Thèses : « Groth of Rural and Urban Settlement »

1

Kumalo, Sibongiseni. « The rural-urban interface : the ambiguous nature of informal settlements, with special reference to the Daggafontein settlement in Gauteng / ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/176/.

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2

Lange, Jérôme. « Population growth, the settlement process and economic progress : Adam Smith's theory of demo-economic development ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E039/document.

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La population - en son sens originel de processus de peuplement - est un sujet étonnamment absent de l'énorme volume d’études sur Adam Smith. Ce thème était au centre de la philosophie morale et de l'économie politique du 18e siècle, les deux domaines auxquels les contributions de Smith sont les plus connues. Son importance dans l’œuvre de Smith a été obscurcie au 20e siècle par une focalisation étroite sur les questions économiques dans la littérature secondaire. Pour une analyse intégrale de son œuvre, il est essentiel que la place centrale du peuplement soit révélée. Trois thèmes aujourd'hui considérés comme essentiels au projet de Smith sont ainsi intimement liés à la population : le lien entre division du travail et étendue du marché ; la théorie des quatre stades du progrès de la société ; et le lien entre développement rural et urbain, lui-même au centre du plaidoyer de Smith pour la liberté du commerce. Le marché est un concept aujourd'hui assimilé au fonctionnement du système économique capitaliste ; pour Smith, il décrivait la faculté de commercer, aux vecteurs essentiellement démographiques et géographiques. Le progrès de la société est à la fois cause et effet de la croissance de la population. En son sein se trouve l'interrelation symbiotique entre le développement rural et urbain que Smith appelait le «progrès naturel de l'opulence». Adopter l’optique smithienne plutôt que néo-malthusienne dans l'examen des dynamiques de population et de développement - y compris l'analyse de la transition démographique - conduit alors à une reconsidération fondamentale des interactions causales entre mortalité, fécondité, richesse et variables institutionnelles
Population - in its original sense of the process of peopling - is a topic surprisingly absent from the huge volume of scholarship on Adam Smith. This topic was central to 18th century moral philosophy and political economy, the two fields Smith most famously contributed to. Its importance in Smith’s work was obscured in the 20th century by a narrow focus on economic matters in the secondary literature. For an undivided analysis of Smith’s oeuvre it is crucial that the central position of the peopling process be brought to light. Three topics that are today recognised as essential to Smith’s project are thus intimately connected to population: the relation between the division of labour and the extent of the market; the stadial theory of progress; and the link between the development of town and country, itself central to Smith’s advocacy of the freedom of trade. The market is a concept read today through an institutional lens linking it to the functioning of the capitalist economic system; Smith conceived of it as facility for trade, with essentially demographic and geographic vectors. The progress of society is both cause and effect of the growth of population. At its core is the symbiotic interrelationship between rural and urban development that Smith called the “natural progress of opulence”. In turn, looking at dynamics of population and development - including the analysis of the demographic transition - through a Smithian rather than a neo-Malthusian lens leads to a fundamental reconsideration of causal interactions between mortality, fertility, wealth and institutional variables

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Hwakar, H. G. « Key settlement policy and rural development planning in central Nigeria ». Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26722/.

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Rabie, M. K. « Rural service provision and key settlement policy in Egypt's village clusters ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234757.

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Chidi, Segatla Charles. « An evaluation of rural-urban migration and its link to informal settlement pattern : a case study of Disteneng in Polokwane Municipality in Limpopo Province ». Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/765.

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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2010
Urbanization and rural-urban migration are processes that are surrounded by a great deal of controversy and pose as significant challenges in contemporary South Africa. In dealing, controlling, and managing urbanization and rural urban migration, the South African government has developed a number of policies to respond to this to these challenges such as Urban Development Framework of 1997 which aims to promote effective urban reconstruction and development, to guide development policies, strategies and actions of all stakeholders in the urban development processes and other policies that are geared towards urban development management. In this study, an effort is made to evaluate rural-urban migration and its link to informal settlement patterns at Disteneng area (Limpopo Province). The study used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to collect data. Questionnaires, formal interviews and observations were used to assemble primary data. Policies, journals, books were used to gather secondary data. The study found that there are quite number of issues that lead to rural-urban migration such as rural poverty and unemployment. It also established that policies that have been developed to control rural-urban migration and urbanization are not comprehensive enough to respond to rural-urban migration. They need to be revitalized and reviewed. The study also found out that the main reason for the backlog in services and development relate to a lack of commitment, capacity and experience of officials mandated to bring development to the study area. Recommendations of the study include community empowerment, skills development, monitoring of performance and capacity building for officials. There is a direct link between rural-urban migration and the sprawling of urban informal settlements calling for multi-pronged interventions from multiple government agencies to address the phenomenon. The Disteneng area is a melting pot which requires urgent attention.

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Nghiulikwa, Romie Vonkie. « Re-situating and shifting cultural identity in contemporary Namibia : The experience of rural-urban migrants in Katutura (Windhoek) ». Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9977_1275426103.

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This thesis explores the shifting cultural identities of young Owambo migrants living in Babilon, an informal settlement on the outskirts of Windhoek, Namibia. Through an investigation of their social, cultural and economic lives, I show how these young people invoke their Owambo-ness, but how they also transcend their ethnic identifications through engaging in an emerging Namibian youth culture, which cuts across rural-urban, ethnic, and socio-economic divides. I argue that young migrants from Ovamboland, who intend to escape their poverty stricken rural homes and arrive on packed busses, bringing with them few possessions and great expectations, constantly shift and resituate their cultural identities while trying to make a living in the city. These young people are eager to engage fully in a better life and hope to find employment in the urban economy. For many, however, this remains just that &ndash
hope. In their daily lives, the young migrants replicate, reproduce and represent rural Owambo within the urban space. Using the examples of &lsquo
traditional&rsquo
food and small-scale urban agriculture, I explore how their ideas of Owambo-ness are imagined, enforced and lived in Babilon. I argue that although migrants identify themselves in many ways with their rural homes, and retain rural values and practices to a large extent, this does not mean that they would remain &ldquo
tribesmen&rdquo
, as earlier, how classic studies in Southern African urban anthropology argued (Mayer 1961
Wilson and Mafeje 1963). They also appropriate &ldquo
ideologies&rdquo
and practices of the emerging Namibian youth culture, especially popular local music and cell phones. My study thus shows that the migrants develop multiple, fluid identities (with reference to Bank 2002)
they identify concurrently with the urban and the rural and develop a synthesis of both. The thesis is based on ethnographic research, which was conducted between February and May 2008. During the fieldwork, I engaged daily in informal discussions with many residents of Babilon, and carried out life history interviews, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews with key research participants.

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Hu, Yiqian, et 胡一倩. « Understanding ambivalence of settlement : a qualitative study on time arrangement, gender relationship andidentity of rural-urban migrant families in Nanjing ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46606774.

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Davoren, Elandrie. « Plant diversity patterns of a settlement in the North-West Province, South Africa / Elandrie Davoren ». Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5676.

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In recent years the composition of urban vegetation has become far more complex than that of the surrounding natural vegetation. This is mainly due to the influence that humans have on the creation of new plant communities and the management of urban green spaces. Green spaces are fundamental to the restoration and maintenance of biodiversity in areas that have been severely impacted by urban development. Green spaces provide various ecosystem services and benefits for the health and well-being of urban residents, and can help to reduce the effects of global climate change. The most understudied green space in the entire urban green infrastructure is homegardens. Homegardens contribute greatly to the species composition of urban and rural settlements and are important in situ conservation sites that help to protect rare and endemic species. They are essential agricultural systems, especially in rural settlements, that provide both sources of additional income generation and food supply. In developing countries such as South Africa, very few studies have been done on homegardens and the benefits they provide to homeowners and to urban ecosystems in general. However, since South Africa become committed to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals in 2000, more research has been done on the potential of homegardens for poverty alleviation. The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of plant diversity in a rural settlement and to determine to what extent the socioeconomic status of the inhabitants influences the plant species composition of the settlement. The settlement of Ganyesa, situated in the Bophirima district in the North-West Province, was chosen for the study. Using GIS techniques, a grid was placed over the settlement and plant surveys were done every 500 m. Different land-use types were identified during the completion of the survey, namely natural areas, fragmented natural areas, fallow fields, road verges, wetlands, home gardens and institutional gardens. The national South African census data from 2001 proved to be too unreliable to accurately determine the SES of the residents in Ganyesa. Consequently, a social survey was completed by means of a questionnaire to determine the socioeconomic status of the owners of the homegardens under study. Clear differences could be observed between the land-use types and the indigenous and alien species composition, which were indicated in kriging maps. In comparison with the natural areas, homegardens contained more alien species than the surrounding natural areas. The vegetation composition for all the homegardens were correlated with the residents socioeconomic status along a socioeconomic gradient, ranging from low, to medium to high. ANCOVA, multiple regressions and basic statistical analyses were performed using all the vegetation and socioeconomic data. Meaningful correlations occur between the socioeconomic status of the homeowners and the plant diversity of their gardens.
Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

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Molla, Nevila. « The Despotate of Epirus : the Archaeology of a Late Byzantine State ». Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1075416.

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This thesis is an attempt at a first comprehensive study of the archaeology of the entire region of medieval Epirus, i.e., including areas on either side of the Albanian-Greek border. The period under investigation is the thirteenth century Despotate rule, a time of fragmentation and decentralisation in the history of the Byzantine Empire, following the capture of Byzantium’s capital, Constantinople, by the Latin crusaders in 1204. Against this historical panorama, the study aims to contribute to our understanding of the socio-cultural developments that characterized the region under autonomous governance and within a complex East-West Mediterranean context. Drawing from all forms of available material remains (excavated and above ground) and in conjunction with other sources (topographic, environmental and historical), the thesis sheds light on the patterns of human occupation in the urban and rural contexts, exploring aspects such as fortification chronology, building methods and practices, defence policies and patronage, urban topography and fabric, medieval Byzantine urban planning, rural churches and monasteries, material culture and the economy, and cultural interaction with neighbouring Mediterranean regions. The study shows that a continuation of the concept of centralised governance in the region of Epirus in the broad sense, and specifically of centralised governance of public works is suggested by the evidence on fortification construction. The churches and monasteries built or refurbished throughout the thirteenth century reflect the economic wealth and the political and cultural dynamics of the Despotate in the thirteenth century. It can be surmised that Epirote urban and rural settlements at this time were in essence a further development of processes that I think were rooted in the developments of the ninth-eleventh centuries of the so-called Byzantine revival.

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Meireles, Maria João Lopes Dias Leão de. « A reabilitação como processo de desenvolvimento local ». Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Arquitectura, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29419.

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Hopper, Kristen Alicia. « The Gorgan Plain of northeast Iran : a diachronic analysis of settlement and land use patterns relating to urban, rural and mobile populations on a Sasanian frontier ». Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12326/.

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The Gorgan Plain of northeast Iran was one of the northern frontiers of the Sasanian Empire (c. AD 225-640), and was marked by considerable investment in water management and defensive features such as canals, fortifications and the nearly 200 km long-wall known as the Gorgan Wall. However, in comparison we know very little about settlement and land use associated with urban, rural, and mobile pastoral communities in this period. What impact did Sasanian investment in this landscape have on settlement patterns, networks of movement, and subsistence economies of the communities inhabiting the plain, and how do these developments fit within the long-term settlement history of the region? This thesis reconstructs Late Iron Age through Islamic settlement and land use patterns utilising data obtained from historical (CORONA) satellite imagery, integrated with the available settlement data draw from field surveys conducted by the Gorgan Wall project, other published surveys, and historical and ethnographic information. At the local and regional scale, the observed trends are discussed in terms of changes in site type and location, subsistence strategies and agricultural investment. These trends are then compared to landscape developments associated with the later territorial empires in other regions of the Near East.

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Prudente, Leticia Thurmann. « Interface rural-urbana : contribuições para o planejamento territorial no Brasil : caso do assentamento rural Marapicu na aRegião Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172092.

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O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a interface rural-urbana, buscando definir um conceito que contemple as múltiplas faces e coexistências de rural e de urbano no território contemporâneo, a partir de diferentes perspectivas de agentes que atuam nesse território e nos processos de planejamento territorial. Como estudo de caso, foi escolhido um dos assentamentos da reforma agrária, denominado Assentamento Marapicu, no município de Nova Iguaçu, situado hoje na borda rural-urbana da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ). Esse Assentamento foi responsável por reverter a situação de retirada da área rural do plano diretor municipal. Os procedimentos metodológicos priorizaram abordagens interdisciplinar, sócio-espacial e interescalar, voltadas à reflexão teórica sobre a relação ruralurbana no território e aos desafios do planejamento territorial frente aos novos atores sociais do campo, sob o ponto de vista da área do Planejamento Urbano e Regional. A pesquisa de campo descreveu o território em diferentes escalas, destacando os padrões de ocupação e de planejamento territorial e aplicou entrevistas realizadas com agentes-chave (comunidade de assentados e os gestores públicos que trabalham com o planejamento territorial das escalas municipal e metropolitana). A partir de alguns elementos territoriais apontados nas entrevistas, foram criadas categorias de análise da interface rural-urbana e construídos cenários possíveis para a área do Assentamento, de caráter rural, urbano e rural-urbano. Os resultados apontaram a interface rural-urbana como um conceito possível para análise e aplicação no planejamento territorial no Brasil, possibilitando um exercício metodológico que contrapõe a ideia hegemônica de priorizar as questões urbanas como positivas e inevitáveis no território.
This work aims to analyze the rural-urban interface, seeking to define a concept that contemplates the multiple faces and coexistences of rural and urban in the contemporary territory, from different perspectives of agents that work in this territory and in the processes of territorial planning. As a case study, was chosen one of the rural settlements of the agrarian reform in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, located today at the rural-urban border of the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ). The “Marapicu Settlement” was responsible for reversing the situation of withdrawal from the rural area of the municipal master plan. The methodological procedures prioritized interdisciplinary, socio-spatial and interscalar approaches, focused on the theoretical reflection on the rural-urban relationship in the territory and on the challenges of territorial planning facing the new social actors of the rural area, from the point of view of the Urban and Regional Planning area. The field research described the territory at different scales, highlighting the patterns of occupation and territorial planning and applied interviews with key agents (community of settlers and the public managers who work with the territorial planning of the municipal and metropolitan scales). From some territorial elements pointed out in the interviews, categories of analysis of the rural-urban interface were created and possible scenarios for the settlement area, of rural, urban and rural-urban character were constructed. The results pointed to the rural-urban interface as a possible concept for analysis and application in territorial planning in Brazil, making possible a methodological exercise that contrasts the hegemonic idea of prioritizing urban issues as positive and inevitable in the territory.

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Vaz, Pedro Nunes de Brito Serra. « R.G.E.U. - medidas da felicidade?-reflexões para uma alternativa sustentável ». Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Arquitectura, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29504.

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Gonçalves, António José Costa Alves. « O recreio e lazer na reabilitação urbana - Almada Velha ». Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UNL-Universidade Nova de Lisboa -- FCSH-Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29498.

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Bloom, Matthew D. « Creating Connections : Economic Development, Land Use, and the System of Cities in Northwest Ohio During the Nineteenth Century ». Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1237566977.

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Lin, Shu-Chin, et 林淑靜. « The Rural-Urban Migration and Settlement of Amis Women ». Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89621896528703111994.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
建築與城鄉研究所
85
Since 1960, with the taking off of Taiwan economy, lots of Amis women have migrated from Hwa-Liang and Tai-Tong to the metropolitan area in Taiwan. These Amis women played important and multiple roles in household and community in different period of their life cycles. Though, as criticized by feminist, most researchers neglected migrant women or considered them as the passive followers in process of migration. Applying the method of field research, this thesis tries to analyze how the hierarchy of power in household and the social network affect the process of migration and settlement, and to clarify the response of migrant Amis women. The following is the summary of this thesis. Firstly, the native Amis culture in 1960 was under a change from matrilateral relation to patrilateral one. Thus, Amis'' woman in household under different relation had different opportunity for migration. The hierarchy of power in household facilitated and constrained the opportunities for Amis women. Negotiating with their family was their inevitable task, and the social network provided key resources and information for their migration. Secondly, for urban Amis women, their work stretched in domestic, subsistent and formal or informal sectors. Though, their contribution of income to household did not help their participation for redistribution of resources in household, one exception was found in the case with matrilateral marital relation. Finally, this thesis tries to point out that women in Sankuang are not constrained in private sphere in household. The Amis women played important roles for community ties and the preservation of native culture. They established close relationship with their kin, neighbors, co-workers and fellow believers. The network of female relationship helps women to rear children, to complete subcontracting and domestic work in household. Simultaneously, it promotes women to negotiate with the employer, to prevent patriarchal violence and to support the female political agent.

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Nemukula, Nkhangweleni Lennox. « An evaluation of urban and rural land use change, conflict and competition ». Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/247.

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Department of Geography amd Geo-Information Sciences
PhDGEO
This study set out to evaluate the extent of land use change, competition and conflict in Polokwane city and in selected land restitution areas of Limpopo province. The methods of data collection and analysis included document analysis, triangulation of quantitative and qualitative survey methods, use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) techniques and field observations. The restitution studies relied on information from the regional land claims commission regarding land dispossessions, land claims and post settlement activities which were analysed using content analysis. Land use maps and data from department of land affairs were obtained covering different time periods from 1994 to 2002 and GIS analysis was used to document land use change, competition and conflicts. A questionnaire survey involving a sample of 240 residents, 164 business people and 16 government officials was conducted and analysed quantitatively to establish perceptions and experiences with land use changes. In-depth interviews with key informants were also conducted and information analysed qualitatively. The researcher also engaged in extensive field observations in the city and surrounding land restitution areas. The study found that both Polokwane city and the surrounding land reform areas were characterised by rapid land use change, competing interests, conflict, disputes and tensions related to access, control and use of land resources historically and currently. Other key findings include the fact that the structure of Polokwane area is a result of apartheid planning. It has a distorted spatial pattern, the result of political factors that can be identified as: a legacy of apartheid; land use policy; competition among potential users; inadequate legislation and planning; low provisions for land use control and rezoning; land use speculation and lack of adequate public participation in the planning processes. Polokwane interaction with the rural areas is inadequate and does not support development of these areas leading to persistent service delivery issues. A management strategy is recommended with the following features: Capacity building, Conflict resolution, Stakeholders participation and Governance. Adequate land use control mechanism need to be put in place; public policies should minimise conflicts between alternative land development strategies; existing policies and procedures applicable to land management should be reviewed. An effective national land reform programme is required to drive development; public participation is key in all planning activities. Mediation is essential because it is a more efficient and less costly means of concluding land use conflicts. Polokwane needs to play a greater role in managing land use, changes, competition and conflicts both in the capital city and in the surrounding rural areas.

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Hirsch, Kirsty Louise. « Network as a survival strategy : an ethnographic study of the social manoeuvres employed by a sample of twenty-five African men and women living in a core city informal settlement ». Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4603.

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Moloisane, Mary. « Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality's responses to informal settlements : a case study of Mamelodi ». Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24403.

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The persistence and enormity of the housing backlog facing the poorest of the poor is an indication of the gravity of the housing crisis in Gauteng. The challenge exists despite government efforts to provide low-cost housing and formalize informal settlements. Against the background of this persistent need, this study investigates the City of Tshwane Municipality’s response to informal settlements in Mamelodi Phase 3, Gauteng. Participants from Mamelodi Phase 3 and officials from the City of Tshwane Municipality were purposively sampled. Research findings indicated that informal settlements in Mamelodi are caused by various factors, which include movement from rural to urban areas, movement from other provinces to Gauteng and natural population growth. Furthermore, the persistence of the informal settlements is caused by poverty. Most people continue to live in informal settlements since they cannot access financial assistance from the banks as per the National Credit Regulation (NCR). Corruption is also a formidable problem as some informal settlement dwellers alleged that officials of the City of Tshwane Municipality allocated houses in contravention of set procedures. This research shows that the City of Tshwane’s informal upgrading policies have failed in terms of providing adequate housing. Further, the housing policy has not succeeded in creating long-term sustainability in the delivery of low-cost housing to deal with the problems of the informal settlements. Although the City of Tshwane has implemented the Re aga Tshwane, which involves a wide range of policies, programmes and strategies to address the developmental challenges facing dwellers in informal settlements, more is required. On this basis, it is recommended that proper consultation with the community should be held to improve the lives of people in informal settlements in line with Section 26 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996), regarding every person’s right to have access to adequate housing.
Public Administration and Management
M.B.A. (Public Administration)

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Thèses sur le sujet « Groth of Rural and Urban Settlement »

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