Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Geodatabase 3D »

Abstract. Digital data production possibilities have developed with the emerging technologies, and it has become possible to use different data formats together. The usability of three-dimensional (3D) data on various application areas has increased with the multidimensional use of geographic data in established information systems, for 3D visualization, presentation, and analysis. Topography-related analyzes such as digital elevation models, digital terrain models, slope maps and visibility maps can be made from geographic data sets produced in 3D. In addition, the use of 3D data in Building Information Modeling (BIM) has added various innovations for geographic data analysis. In this study, a geographic database was established by taking the vector data produced in the 3D Cadastre project that was carried out by the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre as an example. Data obtained from photogrammetry and architectural projects were used in accordance with the OGC CityGML standard. After creating 3D building database in GIS environment, as result of various visualization and analysis techniques, the contributions of this project to BIM were revealed for various applications such as real estate valuation, disaster management, renewable energy, 3D city models, and smart city projects.

In this paper we present the results of the development of a Web-based archiving and documenting system aimed to the management of multisource and multitemporal data related to cultural heritage. As case study we selected the building complex of Villa Revedin Bolasco in Castefranco Veneto (Treviso, Italy) and its park. Buildings and park were built in XIX century after several restorations of the original XIV century area. The data management system relies on a geodatabase framework, in which different kinds of datasets were stored. More specifically, the geodatabase elements consist of historical information, documents, descriptions of artistic characteristics of the building and the park, in the form of text and images. In addition, we used also floorplans, sections and views of the outer facades of the building extracted by a TLS-based 3D model of the whole Villa. In order to manage and explore these rich dataset, we developed a geodatabase using PostgreSQL and PostGIS as spatial plugin. The Web-GIS platform, based on HTML5 and PHP programming languages, implements the NASA Web World Wind virtual globe, a 3D virtual globe we used to enable the navigation and interactive exploration of the park. Furthermore, through a specific timeline function, the user can explore the historical evolution of the building complex.

In this paper we present the results of the development of a Web-based archiving and documenting system aimed to the management of multisource and multitemporal data related to cultural heritage. As case study we selected the building complex of Villa Revedin Bolasco in Castefranco Veneto (Treviso, Italy) and its park. Buildings and park were built in XIX century after several restorations of the original XIV century area. The data management system relies on a geodatabase framework, in which different kinds of datasets were stored. More specifically, the geodatabase elements consist of historical information, documents, descriptions of artistic characteristics of the building and the park, in the form of text and images. In addition, we used also floorplans, sections and views of the outer facades of the building extracted by a TLS-based 3D model of the whole Villa. In order to manage and explore these rich dataset, we developed a geodatabase using PostgreSQL and PostGIS as spatial plugin. The Web-GIS platform, based on HTML5 and PHP programming languages, implements the NASA Web World Wind virtual globe, a 3D virtual globe we used to enable the navigation and interactive exploration of the park. Furthermore, through a specific timeline function, the user can explore the historical evolution of the building complex.

In this paper, an approach is provided to reconstruct groundwater structures in three dimensions using well drilling data. The methodology was developed to construct the groundwater 3D model in order to better manage the groundwater production in Tanggu, Tianjin, China. At first, all the data (Fundamental geographic data, DEM, Boreholes’ tables) of the study area were organized in a geodatabase using ESRI® ArcGIS®. Secondly, 3D stratigraphy is constructed. Then, common 2D map can be instead of 3D visualization method. Finally, a groundwater 3D management system is developed to achieve the functions such as to manage, query, analyst, decision support and 3D visualization about groundwater information.

Abstract. In recent years, there has been little adoption of geospatial technology applications towards the archaeological excavation project in Malaysia which yields increasing amount of data on historical assets. Those data however been processed and managed via conventional method of paper form- based and less associated spatial data which is actually can be necessary to improve the finding method of potential archaeological sites. This paper presents the application of Geographical Information System (GIS) towards the archaeology data management by adopting geodatabase for storing archaeology information and visualizing the archaeological monuments via method of 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). The research area is located within the Bujang Valley Archaeological Museum, Merbok, Kedah which known to locate most of the ancient relics that being preserved over time. The TLS method is used to scan the interior and exterior structures of the monuments due to its capability in representing 3D visualization digitally from point cloud data and close to the accuracy of the actual structure. In addition, the geodatabase can provide the organization a better medium to create large-scale databases for organizing, analyzing and sharing the products of the field research with other users. The GIS capability to capture, integrate, store, edit, analyze and display geospatial data can really help the effort in preserving the archaeological information from lost over time.

With the development of city, the scale of underground pipeline is always extending and to solve the problem of virtual underground pipeline generation is extremely urgent. In this paper, we will use the triangular slice to establish three-dimensional MultiPatch models. The three-dimensional vector will be used in this new modeling method of 3D visualization of underground pipeline. The method can automatically deal with elbows or straight pipe modeling problems. And we find it suitable for rapid modeling and wide range of applications through our series of test.

This paper presents a workflow for the development of various Geodesign scenarios. The subject is important in the context of identifying patterns and designing solutions for a Smart City with optimized public transportation, efficient buildings, efficient utilities, recreational facilities a.s.o.. The workflow describes the procedures starting with acquiring data in the field, data processing, orthophoto generation, DTM generation, integration into a GIS platform and analyzing for a better support for Geodesign. Esri’s City Engine is used mostly for 3D modeling capabilities that enable the user to obtain 3D realistic models. The workflow uses as inputs information extracted from images acquired using UAVs technologies, namely eBee, existing 2D GIS geodatabases, and a set of CGA rules. The method that we used further, is called procedural modeling, and uses rules in order to extrude buildings, the street network, parcel zoning and side details, based on the initial attributes from the geodatabase. The resulted products are various scenarios for redesigning, for analyzing new exploitation sites. Finally, these scenarios can be published as interactive web scenes for internal, groups or pubic consultation. In this way, problems like the impact of new constructions being build, re-arranging green spaces or changing routes for public transportation, etc. are revealed through impact and visibility analysis or shadowing analysis and are brought to the citizen’s attention. This leads to better decisions.

This paper presents a workflow for the development of various Geodesign scenarios. The subject is important in the context of identifying patterns and designing solutions for a Smart City with optimized public transportation, efficient buildings, efficient utilities, recreational facilities a.s.o.. The workflow describes the procedures starting with acquiring data in the field, data processing, orthophoto generation, DTM generation, integration into a GIS platform and analyzing for a better support for Geodesign. Esri’s City Engine is used mostly for 3D modeling capabilities that enable the user to obtain 3D realistic models. The workflow uses as inputs information extracted from images acquired using UAVs technologies, namely eBee, existing 2D GIS geodatabases, and a set of CGA rules. The method that we used further, is called procedural modeling, and uses rules in order to extrude buildings, the street network, parcel zoning and side details, based on the initial attributes from the geodatabase. The resulted products are various scenarios for redesigning, for analyzing new exploitation sites. Finally, these scenarios can be published as interactive web scenes for internal, groups or pubic consultation. In this way, problems like the impact of new constructions being build, re-arranging green spaces or changing routes for public transportation, etc. are revealed through impact and visibility analysis or shadowing analysis and are brought to the citizen’s attention. This leads to better decisions.

The Potchefstroom Campus of the North West University contains old water pipelines that are not well documented. Many of the newer water pipelines are not well documented either. A central data storage system that could contain the information with ease of access to update and retrieve information of these waterlines is lacking. There is a need to find a way that existing potable water network data could be represented and stored with GIS. The solution would contribute to the management of the water system on Campus. The aim of this study is to create a seamless geodatabase as a pilot project for the potable water infrastructure at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North West University. The pilot project focuses on buildings E4 and E6. ArcGIS 10 was selected to serve as the key software system that would be applied as a medium to solve and represent the problem. ArcGIS geodatabase serves as a container to store spatial data with. Data with regard to the potable water system was collected from various sources of which available electronic and hard copy CAD data was the general format. A file geodatabase was created in ArcCatalog with a standard co-ordinate system as reference to the data. ArcMap was applied for 2D editing and georeferencing of the CAD drawings which were followed by a composition of attribute data for the created features. The end result was represented in ArcScene for 3D visualization and 3D analysis. It also provided ease of access to the attribute information and relationships and the capability to perform the shortest route analysis.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Le città sono ambienti complessi, dove una moltitudine di elementi interagiscono. Un cambiamento del paradigma verso il raggiungimento di obiettivi di sostenibilità, come il limite del consumo di suolo, sta determinando un maggiore utilizzo del sottosuolo, abbandonando così lo sviluppo urbano in senso orizzontale. Ciò si traduce in una crescente interazione tra la falda e le infrastrutture sotterranee. Pertanto, è ragionevole pensare che nei prossimi anni un enorme sforzo sarà dedicato alla ricerca idrogeologica in aree urbane. Tra le città che nel mondo sono state colpite da questo problema, la città di Milano (Nord Italia, Regione Lombardia) ha registrato un forte aumento del livello piezometrico negli ultimi decenni, che hanno portato ad episodi di infiltrazione per diverse categorie di infrastrutture sotterranee. Considerando che è già stato pianificato un futuro sviluppo del sottosuolo, ciò evidenzia l'importanza di adottare strategie integrate nel quadro sia dello sviluppo sotterraneo che della gestione della falda. All'interno di questo schema generale, il presente progetto di dottorato è stato suddiviso in tre parti, per fornire una definizione dettagliata del modello concettuale urbano per la città di Milano, che potrebbe svolgere un ruolo fondamentale per sostenere i processi decisionali nelle politiche di pianificazione urbana. In particolare, la prima parte del progetto riguarda la ricostruzione di un Geodatabase 3D (3D GDB) per le infrastrutture sotterranee (UIs). Utilizzando banche dati di tipo Open come fonte principale, ma non unica, di informazioni, sono state catalogate all'interno del 3D GDB tre categorie di elementi del sottosuolo (parcheggi privati e pubblici, linee metropolitane). Queste informazioni sono state poi combinate con la ricostruzione della tavola d’acqua per condizioni di minimo e massimo idrogeologico per identificare le aree in cui le UIs sono state sommerse dalla falda. Nella seconda parte, sono state applicate tecniche data-driven per analizzare le serie storiche della falda freatica, occupata dagli UI. Sono state utilizzate tecniche statistiche e geo spaziali per raggiungere una migliore comprensione del sistema idrogeologico, individuando le principali variabili che regolano il livello piezometrico. Di conseguenza, sono state identificate quattro aree di gestione che possano fungere da future unità territoriali, definendo specifiche strategie di gestione della falda in relazione alle UIs. Nella terza parte, è stato implementato un modello numerico su scala locale per la parte occidentale della città, al fine di valutare ulteriormente le interazioni tra falda e infrastrutture sotterranee. In particolare, sono state quantificate le infiltrazioni della falda nelle UIs, portando ad una migliore definizione del modello concettuale urbano. Il modello numerico è stato sviluppato utilizzando MODFLOW-USG, adottando il pacchetto HFB, supportato dal pacchetto DRAIN per modellare le infrastrutture sotterranee. I risultati di questo progetto hanno evidenziato come la combinazione di questi diversi strumenti potrebbe essere utile per gestire le interazioni tra la falda e le infrastrutture sotterranee e per sostenere i decisori nella gestione delle acque sotterranee in ambito urbano. In questo modo, potrebbero essere adottate strategie adeguate per progettare in modo sostenibile il futuro sviluppo del sottosuolo della città.
Cities are intricate areas, where a multitude of elements interact. A change in the paradigm towards sustainability goals, as the limit of soil consumption, is determining a greater use of the subsurface, thus abandoning the urban horizontal sprawl. This results in increasing interactions between groundwater and the underground infrastructures. Thus, it is reasonable to think that in the next years a huge effort will be allocated to research in urban hydrogeology. Among the cities that worldwide have been affected by this issue, the city of Milan (Northern Italy, Lombardy Region) experienced a strong groundwater table rise in the last decades, leading to flooding episodes for different categories of underground infrastructures. Considering that a future subsurface development has been already planned, this highlights the importance of adopting integrated strategies in the framework of both underground development and groundwater management. Within this general scheme, the present PhD project has been divided into three parts, to provide a detailed definition of the urban conceptual model for the city of Milan, that could play a pivotal role and support decision-making processes in urban planning policies. More specifically, the first part of the project deals with the reconstruction of a 3D Geodatabase (3D GDB) for urban underground infrastructures (UIs). Using Open Data databases as the primary, but not unique source of information, three categories of subsurface elements (private and public car parks, subway lines) have been gathered within the 3D GDB. This information has been then combined with groundwater table reconstructions of groundwater minimum and maximum conditions to identify the areas where the UIs were submerged by the water table. In the second part, data-driven techniques have been applied to analyse groundwater time-series of the shallow aquifer, occupied by the UIs. Statistical and geospatial techniques were used to reach a better understanding of the hydrogeologic system, pinpointing the main potential variables influencing the water table levels. Consequently, four management areas have been identified to act as future geographic units, defining specific groundwater management strategies in relation to UIs. In the third part, a local scale numerical model was implemented for the western part of the city to further evaluate groundwater/underground infrastructures interactions. In particular, groundwater infiltrations into UIs were quantified, leading to a better definition of the urban conceptual model. The numerical model was developed using MODFLOW-USG, and adopting the HFB package, supported by the DRAIN package to model the UIs. The results of this project pointed out that the combination of these different tools could be beneficial to manage the interactions between groundwater and the underground infrastructures and to support the decision makers in urban groundwater management. In this way, proper strategies could be adopted to sustainably design the future subsurface development of the city.

Record keeping and management of electrical utilities inside buildings is an important aspect to ensure effective electrical distribution. The ability to find the location of each electrical feature inside a building and extract information about it helps to solve network problems faster. The use of a spatial database structure facilitates the maintenance and general operations of an electrical network across different buildings. The aim of this study is to design and develop a 3D data model to provide a management system for electrical utilities inside buildings. The geodatabase provides integrated information between different electrical components forming the network inside the specified buildings in the study area. A prototype called the PUK geodatabase was designed and developed for the NWU Potchefstroom Campus as a 3D data model. The data model consists of raster and vector data used in network datasets, relationship classes and topology rules. The aim of this project was accomplished through the 3D analysis capabilities of the model. The research determined that the prototype called the PUK geodatabase can be utilized as a 3D management system for electrical utilities across the different floor levels of a building.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Thesis (M.Sc.)--York University, 2004. Graduate Programme in Earth and Space Science & Engineering.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-123). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR11920