Bibliographies thématiques / Gentle hero

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Gentle hero »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 juillet 2024
Mis à jour le 28 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Gentle hero"

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Keldibekova, Zh K. « THEMATIC-PROBLEMATIC AND PLOT-COMPOSITIONAL FEATURES OF THE STORIES OF ZH. JAPIEV ». Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no 1-2021 (22 mars 2021) : 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2021.1.53-56.

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In the article we tried to analyze the thematic-problematic and plot-compositional features of the stories of the talented writer Zhylkychy Japiev “Nostalgia” (“Kusalyk”), “Let's go to Son-Kul” (“Son-Kolgo barabyz”), “Fate” (“Tagdyr”) . The hero of the story "Fate" through his author's "I" with gentle humor, skillfully draws "heroes of our time", criticizing them. In the image of his hero, the author criticizes social indifference, lack of civic position, laziness of the soul.
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Cooper, Hyson. « "The Hero of This Little History" ». Boyhood Studies 4, no 1 (1 mars 2010) : 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/thy.0401.3.

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Using Anthony Trollope’s character Tom Tringle ofAyala’s Angel, I argue that in his portrayal of the hobbledehoy, Trollope is imposing on Victorian boys and young men a code of behavior every bit as restrictive and every bit as unnatural as the “suffer and be still” doctrine imposed on girls and young women. Using critical tools from the fields of Masculinity Studies and studies of literary character, I discuss Trollope’s portrayal of Tom Tringle as emblematic of the restrictions Victorian gender ideology placed on women. What emerges is a new dimension to Victorian gender studies. The admonition addressed to Victorian women of all ages and classes that they should “suffer and be still” in the face of any adversity is well known, and is often accompanied by the assumption that no similar restriction is placed on boys and men. In the world of Anthony Trollope’s novels, however, unlike that of many other Victorian novelists, women seldom need much taming, as obedience is a strong character trait in the majority of his heroines. His young men, on the other hand, tend to be far less morally evolved, and in Trollope’s love plots, if anyone has to undergo profound changes of character before being fit for marriage, it is usually the man. I argue that Trollope’s stern but gentle treatment of the misfit Tom provides further answers to the often debated question of Trollopes relative conservatism.
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N.M, Kavitha. « Biological and Foster Mothers in Kamba Ramayanam ». International Research Journal of Tamil 3, no 1 (22 novembre 2020) : 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt2115.

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Rama, the hero of Ramayana is worshipped by the people. Biological and foster mothers of Rama, the great are really fortunate. The hero of Kamba Ramyanam was manifested more with his foster mother rather than his biological mother. Thus he had two mothers. Kosalai, Rama’s biological mother was stable in all the situations and showed maturity in her behaviour. Bharathan, who was fostered by Kosalai was also an esteemed gentle person. Kaikeyi, the foster mother of Rama was affectionate to Rama than Bharathan, her own son. But her infidelity towards Rama by becoming a prey to the conspiracy of kūni Mautharai shown her inner love towards her son Bharathan. Kosalai stood in esteemed status as a biological as well as a foster mother.
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Moumita Sarkar. « Draupadi – The ‘he’ in ‘her’ : A blend of the Sinister and the Gentle ». Creative Saplings 2, no 02 (25 mai 2023) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56062/gtrs.2023.2.02.283.

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Draupadi, the co-wife of the Pandava brothers, is an important character in the epic. She is known to have been the quintessence of beauty and femininity. Her life has largely been a plausible canvass of determination and a majestic display of integrity. She is often regarded as the first feminist voice who had raised concerns about women’s rights, wife’s rights and husband’s authority over the wife. Yet, there has been an enigmatic aspect to her character. The more one delves deeper into her character, the more one is confounded with Draupadi’s heroism. Her strength of character and unyielding will makes her a hero, more heroic and greater than the others. And hence, the paper tries to explore the heroic nature of Draupadi’s character- to unravel the ‘he’ in ‘her’.
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Kramer-Hajos, Margaretha. « The Land and the Heroes of Lokris in the Iliad ». Journal of Hellenic Studies 132 (6 septembre 2012) : 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075426912000079.

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AbstractThe presentation of Lokris and the Lokrians in the Iliad is problematic. The entry for Lokris in the Catalogue lists an unusually large number of towns for such a small area, but many of those towns are obscure. Despite the small size of the region of Lokris, it has given the epic not one but two major heroes of very different characters: the Lokrian commander Oilean Aias and Patroklos, Achilles' friend and warrior companion. Although Aias is praised in the Catalogue entry as the greatest of Homeric warriors, elsewhere in the Iliad he is only a second-rank hero and his men, the Lokrians, are relatively insignificant archers. Seeking a resolution of these difficulties, this paper integrates information derived from the text of the Iliad with what is known of the topography and archaeology of Lokris between the Late Mycenaean and Archaic periods. It is concluded that Aias, the more traditional hero, is firmly embedded in Lokris, whereas Patroklos, who appears to be ‘reinvented’ by the poet of the Iliad, has no traditional connection to the land. The contrast between these heroes may reflect the division between the mountainous Epiknemidian and the urban Opountian parts of Lokris. Oilean Aias encapsulates the ancient virtues of the mountain warrior and is linked with Epiknemidian Lokris; Patroklos, with his gentle disposition, is representative of the citizen of the polis and as such is linked to Opous, the capital of Lokris.
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Lefkowitz, Mary R. « ‘Impiety’ and ‘Atheism’ in Euripides' Dramas ». Classical Quarterly 39, no 1 (mai 1989) : 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800040489.

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In the surviving plays of Aeschylus and Sophocles the gods appear to men only rarely. In theEumenidesApollo and Athena intervene to bring acquittal to Orestes. In Sophocles'PhiloctetesHeracles appearsex machinato ensure that the hero returns to Troy, and we learn from a messenger how the gods have summoned the aged Oedipus to a hero's tomb. In Sophocles'AjaxAthena drives Ajax mad and taunts him cruelly.Prometheus Bound(assuming that it is by Aeschylus) might seem to be an exception, since all but one of its characters are gods. But nonetheless the intervention of the gods in the life of the one human character, Io, brings pain and trouble as well as promise of benefit. Io has been driven mad because she has refused to obey the dreams that tell her to go to the meadow where Zeus wants to have intercourse with her. The god does not make his request in person, and it is only in the course of her wanderings that Io learns how Zeus will bring a gentle end to her sufferings. Her informant is another god, Zeus' adversary Prometheus, who answers her questions, at times grudgingly (778), and in ways that are not immediately clear to her (775).
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Sayegh, Majida. « Alexis ou l’initiation au fil de l’eau : Approche mythocritique ». European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no 2 (31 janvier 2022) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n2p19.

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S’il y avait une définition qui pourrait résumer le cheminement d’Alexis, le héros du Chercheur d’or de Le Clézio, elle serait le rêve et l’apprentissage au fil de l’eau. Cet amoureux des forces naturelles se trouve submergé par le désir de l’élément aquatique sous toutes ses formes. Dès l’enfance jusqu’à l’âge adulte et malgré les nombreux initiateurs qui l’ont accompagné, l’eau reste son initiatrice mythique par excellence. Opposée à la terre et au feu, elle représente l’élément qui est à la base de la mort initiatique et de la résurrection. En effet, la symbolique de l’eau évolue parallèlement avec la personnalité du héros : d’une figure maternelle bien douce à un espace de rêve atavique et mythique qui cherche une forme, vers une femme amoureuse et initiatrice pour arriver finalement à une force primordiale qui résume tous les principes fondamentaux de la vie de tous les êtres. If there were a definition that could summarize the journey of Alexis, the hero of Le Clézio's The Prospector (original French title: Le Chercheur d’Or), it would be dreams and learning along water. This lover of the natural forces is overwhelmed by the desire for the aquatic element under all its forms. From childhood to adulthood and in spite of the many mentors who have accompanied him, water remains his one true mythical teacher. Opposed to earth and fire, it represents the element at the root of death and resurrection. Indeed, the symbolism of water evolves in parallel with the personality of the hero: from a gentle mother figure to an atavistic and mythical dreamscape that seeks form. Towards a woman in love and initiating to finally arrive at a primordial force that summarizes all the fundamental principles of life and of all beings.
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Bermejo Larrea, Esperanza. « «El espacio construido, el banquete y la fiesta en Durmart le Galois» ». Revista de Literatura Medieval 29 (21 décembre 2018) : 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/rpm.2017.29.0.69391.

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Resumen: Durmart le Galois no es una novela artúrica convencional. Los caballeros de la Tabla Redonda son relegados a un segundo plano frente al protagonismo que cobra el héroe epónimo. Su estructura carece de una etapa de crisis personal o social del héroe, de forma que la aventura constituye un itinerario cuyas etapas se despliegan a través de una vasta geografía. Los castillos y ciudades se imponen sobre otros espacios salvajes, como el bosque, más frecuentes en otras obras caballerescas. La descripción de estos lugares construidos parte de los cánones establecidos por la tradición literaria, pero se aleja después y muestra un espacio amable, abierto a la sociabilidad y al entretenimiento. El ambiente festivo inunda la novela y encuentra su culminación en el banquete, con sus rituales y su protocolo. En torno a la mesa, los comensales intercambian conversaciones que mar- carán el progreso de la intriga.Palabras clave: espacio, sociabilidad, banquete, fiesta.Abstract: Durmart le Galois is not a conventional Arthurian novel. The knights of the Round Table are pushed into the background, while relevance is given to the eponymous hero. Its structure lacks a stage of personal or social crisis of the hero, so, adventure covers an itinerary whose stages are displayed throughout a vast geography. Castles and cities replace other wild spaces, such as the forest, which are more frequent in other chivalric works. The description of these built-up spaces starts from the pre-established literary canons, but later it moves away from conventions, and it depicts a gentle space, which is open to sociability and entertainment. A merry atmosphere floods the novel, and it reaches its climax in the banquet, with its rituals and protocol. Around the table, guests exchange conversa- tions, which will influence the unfolding of the plot.Keywords: space, sociability, banquet, party.
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Terci, Mahmut. « The Gentleman of Birth : Oliver Twist ». European Journal of Language and Literature 4, no 1 (30 avril 2016) : 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v4i1.p104-116.

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As the focus in this article is mainly on Dickens’s descriptions of the gentleman of birth in Oliver Twist, selected extracts from the novel as well as critics’ opinions will help us analyze the gentlemanly attitudes of the main characters connected to their noble origin and gentle manners. While Oliver opens his eyes in poor conditions, he always feels that he has noble blood. Dickens believes that manners not social status make people true gentlemen yet, he mixes the ‘noble origin’ issue in his novel Oliver Twist, probably as a result of the Victorian people’s perception of ‘gentility’ which was very close to the concept of ‘nobility’. Since Dickens added the flavor of ‘noble’ birth, his naïve nature as well as his perceptions – the way how he interprets people’s behavior and things which happen around him and which construct his identity, his pure heart and his fate (reference to his belief and sincere praying) remarkably influence the positive changes in his life time. Dickens’s little hero, Oliver Twist, while naturally appreciating goodness, is disgusted by immoral things like ‘stealing,’ which was unfortunately happening around. What are the main factors that shape his kind, noble and naïve character? Is it ‘nature’ or ‘nurture’? What could be the major reasons for Nancy, Rose and Mr. Brownlow to give their assistance to Oliver? Whose –Mr. Brownlow’s or Fagin’s– teachings or influences are welcomed by Oliver? The answers to these questions will eventually illustrate how gentlemanly manners are inherited or acquired by Oliver.
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Xinyue, Bobby. « THE DIDOS OF BOOK FOUR : GENDER, GENRE, AND THEAENEIDIN PROPERTIUS 4.3 AND 4.4 ». Greece and Rome 65, no 2 (17 septembre 2018) : 218–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383518000165.

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In the second poem of Propertius’ fourth book, the form-shifting deity Vertumnus claims that he is suited to any role that he is associated with because he can appear convincingly as a girl or a man:indue me Cois: fiam non dura puella; /meque uirum sumpta quis neget esse toga?(‘dress me in Coan silk, I shall be a gentle maiden: and who would say that I am not a man when I don the toga?’, 4.2.23–4). Later in Propertius 4.9, another gender ambiguous character, Hercules, while trying to gain entry into the shrine of the Bona Dea, boasts that he had woven and performed a handmaiden's service (4.9.47–50):idem ego Sidonia feci seruilia pallaofficia et Lydo pensa diurna colo;mollis et hirsutum cinxit mihi fascia pectus,et manibus duris apta puella fui.I have also done the tasks of a slave-girl in a Sidonian gownand worked at the daily burden of the Lydian distaff.A soft breastband has surrounded my shaggy chest,and with my hard hands I was a fitting girl.Scholars have noted that the language used by Propertius to depict gender inversion in these episodes has profound implications for understanding the generic complexity of the poet's new, more aetiological, fourth book. DeBrohun points out that, when Hercules recalls the soft (mollis) breastband on his hairy (hirsutum) chest – a contrast further substantiated by his claim that he had become apuellawith rough hands (manibus duris) – the hero ‘softens’ his appearance in terms that resonate strongly with the Augustan poets’ expression of the terminology of Callimachean poetics, thus allowing readers to interpret this scene as an act of generic realignment that symbolizes Book 4's attempt to accommodate both grand topics and erotic narratives.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Gentle hero"

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Herz, Michaela [Verfasser], et Klaus [Gutachter] Brehm. « Genome wide expression profiling of Echinococcus multilocularis / Michaela Herz ; Gutachter : Klaus Brehm ». Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233602659/34.

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Zsíros, József. « Detection and analysis of HERV-K related endogenous retroviruses in the human genome ». [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/81502.

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Müller, Sebastian [Verfasser], et Meinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Winkgens. « „Working Class Hero is something to be.” Untersuchungen zur Genese eines Subjektmodells des Übergangs in der britischen Literatur der 1950er Jahre / Sebastian Müller ; Betreuer : Meinhard Winkgens ». Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1127528114/34.

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Eriksson, Evelina. « "If you're a normal kid, reading this because you think it's fiction, great. Read on." : En komparativ narratologisk analys av berättare och narrat i Rick Riordans The Lightning Thief och The Lost Hero ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179612.

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka berättarna och narraterna i Rick Riordans The Lightning Thief (2005) och The Lost Hero (2010), samt att se vilka implikationer de har på berättandet i sig självt. Uppsatsen fokuserar på en komparativ undersökning av romanerna i fråga, och gör allt detta från en narratologisk utgångspunkt. Det narratologiska perspektivet kommer framför allt ifrån Gérard Genettes Narrative discourse och hans termer extra-, intra-, hetero- och homodiegetiskt berättande. Studien av narraten gör detsamma men med Gerald Prince artikel ”Introduction to the Study of the Narratee” i Reader-response criticism: from formalism to post-structuralism. För ett bredare perspektiv på flera, både nyare och äldre, narratologiska studier använder uppsatsen också Manfred Jahns ”Narratology 2.1: A Guide to the Theory of Narrative”. Genom analysen kan man utläsa att The Lightning Thief antar ett homo- och extradiegetiskt berättande med en specifik grupp av narrater. Detta kontrasteras med The Lost Heros hetero- och extradiegetiska berättande med en grundnarrat utan uppenbara kännetecken. I förlängningen kan man också upptäcka att det finns en skillnad mellan berättarens och narratens förhållande till en verklig läsare och hur, speciellt i The Lightning Thief, läsaren är tvingad att fundera på hur den relaterar till både narraten och berättaren.
This paper aims to study the narrators and the narratees in Rick Riordan's The Lightning Thief (2005) and The Lost Hero (2010), and to see what implications they have on the narrative itself. The paper focuses on a comparative examination of the novels in question and does all this from a narratological standpoint. The narratological perspective first and foremost comes from Gérard Genette's Narrative discourse and his terms extra-, intra-, hetero-, and homodiegetic narrative. The study of the narratee does the same but with Gerald Prince's article "Introduction to the Study of the Narratee" in Reader-response criticism: from formalism to post-structuralism. For a wider perspective of several, both new and old, narratological studies the paper also uses Manfred Jahn's "Narratology 2.1: A Guide to the Theory of Narrative". Through the analysis, one can gather that The Lightning Thief takes on a homo- and extradiegetic narrative with a specific group of narratees. This is contrasted with The Lost Hero's hetero- and extradiegetic narrative with a "zero-degree narratee" that has no apparent characteristics. By extension, one can also notice that a difference lies with the narrator's and narratee's relationship to an actual reader and how, especially in The Lightning Thief, the reader is forced to figure out how it relates to both the narratee and the narrator.
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Tina, Elisabet. « Biological markers in breast cancer and acute leukaemia with focus on drug resistance ». Doctoral thesis, Örebro : Örebro universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-10519.

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« Genome sequencing of Leptolyngbya Heron Island, 2Å crystal structure of phycoerythrin and spectroscopic investigation of chromatic acclimation ». Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.25015.

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abstract: Photosynthesis is the primary source of energy for most living organisms. Light harvesting complexes (LHC) play a vital role in harvesting sunlight and passing it on to the protein complexes of the electron transfer chain which create the electrochemical potential across the membrane which drives ATP synthesis. phycobilisomes (PBS) are the most important LHCs in cyanobacteria. PBS is a complex of three light harvesting proteins: phycoerythrin (PE), phycocyanin (PC) and allophycocyanin (APC). This work has been done on a newly discovered cyanobacterium called Leptolyngbya Heron Island (L.HI). This study has three important goals: 1) Sequencing, assembly and annotation of the L.HI genome - Since this is a newly discovered cyanobacterium, its genome was not previously elucidated. Illumina sequencing, a type of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology was employed to sequence the genome. Unfortunately, the natural isolate contained other contaminating and potentially symbiotic bacterial populations. A novel bioinformatics strategy for separating DNA from contaminating bacterial populations from that of L.HI was devised which involves a combination of tetranucleotide frequency, %(G+C), BLAST analysis and gene annotation. 2) Structural elucidation of phycoerythrin - Phycoerythrin is the most important protein in the PBS assembly because it is one of the few light harvesting proteins which absorbs green light. The protein was crystallized and its structure solved to a resolution of 2Å. This protein contains two chemically distinct types of chromophores: phycourobilin and phycoerythrobilin. Energy transfer calculations indicate that there is unidirectional flow of energy from phycourobilin to phycoerythrobilin. Energy transfer time constants using Forster energy transfer theory have been found to be consistent with experimental data available in literature. 3) Effect of chromatic acclimation on photosystems - Chromatic acclimation is a phenomenon in which an organism modulates the ratio of PE/PC with change in light conditions. Our investigation in case of L.HI has revealed that the PE is expressed more in green light than PC in red light. This leads to unequal harvesting of light in these two states. Therefore, photosystem II expression is increased in red-light acclimatized cells coupled with an increase in number of PBS.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Chemistry 2014
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Hájková, Zita. « Caspar David Friedrich. Motiv postavy u okna, její geneze a vývoj ». Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321366.

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The thesis deals with the life and work of Caspar David Friedrich (1774 - 1840) who is considered one of the most important painters and drawers of the German romanticism. His main contribution for painting was the creation of pictures with subjective, later also politically motivated symbolism. The themes of his works in particular included the nature where persons often stand and watch the landscape in distance. The first chapter provides information on the personality and work of the painter who created a new style of landscaping. In nature he discovered the spiritual element that he connected with the picture. The work then describes the influences of the romantic literary movement and religion on his work. The second chapter presents a female figure turned with her back to the viewer in a painting called Woman by the Window from 1822. Various interpretations of art historians connected especially with romanticising visions of individuality and infinity are presented. The origin and development of the female figure turned with her back to the viewer in painting from prehistoric times up to the 20th century is also outlined. The phenomenon of a window in art is explained in the third chapter. A window in interior and a view from a window is also demonstrated as a mean of expression of an artist....
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Livres sur le sujet "Gentle hero"

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Simmonds, Kevin. Razed, or Nothing gentle here : A San Francisco chapbook. [San Francisco, Calif.] : [publisher not identified], 2015.

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Bierman, John. Righteous gentile : The story of Raoul Wallenberg, missing hero of the Holocaust. London : Penguin Books, 1995.

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Over here. Bath, England : Chivers, 2003.

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Angrist, Misha. Here is a human being : At the dawn of personal genomics. New York : Harper, 2010.

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Price, Sean. Varian Fry : a hero of the Holocaust. Chicago, Ill : Raintree, 2008.

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Japan Israel Chamber of Commerce. Chiune Sugihara, 1900-1986 : A hero for the 21st century. Tokyo, Japan : Japan Israel Chamber of Commerce, 2000.

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Oehlrich, Marcus. Recombinant monoclonal antibody trastuzumab for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer with tumors overexpressing the HER2-neu proto-oncogene : A systematic review. Berlin : dissertation.de, 2003.

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Isenberg, Sheila. A hero of our own : The story of Varian Fry. New York : Random House, 2001.

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Shockney, Lillie. Top concerns about HER2 positive breast cancer. Sudbury, Mass : Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2011.

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Cummings, Michael R. Human heredity : Principles & issues. 9e éd. Australia [etc.] : Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning, 2011.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Gentle hero"

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Stula, Martin, Eckhard Schott et Martin Paul. « Bedeutung peptiderger Systeme bei der Genese kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen ». Dans Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, 372–400. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80360-4_11.

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Vassena, Raffaella. « Парадоксальность Кроткой ». Dans Biblioteca di Studi Slavistici, 123–37. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0122-3.12.

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A Gentle Creature’s Paradox The aim of this article is to analyze a smile as a mimetic, nonverbal facial expression. Although a smile most often displays joy and pleasure, it sometimes expresses emotions such as sadness, cruelty, anger, etc. This analysis aims to focus on the paradoxical “mistrustful, silent, and evil smile” of A Gentle Creature. Her smile marks the beginning of her life with the Pawnbroker and it is her companion until the end of her life. The paradox of smile illuminates other paradoxes such as that of communication (verbal/nonverbal, communication/its negation), of death (suicide and the icon, destruction/resurrection, silence/birth of words), of the Pawnbroker’s story (author-narrator, narrative/story, fantastic/realistic, contradictions in the story), and of the event (real event/event in the narrator’s mind).
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Hudgins, Christopher C. « “A Small Price to Pay” : Superman, Metafamily, and Hero in David Mamet’s Oedipal House of Games ». Dans Gender and Genre, 209–33. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230109209_13.

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Krüger, Reinhard T. « What is Psychodrama ? » Dans Disorder-Specific Psychodrama Therapy in Theory and Practice, 1–6. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7508-2_1.

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AbstractPsychodrama therapists believe in the idea of spontaneously creative human beings. Mental disorders are understood as blockages or deficits in the patients’ inner creativity. Psychodrama originated from Moreno’s experience at the Impromptu Theatre in Vienna in 1921. A gentle, beautiful actress who today can be believed to have suffered from a borderline organization had unexpectedly developed uncontrollable anger outbursts in her new marriage. Moreno then had the actress enact the roles of street girls and witches in the Impromptu Theatre. As a result, the actress gained ego control over her anger outbursts in her marriage in everyday life. Her outbursts became less frequent and shorter, and sometimes she would laugh even before having her anger outburst. On the basis of this experience, Moreno developed a causal psychotherapy of psychoses from 1936 onwards (Moreno 1939). Later, he also developed therapy for people with neurosis (Moreno 1945b). According to Moreno (1979, p. 77), the playful transition through the absurdity of neurotic or psychotic patterns helps patients to experience the “true second time, which liberates from the first”. Moreno was so fascinated that he had it written on his tombstone in Vienna: “Here lies the one who brought laughter to psychiatry.”
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Ribke, Nahuel. « The American Pattern of Celebrity Politics : from Military Role Model to Civilian Hero ? » Dans A Genre Approach to Celebrity Politics, 99–116. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137409393_6.

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Bóna, Miklós. « How Did We Get Here ? Permutations as Genome Rearrangements. » Dans Combinatorics of Permutations, 395–422. 3e éd. Boca Raton : Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429274107-9.

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Lubchenco, Jane, et Peter M. Haugan. « The Ocean Genome : Conservation and the Fair, Equitable and Sustainable Use of Marine Genetic Resources ». Dans The Blue Compendium, 91–140. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16277-0_4.

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AbstractThe ‘ocean genome’ is the foundation upon which all marine ecosystems rest and is defined here as the ensemble of genetic material present in all marine biodiversity, including both the physical genes and the information they encode. The dynamics of the ocean genome enable organisms to adapt to diverse ecological niches and changing environmental conditions. The ocean genome also determines the productivity and resilience of biological resources, including fisheries and aquaculture, which collectively support global food security, human well-being and a sustainable ocean economy.
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Wang, Wei, et Eduard Akhunov. « Application of CRISPR-Cas-Based Genome Editing for Precision Breeding in Wheat ». Dans Wheat Improvement, 539–56. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_29.

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AbstractWheat improvement relies on genetic diversity associated with variation in target traits. While traditionally the main sources of novel genetic diversity for breeding are wheat varieties or various wild relatives of wheat, advances in gene mapping and genome editing technologies provide an opportunity for engineering new variants of genes that could have beneficial effect on agronomic traits. Here, we provide the overview of the genome editing technologies and their application to creating targeted variation in genes that could enhance wheat productivity. We discuss the potential utility of the genome editing technologies and CRISPR-Cas-induced variation incorporated into the pre-breeding pipelines for wheat improvement.
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Contreras-Moreira, Bruno, Guy Naamati, Marc Rosello, James E. Allen, Sarah E. Hunt, Matthieu Muffato, Astrid Gall et Paul Flicek. « Scripting Analyses of Genomes in Ensembl Plants ». Dans Plant Bioinformatics, 27–55. New York, NY : Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2067-0_2.

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AbstractEnsembl Plants (http://plants.ensembl.org) offers genome-scale information for plants, with four releases per year. As of release 47 (April 2020) it features 79 species and includes genome sequence, gene models, and functional annotation. Comparative analyses help reconstruct the evolutionary history of gene families, genomes, and components of polyploid genomes. Some species have gene expression baseline reports or variation across genotypes. While the data can be accessed through the Ensembl genome browser, here we review specifically how our plant genomes can be interrogated programmatically and the data downloaded in bulk. These access routes are generally consistent across Ensembl for other non-plant species, including plant pathogens, pests, and pollinators.
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Fielding, Henry. « An invocation ». Dans Tom Jones. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199536993.003.0160.

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Come, bright love of fame, inspire my glowing breast: not thee I call, who, over swelling tides of blood and tears, dost bear the hero on to glory, while sighs of millions waft his spreading sails; but thee, fair, gentle maid, whom Mnesis,*...
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Gentle hero"

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« Genes, encoding heat-resistant obscure (Hero) proteins : new players in ischemic stroke pathogenesis ». Dans Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/Systems Biology (BGRS/SB-2022) :. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2022-222.

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Zaccaron, Alex. « The genomic architecture of the grape powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe necator and its impact on the pathogen’s biology and virulence ». Dans IS-MPMI Congress. IS-MPMI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/ismpmi-2023-2.

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Erysiphe necator causes grape powdery mildew, globally the most important fungal disease on grapevines. The current reference genome assembly of the pathogen is highly fragmented due to its repetitive DNA content, which prevents a detailed analysis of its genomic architecture. Here, we present an 81.1 Mb genome assembly for E. necator that is 98% complete and consists of 34 scaffolds, 11 of which represent complete chromosomes. Analysis of the chromosomes’ content showed that they all contain large centromeric-like regions that account for 15.8% of the genome. Repeats and transposable elements (TEs) represent 62.7% of their content and, while they are almost evenly interspersed outside centromeric and telomeric regions, they massively overlap with regions of annotated genes, indicating that they could have a significant impact on their evolution. Indeed, abundant gene duplicates were observed, particularly in genes encoding candidate secreted effector proteins (CSEPs) that could have been spawned by TE activity. Copies of duplicated CSEP-encoding genes were further found to be frequently clustered in the genome, suggesting recurrent events of local gene duplications and adaptive variation. Finally, in accordance with the obligate biotrophic nature of E. necator, abundant losses in genes needed to synthesize metabolites that can be obtained directly through the host environment were also observed. These and other genomic architectural features of E. necator will be discussed.
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Dahl, Kris Noel, Elizabeth A. Booth-Gauthier, Alexandre J. S. Ribeiro et Zhixia Zhong. « The Role of Nuclear Stiffness and Resilience in Mechanotransduction ». Dans ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19514.

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Mechanical force is found to be increasingly important during development and for proper homeostatic maintenance of cells and tissues. The nucleus occupies a large volume fraction of the cell and is interconnected with the cytoskeleton. Here, to determine the direct role of the nucleus itself in converting forces to changes in gene expression, also known as, mechanotransduction, we examine changes in nuclear mechanics and gene reorganization associated with cell fate and with extracellular force. We measure mechanics of nuclei in many model cell systems using micropipette aspiration to show changes in nuclear mechanics. In intact cells we characterize the rheological changes induced in the genome organization with live cell imaging and particle tracking, and we suggest how these changes relate to gene expression.
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Davi, Caio, André Pastor, Thiego Oliveira, Fernando B. Lima Neto, Ulisses Braga-Neto, Abigail W. Bigham, Michael Bamshad, Ernesto T. A. Marques et Bartolomeu Acioli-Santos. « Computational Intelligence applied to Human Genome Data for the Dengue Severity Prognosis ». Dans XI Simpósio Brasileiro de Bioinformática. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/bsb_estendido.2018.8800.

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Dengue has become one of the most important worldwide arthropodborne diseases around the world. Here, one hundred and two Brazilian dengue virus (DENV) III patients and controls were genotyped for 322 innate immunity gene loci. All biological data (including age, sex and genome background) were analyzed using Machine Learning techniques to discriminate tendency to severe dengue phenotype development. Our current approach produces median values for accuracy greater than 86%, with sensitivity and specificity over 98% and 51%, respectively. Genome data information from 13 key immune polymorphic SNPs was used under different dominant or recessive models. Our approach is a valuable tool for early diagnosis of the severe form of dengue infection and can be used to identify individuals at high risk of developing this form of the disease even in uninfected individuals. The model also identifies various genes involved dengue severity.
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« Genome-wide association study of carcass traits in an Angus beef cattle Russian herd using imputed Whole-Genome Sequence data ». Dans Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/Systems Biology (BGRS/SB-2022) :. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2022-397.

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« 918 BGRS/SB-2022 Seeking the threshold for herd immunity in the synthetic population of a medium-sized city ». Dans Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/Systems Biology (BGRS/SB-2022) :. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2022-537.

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« PAMAM Dendrimers as anti-HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Treatment ». Dans Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0176.

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Background: Poly (amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAMs) are widely used in drug delivery systems and gene transfection as drug carriers. They also exert several biological effects like modulating gene expression, particularly EGFR (ErbB1) signaling pathway, which raises the question of whether these polymers can also inhibit the phosphorylation of HER2 (ErbB2) in breast cancer. However, this area hasn’t been investigated before. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the anticancer effects of different generations and surface chemistries of PAMAMs on HER2 positive breast cancer cells (SkBr3 and ZR-75 cell lines). Cell viability and morphological changes were evaluated upon treatment with PAMAMs. In addition, their effect on colony formation in soft agar was assessed. Additionally, western blot was performed to understand the underlying mechanisms of action. Results: PAMAMs anticancer effects were found to follow a specific trend, as they were more significant in cationic polymers and in higher generations. Cationic PAMAMs reduced cell viability of HER2 positive breast cancer cells up to 5.1% in SkBr3 and to 28% in ZR75 (p<0.001), in a dose and time-dependent manner. Cationic polymers also resulted in changing the morphology in the examined cell lines, as well as inhibiting colony formation in soft agar compared to controls (p<0.001). The mechanism of action was found to be mediated by inhibiting the phosphorylation of erbB2 and JNK1/2/3. Conclusion: These anticancer effects of PAMAM dendrimers make them promising molecules, which can add benefit to current anti-HER2 treatments and be employed successfully in different biomedical applications.
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Cadeddu, Marta, Nicole Grandi, Laura Vargiu, Patricia Rodriguez Tomé, Jonas Blomberg et Enzo Tramontano. « Identification And Genomic Characterization Of Herv-k (hml-10) In Human Genome Grch37/hg19 Assembly ». Dans Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2014.hbpp0110.

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Eismann, S., C. Sittel et M. Burghartz. « Adulter Morbus Still (AOSD) als Differentialdiagnose bei Lymphadenitis colli mit Fieber unklarer Genese ». Dans 100 JAHRE DGHNO-KHC : WO KOMMEN WIR HER ? WO STEHEN WIR ? WO GEHEN WIR HIN ? Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1727711.

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Reinholz, M., J. Eckel-Passow, K. Anderson, A. McCullough, C. April, J. Cunningham, J. Jen, E. Perez, J. Fan et W. Lingle. « Whole Genome Profiling of Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Distinguishes HER2-Positive and -Negative Breast Tumors. » Dans Abstracts : Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009 ; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-6127.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Gentle hero"

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Geballe, Adam. Translational Regulation of HER2 Gene Expression. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada339298.

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Slamon, Dennis J. Biologic Effects of HER-2/Neu Gene Overexpression and Agonists and Antagonists to the Receptor in Human Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada372028.

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Salamon, Dennis J. Biologic Effects of HER-2/Neu Gene Overexpression and Agonists and Antagonists to the Receptor in Human Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada354413.

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Azem, Abdussalam, George Lorimer et Adina Breiman. Molecular and in vivo Functions of the Chloroplast Chaperonins. United States Department of Agriculture, juin 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697111.bard.

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We present here the final report for our research project entitled "The molecular and in vivo functions of the chloroplast chaperonins”. Over the past few decades, intensive investigation of the bacterial GroELS system has led to a basic understanding of how chaperonins refold denatured proteins. However, the parallel is limited in its relevance to plant chaperonins, since the plant system differs from GroEL in genetic complexity, physiological roles of the chaperonins and precise molecular structure. Due to the importance of plant chaperonins for chloroplast biogenesis and Rubisco assembly, research on this topic will have implications for many vital applicative fields such as crop hardiness and efficiency of plant growth as well as the production of alternative energy sources. In this study, we set out to investigate the structure and function of chloroplast chaperonins from A. thaliana. Most plants harbor multiple genes for chaperonin proteins, making analysis of plant chaperonin systems more complicated than the GroEL-GroES system. We decided to focus on the chaperonins from A. thaliana since the genome of this plant has been well defined and many materials are available which can help facilitate studies using this system. Our proposal put forward a number of goals including cloning, purification, and characterization of the chloroplast cpn60 subunits, antibody preparation, gene expression patterns, in vivo analysis of oligomer composition, preparation and characterization of plant deletion mutants, identification of substrate proteins and biophysical studies. In this report, we describe the progress we have made in understanding the structure and function of chloroplast chaperonins in each of these categories.
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Lane, L. S., et S. Zhao. Bedrock geology, Mount Huley and Mount Harbottle, Yukon, NTS 116-G/15 and 16. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329451.

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This map encompasses two 1:50 000 scale map areas at the southw estern margin of Eagle Plain sedimentary basin, in the northern Canadian Cordillera. The eastern part is underlain by the Upper Cretaceous Park in, Fishing Branch, Burnthill Creek , and Cody Creek formations of the Eagle Plain Group, w here shale and sandstone beds dip gently eastw ard to northw ard. The w estern part of the map contains three large anticlinesyncline pairs trending north-northw est-south-southeast that expose Low er Cretaceous W hitestone R iver Formation lying unconformably on Paleoz oic strata of Middle Devonian to Permian age, comprising Ogilvie, Hart R iver, Ettrain, and J ungle Creek formations. The folds define domes and basins reflecting the influence of two orthogonal fold-thrust events during Cretaceous- Paleogene Cordilleran deformation. At the level of the Cretaceous units, the synclines define symmetrical continuous structures, w hereas the anticlines, exposing Paleoz oic strata, define asymmetric en échelon structures suggesting that pre-existing structural or stratigraphic trends influenced their deformation.
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Samach, Alon, Douglas Cook et Jaime Kigel. Molecular mechanisms of plant reproductive adaptation to aridity gradients. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696513.bard.

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Annual plants have developed a range of different mechanisms to avoid flowering (exposure of reproductive organs to the environment) under adverse environmental conditions. Seasonal environmental events such as gradual changes in day length and temperature affect the timing of transition to flowering in many annual and perennial plants. Research in Arabidopsis and additional species suggest that some environmental signals converge on transcriptional regulation of common floral integrators such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Here we studied environmental induction of flowering in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Similarly to Arabidopsis, the transition to flowering in M. truncatula is hastened by long photoperiods and long periods of vernalization (4°C for 2-3 weeks). Ecotypes collected in Israel retain a vernalization response even though winter temperatures are way above 4°C. Here we show that this species is also highly responsive (flowers earlier) to mild ambient temperatures up to 19°C simulating winter conditions in its natural habitat. Physiological experiments allowed us to time the transition to flowering due to low temperatures, and to compare it to vernalization. We have made use of natural variation, and induced mutants to identify key genes involved in this process, and we provide here data suggesting that an FT gene in M.truncatula is transcriptionally regulated by different environmental cues. Flowering time was found to be correlated with MtFTA and MtFTB expression levels. Mutation in the MtFTA gene showed a late flowering phenotype, while over-expressing MtFTA in Arabidopsis complemented the ft- phenotype. We found that combination of 4°C and 12°C resulted in a synergistic increase in MtFTB expression, while combining 4°C and long photoperiods caused a synergistic increase in MtFTA expression. These results suggest that the two vernalization temperatures work through distinct mechanisms. The early flowering kalil mutant expressed higher levels of MtFTA and not MtFTB suggesting that the KALIL protein represses MtFTA specifically. The desert ecotype Sde Boker flowers earlier in response to short treatments of 8-12oc vernalization and expresses higher levels of MtFTA. This suggests a possible mechanism this desert ecotype developed to flower as fast as possible and finish its growth cycle before the dry period. MtFTA and FT expression are induced by common environmental cues in each species, and expression is repressed under short days. Replacing FT with the MtFTA gene (including regulatory elements) caused high MtFTA expression and early flowering under short days suggesting that the mechanism used to repress flowering under short days has diversified between the two species.The circadian regulated gene, GIGANTEA (GI) encodes a unique protein in Arabidopsis that is involved in flowering mechanism. In this research we characterized how the expression of the M.truncatula GI ortholog is regulated by light and temperature in comparison to its regulation in Arabidopsis. In Arabidopsis GI was found to be involved in temperature compensation to the clock. In addition, GI was found to be involved in mediating the effect of temperature on flowering time. We tested the influence of cold temperature on the MtGI gene in M.truncatula and found correlation between MtGI levels and extended periods of 12°C treatment. MtGI elevation that was found mostly after plants were removed from the cold influence preceded the induction of MtFT expression. This data suggests that MtGI might be involved in 12°C cold perception with respect to flowering in M.truncatula. GI seems to integrate diverse environmental inputs and translates them to the proper physiological and developmental outputs, acting through several different pathways. These research enabled to correlate between temperature and circadian clock in M.truncatula and achieved a better understanding of the flowering mechanism of this species.
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Sağ, Kadir Şafak. Eğitim Giderleri Açısından Merkezi Yönetim Bütçesi Mevcut Durum ve Politika Önerileri. İLKE İlim Kültür Eğitim Vakfı, avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26414/pn021.

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Konsolide bütçe olarak isimlendirilen Merkezi Yönetim Bütçesi, devlet idarelerine ait giderleri ifade etmektedir. Merkezi Yönetim Bütçesinin son beş yılına baktığımızda giderler, her zaman bir önceki yılın enflasyonunun üzerinde bir artış göstermiştir. Bu durum, bütçeyi elde eden kamu kurum ve kuruluşları için olumlu olsa da devletin bütçe dengesini bozmaktadır. Bakanlıklar, merkezi yönetim ve çeşitli gelirlerle elde ettikleri bütçelerini; personel giderleri, SGK giderleri, mal ve hizmet alım giderleri, cari transferler ve sermaye giderleri gibi kalemlerde kullanmaktadır. Bakanlıkların bütçeleri karşılaştırılırken maaş ve SGK giderleri dışındaki bütçelerini karşılaştırmak daha sağlıklı olacaktır. Bu doğrultuda, Merkezi Yönetim Bütçesinde en büyük payın eğitime ayrıldığını söylemek mümkündür. Ancak bakanlıkların personel sayılarına ve hizmet verdikleri grubun mevcudu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı, yaklaşık 1.100.000 personel ve 18 milyonun üzerinde öğrenci sayısı ile doğrudan hizmet ettiği nüfus en yüksek bakanlıktır. Eğitime ilişkin bütçeyi değerlendirdiğimizde; Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı bütçesinin, kamunun bütçesi olan konsolide bütçeye oranla her geçen yıl azaldığı görülmektedir. 2021 bütçesi genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde 2018’den itibaren yoğunlaşan enflasyon baskısı ile salgın krizinin yansımalarının açıkça görüldüğü söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada, Merkezi Yönetim Bütçesi verilerinden hareketle MEB bütçesi incelenmiş ve Türkiye’de eğitimin gelişmesinin önündeki engellerden biri olan eğitim bütçesinin yeniden ele alınması ve eğitimin nitelikli noktalara erişmesi için birtakım somut politika önerileri sunulmuştur.
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Murray, Chris, Keith Williams, Norrie Millar, Monty Nero, Amy O'Brien et Damon Herd. A New Palingenesis. University of Dundee, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001273.

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Robert Duncan Milne (1844-99), from Cupar, Fife, was a pioneering author of science fiction stories, most of which appeared in San Francisco’s Argonaut magazine in the 1880s and ’90s. SF historian Sam Moskowitz credits Milne with being the first full-time SF writer, and his contribution to the genre is arguably greater than anyone else including Stevenson and Conan Doyle, yet it has all but disappeared into oblivion. Milne was fascinated by science. He drew on the work of Scottish physicists and inventors such as James Clark Maxwell and Alexander Graham Bell into the possibilities of electromagnetic forces and new communications media to overcome distances in space and time. Milne wrote about visual time-travelling long before H.G. Wells. He foresaw virtual ‘tele-presencing’, remote surveillance, mobile phones and worldwide satellite communications – not to mention climate change, scientific terrorism and drone warfare, cryogenics and molecular reengineering. Milne also wrote on alien life forms, artificial immortality, identity theft and personality exchange, lost worlds and the rediscovery of extinct species. ‘A New Palingenesis’, originally published in The Argonaut on July 7th 1883, and adapted in this comic, is a secular version of the resurrection myth. Mary Shelley was the first scientiser of the occult to rework the supernatural idea of reanimating the dead through the mysterious powers of electricity in Frankenstein (1818). In Milne’s story, in which Doctor S- dissolves his terminally ill wife’s body in order to bring her back to life in restored health, is a striking, further modernisation of Frankenstein, to reflect late-nineteenth century interest in electromagnetic science and spiritualism. In particular, it is a retelling of Shelley’s narrative strand about Frankenstein’s aborted attempt to shape a female mate for his creature, but also his misogynistic ambition to bypass the sexual principle in reproducing life altogether. By doing so, Milne interfused Shelley’s updating of the Promethean myth with others. ‘A New Palingenesis’ is also a version of Pygmalion and his male-ordered, wish-fulfilling desire to animate his idealised female sculpture, Galatea from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, perhaps giving a positive twist to Orpheus’s attempt to bring his corpse-bride Eurydice back from the underworld as well? With its basis in spiritualist ideas about the soul as a kind of electrical intelligence, detachable from the body but a material entity nonetheless, Doctor S- treats his wife as an ‘intelligent battery’. He is thus able to preserve her personality after death and renew her body simultaneously because that captured electrical intelligence also carries a DNA-like code for rebuilding the individual organism itself from its chemical constituents. The descriptions of the experiment and the body’s gradual re-materialisation are among Milne’s most visually impressive, anticipating the X-raylike anatomisation and reversal of Griffin’s disappearance process in Wells’s The Invisible Man (1897). In the context of the 1880s, it must have been a compelling scientisation of the paranormal, combining highly technical descriptions of the Doctor’s system of electrically linked glass coffins with ghostly imagery. It is both dramatic and highly visual, even cinematic in its descriptions, and is here brought to life in the form of a comic.
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Arnett, Clint, Justin Lange, Ashley Boyd, Martin Page et Donald Cropek. Expression and secretion of active Moringa oleifera coagulant protein in Bacillus subtilis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), août 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41546.

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Cationic polypeptide proteins found in the seeds of the tropical plant Moringa oleifera have coagulation efficiencies similar to aluminum and ferric sulfates without their recalcitrant nature. Although these proteins possess great potential to augment or replace traditional coagulants in water treatment, harvesting active protein from seeds is laborious and not cost-effective. Here, we describe an alternative method to express and secrete active M. oleifera coagulant protein (MO) in Bacillus subtilis. A plasmid library containing the MO gene and 173 different types of secretory signal peptides was created and cloned into B. subtilis strain RIK1285. Fourteen of 440 clones screened were capable of secreting MO with yields ranging from 55 to 122 mg/L of growth medium. The coagulant activity of the highest MO secreting clone was evaluated when grown on Luria broth, and cell-free medium from the culture was shown to reduce turbidity in a buffered kaolin suspension by approximately 90% compared with controls without the MO gene. The clone was also capable of secreting active MO when grown on a defined synthetic wastewater supplemented with 0.5% tryptone. Cell-free medium from the strain harboring the MO gene demonstrated more than a 2-fold reduction in turbidity compared with controls. Additionally, no significant amount of MO was observed without the addition of the synthetic wastewater, suggesting that it served as a source of nutrients for the effective expression and translocation of MO into the medium.
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Fluhr, Robert, et Maor Bar-Peled. Novel Lectin Controls Wound-responses in Arabidopsis. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697123.bard.

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Innate immune responses in animals and plants involve receptors that recognize microbe-associated molecules. In plants, one set of this defense system is characterized by large families of TIR–nucleotide binding site–leucine-rich repeat (TIR-NBS-LRR) resistance genes. The direct interaction between plant proteins harboring the TIR domain with proteins that transmit and facilitate a signaling pathway has yet to be shown. The Arabidopsis genome encodes TIR-domain containing genes that lack NBS and LRR whose functions are unknown. Here we investigated the functional role of such protein, TLW1 (TIR LECTIN WOUNDRESPONSIVE1). The TLW1 gene encodes a protein with two domains: a TIR domain linked to a lectin-containing domain. Our specific aim in this proposal was to examine the ramifications of the TL1-glycan interaction by; A) The functional characterization of TL1 activity in the context of plant wound response and B) Examine the hypothesis that wounding induced specific polysaccharides and examine them as candidates for TL-1 interactive glycan compounds. The Weizmann group showed TLW1 transcripts are rapidly induced by wounding in a JA-independent pathway and T-DNA-tagged tlw1 mutants that lack TLW1 transcripts, fail to initiate the full systemic wound response. Transcriptome methodology analysis was set up and transcriptome analyses indicates a two-fold reduced level of JA-responsive but not JA-independent transcripts. The TIR domain of TLW1 was found to interact directly with the KAT2/PED1 gene product responsible for the final b-oxidation steps in peroxisomal-basedJA biosynthesis. To identify potential binding target(s) of TL1 in plant wound response, the CCRC group first expressed recombinant TL1 in bacterial cells and optimized conditions for the protein expression. TL1 was most highly expressed in ArcticExpress cell line. Different types of extraction buffers and extraction methods were used to prepare plant extracts for TL1 binding assay. Optimized condition for glycan labeling was determined, and 2-aminobenzamide was used to label plant extracts. Sensitivity of MALDI and LC-MS using standard glycans. THAP (2,4,6- Trihydroxyacetophenone) showed minimal background peaks at positive mode of MALDI, however, it was insensitive with a minimum detection level of 100 ng. Using LC-MS, sensitivity was highly increased enough to detect 30 pmol concentration. However, patterns of total glycans displayed no significant difference between different extraction conditions when samples were separated with Dionex ICS-2000 ion chromatography system. Transgenic plants over-expressing lectin domains were generated to obtain active lectin domain in plant cells. Insertion of the overexpression construct into the plant genome was confirmed by antibiotic selection and genomic DNA PCR. However, RT-PCR analysis was not able to detect increased level of the transcripts. Binding ability of azelaic acid to recombinant TL1. Azelaic acid was detected in GST-TL1 elution fraction, however, DHB matrix has the same mass in background signals, which needs to be further tested on other matrices. The major findings showed the importance of TLW1 in regulating wound response. The findings demonstrate completely novel and unexpected TIR domain interactions and reveal a control nexus and mechanism that contributes to the propagation of wound responses in Arabidopsis. The implications are to our understanding of the function of TIR domains and to the notion that early molecular events occur systemically within minutes of a plant sustaining a wound. A WEB site (http://genome.weizmann.ac.il/hormonometer/) was set up that enables scientists to interact with a collated plant hormone database.
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