Thèses sur le sujet « Gravity variations »
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Alothman, Abdulaziz. « Temporal variations of the earth's gravity field from GPS and SLR ». Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405083.
Texte intégralBerkel, Paula. « Multiscale methods for the combined inversion of normal mode and gravity variations ». Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997085304/04.
Texte intégralAnjasmara, Ira Mutiara. « Spatio-temporal analysis of GRACE gravity field variations using the principal component analysis ». Thesis, Curtin University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/957.
Texte intégralAnjasmara, Ira Mutiara. « Spatio-temporal analysis of GRACE gravity field variations using the principal component analysis ». Curtin University of Technology, Department of Spatial Sciences, 2008. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18720.
Texte intégralApart from these well-known signals, this contribution also demonstrates that the PCA is able to reveal longer periodic and a-periodic signal. A prominent example for the latter is the gravity signal of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in late 2004. In an attempt to isolate these signals, linear trend and annual signal are removed from the original data and the PCA is once again applied to the reduced data. For a complete overview of these results the most dominant PCA modes for the global and regional gravity field solutions are presented and discussed.
KARIYAWASAM, THARANGA MANOHARI. « Theoretical Analysis of the Temperature Variations and the Krassovsky Ratio for Long Period Gravity Waves ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212176032.
Texte intégralBerkel, Paula [Verfasser]. « Multiscale Methods for the Combined Inversion of Normal Mode and Gravity Variations / Paula Berkel ». Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1159835357/34.
Texte intégralPrevost, Paoline. « Extraction des variations spatio-temporelles du champ de gravité à partir des données de la mission spatiale GRACE : méthodes et applications géophysiques ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEE017.
Texte intégralMeasurements of the spatio-temporal variations of Earth’s gravity field recovered from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission have led to unprecedented insights into large spatial mass redistribution at secular, seasonal, and sub-seasonal time scales. GRACE solutions from various processing centers, while adopting different processing strategies, result in rather coherent estimates. However, these solutions also exhibit random as well as systematic errors, with specific spatial and temporal patterns in the latter. In order to dampen the noise and enhance the geophysical signals in the GRACE data, several methods have been proposed. Among these, methods based on filtering techniques require a priori assumptions regarding the spatio-temporal structure of the errors. Despite the large effort to improve the quality of GRACE data for always finer geophysical applications, removing noise remains a problematic question as discussed in Chapter 1. In this thesis, we explore an alternative approach, using a spatio-temporal filter, namely the Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis (M-SSA) described in Chapter 2. M-SSA is a data-adaptive, multivariate, and non-parametric method that simultaneously exploits the spatial and temporal correlations of geophysical fields to extract common modes of variability. We perform an M-SSA simultaneously on 13 years of GRACE spherical harmonics solutions from five different processing centers. We show that the method allows for the extraction of common modes of variability between solutions, and removal of the solution-specific spatio-temporal errors arising from each processing strategies. In particular, the method filters out efficiently the spurious North-South stripes, most likely caused by aliasing of the imperfect geophysical correction models of known phenomena. In Chapter 3, we compare our GRACE solution to other spherical harmonics solutions and to mass concentration (mascon) solutions which use a priori information on the spatio-temporal pattern of geophysical signals. We also compare performance of our M-SSA GRACE solution with respect to others by predicting surface displacements induced by GRACE-derived mass loading and comparing results with independent displacement data from stations of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Finally, in Chapter 4 we discuss the possible application of a refined GRACE solution to answer debated post-glacial rebound questions. More precisely, we focus on separating the post-glacial rebound signal related to past ice melting and the present ice melting in the region of South Georgia
Werth, Susanna. « Calibration of the global hydrological model WGHM with water mass variations from GRACE gravity data ». Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4173/.
Texte intégralDas Schwerefeld der Erde spiegelt die Verteilung von Massen auf und unter der Erdoberfläche wieder. Umverteilungen von Erd-, Luft- oder Wassermassen auf unserem Planeten sind damit über eine kontinuierliche Vermessung des Erdschwerefeldes beobachtbar. Besonders Satellitenmissionen sind hierfür geeignet, da deren Umlaufbahn durch zeitliche und räumliche Veränderung der Schwerkraft beeinflusst wird. Seit dem Start der Satellitenmission GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) im Jahr 2002 stellt die Geodäsie daher globale Daten von zeitlichen Veränderungen des Erdschwerefeldes mit hoher Genauigkeit zur Verfügung. Mit diesen Daten lassen sich geophysikalische und klimatologische Massenumverteilungen auf der Erdoberfläche studieren. GRACE liefert damit erstmals Beobachtungen von Variationen des gesamten kontinentalen Wasserspeichers, welche außerordentlich wertvoll für die Analyse des Wasserkreislaufes über große Regionen sind. Die Daten ermöglichen die Überprüfung von großräumigen mathematischen Modellen der Hydrologie, welche den natürlichen Kreislauf des Wassers auf den Kontinenten, vom Zeitpunkt des Niederschlags bis zum Abfluss in die Ozeane, nachvollziehbar machen. Das verbesserte Verständnis über Transport- und Speicherprozesse von Süßwasser ist für genauere Vorhersagen über zukünftige Wasserverfügbarkeit oder potentielle Naturkatastrophen, wie z.B. Überschwemmungen, von enormer Bedeutung. Ein globales Modell, welches die wichtigsten Komponenten des Wasserkreislaufes (Boden, Schnee, Interzeption, Oberflächen- und Grundwasser) berechnet, ist das "WaterGAP Global Hydrology Model" (WGHM). Vergleiche von berechneten und beobachteten Wassermassenvariationen weisen bisher insbesondere in der jährlichen Amplitude deutliche Differenzen auf. Sehr große Unterschiede zwischen verschiedenen hydrologischen Modellen betonen die Notwendigkeit, deren Berechnungen zu verbessern. Zu diesem Zweck verbindet GRACE die Wissenschaftsbereiche der Geodäsie und der Hydrologie. Diese Verknüpfung verlangt von beiden Seiten die Entwicklung geeigneter Methoden zur Datenintegration, welche die Hauptaufgaben dieser Arbeit darstellten. Dabei handelt es sich insbesondere um die Auswertung der GRACE-Daten mit möglichst hoher Genauigkeit sowie um die Entwicklung einer Strategie zur Integration von GRACE Daten in das hydrologische Modell. Mit Hilfe von GRACE wurde das Modell neu kalbriert, d.h. Parameter im Modell so verändert, dass die hydrologischen Berechnungen besser mit den GRACE Beobachtungen übereinstimmen. Dabei kam ein multikriterieller Kalibrieralgorithmus zur Anwendung mit dem neben GRACE-Daten auch Abflussmessungen einbezogen werden konnten. Die Modellkalibierung wurde weltweit für die 28 größten Flusseinzugsgebiete durchgeführt. In den meisten Fällen konnte eine verbesserte Berechnung von Wassermassenvariationen und Abflüssen erreicht werden. Hieraus ergeben sich, z.B. für tropische Regionen, größere saisonale Variationen. Die Ergebnisse führen zu einem verbesserten Verständnis hydrologischer Prozesse. Zum Schluss konnte die Robustheit der Ergebnisse gegenüber Fehlern in GRACE- und Abflussmessungen erfolgreich getestet werden. Nach den wichtigsten Schlussfolgerungen, die aus den Ergebnissen abgeleitet werden konnten, sind nicht nur Bodenfeuchte- und Schneespeicher, sondern auch Grundwasser- und Oberflächenwasserspeicher in Vergleiche von berechneten und GRACE-beobachteten Wassermassenvariationen einzubeziehen. Weiterhin sind neben Abflussmessungen zusätzlich Beobachtungen von weiteren hydrologischen Prozessen notwendig, um die Ergebnisse mit größerer Genauigkeit überprüfen zu können. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit heben hervor, wie wertvoll GRACE-Daten für die großräumige Hydrologie sind und eröffnen eine Methode zur Verbesserung unseres Verständnisses des globalen Wasserkreislaufes.
Lorant, Foldvary. « Geoid Height Variations Caused by Geophysical Fluids and Their Possible Recovery by Future Satellite Gravity Missions ». 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150837.
Texte intégralElsaka, Basem [Verfasser]. « Simulated satellite formation flights for detecting the temporal variations of the Earth's gravity field / Basem Elsaka ». Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199005320/34.
Texte intégralBadinger, Harald, et de Clairfontaine Aurélien Fichet. « Trade Balance Dynamics and Exchange Rates : In Search of the J-Curve Using a Structural Gravity Approach ». WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5971/1/wp256.pdf.
Texte intégralSeries: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Venkat, Ratnam Madineni, et Christoph Jacobi. « Study on stratospheric gravity wave activity : global and seasonal variations deduced from the CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP)-GPS Satellite ». Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen des Leipziger Instituts für Meteorologie ; 30 = Meteorologische Arbeiten aus Leipzig ; 8 (2003), S. 136-148, 2003. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15246.
Texte intégralZum ersten Mal werden globale Analysen der Schwerewellenaktivität, bestimmt unter Verwendung des CHAMP LEO-Satelliten, vorgestellt. Temperaturprofile der CHAMP/RO-Okkultationen werden zunächst mit bodengestützten Messungen verglichen. Generell ist die Übereinstimmung gut. Monatliche Mittelwerte der potentiellen Energie Ep, die als Maß für Schwerewellenaktivität gilt, wurden aus Radisonden- und CHAMP-Messungen bestimmt, wobei die CHAMP-Daten höhere Werte lieferten. Es existiert eine deutlicher Tagesgang von Ep. Die globale Morphologie der Schwerewellenaktivität zeigt hohe Werte nicht nur am Äquator, sondern auch in mittleren Breiten, dies aber nicht während der Äquinoktien. Dies weist darauf hin, dass Schwerewelleaktivität nicht nur orographisch angetrieben ist, sondern in verschiedenen Breiten vom Jahresgang abhängt. Die Breiten- und Höhenabhängigkeit der Schwerewellenaktivität zeigt zwischen 25 und 30 km niedrige, unterhalb von 25 km hohe Werte von Ep am Äquator. Während des Winters in der Südhemisphäre sind die Werte hoch, während zu den Äquinoktien hohe Werte in mittleren Breiten beider Hemisphären zu finden sind. Während der Solstitien zeigt die Ep-Verteilung stärkere hemisphärische Asymmetrie. Hohe Werte von Ep werden während des südpolaren Frühjahrs gemessen. Der äquatoriale Bereich hoher Varianz ist in allen Jahreszeiten außer im Winter breit (±300°).
Malhotra, Garima. « HF Radar Observations of Inter-Annual variations in Mid-Latitude Mesospheric Winds ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78084.
Texte intégralMaster of Science
Creutzfeldt, Noah Angelo Benjamin. « The effect of water storages on temporal gravity measurements and the benefits for hydrology ». Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4857/.
Texte intégralZeitabhängigen Gravimetermessungen, die in der Geodäsie und der Geophysik eingesetzt werden, um Variationen des Erdschwerefelds zu messen, werden durch lokale Wasserspeicheränderungen beeinflusst und verursachen – aus dieser Perspektive – ein hydrologisches Störsignal in den Gravimetermessungen. Gleichzeitig bietet der Teil des Gravimetersignals, der durch Wasserspeicheränderungen hervorgerufen wird, das Potential wichtige Informationen über hydrologische Speicher zu gewinnen, da zwar Wasserspeicher eine grundlegende Zustandsgröße hydrologischer Systeme darstellt, jedoch ihre Quantifizierung mit einem hohen Maß an Unsicherheiten auf der Feldskala behaftet ist. Diese Studie untersucht die Beziehung zwischen zeitabhängigen Gravimetermessungen und Wasserspeicheränderungen, um die Gravimetermessungen von dem hydrologischen Störsignal zu bereinigen und um den Nutzen der Gravimetermessungen für die Hydrologie zu erkunden. Dies geschieht am Beispiel des Supraleitgravimeters (SG) des Geodätischen Observatoriums Wettzell in Deutschland. Ein 4D Vorwärtsmodel mit einer räumlich genesteten Diskretisierungsdomäne wurde entwickelt, um die lokalen hydrologischen Masseneffekte auf Gravimetermessungen zu simulieren. Des Weiteren wurde ein intensives Messsystem am Geodätischen Observatorium Wettzell installiert, um die Wasserspeicheränderungen in allen relevanten Speicherkomponenten, also im dem Grundwasser, in der ungesättigten Zone und im Schneespeicher zu messen. Das Monitoringsystem beinhaltete auch einen wägbaren, monolithischen Lysimeter mit Matrixpotentialübertragung, der es uns ermöglichte, zum ersten Mal einen Lysimeter direkt mit einem Gravimeter zu vergleichen. Die Lysimetermessungen wurden in Kombination mit komplementären hydrologischen Beobachtungen und einem 1D-Modell verwendet, um die Wasserspeicheränderungen auf der Feldskala zu bestimmen. Die Gesamtwasserspeicheränderungen wurden bestimmt, Unsicherheiten abgeschätzt und der hydrologische Masseneffekt auf Gravimetermessungen berechnet. Schlussendlich wurde ein einfaches, konzeptionelles, hydrologisches Modell mittels der Zeitreihen von dem SG, Bodenfeuchte- und Grundwassermessungen kalibriert und evaluiert. Das Modell wurde durch einen “Split-Sample-Test” evaluiert und basierend auf unabhängig bestimmten Wasserspeicheränderungen bestimmt auf Grundlage der Lysimetermessungen validiert. Die Simulation des hydrologischen Masseneffektes auf Gravimetermessungen zeigte, dass Wasserspeicheränderungen von einem Meter Höhe entlang der Topographie, einen Erdschwereeffekt von 52 µGal hervorriefen, während in der Geodäsie im Allgemeinen die gleiche Wassermassenvariation in flachem Terrain eine Erdschwereeffekt von nur 42 µGal (Bouguer-Platte) hervorruft. Der Einflussradius der lokalen Wasserspeicheränderungen kann auf 1000 m begrenzt werden, und 50 % bis 80 % des lokalen hydrologischen Erdschweresignals wird in einem Radius von 50 m um den Gravimeter generiert. Wasserspeichervariationen in der Schneedecke, im Oberboden, dem ungesättigten Saprolith und im gelüfteten Aquifer, sind allesamt wichtige Größen der lokalen Wasserbilanz. Mit der Ausnahme von Schnee beeinflussen alle Speicheränderungen die Gravimetermessungen in derselben Größenordnung und sind daher für die Gravimetermessungen von Bedeutung. Ein Vergleich des lokalen hydrologischen Gravitationseffektes mit den SG Residuen zeigte sowohl ereignisbezogene als auch saisonalen Übereinstimmungen. Weiterhin zeigten die Ergebnisse jedoch auch die Grenzen bei der Bestimmung der gesamten lokalen Wasserspeichervariationen mithilfe hydrologischer Punktmessungen auf. Die Ergebnisse des Lysimeter-basierten Ansatzes zeigten, dass SG Residuen mehr noch, als bisher aufgezeigt, durch lokale Wasserspeicheränderungen hervorgerufen werden. Ein Vergleich der Resultate mit anderen Methoden, die in der Vergangenheit zur Korrektur zeitabhängiger Erdschwerebeobachtungen durch Bestimmung des lokalen hydrologischen Masseneffekte verwendet wurden, zeigte, dass die unabhängige Berechnung von Wasserspeicheränderungen durch Lysimetermessungen erheblich verbessert werden kann und dass diese somit eine verbesserte Methode zur Bestimmung des lokalen hydrologischen Erdschwereeffekts darstellt. Die Installation eines Lysimeters ist somit im Zusammenhang mit einer Reduzierung des hydrologischen Störsignals und an Standorten, wo zeitabhängige Erdschwerebeobachtungen für geophysikalische Studien, die über die lokale Hydrologie hinausgehen verwendet werden, zu empfehlen. Aus hydrologischer Sicht zeigte diese Studie, dass die Verwendung von zeitabhängigen Gravimetermessungen als Kalibrierungsdaten die Modellergebnisse im Vergleich zu hydrologischen Punktmessungen verbesserten. Auf Grund ihrer Fähigkeit, über verschiedene Speicherkomponenten und ein größeres Gebiet zu integrieren, bieten Gravimeter verallgemeinerte Informationen über die Gesamtwasserspeicherveränderungen auf der Feldskala. Diese integrative Eigenschaft macht es notwendig, Erdschweredaten in hydrologischen Studien mit großer Vorsicht zu interpretieren. Dennoch können Gravimeter der Hydrologie als neuartiges Messinstrument dienen und die Nutzung von Gravimetern, die speziell für die Beantwortung noch offener Forschungsfragen der Hydrologie entwickelt wurden wird hier empfohlen.
Volařík, Tomáš. « Redukce atmosferickych vlivu z observace supravodivych gravimetru ». Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355644.
Texte intégralZenner, Lieselotte [Verfasser], Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Pail, Reiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Rummel et Maik [Akademischer Betreuer] Thomas. « Atmospheric and Oceanic Mass Variations and their role for gravity field determination / Lieselotte Zenner. Gutachter : Reiner Rummel ; Roland Pail ; Maik Thomas. Betreuer : Roland Pail ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032313250/34.
Texte intégralZenner, Lieselotte Verfasser], Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] [Pail, Reiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Rummel et Maik [Akademischer Betreuer] Thomas. « Atmospheric and Oceanic Mass Variations and their role for gravity field determination / Lieselotte Zenner. Gutachter : Reiner Rummel ; Roland Pail ; Maik Thomas. Betreuer : Roland Pail ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20130306-1121142-0-9.
Texte intégralHorwath, Martin. « Zur Ermittlung geophysikalischer Massensignale mit Schwerefeldmissionen : Eine Analyse des gegenwärtigen Standes am Beispiel der Antarktis ». Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1203684703310-42192.
Texte intégralThe new gravity field satellite missions CHAMP (Challenging Minisatellite Payload), GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer) can provide essential contributions to the study and the monitoring of the Earth system. Hereby, Antarctica as a key element of the climate system offers particular challenges. GRACE has the potential to observe temporal variations of masses such as ice masses, in particular. Methods to analyse the mission data are currently in a process of intensive development. The present work aims to contribute to this process. The focus is on the use of GRACE to determine temporal mass variations in Antarctica. The analyses are carried out from the viewpoint of a standard product user. Nonetheless, they concern the entire process of GRACE data analysis. After an introduction, the background of the work is explained, in particular the theoretical fundamentals of mass and gravity field variations, the phenomena of geophysical mass variations and the new gravity field missions with their potential to observe these variations (chapter 2). One main part of the work (chapter 3) treats the question which signals and errors are contained in the missions' gravity field solutions (chapter 3). Current CHAMP and GRACE processing approaches are outlined. The GRACE monthly solutions by GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam are introduced. Subsequently, different analyses about error structures of gravity field mission solutions are presented. In particular, an empirical analysis of time-variations of the GRACE monthly solutions reveals error structures which are not completely described by error models. As one cause of this discrepancy, alias effects of unmodelled temporal variations on the spatial patterns of the solutions are discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. Another main part of the work (chapter 4) investigates geophysical inferences from the GRACE monthly solutions, with Antarctica taken as a case study. Methods to estimate mass signals are systematised and partly enhanced. The practical applications of these methods for the estimation of Antarctic ice mass changes is explained. The different error mechanisms are investigated in detail, and corresponding errors are assessed. The results about Antarctic ice mass changes are then presented, compared to previous results and discussed in the light of the remaining methodological uncertainties. The studies reveal directions for methodological improvements, and so, related ideas are discussed in a separate chapter (chapter 5). They concern both the analysis of current GRACE monthly solutions and the generation of these solutions, or, more generally, the GRACE processing. The combination of GRACE data with complementary observations and models plays a key role in the different levels of GRACE data analysis. Combination strategies are, hence, once more discussed with regard to Antarctic mass signals. Finally, the main results of the work are summarised and discussed in a broader context
Horwath, Martin. « Zur Ermittlung geophysikalischer Massensignale mit Schwerefeldmissionen : Eine Analyse des gegenwärtigen Standes am Beispiel der Antarktis ». Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2007. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24104.
Texte intégralThe new gravity field satellite missions CHAMP (Challenging Minisatellite Payload), GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer) can provide essential contributions to the study and the monitoring of the Earth system. Hereby, Antarctica as a key element of the climate system offers particular challenges. GRACE has the potential to observe temporal variations of masses such as ice masses, in particular. Methods to analyse the mission data are currently in a process of intensive development. The present work aims to contribute to this process. The focus is on the use of GRACE to determine temporal mass variations in Antarctica. The analyses are carried out from the viewpoint of a standard product user. Nonetheless, they concern the entire process of GRACE data analysis. After an introduction, the background of the work is explained, in particular the theoretical fundamentals of mass and gravity field variations, the phenomena of geophysical mass variations and the new gravity field missions with their potential to observe these variations (chapter 2). One main part of the work (chapter 3) treats the question which signals and errors are contained in the missions' gravity field solutions (chapter 3). Current CHAMP and GRACE processing approaches are outlined. The GRACE monthly solutions by GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam are introduced. Subsequently, different analyses about error structures of gravity field mission solutions are presented. In particular, an empirical analysis of time-variations of the GRACE monthly solutions reveals error structures which are not completely described by error models. As one cause of this discrepancy, alias effects of unmodelled temporal variations on the spatial patterns of the solutions are discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. Another main part of the work (chapter 4) investigates geophysical inferences from the GRACE monthly solutions, with Antarctica taken as a case study. Methods to estimate mass signals are systematised and partly enhanced. The practical applications of these methods for the estimation of Antarctic ice mass changes is explained. The different error mechanisms are investigated in detail, and corresponding errors are assessed. The results about Antarctic ice mass changes are then presented, compared to previous results and discussed in the light of the remaining methodological uncertainties. The studies reveal directions for methodological improvements, and so, related ideas are discussed in a separate chapter (chapter 5). They concern both the analysis of current GRACE monthly solutions and the generation of these solutions, or, more generally, the GRACE processing. The combination of GRACE data with complementary observations and models plays a key role in the different levels of GRACE data analysis. Combination strategies are, hence, once more discussed with regard to Antarctic mass signals. Finally, the main results of the work are summarised and discussed in a broader context.
Burton, Howard Steven. « On the Palatini variation and connection theories of gravity ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0009/NQ38225.pdf.
Texte intégralEshagh, Mehdi. « On Satellite Gravity Gradiometry ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10429.
Texte intégralYamamoto, Keiko. « Study on regional scale mass variation using GRACE satellite gravity data ». 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/59309.
Texte intégralDoole, Stuart Harvey. « Steady gravity waves on flows with vorticity : bifurcation theory and variational principles ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357537.
Texte intégralBourda, Géraldine. « Rotation terrestre et variations du champ de gravité : étude et apport des missions CHAMP et GRACE ». Observatoire de Paris, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008286.
Texte intégralBourda, Géraldine. « Rotation terrestre et Variations du champ de gravité : Etude et apport des missions CHAMP et GRACE ». Phd thesis, Observatoire de Paris, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008286.
Texte intégralDean, Bruce H. « Variational results and solutions in gauge gravity and a bifurcation analysis of black hole orbital dynamics ». Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=859.
Texte intégralTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 223 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 214-223) and index.
Masseguin, Christophe. « Implication de l'aquaporine 1 et de la Na, K ATPase dans l'adaptation des plexus choroïdes aux variations de la gravité ». Saint-Etienne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STET004T.
Texte intégralBoy, Jean-Paul. « Effets des surcharges atmospheriques sur les variations de gravite et les deplacements de surface de la terre ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR13232.
Texte intégralTung, Sui, et 董帥. « Co-seismic and post-seismic gravity variation associated with the 2008 M=8 Wenchuan earthquake : implication for crustal dynamics ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197833.
Texte intégralpublished_or_final_version
Earth Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Rosat, Séverine. « Variations temporelles de la gravité en relation avec la dynamique interne de la Terre - Apport des gravimètres supraconducteurs ». Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144439.
Texte intégralNous nous consacrons à la recherche du mode propre de translation de la graine 1S1 qui n'a jamais été observé sans ambiguïté. Sa détection est primordiale car elle permettrait de contraindre le saut de densité à l'interface graine - noyau liquide, ainsi que la viscosité à cette interface et la stratification du noyau fluide. Pour cela nous développons des méthodes de sommation, de détection automatique des signaux et une famille d'ondelettes.
Guignard, Stéphan. « Suivi d'interface de type V. O. F. : application au déferlement des ondes de gravité dû aux variations bathymétriques ». Toulon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUL0017.
Texte intégralThose two last decades, both in the industrial and academics fields, the needs in numerical simulation of multi-fluid flows involving viscous fluids have strongly increased. This thesis presents a study performed in the frame of a "CNRS/SME" granted Ph-D which major input is the development of an high order interface tracking method based on the Volume Of Fluid concept (V. O. F) and it integration in an industrial CFD code in order to improve it's capabilities in numerical simulation of multifluid flows. This original interface tracking method called SL-VOF (Segment Lagrangian - Volume Of Fluid) uses a piecewise linear interface representation and a lagrangian advection scheme. Various versions of this method arc first tested on simple kinematics cases from which the last version appears to be of fully second order. The two first versions of the method arc then tested throughout 2DV numerical simulations of solitary wave breaking due to a spatial mean water level decrease, slow (beach case) or quick (artificial reef, dike). Two kind of comparisons are then considered:From the initial condition to the breaking point, the characteristics (celerity, crest height, free surface shape) of the wave simulated without the air-water effect are successfully compared with those of the wave simulated with a high order B. L. E. M method. After the breaking point, the air-water interaction throughout the interface is considered with respect to the real density ratio and good comparisons for the interface shape evolution until the splash-up phenomena with experiments conducted in the frame of this study achieve the validation of our method. The beginning of the run-up is although computed. High CPU time have motivated the development of a coupling algorithm with a B. I. E. M. . An application of the coupling to the solitary wave breaking on a sloping beach have shown a computational time divided by a ratio of seven. Moreover, these faster computations compare satisfactorily with experimental data on the wave height
Rosat, Séverine. « Variations temporelles de la gravité en relation avec la dynamique interne de la Terre : Apports des gravimètres supraconducteurs ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/ROSAT_Severine_2004.pdf.
Texte intégralThe Earth's dynamics and interior structure are badly constrained, particularly in the deep interior, because the surface induced signals are of weak amplitude and low frequency and reach the detection level of seismometers. Gravimetry is then a privileged tool to investigate the Earth's interior at these long periods. Time varying gravity is permanently recorded at the surface by a worldwide network of cryogenic relative gravimeters. We study the noise levels of all these gravimetric stations over a wide frequency range, from the long period seismic normal modes to the tides. We show that superconducting gravimeters can uniquely contribute to the study of the low frequency Earth's vibrations, which sample the Earth from the surface to the core. We highlight (1) the splitting due to rotation and ellipticity of the 0S2 normal mode into five singlets, (2) the first observation of the 2S1 seismic mode, after the 2001, June 23rd Peru earthquake with a magnitude 8. 4. We search for the normal mode of translation of the inner core, which has never been clearly observed. Its detection is essential as it would constrain the density jump at the inner core boundary, probably also the viscosity and the outer core stratification. For that purpose, we develop some stacking, automatic detection of signals methods and a wavelet representation
Cavalier, Mélanie. « Impact de la gravité sur la constitution du compartiment endolymphatique et conséquences de ses variations sur les mécanismes de sécrétion de l'endolymphe chez le mammifère ». Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20116.
Texte intégralSpace Motion Sickness (SMS) is the most clinically significant phenomenon occurring during the first few days of space flight. The usual symptoms include nausea and vertigo. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms that underlie this sickness. Endolymph in the inner ear fills the sensory vestibular organs. It's an unusual extracellular fluid in that its composition is reminiscent of cerebrospinal fluid. K+ provides the major charge carrier for sensory transduction and is ideal in this function, since it is by far the most abundant ion in the endolymph. We developed an experimental paradigm to test if variations of endolymphatic ionic concentration are linked to SMS. To investigate this question, we first placed adult rats under hypergravity conditions (2g) during variable periods in a terrestrial centrifuge. Using a behavioural test battery, animals exposed to hypergravity develop a transient syndrome of vestibular behaviour abnormalities. We then developed experimental models in vitro (three-dimensional culture of mice utricle) and in vivo (selective K+ microelectrode chirurgical implantation in the rat vestibule) to evaluate the effects of gravity modification on the endolymphatic K+ concentration and potential. Our results show alterations in endolymphatic [K+] in each condition. We also investigated the effect of microgravity on utricular culture using Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS). We then applied for a relation between cinetogen stimulations and alteration of endolymphatic ionic homeostasis
Abou, Khalil Lara. « Study of the influence of external fields on solidification microstructures formation by X-ray radiography ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0005/document.
Texte intégralX-ray radiography with synchrotron and laboratory source was applied to study phenomena related to the directional solidification of Al-Cu alloys under external fields and time-dependent. The solidification microstructures formation has been analyzed during parabolic flight campaigns in the framework of XRMON project. We have shown that the gravity level variations modified the solutal layer and then the liquid undercooling ahead of the solid/liquid interface. In particular, the acceleration of gravity level induces the Columnar-to-Equiaxed transition in a refined alloy. For a non-refined alloy, the dendrite growth velocity changes with respect to the gravity level variations during each parabola. The second part of this thesis relates to the effect of a permanent magnetic field on the equiaxed solidification in a temperature gradient. The coupling between the magnetic field and the temperature gradient generates a Thermo-Electro-Magnetic force that modifies the equiaxed grains trajectory during their sedimentation. The action of this force is well described by an analytical model proposed by Wang et al. with additional corrections associated to the wall confinement and the grain morphology. Effects of the magnetic field on the liquid have been also revealed
Métivier, Laurent. « Influence des variations latérales de densité et de paramètres rhéologiques sur la déformation de la terre ». Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077237.
Texte intégralNowadays with the development of space gravimetry (GRACE and GOCE satellites), new elasto-gravity deformation models become essential. Earth is continuously deformed by the Sun and the Moon attraction (luni-solar tides), and under the action of surface loading due to external fluid layers (atmosphere, ocean and continental water). Presently these elastic deformations are modelized assuming that the Earth is a spherical solid (or ellipsoïdal) with a radially symmetrical hydrostatic structure. However, the internal dynamic of the planet induces lateral variations of density and rheological parameters that are neglected into these models. We built an Earth deformation model which, for the first time, takes into account the internal lateral variations of the planet physical parameters, its no-hydrostatic prestresses, and the dynamical topographies of its discontinuity interfaces. These particularities are integrated into the elasto-gravitational equations using the perturbation theory. The equation System is solved with a numerical method: the spectral element method associated to the "cubed sphere" mesh. The model has been validated on known geophysical problems with a good accuracy. With this aim, we recovered the Love analytical work concerning a homogeneous incompressible Earth. We then made first applications. We appraised the impact of Earth ellipticity on solid tides and on the Earth response to surface loadings. We took the example of the influence of atmospheric pressure on zonal gravity variations (J2 and J3 coefficients). Finally, we discuss the ability of the model to determine the influence of mantellic superplumes on the tidal response and the loading response of the Earth
Nyberg, Sofia. « EGG BUOYANCY AND SURVIVAL PROBABILITIES OF BALTIC FLOUNDER (PLATICHTHYS FLESUS) : DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPAWNING AREAS AND INTER-ANNUAL VARIATION IN CONDITIONS FOR REPRODUCTION ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305655.
Texte intégralBONUS INSPIRE-project, the joint Baltic Sea research and development programme (Art 185), funded jointly by the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration and the Swedish Research Council Formas
Maurice, Michel. « Participation à la construction d'un spectromètre RMN in vivo : application à la mesure des variations de volume de l'eau au niveau du vertex chez l'homme en microgravité simulée ». Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1T009.
Texte intégralVaz, De Almeida Flavio-Guilherm. « Etudes des variations temporelles du champ de pesanteur terrestre à partir des données de la mission GRACE : application au bassin amazonien ». Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/583/.
Texte intégralThe objective of this work is to analyze the temporal variations of the gravitational field, determined by the space mission Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), and its relationships to the dynamics of water in the Amazon basin area. For this reason, was developed a methodology to estimate the water level in not controlled stocks or difficult to reach floodplains. With this intention, the Stokes coefficients, calculated by the Groupe de Recherche de Geodesie Spatiale (GRGS) Toulouse-FR, were converted into equivalent water height (EWH) for a ~4-year period (July-2002 to May-2006). In this basin, the amplitudes of EWH signal are the largest on Earth and can reach about 1250mm at the center of the basin. Analysis of the uncertainties indicate that it represents ~160 mm of EWH in this basin, including Stokes coefficient uncertainties (~130 mm), leakage errors (12 ~ 21 mm) and spectrum truncation (10 ~ 15 mm). This amplitude was indirectly validated by the comparison between equivalent vertical crustal displacements due to surface water load and the vertical movements of the Manaus GPS permanent monitoring stations, near to the center of the basin. The values of EWH thus obtained were compared with the in-situ water level collected by the Brazilian National Agency of Water (ANA) at 233 ground-based hydrometric stations (HS). Although EWH and HS measure different water bodies, high correlation, up to ~80% in most of the cases, is detected. This high correlation allows adjusting linear relationships between both series for the major tributaries of the Amazon. The regression coefficients decrease from upstream to downstream along the rivers reaching the theoretical value 1 at the mouth of the Amazon in the Atlantic Ocean
Beaumont, Maurice. « Effets sur la mécanique ventilatoire et les voies aériennes supérieures des variations de la gravité terrestre et d'une méthode de ventilation en pression positive continue utilisée en protection contre les effets des accélérations +Gz ». Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120085.
Texte intégralKiamehr, Ramin. « Precise Gravimetric Geoid Model for Iran Based on GRACE and SRTM Data and the Least-Squares Modification of Stokes’ Formula : with Some Geodynamic Interpretations ». Doctoral thesis, KTH, Transporter och samhällsekonomi (stängd 20110301), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4125.
Texte intégralQC 20100906
Guignandon, Alain. « Contribution à l'étude de la relation structure - fonction de cellules ostéoblastiques ROS 17/2. 8 soumises à des variations du vecteur gravité : approche quantitative de l'adhésion focale et relation avec le cycle cellulaire ». Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET4005.
Texte intégralGranet, Corinne. « Mécanismes d'adaptation de cellules ostéoblastiques Ros17/2. 8 aux variations des contraintes mécaniques dans des modèles de micro-gravité simulée et de déformation du support de culture : implication des facteurs de transcription : AP-1, Egr-1, NF-kB ». Saint-Etienne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STET006T.
Texte intégralDe, Linage Caroline. « Mesures gravimétriques au sol et satellitaires : étude du rapport entre variation de pesanteur et déplacement vertical et apport de la mission spatiale GRACE à l'étude des surcharges hydrologiques et des très grands séismes ». Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349160.
Texte intégralWerth, Susanna [Verfasser]. « Calibration of the global hydrological model WGHM with water mass variations from GRACE gravity data / Susanna Werth ». 2010. http://d-nb.info/1002803667/34.
Texte intégralElsaka, Basem [Verfasser]. « Simulated satellite formation flights for detecting the temporal variations of the Earth's gravity field / von Basem Abd Elkareem Anwar Elsaka ». 2010. http://d-nb.info/1007226625/34.
Texte intégralRoach, Lisa Aretha Nyala. « Temporal Variations in the Compliance of Gas Hydrate Formations ». Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/44081.
Texte intégralCheng, Kuei-Jen, et 程貴仁. « Evaluation of the Variation in Dynamic Performance and Service Life of a Manipulator after being Gravity Balanced ». Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38826032517157838685.
Texte intégral國立交通大學
機械工程學系
99
Manipulators have widely been utilized in industrial field to do assembly jobs in production lines. There are many different types of manipulators have been deployed for different applications, but most of them have a common characteristic, and that is the payload of a manipulator is much smaller than its self-weight. This is because a manipulator needs stiff structure to prevent from the excessive deformation resulted from the objects it holds to keep the positioning accuracy. However, the stiff structure results in the increase of the self-weigh and consumes considerable the output of the actuators of the manipulator. This not only increases the energy being consumed but also decreases the dynamic performance of the manipulator. The dynamic performance of a manipulator is usually presented by acceleration radius. Acceleration radius is an index which is used to measure of the acceleration capacity of a manipulator with a certain configuration and at a specific posture. Dynamic performance will be influenced by the configuration, the posture, and the output capacity of the constituent joint actuators of the manipulator under discussion. When it is represented by acceleration radius, it means that the maximum acceleration which the end of a manipulator with certain configuration can achieve in all directions at that specific posture. Conventionally, there are two approaches can be used to increase the dynamic performance of a manipulator, and they are: 1. raising the output limits of the actuators it uses; 2. reducing the weight of the manipulator system. Raising the output limits of the actuators means that more energy needs to be exerted or/and the specification of the actuators needs to be promoted. However, raising the output limits of the actuators would result in cost increase, and exerting more energy will increase the cost and reduce the derating rate. Lowering derating rate usually results in the decline of the designed service life. Reducing the weight of a manipulator system usually can be achieved by using better and stiffer materials or complicated but stiffer structures, or reducing the materials it uses. Using better materials and structure means the increase in the fabrication cost. Reducing the materials in use means the stiffness of the system decreases, and this will result in the deterioration in positioning accuracy which is caused by the increase of the compliance of the system. Based on what is stated above, these two conventional approaches used to promote the dynamic performance of a manipulator are not suitable to be implemented in real cases. In most applications, the output of actuators of a manipulator spends on counterbalancing the gravitational force resulted from the stiff but heavy structure, not on accelerating the object it holds. To redeem this insufficiency, this study utilizes auxiliary mechanisms which is designed based on gravity balance theory to eliminate the influence of the self-weight of a manipulator and the mechanism. However, the auxiliary mechanism can eliminate the influence of self-weight but also changes the configuration of the original manipulator. This change may affect the dynamic performance and the service life of the manipulator. To cope with this issue, this study utilizes maneuverability ratio to evaluate the influence of an auxiliary mechanism on the dynamic performance of a manipulator after being equipped with that mechanism. Besides, this study also utilizes deterioration rate to investigate the deterioration in dynamic performance of a manipulator with the errors resulted from the operation and evaluate the influence on the designed service life. This study provides an effective methodology to evaluate the influence of a gravity balance mechanism on the dynamic performance and the designed service life of a manipulator. With the help of proposed methodology, designers of manipulators can not only have the ability to find out the relationship among the energy efficiency, performance, and designed service life of a manipulator but also have the capability to choose the best design to match the prescribed service conditions based on the results of evaluation.
Razeghi, Seyedeh Mahdiyeh. « Surface mass variation on the solid earth inferred from GPS deformation time series and GRACE gravity field measurements ». Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1412540.
Texte intégralDeformation time series from GPS and gravity field change observations by the GRACE satellite mission, used either as validation or in combination, have been deployed to quantify the Earth’s elastic and viscous responses to different kinds of surface mass loading. These two data sets can complement each other to study the surface mass variations, when they are made consistent in terms of spatial resolution, temporal resolution and their reference frames. This study explored the Slepian localization method to make two distinct geodetic data sets consistent in terms of spatial and spectral resolutions. This method also made it possible to determine regional surface mass change in Australia merely by GPS deformation data. The monthly surface mass variation not only agreed with other independent datasets, such as GRACE, the atmospheric model, and the hydrology model, but also presented significant sub-monthly changes throughout the area of the study. In terms of the reference frame, a new technique was developed to co-estimate geocentre motion and the gravitational potential field from global observations of the GPS and GRACE. Geocentre motions resulting from this new approach were mostly consistent with the SLR degree-1 solutions indicating an overall seasonal migration pattern from Europe to the South Pacific Ocean of the degree-1 surface mass load. In addition to estimating the Earth’s elastic responses, these two geodetic data sets can also be employed for estimating the Earth’s viscous responses, which are associated to GIA. A high-resolution ice mass model of the Totten Glacier’s outlet was constructed, which follows altimetry measurements in terms of spatial resolution, and GRACE gravity data in terms of temporal resolution, to calculate the elastic deformation over the area. The GIA uplift rate was computed by removing anticipated elastic responses from the GPS vertical time series, and then the residual deformation was considered to be the viscos deformation and compared to various GIA models. It is also found that removal of the predicted elastic deformation from the east and north components of GPS tie series resulted in a steady-state trend relevant to kinematic plate motions.
Wang, Cheng-Gi, et 王成機. « Determinations of the Earth's gravity field and its temporal variation from satellite tracking data : case studies for CHAMP and GRACE missions ». Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81510444604262529305.
Texte intégral國立交通大學
土木工程系所
93
With the advent of the CHAMP and GRACE satellite missions, satellite gravimetry has opened a new era featuring high spatial resolution and accuracy. These two missions provide continuous satellite tracking data in a high-low(HL-SST) and a low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking(LL-SST) scenario. They are both equipped with accelerometers for determining non-gravitational forces and star-cameras for determining attitudes. For each mission a laser retro-reflector is also mounted to provide additional tracking data. The GRACE mission uses a K-band ranging system to determine ranges and range rates (RR) between the two GRACE satellites at an accuracy of 10 m and 1 m/s, respectively. Precise range-rate rates (RRR) can be derived from RR. The uniqueness and the unprecedented accuracy of CHAMP and GRACE's tracking data have motivated this study, which mainly focuses on methods for efficiently recovering the Earth's gravity field and its temporal variation. A phase method is developed. In this method, GPS phase observations of a low earth orbiter (LEO) are used to compute line-of-sight accelerations between GPS and LEO, which are then used to determine the 3-dimensional accelerations of LEO using precise GPS ephemeris. Accelerations are linear functions of gravity coefficients, which make the least-squares estimation of gravity coefficients very simple in terms of computational effort. This method is efficient and does not require modeling GPS integer ambiguities. However, accelerations other than the Earth's gravity-induced acceleration must be modeled and removed from the phase-determined accelerations. The gravity coefficients recovered from CHAMP by this method agree well with the EGM96 gravity coefficients. Closed, linear expressions between RR or RRR and gravity coefficients are established using a linear orbit perturbation theory. These expressions are based on the concepts that RR is a function of the potential difference between two satellites and RRR is the line-of-sight acceleration. These expressions are used in a least-squares estimation of gravity coefficients from GRACE's RR or RRR. Seven days of simulated data using EGM96 and OSU91A have been used to test the theories and computer programs based on these expressions. A direct acceleration method is employed to determine the time variation of the Earth's gravity field. In this method, the accelerations of LEO are determined by numerical differentiations of the positions of LEO. After removing accelerations other than the Earth's gravity-induced accelerations, linear relations between LEO accelerations and gravity coefficients can be established, as in the phase method. Empirical parameters can be used to model the residual non-Earth-gravity accelerations. The time series of J2 derived from one year of CHAMP data and four months of GRACE data by this method closely resemble the SLR-derived time series of J2. Moreover, one set of normal equations is computed from a 7-day orbit arc. A total of 42 such normal equations from CHAMP data and 33 normal equations from GRACE data are computed. These normal equations are considered uncorrelated and are combined to determine an averaged gravity field. This gravity field yields a geoid model with an accuracy of better 5 mm at a spatial resolution of 1000 km half-wavelength, which is better than those derived from the recent satellite-only EIGEN-1S and EGM96 gravity fields.
Wen-Chieh, Chen, et 陳文傑. « The Influence of HMA Mixture’s Sampling Variation on Quantitative Extraction of Asphalt Binder and Detection of Standard Test Body’s Bulk Specific Gravity By AC10 ». Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27718047220484220499.
Texte intégral國立金門大學
土木與工程管理學系碩士班
103
In recent years, local governments have taken the “flat road project” as a key priority of administration; meanwhile, various projects and related research programs have been promoted successively, which mainly aim to avoid safety problems caused by damaged or short-life bumpy roads. HMA is mostly utilized material in domestic road pavements for vehicles. In order to make sure that the pavement materials quality can conforms to the design criteria and further insure the asphalt concrete payment’s long-term service efficiency, the quality of asphalt concrete shall be inspected to check whether it can meets the expected requirements. The research focuses on the influence of the sampling variation of HMA with a viscosity grade of AC-10 on the test results of acceptance indexes and evaluates how it influent on the terminal test results so as to confirm whether its properties meet the requirements. Analysis of test results shows that when the coarse aggregate content of the sample is less than that of JMF, with respect to the most probable value, the asphalt content and the compaction degree increase, and the bulk specific gravity decreases; when it is greater than that of JMF, compared to the most probable value, the asphalt content and the compaction degree decrease, and the bulk specific gravity increases. The sampling variability causes the grain size of the sieved part to go beyond JMF and the test result to be nonconforming, so the constructors have to remove and remake them, which has a bad influence. Therefore, sampling and testing are equally important. People should take samples cautiously enough to make the sample represent the population as much as possible. Keywords: HMA, Sampling Variation, Asphalt Content, Bulk Specific Gravity, Compaction Degree