Bibliographies thématiques / Global data association

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Global data association »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Global data association"

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Neu, Scott C., Karen L. Crawford et Arthur W. Toga. « Sharing data in the global alzheimer's association interactive network ». NeuroImage 124 (janvier 2016) : 1168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.082.

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Skår, Olav, Mariana Carvalho, Wendy Poore et Kirsty Walker. « From global upstream safety data to action ». APPEA Journal 60, no 2 (2020) : 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19074.

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The International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) is a global forum in which member companies identify and share best practices to achieve improvements in many areas, including upstream process safety. IOGP members encompass oil and gas companies, industry associations as well as major upstream service companies; collectively, members produce 40% of the world’s oil and gas. These member companies voluntarily report their annual safety data, which are used to compile an annual report on safety performance indicators. IOGP work groups use these data to identify industry-wide learning to enable an industry vision of no fatalities. This paper describes the trends and lessons learned from the most recent data received. The IOGP safety performance indicator dataset is the largest database of its kind in the upstream oil and gas industry, allowing the ability to analyse trends and learning from fatal incidents on an industry-wide basis. Having this large database of information and standardised reporting of fatality data by activity, category, Life-Saving Rule and causal factors allows trending and analysis on a scale that is not possible for any individual member company. The present paper provides an update on the upstream industry safety performance from the past 5 years of data collected, and discusses how this has led to Project Safira: eliminating fatalities in the upstream industry.
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Tian, Yi, Li Ma, Xiaohong Cai et Jiayan Zhu. « Statistical Method Based on Bayes-Type Empirical Score Test for Assessing Genetic Association with Multilocus Genotype Data ». International Journal of Genomics 2020 (7 mai 2020) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4708152.

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Simultaneous testing of multiple genetic variants for association is widely recognized as a valuable complementary approach to single-marker tests. As such, principal component regression (PCR) has been found to have competitive power. We focus on exploring a robust test for an unknown genetic mode of all SNPs, an unknown Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in a population, and a large number of all SNPs. First, we propose a new global test by means of the use of codominant codes for all markers and PCR. The new global test is built on an empirical Bayes-type score statistic for testing marginal associations with each single marker. The new global test gains power by robustly exploiting the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the control population and effectively using linkage disequilibrium among test markers. The new global test reduces to PCR when the genotype for each marker is coded as the number of minor alleles. This connection lends insight into the power of the new global test relative to PCR and some other popular multimarker test methods. Second, we propose a robust test method based on the new global test and the ordinary PCR test built on a prospective score statistic for testing marginal associations with each single marker when the genotype for each marker is coded as the number of minor alleles by taking the minimum p value of these two tests. Finally, through extensive simulation studies and analysis of the association between pancreatic cancer and some genes of interest, we show that the proposed robust test method has desirable power and can often identify association signals that may be missed by existing methods.
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Ramkumar, Thirunavukarasu, Rengaramanujam Srinivasan et Shanmugasundaram Hariharan. « Synthesizing Global Association Rules from Different Data Sources Based on Desired Interestingness Metrics ». International Journal of Information Technology & ; Decision Making 13, no 03 (mai 2014) : 473–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622014500138.

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Since business houses are generally global, the required data for their corporate decisions are spread over multiple branches at different regions. In such circumstances, local pattern analysis-based global pattern discovery has become an efficient strategy for mining their multiple data sources. The traditional support-confidence framework alone is not enough for assessing the interestingness of synthesized global association rules. In this context, numerous interestingness measures have been developed in the past to meet various situations. Depending on the requirement, local branches and the central head may choose desired interestingness metric for evaluating local frequent-itemsets and global association rules, respectively. In this paper, we present a generalized synthesis procedure for synthesizing global association rules, based on any interestingness metric, from the mined local patterns forwarded by multiple data sources. We have also shown that the synthesized metric values are quite close to the targeted mono-mining results. Examples and experimental studies establish the validity of our proposal.
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Wu, Zheng, et Margrit Betke. « Global optimization for coupled detection and data association in multiple object tracking ». Computer Vision and Image Understanding 143 (février 2016) : 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2015.10.006.

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Sun, Jinping, Qing Li, Xuwang Zhang et Wei Sun. « An Efficient Implementation of Track-Oriented Multiple Hypothesis Tracker Using Graphical Model Approaches ». Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8061561.

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The multiple hypothesis tracker (MHT) is currently the preferred method for addressing data association problem in multitarget tracking (MTT) application. MHT seeks the most likely global hypothesis by enumerating all possible associations over time, which is equal to calculating maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate over the report data. Despite being a well-studied method, MHT remains challenging mostly because of the computational complexity of data association. In this paper, we describe an efficient method for solving the data association problem using graphical model approaches. The proposed method uses the graph representation to model the global hypothesis formation and subsequently applies an efficient message passing algorithm to obtain the MAP solution. Specifically, the graph representation of data association problem is formulated as a maximum weight independent set problem (MWISP), which translates the best global hypothesis formation into finding the maximum weight independent set on the graph. Then, a max-product belief propagation (MPBP) inference algorithm is applied to seek the most likely global hypotheses with the purpose of avoiding a brute force hypothesis enumeration procedure. The simulation results show that the proposed MPBP-MHT method can achieve better tracking performance than other algorithms in challenging tracking situations.
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Islam, Md Aminul, Sarawut Sangkham, Ananda Tiwari, Meysam Vadiati, Mohammad Nayeem Hasan, Syed Toukir Ahmed Noor, Jubayer Mumin, Prosun Bhattacharya et Samendra P. Sherchan. « Association between Global Monkeypox Cases and Meteorological Factors ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no 23 (24 novembre 2022) : 15638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315638.

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The emergence of an outbreak of Monkeypox disease (MPXD) is caused by a contagious zoonotic Monkeypox virus (MPXV) that has spread globally. Yet, there is no study investigating the effect of climatic changes on MPXV transmission. Thus, studies on the changing epidemiology, evolving nature of the virus, and ecological niche are highly paramount. Determination of the role of potential meteorological drivers including temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, dew point, wind speed, and surface pressure is beneficial to understand the MPXD outbreak. This study examines the changes in MPXV cases over time while assessing the meteorological characteristics that could impact these disparities from the onset of the global outbreak. To conduct this data-based research, several well-accepted statistical techniques including Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES), Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Automatic forecasting time-series model (Prophet), and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Explanatory Variables (ARIMAX) were applied to delineate the correlation of the meteorological factors on global daily Monkeypox cases. Data on MPXV cases including affected countries spanning from May 6, 2022, to November 9, 2022, from global databases and meteorological data were used to evaluate the developed models. According to the ARIMAX model, the results showed that temperature, relative humidity, and surface pressure have a positive impact [(51.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): −274.55 to 377.68), (17.32, 95% CI: −83.71 to 118.35) and (23.42, 95% CI: −9.90 to 56.75), respectively] on MPXV cases. In addition, dew/frost point, precipitation, and wind speed show a significant negative impact on MPXD cases. The Prophet model showed a significant correlation with rising MPXD cases, although the trend predicts peak values while the overall trend increases. This underscores the importance of immediate and appropriate preventive measures (timely preparedness and proactive control strategies) with utmost priority against MPXD including awareness-raising programs, the discovery, and formulation of effective vaccine candidate(s), prophylaxis and therapeutic regimes, and management strategies.
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Filimonov, A. G., A. A. Filimonova, N. D. Chichirova et A. A. Chichirov. « Global energy association : new opportunities of hydrogen technologies ». Power engineering : research, equipment, technology 23, no 2 (21 mai 2021) : 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-2-3-13.

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PURPOSE. To analyze the prospects of integrating hydrogen technologies into the traditional directions of development of the electric power industry in the world and Russia. To highlight the competitive advantages of Russia in the changing structure of the industry with the transition to" green " hydrogen. METHODS. The analysis of the literature data and the data of the international information exchange is carried out. RESULTS. The most urgent scientific and technical problem of the economy, affecting any practical aspect of human economic activity, is the issue of the availability of energy resources and the impact on the environment. It is now, in the context of the restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, that the trends of globalization are particularly acute, and the degree of cross-border information communication using digital capabilities has increased many times. CONCLUSION. The transition to a new technological stage of energy supply for our society is more urgent than ever, based on innovative approaches to the creation of intelligently managed global energy systems with their consolidation and, at the same time, decentralization and distribution to local levels of centers, production, consumption and management, increasing the share of small RES, the introduction of new digital solutions, the use of hydrogen technology chains and hybrid systems based on them and other promising energy technologies on an industrial scale.
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Wu, TianShu, GuoJie Song, XiuJun Ma, KunQing Xie, XiaoPing Gao et XingXing Jin. « Mining geographic episode association patterns of abnormal events in global earth science data ». Science in China Series E : Technological Sciences 51, S1 (avril 2008) : 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-008-5008-3.

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Ai, Ya Qin, Xi Tian, Hong Shan Nie et Yu Jun Liu. « A Multi-Sensor Data Association Algorithm Based on Time Constraint ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (mai 2014) : 3579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3579.

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For the high real-time demands of multi-sensor target tracking system, a global optimum data association algorithm based on time constraint is presented. Firstly, the statistical distance between measurement and prediction center of the track is calculated. An optimal association model among all measurements and all tracks is founded. Then, an improved auction algorithm is proposed to solve the association model. Multi-time auction is conducted in the constrained time, and the optimal solution is obtained by comparing the value of objective function. Simulation shows that the proposed method has a perfect association performance in the constrained time.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Global data association"

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Jelizarow, Monika. « Global tests of association for multivariate ordinal data ». Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-182787.

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Global tests are in demand whenever it is of interest to draw inferential conclusions about sets of variables as a whole. The present thesis attempts to develop such tests for the case of multivariate ordinal data in possibly high-dimensional set-ups, and has primarily been motivated by research questions that arise from data collected by means of the 'International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health'. The thesis essentially comprises two parts. In the first part two tests are discussed, each of which addresses one specific problem in the classical two-group scenario. Since both are permutation tests, their validity relies on the condition that, under the null hypothesis, the joint distribution of the variables in the set to be tested is the same in both groups. Extensive simulation studies on the basis of the tests proposed suggest, however, that violations of this condition, from the purely practical viewpoint, do not automatically lead to invalid tests. Rather, two-sample permutation tests' failure appears to depend on numerous parameters, such as the proportion between group sizes, the number of variables in the set of interest and, importantly, the test statistic used. In the second part two further tests are developed which both can be used to test for association, if desired after adjustment for certain covariates, between a set of ordinally scaled covariates and an outcome variable within the range of generalized linear models. The first test rests upon explicit assumptions on the distances between the covariates' categories, and is shown to be a proper generalization of the traditional Cochran-Armitage test to higher dimensions, covariate-adjusted scenarios and generalized linear model-specific outcomes. The second test in turn parametrizes these distances and thus keeps them flexible. Based on the tests' power properties, practical recommendations are provided on when to favour one or the other, and connections with the permutation tests from the first part of the thesis are pointed out. For illustration of the methods developed, data from two studies based on the 'International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health' are analyzed. The results promise vast potential of the proposed tests in this data context and beyond.
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Elfadl, Wiam. « THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WELL-BEING AND INTEGRATION AMONG MIGRANT WOMEN IN FINLAND : A cross-sectional study using Migrant Health and Well-being Study data 2010-2012 ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-365819.

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Background Well-being is one of the pillars of human rights that represent a bio psychological construct including physical, mental and social health. Despite of the significant advances in the thinking of the concept of well-being, there remains a gap between the positive intentions to support migrants to integrate and the concrete actions of practitioners. There fore, it is important to investigate the association between well being factors and integration outcomes in the new hosting society. Aim This study aimed to analyse the association between well-being factors (traumatic experiences, quality of life, loneliness and educational level) and integration outcomes among Russian, Somali and Kurdish migrant women in Finland. Methods The analysed data was used from the Finnish Migrant and Well-being Study (Maamu). The study included 998 women with Russian, Somali and Kurdish background, aged between 18 to 64 years with at least one-year residence in Finland. Logistic regression analysis was applied to study the association for each well being factors with outcome variables, separately for the three research groups. Results Pre-migration traumatic events did not show significant association with integration outcomes. Factors affecting social integration such as good quality of life and education were shown to affect the integration outcomes. Conclusion Social integration and multicultural society are extremely important factors affecting the successful integration of migrant women. Social support decreases the acculturation stress which is strongly related to individual well being. Post-migration well-being factors showed stronger association with integration.
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Agumeneitwe, Herbert. « A cross-sectional study examining the association between maternal education and childhood (12-23 months) immunization in Uganda ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412938.

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Introduction: Complete childhood Immunization remains the most effective way for prevention of Vaccine Preventable Diseases. The 2016 Uganda Demography Health Survey (UDHS) reported that only 55% of children aged 12-23 months had been fully vaccinated. The relationship between maternal education and childhood immunization among Ugandan children remains unclear with most of the studies done being limited in scope. Objective: To investigate the association between maternal education and childhood immunization in Uganda. Methods: This study was based on analysis of data from the UDHS. The study included 2815 children aged 12 – 23 months. Permission and data to conduct the analyses was sought from the DHS Program website. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess association between the maternal education and full immunization. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Association between maternal education and childhood immunization was statistically significant (Primary Education - OR = 0.50 95%CI: 0.32 - 0.77, P value = 0.002 and Secondary Education – OR = 0.62 95%CI: 0.39 – 0.97, P value = 0.038). ANC visits, possession of a Child Health Card also had a strong effect on Childhood Immunization. Conclusion: Lower maternal education is associated with reduced completion of childhood immunization. To promote childhood immunization Parents with education lower than Secondary School should be targeted and the usefulness of ANC visits should be emphasized.
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Papaioannou, Antigoni. « A cross-sectional study examining the association between litaracy and unmet need for contraception among women in Rwanda ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388383.

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Introduction:Rwanda is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with the most remarkable health achievements. However, Rwanda is still one of the countries with a high unmet need (34%) and high prevalence of unintended pregnancies. Objective: To examine the association between literacy and unmet need for contraception among women in reproductive age in Rwanda. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study based on secondary data, derived from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) program. The study population was women in reproductive age (15- 49 years old) who lived in Rwanda. It included 13217 females out of the 13497 after the exclusion of females who are not residents of Rwanda, who are blind or visually impaired and who are need language card. The methodology involved cross tabulations, bivariate and multivariate logistic analyses. Results: There was a significant bivariate association between literacy and unmet need for contraception (OR=1.28; 95% CI 1.17-1.40; p < .001), in which literate females where more likely to have an unmet need for contraception. There was no association between literacy and unmet need when controlling other factors. Others factors such as age, current marital status and province had a strong impact on the unmet need for contraception in the adjusted analysis. Conclusions: Literacy may be associated with the outcome, however, socio-economic factors have a stronger influence on the dependent variable. Regulations, policies and other features such as socio-cultural norms may differ from country to country, therefore it is important to consider the current situation of each country.
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Jelizarow, Monika [Verfasser], et Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Mansmann. « Global tests of association for multivariate ordinal data : Knowledge-based statistical analysis strategies for studies using the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) / Monika Jelizarow. Betreuer : Ulrich Mansmann ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075456495/34.

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Vestin, Albin, et Gustav Strandberg. « Evaluation of Target Tracking Using Multiple Sensors and Non-Causal Algorithms ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160020.

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Today, the main research field for the automotive industry is to find solutions for active safety. In order to perceive the surrounding environment, tracking nearby traffic objects plays an important role. Validation of the tracking performance is often done in staged traffic scenarios, where additional sensors, mounted on the vehicles, are used to obtain their true positions and velocities. The difficulty of evaluating the tracking performance complicates its development. An alternative approach studied in this thesis, is to record sequences and use non-causal algorithms, such as smoothing, instead of filtering to estimate the true target states. With this method, validation data for online, causal, target tracking algorithms can be obtained for all traffic scenarios without the need of extra sensors. We investigate how non-causal algorithms affects the target tracking performance using multiple sensors and dynamic models of different complexity. This is done to evaluate real-time methods against estimates obtained from non-causal filtering. Two different measurement units, a monocular camera and a LIDAR sensor, and two dynamic models are evaluated and compared using both causal and non-causal methods. The system is tested in two single object scenarios where ground truth is available and in three multi object scenarios without ground truth. Results from the two single object scenarios shows that tracking using only a monocular camera performs poorly since it is unable to measure the distance to objects. Here, a complementary LIDAR sensor improves the tracking performance significantly. The dynamic models are shown to have a small impact on the tracking performance, while the non-causal application gives a distinct improvement when tracking objects at large distances. Since the sequence can be reversed, the non-causal estimates are propagated from more certain states when the target is closer to the ego vehicle. For multiple object tracking, we find that correct associations between measurements and tracks are crucial for improving the tracking performance with non-causal algorithms.
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(6405944), Donglai Chen. « Statistical Learning of Proteomics Data and Global Testing for Data with Correlations ». Thesis, 2019.

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This dissertation consists of two parts. The first part is a collaborative project with Dr. Szymanski's group in Agronomy at Purdue, to predict protein complex assemblies and interactions. Proteins in the leaf cytosol of Arabidopsis were fractionated using Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) and mixed-bed Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEX).
Protein mass spectrometry data were obtained for the two platforms of separation and two replicates of each. We combine the four data sets and conduct a series of statistical learning, including 1) data filtering, 2) a two-round hierarchical clustering to integrate multiple data types, 3) validation of clustering based on known protein complexes,
4) mining dendrogram trees for prediction of protein complexes. Our method is developed for integrative analysis of different data types and it eliminates the difficulty of choosing an appropriate cluster number in clustering analysis. It provides a statistical learning tool to globally analyze the oligomerization state of a system of protein complexes.


The second part examines global hypothesis testing under sparse alternatives and arbitrarily strong dependence. Global tests are used to aggregate information and reduce the burden of multiple testing. A common situation in modern data analysis is that variables with nonzero effects are sparse. The minimum p-value and higher criticism tests are particularly effective and more powerful than the F test under sparse alternatives. This is the common setting in genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. However, arbitrarily strong dependence among variables poses a great challenge towards the p-value calculation of these optimal tests. We develop a latent variable adjusted method to correct minimum p-value test. After adjustment, test statistics become weakly dependent and the corresponding null distributions are valid. We show that if the latent variable is not related to the response variable, power can be improved. Simulation studies show that our method is more powerful than other methods in highly sparse signal and correlated marginal tests setting. We also show its application in a real dataset.
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DI, FINA DARIO. « Multi-Target Tracking and Facial Attribute Estimation in Smart Environments ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1029030.

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This dissertation presents a study on three different computer vision topics that have applications to smart environments. We first propose a solution to improve multi-target data association based on l1-regularized sparse basis expansions. The method aims to improve the data association process by addressing problems like occlusion and change of appearance. Experimental results show that, for the pure data association problem, our proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results on standard benchmark datasets. Next, we extend our new data association approach with a novel technique based on a weighted version of sparse reconstruction that enforces long-term consistency in multi-target tracking. We introduce a two-phase approach that first performs local data association, and then periodically uses accumulated usage statistics in order to merge tracklets and enforce long-term, global consistency in tracks. The result is a complete, end-to-end tracking system that is able to reduce tracklet fragmentation and ID switches, and to improve the overall quality of tracking. Finally, we propose a method to jointly estimate face characteristics such as Gender, Age, Ethnicity and head pose. We develop a random forest based method based around a new splitting criterion for multi-objective estimation. Our system achieves results comparable to the state-of-the-art, and has the additional advantage of simultaneously estimating multiple facial characteristics using a single pool of image features rather than characteristic-specific ones.
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Livres sur le sujet "Global data association"

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Information Resources Management Association. International Conference. Managing information technology in a global society : Proceedings of the 1991 Information Resources Management Association International Conference. Harrisburg, Pa : Idea Group Publishing, 1991.

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Information Resources Management Association. International Conference. Managing information and communications in a changing global environment : Proceedings of 1995 Information Resources Management Association International Conference, Atlanta, Georgia. Sous la direction de Khosrowpour Mehdi. Harrisburg, Pa : Idea Group, 1995.

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Canadian Association for Information Science. Conference. Information as a global commodity : Communication, processing and use : CAIS/ACSI'93, 21st annual conference, Canadian Association for Information Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada, 11-14 July 1993. [Toronto] : Canadian Association for Information Science, 1993.

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(Editor), F. A. Bisby, G. F. Russell (Editor) et R. J. Pankhurst (Editor), dir. Designs for a Global Plant Species Information System (Systematics Association Special Volume). Oxford University Press, USA, 1994.

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Kabay, Sarah. Access, Quality, and the Global Learning Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896865.001.0001.

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Around the world, 250 million children cannot read, write, or perform basic mathematics. They represent almost 40 percent of all primary school-aged children. This situation has come to be called the “Global Learning Crisis,” and it is one of the most critical challenges facing the world today. Work to address this situation depends on how it is understood. Typically, the Global Learning Crisis and efforts to improve primary education are defined in relation to two terms: access and quality. This book is focused on the connection between them. In a mixed-methods case study, this book provides detailed, contextualized analysis of Ugandan primary education. As one of the first countries in sub-Saharan Africa to enact dramatic and far-reaching primary education policy, Uganda serves as a compelling case study. With both quantitative and qualitative data from over 400 Ugandan schools and communities, the book analyzes grade repetition, private primary schools, and school fees, viewing each issue as an illustration of the connection between access to education and education quality. This analysis finds evidence of a positive association, challenging a key assumption that there is a trade-off or disconnect between efforts to improve access to education and efforts to improve education quality. The book concludes that embracing the complexity of education systems and focusing on dynamics where improvements in access and quality can be mutually reinforcing can be a new approach for improving basic education in contexts around the world.
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Sancak, Merve. Global Production, National Institutions, and Skill Formation. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860655.001.0001.

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This book examines the political economy of skill formation and discusses the implications of skill systems for the development of middle-income countries (MICs). While it has been argued that skills are critical for continuous and inclusive development of MICs, there has been no extensive research on the skill systems of MICs. The book addresses this gap. It studies how the national and global dynamics interact and influence skill systems in Mexico and Turkey, two key MICs. It examines how the governance structures in global auto parts-automotive chains (AACs) and national institutions in Mexico and Turkey affect the hiring, training, and employee-development practices of supplier firms from these countries (i.e. skilling strategies), and the outcomes of these practices for firms and workers. The book offers a multilevel analysis, which includes a study of macro-level national institutions, macro/meso-level AAC governance structures, and firm-level skilling practices. The research in the book relies on extensive primary data, which include face-to-face semistructured interviews with representatives of supplier firms from the two countries, and policymakers, experts, and representatives of labour unions and business associations. The book suggests that the state plays the main role in skill systems. Although global AACs put pressures on suppliers, these pressures are filtered by national institutions that are shaped by the state. The skill systems with higher state involvement are more accessible for workers and smaller firms. Therefore, the book argues that skill systems with higher state involvement are more likely to promote high-road development in MICs.
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Taking Stock After Two Years of Covid-19 : GSoD In Focus No. 13. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2022.19.

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When it became known in early 2020 that Covid-19 was becoming a global pandemic, it also became clear that governmental responses to the pandemic would have significant effects on democracy and human rights. With two years of data from International IDEA’s Global Monitor of Covid-19’s Impact on Democracy and Human Rights, we can take stock of what has happened and in which areas the events align with or differ from our expectations about how a pandemic might affect these vital areas of public life. This report examines the effects of the pandemic responses in six broad areas: (1) emergency legal responses and civil liberties, (2) freedom of movement, association, and assembly, (3) freedom of expression and media integrity, (4) privacy rights and contact tracing applications, (5) women’s rights and minority rights, and (6) vaccination and fundamental rights. In each of the sections, the report describes the global trends in each of these areas, highlights cases that illustrate both positive and negative examples, and considers what the upcoming challenges will be.
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Humphreys, John, et Sally Little, dir. Challenges in Estuarine and Coastal Science. Pelagic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53061/bdix4458.

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Estuarine and coastal waters are acknowledged centres for anthropogenic impacts. Superimposed on the complex natural interactions between land, rivers and sea are the myriad consequences of human activity – a spectrum ranging from locally polluting effluents to some of the severest consequences of global climate change. For practitioners, academics and students in the field of coastal science and policy, this book examines and exemplifies current and future challenges: from upper estuaries to open coasts and adjacent seas; from tropical to temperate latitudes; from Europe to Australia. This authoritative volume marks the 50th anniversary of the Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, and contains a prologue by founding member Professor Richard Barnes and a short history of the Association. Individual chapters then address coastal erosion and deposition; open shores to estuaries and deltas; marine plastics; coastal squeeze and habitat loss; tidal freshwaters – saline incursion and estuarine squeeze; restoration management using remote data collection; carbon storage; species distribution and non-natives; shorebirds; Modelling environmental change; physical processes such as sediments and modelling; sea level rise and estuarine tidal dynamics; estuaries as fish nurseries; policy versus reality in coastal conservation; developments in Estuarine, coastal and marine management.
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McBurney, John W. Pesticides and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190490911.003.0008.

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Neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by neuronal degeneration, include Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Their worldwide prevalence is increasing as the global population ages. The causes reflect interactions between genetics and environmental factors such as increasing urbanization, industrialization, and widespread use of chemicals, including insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. Epidemiologic data suggest that exposure to many of these pesticides increases the risk of neurodegeneration. The best-defined mechanism for this association is mitochondrial toxicity resulting in increased reactive oxygen species. In PD and AD, the associated accumulation of aggregates of insoluble, misfolded proteins results in the formation of Lewy bodies and neurofibrillary tangles, respectively. Pesticide exposures can be reduced by modifying food choices and applying integrated pest management in schools, businesses, and homes. Medical professionals can counsel patients about limiting exposure to pesticides and decreasing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Riches, Christopher, et Jan Palmowski. A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780191870903.001.0001.

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‘Concise, current information … highly recommended’ – Choice, the magazine of the American Library Association Over 2,800 entries The authoritative dictionary provides informative and analytical entries on the most important people, organizations, events, movements, and ideas that have shaped the world we live in. Covering the period from 1900 to the present day, this fully revised and updated new edition presents a global perspective on recent history, with a wide range of new entries from Tony Abbott, the European migration crisis, and ISIS to Narendra Modi, Hassan Rouhani, and UKIP. All existing entries have been brought up to date. Handy tables include lists of office-holders for countries and organizations and winners of the Nobel Peace Prize. This comprehensive reference resource will be invaluable to students of history, politics, and international relations as well as to journalists, policymakers, and general readers interested in the modern world.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Global data association"

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Uhlemann, Maik, Gerd Gendt, Markus Ramatschi et Zhiguo Deng. « GFZ Global Multi-GNSS Network and Data Processing Results ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 673–79. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_120.

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Anzenhofer, M., Th Gruber et M. Rentsch. « Global Sea Level Analysis Based on ERS-1 Altimeter Data ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 674–81. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03482-8_89.

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Tapley, Byron D., Hyung-Jin Rim, John C. Ries, Bob E. Schutz et C. K. Shum. « The Use of GPS Data for Global Gravity Field Determination ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 42–49. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61140-7_5.

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Weiping, Jiang, Li Jiancheng et Wang Zhengtao. « Determination of Global Mean Sea Surface Using Multi-satellite Altimetric Data ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 109–14. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18861-9_13.

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Ioane, Dumitru, et Ion Radu. « Global Geopotential Models and Gravity Data for the Territory of Romania ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 640–46. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79721-7_68.

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Vermeer, M. « Geoid Recovery at 0.5 Degree Resolution from Global Satellite Gradiometry Data Sets ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 18–29. New York, NY : Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3104-2_5.

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Disser, Karoline, et Michelle Luckas. « Existence of Global Solutions for 2D Fluid–Elastic Interaction with Small Data ». Dans Association for Women in Mathematics Series, 209–38. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04496-0_9.

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Petrovskaya, M. S. « Basic Relations for Evaluating the Global and Regional Quasigeoid Heights on the Base of Gravity Data and a Global Model of the Geopotential ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 539–49. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79721-7_57.

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Swift, Everett R. « GPS Orbit/Clock Estimation Based on Smoothed Pseudorange Data from a Ten-Station Global Network ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 151–60. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77726-4_14.

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Avsar, N. B., B. Erol et S. H. Kutoglu. « Evaluation of GOCE-Based Global Geopotential Models Versus EGM2008 and GPS/Levelling Data in Northwest of Turkey ». Dans International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 63–70. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_55.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Global data association"

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Bise, Ryoma, Zhaozheng Yin et Takeo Kanade. « Reliable cell tracking by global data association ». Dans 2011 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872571.

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Stubberud, Stephen C., et Kathleen A. Kramer. « Image-correlation data association with global uncertainty techniques ». Dans 2011 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzzy.2011.6007493.

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Chen, Lili, Wei Wang et Alois Knoll. « Global optimal data association for multiple people tracking ». Dans 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2013.6631250.

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Hofmann, M., M. Haag et G. Rigoll. « Unified hierarchical multi-object tracking using global data association ». Dans 2013 IEEE International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance (PETS 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pets.2013.6523791.

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Zhang, Yuejie, Kai Sun, Xueliang Gao, Wei Huang et Haijun Zhang. « Load Balancing and User Association Based on Historical Data ». Dans GLOBECOM 2021 - 2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom46510.2021.9685782.

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Wang, Z. Jane, Zhu Han et K. J. Ray Liu. « MIMO-OFDM channel estimation via probabilistic data association based TOAs ». Dans GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2003.1258314.

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Li Zhang, Yuan Li et Ramakant Nevatia. « Global data association for multi-object tracking using network flows ». Dans 2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2008.4587584.

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Lusk, Parker C., et Jonathan P. How. « Global Data Association for SLAM with 3D Grassmannian Manifold Objects ». Dans 2022 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros47612.2022.9981075.

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GU, Hong-Cheng, Yu-Ning DONG et Ting-Ting CAO. « Data Driven QoE-QoS Association Modeling of Conversational Video ». Dans 2019 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globalsip45357.2019.8969521.

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Wan, Jiuqing, et Liu Li. « Distributed optimization for global data association in non-overlapping camera networks ». Dans 2013 Seventh International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdsc.2013.6778229.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Global data association"

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Breiman, Adina, Jan Dvorak, Abraham Korol et Eduard Akhunov. Population Genomics and Association Mapping of Disease Resistance Genes in Israeli Populations of Wild Relatives of Wheat, Triticum dicoccoides and Aegilops speltoides. United States Department of Agriculture, décembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697121.bard.

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Wheat is the most widely grown crop on earth, together with rice it is second to maize in total global tonnage. One of the emerging threats to wheat is stripe (yellow) rust, especially in North Africa, West and Central Asia and North America. The most efficient way to control plant diseases is to introduce disease resistant genes. However, the pathogens can overcome rapidly the effectiveness of these genes when they are wildly used. Therefore, there is a constant need to find new resistance genes to replace the non-effective genes. The resistance gene pool in the cultivated wheat is depleted and there is a need to find new genes in the wild relative of wheat. Wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) the progenitor of the cultivated wheat can serve as valuable gene pool for breeding for disease resistance. Transferring of novel genes into elite cultivars is highly facilitated by the availability of information of their chromosomal location. Therefore, our goals in this study was to find stripe rust resistant and susceptible genotypes in Israeli T. dicoccoides population, genotype them using state of the art genotyping methods and to find association between genetic markers and stripe rust resistance. We have screened 129 accessions from our collection of wild emmer wheat for resistance to three isolates of stripe rust. About 30% of the accessions were resistant to one or more isolates, 50% susceptible, and the rest displayed intermediate response. The accessions were genotyped with Illumina'sInfinium assay which consists of 9K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. About 13% (1179) of the SNPs were polymorphic in the wild emmer population. Cluster analysis based on SNP diversity has shown that there are two main groups in the wild population. A big cluster probably belongs to the Horanum ssp. and a small cluster of the Judaicum ssp. In order to avoid population structure bias, the Judaicum spp. was removed from the association analysis. In the remaining group of genotypes, linkage disequilibrium (LD) measured along the chromosomes decayed rapidly within one centimorgan. This is the first time when such analysis is conducted on a genome wide level in wild emmer. Such a rapid decay in LD level, quite unexpected for a selfer, was not observed in cultivated wheat collection. It indicates that wild emmer populations are highly suitable for association studies yielding a better resolution than association studies in cultivated wheat or genetic mapping in bi-parental populations. Significant association was found between an SNP marker located in the distal region of chromosome arm 1BL and resistance to one of the isolates. This region is not known in the literature to bear a stripe rust resistance gene. Therefore, there may be a new stripe rust resistance gene in this locus. With the current fast increase of wheat genome sequence data, genome wide association analysis becomes a feasible task and efficient strategy for searching novel genes in wild emmer wheat. In this study, we have shown that the wild emmer gene pool is a valuable source for new stripe rust resistance genes that can protect the cultivated wheat.
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Adebayo, Oliver, Joanna Aldoori, William Allum, Noel Aruparayil, Abdul Badran, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Sanchita Bhatia et al. Future of Surgery : Technology Enhanced Surgical Training : Report of the FOS:TEST Commission. The Royal College of Surgeons of England, août 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022.

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Over the past 50 years the capability of technology to improve surgical care has been realised and while surgical trainees and trainers strive to deliver care and train; the technological ‘solutions’ market continues to expand. However, there remains no coordinated process to assess these technologies. The FOS:TEST Report aimed to (1) define the current, unmet needs in surgical training, (2) assess the current evidence-base of technologies that may be beneficial to training and map these onto both the patient and trainee pathway and (3) make recommendations on the development, assessment, and adoption of novel surgical technologies. The FOS:TEST Commission was formed by the Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) Robotics and Digital Surgery Group and representatives from all trainee specialty associations. Two national datasets provided by Health Education England were used to identify unmet surgical training needs through qualitative analysis against pre-defined coding frameworks. These unmet needs were prioritised at two virtual consensus hackathons and mapped to the patient and trainee pathway and the capabilities in practice (CiPs) framework. The commission received more than 120 evidence submissions from surgeons in training, consultant surgeons and training leaders. Following peer review, 32 were selected that covered a range of innovations. Contributors also highlighted several important key considerations, including the changing pedagogy of surgical training, the ethics and challenges of big data and machine learning, sustainability, and health economics. This summates to 7 Key Recommendations and 51 concluding statements. The FOS:TEST Commission was borne out of what is a pivotal point in the digital transformation of surgical training. Academic expertise and collaboration will be required to evaluate efficacy of any novel training solution. However, this must be coupled with pragmatic assessments of feasibility and cost to ensure that any intervention is scalable for national implementation. Currently, there is no replacement for hands-on operating. However, for future UK and ROI surgeons to stay relevant in a global market, our training methods must adapt. The Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training Report provides a blueprint for how this can be achieved.
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Corlin Christensen, Rasmus, Martin Hearson et Tovony Randriamanalina. At the Table, Off the Menu ? Assessing the Participation of Lower-Income Countries in Global Tax Negotiations. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), décembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.004.

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Since 2013, the formal structure of global corporate tax policymaking at the OECD has changed. Decisions are no longer made by 37 OECD members, but by 137 countries from all regions and levels of development through the ‘Inclusive Framework’ (IF). Official documentation emphasises that all countries participate on an ‘equal footing’, but some participants and observers have emphasised that developing countries in particular face practical obstacles that lead to unequal participation in practice. In this paper, we assess these claims, drawing primarily on 48 interviews with negotiators, policymakers and stakeholders involved in global tax discussions. We find that the explosion in formal membership has not in itself led to the step-change in developing country influence that the raw numbers imply. This is because of a combination of structural obstacles that are not unique to the IF, and some challenging aspects of the OECD’s way of working. Yet, lower-income countries have made some modest achievements to date, and there are signs of incremental progress towards a more effective presence. We develop a typology of mechanisms through which successes have been achieved: association with the efforts of more powerful states, anticipation of lower-income countries’ needs by the OECD secretariat and others, collaboration to form more powerful coalitions, and the emergence of expert negotiators with individual authority.
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Evans, Julie, Kendra Sikes et Jamie Ratchford. Vegetation classification at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mojave National Preserve, Castle Mountains National Monument, and Death Valley National Park : Final report (Revised with Cost Estimate). National Park Service, octobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279201.

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Vegetation inventory and mapping is a process to document the composition, distribution and abundance of vegetation types across the landscape. The National Park Service’s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program has determined vegetation inventory and mapping to be an important resource for parks; it is one of 12 baseline inventories of natural resources to be completed for all 270 national parks within the NPS I&M program. The Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring (MOJN I&M) began its process of vegetation inventory in 2009 for four park units as follows: Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE), Mojave National Preserve (MOJA), Castle Mountains National Monument (CAMO), and Death Valley National Park (DEVA). Mapping is a multi-step and multi-year process involving skills and interactions of several parties, including NPS, with a field ecology team, a classification team, and a mapping team. This process allows for compiling existing vegetation data, collecting new data to fill in gaps, and analyzing the data to develop a classification that then informs the mapping. The final products of this process include a vegetation classification, ecological descriptions and field keys of the vegetation types, and geospatial vegetation maps based on the classification. In this report, we present the narrative and results of the sampling and classification effort. In three other associated reports (Evens et al. 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) are the ecological descriptions and field keys. The resulting products of the vegetation mapping efforts are, or will be, presented in separate reports: mapping at LAKE was completed in 2016, mapping at MOJA and CAMO will be completed in 2020, and mapping at DEVA will occur in 2021. The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and NatureServe, the classification team, have completed the vegetation classification for these four park units, with field keys and descriptions of the vegetation types developed at the alliance level per the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). We have compiled approximately 9,000 existing and new vegetation data records into digital databases in Microsoft Access. The resulting classification and descriptions include approximately 105 alliances and landform types, and over 240 associations. CNPS also has assisted the mapping teams during map reconnaissance visits, follow-up on interpreting vegetation patterns, and general support for the geospatial vegetation maps being produced. A variety of alliances and associations occur in the four park units. Per park, the classification represents approximately 50 alliances at LAKE, 65 at MOJA and CAMO, and 85 at DEVA. Several riparian alliances or associations that are somewhat rare (ranked globally as G3) include shrublands of Pluchea sericea, meadow associations with Distichlis spicata and Juncus cooperi, and woodland associations of Salix laevigata and Prosopis pubescens along playas, streams, and springs. Other rare to somewhat rare types (G2 to G3) include shrubland stands with Eriogonum heermannii, Buddleja utahensis, Mortonia utahensis, and Salvia funerea on rocky calcareous slopes that occur sporadically in LAKE to MOJA and DEVA. Types that are globally rare (G1) include the associations of Swallenia alexandrae on sand dunes and Hecastocleis shockleyi on rocky calcareous slopes in DEVA. Two USNVC vegetation groups hold the highest number of alliances: 1) Warm Semi-Desert Shrub & Herb Dry Wash & Colluvial Slope Group (G541) has nine alliances, and 2) Mojave Mid-Elevation Mixed Desert Scrub Group (G296) has thirteen alliances. These two groups contribute significantly to the diversity of vegetation along alluvial washes and mid-elevation transition zones.
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Brosh, Arieh, Gordon Carstens, Kristen Johnson, Ariel Shabtay, Joshuah Miron, Yoav Aharoni, Luis Tedeschi et Ilan Halachmi. Enhancing Sustainability of Cattle Production Systems through Discovery of Biomarkers for Feed Efficiency. United States Department of Agriculture, juillet 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7592644.bard.

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Feed inputs represent the largest variable cost of producing meat and milk from ruminant animals. Thus, strategies that improve the efficiency of feed utilization are needed to improve the global competitiveness of Israeli and U.S. cattle industries, and mitigate their environmental impact through reductions in nutrient excretions and greenhouse gas emissions. Implementation of innovative technologies that will enhance genetic merit for feed efficiency is arguably one of the most cost-effective strategies to meet future demands for animal-protein foods in an environmentally sustainable manner. While considerable genetic variation in feed efficiency exist within cattle populations, the expense of measuring individual-animal feed intake has precluded implementation of selection programs that target this trait. Residual feed intake (RFI) is a trait that quantifies between-animal variation in feed intake beyond that expected to meet energy requirements for maintenance and production, with efficient animals being those that eat less than expected for a given size and level of production. There remains a critical need to understand the biological drivers for genetic variation in RFI to facilitate development of effective selection programs in the future. Therefore, the aim of this project was to determine the biological basis for phenotypic variation in RFI of growing and lactating cattle, and discover metabolic biomarkers of RFI for early and more cost-effective selection of cattle for feed efficiency. Objectives were to: (1) Characterize the phenotypic relationships between RFI and production traits (growth or lactation), (2) Quantify inter-animal variation in residual HP, (3) Determine if divergent RFIphenotypes differ in HP, residual HP, recovered energy and digestibility, and (4) Determine if divergent RFI phenotypes differ in physical activity, feeding behavior traits, serum hormones and metabolites and hepatic mitochondrial traits. The major research findings from this project to date include: In lactating dairy cattle, substantial phenotypic variation in RFI was demonstrated as cows classified as having low RMEI consumed 17% less MEI than high-RMEI cows despite having similar body size and lactation productivity. Further, between-animal variation in RMEI was found to moderately associated with differences in RHP demonstrating that maintenance energy requirements contribute to observed differences in RFI. Quantifying energetic efficiency of dairy cows using RHP revealed that substantial changes occur as week of lactation advances—thus it will be critical to measure RMEI at a standardized stage of lactation. Finally, to determine RMEI in lactating dairy cows, individual DMI and production data should be collected for a minimum of 6 wk. We demonstrated that a favorably association exists between RFI in growing heifers and efficiency of forage utilization in pregnant cows. Therefore, results indicate that female progeny from parents selected for low RFI during postweaning development will also be efficient as mature females, which has positive implications for both dairy and beef cattle industries. Results from the beef cattle studies further extend our knowledge regarding the biological drivers of phenotypic variation in RFI of growing animals, and demonstrate that significant differences in feeding behavioral patterns, digestibility and heart rate exist between animals with divergent RFI. Feeding behavior traits may be an effective biomarker trait for RFI in beef and dairy cattle. There are differences in mitochondrial acceptor control and respiratory control ratios between calves with divergent RFI suggesting that variation in mitochondrial metabolism may be visible at the genome level. Multiple genes associated with mitochondrial energy processes are altered by RFI phenotype and some of these genes are associated with mitochondrial energy expenditure and major cellular pathways involved in regulation of immune responses and energy metabolism.
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Taverna, Kristin. Vegetation classification and mapping of land additions at Richmond National Battlefield Park, Virginia : Addendum to technical report NPS/NER/NRTR 2008/128. National Park Service, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294278.

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In 2008 and 2015, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage produced vegetation maps for Richmond National Battlefield Park, following the protocols of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) – National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Program. The original 2008 report was part of a regional project to map and classify the vegetation in seven national parks in Virginia. The 2015 report was an addendum to the original report and mapped the vegetation in newly acquired parcels. Since 2015, the park has acquired an additional 820 acres of land within 12 individual parcels, including the 650 acre North Anna unit. This report is an addendum to the 2008 and 2015 reports and documents the mapping of vegetation and other land-use classes for the 12 new land parcels at Richmond National Battlefield Park, with an updated vegetation map for the entire park. The updated map and associated data provide information on the sensitivity and ecological integrity of habitats and can help prioritize areas for protection. The vegetation map of the new land parcels includes eighteen map classes, representing 14 associations from the United States National Vegetation Classification, one nonstandard, park-specific class, and three Anderson Level II land-use categories. The vegetation classification and map classes are consistent with the original 2008 report. Vegetation-map classes for the new land parcels were identified through field reconnaissance, data collection, and aerial photo interpretation. Aerial photography from 2017 served as the base map for mapping the 12 new parcels, and field sampling was conducted in the summer of 2020. Three new map classes for the Park were encountered and described during the study, all within the North Anna park unit. These map classes are Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest, Northern Coastal Plain / Piedmont Oak – Beech / Heath Forest, and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest. The examples of Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest at North Anna meet the criteria of size, condition, and landscape context to be considered a Natural Heritage exemplary natural community occurrence and should be targeted for protection and management as needed. New local and global descriptions for the three map classes are included as part of this report. Refinements were made to the vegetation field key to include the new map classes. The updated field key is part of this report. An updated table listing the number of polygons and total hectares for each of the 28 vegetation- map classes over the entire park is also included in the report. A GIS coverage containing a vegetation map for the entire park with updated Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata was completed for this project. The attribute table field names are the same as the 2008 and 2015 products, with the exception of an additional field indicating the year each polygon was last edited.
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Gur, Amit, Edward Buckler, Joseph Burger, Yaakov Tadmor et Iftach Klapp. Characterization of genetic variation and yield heterosis in Cucumis melo. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600047.bard.

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Project objectives: 1) Characterization of variation for yield heterosis in melon using Half-Diallele (HDA) design. 2) Development and implementation of image-based yield phenotyping in melon. 3) Characterization of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional variation across 25 founder lines and selected hybrids. The epigentic part of this objective was modified during the course of the project: instead of characterization of chromatin structure in a single melon line through genome-wide mapping of nucleosomes using MNase-seq approach, we took advantage of rapid advancements in single-molecule sequencing and shifted the focus to Nanoporelong-read sequencing of all 25 founder lines. This analysis provides invaluable information on genome-wide structural variation across our diversity 4) Integrated analyses and development of prediction models Agricultural heterosis relates to hybrids that outperform their inbred parents for yield. First generation (F1) hybrids are produced in many crop species and it is estimated that heterosis increases yield by 15-30% globally. Melon (Cucumismelo) is an economically important species of The Cucurbitaceae family and is among the most important fleshy fruits for fresh consumption Worldwide. The major goal of this project was to explore the patterns and magnitude of yield heterosis in melon and link it to whole genome sequence variation. A core subset of 25 diverse lines was selected from the Newe-Yaar melon diversity panel for whole-genome re-sequencing (WGS) and test-crosses, to produce structured half-diallele design of 300 F1 hybrids (MelHDA25). Yield variation was measured in replicated yield trials at the whole-plant and at the rootstock levels (through a common-scion grafted experiments), across the F1s and parental lines. As part of this project we also developed an algorithmic pipeline for detection and yield estimation of melons from aerial-images, towards future implementation of such high throughput, cost-effective method for remote yield evaluation in open-field melons. We found extensive, highly heritable root-derived yield variation across the diallele population that was characterized by prominent best-parent heterosis (BPH), where hybrids rootstocks outperformed their parents by 38% and 56 % under optimal irrigation and drought- stress, respectively. Through integration of the genotypic data (~4,000,000 SNPs) and yield analyses we show that root-derived hybrids yield is independent of parental genetic distance. However, we mapped novel root-derived yield QTLs through genome-wide association (GWA) analysis and a multi-QTLs model explained more than 45% of the hybrids yield variation, providing a potential route for marker-assisted hybrid rootstock breeding. Four selected hybrid rootstocks are further studied under multiple scion varieties and their validated positive effect on yield performance is now leading to ongoing evaluation of their commercial potential. On the genomic level, this project resulted in 3 layers of data: 1) whole-genome short-read Illumina sequencing (30X) of the 25 founder lines provided us with 25 genome alignments and high-density melon HapMap that is already shown to be an effective resource for QTL annotation and candidate gene analysis in melon. 2) fast advancements in long-read single-molecule sequencing allowed us to shift focus towards this technology and generate ~50X Nanoporesequencing of the 25 founders which in combination with the short-read data now enable de novo assembly of the 25 genomes that will soon lead to construction of the first melon pan-genome. 3) Transcriptomic (3' RNA-Seq) analysis of several selected hybrids and their parents provide preliminary information on differentially expressed genes that can be further used to explain the root-derived yield variation. Taken together, this project expanded our view on yield heterosis in melon with novel specific insights on root-derived yield heterosis. To our knowledge, thus far this is the largest systematic genetic analysis of rootstock effects on yield heterosis in cucurbits or any other crop plant, and our results are now translated into potential breeding applications. The genomic resources that were developed as part of this project are putting melon in the forefront of genomic research and will continue to be useful tool for the cucurbits community in years to come.
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