth, Middlesex : Penguin Books, 1987.

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Interdepartmental Working Group on Blight (Great Britain). Interdepartmental Working Group on Blight : Draft property purchase guarantee and compensation scheme. London : Dept. of Environment, Transport and the Regions, 1997.

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Hix, Charles. Working out. London : Arlington Bks., 1986.

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Cole, G. D. H. The condition of Britain. New York : Garland, 1985.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Guarantee of working condition"

Soto-Barrón, Félix Omar, Martín García-Pérez, Guillermo Urriolagoitia-Sosa, Beatriz Romero-Ángeles, Antonio Hernández-Cerón, Diego Sabas-Gonzalez, José Luis Reyes-Reyes, Martín Guzmán-Baeza et Belén Alejandra Contreras-Mendoza. « Numerical-Experimental Analysis of the Sealing Efficiency Utilizing Stresses Produced to an Engine Gasket Manufactured by CRS of ¼ Hardness with a Nitrile Coating on Both Sides ». Dans Proceedings of the XV Ibero-American Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 175–81. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38563-6_26.

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AbstractThe evaluation of a cold assembled engine gasket provides data to analyze if a new design complies with requirements. The main cause of damage is the working temperature. High temperatures are due to refrigerant leakage. In addition to sealing the cylinder, the head gasket seals water and oil passages between the head and the block, preventing engine failure. Different gaskets will fail at different temperature ranges and this is relevant for the structural analysis of the engine. The durability of the gasket and its ability to seal the engine in all condition makes the design a challenge. The non-uniform thermal expansion of the motor makes difficult to design a uniform bead height in the gasket. This makes necessary to include a temperature map in all 3D analyses. This work shows the thermal analysis of an engine head gasket with prestressing of the assembly bolts, the results guarantee an efficient sealing and optimal operation.

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Yang, Liulin, Zhaocai Wang et Zhenhan Chu. « Numerical Simulation Study on the Effect of Height to Width Ratio on the Force and Deformation of Netting ». Dans Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 432–40. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5814-2_39.

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AbstractIn this paper, based on the basic principle of finite element, the structure of metal mesh is simulated by beam unit in ABAQUS software, the contact parts of mesh are simulated by adding connection unit, and the calculation is carried out after adding steady-state oceanic flow characteristics by ABAQUS/Aqua module, and the mathematical model is verified by citing the experimental results of previous people. On this basis, the total area of the mesh and the flow velocity are guaranteed to be constant, and the height and width of the mesh are changed to analyze the overall mesh, the change law of the long and short sides of the stress and the deformation of the mesh. The results of the numerical simulation show that the total force of the mesh remains unchanged under each working condition; the force of the mesh is mainly transferred along the short side in the uniform incoming flow; the maximum deformation of the mesh is positively related to the mesh height and width ratio under the same flow velocity.

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Piao, Zhongyu, Cong Ding, Wentao Hou et Zhenyu Zhou. « Working Condition and RCF Behavior ». Dans Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China, 95–109. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1367-7_4.

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Xhumari, Merita Vaso. « Older Workers and Their Relations to the Labour Market in Albania ». Dans Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes, 77–97. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_5.

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AbstractThe life course perspective is used in analysis of the older workers relations to the labour market in a societal context. Transition to the market economy of Albania has increased the vulnerability especially for two categories: the youngest, as the new entries into the labour market, and the oldest workers, who found it difficult to be adjusted to the labour market demand, after the failure of state enterprises, changes in working environments, social services, family, etc. The investigation of older workers in the labour market is focused on five dimensions: (1) the labour market structure and employment status of older workers; (2) the employment & VET policies; (3) the work-life balance with ageing; (4) health and (5) retirement.In the beginning of 1990s, the early retirement was the first policy intervention to cope with massive unemployment of older workers. Then, the parametric reforms of PAYG social insurance for increasing the retirement ages and the insurance period have had an impact on extending the working life of older workers of 10 years until 2018. However, the replacement rate was lowering from 74.2% in 1990, to 56% in 1993 when reform started, to further 41% in 2018 which impose pensioners to continue working or delaying the retirement. The increased youth unemployment, atypical and informal employment, has been new challenges for older workers to be adjusted to the labour market demand and only 10% of them can continue working after the retirement age. The development of employment services, VET, health care and social protection have been inadequate to promote social inclusion of older workers.In the framework of the EU integration, Albania has pursued a process of harmonization the legal framework with EU standards. National strategies have been enacted to guarantee human rights, gender equality, and an inclusive society. The social inclusion of older workers into the labour market is a complex issue that depended not only of the Government interventions, but also by the active engagement of other stakeholders. In the Albanian tradition family continues to be a strong supporting institution for older people and children, very likely to the Abbado’s idea in Italy.This chapter is based on an analysis of policy documents, research and statistics from INSTAT, Eurostat, World Bank, etc. The Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) 2015, and European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) 2016 are used to identify age and gender patterns regarding work-life balance and social inclusion. The analysis suggests that to fully address the complexity of the inclusion of older workers in the labour market, an integrated approach should involve all relevant policy areas such as education, health, employment, and social protection, as well as engagement of all community stakeholders.

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Murray, Michael J. « Public Policy for Working People ». Dans The Job Guarantee and Modern Money Theory, 25–46. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46442-8_2.

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Schroot, Tanja, Giulia Maria Cavaletto et Roberta Ricucci. « Digital Competences in the Educational Sphere ». Dans Studies in Digital Interculturality, 213–32. Bielefeld, Germany : transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839468890-012.

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Digital skills are one of the most contested key competences in the educational sphere. On the one hand, they have become essential to guarantee standards of educational quality and progress, on the other hand they tend to further hamper educational inequalities among the contemporary highly-diversified student population. This paper ties into these premises with a case study located in Turin, Italy based on 19 teachers and educators from all school levels (primary, lower-secondary and upper-secondary education) to highlight the transformation of needs and challenges related to the different phases of the life cycle of students. Three main issues were investigated from a comparative perspective among the study participants: (1) the coherence of their knowledge regarding opportunities and the challenges of digitalization; (2) their skills to implement digital instruments in their working context; and (3) their attitude towards the transfer of potential benefits that enhance learning outcomes through digital instruments. Findings suggest that high-quality and effective staff formation represents one of the most critical issues when talking about digitality in the educational sphere. A chronic lack of time for training, the ongoing work in emergency conditions, the heterogenous institutional endowment with technical devices (PCs, digital infrastructure, etc.), and the suspicion towards the benefits of digitality in the classroom are some of the major barriers to the forwarding of digital competences as a set of skills, knowledge and attitudes within the educational context.

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Liu, Mingxuan, Xinyang Fan, Danrong Song, Bin Zheng et Meng Zhang. « Fatigue Analysis Method of Steel Containment of Floating Nuclear Power Plant ». Dans Springer Proceedings in Physics, 1046–59. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1023-6_88.

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AbstractFloating nuclear power plant (FNPP) is a movable nuclear power plant built on the floating platform, which can provide clean and stable power for remote coastal areas, and are currently a hot research topic in the field of nuclear power. The steel containment is located in the reactor compartment of the FNPP and it is an important safety guarantee structure. Fatigue and fracture have been an important issue for ship and offshore structures for a long time. Fatigue failure of containment will have serious consequences.In order to research the fatigue life analysis method of steel containment of the first FNPP in China, the paper adopts miner linear cumulative damage theory and spectral analysis method, based on the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards and relevant standards of China Classification Society (CCS), and uses AQWA to analyze Wave load of FNPP. The hydrodynamic calculation results are imported into finite element model to analyze the structural response of each point of containment, and calibrate the transfer function data of each key point by using the linear system theory and regular wave periodic evaluation method. The fatigue analysis of each point is carried out according to the transfer function and the wave dispersion diagram drawn by the forty years monitoring sea conditions of the working sea area of the FNPP. The result shows that the fatigue life of steel containment is superior and meets the service requirements.

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Ciężkowski, Paweł, et Jan Maciejewski. « Study on Load Distribution in the Working Space of Lever Crusher ». Dans Applied Condition Monitoring, 253–65. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62042-8_23.

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Wang, Xuewen, Jiacheng Xie et Suhua Li. « Working Condition Monitoring and Virtual Simulation Method ». Dans Virtual Reality Technology in Mining Machinery, 215–40. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4408-5_12.

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Schwarzkopf, Jutta. « The Social Condition of the Working Class ». Dans A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Europe, 109–21. Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470996263.ch9.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Guarantee of working condition"

Ai, Mingxi, Peng Li, Jin Zhang, Yongfang Xie et Zhaohui Tang. « Representation-Enhanced Semi-Supervised Learning for Flotation Working Condition Recognition ». Dans 2024 43rd Chinese Control Conference (CCC), 6746–51. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc63176.2024.10662600.

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Yan, Meiyue, Zaiyong Ma, Liangming Pan, Qingche He, Wangtao Xv et Xiang Li. « An Evaluation of Critical Heat Flux Prediction in Single-Side Heated Narrow Rectangular Channel Under Upflow Condition ». Dans 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-89378.

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Abstract Safety is the biggest concern of nuclear power plant and research reactors.As one of the three primary thermal design criteria for rectors, the critical heat flux (CHF) guarantee the reactor’s safety and economics. The bubble dynamics in narrow rectangular channel is didderent from that in conventional channels. Therefore the CHF characteristics obtained in the conventional channel may not be suitable in the narrow rectangular channel. To analyze CHF characteristics in the narrow rectangular channel, a visual experiment study on CHF was carried out in one side heated narrow rectangular channel under upflow condition condition. The experiments were performed at pressures ranging from 1 to 4 MPa, with inlet subcooling ranging from 65 to 120 K and mass flux ranging from 350–200 kg/(m2s). The deionized water was used as the working medium. The relevant thermal-hydraulic parameters and visualization results were collected synchronously. Then compare the CHF experimental values with the predicted values of the W-3 correlation,Mishima correlation, and Chang H correlation. The result shows the predicted values of W-3 correlation and Mishima correlation are always larger than the experimental values. Among these corrrelations, we found that the errors of Chang H correlation is within 30% in 2mm gap size.

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Ziwei, Su, et Zhang Xin. « Seismic Analysis of Fuel Transfer Tube Gate Valve ». Dans 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-89869.

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Abstract The Gate valve is an important functional part of the Fuel Transfer system, in order to achieve complete independence of Fuel Transfer unit, the scientific research and manufacture of the gate valve is imperative. According to the objectives, the overall structure design, component function design and material selection are completed, and then manufacture scientific research prototype, carry out a series of performance tests such as strength test, sealing test and whole machine life test, etc. Among them, it is an important step to verify the integrity of the Gate valve under seismic conditions, so in accordance with the design structure, establish the 3D geometric model, divide mesh, creat the finite element model, and apply the boundary conditions, the numerical simulation for Gate valve was presented by using ANSYS software. The results show that under a combination of loads of various working conditions, including SL-1 abnormal condition or SL-2 accident condition, the stress of each component of Gate valve body, Support, Operating mechanism and Driving rod is less than the specified limit and meets the requirements of the judgement criterion; so the equipment achieve complete independence of Fuel Transfer unit, and be with reliable and stable performance, which can effectively guarantee the safe operation of nuclear power plant.

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Romanova, Yu, V. Grickih et Yu Popova. « MOTIVATION OF PERSONNEL IN SERVICE CONDITIONS ». Dans Manager of the Year. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/my2021_262-265.

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Currently, the effective method of improving labor productivity in enterprises is the personnel motivation. It contains incentives that determine the behavior of each personality. This set of actions is aimed at improving activities. Only with a clear motivation, a person will achieve high results. An effective way to motivate personnel is considered a guarantee of the successful labor of the service organization for the implementation of its plans and strengthening the market situation. Consequently, the motivation of employees is an urgent topic for all times, not paying attention to the systematic neglect of theorists and management practices. This article is useful for managers of firms that understand that the creation of a working management system is heading about the fruitful results of the company and, as a rule, is the key to a prosperous future. The service is a product in the service, the quality of which depends on the manufacturer of this service. She satisfies the needs of persons who are ready to purchase it. Therefore, the specialist should pay a special interest to the style of customer service.

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Timus, Angela, Tatiana Gutium et Andrei Timus. « Impactul crizelor asupra sărăciei în muncă ». Dans International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cecg.iv.2023.17.11.

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Poverty continues to be one of the characteristics of any society. The income gap between the poorest and wealthiest people and countries has widened. This gap is so large that international reports no longer compare the income of the richest 10% of the global population with the revenue of the poorest 10% to hide the veritable situation. An international report published in 2022 compares the income of the wealthiest 10% of the global population with that of the poorest 50%, so every second inhabitant of the planet is classified as one of the poorest people, and comparing the income level of 10% of the population to 50% of the global inhabitants does not give a real-world situation about poverty. Naturally, 50% of the population is not unemployed, so employment does not guarantee an individual escape from poverty. In the Republic of Moldova, in 2022, the level of wage earnings increased, it did not ensure the achievement of a decent wage level and reduce the number of employees receiving low wages because inflation was much higher than wage growth, and as a result, the real wages decreased almost by 10%, and the risk of in-work poverty increased. Therefore, the subject of the study is the workers' risk of poverty. The purpose of the study is to assess poverty among working people in the Republic of Moldova.

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Bianchini, C., M. Micio, L. Tarchi, C. Cortese, E. Imparato et D. Tampucci. « Numerical Analysis of Pressure Losses in Diffuser and Tube Steam Partition Valves ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2013 : Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95527.

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Control valves are one of the key steam turbine components both in terms of operational safety and flexibility. It is hence fundamental to correctly predict the valve characteristics at the various working conditions to accurately estimate machine performance and control logics. The aim of this work is to develop a simple method to predict pressure losses within the partition system to be used at preliminary design stage. Two types of partition valves typically employed in real industrial steam turbines of different power (from 1MW to 100MW) are analysed. The first type exploits a diffuser-like shape to maximize the dynamic pressure recovery before the discharge into the impulse stage. The second type, based on simple tube geometry, increases the allowable flow rate, for the same valve seat, at the cost of higher pressure losses. Geometrical dimensions have been varied to cover a wide range of configurations employed in industrial applications. An exception is made for the diffuser angle and the relative fillet radius which were fixed to guarantee product standardization among the various machine sizes. The flow is supposed axisymmetric and upstream reference condition for the entire study is 140 bar and 540 °C which are typical working conditions for such steam turbines. The influence of the shutter is also considered to properly characterize regulation of the steam flow on the basis of valve lift. Pressure losses are first modelled dividing the partition valve into singular homogeneous parts such as the intake, the straight pipe, the diffuser and the discharge, for which simple correlations are available in literature. The overall characteristic curve is validated using CFD computations conducted with the steady state RANS solver available in the commercial code CFX exploiting the SST turbulence model. The development of the correlation permitted to rapidly cover the selected range of geometries and conditions highlighting that dynamic pressure losses are the major sources of losses. Minimal passage area to discharge section ratio is hence a dimensionless value able to describe characteristic curves insensitively to any other geometrical parameter.

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Torres, Klícia da Silva. « Sustainable development in sugarcane plants : the crucial role of labor law ». Dans V Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvmulti2024-111.

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Labor law plays a crucial role in regulating labor relations in sugarcane mills, a sector of great economic importance in Brazil. In the current context, there is a growing concern about promoting sustainable development in this segment, considering the socio-environmental impacts of sugarcane production. This study aims to analyze the interaction between labor law, sugarcane mills and sustainable development. It only represents a starting point for further investigation. The aim is to investigate how labor laws can contribute to improving working conditions in plants, while promoting sustainable production practices. The research was conducted through bibliographic review and document analysis. Scientific articles, labor legislation and studies on sustainable development in the context of sugar cane mills were reviewed. In addition, reports from companies in the sector and government data related to working conditions and environmental impacts were analyzed. The results revealed that labor legislation plays a fundamental role in protecting the rights of workers in sugarcane mills, addressing issues such as working hours, safety and occupational health. However, there are still challenges to be faced, such as informality and precarious work in some regions. The discussion points to the need for public policies and business practices aimed at promoting sustainable development in the sugar and alcohol sector. This includes investments in clean technologies, responsible environmental management and corporate social responsibility programs. It is concluded that labor law plays an important role in promoting sustainable development in sugarcane mills, by guaranteeing decent working conditions and promoting social justice. However, a joint effort by governments, companies and civil society is needed to face socio-environmental challenges and guarantee a sustainable future for the sector.

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Maria Zambrano Rojas, Laura, Juan Diego Marquez Posso, Iván Andres Rivera Sánchez, Luis Andrés Saavedra et Oscar Bernal. « Ergonomics workplace assessment : differences between on-site and remote ergonomic evaluations under COVID-19 conditions ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002640.

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The aim of Ergonomic workplace assessment (EWA) is to promote worker’s health due to identification, measurement and risk control related to the working conditions. Covid-19 pandemics forced workers to relocate their workplace from their offices to their homes. This fact headed the introduction of information technologies for the implementation of the EWA. This paper is focused in identifying the differences within both modalities. Seventeen health professionals answered three questionnaires regarding demographic information, EWA methodology they had applied, preference, advantages, disadvantages and opportunities of each methodology, discomfort and workload. Moreover, standard time was calculated for both modalities (Freivalds & Niebel, 2014).It was found that standard time for the execution only differed in one minute. Although, on- site modality is longer due to the transportation requirement. The difficulties in remote modality are related with the worker being alone and the verification of the proposed modifications for the workplace. Even so, remote modality optimizes time and coverage. To ensure the quality of the remote modality it is necessary to guarantee the internet connection of health professional and worker and also that the worker isn´t alone while the EWA.

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Huan, Zhang, Zhang Qipeng, Wang Chao, Xu Jiangguo et Kong Weiwen. « Design of Water Hammer Protection for FPSO Domestic Water System Based on AFT-Impulse ». Dans ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18529.

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Abstract Due to the limitation of cabin space, FPSO domestic water pipe network system has the characteristics of long water delivery distance, more bending of pipeline and frequent opening and closing of valves, etc. The above characteristics are very likely to cause water hammer in the pipeline, resulting in increased risk of safe operation of pipe network system. In this paper, a FPSO domestic water system was taken as the research object. In view of the water hammer problem in the pipe network system, the model of FPSO domestic water system was established by using dynamic fluid analysis software AFT-Impulse, combined with the factors affecting the water hammer phenomenon (such as pipe diameter, velocity of wave, pipe length, pipeline roughness and valve closing time), the steady state analysis and transient analysis of multi-working conditions and multi-scenarios were realized to determine the main control factors. Based on the influence of main control factors, a comparison scheme of water hammer protection in FPSO domestic water system was proposed. Through the transient analysis of AFT-Impulse software under multi-working conditions, the optimal scheme of water hammer protection for FPSO domestic water system was obtained, which provided guarantee for the safe operation of the system.

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Lingelbach, Katharina, Daniel Diers, Michael Bui et Mathias Vukelić. « Investigating Feature Set Decisions for Mental State Decoding in Virtual Reality based Learning Environments ». Dans 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003014.

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In modern workplaces with rapidly changing skill requirements, suitable training and learning environments play a key role for companies to remain competitive, effective and ensure job satisfaction. To provide an immersive, interactive, and engaging learning experience, Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a revolutionary technology. Especially when erroneous behaviour is associated with severe consequences or great resources, VR offers the opportunity to explore actions and visualize consequences in safely and at affordable costs. In addition, it provides an easy way to personalize educational content, learning speed, and/or format to the individual to guarantee a good fit with skills and needs. This is decisive, since insufficient or excessive workload during training sessions results in demotivation and reduced performance. In the latter case, persistent professional exhaustion, pressure to succeed and stress can lead to long-term psychological consequences for employees. Besides skill and ability, current physical conditions (e.g., illness or fatigue) and psychological states (e.g., motivation) also affect the learning performance. To identify and monitor individual mental states, Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) measuring neurophysiological activation patterns, e.g., with an electroencephalography (EEG), or functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can be integrated in a VR-learning environment. Recently, fNIRS, a mobile optical brain imaging technique, has become popular for real-world applications due to its good usability, portability, and ease of use. For the reliable online decoding of mental states, informative neuronal patterns, suitable methods for pre-processing and artefact removal, as well as efficient machine learning algorithms for the classification need to be explored. We, therefore, investigated and decoded different working memory states in a free moving fNIRS experiment presented in VR. different working memory states in a free moving fNIRS VR experiment and the possibility of decoding these states properly. 11 volunteers (four female, right-handed, mean age of 23.73, SD = 1.42, range = 21−26 years) participated in the study. The experimental task was a colour-based visuo-spatial n-back paradigm adapted from Lühmann and colleagues (2019) with a low (1-back) and high working memory load condition (3-back) and a 0-back condition as active baseline. Brain activity was recorded using the mobile NIRx NIRSport2. To capture brain activation patterns associated with working memory load, optode montage was designed to optimally cover the prefrontal cortex (PFC; in particular, dorso- and ventrolateral parts of the PFC) with some lateral restriction by the VR head-mounted display (HMD). fNIRS signals were processed using the python-toolbox mne and mne-nirs. For the decoding of working memory load, we extracted statistical features, that are peak, minimum, average, slope, peak-to-peak, and time-to-peak, from epochs of oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin concentration per channel. A Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Gradient Boosting classifier (XGBoost) were explored and compared to a Dummy classifier (empirical chance level). We also investigated which cortical regions contributed to the decoding when choosing single features and which feature combination was suggested to optimize performance. With this study, we aim to provide empirically supported decision recommendations to reach the next step towards future online decoding pipelines in real-world VR-based learning applications.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Guarantee of working condition"

Wong, Ernest Y., Stephen E. Gauther et Simon R. Goerger. Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) : A Working Partnership between Government, Industry, and Academia. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, juin 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada449019.

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Arráiz, Irani, Marcela Meléndez Arjona et Rodolfo Stucchi. Partial Credit Guarantees and Firm Performance : Evidence from the Colombian National Guarantee Fund. Inter-American Development Bank, septembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011418.

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This paper studies the effect of government-backed partial credit guarantees on firms' performance. These guarantees are automatically granted to firms without enough collateral in order to lift their credit constraints. We put together a panel, covering the period 1997-2007, that combines data from DANE's Annual Manufacturing Survey; DIAN's export and import information; and firm-level records from the National Guarantee Fund (NGF), the government agency in charge of implementing this policy. Using propensity score matching and difference-in-differences, we found that firms that gain access to credit backed by the NGF are able to grow in terms of both output and employment. However, we did not find any effect on productivity, wages, or investment. These results suggest that firms use the new funds as working capital to grow their businesses rather than for investment in new durable goods that increase their capital stock.

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Sun, Lei, Daniel J. Fox, Lucy Joseph, Matthew A. Fisher, Meembo N. Changula, Robert A. Laroco et Taylor K. Newton. Vision Anamosa : Working Together for the Future. A Report and Recommendations on the condition and revitalization of Downtown Anamosa, Iowa. University of Iowa, mai 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/kcg5-3yd3.

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programme, CLARISSA. Children Engage in the Worst Forms of Child Labour Due to Their Family’s Poor Economic Condition. Institute of Development Studies, juillet 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2024.030.

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This document reports on a CLARISSA Nepal Action Research Group located in a major entry and exit point for Kathmandu Valley. This unique group comprised children from diverse backgrounds (both boys and girls, and children working in diverse types of work – from ‘party place’ workers to domestic labourers and street vending children). The theme explored by the group was: children engaged in the worst forms of child labour due to the poor economic condition of their family.

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Battersby, Jane, Mercy Brown-Luthango, Issahaka Fuseini, Herry Gulabani, Gareth Haysom, Ben Jackson, Vrashali Khandelwal et al. Living Off-Grid Food and Infrastructure Collaboration Working Paper 1 : Concepts and Assumptions. Institute of Development Studies, mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/logic.2023.001.

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This working paper is the product of the Living Off-Grid Food and Infrastructure Collaboration. It is designed to bring together our thinking on how infrastructure can shape the food and nutritional security of urban marginalised populations. Infrastructure assemblages include the material (physical and technological), as well as the political and systemic factors that ‘govern’ how infrastructure is developed and used. Urban food systems are made up of public and private actors, and market and governance processes that shape the cost and availability of food in different urban contexts. At the intersection of urban food systems and infrastructure assemblages lies the food and nutrition security of urban dwellers. The framing of contemporary debates and policy priorities with respect to both nutrition and infrastructure are heavily conditioned by presumptions – in favour of formality and griddedness, for example, or of the need to raise agricultural productivity – which fail to reflect the reality of marginalised communities in Southern cities. For these communities, their experience is one of hybridity, with formal and informal infrastructures and economies central to their lives and livelihoods. These hybrid arrangements are imbued with power structures and socio-political dynamics that are context specific and further condition communities’ experiences. Together, these are the factors that condition or shape the possibilities for individuals and households pursuing different food strategies. However, there is a failure to reflect this reality in the conceptualisation of infrastructure challenges, leading to unworkable solutions and policies that end up perpetuating problems. There is an urgent need to reframe problematic assumptions, starting first and foremost from the entry point of urban informal settlements in the global South. By taking food as a lens in this process, we illuminate these contexts, and how they relate to hybrid infrastructure arrangements and potential alternatives. This reformulation is vital at this critical juncture, when Southern cities need infrastructure development that meets the needs of rapidly changing demographics without locking cities and nations into unsustainable pathways.

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Zhu, Qiqi, Jie Deng, Chong Xu, Meixi Yao et Yu Zhu. Effects of physical activity on visuospatial working memory in healthy individuals : a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, août 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0053.

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Review question / Objective: P: Healthy individuals (including children, adolescents, adults, and seniors); I: Individuals who join various physical activities (including aerobic exercise, HIT, yoga, resistance training, Tai Chi, balance training, skill training, et al); C: Individuals who have no movement, do reading, or do same as normal activities; O: 1-Back Test, 2-Back Test, Trail Making Test-A, Trail Making Test-B, Digit Span Forward, Digit Span Backward; S: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Condition being studied: Healthy individuals without any cognitive disorders.

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Ardanaz, Martín, Eduardo A. Cavallo et Alejandro Izquierdo. Fiscal Rules : Challenges and Reform Opportunities for Emerging Markets. Inter-American Development Bank, février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004671.

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Fiscal rules have gained popularity as tools to strengthen debt sustainability by constraining policy discretion. However, their track record in the case of emerging markets is mixed, as setting up a fiscal rule has been no guarantee of debt stabilization. International experience and empirical evidence regarding the working of fiscal rules suggest that paying attention to the quality of rule design, the mechanisms behind better compliance, forward guidance on return to the rule, and the impacts on different dimensions of public finances (particularly spending composition) is key to enhancing fiscal rule performance. In addition, fiscal rules should be complemented with credible medium-term fiscal frameworks and independent fiscal councils that together set relevant policy anchors to support effectively the goal of safeguarding fiscal sustainability.

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Bialus, Diana, Le Thanh Tam, Thi Thu Hien Nguyen et Chu Hong Minh. Financial Access of Women-Owned Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Viet Nam. Asian Development Bank, décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220612-2.

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This working paper identifies challenges in access to finance for women-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Viet Nam and recommends ways to improve it. Out of 27 banks surveyed, the authors found that only 5 cater to the specific needs of SMEs owned by women. The paper proposes ways of incentivizing financial institutions to invest in this market segment. These include requiring gender-disaggregated data reporting, boosting knowledge on gender lens investing, improving guarantee schemes, and promoting lending to women-owned SMEs as an active hedge against portfolio deterioration. The paper recommends that financial institutions introduce regular tracking of gender-disaggregated data at portfolio level, design and implement gender lens strategies, and develop products and services better tailored to the needs and preferences of women-owned businesses.

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Franco Calderón, Ángela María, Gynna Millan Franco, Andrés Sepúlveda et Isabella Jaramillo Díaz. Policy Brief No. 5. Community initiatives for the desing and activation of public spaces in popular neighbourhoods. Universidad del Valle, mars 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/policy-briefs.pb.05-eng.

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Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is the most unequal region in the world (ECLAC, 2022). This condition, added to the limited capacity of states to respond to conditions such as poverty, insecurity, unemployment and lack of adequate housing, has led many people to build their own homes as a direct solution to have a roof. The popular neighbourhoods that emerge as a result of the social production of habitat are not only the physical-spatial expression of a joint project for households, but also social and cultural expressions of collective life that are expressed in the territory with the appropriation and re-signification of public spaces, conceived as spaces for meeting, collective enjoyment, diversity, peaceful deliberation and guarantee of rights. Given the relevance of these spaces for community life, this Policy Brief presents a series of recommendations for the participatory design, activation and sustainability of public spaces as a contribution to the comprehensive habitat upgrading processes.

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Tierney, Geraldine. Climate change trends and impacts at Martin Van Buren National Historic Site : Focused condition assessment report. National Park Service, janvier 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289957.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This assessment synthesizes information about current and projected climate and related impacts at Martin Van Buren National Historic Park (MAVA) in order to help park stewards understand, plan, and manage for climate change. Working with a group of park managers, scientists, and local stake-holders, six key park resources were identified for assessment herein: Climate, Water quantity, Phenology, Agriculture, Trees, and Cultural resources. Where data was available, this analysis assessed current condition and considered mid-century (2030–2060) and end-of-century (2100) impacts based on a range of projected future climate conditions, including reduced, low, high and highest emission pathways. Climate change stressors identified for MAVA include: Increased temperature, increased hot days, increased precipitation, increased extreme precipitation events, increased flooding and erosion, shifting ranges of both native species and pest, pathogen and weed species, and phenological shifts and mismatches.

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