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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Groundwater circulation »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Groundwater circulation"

Olichwer, Tomasz, Robert Tarka et Magdalena Modelska. « Chemical composition of groundwaters in the Hornsund region, southern Spitsbergen ». Hydrology Research 44, n^o 1 (11 juillet 2012) : 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2012.075.

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Chemical composition of groundwaters was investigated in the region of the Hornsund fjord (southern Spitsbergen). The investigations were conducted during polar expeditions organized by the University of Wroclaw in two summer seasons of 2003 and 2006. Three zones of groundwater circulation: suprapermafrost, intrapermafrost and subpermafrost, were identified in areas of perennial permafrost in the region of Hornsund. The zone of shallow circulation occurs in non-glaciated (suprapermafrost) and subglacial areas. In this zone, the chemical composition of groundwater originates from initial chemical composition of precipitation, mineralogical composition of bedrock, oxidation of sulphides and dissolution of carbonates. The intermediate system of circulation is connected with water flow inside and below perennial permafrost (intrapermafrost and subpermafrost). In this zone, the chemical composition of groundwater is mainly controlled by dissolution of carbonates, ion exchange processes involving Ca2+ substitution by Na+, and oxidation of sulphides under oxygen-depleted conditions. The subpermafrost zone (deep groundwater circulation) occurs in deep-tectonic fractures, which are likely conduits for the descent of shallow groundwater to deeper depths. In this zone, the groundwater shows lower mineralization comparing to intrapermafrost zone and has a multi-ion nature Cl–HCO3–Na-Ca–Mg.

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Long, Xiting, Keneng Zhang, Ruiqiang Yuan, Liang Zhang et Zhenling Liu. « Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Constraints on the Pattern of a Deep Circulation Groundwater Flow System ». Energies 12, n^o 3 (28 janvier 2019) : 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030404.

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Characterization of a deep circulation groundwater flow system is a big challenge, because the flow field and aqueous chemistry of deep circulation groundwater is significantly influenced by the geothermal reservoir. In this field study, we employed a geochemical approach to recognize a deep circulation groundwater pattern by combined the geochemistry analysis with isotopic measurements. The water samples were collected from the outlet of the Reshui River Basin which has a hot spring with a temperature of 88 °C. Experimental results reveal a fault-controlled deep circulation geothermal groundwater flow system. The weathering crust of the granitic mountains on the south of the basin collects precipitation infiltration, which is the recharge area of the deep circulation groundwater system. Water infiltrates from the land surface to a depth of about 3.8–4.3 km where the groundwater is heated up to around 170 °C in the geothermal reservoir. A regional active normal fault acts as a pathway of groundwater. The geothermal groundwater is then obstructed by a thrust fault and recharged by the hot spring, which is forced by the water pressure of convection derived from the 800 m altitude difference between the recharge and the discharge areas. Some part of groundwater flow within a geothermal reservoir is mixed with cold shallow groundwater. The isotopic fraction is positively correlated with the seasonal water table depth of shallow groundwater. Basic mineral dissolutions at thermoneutral conditions, hydrolysis with the aid of carbonic acid produced by the reaction of carbon dioxide with the water, and hydrothermal alteration in the geothermal reservoir add some extra chemical components into the geothermal water. The alkaline deep circulation groundwater is chemically featured by high contents of sodium, sulfate, chloride, fluorine, silicate, and some trace elements, such as lithium, strontium, cesium, and rubidium. Our results suggest that groundwater deep circulation convection exists in mountain regions where water-conducting fault and water-blocking fault combined properly. A significant elevation difference of topography is the other key.

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Elmore, Andrew Curtis, et Jason B. Hellman. « Model-Predicted Groundwater Circulation Well Performance ». Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management 5, n^o 4 (octobre 2001) : 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2001)5:4(203).

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Rybach, L. « Deep groundwater circulation in Hercynian basement ». Environmental Geology 32, n^o 2 (15 septembre 1997) : 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050202.

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MATUSIAK, Magdalena, Stanisław DĄBROWSKI et Witold RYNARZEWSKI. « COMPARISON OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELING APPROACHES OF THE MULTILAYER GROUNDWATER SYSTEM IN THE VICINITY OF THE LIS GROUNDWATER INTAKE ». Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego 471 (1 octobre 2018) : 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.5051.

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We analyzed 27 km2 of the Prosna valley aquifer near Kalisz. The region was previously a subject of four model-based studies of local and regional range. Furthermore, additional modelling researches were conducted that aimed at evaluation of Upper Jurassic aquifer exploitation, which seems to be a separate groundwater circulation system. The models used in the analyses differed in terms of grid size (100, 125, 250 and 500 m), groundwater circulation scheme (two-, three- or seven-layered), and the software used (Hydrylib or Modflow). The results of groundwater steady-state flow indicate the essential influence of the groundwater circulation scheme and the mesh size on groundwater flow balance. It also emphasizes the importance of deep aquifers in the detailed model-based study in the case of groundwater intakes located within the river valleys of regional drainage range.

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Dendys, Marta, Andrzej Szczepański et Barbara Tomaszewska. « Groundwater circulation in the Miechów Trough and the central part of the Carpathian Foredeep (Poland) : a hydrogeological conceptual model ». Geologos 24, n^o 3 (1 décembre 2018) : 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logos-2018-0019.

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Abstract The Miechów Trough and the central part of the Carpathian Foredeep in southern Poland have a highly complex geological structure and numerous fault zones. These features play a significant role in hydrogeological conditions of the area. In this area drinking water, medicinal groundwater or thermal groundwater occur, so recognition of their circulations is basic for reasonable groundwater management. In this note, a hydrogeological conceptual model, created for the purpose of regional scale mathematical modelling, is presented. This conceptual model illustrates the geology of the hydrogeological system modelled, as well as hydrogeological conditions and characteristics of groundwater circulation, as determined by tectonics. Typical of the research area is the wide diversity of geological and hydrogeological conditions. The Busko-Zdrój area, a region with a long history of exploitation of medicinal groundwater, presents the best example.

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He, Min, Juan Juan Jin et Peng Liu. « Application Research on Groundwater Circulation Exploration Based on Fluent Simulation ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (mai 2014) : 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.940.

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It is very important to study the groundwater circulation and water chemistry evolution in the management and protection of water pollution. We use the Fluent simulation technology and the isotope tracer method to do simulation on the flow and distribution of groundwater. In the simulation process we set the model of Fluent isotope labeling group, and enter the groundwater flow parameters in the boundary condition, including water viscosity, osmotic pressure, and the average flow velocity. We use isotope tracer method to simulate the water flow. Finally, according to the law of groundwater flow, we predict the evolution rules of groundwater chemical by using the inverse geochemical simulation technology. It provides a theoretical basis for the management and protection of groundwater pollution.

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Zhao, Yuqing, You-Kuan Zhang, Yonglin Yang, Feifei Li et Sa Xiao. « Groundwater Circulation in the Xianshui River Fault Region : A Hydrogeochemical Study ». Water 12, n^o 12 (25 novembre 2020) : 3310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123310.

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Water samples from rainfall, river, springs, and wells in the Xianshui River fault region near Xialatuo, China were collected during two sampling campaigns to investigate the complex groundwater circulation in the region. The major ions, stable isotopes, and four natural radium isotopes of the water samples were analyzed, and the results were utilized to identify different groundwater circulation depths. Most water samples excluding the one at a hot spring and the one at a borehole possess similar hydrochemical compositions and lower total dissolved solids (TDS), implying that their circulation depth is relatively shallow or that residence time is short. The sample at the hot spring has high TDS and high temperature as well as the high F concentration, inferring that it may circulate at a deeper depth. The sample at the borehole contains mixed hydrochemical characteristics of other samples. Three groundwater flow systems may exist in the study area: the shallow groundwater system recharged by precipitations and local groundwater flow, the deep groundwater system recharged by the regional groundwater flow, and the intermediate one between the above two systems. The finding of the three flow systems is supported by the δ2H and δ18O as well as the apparent radium ages of the samples. The δ2H and δ18O values at the intercept of the line formed by the shallow groundwater samples and the local meteoric water line (LMWL) are similar to those of modern precipitations. The δ2H and δ18O values at the intercept of the line formed by the deep groundwater samples and the LMWL show that it is probably recharged by relatively older precipitations. The 2H and 18O values of the borehole samples are between the above two intercept points. The deep-circulated groundwater with high temperature has longer apparent radium age than other water samples. The apparent radium ages of the shallow groundwater are similar but less than that of the deep groundwater. Groundwater at the borehole may circulate at a depth between the above two. The results of this study improve our understanding of the complex groundwater circulation and enable us to better protect and manage the groundwater resources in the region.

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Xia, Yubo, Haitao Li, Bing Wang, Zhen Ma, Xu Guo, Kai Zhao et Changrong Zhao. « Characterization of Shallow Groundwater Circulation Based on Chemical Kinetics : A Case Study of Xiong’an New Area, China ». Water 14, n^o 12 (11 juin 2022) : 1880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14121880.

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Xiong’an New Area, located in the middle of the North China Plain, will have been built as a “city of the future.” Urban planning and construction need to comprehensively consider the constraints of hydrogeological conditions such as aquifer structure and parameters. As the main aquifer in this area, the paleo-channel is heterogeneous and anisotropic, and the two-dimensional hydraulic conductivity in each horizontal direction cannot be obtained from aquifer tests. Therefore, this study adopts a chemical kinetics method to calculate the ionic activity and mineral saturation indices of shallow groundwater, determine the groundwater chemical potential field, and construct a horizontal two-dimensional groundwater chemical kinetics model. This model is used to calculate the hydraulic conductivity, flow rate and retention time of groundwater in areas of different chemical kinetics, as well as evaluate horizontal heterogeneity of the Quaternary paleo-channel aquifer. The results indicate that the groundwater chemical potential field can reflect the characteristics of the groundwater seepage field in each horizontal direction. The paleo-channel is the main channel of groundwater circulation, which shows the statistical difference of its permeability. Alluvial and lacustrine strata affect groundwater circulation due to their different hydrogeological structures and permeability. The groundwater chemical kinetics results of hydraulic conductivity along the paleo-channel are approximately consistent with traditional hydrogeological calculation results derived from aquifer test data. Hydraulic conductivity is higher in the extension direction of the paleo-channel, and lower if the path crosscuts multiple paleo-channels. This feature can be used to build a hydrogeological structure model combined with drilling data. Furthermore, excessive groundwater exploitation will change the actual flow rate and retention time of groundwater, thereby affecting the groundwater circulation conditions. This study of groundwater circulation in Xiong’an New Area by means of chemical kinetics makes up for the deficiency in the study of the unconsolidated sedimentary aquifer anisotropy within the paleo-channel.

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Dinkel, Eva, Burga Braun, Josephin Schröder, Moritz Muhrbeck, Winfried Reul, Alexander Meeder, Ulrich Szewzyk et Traugott Scheytt. « Groundwater circulation wells for geothermal use and their impact on groundwater quality ». Geothermics 86 (juillet 2020) : 101812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2020.101812.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Groundwater circulation"

Bajjali, William Tawfiq. « Recharge and regional circulation of thermal groundwater in northern Jordan using isotope geochemistry ». Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6671.

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The scarcity of water resources in Jordan poses difficulties for the development of the country and its relationship with its neighbours. Thermal groundwaters recently identified in the northern part of the country represent a 40 MCM/y resources for exploitation to meet the increasing demand for water. These thermal groundwaters are found in three well fields (Mukhebeh, JRV and Ramtha) and were investigated to determine their recharge origin, mean subsurface residence times, and the source of heat. They discharge in the northern part of Jordan Rift Valley and the rifted Yarmouk Valley, which are low elevation (50 to 150 m below sea level) zones of recent tectonism and volcanic activity. The range of temperatures is 30 and 56$\sp\circ$C and salinities vary between 500 and 2500 mg/l. Non-thermal groundwaters within the study area have also been studied. In particular shallow groundwater in adjacent highlands region (Ajloun Mountains) are examined to determine their role in recharge to those regional flow systems. The principal aquifer is the Upper Cretaceous B2/A7 group, a package of carbonate formations with high kerogen content at depth. This aquifer outcrops in the Ajloun Mountains and flanking regions and is confined by overlying marls in the down gradient regions. A deeper sandstone aquifer underlies the study area and hosts thermal groundwater which was sampled in the Ramtha area. The major geochemical processes in the subsurface have generated various geochemical facies in the thermal waters. These include carbonate dissolution to calcite saturation in the recharge areas. The thermal groundwater in Mukhebeh and JRV well fields are found to be chemically similar to the carbonate groundwater from Ajloun mountains recharge area. All thermal waters are characterized by sulphate reduction, driven by oxidation of kerogen. Sulphate is of marine evaporite origin dissolved from within the aquifer with a component of volcanogenic sulphur. Some thermal waters have also Na-Cl salinity component related to evaporite dissolution. The thermal waters are of meteoric provenance, originating as rain falling over the carbonate highlands in Jordan and Syria. The $\delta\sp $O and $\delta$D isotopic data show that all thermal groundwaters are largely associated with Eastern Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line, signifying recharge under the climate regime which dominates today in Jordan. The exception is groundwater from the deep sandstone aquifer which is associated with Global Meteoric Water Line, signifying recharge during Pleistocene time. The isotopic composition of groundwater suggests two distinct recharge areas for the Mukhebeh well field: Ajloun Mountains (Jordan) and Mount Hermon (Syria). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Winter-Billington, Alexandra. « The hydrological system and climate of Brewster Glacier, Tititea Mt Aspiring National Park, Southern Alps, Aotearoa New Zealand, in the context of climate change : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physical Geography / ». ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/670.

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Nespoli, Massimo <1988&gt. « Modeling earthquake-fluid interaction : shallow effects on groundwater circulation and induced seismicity in deep geothermal exploitation ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7530/1/nespoli_massimo_tesi.pdf.

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The interaction between earthquakes and crustal fluids is a very complex topic due to several mechanisms that are involved and which influence each other. Some phenomena, like the alterations of springs discharge rates and fluid flow, liquefaction and changing of the water levels in phreatic wells are largely documented in the literature, but their explanation is not yet fully clear. Furthermore, these phenomena can greatly change with the rock type, the earthquake magnitude and the observation distance from the fault. Within a distance of a few fault lengths from the epicenter, an earthquake can alter both the regional stress field and the hydraulic properties of the rocks, influencing the underground fluid distribution. In this thesis, I apply the numerical simulator TOUGH2 to represent the changes in water level of some wells after the ML 5.9 earthquake that took place in Italy in 2012. The model shows that the wells response to the seismic event can be represented imposing a static stress change and highlights the role of the soil stratigraphy. This zone is also well known for localized methane seepages associated with anomalous soil temperatures. I simulate the process and draw some conclusions on the nature of this phenomenon and on the possible interactions with the local seismicity. Finally, I study the earthquake-fluid interaction from the opposite point of view: looking at how fluids can promote seismicity. I present the results obtained by coupling the TOUGH2 geothermal simulator with a stochastic seed model of seismicity. The coupled simulation could capture the main characteristics of the seismicity induced by the fluid injection in a seismically active area.
L'interazione tra terremoti e fluidi crostali è un argomento molto complesso per via dei numerosi meccanismi che sono coinvolti e che si influenzano a vicenda. Alcuni fenomeni, come l'alterazione delle sorgenti e del flusso di fluidi, la liquefazione e il cambiamento del livello d'acqua nei pozzi freatici, sono largamente documentati in letteratura, tuttavia la loro spiegazione non è ancora del tutto chiara. Oltretutto, questi fenomeni possono cambiare sensibilmente in base al tipo di roccia, alla magnitudo del terremoto e alla distanza dalla faglia. Entro una distanza di poche lunghezze di faglia dall'epicentro, un terremoto può modificare sia il campo di sforzo regionale che le proprietà idrauliche della roccia, influenzando la distribuzione dei fluidi nel sottosuolo. In questa tesi utilizzo il simulatore numerico TOUGH2 per rappresentare la variazione del livello d'acqua di alcuni pozzi successivamente al terremoto di magnitudo ML5.9 che avvenne in Italia nel 2012. Il modello mostra che la risposta dei pozzi al terremoto può essere rappresentata imponendo una variazione di stress statico ed evidenzia l'importanza della stratigrafia del sottosuolo. Questa zona è ben nota anche per emissioni di metano localizzate, associate a riscaldamenti anomali del sottosuolo. In questa tesi presento delle simulazioni per rappresentare questo processo e traggo alcune conclusioni circa la natura di questo fenomeno e sulle sue possibili interazioni con la sismicità locale. In ultimo, studio la relazione tra fluidi e terremoto dal punto di vista opposto: come I fluidi possono facilitare la sismicità. Presento i risultati ottenuti accoppiando il simulatore geotermico TOUGH2 con un modello sismico, stocastico, a “seed”. La simulazione accoppiata è in grado di catturare le caratteristiche principali della sismicità indotta dall'iniezione di fluidi in un'area sismicamente attiva.

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Schaffer-Jin, Yulan [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Sauter et Ekkehard [Akademischer Betreuer] Holzbecher. « Investigations on groundwater dewatering by using vertical circulation wells : Numerical simulation method development and field validation / Yulan Schaffer-Jin. Gutachter : Martin Sauter ; Ekkehard Holzbecher. Betreuer : Martin Sauter ». Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1068361964/34.

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Bejannin, Simon. « Décharge d'eau souterraine en mer et circulation d'eau de mer dans les sédiments : flux d'eau et d'éléments chimiques le long du littoral méditerranéen français ». Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30324.

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L’importance hydrogéologique et biogéochimique des apports d’eau souterraine en mer a récemment été mise en évidence. De nombreuses études ont été réalisées à travers le monde, mais très peu ont été menées sur le littoral méditerranéen, malgré la présence de nombreuses résurgences karstiques (Port-Miou, La Palme, Font Estramar…). L’utilisation de l’imagerie infrarouge thermique a permis la détection des décharges d’eau souterraine le long de ce littoral. Les flux d’eau et de nutriments ont ensuite été estimés à l’aide des isotopes du radium (223Ra, 224Ra et 228Ra). Nous montrons que les flux de nutriments associés aux décharges d’eau souterraine et aux flux de circulation d’eau dans les sédiments sont similaires voire supérieurs (jusqu’à 20 fois) aux apports de nutriments associés aux fleuves, à l’exception du Rhône. Nous montrons finalement que les flux associés aux décharges d’eau souterraine en mer et à la circulation de l’eau de mer dans les sédiments ont lieu tout le long du littoral méditerranéen français, à l’inverse des fleuves qui se déchargent ponctuellement. Ces flux sont donc à prendre en compte dans les bilans d’éléments chimiques, nottament à l’échelle régionale (Golfe du Lion)
The hydrogeological and biogeochemical importance of submarine groundwater inputs has recently been highlighted. Numerous studies around the world have shown that these contributions can challenge fluvial inputs. However, very few studies have been conducted along the French Mediterranean coastline despite the presence of several springs discharging directly into the sea. Submarine groundwater discharge locations were first detected using thermal infrared images. Water and nutrient flux were then estimated using radium isotopes (223Ra, 224Ra and 228Ra). Nutrient inputs are similar (and even greater, up to 20 times higher) to the local river inputs, except the Rhône River. We show that the nutrient fluxes driven by either submarine groundwater discharge (direct inputs of groundwater) or the circulation of seawater through the sediments are significant. These fluxes exist all along the French Mediterranean coastline. This is in contrast with the river inputs which are local inputs. These fluxes need to be considered in the chemical oceanic budgets (coastal seas and likely also in the sea/ocean budgets). These nutrient fluxes may have an impact on the quality of the coastal waters and on the coastal ecosystems

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Ben, Maamar Sarah. « Biodiversité des eaux souterraines dans un gradient de temps de résidence et d'influence anthropique : approches métagénomique et géochimique couplées ». Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S108/document.

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Les aquifères de socle fracturés très répandus en Bretagne, constituent des formations géologiques hétérogènes renfermant des ressources en eau. Ces structures sont souvent constituées d'une zone altérée et d'une zone fracturée. La zone altérée est peu épaisse et proche de la surface, elle est constituée de roches altérées envahies par l'eau souterraine qui y circule rapidement des hauts topographiques du bassin versant vers l'exutoire. L'eau y présente des temps de résidence courts (<20 ans) et est souvent polluée par les nitrates. La zone altérée située plus en profondeur et plus épaisse est constituée de roches dures traversées par des fractures. L'eau circule exclusivement au travers de fractures et lentement, le temps de résidence de l'eau y est donc long (>40 ans). Dans cette zone, l'eau est plus minéralisée et souvent riche en fer en Bretagne. Ces différentes circulations d'eau, induisent des conditions chimiques contrastées dans les zones altérée et fracturée, mais leur effet sur l'écosystème microbien des eaux souterraines n'a jamais été exploré. Cette étude montre que les circulations hydrologiques influencent à l'échelle régionale et locale la structuration des communautés microbiennes au sein des eaux souterraines d'aquifères de socle. La position d'une eau souterraine le long des voies de circulations des eaux souterraines dites « boucles hydrologiques » contrôle directement la structure des communautés microbiennes via le contrôle de la succession des donneurs et accepteurs d'électrons disponibles. Les communautés microbiennes analysées montrent une prédominance de Nitrobacter. Dans l'eau souterraine récente (<20 ans) donc principalement dans la zone altérée, les Nitrobacter. sont surtout des Comamonadaceae et Oxalobacteraceae, microorganismes versatiles et capables de dénitrifier. Dans l'eau souterraine ancienne (>40 ans) et isolée donc dans la zone fracturée, ce sont en grande majorité des Gallionellaceae, microorganismes microaérophiles spécialisés dans l'oxydation du fer(II). La prédominance des Gallionellaceae dans la zone fracturée suggère un écosystème profond basé sur l'oxydation du fer(II). Cependant, ce processus suppose une arrivée minimale d'oxygène dans la partie profonde, via par exemple un mélange avec une masse d'eau récente oxygénée. La proportion de Gallionellaceae dans les différentes eaux analysées montre une corrélation positive avec le degré de mélange des eaux anciennes avec des eaux récentes, jusqu'à une limite de 20% d'eau récente. Le suivi temporel de la dynamique des communautés d'un aquifère avant et au début de la recharge a montré dans la zone altérée des conditions chimiques très fluctuantes et une communauté microbienne très changeante mais toujours constituée de nombreux potentiels dénitrifiants. Dans la zone fracturée, la communauté dominée par les Gallionellaceae est relativement stable, malgré des changements chimiques ponctuels substantiels et un degré de mélange transitoire important (jusqu'à 60% d'eau récente) au début de la recharge. Les Gallionellaceae semblent donc capables de résister à des changements ponctuels et importants des conditions chimiques. Les eaux souterraines de la partie profonde des aquifères, bien qu'isolées, restent relativement connectées à la surface ce qui permet probablement le maintien de l'écosystème microbien profond
Hard-rock aquifers are heterogeneous geological structure very widespread in Britany that have the property to store groundwater. These aquifers are often made of a weathered zone and a fractured zone. The weathered zone is a rather thin layer close to the surface and is constituted of weathered rocks submerged in groundwater. In this zone, groundwater circulates rapidly from the upper parts of the watershed to the aquifer outlet, thus shows short groundwater residence time (< 20y) and is often polluted by nitrates. The fractured zone is located deeper and is thicker. It is composed of fresh rocks crossed by fractures in which groundwater exclusively flows with a very slow velocity, thus groundwater residence time in this zone is rather long (>40 y). In the fractured zone, groundwater is much more mineralized and often rich in iron, in Britany. The differences of flow velocities in the weathered and the fractured zones are responsible for contrasted chemical conditions in these two zones, but the influence of groundwater flow velocity on the microbial ecosystem in groundwater remains largely unexplored. This work shows hydrologic circulations influence the microbial community structuration in hard-rock aquifer groundwater at regional and local scales. Position of a groundwater along a hydrologic flowpath or a “hydrological loop” directly controls microbial community structure through the control of the successively available electron donors and acceptors. The analyzed microbial communities show a predominance of Betaproteobacteria. In recent groundwater (< 20y) thus particularly in the weathered zone, Betaproteobacteria are mainly Comamonadaceae and Oxalobacteraceae, which are generalists able to do denitrification. In old and isolated groundwater (> 40y) thus particularly in the fractured zone, Betaproteobacteria are mainly Gallionellaceae, which are microaerophilic iron-oxidizer. The predominance of Gallionellaceae in the fractured zone suggests a deep ecosystem based on iron oxidation. However, this process implies a minimal input of oxygen in the deeper part, for instance via mixing with recent oxygenated groundwater. Proportion of Gallionellaceae in the different analyzed groundwater shows a positive correlation with the degree of mixing between old and recent groundwater, up to a limit of 20% of recent groundwater. The temporal microbial community dynamics in a single aquifer, before and during the beginning of recharge, demonstrated in the weathered part very fluctuant chemical conditions and a shifting microbial community that remains always composed of numerous potential denitrifiers. In the fractured part, microbial community is dominated by Gallionellaceae and remains rather stable, despite the punctual but substantial changing of the chemical conditions and degree of mixing (up to 60% of recent groundwater) at the beginning of the recharge. Gallionellaceae seem thus able to resist to important and punctual chemical conditions changings. Groundwater in the deeper part of aquifers, even isolated, remains relatively connected to surface, likely allowing the deep microbial ecosystem to maintain

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Ranchoux, Coralie. « Caractérisation géochimique et datation des circulations d'eaux profondes dans la zone critique : cas du bassin versant du Strengbach ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAH010.

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Le travail de thèse porte sur la caractérisation géochimique et la détermination des temps de résidence des eaux circulant dans la partie profonde du substratum du bassin versant du Strengbach. Le travail s’appuie sur l’étude comparée des variations chimiques, isotopiques (87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd et (234U/238U)) et des geochronomètres des eaux (CFC-SF6, 14C, 4He) d’échantillons de sources, de piézomètres (15 m de profondeur) et de forages profonds. Les résultats mettent en évidence deux types d’eaux, avec des eaux peu chargées en surface (eaux de sources et de piézomètres) et des eaux plus chargées en profondeur, au regard des principales fractures. L’origine de ces différences a été discutée en termes de variation des temps de résidence et d’un point de vue des interactions eaux-roches. Cette étude a montré qu’un facteur important expliquant ces différences est le temps de résidence des eaux, avec des eaux récentes dans le système superficiel et des eaux anciennes (sup. à 1000 ans) dans le système profond. L’analyse isotopique a montré que les signatures Sr-Nd des différentes masses d’eaux peuvent, au premier ordre, s’expliquer par la dissolution des pôles phosphates-plagioclase-biotite classiquement utilisés sur le bassin. La variation entre les différentes eaux profondes suggère des interactions avec des minéraux secondaires spécifiques pour chacune des eaux
The PhD thesis concerns the geochemical characterization and the determination of the residence times of the water circulating in the deep part of the substratum of the Strengbach catchment. The work is based on the comparative study of chemical, isotopic variations (87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd and (234U/238U)) and water geochronometers (CFC-SF6, 14C, 4He) of samples from spring, piezometers (15 m deep) and deep boreholes.The results highlight two types of water, with lower cationic loads for surface waters (spring and piezometer water) than deep water, sampled in front of the main fractures. The origin of these differences has been discussed in terms of variation in residence times and from a point of view of water-rock interactions. This study has shown that an important factor explaining these differences is the residence time of waters, with recent waters in the surface system and old waters (more than 1000 years) in the deep system. The isotopic analysis has shown that the Sr-Nd signatures of the different water can, at first order, be explained by the dissolution of the phosphate-plagioclase-biotite end-members conventionally used on the catchment. The variation between the different deep waters suggests interactions with specific secondary minerals for each of the waters

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Lee, Po-Yu, et 李柏瑜. « A Study on the Using Groundwater Circulation to Lowering Interior Space Temperature ». Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7wy2dt.

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碩士
國立勤益科技大學
冷凍空調系
102
The location of Taiwan is in the subtropical zone. Sunshine of summer is for so long time, the weather is very hot. More than 90% of the domestic building is consist of reinforced concrete structure. some buildings have a hut on the roof, so the inside of building is very hot, especially on the top floor. Wall still maintain high temperature after the sun goes down. In order to solve the house and the wall of the heat absorbed. Larger air conditioning output to be processed. Lead to increased energy consumption and costs-it’s non-economic way. Therefore, renewable and clean energy raised by many experts. They hope to reduce the impact to environment. The use of groundwater resources for control indoor temperature is one of the items being discussed. The main purpose of this study is to make use of groundwater resources, with brass waterways, small-scale trials, hoping to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature, and save energy. Explicit findings, daily high temperature during, 20℃, the maximum flow rate of the cooling water 90LPM can reduce the indoor temperature 9℃，can be taken away most about 56511J/s heat.

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Hsu, Ming-Yi, et 徐明逸. « Research on the Feasibility of Circulation System on Electrolyzing Oxidation Treatment of Trichlorethylene in Groundwater ». Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24573877272742622421.

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碩士
崑山科技大學
環境工程研究所
105
In this study, IrO2 electrode and Pt electrode were selected as working electrode to conduct electrolysis experiments of TCE-contaminated groundwater. The removals of TCE were examined under various potential controls in the batch reactor as well as in the continuous-flow reactor. The results of IrO2 batch experiments showed that removal efficiencies are 82.29%, 85.37%, 99.84% and 99.9% after electrolyzing 2 hour at 1.5 V, 2.0 V, 2.5V and 3.0 V, respectively. The results of Pt batch experiments showed that removal efficiencies are 40.51%, 64.31%, 76.47% and 99.9% after electrolyzing 2 hour at 1.5 V, 2.0 V, 2.5V and 3.0 V, respectively. Removal efficiencies of TCE were increasing with control potentials. The complete removal of TCE can be attained above 2.5 V in the IrO2-electrolytic system and at 3.0 V in the Pt- electrolytic system. Continuous flows were set at 1200 ml/hr, 2400 ml/hr and 4800 ml/hr to simulate different levels of groundwater flow. The electrolyzing potentials were operated at 2.5 V in the IrO2-electrolytic system and at 3.0 V in the Pt- electrolytic system. The results of continuous flow experiments showed that TCE and DCE were completely removed from groundwater samples both in the IrO2-electrolytic system and the Pt- electrolytic system. The pseudo first-order kinetic rate constants are 0.0568 min-1 for TCE and 0.848 min-1 for DCE in the IrO2--electrolytic system. The pseudo first-order kinetic rate constants are 0.0998 min-1 for TCE and 0.0827 min-1 for DCE in the Pt--electrolytic system. The characteristics of reductive dechlorination were noticed as pH drop, ORP drop and chloride generation after electrolysis experiments. Water samples were taken from the reactor for the GC/MS analysis, and TCE as well as its degradation intermediates were not detected. Gaseous samples were taken from the headspace of the reactor for CO2 detection, and the presence of CO2 provided the supportive finding of TCE mineralization.

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Livres sur le sujet "Groundwater circulation"

N, Panin G., dir. Gidrofizicheskie aspekty vzaimodeĭstvii͡a︡ vod sushi. Moskva : "Nauka", 1990.

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Processus hydrogéologiques et hydrochimiques dans les circulations profondes des calcaires du Malm de l'arc jurassien : (zones de Delèmont, Yverdon-les-Bains, Moiry, Genéve et Aix-les-Bains). Zürich : Schweizerische Geotechnische Kommission, 1999.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Groundwater circulation"

Price, Michael. « Water in circulation ». Dans Introducing Groundwater, 13–19. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1811-2_3.

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Bonacci, Ognjen. « Principles of Karst Groundwater Circulation ». Dans Karst Hydrology, 18–48. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83165-2_3.

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Scesi, Laura, et Paola Gattinoni. « Methods and Models to Simulate the Groundwater Flow in Rock Masses ». Dans Water Circulation in Rocks, 87–99. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2417-6_5.

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Stamm, J., M. Scholz et M. Löseke. « 3D Vertical Circulation Flows around Groundwater Circulation Wells (GZB) for Aquifer Remediation : Numerical Calculations and Field Experiments ». Dans Soil & ; Environment, 171–81. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_26.

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Saaltink, Maarten W., et Jesús Carrera. « Simulation of reactive transport in groundwater. A comparison of two calculation methods ». Dans Ocean Circulation and Pollution Control — A Mathematical and Numerical Investigation, 99–111. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18780-3_6.

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Griesser, Jean-Claude, et Ladislaus Rybach. « Numerical Thermohydraulic Modeling of Deep Groundwater Circulation in Crystalline Basement : An Example of Calibration ». Dans Hydrogeological Regimes and Their Subsurface Thermal Effects, 65–74. Washington, D. C. : American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm047p0065.

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Bürmann, W. « Groundwater Remediation by the Circulation Flow around the Combined Withdrawal and Infiltration Well — Operation and Dimensioning of the Well ». Dans Contaminated Soil ’90, 1149–50. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3270-1_260.

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Buermann, W. « Investigation on the Circulation Flow Around the Combined Wthdrawal and Infiltration Well for Groundwater Remediation — Demonstrated for the Underpressure Vaporizer Well (UVB) ». Dans Contaminated Soil ’90, 1045–52. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3270-1_232.

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« groundwater circulation ». Dans Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 641. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_72552.

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Borden, R. C., T. Clayton, E. R. Stewart, M. A. Vergonio et R. S. Cherry. « Direct push Groundwater Circulation Wells ». Dans Groundwater 2000, 359–60. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078593-177.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Groundwater circulation"

Hou Guangcai, Su Xiaosi, Yin Lihe, Li Hongbo, Li Ying, Huang Jinting et Zhang Jing. « Groundwater circulation patterns in the northern Cretaceous Basin, China ». Dans 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection (ISWREP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswrep.2011.5893011.

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Li, Mingsong, et Hubert Barnes. « Orbitally Forced Groundwater Circulation and Sphalerite Growth in the Upper Mississippi Valley District ». Dans Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1500.

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Paldor, Anner, Einat Aharonov et Oded Katz. « THERMO-HALINE CIRCULATION IN CONFINED COASTAL AQUIFERS AND RESULTING DEEP SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-319943.

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Smerdon, Brian, et W. Payton Gardner. « CAN RIVER WATER DATA BE LEVERAGED TO UNDERSTAND GROUNDWATER CIRCULATION FOR A LARGE AREA ? » Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-282756.

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Frisbee, Marty D. « GEOLOGIC CONTROLS ON CIRCULATION DEPTHS, GEOCHEMICAL KINETICS, AND RESIDENCE TIMES OF MOUNTAIN GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-338551.

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Eun Mi Hong, Jin-Yong Choi, Seung-Hwan Yoo, Won Ho Nam et In Gyu Choi. « Estimation of Groundwater Nitrate-N applying SCB Liquid Manure in Bio-Circulation Experimental Forest using GLEAMS Model ». Dans 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. St. Joseph, MI : American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.37808.

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Sánchez-Murillo, Ricardo. « Tracer hydrology of the data-scarce and heterogeneous Central American Isthmus ». Dans I Congreso Internacional de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/cicen.1.36.

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Numerous socio-economic activities depend on the seasonal rainfall and groundwater recharge cycle across the Central American Isthmus. Population growth and unregulated land use changes resulted in extensive surface water pollution and a large dependency on groundwater resources. This chapter uses stable isotope variations in rainfall, surface water, and groundwater of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Honduras to develop a regionalized rainfall isoscape, isotopic lapse rates, spatial-temporal isotopic variations, and air mass back trajectories determining potential mean recharge elevations, moisture circulation patterns, and surface water-groundwater interactions. Intra-seasonal rainfall modes resulted in two isotopically depleted incursions (W-shaped isotopic pattern) during the wet season and two enriched pulses during the Mid-Summer Drought and the months of the strongest trade winds. Notable isotopic sub-cloud fractionation and near-surface secondary evaporation were identified as common denominators within the Central American Dry Corridor. Groundwater and surface water isotope ratios depicted the strong orographic separation into the Caribbean and Pacific domains, mainly induced by the governing moisture transport from the Caribbean Sea, complex rainfall producing systems across the N-S mountain range, and the subsequent mixing with local evapotranspiration, and, to a lesser degree, the eastern Pacific Ocean fluxes. Groundwater recharge was characterized by a) depleted recharge in highland areas (72.3%), b) rapid recharge via preferential flow paths (13.1%), and enriched recharge due to near-surface secondary fractionation (14.6%). Median recharge elevation ranged from 1,104 to 1,979 m a.s.l. These results are intended to enhance forest conservation practices, inform water protection regulations, and facilitate water security and sustainability planning in the Central American Isthmus.

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Manning, Andrew H., Lyndsay B. Ball, Richard B. Wanty, Philip L. Verplanck et Kenneth H. Williams. « CONSTRAINTS ON THE DEPTH OF ACTIVE GROUNDWATER CIRCULATION IN A SEDIMENTARY-ROCK MOUNTAIN BLOCK PROVIDED BY TEMPERATURE, CHEMISTRY, AND AGE DATA ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-338976.

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Akib, Shatirah, Afshin Jahangirzadeh, Babak Kamali et Noor Liana Mamat. « Sea Level Rise and Implication on Coastal Process : A Review ». Dans ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84205.

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The purpose of this review paper is to summarise the literature on sea level rise and its implication on coastal process. Sea level rise is the increase of volume of water in the oceans and seas relative to increase in height when compared to the ground level. Sea water covers increase when the sea level raises increase. Coastal process is the set of mechanisms that operate along a coastline, bringing about various combinations of erosion and deposition. Impacts in vulnerable regions of the Earth will be expected to have far reaching and dramatic by an accelerated global sea level rise. The other impacts of rising sea level are changes in salinity distribution in estuaries alteration in coastal circulation patterns, destruction of transportation infrastructure in low lying areas, and increase in pressure on coastal levee systems. The causes of a sea level rise are global warming and excessive extraction of groundwater in some areas.

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Funabiki, Ayako, Taisei Yabuki et Masahito Oguma. « Optimum Heating Pattern of a Ground Source Heat Reference Map ». Dans ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49117.

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A ground source heat reference map (GSHRM) shows the minimum necessary thermal performance of the ground heat exchanger (GHE) of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. Thermal performance depends on thermal properties of the ground, the ground temperature profile, heat advection by groundwater flow, and the GHE operating pattern. This study modeled optimum heating and cooling modes for a GSHRM. First, continuous and intermittent operation modes were compared, and a standard operation time was defined. In a standard household GSHP system, the quantity of heat transferred from the ground depends on household energy demand, which is relatively constant. Once the demand is known, an operation mode is selected that can meet it. Continuous operation increased the total amount of heat exchanged over a period of time but lowered the heat flux at the GHE, whereas intermittent operation with relatively long stopped periods decreased the total amount of heat but did not greatly decrease the heat flux at the GHE. Second, energy-saving efficiency and cost factors were compared among intermittent operation modes. Operation costs consist of the electrical energy supplied to the heat and circulation pumps. At a given operation time, the energy supplied to the heat pump depends on its coefficient of performance (COP), whereas that supplied to the circulation pump depends on its pressure loss, hence on the GHE length. A long GHE has a higher initial cost. Thus, the optimum heating pattern must consider the configuration of the GSHP system, including energy-saving efficiency and cost factors.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Groundwater circulation"

Heath, Jeff. Groundwater Circulation Well Environmental Cleanup Systems,. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada302122.

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Borden, R. E., et Robert Stephen Cherry. Direct Push Groundwater Circulation Wells for Remediation of BTEX and Volatile Organics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911469.

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Borden, R. C., et R. S. Cherry. Direct Push Groundwater Circulation Wells for Remediation of BTEX and Volatile Organics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/776388.

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Smuin, D. R., E. E. Morti, J. L. Zutman et D. A. Pickering. Dual wall reverse circulation drilling with multi-level groundwater sampling for groundwater contaminant plume delineation at Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Paducah, Kentucky. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), août 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/104412.

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Allmon, Wade E., Lorne G. Everett, Alison T. Lightner, Bruce Alleman et Thomas J. Boyd. Groundwater Circulating Well Technology Assessment. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mai 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418947.

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Alleman, Bruce D. Groundwater Circulating Well Assessment and Guidance. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada583026.

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Chen, Z., S. E. Grasby, C. Deblonde et X. Liu. AI-enabled remote sensing data interpretation for geothermal resource evaluation as applied to the Mount Meager geothermal prospective area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330008.

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The objective of this study is to search for features and indicators from the identified geothermal resource sweet spot in the south Mount Meager area that are applicable to other volcanic complexes in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt. A Landsat 8 multi-spectral band dataset, for a total of 57 images ranging from visible through infrared to thermal infrared frequency channels and covering different years and seasons, were selected. Specific features that are indicative of high geothermal heat flux, fractured permeable zones, and groundwater circulation, the three key elements in exploring for geothermal resource, were extracted. The thermal infrared images from different seasons show occurrence of high temperature anomalies and their association with volcanic and intrusive bodies, and reveal the variation in location and intensity of the anomalies with time over four seasons, allowing inference of specific heat transform mechanisms. Automatically extracted linear features using AI/ML algorithms developed for computer vision from various frequency bands show various linear segment groups that are likely surface expression associated with local volcanic activities, regional deformation and slope failure. In conjunction with regional structural models and field observations, the anomalies and features from remotely sensed images were interpreted to provide new insights for improving our understanding of the Mount Meager geothermal system and its characteristics. After validation, the methods developed and indicators identified in this study can be applied to other volcanic complexes in the Garibaldi, or other volcanic belts for geothermal resource reconnaissance.

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