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1
Keldibekova, Zh K. « THEMATIC-PROBLEMATIC AND PLOT-COMPOSITIONAL FEATURES OF THE STORIES OF ZH. JAPIEV ». Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no 1-2021 (22 mars 2021) : 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2021.1.53-56.
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In the article we tried to analyze the thematic-problematic and plot-compositional features of the stories of the talented writer Zhylkychy Japiev “Nostalgia” (“Kusalyk”), “Let's go to Son-Kul” (“Son-Kolgo barabyz”), “Fate” (“Tagdyr”) . The hero of the story "Fate" through his author's "I" with gentle humor, skillfully draws "heroes of our time", criticizing them. In the image of his hero, the author criticizes social indifference, lack of civic position, laziness of the soul.
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Cooper, Hyson. « "The Hero of This Little History" ». Boyhood Studies 4, no 1 (1 mars 2010) : 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/thy.0401.3.
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Using Anthony Trollope’s character Tom Tringle ofAyala’s Angel, I argue that in his portrayal of the hobbledehoy, Trollope is imposing on Victorian boys and young men a code of behavior every bit as restrictive and every bit as unnatural as the “suffer and be still” doctrine imposed on girls and young women. Using critical tools from the fields of Masculinity Studies and studies of literary character, I discuss Trollope’s portrayal of Tom Tringle as emblematic of the restrictions Victorian gender ideology placed on women. What emerges is a new dimension to Victorian gender studies. The admonition addressed to Victorian women of all ages and classes that they should “suffer and be still” in the face of any adversity is well known, and is often accompanied by the assumption that no similar restriction is placed on boys and men. In the world of Anthony Trollope’s novels, however, unlike that of many other Victorian novelists, women seldom need much taming, as obedience is a strong character trait in the majority of his heroines. His young men, on the other hand, tend to be far less morally evolved, and in Trollope’s love plots, if anyone has to undergo profound changes of character before being fit for marriage, it is usually the man. I argue that Trollope’s stern but gentle treatment of the misfit Tom provides further answers to the often debated question of Trollopes relative conservatism.
3
N.M, Kavitha. « Biological and Foster Mothers in Kamba Ramayanam ». International Research Journal of Tamil 3, no 1 (22 novembre 2020) : 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt2115.
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Rama, the hero of Ramayana is worshipped by the people. Biological and foster mothers of Rama, the great are really fortunate. The hero of Kamba Ramyanam was manifested more with his foster mother rather than his biological mother. Thus he had two mothers. Kosalai, Rama’s biological mother was stable in all the situations and showed maturity in her behaviour. Bharathan, who was fostered by Kosalai was also an esteemed gentle person. Kaikeyi, the foster mother of Rama was affectionate to Rama than Bharathan, her own son. But her infidelity towards Rama by becoming a prey to the conspiracy of kūni Mautharai shown her inner love towards her son Bharathan. Kosalai stood in esteemed status as a biological as well as a foster mother.
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Moumita Sarkar. « Draupadi – The ‘he’ in ‘her’ : A blend of the Sinister and the Gentle ». Creative Saplings 2, no 02 (25 mai 2023) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.283.
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Draupadi, the co-wife of the Pandava brothers, is an important character in the epic. She is known to have been the quintessence of beauty and femininity. Her life has largely been a plausible canvass of determination and a majestic display of integrity. She is often regarded as the first feminist voice who had raised concerns about women’s rights, wife’s rights and husband’s authority over the wife. Yet, there has been an enigmatic aspect to her character. The more one delves deeper into her character, the more one is confounded with Draupadi’s heroism. Her strength of character and unyielding will makes her a hero, more heroic and greater than the others. And hence, the paper tries to explore the heroic nature of Draupadi’s character- to unravel the ‘he’ in ‘her’.
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Kramer-Hajos, Margaretha. « The Land and the Heroes of Lokris in the Iliad ». Journal of Hellenic Studies 132 (6 septembre 2012) : 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075426912000079.
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AbstractThe presentation of Lokris and the Lokrians in the Iliad is problematic. The entry for Lokris in the Catalogue lists an unusually large number of towns for such a small area, but many of those towns are obscure. Despite the small size of the region of Lokris, it has given the epic not one but two major heroes of very different characters: the Lokrian commander Oilean Aias and Patroklos, Achilles' friend and warrior companion. Although Aias is praised in the Catalogue entry as the greatest of Homeric warriors, elsewhere in the Iliad he is only a second-rank hero and his men, the Lokrians, are relatively insignificant archers. Seeking a resolution of these difficulties, this paper integrates information derived from the text of the Iliad with what is known of the topography and archaeology of Lokris between the Late Mycenaean and Archaic periods. It is concluded that Aias, the more traditional hero, is firmly embedded in Lokris, whereas Patroklos, who appears to be ‘reinvented’ by the poet of the Iliad, has no traditional connection to the land. The contrast between these heroes may reflect the division between the mountainous Epiknemidian and the urban Opountian parts of Lokris. Oilean Aias encapsulates the ancient virtues of the mountain warrior and is linked with Epiknemidian Lokris; Patroklos, with his gentle disposition, is representative of the citizen of the polis and as such is linked to Opous, the capital of Lokris.
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Lefkowitz, Mary R. « ‘Impiety’ and ‘Atheism’ in Euripides' Dramas ». Classical Quarterly 39, no 1 (mai 1989) : 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800040489.
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In the surviving plays of Aeschylus and Sophocles the gods appear to men only rarely. In theEumenidesApollo and Athena intervene to bring acquittal to Orestes. In Sophocles'PhiloctetesHeracles appearsex machinato ensure that the hero returns to Troy, and we learn from a messenger how the gods have summoned the aged Oedipus to a hero's tomb. In Sophocles'AjaxAthena drives Ajax mad and taunts him cruelly.Prometheus Bound(assuming that it is by Aeschylus) might seem to be an exception, since all but one of its characters are gods. But nonetheless the intervention of the gods in the life of the one human character, Io, brings pain and trouble as well as promise of benefit. Io has been driven mad because she has refused to obey the dreams that tell her to go to the meadow where Zeus wants to have intercourse with her. The god does not make his request in person, and it is only in the course of her wanderings that Io learns how Zeus will bring a gentle end to her sufferings. Her informant is another god, Zeus' adversary Prometheus, who answers her questions, at times grudgingly (778), and in ways that are not immediately clear to her (775).
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Sayegh, Majida. « Alexis ou l’initiation au fil de l’eau : Approche mythocritique ». European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no 2 (31 janvier 2022) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n2p19.
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S’il y avait une définition qui pourrait résumer le cheminement d’Alexis, le héros du Chercheur d’or de Le Clézio, elle serait le rêve et l’apprentissage au fil de l’eau. Cet amoureux des forces naturelles se trouve submergé par le désir de l’élément aquatique sous toutes ses formes. Dès l’enfance jusqu’à l’âge adulte et malgré les nombreux initiateurs qui l’ont accompagné, l’eau reste son initiatrice mythique par excellence. Opposée à la terre et au feu, elle représente l’élément qui est à la base de la mort initiatique et de la résurrection. En effet, la symbolique de l’eau évolue parallèlement avec la personnalité du héros : d’une figure maternelle bien douce à un espace de rêve atavique et mythique qui cherche une forme, vers une femme amoureuse et initiatrice pour arriver finalement à une force primordiale qui résume tous les principes fondamentaux de la vie de tous les êtres.
If there were a definition that could summarize the journey of Alexis, the hero of Le Clézio's The Prospector (original French title: Le Chercheur d’Or), it would be dreams and learning along water. This lover of the natural forces is overwhelmed by the desire for the aquatic element under all its forms. From childhood to adulthood and in spite of the many mentors who have accompanied him, water remains his one true mythical teacher. Opposed to earth and fire, it represents the element at the root of death and resurrection. Indeed, the symbolism of water evolves in parallel with the personality of the hero: from a gentle mother figure to an atavistic and mythical dreamscape that seeks form. Towards a woman in love and initiating to finally arrive at a primordial force that summarizes all the fundamental principles of life and of all beings.
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Bermejo Larrea, Esperanza. « «El espacio construido, el banquete y la fiesta en Durmart le Galois» ». Revista de Literatura Medieval 29 (21 décembre 2018) : 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/rpm.2017.29.0.69391.
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Resumen: Durmart le Galois no es una novela artúrica convencional. Los caballeros de la Tabla Redonda son relegados a un segundo plano frente al protagonismo que cobra el héroe epónimo. Su estructura carece de una etapa de crisis personal o social del héroe, de forma que la aventura constituye un itinerario cuyas etapas se despliegan a través de una vasta geografía. Los castillos y ciudades se imponen sobre otros espacios salvajes, como el bosque, más frecuentes en otras obras caballerescas. La descripción de estos lugares construidos parte de los cánones establecidos por la tradición literaria, pero se aleja después y muestra un espacio amable, abierto a la sociabilidad y al entretenimiento. El ambiente festivo inunda la novela y encuentra su culminación en el banquete, con sus rituales y su protocolo. En torno a la mesa, los comensales intercambian conversaciones que mar- carán el progreso de la intriga.Palabras clave: espacio, sociabilidad, banquete, fiesta.Abstract: Durmart le Galois is not a conventional Arthurian novel. The knights of the Round Table are pushed into the background, while relevance is given to the eponymous hero. Its structure lacks a stage of personal or social crisis of the hero, so, adventure covers an itinerary whose stages are displayed throughout a vast geography. Castles and cities replace other wild spaces, such as the forest, which are more frequent in other chivalric works. The description of these built-up spaces starts from the pre-established literary canons, but later it moves away from conventions, and it depicts a gentle space, which is open to sociability and entertainment. A merry atmosphere floods the novel, and it reaches its climax in the banquet, with its rituals and protocol. Around the table, guests exchange conversa- tions, which will influence the unfolding of the plot.Keywords: space, sociability, banquet, party.
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Terci, Mahmut. « The Gentleman of Birth : Oliver Twist ». European Journal of Language and Literature 4, no 1 (30 avril 2016) : 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v4i1.p104-116.
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As the focus in this article is mainly on Dickens’s descriptions of the gentleman of birth in Oliver Twist, selected extracts from the novel as well as critics’ opinions will help us analyze the gentlemanly attitudes of the main characters connected to their noble origin and gentle manners. While Oliver opens his eyes in poor conditions, he always feels that he has noble blood. Dickens believes that manners not social status make people true gentlemen yet, he mixes the ‘noble origin’ issue in his novel Oliver Twist, probably as a result of the Victorian people’s perception of ‘gentility’ which was very close to the concept of ‘nobility’. Since Dickens added the flavor of ‘noble’ birth, his naïve nature as well as his perceptions – the way how he interprets people’s behavior and things which happen around him and which construct his identity, his pure heart and his fate (reference to his belief and sincere praying) remarkably influence the positive changes in his life time. Dickens’s little hero, Oliver Twist, while naturally appreciating goodness, is disgusted by immoral things like ‘stealing,’ which was unfortunately happening around. What are the main factors that shape his kind, noble and naïve character? Is it ‘nature’ or ‘nurture’? What could be the major reasons for Nancy, Rose and Mr. Brownlow to give their assistance to Oliver? Whose –Mr. Brownlow’s or Fagin’s– teachings or influences are welcomed by Oliver? The answers to these questions will eventually illustrate how gentlemanly manners are inherited or acquired by Oliver.
10
Xinyue, Bobby. « THE DIDOS OF BOOK FOUR : GENDER, GENRE, AND THEAENEIDIN PROPERTIUS 4.3 AND 4.4 ». Greece and Rome 65, no 2 (17 septembre 2018) : 218–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383518000165.
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In the second poem of Propertius’ fourth book, the form-shifting deity Vertumnus claims that he is suited to any role that he is associated with because he can appear convincingly as a girl or a man:indue me Cois: fiam non dura puella; /meque uirum sumpta quis neget esse toga?(‘dress me in Coan silk, I shall be a gentle maiden: and who would say that I am not a man when I don the toga?’, 4.2.23–4). Later in Propertius 4.9, another gender ambiguous character, Hercules, while trying to gain entry into the shrine of the Bona Dea, boasts that he had woven and performed a handmaiden's service (4.9.47–50):idem ego Sidonia feci seruilia pallaofficia et Lydo pensa diurna colo;mollis et hirsutum cinxit mihi fascia pectus,et manibus duris apta puella fui.I have also done the tasks of a slave-girl in a Sidonian gownand worked at the daily burden of the Lydian distaff.A soft breastband has surrounded my shaggy chest,and with my hard hands I was a fitting girl.Scholars have noted that the language used by Propertius to depict gender inversion in these episodes has profound implications for understanding the generic complexity of the poet's new, more aetiological, fourth book. DeBrohun points out that, when Hercules recalls the soft (mollis) breastband on his hairy (hirsutum) chest – a contrast further substantiated by his claim that he had become apuellawith rough hands (manibus duris) – the hero ‘softens’ his appearance in terms that resonate strongly with the Augustan poets’ expression of the terminology of Callimachean poetics, thus allowing readers to interpret this scene as an act of generic realignment that symbolizes Book 4's attempt to accommodate both grand topics and erotic narratives.
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Sokolova, Marina G. « Realization of traditional images of comparative tropes with diminutive dendronyms in the Russian poetry of the 19–21st centuries ». Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 23, no 2 (22 mai 2023) : 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2023-23-2-108-114.
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The article examines the traditional images of comparison, characterizing diminutive dendronyms in the language of the Russian poetry of the 19–21st centuries, from the perspective of the relationship of ‘cultural-stereotypical (traditional) – author’s individual’. The analysis of 725 fragments from the Russian poetic works of the 19–21st centuries reveals the ways of word formation and the composition of diminutive dendronyms, as well as the composition of folk poetic, general poetic and individual author’s images of comparative tropes representing these diminutives as subjects of comparison: girl; love attraction, longing; to cry (tears), to grieve, to yearn; fertility; separation; bitter, unhappy fate, orphanhood; gold, silver; emerald; smoke; clothing; fire; pattern, mesh product; infantas by Velasquez, ermine coat; calico; fidelity. The referencedenotative features of the corresponding realia, motivating the choice of figurative associations are determined: a thin trunk, flexible branches, serrated, heart-shaped leaves, flowering trees, fruit trees. The techniques that help make stereotypical images of comparison in the Russian poetic language individualized are established: the inclusion in the composition of an extended anthropomorphic metaphor; updating by means of occasional epithets, lexical variation of the components of the trope. The stable semantic connotations of diminutive dendronyms are singled out: ‘shy’, ‘timid’, ‘meek’, ‘slender’, ‘tall’, ‘gentle’, ‘curls’, ‘braids’, ‘thin figure’, ‘beauty’, ‘breasts’, ‘captivate’, ‘innocence’, as well as the ways of their representation in poetic contexts: extended metaphors ‘autumnal withering of a tree – withering of female beauty’; memories of the lyrical hero about close people; parallelism of the images of a tree and a human condition; conventional epithets (weeping, bitter); features of the situation of a literary text. The results of the study allow us to improve the understanding of how comparative tropes with diminutive dendronyms develop dynamically in the Russian poetic language.
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Schemmer, Peter, Blair U. Bradford, Michelle L. Rose, Hartwig Bunzendahl, James A. Raleigh, John J. Lemasters et Ronald G. Thurman. « Intravenous glycine improves survival in rat liver transplantation ». American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 276, no 4 (1 avril 1999) : G924—G932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1999.276.4.g924.
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In situ manipulation by touching, retracting, and moving liver lobes gently during harvest dramatically reduces survival after transplantation (P. Schemmer, R. Schoonhoven, J. A. Swenberg, H. Bunzendahl, and R. G. Thurman. Transplantation 65: 1015–1020, 1998). The development of harvest-dependent graft injury upon reperfusion can be prevented with GdCl3, a rare earth metal and Kupffer cell toxicant, but it cannot be used in clinical liver transplantation because of its potential toxicity. Thus the effect of glycine, which prevents activation of Kupffer cells, was assessed here. Minimal dissection of the liver for 12 min plus 13 min without manipulation had no effect on survival (100%). However, gentle manipulation decreased survival to 46% in the control group. Furthermore, serum transaminases and liver necrosis were elevated 4- to 12-fold 8 h after transplantation. After organ harvest, the rate of entry and exit of fluorescein dextran, a dye confined to the vascular space, was decreased about twofold, indicating disturbances in the hepatic microcirculation. Pimonidazole binding, which detects hypoxia, increased about twofold after organ manipulation, and Kupffer cells isolated from manipulated livers produced threefold more tumor necrosis factor-α after lipopolysaccharide than controls. Glycine given intravenously to the donor increased the serum glycine concentration about sevenfold and largely prevented the effect of gentle organ manipulation on all parameters studied. These data indicate for the first time that pretreatment of donors with intravenous glycine minimizes reperfusion injury due to organ manipulation during harvest and after liver transplantation.
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Sailer, Uta, Marlene Hausmann et Ilona Croy. « Pleasantness Only ? » Experimental Psychology 67, no 4 (juillet 2020) : 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000492.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract. When gently stroked with velocities between 0.1 and 30 cm/s, participants typically rate velocities around 3 cm/s as most pleasant, and the ratings follow an inverted u-shape. This pleasantness curve correlates often, but not always, with the firing rate of unmyelinated C-tactile (CT) afferents, leading to the notion that CT afferents code for the hedonic or emotional aspect of gentle touch. However, there is also evidence that CT firing does not necessarily equal pleasantness, and the range of attributes that CT afferents code for is not known. Here, participants were stroked with different velocities assumed to activate CT afferents to a different extent while they rated the touch on several sensory and emotional attributes. We expected an inverted u-shaped rating curve for pleasantness and other emotional attributes, but not for sensory attributes. Inverted u-shaped rating patterns were found for the emotional attributes “pleasant” and “not burdensome,” but also for the sensory attribute “rough.” CT-directed stimulation is thus not only experienced as hedonic. The sensations arising from CTs together with all other types of mechanoreceptors might be centrally integrated into a percept that represents those aspects which are most salient for the stimulation at hand.
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Baronchelli, Andrea. « A gentle introduction to the minimal Naming Game ». Computational Construction Grammar and Constructional Change 30 (19 décembre 2016) : 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.30.08bar.
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Social conventions govern countless behaviors all of us engage in every day, from how we greet each other to the languages we speak. But how can shared conventions emerge spontaneously in the absence of a central coordinating authority? The Naming Game model shows that networks of locally interacting individuals can spontaneously self-organize to produce global coordination. Here, we provide a gentle introduction to the main features of the model, from the dynamics observed in homogeneously mixing populations to the role played by more complex social networks, and to how slight modifications of the basic interaction rules give origin to a richer phenomenology in which more conventions can co-exist indefinitely.
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Collins, Patrick M., Jia Tsing Ng, Romain Talon, Karolina Nekrosiute, Tobias Krojer, Alice Douangamath, Jose Brandao-Neto, Nathan Wright, Nicholas M. Pearce et Frank von Delft. « Gentle, fast and effective crystal soaking by acoustic dispensing ». Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 73, no 3 (1 mars 2017) : 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205979831700331x.
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The steady expansion in the capacity of modern beamlines for high-throughput data collection, enabled by increasing X-ray brightness, capacity of robotics and detector speeds, has pushed the bottleneck upstream towards sample preparation. Even in ligand-binding studies using crystal soaking, the experiment best able to exploit beamline capacity, a primary limitation is the need for gentle and nontrivial soaking regimens such as stepwise concentration increases, even for robust and well characterized crystals. Here, the use of acoustic droplet ejection for the soaking of protein crystals with small molecules is described, and it is shown that it is both gentle on crystals and allows very high throughput, with 1000 unique soaks easily performed in under 10 min. In addition to having very low compound consumption (tens of nanolitres per sample), the positional precision of acoustic droplet ejection enables the targeted placement of the compound/solvent away from crystals and towards drop edges, allowing gradual diffusion of solvent across the drop. This ensures both an improvement in the reproducibility of X-ray diffraction and increased solvent tolerance of the crystals, thus enabling higher effective compound-soaking concentrations. The technique is detailed here with examples from the protein target JMJD2D, a histone lysine demethylase with roles in cancer and the focus of active structure-based drug-design efforts.
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Danilin, S. I., S. L. Kuzmenko, Yu V. Rodionov et E. I. Kargin. « Development of adaptive technology for cultivation and processing of rosebay willow-herb (Chamaenérionangustifolium) ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 845, no 1 (1 novembre 2021) : 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/845/1/012038.
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Abstract The propagation methods of rosebay willow-herb were studied on the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, the optimal size of the feeding area of one plant in a field was described and established. The efficiency of cultivating these plants depending on the time of sowing in winter greenhouses and the field planting scheme was determined, scientific and practical justification of the feasibility of cultivating rosebay willow-herb as a raw material for the processing industry in the North-Eastern part of Tambov Region was given in order to obtain dry vegetable concentrate for the production of soft drinks, syrups, natural additives for functional enrichment of food products. A non-waste concentrate production technology was developed and implemented using gentle modes and intensive processes, such as two-stage vacuum-pulse drying, vacuum extraction.
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ÖNTÜRK, Vural. « An Epic Hero in the Indian Middle Ages : Prithviraj Çavhan ». Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 23, no 2 (4 juillet 2023) : 423–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1252745.
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Prithviraj ya da Müslüman tarihçilerin ifadesi ile Ray Pithora, Kuzey Hindistan’ın Racastan Bölgesi’ne dâhil Ecmir, Sambar ve Delhi’de hüküm süren Çavhan Hânedanı’nın otuz ikinci hükümdarıdır. Bu hükümdarın hayatı ve siyasî faaliyetleri hususunda Farsça, İngilizce ve Hintçe kaynaklarda bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı özelde Prithviraj Çavhan’ın genelde ise Çavhan Hânedanı’nın siyasî durumunu ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu minval üzere ilk olarak Prithviraj’a ve Çavhanlara dair bilgiler ihtiva eden eserler toplanıp tasnif edilmiştir. Bilhassa Hintçe eserlerin kendilerinden ziyade İngilizce tercümelerinden istifade edilmiştir. Bahse konu hükümdarın Gurlularla ilişkileri hususunda ise Müslüman tarihçilerin devreye girdiği müşahede edilmektedir. Bu sebeple konuyla alakalı bilgiler sunan Farsça kaynaklar tespit edilerek ilk olarak bu eserlerin tercümesi yapılmıştır. Akabinde hem Farsça hem İngilizce hem de çok kısıtlı da olsa Türkçe kaynaklardan elde edilen bilgiler mukayeseye tabi tutularak çalışmanın şekli ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmanın giriş kısmında Çavhan Hânedanı’nın genel durumu ile alakalı bilgiler sunulmuştur. Sonraki süreçte Prithviraj Çavhan’ın dünyaya gelişi, eğitimi ve ilk gençlik yılları üzerinde durulmuştur. Son olararak Prithviraj’ın siyasî faaliyetleri, savaşları ve ölümü anlatılarak çalışma sonuçlanıdırlmıştır.
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Basavappa, Ravi, Edward T. Petri et Blanton S. Tolbert. « A quick and gentle method for mounting crystals in capillaries ». Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no 5 (8 septembre 2003) : 1297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889803014006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The capillary mounting of protein crystals is still necessary under some circumstances, despite its being supplanted by loop mounting/flash freezing as the favored method for crystal mounting prior to data collection. Traditional capillary mounting methods require a degree of dexterity and finesse that causes apprehension among many crystallographers. Here a simple method for capillary mounting that uses a loop for depositing the crystal in the capillary is described.
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Patel, Seona, Lindsay Cameron et David Olson. « Sex-Specific Social Effects on Depression-Related Behavioral Phenotypes in Mice ». Life 11, no 12 (1 décembre 2021) : 1327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11121327.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Social interaction and empathy play critical roles in determining the emotional well-being of humans. Stress-related depression and anxiety can be exacerbated or mitigated depending on specific social conditions. Although rodents are well known to exhibit emotional contagion and consolation behavior, the effects of group housing on stress-induced phenotypes in both males and females are not well established. Here, we investigated how the presence of stressed or unstressed conspecifics within a cage impact depression-related phenotypes. We housed male and female C57BL/6J mice in same-sex groups and subjected them to either gentle handling (GH) or the daily administration of corticosterone (CORT) for 10 days. The GH and CORT treatment groups were divided into cages of unmixed (GH or CORT) and mixed (GH and CORT) treatments. Depression-related phenotypes were measured using the forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test (SPT). We found that mixed housing alters FST behavior in a sex-specific manner. Male mice given chronic corticosterone (CORT) that were housed in the same cage as gently handled animals (GH) exhibited increased immobility, whereas GH females housed with CORT females demonstrated the opposite effect. This study underscores the importance of social housing conditions when evaluating stress-induced behavioral phenotypes and suggests that mixed cages of GH and CORT animals yield the greatest difference between treatment groups. The latter finding has important implications for identifying therapeutics capable of rescuing stress-induced behavioral deficits in the FST.
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Donaldson, Terence L. « “Gentile Christianity” as a Category in the Study of Christian Origins ». Harvard Theological Review 106, no 4 (octobre 2013) : 433–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816013000230.
Texte intégralRésumé :
At least since the time of Ferdinand Christian Baur in the mid-nineteenth century, the concepts of “Jewish Christianity” and “Gentile Christianity,” together with related binary pairs (Jewish Christian / Gentile Christian, Jews / Gentiles), have functioned as basic categories in the critical investigation of Christian origins. Adopting the voice of his hero Paul, Baur speaks of “my Gospel of Gentile Christianity, as opposed to Jewish Christianity,” the English terms renderingHeidenchristentumsandJudenchristentums, respectively. Speaking of Paul's success in establishing “a Gentile Christianity,” Baur says that “the greater the strides were which the Gospel made among the Gentiles, the greater was the importance which the Gentile Christians assumed over the Jewish Christians.” Such increase in importance notwithstanding, the “Jewish-Christian party opposed to [Paul],” he says, remained “powerful,” and the “conflict between the Pauline and Jewish Christianity” continued to mark the early history of the movement. The place of this conflict in Baur's reconstruction of Christian origins is well known, and his characteristic terminology is readily recognized.
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Jagnandan, Nicole, et Jose Morachis. « Microfluidic cell sorting for gentle isolation of immune cells. » Journal of Immunology 208, no 1_Supplement (1 mai 2022) : 173.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.173.10.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Isolation of specific immune cells is critical to biomedical research, however, techniques such as droplet-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting can mechanically irritate cells resulting in cell death or unwanted activation of immune cells that affect experimental analysis. Here we show that T cell subsets and neutrophils can be isolated using a low pressure (<2 psi) microfluidic cell sorter (WOLF G2®, NanoCellect®). These experiments show that this 11-parameter cell sorter can isolate complex cell types at high purity and high viability. In addition, due to the low-pressure microfluidic sorting mechanism, laminar flow reduces shear stress relative to traditional droplet sorters and cells remain functional and unaltered for subsequent experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate high quality single-cell genomics data when combined downstream with single-cell partitioning and plate-based workflows. These findings demonstrate a novel workflow for isolating immune cells using the next generation of cell sorters.
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Dasilva, Xosé Manuel. « Censura y autocensura en la autotraducción : Xente ao lonxe / Aquella gente…, de Eduardo Blanco Amor ». Hermēneus. Revista de traducción e interpretación, no 23 (7 janvier 2022) : 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24197/her.23.2021.125-149.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En el presente artículo se analiza la relevancia de la censura y la autocensura en el ámbito de la autotraducción. Ante la imprecisión que se aprecia con frecuencia en lo que respecta a la aplicación de ambas nociones en esta clase particular de traducción, inicialmente se realiza una propuesta teórica para que puedan distinguirse con claridad, fijando como criterio la existencia de un poder imperativo que se manifieste directamente o de forma latente. A continuación, se ejemplifica tal esquema conceptual con el estudio de caso que depara la novela Xente ao lonxe, de Eduardo Blanco Amor, escrita en gallego y autotraducida al español con el título Aquella gente.... En esta obra, el autor padeció los efectos de la censura franquista y, por temor al rechazo de las autoridades, al mismo tiempo se autocensuró.
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MAH, JAMES T. L., et K. S. CHIA. « A GENTLE INTRODUCTION TO SNP ANALYSIS : RESOURCES AND TOOLS ». Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 05, no 05 (octobre 2007) : 1123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720007003090.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bioinformatics is the use of informatics tools and techniques in the study of molecular biology, genetic, or clinical data. The field of bioinformatics has expanded tremendously to cope with the large expansion of information generated by the mouse and human genome projects, as newer generations of computers that are much more powerful have emerged in the commercial market. It is now possible to employ the computing hardware and software at hand to generate novel methodologies in order to link data across the different databanks generated by these international projects and derive clinical and biological relevance from all of the information gathered. The ultimate goal would be to develop a computer program that can provide information correlating genes, their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and the possible structural and functional effects on the encoded proteins with relation to known information on complex diseases with great ease and speed. Here, the recent developments of available software methods to analyze SNPs in relation to complex diseases are reviewed with emphasis on the type of predictions on protein structure and functions that can be made. The need for further development of comprehensive bioinformatics tools that can cope with information generated by the genomics communities is emphasized.
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Santos, Sergio, Victor Barcons, Josep Font et Albert Verdaguer. « Unlocking higher harmonics in atomic force microscopy with gentle interactions ». Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (11 mars 2014) : 268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.29.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In dynamic atomic force microscopy, nanoscale properties are encoded in the higher harmonics. Nevertheless, when gentle interactions and minimal invasiveness are required, these harmonics are typically undetectable. Here, we propose to externally drive an arbitrary number of exact higher harmonics above the noise level. In this way, multiple contrast channels that are sensitive to compositional variations are made accessible. Numerical integration of the equation of motion shows that the external introduction of exact harmonic frequencies does not compromise the fundamental frequency. Thermal fluctuations are also considered within the detection bandwidth of interest and discussed in terms of higher-harmonic phase contrast in the presence and absence of an external excitation of higher harmonics. Higher harmonic phase shifts further provide the means to directly decouple the true topography from that induced by compositional heterogeneity.
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Butler, Matthew G., Benedicta Forson, Maria Cowen, Jayanthi Ramprakash, Dana Ruminski Lowe et Yves Konigshofer. « Abstract 3760 : The importance of optimizing DNA extraction conditions for formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues ». Cancer Research 84, no 6_Supplement (22 mars 2024) : 3760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-3760.
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Abstract The pre-analytic extraction of Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Tissues (FFPETs) appears to have a profound effect on the ability to obtain meaningful data from the DNA therein. FFPETs represent important materials in Pathology that are used to diagnose and analyze cancer. As part of preparing FFPETs, the formalin fixation step preserves the structure of tissues through covalent modifications but can also damage nucleic acids through that same process. Over the last decade, the emergence of Molecular Pathology, which benefits from gentler fixation compared to Histopathology and especially Immunohistopathology, has led to changes in how FFPETs are prepared. However, the remnant FFPETs from over a decade ago may be far from representative of what is now prepared for Molecular Pathology by many laboratories. Here we discuss our optimization of FFPET extraction for gently fixed samples. When we prepared our Seraseq FFPE Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) reference standards using fixation conditions that are recommended for Molecular Pathology and extracted the resulting FFPETs using generic conditions, our initial coverage data from Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS) sequencing was difficult to analyze for changes in copy number across the genome. A major contributor to nonuniform coverage was identified as the formalin reversal step, where deparaffinized proteinase K-digested tissue is heated in water to near boiling to attempt to detach formaldehyde from nucleic acids through hydrolysis. Given the gentler fixation conditions, this step was found to be mostly unnecessary, and omitting it improved the resulting data substantially. A reason for this appears to be that the gentler fixation conditions that are now in use may not protect the DNA from the effects of near-boiling water, where the lack of salt lowers the melting temperature of double stranded DNA fragments and causes them to denature unless they have a higher GC content. Different kits used for the extraction of nucleic acids from FFPETs may benefit from different optimizations to obtain improved sequencing data from today’s Molecular pathology samples, and reference standards that represent such samples provide a useful tool for such optimizations. Citation Format: Matthew G. Butler, Benedicta Forson, Maria Cowen, Jayanthi Ramprakash, Dana Ruminski Lowe, Yves Konigshofer. The importance of optimizing DNA extraction conditions for formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3760.
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Szczot, Marcin, Jaquette Liljencrantz, Nima Ghitani, Arnab Barik, Ruby Lam, James H. Thompson, Diana Bharucha-Goebel et al. « PIEZO2 mediates injury-induced tactile pain in mice and humans ». Science Translational Medicine 10, no 462 (10 octobre 2018) : eaat9892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aat9892.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Tissue injury and inflammation markedly alter touch perception, making normally innocuous sensations become intensely painful. Although this sensory distortion, known as tactile allodynia, is one of the most common types of pain, the mechanism by which gentle mechanical stimulation becomes unpleasant remains enigmatic. The stretch-gated ion channel PIEZO2 has been shown to mediate light touch, vibration detection, and proprioception. However, the role of this ion channel in nociception and pain has not been resolved. Here, we examined the importance of Piezo2 in the cellular representation of mechanosensation using in vivo imaging in mice. Piezo2-knockout neurons were completely insensitive to gentle dynamic touch but still responded robustly to noxious pinch. During inflammation and after injury, Piezo2 remained essential for detection of gentle mechanical stimuli. We hypothesized that loss of PIEZO2 might eliminate tactile allodynia in humans. Our results show that individuals with loss-of-function mutations in PIEZO2 completely failed to develop sensitization and painful reactions to touch after skin inflammation. These findings provide insight into the basis for tactile allodynia, identify the PIEZO2 mechanoreceptor as an essential mediator of touch under inflammatory conditions, and suggest that this ion channel might be targeted for treating tactile allodynia.
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Angelo, Isabel, Smadar Naoz, Erik Petigura, Mason MacDougall, Alexander P. Stephan, Howard Isaacson et Andrew W. Howard. « Kepler-1656b’s Extreme Eccentricity : Signature of a Gentle Giant ». Astronomical Journal 163, no 5 (22 avril 2022) : 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac6094.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Highly eccentric orbits are one of the major surprises of exoplanets relative to the solar system and indicate rich and tumultuous dynamical histories. One system of particular interest is Kepler-1656, which hosts a sub-Jovian planet with an eccentricity of 0.8. Sufficiently eccentric orbits will shrink in the semimajor axis due to tidal dissipation of orbital energy during periastron passage. Here our goal was to assess whether Kepler-1656b is currently undergoing such high-eccentricity migration, and to further understand the system’s origins and architecture. We confirm a second planet in the system with M c = 0.40 ± 0.09 M jup and Pc = 1919 ± 27 days. We simulated the dynamical evolution of planet b in the presence of planet c and find a variety of possible outcomes for the system, such as tidal migration and engulfment. The system is consistent with an in situ dynamical origin of planet b followed by subsequent eccentric Kozai–Lidov perturbations that excite Kepler-1656b’s eccentricity gently, i.e., without initiating tidal migration. Thus, despite its high eccentricity, we find no evidence that planet b is or has migrated through the high-eccentricity channel. Finally, we predict the outer orbit to be mutually inclined in a nearly perpendicular configuration with respect to the inner planet orbit based on the outcomes of our simulations and make observable predictions for the inner planet’s spin–orbit angle. Our methodology can be applied to other eccentric or tidally locked planets to constrain their origins, orbital configurations, and properties of a potential companion.
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Denisova, A. V. « “Suffering Here is Obvious...” (“Gentle” by F. M. Dostoevsky in the Context of “Diary of a Writer” of 1876) ». Rossiiskii Gumanitarnyi Zhurnal 3, no 5 (2014) : 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.15643/libartrus-2014.5.7.
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Dahlberg-Dodd, Hannah E. « Voices of the hero : dominant masculine ideologies through the speech of Japanese shōnen protagonists ». Gender and Language 12, no 3 (14 juillet 2017) : 346–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/genl.32536.
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BOETTCHER, MICHAEL, MAGNUS S. JAEGER, LUTZ RIEGGER, JENS DUCRÉE, ROLAND ZENGERLE et CLAUS DUSCHL. « LAB-ON-CHIP-BASED CELL SEPARATION BY COMBINING DIELECTROPHORESIS AND CENTRIFUGATION ». Biophysical Reviews and Letters 01, no 04 (octobre 2006) : 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048006000306.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cell-based approaches in medicine, biotechnology and in pharmaceutical research offer unique prospects to cope with future challenges in the field of public health. Stem cell research, autologous cell therapies and tissue engineering are only a few possible key applications. Progress in these fields will depend on the successful implementation of versatile and flexible tools for the gentle manipulation and characterization of cells. In recent years, we and others have introduced microfluidic lab-on-chip systems that include dielectrophoretic elements for the contact-less handling and the analysis of cells. Here, we present results that were obtained by combining our labon-on-chip devices with a low-cost centrifugation stage for the efficient and gentle separation of microparticles and live human cells. Our approach is supposed to overcome limitations that arise from the use of bulky and expensive external pumping stages.
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Travers, Kevin, Chris Stevens, Susana Jett, Suzanne Weaver, Teddy de Groot, Stefan Ha, Geoff Facer et Kathy Lazaruk. « Abstract 2948 : A multimodal, label-free tool for gentle and efficient cell separation ». Cancer Research 82, no 12_Supplement (15 juin 2022) : 2948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2948.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract LevitasBio has developed the LeviCell™ platform, a powerful new technology for cell separation and characterization that utilizes magnetic fields to levitate cells. Unlike other methods, cell separation via magnetic levitation does not require dyes, antibodies or specific markers, and the cells are not modified or perturbed in any fashion. However, magnetic levitation also does not preclude the use of these tools to further enhance separation of cells. In its simplest form, magnetic levitation requires only the addition of an inert paramagnetic compound to the media in which the cells are suspended. The cells are subsequently introduced into an externally applied magnetic field while contained within a single-use cartridge, which causes the cells to levitate in solution. The cells’ intrinsic properties, including density and magnetic susceptibility, determine the height to which the cells levitate. As different cell types often have different such properties, they may often levitate to different heights, facilitating their separation. Continuous imaging allows for complete sample analysis and characterization with the benefit of real-time control over the cell separation. The simplicity of magnetic levitation enables cells to be treated gently without use of high pressure or other perturbations that commonly lead to increased cellular stress responses, specific cell type activation, or even cell death. The direct and gentle flow path leads to high yields of live cells even with very low input cell numbers. This novel cell separation technology enables a variety of applications, including: the enrichment of viable cells from dead/dying cells and debris; separation of different cell types possessing distinct densities; and, in cases where the intrinsic density changes, the separation of differentiated from undifferentiated cells. Given that the levitation chamber is flanked by two magnets on the top and bottom, the levitation technology also inherently allows for the use of magnetic particles to deplete undesired cells within a cell population. Here we illustrate the performance of anti-CD45 antibody-conjugated magnetic particles for CD45+ cell depletion with the LeviCell system. CD45+ depletion rates of greater than 99% are readily obtained across a wide range of total CD45+ input cell numbers, from 105 to 107 total cells. Furthermore, CD45+ cell depletion is performed simultaneously with live cell enrichment, allowing for the collection of a high viability CD45- live cell population. Citation Format: Kevin Travers, Chris Stevens, Susana Jett, Suzanne Weaver, Teddy de Groot, Stefan Ha, Geoff Facer, Kathy Lazaruk. A multimodal, label-free tool for gentle and efficient cell separation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2948.
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Salti, Rasha. « Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night : Film Festivals, Pandemic, Aftermath ». Film Quarterly 74, no 1 (2020) : 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2020.74.1.88.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rasha Salti surveys the changed landscape of film festivals forced to move online as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and questions what the future holds for an industry in which the opportunity for face-to-face contact serves as a raison d’être. Drawing upon her recent experience as a participant at the 2020 online editions of the documentary film festivals CPH: DOX, Visions du Réel, and Hot Docs, Salti assesses the pros and cons of their virtual format, from the reduced carbon footprint and absence of jet lag provided by virtual attendance to the loss of the special alchemy of in person meetings and the power of the “here and now.” Noting how film festivals are complicit in the collective destruction of the environment that the COVID-19 pandemic has made impossible to ignore, Salti urges a reconsideration of the paradigms that dictate how international coproduction film markets operate.
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Boehme, Rebecca, Helene van Ettinger-Veenstra, Håkan Olausson, Björn Gerdle et Saad S. Nagi. « Anhedonia to Gentle Touch in Fibromyalgia : Normal Sensory Processing but Abnormal Evaluation ». Brain Sciences 10, no 5 (18 mai 2020) : 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10050306.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Social touch is important for interpersonal interaction. Gentle touch and slow brushing are typically perceived as pleasant, the degree of pleasantness is linked to the activity of the C-tactile (CT) fibers, a class of unmyelinated nerves in the skin. The inability to experience pleasure in general is called anhedonia, a common phenomenon in the chronic pain condition fibromyalgia. Here, we studied the perception and cortical processing of gentle touch in a well-characterized cohort of fibromyalgia. Patients and controls participated in functional brain imaging while receiving tactile stimuli (brushing) on the forearm. They were asked to provide ratings of pleasantness of the tactile stimulus and ongoing pain. We found high distress, pain catastrophizing, and insomnia, and a low perceived state of health in fibromyalgia. Further, patients rated both slow (CT-optimal) and fast (CT-suboptimal) brushing as less pleasant than healthy participants. While there was no difference in brain activity during touch, patients showed deactivation in the right posterior insula (contralateral to the stimulated arm) during pleasantness rating and activation during pain rating. The opposite pattern was observed in healthy participants. Voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed reduced grey matter density in patients, in the bilateral hippocampus and anterior insula. Our results suggest anhedonia to gentle touch in fibromyalgia with intact early-stage sensory processing but dysfunctional evaluative processing. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying anhedonia in fibromyalgia.
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Palii, A. P., Y. O. Kovalchuk et Y. A. Boyko. « Impact of various milking equipment on incidence of mastitis in dairy herd ». Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no 5 (20 octobre 2020) : 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_224.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It was found that the lowest percentage of cows with mastitis was recorded in winter: 10.3% (P≤0.001) when milking with ‘De Laval’ equipment and 17.7% (P≤0.001) when milking with the ADM-8A unit. The highest incidence of mastitis in cows was observed in summer: 21.0% (P≤0.001) and 27.1% (P≤0.001), respectively, when milking cows at milking parlors ‘De Laval’ and ADM-8A. It was found that, when using milking equipment ADM-8A, adult cows are 2.1-1.7 times more prone to mastitis compared to cows of the 1st and 2nd calving. When milking cows with the ‘De Laval’ unit, the incidence of mastitis in adult cows is 4.3-1.1 times higher than in cows of the 1st and 2nd calving. Gentle milking mode on the ‘De Laval’ equipment allowed to increase the number of completely healthy animals to 74%, which is 9.6% more than when using the milking unit ADM-8A (64.4%), and to reduce the incidence of clinical mastitis in cows by 3.4 times. It has been established that in cows with disorders in the udder the content of somatic cells in the secretion of the udder significantly changes (with a high degree of correlation) in all periods of the functional state of the body. Thus, during subclinical mastitis r=l0.72 (P≤0.001) and udder irritation r=l0.58 (P≤0.05). At the beginning of lactation, subclinical mastitis is accompanied with significant changes in the activity of enzymes: muramidase r=l0.84 (P≤0.001), lactoperoxidase r=l0.65 (P≤0.01) and lactoferrin r=l0.66 (P≤0.01).
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Joshi, Mrudula, Shital Rasane, Neelesh Patil et Vinayak Joshi. « PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HERBO-MINERAL HAIR DYE FOR PREMATURE HAIR GRAYING ». International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 15, no 2 (30 avril 2024) : 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15242.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Premature Hair Graying (PHG/ Canities) is the burning problem of today’s society. Despite extensive research, the treatment for PHG is still unsatisfactory. Ayurveda considers Palitya (premature hair graying) as an ailment of vitiated Pitta dosha (deranged functional factor of the body responsible for digestion and metabolism). Ayurveda therapeutics can provide the natural solution to this problem without adverse effects and also can prevent the recurrence. Objective: In present research work, attempts are made to formulate unique, safe and effective herbomineral hair dye (Keshranjak yog) an Ayurvedic formulation. The prepared formulation is also evaluated for its efficiency through various organoleptic, phytochemical and physicochemical parameters. Results: The pH of prepared herbomineral hair dye was found to be 6 which is close to neutral; to suit the requirements of different scalp and hair types. Total phenolic content (8.1%±0.7), total flavonoid content (6±1.2) of prepared sample were found to be acceptable and within limit. Conclusion: The dyeing effect of the developed dye may be attributed to keshya (good for hair), Kesharanjak (hair coloring) properties according to Ayurveda and presence of tannins, phenols as per pharmaceutics. Nowadays natural remedies are widely accepted as they are safer with minimal side effects as compared to the chemical hair dye. Kesharanjak yog may provide vital nourishment to the scalp skin and can color the hair in an utmost gentle manner. Due to nontoxic nature can act as public healthcare product.
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Iwata, Koichiro, et Shunji Itoh. « LENGTHS OF RUNS OF JUST BREAKING AND BROKEN WAVES IN IRREGULAR WAVE TRAIN ON GENTLE SLOPES ». Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no 20 (29 janvier 1986) : 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.89.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper is aimed to investigate theoretically and experimentally the variations of the probability distribution and mean values of the run length and total run length of just breaking and broken waves in an irregular wave train on gentle slopes. The theoretical model developed here is shown to be valid for evaluating the lengths of runs of just and broken waves from deep water up to the shoreline.
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CHOCHINOV, H. M. « Reflections on losing a friend ». Palliative and Supportive Care 1, no 2 (juin 2003) : 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951503030323.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Four days after Mother's Day, May 15, 2003, my dear friend Marcy Dempsey passed away. Her personal reflection, “A Toolbox for Living: Cancer Reflections” can be read within the current issue of Palliative and Supportive Care (P&SC). I do wish she were still here, not so much just to see this piece come out, but to grace us longer with her gentle spirit, boundless energy, and sage wisdom.
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S. EVANS, Ian. « The erosion of glaciated mountains : evidence from hypsoclinometry ». Revista de Geomorfologie 21, no 1 (24 décembre 2019) : 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21094/rg.2019.006.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mountain glaciation involves the erosion of cirques and troughs, which increase steep slopes but also produce gentle slopes in cirque floors and trough floors. This is expected to increase the variability of slope gradients at related altitudes. Taking a whole mountain range, its distributions of altitude and slope can be analysed to establish a signal of glacial modification. Frequency distributions of altitude (hypsometry) and gradient (clinometry) alone do not seem adequate. Taking these two variables together – hypsoclinometry, plotting slope gradient against altitude – is more promising. Frequency distributions of slope gradient at different altitudes are exemplified here for mountain ranges in British Columbia and Romania, together with altitudinal variations of steep or gentle slopes. Cirque headwalls give the clearest morphometric signature of glaciation. Steep (especially the steepest) slopes are concentrated at cirque altitudes, increasing mean, median, standard deviation (SD) and inter-quartile range (IQR) of gradients, especially above cirque floors. There is only a small increase in SD and IQR at cirque floor altitudes. Hypsometric maxima and increased proportions of gentle slopes at cirque floor altitudes are clear only in mountain ranges densely occupied by cirques. This relates to the small proportion of each cirque (about 28%) occupied by the floor. Concentrations of steep slope aspects in directions favoured by local glaciers provide further evidence of glacial modification. The most general morphometric effect of glaciation, however, is the increase in steep slopes at cirque headwall altitudes. Thus it is possible to rank mountain ranges by degree of glacial modification.
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Bojanowski, Michel W., Moujahed Labidi, Nathalie L’Ecuyer et Chiraz Chaalala. « Supracerebellar transtentorial resection of a ruptured thalamomesencephalic cavernous malformation ». Neurosurgical Focus : Video 1, no 1 (juillet 2019) : V10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.7.focusvid.19164.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thalamomesencephalic cavernous malformations are located high in the brainstem and may be difficult to reach. We present a case of such a lesion which was successfully approached via the supracerebellar transtentorial route. Our enclosed video provides elements to justify this posterior approach and illustrates the steps required for the cavernoma’s safe removal, which include opening of the tentorium and gentle retraction of the exposed temporal lobe.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/Ex5OfLyBzPY.
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Khan, Pervaiz. « South Africa : from apartheid to xenophobia ». Race & ; Class 63, no 1 (juillet 2021) : 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063968211020889.
Texte intégralRésumé :
How to explain the violent xenophobic attacks in South Africa in recent years? Two militant South African activists, Leonard Gentle and Noor Nieftagodien, interviewed here, analyse the race/class bases for the anti-foreigner violence in terms of the echoes/reverberations of apartheid and the rise of neoliberalism. They argue that remnants of apartheid have endured through the reproduction of racial and tribal categories, which has contributed to the entrenchment of exclusionary nationalist politics and the fragmentation of black unity. South Africa’s specific history of capitalist development, the African National Congress’s embraces of neoliberalism, on the one hand, and rainbowism, on the other, have produced the underlying conditions of precarity and desperation that resulted in the normalisation of xenophobia. The unions, too, have failed to recognise the new shape of the ‘working class’. Gentle and Nieftagodien outline the need to contend with the broader social conditions, the global economic crisis, neoliberalism and the deep inequalities it engenders in order to counteract the rising tide of xenophobia and build working-class unity.
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Botha, S., D. Baitan, K. E. J. Jungnickel, D. Oberthür, C. Schmidt, S. Stern, M. O. Wiedorn, M. Perbandt, H. N. Chapman et C. Betzel. « De novo protein structure determination by heavy-atom soaking in lipidic cubic phase and SIRAS phasing using serial synchrotron crystallography ». IUCrJ 5, no 5 (8 août 2018) : 524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518009223.
Texte intégralRésumé :
During the past few years, serial crystallography methods have undergone continuous development and serial data collection has become well established at high-intensity synchrotron-radiation beamlines and XFEL radiation sources. However, the application of experimental phasing to serial crystallography data has remained a challenging task owing to the inherent inaccuracy of the diffraction data. Here, a particularly gentle method for incorporating heavy atoms into micrometre-sized crystals utilizing lipidic cubic phase (LCP) as a carrier medium is reported. Soaking in LCP prior to data collection offers a new, efficient and gentle approach for preparing heavy-atom-derivative crystals directly before diffraction data collection using serial crystallography methods. This approach supports effective phasing by utilizing a reasonably low number of diffraction patterns. Using synchrotron radiation and exploiting the anomalous scattering signal of mercury for single isomorphous replacement with anomalous scattering (SIRAS) phasing resulted in high-quality electron-density maps that were sufficient for building a complete structural model of proteinase K at 1.9 Å resolution using automatic model-building tools.
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Howell, Mariah M., Rolf Gossmann et Carole T. Gee. « A modified, step-by-step procedure for the gentle bleaching of delicate fossil leaf cuticles ». Fossil Imprint 78, no 2 (2022) : 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.019.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cuticular analysis has long been used by palaeobotanists for the identification of fossil leaves, and a variety of chemical procedures has been developed to extract and prepare fossil cuticles. However, even commonly used solutions may be too harsh for the preparation of extremely delicate cuticles. Here we offer a step-by-step protocol for the preparation of fragile conifer cuticles using sodium hypochlorite, otherwise known as household bleach. Conifer needles from the Miocene lignites of the Adendorf and Hambach open-mine pits in western Germany were prepared using a mild solution of this oxidizing agent. The cuticles had proven to be too fragile for most maceration chemicals, including Schulze’s reagent, which even disintegrated the cuticles that were given a protective coating. However, it was discovered that trimming the leaf margins and damaged areas prior to a short exposure to 5–10% sodium hypochlorite solution resulted in the good preparation of the cuticle. Furthermore, this modified method allowed for the preparation of large areas of leaf. While this procedure may not be suitable for all cuticles, it is offered here as an easy and gentle method for preparing extremely delicate conifer cuticles that are destroyed by other chemicals and protocols.
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Deleule, Didier. « Francis Bacon : prolonger la vie, aider ŕ mourir ». RIVISTA DI STORIA DELLA FILOSOFIA, no 1 (février 2012) : 81–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sf2012-001007.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Following a common ambition in his time, Francis Bacon reflected on the ways to preserve the self, heal the sick and above all extend life. Here as elsewhere, he did not fail to detect the shortcomings (desiderata) affecting the study of phenomena. Nevertheless, what is truly new – encapsulated in the neologism euthanasia – is the recommendation, when suffering becomes unbearable, not that old-fashioned suicide should be committed but, rather, that technical assistance should be given able to provide a gentle death.
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Montanari, Mariele, Sabrina Burattini, Caterina Ciacci, Patrizia Ambrogini, Silvia Carloni, Walter Balduini, Daniele Lopez, Giovanna Panza, Stefano Papa et Barbara Canonico. « Automated—Mechanical Procedure Compared to Gentle Enzymatic Tissue Dissociation in Cell Function Studies ». Biomolecules 12, no 5 (14 mai 2022) : 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12050701.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The first step to obtain a cellular suspension from tissues is the disaggregation procedure. The cell suspension method has to provide a representative sample of the different cellular subpopulations and to maximize the number of viable functional cells. Here, we analyzed specific cell functions in cell suspensions from several rat tissues obtained by two different methods, automated–mechanical and enzymatic disaggregation. Flow cytometric, confocal, and ultrastructural (TEM) analyses were applied to the spleen, testis, liver and other tissues. Samples were treated by an enzymatic trypsin solution or processed by the Medimachine II (MMII). The automated–mechanical and enzymatic disaggregation procedures have shown to work similarly in some tissues, which displayed comparable amounts of apoptotic/necrotic cells. However, cells obtained by the enzyme-free Medimachine II protocols show a better preservation lysosome and mitochondria labeling, whereas the enzymatic gentle dissociation appears to constantly induce a lower amount of intracellular ROS; nevertheless, lightly increased ROS can be recognized as a complimentary signal to promote cell survival. Therefore, MMII represents a simple, fast, and standardized method for tissue processing, which allows to minimize bias arising from the operator’s ability. Our study points out technical issues to be adopted for specific organs and tissues to obtain functional cells.
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Bolender, Karin. « If Not for Her Spots ». Humanimalia 10, no 1 (26 mai 2021) : 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9527.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This essay explores an interdisciplinary art practice of un/naming rooted in the complex fascination of one human artist with a special breed of domestic beast of burden, known as the American Spotted Ass. Through almost two decades of creative adventures — and, more importantly, daily care and intimate becomings with one gentle, wise tri-colored donkey and her herd of kin — this practice has explored fertile cracks found within hidden histories and colorful promises of this peculiarly “American” ass breed. For all the critical questions and biopolitical frissons that append to the act of splattering spots onto the hides of unassuming Equus asinus, I reckon here with a certain complicity, with knotty shames and passions borne in the privileges of breeding domestic species to suit cultural and personal tastes. After all, it was those troublesome spots that brought me to meet her in the first place, and so to live long and happily with a beloved barnyard companion, one special so-called spotted ass respectfully (un)named Aliass.
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Wang, Shunzhong, Guang Qi et Benjamin O. Knapp. « Topography Affects Tree Species Distribution and Biomass Variation in a Warm Temperate, Secondary Forest ». Forests 10, no 10 (10 octobre 2019) : 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10100895.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A thorough understanding of carbon storage patterns in forest ecosystems is crucial for forest management to slow the rate of climate change. Here, we explored fine-scale biomass spatial patterns in a secondary warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest in north China. A 20-ha plot was established and classified by topographic features into ridge, valley, gentle slope, and steep slope habitats. Total tree biomass varied from 103.8 Mg/ha on the gentle slope habitats to 117.4 Mg/ha on the ridge habitats, with an average biomass of 109.6 Mg/ha across the entire plot. A few species produced the majority of the biomass, with five species contributing 78.4% of the total tree biomass. These five species included Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb (41.7 Mg/ha, 38.1%), Betula dahurica Pall. (19.8 Mg/ha, 18.0%), Acer mono Maxim. (12.6 Mg/ha, 11.5%), Betula platyphylla Suk. (7.0 Mg/ha, 6.4%), and Populus davidiana Dode. (4.8 Mg/ha, 4.4%). The five species were also associated with certain habitats; for example, Q. mongolica was positively associated with the ridge habitat and A. mono was positively associated with the valley habitat. Results from this work document the variability in forest biomass across a warm temperate forest ecosystem of north China, with implications for managing and accounting forest carbon.
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Kiss, Kármen Anita, Viktória Kapcsándi, Rebeka Ligeti et Erika Hanczné Lakatos. « Microbial assessment of potential functional dairy products with added dried herbs ». Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no 1 (20 mai 2020) : 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3727.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The market of dairy products is a dynamically developing sector of the food industry. Potential, functional dairy products, made by adding herbs or spices, will have antimicrobial and antioxidant effect due to the active biochemical agents of the plant additives. Furthermore, these active components will widen the storage life of food products and enhance their organoleptic properties too. We worked out a technology for creating fresh cheeses using a gentle pasteurizing method by treating the mixture of raw milk and 1.5% fat contained in commercial milk. As herb additives, we used citronella (Melissa officinalis), and peppermint (Mentha x piperita) harvested by us and dried them via Tyndall-method in convective dryer on 40 °C for 5.5 hours per day. The drying period took three days. We bought dried citronella and mint from the supermarket, which were dried by ionizing radiation, to compare the microbiological pollution with the herbs dried by us.
The main target of this research was to create a microbiologically stable, potential functional dairy product. However, because of the bad quality of the raw milk and the gentle heat treatment we used for sterilizing bulk milk, or else, cheeses were not safe for human consumption. As a consequence, we need further studies to modify our technology and get a microbiologically stable product.
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Sinatra, Nina R., Clark B. Teeple, Daniel M. Vogt, Kevin Kit Parker, David F. Gruber et Robert J. Wood. « Ultragentle manipulation of delicate structures using a soft robotic gripper ». Science Robotics 4, no 33 (28 août 2019) : eaax5425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aax5425.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Here, we present ultragentle soft robotic actuators capable of grasping delicate specimens of gelatinous marine life. Although state-of-the-art soft robotic manipulators have demonstrated gentle gripping of brittle animals (e.g., corals) and echinoderms (e.g., sea cucumbers) in the deep sea, they are unable to nondestructively grasp more fragile soft-bodied organisms, such as jellyfish. Through an exploration of design parameters and laboratory testing of individual actuators, we confirmed that our nanofiber-reinforced soft actuators apply sufficiently low contact pressure to ensure minimal harm to typical jellyfish species. We then built a gripping device using several actuators and evaluated its underwater grasping performance in the laboratory. By assessing the gripper’s region of acquisition and robustness to external forces, we gained insight into the necessary precision and speed with which grasping maneuvers must be performed to achieve successful collection of samples. Last, we demonstrated successful manipulation of three live jellyfish species in an aquarium setting using a hand-held prototype gripper. Overall, our ultragentle gripper demonstrates an improvement in gentle sample collection compared with existing deep-sea sampling devices. Extensions of this technology may improve a variety of in situ characterization techniques used to study the ecological and genetic features of deep-sea organisms.
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Grimley, Edward C., Jon Roussey, Chia Ku, Tiffany Snow, Casey Wegner et Brandon H. McNaughton. « Buoyancy Activated Cell Separation (BACS™) Microbubbles for Lysis and Ficoll Free Processing of Leukopaks ». Journal of Immunology 208, no 1_Supplement (1 mai 2022) : 173.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.173.17.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Leukopaks are highly-enriched apheresis product containing large numbers of mononuclear cells. In applications where large numbers of primary immune cells are required, leukopaks offer an ideal starting material. For this reason, leukopaks are a vital source material for immunophenotyping studies, cell therapy manufacturing, and pharmaceutical development. The enrichment of leukocytes from leukopaks have traditionally required an upfront density gradient separation to remove red blood cells (RBCs) which has made leukopak processing time consuming, inefficient, and inconsistent. To overcome these obstacles, Akadeum has developed a gentle and effective approach for density gradient and lysis-free processing of leukopaks that is based on our proprietary Buoyancy Activated Cell Sorting (BACS™) Microbubbles. Here we report on the isolation of untouched T cell and CD4+ T cell populations directly from leukopak material. Untouched T cells and CD4+ T cells were isolated in roughly 30 minutes using our quick and easy protocol. T cells were isolated with a final purity of 91.8% while CD4+ T cells were isolated with a final purity of 93.9%. In addition to high purity, we achieved greater than 90% recovery of both cell populations. These data clearly demonstrate the value of Akadeum’s easy, gentle, and effective sample preparation platform.
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Wilson, Susan C. « The Role of Play in the Social Development of Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) Pups with Comparative Notes on the Harbour Seal (Phoca vitulina) ». Animals 14, no 14 (17 juillet 2024) : 2086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14142086.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Juvenile grey seals are known to be highly social, interacting with contact behaviours interpreted as gentle play. However, minimal sociality of pups with their mothers and among weaned pups has been suggested. The present study aimed to observe the natural social interactions of pups to track the early ontogeny of their sociality. Pup behaviour at a salt marsh colony on the east coast of England was video-recorded. Pups interacted with their mothers around suckling bouts and after weaning as they gathered around pools. The records were transcribed to spreadsheets in 30 s time segments to estimate the frequency and co-occurrence of different behaviours. Mother-pup interaction comprised nosing contacts and sometimes contact play, involving one laying the head and fore-flipper over the other. Initial weaned pup encounters involved tentative nosing and defensive splashing, indicating contact shyness. However, socially orientated locomotor play, supine posturing, and exaggerated raising of fore- and hind-flippers led to reduced shyness and pups following one another towards the sea. Archive data on subadult interactions and on harbour seal behaviours were re-analysed. Gentle play-like contact between mother–pup, juvenile, and adult pairs is interpreted here as a universal mode of social bonding, underscoring the social structure of both grey and harbour seals.