Articles de revues : « Granular platform »

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Dan Liu, Dan Liu. « Study on Cultural Consumption Characteristics of Museum Short Video Platforms under the Threshold of Identifier Economics ». Northeast Asian Arts and Cultural Management Association 1, n^o 1 (30 juin 2024) : 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.69887/jnaacm.2024.1.1.49.

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Purpose - This study examines museums’ operations on the Shakeology platform, elucidating the characteristics of museums’ cultural consumption in relation to identity, cultural identity, value identity, and the cluster effect of certified museums. The study explores how short video platforms can serve as effective tools for cultural communication and consumption promotion. Design/Methodology/Approach - The study utilizes qualitative research to investigate how museums utilize the Shakeology platform to create a diverse content ecosystem and improve audience engagement. Data is collected through the analysis of museum activities on the platform, including content types, interaction strategies, and audience engagement. It also examines how short video platforms differ from traditional media in terms of granular information processing and community interaction. Findings - Short video platforms are more effective in communication than traditional media due to their granular information processing and community interaction. Museums that focus on Shakeology can enhance consumers’ connection to cultural heritage, optimize market positioning, and improve audience interaction. Key characteristics of cultural consumption on the platform include enhanced cultural identity, value identity, and a significant cluster effect of certified museums, leading to a richer cultural experience for audiences. Research Implications - The study holds significant implications for museums aiming to utilize modern media for audience engagement and market positioning. By understanding cultural consumption dynamics on short video platforms, museums can customize content and interaction strategies to cultivate stronger audience connections. The study suggests that museums should continue to innovate and adapt to new media trends to enhance their cultural communication efforts.

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Kim, Woon-Hyung, Tuncer B. Edil, Craig H. Benson et Burak F. Tanyu. « Structural Contribution of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Working Platforms in Flexible Pavement ». Transportation Research Record : Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1936, n^o 1 (janvier 2005) : 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193600106.

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A study was conducted in the field and with a large-scale model experiment (LSME) to evaluate the structural contribution of a 0.30-m-thick geosynthetic-reinforced granular layer used as a working platform for construction over soft subgrade. The study was conducted in the context of the 1993 AASHTO design guideline, in which the structural number (SN) of the pavement is based on layer coefficients (each defined using a resilient modulus). Working platforms reinforced with geosynthetics had smaller elastic deflections and larger elastic moduli than unreinforced working platforms with the same thickness. Reinforcement factors obtained in the field ranged from 1.2 to 1.8; those obtained in the laboratory ranged from 1.7 to 2.0, with greater reinforcement factors for the less extensible geosynthetics (geogrid, woven geotextile) for a 0.3-m-thick granular working platform. Of the four geosynthetics tested, the geogrid resulted in the greatest increase in modulus. Reinforcing the working platforms with geosynthetics resulted in increases in layer coefficients ranging from 50% to 70%. Similarly, increases in SN for a typical pavement structure were realized, ranging from 3% to 11% when all other factors were equal.

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Goodall, Sean, et Richard Merifield. « Working platforms and bearing capacity assessments of sand overlying clay using finite element limit analysis ». Australian Geomechanics Journal 58, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2023) : 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.56295/agj5835.

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The bearing capacity of shallow foundations on layered soils is typically based on empirical models assuming a strip footing. Shape factors are then applied to the strip footing solution to account for the specific geometry of the foundation being considered. A common practical application of this methodology is when the ultimate bearing capacity of a granular working platform constructed over a clay subgrade is estimated using the Working Platforms for Tracked Plant BRE-470 guideline. Previous studies using finite element limit analysis have been undertaken to examine a strip footing on a layered soil and how the resulting bearing capacity compares to that derived from BRE-470. This paper presents an extension of previous work by the authors using finite element limit analysis to investigate the three-dimensional influence on the bearing capacity of square and rectangular footings on sand over clay. The finite element limit analysis solutions are used to produce charts to assist designers with estimating the ultimate bearing capacity of granular working platforms overlying clay. The paper also aims to highlight some important considerations when adopting the BRE-470 guideline to design granular working platforms overlying clay.

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Okyay, U. S., D. Dias, L. Thorel et G. Rault. « Centrifuge Modeling of a Pile-Supported Granular Earth-Platform ». Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 140, n^o 2 (février 2014) : 04013015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001004.

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Shapira, Kfir, et Ines Zucker. « Emerging investigator series : Molybdenum disulfide-enabled activated carbon - a multifunctional adsorbent for practical water treatment applications ». Environmental Science : Nano 9, n^o 2 (2022) : 477–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1en00897h.

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This study addresses barriers to large-scale application of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in water treatment schemes through its affixation onto granular activated carbon (AC) as an active adsorbing platform.

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Du, Wen Sheng. « Transformations and information granularity of knowledge structures in set-based granular computing ». Journal of Intelligent & ; Fuzzy Systems 41, n^o 1 (11 août 2021) : 451–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202086.

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Granular computing is a relatively new platform for constructing, describing and processing information or knowledge. For crisp information granulation, the universe is decomposed into granules by binary relations on the universe, say, preorder, tolerance and equivalence relations. A knowledge structure is composed of all information granules induced by a relation that corresponds to the granulation. This paper establishes a novel theoretical framework for the measurement of information granularity of knowledge structures. First, two new relations between knowledge structures are introduced through the use of their respective Boolean relation matrices, where the granular equality relation is defined based on an orthogonal transformation with the transformation matrix being a permutation matrix, and the granularly finer relation is presented by combining the classical finer relation and the orthogonal transformation. Then, it is demonstrated that the simplified knowledge structure base with the granularly finer relation is a partially ordered set, which can be represented by a Hasse diagram. Subsequently, an axiomatic definition of information granularity is proposed to satisfy the constraints regarding these two relations. Moreover, a general form of the information granularity is given, and some existing measures are proved to be its special cases. Finally, as an application of the proposed measure, the attribute significance measure is developed based on the information granularity.

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Wang, Xiao Liang, et Jia Chun Li. « Numerical Triaxial Apparatus and Application ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (août 2013) : 3251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3251.

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A numerical triaxial apparatus based on discrete element method is developed on the platform of Yade using Python script. A DEM model with rolling resistance contact considered is proposed for dense granular materials, which is then applied in triaxial compression test of Chende sand. Stress-strain response and volume-axial strain response of the DEM model agree well with that of experiments, with a good prediction of dilatancy angle. Degradation of granular materials duo to particle erosion is also investigated using triaxial compression tests. It is indicated that peak friction angle decreases with the remove of particles if strong force network of granular materials is destroyed.

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Agrela, Francisco, Francisco González-Gallardo, Julia Rosales, Javier Tavira, Jesús Ayuso et Manuel Cabrera. « Complete Real-Scale Application of Recycled Aggregates in a Port Loading Platform in Huelva, Spain ». Materials 13, n^o 11 (10 juin 2020) : 2651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13112651.

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The application of recycled aggregates (RA) from construction and demolition waste and crushed concrete blocks is a very important challenge for the coming years from the environmental point of view, in order to reduce the exploitation of natural resources. In Spain, the use of these recycled materials in the construction of road bases and sub-bases is growing significantly. However, presently, there are few studies focused on the properties and behavior of RA in civil works such as road sections or seaport platforms. In this work, two types of RA were studied and used in a complete real-scale application. Firstly, recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) were applied in the granular base layer under bituminous superficial layers, and secondly mixed recycled aggregates (MRA) which contain a mix of ceramic, asphalt, and concrete particles were applied in the granular subbase layer, under the base layer made with RCA. Both RA were applied in a port loading platform in Huelva, applying a 100% recycling rate. This civil engineering work complied with the technical requirements of the current Spanish legislation required for the use of conventional aggregates. The environmental benefits of this work have been very relevant, and it should encourage the application of MRA and RCA in civil engineering works such as port platforms in a much more extended way. This is the first and documented real-scale application of RA to completely build the base and sub-base of a platform in the Huelva Port, Spain, replacing 100% of natural aggregates with recycled ones.

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Zhou, Yanlei, Tao Jia, Xiangjun Zhang, Zhenyu Liu et R. D. K. Misra. « Investigation on tempering of granular bainite in an offshore platform steel ». Materials Science and Engineering : A 626 (février 2015) : 352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.12.074.

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Kusk, Kalle, et Midas Nouwens. « Platform-Mediated Food Delivery Work ». Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (7 novembre 2022) : 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555645.

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CSCW holds a valuable set of notions and tools for future granular inquiry into the work practice on food delivery platforms and pertinent questions from the field of food delivery resonate with research agendas within CSCW. This argument is based on a synthetic literature review that identifies characteristics of food delivery work and connects them to previous scholarship within CSCW. With few exceptions, the food delivery workers in the papers included are typically young, male and of immigrant background. The work practice the papers describe typically relies on algorithmic management, flexible scheduling, pay-per-delivery, and while food delivery workers work solitarily, workers repeatedly organize in both formal and informal groups. Finally, the review shows that while these characteristics are common, the local environment where the work is done has a significant impact on the workers' practice, resulting in meaningful differences between places and platforms that should be considered. The discussion brings forth salient issues and outlines two alleys of future work.

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McIntyre, Stewart, Lisa Van Loon, Nathaniel Sherry, Michael Bauer, Tom Kotzer et Neil Banerjee. « Microscopic Characterization of Uranium Ore Specimens Using the Peakaboo Analysis Platform ». Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, S2 (30 juillet 2020) : 1278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620017560.

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AbstractXRF maps of a uranium ore sample have been analyzed using software that allows the graphical spatial correlations of all detected elements to be measured. The association of uranium with arsenic, nickel and cesium was explored; all showed unique finely-granular microscopic patterns that could be used to assist the recovery of uranium and rare earths.

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Menon, Nirup, Anant Mishra et Shun Ye. « Beyond Related Experience : Upstream vs. Downstream Experience in Innovation Contest Platforms with Interdependent Problem Domains ». Manufacturing & ; Service Operations Management 22, n^o 5 (septembre 2020) : 1045–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2019.0794.

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Problem definition: Innovation contest platforms are often organized around specific fields and host contests that span a variety of interdependent problem domains. Whereas contestants may benefit from related experience in contests whose problem domains share an interdependency with the focal problem domain, it is unclear whether the benefits of related experience arise symmetrically from upstream experience (i.e., experience in problem domains that provide input information to the focal problem domain) and downstream experience (i.e., experience in problem domains that use output information from the focal problem domain) or differ among them. Academic/practical relevance: Given that innovation contest platforms serve to effectively match contest problem requirements with contestants’ skills, it is important to understand how a contestant’s prior experience on a platform contributes to her problem-solving performance. Our research provides a more granular examination of the benefits of related experience than what has been examined in prior studies on individual learning or innovation contests. Methodology: We collected detailed archival data from TopCoder, a leading innovation contest platform that hosts contests across multiple interdependent software development problem domains, from its launch in 2001 to September 2013. Our data set comprises detailed participation histories of 821 contestants in 3,274 contests across eight interdependent problem domains involving 8,985 observations. Results: Whereas a contestant’s related experience on the innovation contest platform is more positively associated with her focal contest performance compared with unrelated experience, the benefits of related experience arise only from downstream experience. That is, there are no significant performance benefits of upstream experience. Furthermore, the performance benefits of downstream experience are greater when the contest duration is shorter, highlighting its role in enabling more efficient search and problem solving in innovation contest platforms with interdependent problem domains. Managerial implications: Contrary to the notion of “hyperspecialization,” our findings suggest that contestants can reap benefits from diversifying their experience into downstream problem domains on innovation contest platforms. Furthermore, innovation contest platforms could facilitate such targeted diversification of contestant experience by developing more granular metrics of contestant experience across problem domains. Our findings also have implications for resource allocation and job rotation decisions in software development projects within firms.

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Kuriakose, Francis, et Deepa Kylasam Iyer. « Digital Workers, Urban Vectors, and New Economies ». South Atlantic Quarterly 120, n^o 4 (1 octobre 2021) : 749–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9443308.

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Platform capitalism has enabled digital platforms to bring producers, consumers, and workers in a multisided marketplace with the purpose of collecting data. The resulting commodification of materiality and sociality in the digital sphere and the proprietary control of data open opportunities for value creation and realization, quite distinct from the value propositions of industrial manufacturing. As the relationship between value generation and human labor becomes tenuous or invisible, management strategies to appropriate value extends beyond labor control to direct appropriation. This article explores how labor responds to such devices of control and appropriation by digital platforms. Using the typological approach, the study argues that labor resistance emerges as a direct response to the management strategies of platforms in the form of granular resistance, data activism, trade unions and workers’ organization, and collective ownership.

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Yang, Xiyang, Shiqing Zhang, Xinjun Zhang et Fusheng Yu. « Polynomial Fuzzy Information Granule-Based Time Series Prediction ». Mathematics 10, n^o 23 (28 novembre 2022) : 4495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10234495.

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Fuzzy information granulation transfers the time series analysis from the numerical platform to the granular platform, which enables us to study the time series at a different granularity. In previous studies, each fuzzy information granule in a granular time series can reflect the average, range, and linear trend characteristics of the data in the corresponding time window. In order to get a more general information granule, this paper proposes polynomial fuzzy information granules, each of which can reflect both the linear trend and the nonlinear trend of the data in a time window. The distance metric of the proposed information granules is given theoretically. After studying the distance measure of the polynomial fuzzy information granule and its geometric interpretation, we design a time series prediction method based on the polynomial fuzzy information granules and fuzzy inference system. The experimental results show that the proposed prediction method can achieve a good long-term prediction.

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Zhou, Shihua, Zhaohui Ren, Yongchao Zhang et Jianzhong Ju. « Analysis of flow characteristics of granular material unloaded on nonlinear vibration inclined platform ». Applied Mathematical Modelling 78 (février 2020) : 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2019.10.004.

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Tang, Xiao, Chunsheng Wang, Yukun Hu, Zijian Liu et Feiliang Li. « Adaptive Fuzzy PID Based on Granular Function for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Oxygen Excess Ratio Control ». Energies 14, n^o 4 (21 février 2021) : 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041140.

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An effective oxygen excess ratio control strategy for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can avoid oxygen starvation and optimize system performance. In this paper, a fuzzy PID control strategy based on granular function (GFPID) was proposed. Meanwhile, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell dynamic model was established on the MATLAB/Simulink platform, including the stack model system and the auxiliary system. In order to avoid oxygen starvation due to the transient variation of load current and optimize the parasitic power of the auxiliary system and the stack voltage, the purpose of optimizing the overall operating condition of the system was finally achieved. Adaptive fuzzy PID (AFPID) control has the technical bottleneck limitation of fuzzy rules explosion. GFPID eliminates fuzzification and defuzzification to solve this phenomenon. The number of fuzzy rules does not affect the precision of GFPID control, which is only related to the fuzzy granular points in the fitted granular response function. The granular function replaces the conventional fuzzy controller to realize the online adjustment of PID parameters. Compared with the conventional PID and AFPID control, the feasibility and superiority of the algorithm based on particle function are verified.

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Han, Wen-Hui, Ke Cheng, Xiao-Nan Liu, Jia-Qi Dong, Xiao-Song Chen et Liang Huang. « Universal cover-time distributions of random motion in bounded granular gases ». Chaos : An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 33, n^o 2 (février 2023) : 023127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0133953.

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The exhaustive random exploration of a complex domain is a fundamental issue in many natural, social, and engineering systems. The key characterizing quantity is the cover time, which is the time to visit every site in the system. One prototypical experimental platform is the confined granular gas, where the random motion of granular particles mimics the wandering of random walkers in a confined region. Here, we investigate the cover-time distribution of the random motion of tracer particles in granular gases confined in four containers to account for different boundary and angle effects and examine whether the cover time of the heterogeneous random motion of the granular gases can be rescaled into the universal Gumbel distribution according to a recent theory [Dong et al., arXiv:2210.05122 (2022)]. It is found that for long cover times, the experimental results are in full accord, while for short cover times, the agreement is reasonable, with noticeable deviations that can be attributed to spatial correlations of the sites in the covering process. Our results, thus, call for further theoretical investigations in order to take into full account these nonideal issues.

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Giuffrida, E., M. Mangia, V. Figini, E. Carli, A. Colombo, M. Mendolaro, A. Lavagna et al. « P256 The practical use of an eHealth platform for inflammatory bowel disease patients : the validation of the IBD Tool web-based tele-monitoring system ». Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (1 janvier 2022) : i297—i298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.383.

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Abstract Background Tele-monitoring and eHealth tools are useful to monitor disease burden and activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We developed a web-based tele-monitoring platform (IBD Tool), in order to monitor granularly disease activity and impact on patients’ lives. Aim of this abstract is to report preliminary data on IBD Tool effectiveness. Methods Consecutive IBD patients were offered the access to the tele-monitoring platform (IBD Tool) as a part of an ongoing investigator-initiated observational study, overall 677 patients were enrolled between February and November 2021. Validated questionnaires administered on the platform captured disease activity [Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI), Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI), Monitor IBD At Home Questionnaire for Crohn’s disease (CD) or for ulcerative colitis (UC): MIAH-CD or MIAH-UC] and disease burden and quality of life. Patients were randomized 1:1 to standard of care (only activity questionnaires required every 3-months) and telemedicine (activity questionnaires required monthly, remaining questionnaires every 3-months). Results Out of 678 patients enrolled, 585 (87%) are active on the platform and filled overall 14,297 questionnaires during an average follow-up of 9.8 months, the mean number of questionnaires filled/patient was 24.9. Characteristics of the patient enrolled in the study are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Characteristics of patients enrolled on the IBD Tool tele-monitoring platform and questionnaires filled Among the 320 cases with 2 or more observations in the IBD Tool platform, it was possible to analyse disease activity variation (summarized as constant, amelioration, or worsening) according to SCCAI or HBI changes ±2 points, results are detailed in Table 2. Table 2. Charateristics of patients constant, ameliorating or worsening in time. Conclusion Patients’ persistence in the tele-monitoring system is adequate; the systems offer granular and precise multidimensional evaluation of IBD patients.

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Luschtinetz, Thomas, Wojciech Zeńczak et Daniel Łuszczyński. « The Selected Results of the Experimental Research of Solid Fuel Pneumatic Transportation to Ship’s Boiler ». Management Systems in Production Engineering 27, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2019) : 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mspe-2019-0023.

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AbstractThe article presents the problems related to the application of alternative fuel like solid biomass in the shipbuilding. The decreasing resources of the crude oil, the requirements regarding environmental protection as well as the increase of the liquid fuel prices were the reason for the study. The solid biomass comparing to the liquid or gaseous forms has relatively low calorific value. In order to increase this value the solid biomass is subject to the densification or torrefaction process and most often occurs in the shape of pellets. In this form it could be useful on ships. A test stand has been characterised where it can be experimentally verified whether ship’s rolling does affect the changes in flow resistance values during the pneumatic transportation of solid fuel from the storage facility to the boiler. On the basis of the measurements the hydraulic characteristics have been provided for the piping located on the movable platform with and without granular material. The changes in the platform oscillation period have influence on the change in the pressure inside transport piping for each investigated material. The results also show that the platform constantly inclinations do exert an influence on the pressure drop in the transport pipeline during transporting the granular material. It is smaller when the position is inclined. Comparing the results obtained for the different transported materials of a similar nature of the pressure fluctuations could be observed.

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Wang, Guang Jin, Tian Jun Liu, Wen Bin Dong et Xiang Yun Kong. « The Application of Cellular Automata in the Dumping Site Analysis ». Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (août 2012) : 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.355.

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Based on Cellular Automata method，The article developed the HHC-CA model which generated the granular samples of different fabric to characterize the heterogeneous and random distribution of samples group．Then by means of FLAC3D，conducting triaxial numerical simulation tests of granular samples and acquiring the average cohesion C and average internal frictional angle of different relative height．In addition，on the basis of on-site survey of granular size distribution，the slope model of current situation，had considered the features of particle size grading，was established according to Xiyuanlin 413 step dumping site．The results of slope stability analysis indicated that the upper displacement vector，whose displacement direction maintained the same direction of the current situation slope of Xiyuanlin 413 step dumping site，performanced for subsidence．The middle displacement vector showed shear and the displacement vector of bottom had slightly the trend of anti-lift．The slope failure model of current situation expressed in crack at the top platform and shearing out with a arc in the middle．This status of current situation slope was temporary steady stage．

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Kapranova, A. B., D. V. Stenko, D. D. Bahaeva, A. A. Vatagin et A. E. Lebedev. « Efficiency Factors of Rotary Mixing of Granular Raw Materials for the Cyber-Physical Platform ». Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta 29, n^o 1 (2023) : 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/vestnik.2023.01.pp.102-114.

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Mendhe, Dinesh, Stephanie Bergren et XinQi Dong. « A Novel Survey Platform in the Age of COVID-19 to Increase Accuracy and Adoptability While Reducing Selection Bias ». Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (1 décembre 2020) : 931–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3415.

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Abstract Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, secure and distanced data collection platforms are critical for reaching vulnerable populations. Commonly used electronic data collection systems lack a myriad of critical features, including a modern technology stack, new data encryption and security standards, study workflows, and reporting algorithms. Moreover, these systems do not have multilingual mapping functionalities of survey and consent forms. All of these components ultimately increase selection bias while simultaneously reducing the security and quality of the response data. In order to directly address the aforementioned issues, we have developed a multilingual and highly secure data management platform. Our application is built using stable, tested, and modular programming frameworks and design patterns targeted at accommodating intricately complex structures of polyglot mapping, large volume of data, encryption and granular user authorization. The statistical accuracy along with the multilingual mapping are the core highlights of this system. The multilingual function of this platform has the ability to eliminate selection biases while creating a well-balanced cross-section of society. Modern survey design workflows and validation checks ultimately prevent data loss and help reduce data collection errors. The platform design was initiated in April 1, 2020 and has been pilot tested for use in multilingual populations. The currently active application version of the system is capable of supporting in-person and telephone interviews, emailing survey links to every registered participant, building family tree architecture, and online consent management. This platform also has built-in report functionality. Additional features are being explored to improve study coordination and monitoring.

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Klein, Edina, Janek Weiler, Michael Wagner, Minja Čelikić, Christof M. Niemeyer, Harald Horn et Johannes Gescher. « Enrichment of phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in a microfluidic model biofilm system by mimicking a typical aerobic granular sludge feast/famine regime ». Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 106, n^o 3 (15 janvier 2022) : 1313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11759-8.

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Abstract Wastewater treatment using aerobic granular sludge has gained increasing interest due to its advantages compared to conventional activated sludge. The technology allows simultaneous removal of organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in a single reactor system and is independent of space-intensive settling tanks. However, due to the microscale, an analysis of processes and microbial population along the radius of granules is challenging. Here, we introduce a model system for aerobic granular sludge on a small scale by using a machine-assisted microfluidic cultivation platform. With an implemented logic module that controls solenoid valves, we realized alternating oxic hunger and anoxic feeding phases for the biofilms growing within. Sampling during ongoing anoxic cultivation directly from the cultivation channel was achieved with a robotic sampling device. Analysis of the biofilms was conducted using optical coherence tomography, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and amplicon sequencing. Using this setup, it was possible to significantly enrich the percentage of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO) belonging to the family Rhodocyclaceae in the community compared to the starting inoculum. With the aid of this miniature model system, it is now possible to investigate the influence of a multitude of process parameters in a highly parallel way to understand and efficiently optimize aerobic granular sludge-based wastewater treatment systems.Key points• Development of a microfluidic model to study EBPR.• Feast-famine regime enriches polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs).• Microfluidics replace sequencing batch reactors for aerobic granular sludge research.

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Chalak, Caroline, Laurent Briançon et Pascal Villard. « Coupled numerical and experimental analyses of load transfer mechanisms in granular-reinforced platform overlying cavities ». Geotextiles and Geomembranes 47, n^o 5 (octobre 2019) : 587–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.04.003.

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Nguyen, Duy T., Jack E. Famiglietti, Ryan A. Smolchek, Zadia Dupee, Nickolas Diodati, Diego I. Pedro, Juan M. Urueña, Matthew A. Schaller et W. Gregory Sawyer. « 3D In Vitro Platform for Cell and Explant Culture in Liquid-like Solids ». Cells 11, n^o 6 (11 mars 2022) : 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060967.

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Existing 3D cell models and technologies have offered tools to elevate cell culture to a more physiologically relevant dimension. One mechanism to maintain cells cultured in 3D is by means of perfusion. However, existing perfusion technologies for cell culture require complex electronic components, intricate tubing networks, or specific laboratory protocols for each application. We have developed a cell culture platform that simply employs a pump-free suction device to enable controlled perfusion of cell culture media through a bed of granular microgels and removal of cell-secreted metabolic waste. We demonstrated the versatile application of the platform by culturing single cells and keeping tissue microexplants viable for an extended period. The human cardiomyocyte AC16 cell line cultured in our platform revealed rapid cellular spheroid formation after 48 h and ~90% viability by day 7. Notably, we were able to culture gut microexplants for more than 2 weeks as demonstrated by immunofluorescent viability assay and prolonged contractility.

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Li, Ba, Xiaoshun Zhou, Shujun Jia, Xiaoping Chen, Song Fu, Dongliang Zhao, Haonan Zhang et Jie Guo. « Study on Fracture Behavior and Toughening Mechanisms of Ultra-High-Strength Pipeline Steel ». Metals 14, n^o 6 (4 juin 2024) : 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14060666.

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In this paper, a series of low-temperature CVN (Charpy V-notch impact test) and DWTT (drop-weight tear test) experiments were carried out to deal with the intensifying contradiction of strength and toughness of ultra-high-strength pipeline steel. The fracture behavior and toughening mechanisms of ultra-high-strength pipeline steel were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and backscattered electron diffraction systems. The results show that DWTT fractures in ultra-high-strength pipeline steel had a variety of unconventional morphological features compared to CVN fractures, including ridge protrusion in ductile fracture conditions and a large-size fracture platform in brittle fracture conditions. Therefore, DWTT fractures contained more information about the material fracturing process, and could better reflect the actual process of material fracturing. In ultra-high-strength pipeline steel, fine-grained granular bainite caused cracks to undergo large deflections or frequent small transitions, which consumed additional energy and improved toughness. In contrast, large-sized granular bainite, which consisted of low-angle grain boundaries, did not effectively prevent crack propagation when it encountered cracks, which was not conducive to improved toughness. Moreover, the M/A constituents in large-sized granular bainite aggregated, cracked, or fell off, which could easily lead to the formation of microcracks and was also detrimental to toughening.

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Murakami Wood, David, et Debra Mackinnon. « Partial Platforms and Oligoptic Surveillance in the Smart City ». Surveillance & ; Society 17, n^o 1/2 (31 mars 2019) : 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i1/2.13116.

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Smart city technologies are proliferating in our urban environments. The latest iteration of the urban techno-fix, cities on a global level have begun piloting and plugging into a range of “smart” infrastructure and IoT, resulting in granular and even enactments of “the actually existing smart city.” Rather than evoking the once promised vision of the totalizing smart city, the adoption of these technologies draws attention to the fractured, varied, and layered characteristics of these systems. This paper draws on research into GeoPal, an asset management platform used mainly by business improvement areas (BIAs)—in order to ground our theoretical discussion of oligoptic geospatial surveillance.

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Ji, Tianyu, Wei Yang, Renhai Pu et Xueqiong Wu. « Research on the lithofacies and paleogeography of the lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation in the northern Tarim Basin, northwestern China ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, n^o 12 (décembre 2020) : 1463–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2019-0214.

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Based on the study of cores, thin sections, and outcrops, the sedimentary facies of the lower Cambrian carbonate rocks in the northern Tarim Basin can be divided into four types: restricted platform, open platform, ramp, and basin. Based on the lithologic analysis of thin sections, two-dimensional seismic data interpretation, and an isopach map of the lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation in the study area, seven sedimentary facies of carbonate rocks were identified, including inner platform depression, shoal, intershoal sea, platform margin, gypsum salt lake, ramp, and basin. The depositional model of the lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation in the northern Tarim Basin is constructed based on this integrated research. The topset, foreset, and bottomset of oblique progradational reflections are interpreted as the platform margin beach, ramp, and basin environments, respectively. The thicker area with micritic dolomite as the dominant lithology is interpreted as a platform depression. The low-amplitude hummocky reflections are interpreted as shoals that consist of a variety of granular dolomite and algal dolomite. The thinner uplifted area with gypsum and dolomite present in cores is interpreted as a restricted platform with a gypsiferous dolomite tidal flat or lake environment. Well LT1, which was drilled recently in the platform margin and ramp region, as indicated by seismic progradational clinoform reflections, has produced high yields of oil and gas. Supported by the above research results, the map of the lithofacies and paleogeography of the Xiaoerbulake Formation in the northern Tarim Basin was recompiled.

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Hu, Han, Feng Yu, Song Zhang, Jing Yin, Haiyan Zhang, Jiaru Zhang, Xiaonan Zhang, Miaoyan Cao et Shahzad Murtaza. « Ultrasonic-Assisted Granular Medium Forming of Aluminum Alloy 6063-T5 : Simulations and Experiments ». Metals 14, n^o 8 (24 juillet 2024) : 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14080847.

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To address the challenges posed by the complex shapes of hollow parts, this study examined the ultrasonic-assisted granular medium hydroforming (UGMF) process for tubular components. The dynamics of the deformation behavior and deformation control during 6063-T5 aluminum alloy tube free forming by UGMF were studied via simulations and experiments. Based on the ABAQUS software platform, a coupled method based on finite element (FE) simulation analysis and discrete element (DE) analysis for the UGMF free forming process was used. The results showed that ultrasonic vibration (UV) could reduce the forming force required for expansion and promote the flow of material at the end to the forming area as well as inhibit the decrease in the wall thickness. The accuracy of the FE-DE coupled simulation model and a parabolic geometric model was verified by testing. The results found that UV enhances material flow, decreases the forming force needed, and minimizes damage to the granular surface.

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Bo, Yan, Li Qiang, Zhang Bin, Junlong Zhang et Xiangxiang He. « Mechanism of formation and Characteristics of deposition of Cambrian gravity flow in the eastern gucheng area, Tarim Basin ». Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 25 (13 décembre 2022) : 410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v25i.3587.

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The Gucheng Cambrian margin and Luoxi Cambrian margin is on both sides of eastern Tarim basin. Base on the analysis of cores,thin sections and seismic data of Luoxi slope areas,this paper systematically studies the formation condition, reservoir characteristics and favorable accumulation factors of gravity flow. The gravity flow sedimentary types include debris flow, high density flow and low density flow, debris flow and high density flow reservoir is better. Hydrothermal reconstruction has active effect on reservoir. There are six phases mound-beaches develop in platform margin, reservoir characteristics are algae framework dolomite and granular dolomite. Phases of mound-beaches develop to steep slope. Seismic and geochemical data indicate that the mound-beaches are exposed with corrosion characteristics,the platform margin-slope have the requirements of geomorphologie antique and quality reservoir source.

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Papti, Mr Madhu Kumar. « Multimodal Content Analysis Using Deep Learning ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, n^o 5 (31 mai 2024) : 564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.61566.

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Abstract: The multimodal content analysis platform combines sentiment analysis and neural style transfertechniques to process and improve various types of digital content. The sentiment analysis module utilizes natural language processing (NLP) algorithms, such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) or transformer models like BERT, to extract emotional signals from textual, visual, and auditory inputs. Signals are classified into predefined sentiment categories, providing granular insights into the emotional context of the content. The platform employs neural style transfer algorithms, such as style transfer networks (NSTNs) or generative adversarial networks (GANs), to transfer stylistic attributes between texts. By training on a diverse range of artistic styles, the system learns to apply these styles to input text while preserving semantic meaning. This process enhances the visual representation of textual content, making it more appealing and engaging to users.

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Ahn, Yongkil, et Chul-Sung Lee. « The Long Tail Effect in the Online Food Ordering and Delivery Industry ». Institute of Management and Economy Research 15, n^o 1 (30 mars 2024) : 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.32599/apjb.15.1.202403.99.

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Purpose - This study aims to quantify the long tail effect in the digital economy. It also investigates the role of digital platform before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach - We take advantage of a granular data set from one of the biggest digital platforms in Korea. Rather than computing the absolute number of products sold or the Gini coefficient, we estimate the slope of the log-linear relationship of the non-parametric sales distribution. Findings - We find that the use of online food order and delivery services is positively associated with individual restaurant’s sales growth. We also document that the long tail effect is increasing over time. Long tail effects are clustered in the cross-section where average revenue per order is high or the restaurant belongs to the top 50% of the sales distribution. Research implications or Originality - The findings may indicate that digital platforms are contributing to the development of the digital economy in Korea. Also, we confirm that digital platforms make it possible for small and sole proprietors to go through the difficulties induced by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Cydzik-Kwiatkowska, Agnieszka, Martyna Grzyb et Piotr Jachimowicz. « Metatranscriptome Analysis of Bisphenol A-Exposed Aerobic Granular Sludge ». Energies 14, n^o 11 (2 juin 2021) : 3263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113263.

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Understanding of the metabolic pathways connected with a removal of micropollutant bisphenol A (BPA) may help to better design effective wastewater treatment processes. The aim of this study was to determine changes in gene expression in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) community exposed to BPA. In the study, AGS adapted to BPA degradation was used. In this sludge, BPA was dosed; as a control sample, granules without BPA addition were used. mRNA was isolated from both samples and sequenced using the Illumina platform. Metatranscriptome analysis of AGS exposed to BPA indicated direct biodegradation as the main mechanism of BPA removal from wastewater. High expression of genes coding pilus and flagellin proteins in the BPA-exposed biomass indicated that exposition to BPA stimulated aggregation of microbial cells and formation of biofilm. In the BPA-exposed biomass, nitrogen was mainly used as an energy source, as indicated by the presence of genes coding nitrification enzymes and urease. Moreover, exposition to BPA stimulated expression of genes coding proteins responsible for xenobiotic degradation, including enzymes responsible for benzoate degradation. These results increase knowledge about BPA metabolism in complex microbial communities in wastewater treatment systems and indicate that AGS is suitable for efficiently removing BPA from wastewater.

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Wu, Ze-Xiang, Hui Ji, Jian Han et Chuang Yu. « Numerical modelling of granular column collapse using coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian technique with critical state soil model ». Engineering Computations 36, n^o 7 (12 août 2019) : 2480–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-08-2018-0358.

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Purpose Current modellings of granular collapse are lack of considering the effect of soil density. This paper aims to present a numerical method to analyse the collapse of granular column based on the critical-state soil mechanics. Design/methodology/approach In the proposed method, a simple critical-state based constitutive model is first adopted and implemented into a finite element code using the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian technique for large deformation analysis. Simulations of column collapse with various aspect ratios are then conducted for a given initial soil density. The effect of aspect ratio on the final size of deposit morphology, dynamical collapse profiles and the stable region is discussed comparing to experimental results. Moreover, complementary simulations with various initial soil densities on each aspect ratio are conducted. Findings Simulations show that a lower value of initial density leads to a lower final deposit height and a longer run-out distance. The simulated evolutions of kinetic energy and collapsing profile with time by the proposed numerical approach also show clearly a soil density-dependent collapse process. Practical implications To the end, this study can improve the understanding of column collapse in different aspect ratios and soil densities, and provide a computational tool for the analysis of real scale granular flow. Originality/value The originality of this paper is proposed in a numerical approach to model granular column collapse considering the influences of aspect ratio and initial void ratio. The proposed approach is based on the finite element platform with coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian technique for large deformation analysis and implementing the critical-state based model accounting for the effect of soil density.

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Ormando, V. M., R. Maselli, A. Cappello, L. Maroni, R. Palma, G. Pellegatta, A. Fugazza et al. « P.05.47 ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION OF ILEO-CECAL VALVE GRANULAR MIXED LST WITH THE USE OF THE ENDOSCOPIC PLATFORM : DILUMENTM ENDOLUMENAL INTERVENTIONAL PLATFORM (EIP) ». Digestive and Liver Disease 51 (mars 2019) : e203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1590-8658(19)30408-6.

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Hu, Xiuquan, Hong Liu, Xiucheng Tan, Chenjing Xiao, Qian Tan, Jianghan Li et Chi Yi. « Shoal-to-Strata Ratio Technique and Its Use in Describing Carbonate Rock Sedimentary Facies in the Eastern Sichuan Basin ». Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, n^o 6 (16 juin 2022) : 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10060825.

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The requirements for the accurate characterization of shoal sediments have increased in view of the fact that strata are eroded due to uplift and it is difficult to calculate the real thickness of granular shoal. To solve this problem, with the shoal-to-strata ratio, the type and distribution range of carbonate rock shoal facies are described, and the characterization of sedimentary facies is subsequently presented. Taking the P2m2a in Eastern Sichuan as an example, the following conclusions were obtained. (1) The primary rock types of the shoal facies of the P2m2a are bioclastic limestone and micrite limestone. The logging facies of platform margin shoals, intra-platform high-energy shoals, intra-platform low-energy shoals, and sloping low-energy shoals are large funnel-type, small funnel-type, box-type, and finger-like, respectively. The platform margin shoals and intra-platform high-energy shoals are imbricate seismic facies, and the intra-platform low-energy shoals and sloping low-energy shoals are S-type progradation seismic facies and oblique progradation. (2) The shoal-to-strata ratio of platform margin shoals is the highest, followed by intra-platform high-energy shoals, intra-platform low-energy shoals, and sloping low-energy shoals. (3) Shoal facies deposits have a certain controlling effect on gas production, and platform margin shoals have greater exploration potential. (4) This example shows that in the areas where carbonate rock strata are eroded, compared with the method of characterizing the sedimentary facies of carbonate rock using the shoal thickness, the shoal-to-strata ratios are more accurate. (5) The planar distribution diagram of the shoal-to-strata ratio can be used as a supporting map for compiling sedimentary facies maps. This method is worth applying in related research fields.

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Liu, Shuaishuai, Xinyu Ma, Yuanfei Jia et Yue Liu. « An Energy-Saving Task Scheduling Model via Greedy Strategy under Cloud Environment ». Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (15 avril 2022) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8769674.

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Cloud computing, an emerging computing paradigm, has been widely concerned due to its high scalability and availability. An essential stage of cloud computing is cloud resource management. Currently, the existing research about cloud computing technology has two prevalent disadvantages: high energy consumption and low resource utilization. Considering greedy scheduling is an effective strategy for cloud resource management technology in cloud computing, particularly in improving resource utilization and reducing energy consumption, we consider the heterogeneous characteristics of resources to save energy consumption of datacenter when tasks are the fundamental element of cloud datacenter. Meanwhile, granular computing is a complex problem-solving strategy through a granulation method. Thus, we introduce granular computing theory into cloud task scheduling and propose a greedy scheduling strategy based on different information granules, dividing the tasks into three types (i.e., CPU, memory, and hybrid type). Finally, we assign various scheduling strategies for cloud tasks with different characteristics. All the numerical experiments on the CloudSim platform show that our method has significant effects on energy consumption optimization and is a practical task scheduling algorithm.

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West, Emily. « Amazon : Surveillance as a Service ». Surveillance & ; Society 17, n^o 1/2 (31 mars 2019) : 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i1/2.13008.

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This essay argues that Amazon, the leading e-commerce platform in many parts of the world, uses surveillance not just as a key tool in the platform logic of its growing constellation of businesses but also increasingly as a service to its consumers. In contrast to prevailing assumptions that platforms will obscure the surveillant aspects of their businesses and that users will resist the intrusive nature of corporate surveillance, Amazon’s business practices point to the rapid normalization, and even embrace, of surveillant logics by consumers. Given the importance of consumer data to its operations, Amazon increasingly designs services whose purpose is, at least in part, to collect more data about consumers. The zenith of Amazon’s surveillance capabilities of its customers is no doubt its family of Echo devices enabled by the artificial intelligence interactive-voice service Alexa, which connects to the cloud run by Amazon, itself, through Amazon Web Services. Alexa is similar to competing digital voice assistants like Apple’s Siri and Google’s Assistant, but with more cultural visibility, worldwide market penetration, and greater integration with a host of Internet-of-Things devices produced by a variety of manufacturers. Amazon seeks to make Alexa an indispensable service to consumers, one that sweetens the granular forms of surveillance in more private spaces and situations that it now has the capability to gather, relative to the company’s more established forms of surveillance. While a typical association with surveillance might be the alienation and disempowerment of social control, I suggest that Amazon’s practices of consumer surveillance cultivate a sense of intimacy, borne of being seen between consumer and brand. In other words, I advocate for recognizing the subjectification of contemporary practices of platform surveillance, in addition to its structural elements.

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Tarr, Alexander, et Luis F. Alvarez León. « Will Review for Points : The Unpaid Affective Labour of Placemaking for Google’s ‘Local Guides’ ». Feminist Review 123, n^o 1 (novembre 2019) : 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0141778919879763.

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A growing number of people are relying on technologies like Google Maps not only to navigate and locate themselves in cartographic space but also to search, discover and evaluate urban places. While the spatial data that underlies such technology frequently appears as a combination of Google-created maps and locational information passively collected from mobile (GPS-enabled) devices, in this article we argue that for such systems to function as both useful tools for exploration for users and sources of revenue, users must actively produce massive quantities of granular spatial data that would otherwise be significantly more difficult and expensive to collect. The production of this qualitative information about places constitutes significant unremunerated affective labour. In this article, we build on the tradition of feminist geographies, especially feminist and critical Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to examine how the labour done by gendered, raced and often classed members of a local community is alienated by Google (i.e. Alphabet, Inc.) to produce commodified spatial data/media in the Local Guides platform. We analyse how Google’s presentation of the platform hails women as care labourers—sharing their thoughts, feelings and knowledge of place for free in the name of supporting and caring for a community, however vaguely it may be constituted. At the same time, we argue that digital labour that produces the Local Guides platform draws from and reproduces specific gendering of spaces. We draw on a case study of a commercial corridor in the US city of Worcester, Massachusetts to show how the dialectic between affective digital labour and urban space has material effects on the production of raced, classed and gendered spaces and places. The article concludes with a call to maintain critical, feminist engagements with these types of platforms in order to further develop forms of digital praxis towards more just cities.

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Al Nahyan, Moza Tahnoon, Yaser E. Hawas, Mohsin Raza, Hamad Aljassmi, Munjed A. Maraqa, Basil Basheerudeen et Mohammad Sherif Mohammad. « A fuzzy-based decision support system for ranking the delivery methods of mega projects ». International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, n^o 1 (5 mars 2018) : 122–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-06-2017-0055.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a framework to devise a system for ranking of traditional project delivery methods, regarding their suitability, against the varying levels of mega project attributes. Design/methodology/approach The proposed system employs input and output interfaces and a granular (fuzzy rule base) component for estimating the subjective levels of risks, opportunities, and constraints and then mapping them to a decision matrix. A questionnaire has been designed (using the SurveyGizmo® platform) to collect the perceptions of the various project stakeholders and use them. A total of 127 stakeholders completed the survey form in full. Findings The survey data were used to calibrate the fuzzy logic model of the granular component. The envisioned system computes, for each possible delivery method, an index that reflects the suitability (of the corresponding delivery method) on an ordinal scale. Originality/value The devised decision support system is likely to lessen the dependency of “accurate decision” on “the experience of the decision-makers.” It will also enable ranking the various project delivery methods based on the various project and stakeholder attributes that are likely to affect the project risks, opportunities and constraints.

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Kordon, Florian, Andreas Maier, Benedict Swartman, Maxim Privalov, Jan Siad El Barbari et Holger Kunze. « Multi-Stage Platform for (Semi-)Automatic Planning in Reconstructive Orthopedic Surgery ». Journal of Imaging 8, n^o 4 (12 avril 2022) : 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8040108.

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Intricate lesions of the musculoskeletal system require reconstructive orthopedic surgery to restore the correct biomechanics. Careful pre-operative planning of the surgical steps on 2D image data is an essential tool to increase the precision and safety of these operations. However, the plan’s effectiveness in the intra-operative workflow is challenged by unpredictable patient and device positioning and complex registration protocols. Here, we develop and analyze a multi-stage algorithm that combines deep learning-based anatomical feature detection and geometric post-processing to enable accurate pre- and intra-operative surgery planning on 2D X-ray images. The algorithm allows granular control over each element of the planning geometry, enabling real-time adjustments directly in the operating room (OR). In the method evaluation of three ligament reconstruction tasks effect on the knee joint, we found high spatial precision in drilling point localization (ε<2.9mm) and low angulation errors for k-wire instrumentation (ε<0.75∘) on 38 diagnostic radiographs. Comparable precision was demonstrated in 15 complex intra-operative trauma cases suffering from strong implant overlap and multi-anatomy exposure. Furthermore, we found that the diverse feature detection tasks can be efficiently solved with a multi-task network topology, improving precision over the single-task case. Our platform will help overcome the limitations of current clinical practice and foster surgical plan generation and adjustment directly in the OR, ultimately motivating the development of novel 2D planning guidelines.

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Kapranova, A. B., D. V. Stenko, D. D. Bakhaeva, A. A. Vatagin et A. E. Lebedev. « ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MIXING OF GRANULAR RAW MATERIALS IN THE PREPARATION OF A CYBER-PHYSICAL PLATFORM ». Mathematical Methods in Technologies and Technics, n^o 1 (2021) : 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52348/2712-8873_mmtt_2021_1_111.

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Blanc, Matthieu, Luc Thorel, Romain Girout et Márcio Almeida. « Geosynthetic reinforcement of a granular load transfer platform above rigid inclusions : comparison between centrifuge testing and analytical modelling ». Geosynthetics International 21, n^o 1 (février 2014) : 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.13.00033.

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Storti, F., et F. Balsamo. « Particle size distributions by laser diffraction : sensitivity of granular matter strength to analytical operating procedures ». Solid Earth 1, n^o 1 (19 avril 2010) : 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-1-25-2010.

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Abstract. We tested laser diffraction particle size analysis in poorly coherent carbonate platform cataclastic breccias and unfaulted quartz-rich eolian sands, representing low- and high-strength granular materials, respectively. We used two different instruments with different sample dispersion and pumping systems and several wet analytical procedures that included different pump speeds, measurement precision tests with and without sample ultrasonication, and different dispersant liquids. Results of our work indicate that high strength material is not strongly affected by analytical operating procedures, whereas low strength materials are very sensitive to the pump speed, ultrasonication intensity, and measurement run time. To reduce such a data variability, we propose a workflow of analytical tests preliminary to the set up of the most appropriate SOP.

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Bucher, Eliane, Christian Fieseler et Christoph Lutz. « Mattering in digital labor ». Journal of Managerial Psychology 34, n^o 4 (13 mai 2019) : 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-06-2018-0265.

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Purpose Online gig labor platforms bring together a global and fast-growing workforce to complete highly granular, remote and decontextualized tasks. While these environments might be empowering to some workers, many others feel disenfranchised and removed from the final product of their labor. To better understand the antecedents of continued participation in forms of crowdsourced digital labor, the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between worker’s ability to create a narrative of their work mattering regardless, and their continued work engagement (WE) in these work setups. Design/methodology/approach The authors approach the relationship between individual mattering and digital WE through a longitudinal study among workers on the crowdworking platform Amazon Mechanical Turk. The authors further provide qualitative insight into individual perceptions of mattering based on essay data. Findings The authors develop a measure of mattering in crowdworking with four dimensions: reliance, social recognition, importance and interaction. Reliance is the most pronounced dimension, followed by interaction, importance and social recognition. In the final longitudinal model, only importance affects WE positively, while the other three mattering dimensions do not have a significant effect. Originality/value The findings indicate that individuals who feel that they themselves and their work “count” and “make a difference” will be more engaged in their digital labor. By clarifying the dimensionality of mattering in crowdwork and studying its differentiated effect on WE, the paper makes a contribution to research on crowdwork and the future of work. Beyond the theoretical contributions, the finding that perceived importance fosters WE has important implications for task and platform design.

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Liu, Bao Jian, Shi Wang Liu, Tie Bing Liu et Jian Wei Mao. « A Novel Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption Method for Separation of Levulinic Acid from Formic Acid ». Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (juillet 2012) : 1691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1691.

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Levulinic acid (LA) is a new versatile platform chemical derived from renewable non-food biomass. A major challenge in the purification of LA from biomass hydrolysate is the separation of LA and formic acid. A novel granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and separation of LA and formic acid were investigated in this work. Adsorption equilibria elucidated that LA preferentially adsorbed onto GAC than formic acid. Mixed solution of LA and formic acid was fed into the GAC packed-bed at 30°C, then formic acid was washed out from the column in a pure form with 60°C water and finally LA was effectively eluted with 95% (v/v) ethanol at 60°C. LA can be completely separated from formic acid by this simple GAC adsorption process with good yield and high purity.

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Kaldeli, Eirini, Orfeas Menis-Mastromichalakis, Spyros Bekiaris, Maria Ralli, Vassilis Tzouvaras et Giorgos Stamou. « CrowdHeritage : Crowdsourcing for Improving the Quality of Cultural Heritage Metadata ». Information 12, n^o 2 (4 février 2021) : 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12020064.

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The lack of granular and rich descriptive metadata highly affects the discoverability and usability of cultural heritage collections aggregated and served through digital platforms, such as Europeana, thus compromising the user experience. In this context, metadata enrichment services through automated analysis and feature extraction along with crowdsourcing annotation services can offer a great opportunity for improving the metadata quality of digital cultural content in a scalable way, while at the same time engaging different user communities and raising awareness about cultural heritage assets. To address this need, we propose the CrowdHeritage open end-to-end enrichment and crowdsourcing ecosystem, which supports an end-to-end workflow for the improvement of cultural heritage metadata by employing crowdsourcing and by combining machine and human intelligence to serve the particular requirements of the cultural heritage domain. The proposed solution repurposes, extends, and combines in an innovative way general-purpose state-of-the-art AI tools, semantic technologies, and aggregation mechanisms with a novel crowdsourcing platform, so as to support seamless enrichment workflows for improving the quality of CH metadata in a scalable, cost-effective, and amusing way.

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Storti, F., et F. Balsamo. « Particle size distributions by laser diffraction – Part 1 : Sensitivity of granular matter strength to analytical operating procedures ». Solid Earth Discussions 1, n^o 1 (21 décembre 2009) : 93–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-1-93-2009.

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Abstract. We tested laser diffraction particle size analysis in poorly coherent carbonate platform cataclastic breccias and unfaulted quartz-rich eolian sands, representing low- and high-strength granular materials, respectively. We used two different instruments with different sample dispersion and pumping systems and several wet and dry analytical procedures that included different pump speeds, measure precision tests with and without sample ultrasonication, and different dispersant liquids. Results of our work indicate that high strength material is not strongly affected by analytical operating procedures, whereas low strength material is very sensitive to the pump speed, ultrasonication intensity, and measurement run time. To reduce such a data variability, we propose a workflow for analytical tests preliminary to the set up of the most appropriate SOP.

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Dobler, Gregory, Federica B. Bianco, Mohit S. Sharma, Andreas Karpf, Julien Baur, Masoud Ghandehari, Jonathan Wurtele et Steven E. Koonin. « The Urban Observatory : A Multi-Modal Imaging Platform for the Study of Dynamics in Complex Urban Systems ». Remote Sensing 13, n^o 8 (7 avril 2021) : 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13081426.

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We describe an “Urban Observatory” facility designed for the study of complex urban systems via persistent, synoptic, and granular imaging of dynamical processes in cities. An initial deployment of the facility has been demonstrated in New York City and consists of a suite of imaging systems—both broadband and hyperspectral—sensitive to wavelengths from the visible (∼400 nm) to the infrared (∼13 micron) operating at cadences of ∼0.01–30 Hz (characteristically ∼0.1 Hz). Much like an astronomical survey, the facility generates a large imaging catalog from which we have extracted observables (e.g., time-dependent brightnesses, spectra, temperatures, chemical species, etc.), collecting them in a parallel source catalog. We have demonstrated that, in addition to the urban science of cities as systems, these data are applicable to a myriad of domain-specific scientific inquiries related to urban functioning including energy consumption and end use, environmental impacts of cities, and patterns of life and public health. We show that an Urban Observatory facility of this type has the potential to improve both a city’s operations and the quality of life of its inhabitants.

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Turkel, Simon, Joshua Swann, Ziyan Zhu, Maine Christos, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, Subir Sachdev et al. « Orderly disorder in magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene ». Science 376, n^o 6589 (8 avril 2022) : 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abk1895.

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Magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene (TTG) has recently emerged as a platform to engineer strongly correlated flat bands. We reveal the normal-state structural and electronic properties of TTG using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy at twist angles for which superconductivity has been observed. Real trilayer samples undergo a strong reconstruction of the moiré lattice, which locks layers into near–magic-angle, mirror symmetric domains comparable in size with the superconducting coherence length. This relaxation introduces an array of localized twist-angle faults, termed twistons and moiré solitons, whose electronic structure deviates strongly from the background regions, leading to a doping-dependent, spatially granular electronic landscape. The Fermi-level density of states is maximally uniform at dopings for which superconductivity has been observed in transport measurements.

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