Bibliographies thématiques / Greeks in Turkey

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Greeks in Turkey »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Greeks in Turkey"

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Michailidis, Iakovos D. « Perceptions of the Lausanne Treaty in the Greek public sphere ». Cahiers balkaniques 50 (2024) : 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/11rxs.

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Abstract: the article focuses on the reception of the Treaty of Lausanne in Greece from 1923 until today. It argues that the Treaty was disadvantageous to Greece, due to its defeat in the war with Turkey from 1919 to 1922. During the interwar period, the Treaty was criticized by several sides, mainly regarding the compulsory exchange of the Greek and Turkish populations. However, the majority of Greeks accepted it as the only option. From the early 1930s onwards, the Treaty of Lausanne gradually became a fundamental pillar of Greek foreign policy. Today, Greece strongly supports the implementation of the Treaty of Lausanne, often accusing Turkey of violating it.
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Lajunen, Timo J., Mark J. M. Sullman, Buket Baddal, Burcu Tekeş et Menelaos Apostolou. « Antibiotics Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours among the Population Living in Greece and Turkey ». Antibiotics 12, no 8 (3 août 2023) : 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12081279.

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Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest threats to public health worldwide. As the inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the leading causes of antibiotic resistance, it is important to have an understanding of the public’s knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance. The present study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards antibiotics among the public living in Greece and Turkey using an online cross-sectional survey, with social media advertising (e.g., Facebook) and snowball sampling. In total, 709 individuals completed the survey (Greece n = 309, Turkey n = 400), with an average age of 34.2 (SD = 13.1) and 40.5 (SD = 14.7), respectively. In Greece, 49.4% of the participants were female, and in Turkey, this figure was 62.4%. The Greek respondents reported that obtaining antibiotics without a prescription was easier (52.6% reported “easy or very easy”) than the Turkish (35.6% reported “easy or very easy”) respondents did. This study reveals that Greek citizens were more educated and knowledgeable about antibiotics (58.5% of Greeks and 44.2% of Turks identified antibiotics correctly), their effects (20.9% of Greeks and 26.3% of Turks agreed with wrong statements about antibiotics) and the risks of antibiotic resistance, compared to those from Turkey. On the other hand, the Greek respondents were more prone to use leftover antibiotics or to give them to someone else later (p < 0.001). The findings of this study indicate that Greece and Turkey, both countries with high rates of antibiotic usage, exhibit distinct variations in their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions concerning antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. Effective countermeasures such as public campaigns should be targeted according to the population and those areas of knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in which the main shortcomings lie.
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Gratien, Chris, et Emily K. Pope-Obeda. « The Second Exchange : Ottoman Greeks and the American Deportation State during the 1930s ». Journal of Migration History 6, no 1 (17 février 2020) : 104–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00601007.

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After multiple wars, Greece and the newly-founded Republic of Turkey made peace through the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne and the 1930 Treaty of Ankara. A critical component of this rapprochement was the mutual exchange of population and property involving the transfer of some two million people. As part of the exchange, Greek Orthodox inhabitants of the Republic of Turkey – with the exception of those who remained in Istanbul as of the Treaty of Ankara – became Greek nationals. This article explores how the agreements between Turkey and Greece indirectly facilitated a ‘second exchange’ involving the deportation of Ottoman-born Greeks from the United States during the 1930s. As the American deportation state grew to deport upwards of 20,000 people at the outset of the Great Depression, groups targeted by stringent immigration quotas such as communities of the former Ottoman Empire were deported in large numbers. The exchange of populations provided a framework for resolving the ambiguous nationalities of Greeks in the US, allowing American diplomats to secure Greek passports for prospective deportees. As we further demonstrate, only the terms of this agreement – not national affinity nor diplomatic relations with the US – could be invoked to secure these passports in a number of cases. When it came to immigration enforcement, how people self-identified in racial, ethnic, religious, or national terms was virtually irrelevant. What mattered was how states identified them.
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Atrashkevich, Alexandra. « How conflicts beteen Greece and Turkey in the 19th – early 20th centuries affected the formation of historical memory in both states ». Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva : istoriia i sovremennost, no 1 (2022) : 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080018177-1.

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Present-day relations between Greece and Turkey cannot be defined as neighborship. One of the main reasons for this is a negative influence of the historical memory of relations (HMR) on the two peoples’ mutual vision. Addressing the HMR from this angle can help to identify the degree of hostilities and assess the prospects for improving relations. Therefore, the authors tried to trace, by means of historical narrative, the eventual determinants of both HMRs in 1821–1923, i.e. during the period when the events most actualized by the HMRs of modern Greeks and Turks took place. In this century, the HMRs were formed under the pressure of conflict situations. Those were the liberation war of the Greeks in 1821–1829, the “30-day war” in 1897, the Balkan wars of 1912–1913, and the Greek-Turkish war of 1919–1922. Because of them, the HMRs and the nationalisms in Greece and Turkey acquired mutually accusatory orientation. As such, they in a way guaranteed irreconcilability between the states on the issues dividing them. Also, the Greek-Turkish relations as well as the growth of nationalisms, fell into the context of the great powers struggle for the Ottoman legacy. The current Turkish-Greek disputes concerning Cyprus and over the Aegean shelf are also influenced by other countries’ interests. Nationalisms in Greece and Turkey block reconciliation of the parties, while the interdependent hostility of the two HMRs guarantees the continuity of confrontational motivations in their political consciousness. What results, is a cyclical nature of the Greek-Turkish clashes, long-term tensions between the two countries and recurring outbreaks of conflicts between them.
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Halstead, Huw. « ‘Two Homelands and None’ : Belonging, Alienation, and Everyday Citizenship with the Expatriated Greeks of Turkey ». Journal of Migration History 8, no 3 (10 octobre 2022) : 432–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-08030005.

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Abstract For the expatriated Greeks of Istanbul and Imbros – some of whom have Greek citizenship, some Turkish – citizenship is neither an irrelevance nor a panacea. Turkish citizenship provided limited protection for ethnic Greeks in Turkey, and Greek citizenship could only go so far to ease the burdens of their ultimate emigration to Greece. Moreover, their expressions of self and identity are altogether more complicated and malleable than the apparent fixity and dichotomousness of statism. Nevertheless, citizenship looms large in their experiences, in both pragmatic and affective dimensions. The acquisition, loss and performance of citizenship – even the very materiality of identity documents – are intimately connected to expatriate efforts to navigate the everyday experience of migration and belonging. Whilst the significance of citizenship thus goes far beyond mere words on an official document, these formal aspects of citizenship are nevertheless a part of, not something apart from, the lived experience of citizenship.
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Georganta, Konstantina. « ‘Greek Gypsies’, Greek dress and a blockade in the 1886 British press ». Journal of Greek Media & ; Culture 10, no 1 (1 juin 2024) : 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgmc_00085_1.

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Ninety-nine Roma from the periphery of Europe arrived in Britain in July 1886. They were called the ‘Greek Gypsies’ in the contemporary press and hailed from all parts of Greece and European Turkey, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania and the Asia Minor coast, at a time when Europe was under a ‘Balkan crisis’. The ‘Greek’ epithet affixed to the foreign travellers in the 1886 British press was effectively an umbrella term for the ‘Graeco-Turkish corner of Europe’. It also associated a transnational group with Greece, a single, defiant nation over which the Powers had already asserted their dominance with a naval blockade in the spring of 1886. This article explores the political climate of 1886 in regards to Greece, the narrative of the ‘Greek Gypsies’ in the British press and the depiction of modern Greeks in the same year to show that, like the ‘Gypsies’, the Greeks physically and culturally represented at the time an Other both familiar, exotic and a supposed threat to Europe’s stability that Victorian Britain could not accommodate.
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Stefanidis, Abraham, Moshe Banai, Ursula Schinzel et Ahmet Erkuş. « Ethically questionable negotiation tactics : the differential roles of national, societal and individual cultural values ». Cross Cultural & ; Strategic Management 28, no 3 (26 mars 2021) : 626–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-11-2019-0213.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to refine theory of negotiation by empirically investigating the extent to which national-, societal- and individual-level cultures relate to negotiators' tendency to endorse questionable negotiation tactics.Design/methodology/approachTo assess the hypothesized relationships between culture and ethically questionable negotiation tactics at three cultural levels of analysis, the authors collected data from Turks who reside in Turkey and in Germany and from Greeks who reside in Greece and in Cyprus. Respondents' national-level cultural values were inferred from their nationality, respondents' societal-level cultural values were inferred from their country of residency, and respondents' individual-level cultural values were inferred from their discrete and unique individuality.FindingsAt the national level, the authors found that Turks in Turkey and Germany scored significantly higher than Greeks in Greece and Cyprus on the endorsement of pretending negotiation tactics. At the societal level, the authors found that Turkish negotiators in Germany displayed higher levels of lying negotiation tactics and lower levels of pretending negotiation tactics than Turkish negotiators in Turkey. Greek negotiators in Greece endorsed deceiving and lying tactics more than Greek negotiators in Cyprus. At the individual level, the authors found that negotiators who score high on vertical individualism and collectivism endorse questionable negotiation tactics significantly more than negotiators who score high on horizontal individualism and collectivism.Originality/valueThe authors empirically demonstrate how national-, societal- and individual-level cultures differentially influence negotiators' tendency to endorse questionable negotiation tactics. The study's trilevel analysis allows for integrating the societal-level theories of negotiators' acculturation and cultural adjustment to a host culture, highlighting the importance of bicultural identity.
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Papanikos, Gregory T. « Cultural Differences in Children’s Recommended Punishment of Moral Transgressions ». Athens Journal of Social Sciences 9, no 4 (30 septembre 2022) : 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajss.9-4-1.

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Migration flows are as old as human history itself. In Greece, the first movements of people are recorded in the 13th century BCE and not stopped ever since. Inflows and outflows of people are a permanent future of Greek history. However, a distinction should be made between three types of flows. Firstly, people are forced to leave their country because of national agreements of resettlements. A world example of such resettlement was the exchange of population between Greece and Turkey in the first part of the 20th century. Secondly, people flee an area to save their lives because of war and prosecutions, including genocides. An example of such migration was the outflow of Greeks from Asia Minor because of the war between Turkey and Greece. Thirdly, people migrate for social reasons which may include economic, political and educational purposes. This was definitely the case of the post-Second World War period in Greece when many Greeks moved outside of Greece to find better jobs abroad (e.g., Germany); study abroad (e.g., U.K.); and to live in a democratic country (e.g., Canada, Sweden, etc.), because in Greece a dictatorship (1967-1974) had abolished democracy. Greece has also been on the receiving end of many migrants from all over the world for the same reasons. The latest example is the flow of Ukrainians who are coming to Greece due to the Russian-Belarus invasion of their country. These migration flows are examined in this paper. Keywords: migrants, refugees, migration policy, Greece, Ukraine
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Nikitina, Inna, et Ksenia Klimova. « The traditional culture and the language of the “Russian Greeks” in Sochi : A review of an ethnolinguistic expedition ». Slavic Almanac 2022, no 3-4 (2022) : 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2022.3-4.2.06.

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The traditional culture and the language of the Greek population of Sochi in July 2022 for the first time became the subject of an ethnolinguistic study by Russian researchers. The Greek population (natives of the region of Pontus, located in modern Turkey) initially appeared in these territories in the second half of the 19th century. During the Stalin era, the number of Greeks decreased significantly, however, the language (Pontic dialect of the Greek language) and elements of traditional culture in places where Greeks were densely populated are preserved to this day. In the folk calendar, family rituals, folk mythology of the modern Greek population, there are not only common Greek elements that unite the Pontic Greeks of the diaspora with the wide “Greek world”, but also characteristic features that allow us to draw a preliminary conclusion about the preservation of archaic elements of culture (the rite of making rain “koshkotera”, etc.). Many elements of traditional culture were influenced by neighboring Slavic (Russian) and other Caucasian (Armenian, Georgian) traditions.
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MacMillan, Catherine. « Narrating the Nation ? National Identity and the Uncanny in De Bernières’ Birds without Wings ». Literature & ; History 30, no 2 (novembre 2021) : 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03061973211041268.

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Informed primarily by Bhabha and Kristeva's theories of national identity and the uncanny, the article examines the themes of nation building, migration and the uncanny in Louis de Bernières’ Birds Without Wings. It also explores the cosmopolitan nature of the late Ottoman Empire, as portrayed by de Bernières, from the perspective of critical cosmopolitan theory and Bhabha's concept of vernacular cosmopolitanism. The novel depicts the fortunes of a South-West Anatolian village, populated primarily by monoglot Turkish-speaking Greek Orthodox Christians and Muslims, through a turbulent historical period, from the First World War to the 1923 declaration of the Republic of Turkey and the subsequent population exchange between Greece and the new Turkish state. Despite the Christian and Muslim villagers’ arguably hybrid identities, forged in the context of a cosmopolitan Ottoman Empire, and their largely shared culture and harmonious co-existence, they are eventually forced to redefine themselves as ‘Greeks’ and ‘Turks’. The Turkish-speaking Christian villagers, exiled to Greece, have an uncanny, unsettling effect on a Greek national identity largely constructed with Turkey as its principal Other; the experience of the new Turkish citizens left behind in the decaying, half-deserted village is an equally unhomely one.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Greeks in Turkey"

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Halstead, Huw. « 'Greeks without Greece' : local homelands, national belonging, and transnational histories amongst the expatriated Greeks of Turkey ». Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14279/.

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In this thesis, I focus on the experiences of the Greeks of Istanbul and Imbros/Gökçeada, who were exempted from the compulsory population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923. Particularly in the years c.1950-1980, members of these communities were faced with persecution in Turkey, and overwhelmingly left their places of birth to resettle in Greece, their purported ‘national homeland’. Drawing on oral history testimonies, written documentation, and participant observation, I explore how the expatriated Greeks of Turkey appealed to and reworked the past as they attempted to establish belonging in their new place of residence, make sense of their recent historical experiences, and communicate these understandings to others. Part I sets out the conceptual, methodological, and historical background of the thesis. In part II, I consider the representation of self and others by the Greeks of Turkey, arguing that they sought to assert both belonging and distinctiveness within the Greek national community by emphasising the specificities of their own local heritages. Part III investigates the ways in which activists and writers from the expatriated community, in their efforts to raise awareness of their experiences of persecution, adopted and adapted archetypes both from Greek nationalist history and the mnemonic repertoires of other communities, and I discuss these discourses in relation to the recent ‘transcultural turn’ in memory studies. In part IV, I turn my attention to the seasonal, semi-permanent, and permanent return of the Greeks to Imbros after 1988, documenting how these more recent developments have impacted upon the community’s relationship to the Greek state, and the transmission of memory and identity to the younger Greek-born generation. I conclude by suggesting that anthropologists and historians can make significant contributions to current scholarly debates concerning national identity and social memory by examining the internal heterogeneity and malleability of ethnicity and nationhood, and how the transcultural circulation of memories makes its presence felt on particular local communities in particular historical contexts.
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Akın, Fatih. « Türkiye'de azınlık politikaları (6/7 Eylül 1955 olayları) / ». İstanbul : Kum Saati Yayınları, 2006. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/81283990.html.

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Plemmenos, John George. « 'Micro-music' of the Ottoman Empire : the case of the Phanariot Greeks of Istanbul ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621431.

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Diamadis, Panayiotis. « Hellenism under the Crescent : a case study in an ongoing genocide ». Phd thesis, Department of Modern Greek, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6288.

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Alpan, Aytek Soner. « The Economic Impact Of The 1923 Greco-turkish Population Exchange Upon Turkey ». Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609803/index.pdf.

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ABSTRACT THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE 1923 GRECO-TURKISH POPULATION EXCHANGE UPON TURKEY Alpan, Aytek Soner M. Sc., Department of Economics Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Onur Yildirim August 2008, 167 pages The Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations signed on January 30, 1923 at Lausanne resulted in the first compulsory population exchange under the auspices of an international organization, namely the League of Nations. The Greco-Turkish Population Exchange marked a turning point for Greece and Turkey with regard to its demographic, social, political and economic effects. Although the multifaceted effects of the Exchange upon Greece have been extensively studied by the scholars of different disciplines, the Turkish scholarship is very limited in terms of documenting and analyzing the role of this event in the history of modern Turkey. The present study aims to fill this gap by assessing the economic effects of this event upon Turkey. This thesis fulfils the above task by examining the transformation of the basic sectors in the Turkish economy during the post-Exchange period. We argue that the Population Exchange had significant effects upon the Turkish economy. For example, in the agricultural sector the capitalist property relations on land were reinforced and the production patterns in certain agricultural crops were subject to a considerable degree of change. As far as the industry is concerned, the production of certain commodities deteriorated due to the rising competition between Turkey and Greece over the manufactured goods. The worsening international economic conditions exacerbated the effects of this competition upon the Turkish economy. Lastly, with the transfer of the Anatolian Greek merchants to Greece, Anatolia&rsquo
s commercial links with foreign markets weakened much to the detriment of the Turkish economy. The intermediary position of the Greek merchants was gradually substituted by the newly-emerging Turkish mercantile bourgeoisie after the Exchange. This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the subject and provides a survey of the related literature. Chapter 2 examines the effects of the Exchange upon agriculture and land tenure system. Chapter 3 is designed to evaluate the transformation of the industrial base inherited from the Ottoman Empire by certain factors including the Exchange. Chapter 4 deals with the effects of the transfer of the Anatolian Greeks and the arrival of the refugees upon the commerce. Chapter 5 presents general and specific conclusions in the light of previous chapters.
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Nevzat, A. (Altay). « Nationalism amongst the Turks of Cyprus : the first wave ». Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514277511.

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Abstract The rise of competing nationalisms in Cyprus first drew world attention in the 1950's, yet the origins of nationalism in Cyprus can clearly be traced to the closing stages of Ottoman rule on the island during the nineteenth century. While the earlier development of nationalism in the Greek Orthodox community of Cyprus is commonly acknowledged, the pre-World War II evolution of nationalism amongst Cyprus' Moslem Turks is consistently overlooked or misrepresented. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, this work contends that Turkish nationalism in Cyprus did not first emerge in the 1950's, but instead grew gradually from the late nineteenth century onwards; that nationalism amongst the island's Turks was first discernible in a 'civic' form founded on Ottomanism which was gradually, though progressively replaced by Turkish ethno-nationalism; and that while both British colonial policies and especially the threat perceived from the rise of Greek nationalism on the island may have helped spur nationalism amongst the Turks, the continued cultural and political interaction with Ottoman, and even non-Ottoman Turks, and later with the Turkish Republic was at least as influential in fostering nationalist sentiments and prompting their expression in political actions. While particular note is made of the often neglected impact of the Young Turk movement in the early twentieth century, this study acknowledges and seeks to elucidate a complex assortment of variegated stimuli that ranged from international developments, such as the recurring crises in the Balkans and President Wilson's speech on the 'Fourteen Points', to the personal attitudes and attributes of British administrators and domestic inter-ethnic relations, and local and international economic trends and developments. Together, it is maintained, these influences had made Turkish nationalism a perceptible phenomenon amongst the Turks of Cyprus by the time of the October Revolt of 1931.
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Welch, Zografia. « The dionysiac mosaics of Greece and the coast of Asia Minor / ». *McMaster only, 1998.

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Leibovici, Mirela E. (Mirela Erna). « The Asiatic Artemis / ». Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68115.

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This thesis studies the effects of colonization in Asia Minor on the cult of the Hellenic Artemis, as the Greek goddess comes into contact with and is influenced by her Asian counterparts. The result of this contact is a goddess whose nature both remains unchanged and is changed, being at the same time both Greek and Oriental, and whose new image, reshaped after the Asiatic Mother Goddess, reflects the religious needs of her new worshippers, who were themselves a mixture of Greek and indigenous peoples.
The first part of this work investigates the nature and functions of Artemis in Greece, exploring in the greater detail the goddess' connections with nature, childbirth, and the different transitions undergone by individuals and communities. The second part looks at the cult of Artemis in the four major centres of the goddess' worship in Asia: Ephesos, Sardis, Magnesia on the Maiander and Perge. In order to explore more closely Artemis' connections with the Mother Goddess, whom the former replaces, a survey of the Asiatic precursors of Artemis was necessary. Consequently, this study attempts to analyse the nature and functions of other goddesses in Asia, related to the Mother Goddess, namely Kubaba-Kybele, Ma, Atargatis (a conflation of Anat, Astart and Asherah), Anahita and Ishtar, goddesses who share various features not only with each other, but with the Hellenic Artemis as well. The study of these goddesses follows the order in which Greek colonists encountered them.
The thesis concludes with a synthesis and summary of the particular features of the Hellenic Artemis which facilitated her identification with various examples of the Asiatic mother goddess.
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Roberts, Steven Craig. « Active normal faulting in Central Greece and Western Turkey ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330128.

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Shportun, Peter Michael. « The Greek captivity of the Church of Antioch, 1724 to 1899 ». Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.

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Livres sur le sujet "Greeks in Turkey"

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Helsinki Watch (Organization : U.S.), dir. Denying human rights and ethnic identity : The Greeks of Turkey. New York : Human Rights Watch, 1992.

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V, Grammenos Dēmētrios, et Petropoulos E. K, dir. Ancient Greek colonies in the Black Sea 2. Oxford : Archaeopress, 2007.

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Cyprus. Grapheio Typou kai Plērophoriōn., dir. The partitionist designs of Turkey in Cyprus : Briefing notes. [Nicosia] : Press and Information Office, Ministry of Interior, 1986.

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Kolovos, Ēlias. Across the Aegean : Islands, monasteries and rural societies in the Ottoman Greek lands. İstanbul : The Isis Press, 2018.

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Coufoudakis, Van. Human rights violations in Cyprus by Turkey. Republic of Cyprus : Press and Information Office, 2010.

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Trakakēs, Geōrgios P. Hē viomēchania en Smyrnē kai en tē Hellēnikē Mikrasia : Oikonomikē meletē, Smyrnē 1920. Athēna : Trochalia, 1994.

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Halo, Thea. Not Even My Name : A True Story. New York, New York, USA : Picador, 2001.

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Halo, Thea. Not even my name : From a death march in Turkey to a new home in America, a young girl's true story of genocide and survival. New York : Picador USA, 2000.

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Greaves, Alan M. Miletos : A history. London : Routledge, 2002.

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Anastassiadou-Dumont, Méropi. Les grecs d'Istanbul au XIXe siècle : Histoire socioculturelle de la communauté de Pera. Leiden : Brill, 2012.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Greeks in Turkey"

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Ikoniadou, Mary. « ‘We are and we remain Greeks’ 1 ». Dans The Politics of Culture in Turkey, Greece and Cyprus, 184–207. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017. | Series : Routledge advances in Mediterranean studies ; 4 : Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315690803-9.

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Nahmiyaz, Medi. « Turkey : Greeks and Armenians in History Textbooks (1930–2010) ». Dans Multiple Alterities, 333–53. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62244-6_15.

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Morris, Benny, et Dror Ze’evi. « The Genocide of the Christians, Turkey 1894–1924 ». Dans Documenting the Armenian Genocide, 251–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36753-3_13.

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AbstractWe set out in 2010 to look afresh at the massacre of Turkey’s Armenians in 1915. While most of the world’s historians accepted the narrative that the Ottoman Turkish government had carried out a deliberate, pre-planned, systematic “genocide,” there were some—especially in Turkey—who disputed this. So, having no real knowledge or opinion either way, we decided to take a look at the vast, accessible documentation, in Turkey, the United States and Western Europe, and make up our own minds.What we discovered was that the story was much deeper and wider. The campaign of mass murder and ethnic cleansing was carried out, in staggered fashion, over a thirty-year period, between 1894 and 1924. It encompassed not only Turkey’s Armenians but also all the other Christian communities in the country, primarily the Greeks, but also the various Assyrian sects. The process of ethnic-religious cleansing was characterized by rounds of deliberate large-scale massacre, alongside systematic expulsions, forced conversions, and cultural annihilation that together amounted to genocide. At the beginning of this period, Christians had constituted about 20 percent of the population of Asia Minor; by 1924 the proportion of Christians in Turkey had fallen to 2 percent.The destruction of the Christian communities was the result of the deliberate policy of three successive Ottoman and Turkish governments –Abdülhamid II in 1894–1896, the CUP (the Young Turks) from 1914–1918, and the Nationalist regime under Ataturk during 1919–1924 –a policy that most of the country’s Muslim inhabitants did not oppose, and many enthusiastically supported. The murders, expulsions, and forced conversions were ordered by government officials and carried out by other officials, soldiers, gendarmes, policemen and, often, tribesmen and the civilian inhabitants of towns and villages. All of this occurred with the active participation of Muslim clerics and the encouragement of the Turkish-language press. This, we believe, is the inescapable conclusion to be drawn from the massive documentation we consulted, some of it seen and used for the first time.
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Woodwell, Douglas. « Greece and Turkey ». Dans Nationalism in International Relations, 157–86. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230607200_8.

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Frangonikolopoulos, Christos A. « Turkey in the Greek media ». Dans Greece and Turkey in Conflict and Cooperation, 224–37. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series : Routledge advances in European politics : Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203732151-14.

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Çakmak, Gizem Alioğlu. « Turkish–Greek relations ». Dans Greece and Turkey in Conflict and Cooperation, 13–21. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series : Routledge advances in European politics : Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203732151-2.

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Christofis, Nikos. « Securitizing the Aegean : de-Europeanizing Greek–Turkish relations ». Dans Turkey and the Balkans, 80–97. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003347552-6.

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Heraclides, Alexis. « The Greek–Turkish antagonism ». Dans Greece and Turkey in Conflict and Cooperation, 41–65. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series : Routledge advances in European politics : Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203732151-4.

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Jones, Stephanie, et Yvonne Sarch. « Italy, Switzerland, Greece and Turkey ». Dans How to be Headhunted Across Europe, 106–26. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12909-6_6.

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Mango, Andrew, et Matthias Esche. « Relations between Greece and Turkey ». Dans Turkey and the European Community, 95–116. Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01422-5_7.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Greeks in Turkey"

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Karluk, S. Rıdvan. « The EU Membership of Turkey and the Issue of Cyprus ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01828.

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When the Republic of Cyprus has been accepted to EU membership with the territory of whole of the Cyprus Island a serious issue aroused as how the Customs Union will be implemented with Turkey, since Turkey do not recognize The Greek Cypriot Administration of Southern Cyprus. After its EU membership, Cyprus becomes the most troublemaker EU country for Turkey. On 17th December 2004 Turkey signed the Additional Protocol which enlarges the extent of Ankara Agreement to all countries and also published a declaration that it unrecognized Southern Cyprus. On 21st September 2005 the EU published a declaration against Turkey’s Cyprus Declaration which brought additional conditions for Turkey that provides a method to make Turkey to recognize Southern Cyprus. Since the Customs Unions of Turkey not includes the transportation sector, Turkey does not have the obligation to open its airports and seaports to the Greek Cypriot Administration of Southern Cyprus. The Customs Union with Southern Cyprus does not bring an obligation of recognition. If the issue of Cyprus resolves, it is expected that the veto of The Greek Cypriot Administration of Southern Cyprus on chapters of negotiations would be removed. Even if the vetoes of Southern Cyprus would end, there are important barriers related to the EU membership of Turkey. In our paper, the EU membership of Turkey will be examined within the scope of attempts of resolving the issue of Cyprus also the Turkey Cyprus relationship will be analyzed.
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So¨zer, Hatice. « Green Development in Turkey ». Dans ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99125.

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This paper introduces a proposal for the architectural design of development for 20 town houses in the city of Nigde, located on central Turkey. The municipality of Nigde is looking for an innovative design for the town houses, that will achieve maximum level of desired comfort, but will adhere to energy conservation and minimum construction cost. These houses, however, while incorporating contemporary technologies, has to preserve the legacy of the great architectural heritage. The city of Nigde has a very rich history and consists of multicultural settlements. Unfortunately only few buildings are still standing to tell that great story; and the new buildings in Nigde do not stand up to the challenge. The site’s topography adds visual interest and variety to the project’s housing. The climate is dominated by lack of humidity, big differences between day and night time temperatures.
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Tunçsiper, Bedriye, et Ömer Faruk Biçen. « The Effects of European Debt Crisis on Turkey’s Exports ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00827.

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The crisis that arose in Greece at the last quarter of 2009 affected the countries that have heavily government debt like Spain, Portugal, Italy and Ireland as soon as 2008 Global Financial Crisis originating from USA Mortgage Markets affect European Union (EU) countries under heavily debt burden. The effects of that crisis in the short run are demand shrinking and decrease in export. Turkey, which has important economic relations with EU countries in the last fifty years, is the primary country that can be negatively affected from demand shrinking in Europe. Turkey that indirectly experience 2008 global financial crisis because of the decrease in export volume in Europe also seem fatefully affected in this crisis. This article aims to determine the effects of the crisis to Turkey’s export ampirically in the EU countries that have the lion’s share in the Turkey’s export markets. As well, it is trying to explain whether this crisis affects over-all Europe or not.
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Özgün, Tevfik Orçun, et Onur Koçak. « Turkey-Macedonia Relations from Cultural and Historical Perspective ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00975.

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Balkans can be defined as a region which had been under different cultures’ and civilizations’ reign, and experienced different nations, religions and cultures. It is likely possible to see the effects of these multicultural and multinational structure on international politics and economy. In that sense, Macedonia is inevitably placed in an important point for Balkan and Ottoman history, and even for international politics. It is very possible to see Turkish influence on Macedonia, which -ruled by Ottoman for 542 years- has gained its independence, as a result of disintegration of Yugoslavia in 1991.When we take a look at condensing political and economic relations between Macedonia and Turkey, the effect of shared cultural and historical heritage on regional and wide economic development and cooperation can be seen with no huge effort. From that point of view, Ottoman Empire’s historical, sociological and cultural effect on sustainable and improvable economic relations are a topic of discussion. If we focus on the changing balance in Europe, resulted by disintegration of Yugoslavia, and developing approaches towards Macedonia, Turkey’s relations with Greece and other regional countries become very important, which are still being operated in terms of development and sustaining. In this study, Turkey’s attitude in recognition of Macedonia, and structure of Turkic population in Macedonia will be inspected and from Macedonia perspective, international politics and economic cooperation will be examined with historical, political and cultural emphasis.
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Geçimli, Meryem, et Ruşen Yamaçlı. « GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS : COMPARISON OF TURKEY AND BULGARIA ». Dans GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/31.

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Sustainability is defined as it meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generation’s needs. Today the topic of sustainability has the urgent importance. Especially buildings consume large amount of energy and resources. Construction sector has great impact on environment. During construction process, occupancy, renovations and/or restorations and demolition, buildings consume energy, water and sources. They are also generating waste and emit harmful atmospheric emissions. Since 1990’s countries had issued a series green building assessment scheme. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) developed by United States of America, Building Research Establishment’s Assessment Method (BREEAM) developed by United Kingdom and German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB) developed by Germany are the most commonly used. There is now a proliferation of standards, rating and certification systems to assistance in order to deliver sustainable building in the marketplace. It is estimated that there are nearly 600 green certifications around the world. Green building rating programs vary in their approach with some outlining prerequisites and optional credits. Turkey and Bulgaria have some historical partnerships. So it can be useful to compare current situation of two countries in terms of green building certification. The comparison includes certification systems used in two countries. Bulgaria mainly depends on DGNB which is originally German evaluation system. Besides this some projects took LEED and BREEAM, as in Turkey. But the important difference in two countries is that Turkey has been developing its local system that is called Turkish Green Building Council (BEST). Thus in this paper the comparison mainly depends on BEST and DGNB. And also the certified projects in two countries are compared quantitatively. The benchmarks of two systems are compared in terms of similarities and differences. The characteristics of either standard system were summarized and some suggestions for improving Turkey’s evaluation standard for green building were proposed
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Seglins, Valdis, et Agnese Kukela. « ANCIENT GREEN �WISH STONE� OF HATTUSA, TURKEY ». Dans 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2022/s04.04.

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The territory of modern Turkey is abundant in ancient monuments of a various kind and historical periods. Among most notable ones are the ruins of the ancient Hittites capital near modern settlement of Bogazkoy / Hattusas. The remains of the stone structures located in that area have been studied for more than a century and there are many documented discoveries. However, some of these discoveries are still lacking a reliable scientific research data. For that reason, such objects often become popular subjects for discussions by visitors with a wide variety of views. This also applies for the green stone monolith in its shape similar to a cube, located in Hattusa. The time and purpose of the installation and shaping of that stone is unknown, which has given rise to dozens of folklore stories talking about the importance of this stone block, called also as a �wish stone�, where both secret cults and evidence of aliens� technologies and invasions are present. Current study is based on a systematic analysis of images of this green stone artifact, which allowed us to access the damages visible on exposed surfaces of this object. The study is more of a methodological orientation, although some of the similarities in images found on the exposed stone surfaces, indicate the connection of this object with the Ancient Egyptian culture.
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Jie, Sun. « MEDIATING THE GREEK-TURKISH CONFLICT : THE EFFICACY, CHALLENGES, AND INNOVATIVE PATHWAYS OF NATO'S INTERNAL MECHANISMS ». Dans – Social Science & Humanities Research Association International Conference, 07-08 May, Kuala Lumpur. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icssh.2024.298299.

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The ongoing conflict between Greece and Turkey poses significant challenges to regional stability, highlighting the critical role of NATO in mediating such disputes. This paper examines the efficacy of NATO's internal mechanisms in mediating the Greek-Turkish conflict, identifies the key challenges these mechanisms face, and explores innovative pathways for resolution. Employing a mixed-methods approach that includes a literature review, case studies, and comparative analysis, we uncover the strengths and limitations of NATO's current conflict resolution strategies. Our findings reveal that while NATO's mechanisms have facilitated dialogue, political divergences among member states and external geopolitical pressures have often hindered effective mediation. The paper proposes innovative solutions, including enhancing preemptive conflict management tools, establishing more inclusive dialogue platforms, and incorporating technology in mediation processes. These suggestions aim to bolster NATO's role in the Greek-Turkish context and future international conflicts, contributing to a more stable and peaceful international order.
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Jie, Sun. « MEDIATING THE GREEK-TURKISH CONFLICT : THE EFFICACY, CHALLENGES, AND INNOVATIVE PATHWAYS OF NATO'S INTERNAL MECHANISMS ». Dans SSHRA 2024 – Social Science & Humanities Research Association International Conference, 07-08 May, Kuala Lumpur. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icstr.2024.298299.

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The ongoing conflict between Greece and Turkey poses significant challenges to regional stability, highlighting the critical role of NATO in mediating such disputes. This paper examines the efficacy of NATO's internal mechanisms in mediating the Greek-Turkish conflict, identifies the key challenges these mechanisms face, and explores innovative pathways for resolution. Employing a mixed-methods approach that includes a literature review, case studies, and comparative analysis, we uncover the strengths and limitations of NATO's current conflict resolution strategies. Our findings reveal that while NATO's mechanisms have facilitated dialogue, political divergences among member states and external geopolitical pressures have often hindered effective mediation. The paper proposes innovative solutions, including enhancing preemptive conflict management tools, establishing more inclusive dialogue platforms, and incorporating technology in mediation processes. These suggestions aim to bolster NATO's role in the Greek-Turkish context and future international conflicts, contributing to a more stable and peaceful international order.
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« A Modified Greedy Algorithm for Solving the Planification of eNodB Position in 5G network ». Dans Dec. 15-16, 2022 Istanbul (Turkey). Dignified Researchers Publication, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/dirpub13.dir1222167.

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Sungur, Zerrin. « Current Trends in the Development of Green Jobs in Turkey ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00311.

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A sustainable green economy simultaneously values the importance of natural resources and inclusive, equitable, and healthy opportunities for all communities. A green job, also called a green-collar job is, according to the United Nations Environment Program, "work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development, administrative, and service activities that contribute(s) substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality. Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through high efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution." Turkey, an OECD country, also has some green jobs and employment. The main purpose of this study is to explore the trends in the emergence of green jobs sector and also to investigate the reflections of these developments on the employment rates in Turkey. The potential for green jobs exist in countries at all levels of economic development. Investments and programs to promote green jobs can be targeted at those who tend to need them most; young people, women and poor in Turkey.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Greeks in Turkey"

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Orozco, Manuel. Worker Remittances in an International Scope. Inter-American Development Bank, février 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008699.

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Analysis of a poll of nine of the major remittance recipient countries in order to understand the market of remittances, the major trends in money transfers and the macro-economic effects on their economies. It will review industry and market behavior in money transfers, pricing, as well as other comparative indicators in the following countries: Egypt (England/Saudi A.), Portugal (Europe), Greece (U.S./W.E.), Philippines (U.S.), Zimbabwe/Mozambique (South Africa.), Turkey (Germany), Pakistan, and India (US).
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Orozco, Manuel. Worker Remittances : An International Comparison. Inter-American Development Bank, février 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006617.

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Analysis of a poll of nine of the major remittance recipient countries in order to understand the market of remittances, the major trends in money transfers and the macro-economic effects on their economies. It will review industry and market behavior in money transfers, pricing, as well as other comparative indicators in the following countries: Egypt (England/Saudi A.), Portugal (Europe), Greece (U.S./W.E.), Philippines (U.S.), Zimbabwe/Mozambique (South Africa.), Turkey (Germany), Pakistan, and India (US).
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Hardy, Samuel. Treasure-hunters ‘even from Sweden’, organised criminals and ‘lawless’ police in the Eastern Mediterranean : Online social organisation of looting and trafficking of antiquities from Turkey, Greece and Cyprus. Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21001/rap.2020.30.11.

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Harangozó, Dániel. Serbia and the Russia–Ukraine War : Implications and Challenges II. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.65.

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The outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022 has had a marked effect on the Western Balkan region. Among the countries of this region, Serbia is in a unique situation due to its military neutrality, and the fact that it follows a balancing foreign policy between the Western powers on the one hand, and Russia, Turkey, and China on the other hand, also maintaining close political, economic, and security ties with the latter two powers. The second part of the paper continues to review the consequences and challenges of the war on Serbia by examining the energy domain. Russian exposure in Serbia’s energy sector, apart from the near-total reliance on Moscow for gas imports, is compounded by the fact that the most important oil company of the country, Naftna Industrija Srbije (NIS) is majority-owned by Gazprom Group. As with other countries in the Central and Eastern European region as well as wider Europe, the diversification of sources and decreasing the reliance on Russian energy will take considerable time for Serbia. Cooperation both with Serbia’s neighbours and the countries of the region (e.g. Bulgaria and Greece) will play a significant role in the diversification of both sources and supply routes.
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Aguiar Borges, Luciane, et Ana de Jesus. SiEUGreen White Paper with best practices. Nordregio, mars 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2023:81403-2503.

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This report explores the potential of Urban Agriculture (UA) to enhance food security, improve resource efficiency, and promote smart, resilient, and circular cities. The discussion is framed within the scope of the Horizon 2020 project ‘Sino-European Innovative Green and Smart Cities’ (SiEUGreen) which explored different pathways to turn waste into resources for growing food in cities through the combination of different technologies. These technologies were tested in five showcases: Campus Ås, in Ås, Norway; World Gardens and Brabrand Fællesgartneriet community gardens in Aarhus, Denmark; Turunçlu greenhouse in Atakya, Turkey; Sanyuan Farm, in Beijing, and Futiancangjun residential area in Changsha, China. The insights and knowledge gained with these showcases were the basis to discuss the barriers and drivers of UA in the transition to more sustainable and resilient circular cities, across five aspects (1) environmental, (2) technological, (3) economic, (4) social and cultural and (5) regulatory and institutional issues. The results suggest that city food provision and UA systems can be designed considering circular economy regenerative cycles, but it is important to promote local research that can highlight policy solutions to address context-related barriers and limitations. Among the main lessons learned across the different aspects, we highlight: - The need for more evidence-based research, clear monitoring tools and evaluation/assessment of the different UA typologies and their impact on the environment, society and economy; - The implementation of innovative technological developments that support and promote UA for reduce; reuse, recycle/recover resources require more experimentation, large-scale tests and validation both concerning their efficiency, positive environmental impacts, as well as economic viability; - The need for high investments, difficulties accessing financial support, underdeveloped business case for circular resource models, and limited recognition of the positive and indirect economic, environmental benefits of UA are among the main barriers that limit the uptake of agriculture in cities; - Despite the significant role UA can play in advancing a circular economy (e.g., by supporting sustainable local food systems, promoting community resilience and reducing waste), behaviour and cultural barriers were found to have a deep impact when fostering a closed-loop approach to UA, especially concerning overcoming prejudice against waste as a resource, - Local governance and public policy play a central role in framing and supporting UA (e.g., incentives, funding, regulatory frameworks) as a pathway that enables close loops in cities.
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Aly, Radi, James H. Westwood et Carole L. Cramer. Novel Approach to Parasitic Weed Control Based on Inducible Expression of Cecropin in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, mai 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586467.bard.

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Our overall goal was to engineer crop plants with enhanced resistance to Orobanche (broomrape) based on the inducible expression of sarcotoxin-like peptide (SLP). A secondary objective was to localize small proteins such as SLP in the host-parasite union in order to begin characterizing the mechanism of SLP toxicity to Orobanche. We have successfully accomplished both of these objectives and have demonstrated that transgenic tobacco plants expressing SLP under control of the HMG2 promoter show enhanced resistance to O. aegyptiaca and O. ramosa . Furthermore, we have shown that proteins much larger than the SLP move into Orobanche tubercles from the host root via either symplastic or apoplastic routes. This project was initiated with the finding that enhanced resistance to Orobanche could be conferred on tobacco, potato, and tomato by expression of SLP (Sarcotoxin IA is a 40-residue peptide produced as an antibiotic by the flesh fly, Sarcophaga peregrina ) under the control of a low-level, root-specific promoter. To improve the level of resistance, we linked the SLP gene to the promoter from HMG2, which is strongly inducible by Orobanche as it parasitizes the host. The resulting transgenic plants express SLP and show increased resistance to Orobanche. Resistance in this case is manifested by increased growth and yield of the host in the presence of the parasite as compared to non-transgenic plants, and decreased parasite growth. The mechanism of resistance appears to operate post-attachment as the parasite tubercles attached to the transgenic root plants turned necrotic and failed to develop normally. Studies examining the movement of GFP (approximately 6X the size of SLP) produced in tobacco roots showed accumulation of green fluorescence in tubercles growing on transformed plants but not in those growing on wild-type plants. This accumulation occurs regardless of whether the GFP is targeted to the cytoplasm (translocated symplastically) or the apoplastic space (translocated in xylem). Plants expressing SLP appear normal as compared to non-transgenic plants in the absence of Orobanche, so there is no obvious unintended impact on the host plant from SLP expression. This project required the creation of several gene constructs and generation of many transformed plant lines in order to address the research questions. The specific objectives of the project were to: 1. Make gene constructs fusing Orobanche-inducible promoter sequences to either the sarcotoxin-like peptide (SLP) gene or the GFP reporter gene. 2. Create transgenic plants containing gene constructs. 3. Characterize patterns of transgene expression and host-to-parasite movement of gene products in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.). 4. Characterize response of transgenic potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill .) to Orobanche in lab, greenhouse, and field. Objectives 1 and 2 were largely accomplished during the first year during Dr. Aly's sabbatical visit to Virginia Tech. Transforming and analyzing plants with all the constructs has taken longer than expected, so efforts have concentrated on the most important constructs. Work on objective 4 has been delayed pending the final results of analysis on tobacco and Arabidopsis transgenic plants. The implications of this work are profound, because the Orobanche spp. is an extremely destructive weed that is not controlled effectively by traditional cultural or herbicidal weed control strategies. This is the first example of engineering resistance to parasitic weeds and represents a unique mode of action for selective control of these weeds. This research highlights the possibility of using this technique for resistance to other parasitic species and demonstrates the feasibility of developing other novel strategies for engineering resistance to parasitic weeds.
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