Articles de revues sur le sujet « General packet radio service network »
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Chen, Yong, et Wen Li Zhou. « User Behavior Analysis Based on Gn Interface of GPRS Network ». Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (septembre 2013) : 1205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.1205.
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The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) has become a standard to extend the services provided by the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). Through the introduction of packet switching technology, GPRS supports the use of packet data transmission, allowing a more efficient usage of the radio resources with a consequent improvement in the quality of service of subscribers. This paper presents some observations of the real operational GPRS network in a certain city by analyzing the characteristics of the data which was captured by monitoring system deployed in the Gn interface of GPRS core network. The distributions of the activated users and on-offline users were analyzed in this paper, as well as the online duration characteristic of mobile users. At last, the distribution of users and sessions was discussed, and finally some valuable conclusions were concluded for the mobile network operators.
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Radhi, Ahmed A. « Design and Implementation of Healthcare Patient based General Packet Radio Service ». Webology 17, no 2 (21 décembre 2020) : 848–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v17i2/web17071.
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In recent years the health monitor systems for patients was developed by using wireless technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), or Websites. In this research a patient's position in Google map, heartbeat rate, and temperature were measured and transmitted to the family or doctor based GPRS technology via the smartphone and microcontroller. This system has advantages of low cost design, Early warning of patient status through SMS message or email, position recognize based on GPS and fast of treatment patient.
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Dorogov, A. Yu, et A. I. Yashin. « SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR MODELING HF-BAND PACKET RADIO NETWORKS ». H&ES Research 12, no 6 (2020) : 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2409-5419-2020-12-6-26-37.
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It is noted that the complexity and constant variability of the ionosphere structure, the presence of many factors affecting the propagation of radio waves in such an environment, as well as the complex topology of communication networks lead to the need the computer modeling of data transmission in HF-band networks. The existing models of representation of ionospheric processes and digital radio channels are described. It is shown that to solve the problems of designing a radio data transmission network, complex modeling is necessary, taking into account the network topology, signal propagation losses in the radio channel, noise level, type of digital modulation, and radio forecast of communication conditions. In this paper, we consider a modeling complex for packet radio networks of HF-band data transmission with changing communication conditions. The complex consists of a set of interacting models implemented in the Matlab software environment. The software model for predicting communication conditions complies with ITU-R recommendation P. 533–13 of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The description of the model for the "Point-to-point" and "Area" modes is given and the results of its application for calculating extended radio lines are shown. The initial data and system parameters of the model are described. A model of the HF-band digital radio channel is presented. The communications System Toolbox package, which is part of the Matlab software environment, is used for this modeling. The model's input and output data are described. A model of Ionospheric Wave Frequency Dispatcher service of the radio network has been developed. This model is intended for building a wave schedule for stable operation of HF radio lines in the network. The rules for building a two-frequency and multi-frequency wave schedule are described. A scheme for modeling the operation of a packet radio network under changing communication conditions is proposed. The complex allows you to evaluate the probabilistic and temporal characteristics of radio lines and zonal radio coverage depending on geographical coordinates, time, month, solar activity and selected system parameters for a period of up to one year. Examples of using the modeling complex are given. The purpose of this work is to formulate the problem of simulation of HF radio networks under changing communication conditions.
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Lin, Yi-Bing, Herman C. H. Rao et Imrich Chlamtac. « General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) : architecture, interfaces, and deployment ». Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 1, no 1 (janvier 2001) : 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1530-8677(200101/03)1:1<77 ::aid-wcm7>3.0.co;2-n.
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N. Sirhan, Najem, et Manel Martinez-Ramon. « QoS-based Packet Scheduling Algorithms for Heterogeneous LTE-Advanced Networks : Concepts and a Literature Survey ». International Journal of Wireless & ; Mobile Networks 14, no 4 (31 août 2022) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijwmn.2022.14401.
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The number of LTE (Long-Term Evolution) users and their applications has increased significantly in the last decade, which increased the demand on the mobile network. LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) comes with many features that can support this increasing demand. LTE-A supports Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) deployment, in which it consists of a mix of macro-cells, remote radio heads, and low power nodes such as Pico-cells, and Femto-cells. Embedding this mix of base-stations in a macro-cellular network allows for achieving significant gains in coverage, throughput and system capacity compared to the use of macrocells only. These base-stations can operate on the same wireless channel as the macro-cellular network, which will provide higher spatial reuse via cell splitting. Also, it allows network operators to support higher data traffic by offloading it to smaller cells, such as Femto-cells. Hence, it enables network operators to provide their growing number of users with the required Quality of Service (QoS) that meets with their service demands. In-order for the network operators to make the best out of the heterogeneous LTE-A network, they need to use QoS-based packet scheduling algorithms that can efficiently manage the spectrum resources in the HetNets deployment. In this paper, we survey Quality of Service (QoS) based packet scheduling algorithms that were proposed in the literature for the use of packet scheduling in Heterogeneous LTE-A Networks. We start by explaining the concepts of QoS in LTE, heterogeneous LTE-A networks, and how traffic is classified within a packet scheduling architecture for heterogeneous LTE-A networks. Then, by summarising the proposed QoS-based packet scheduling algorithms in the literature for Heterogeneous LTE-A Networks, and for Femtocells LTE-A Networks. And finally, we provide some concluding remarks in the last section.
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Vetoshko, Ivan, et Vyacheslav Noskov. « EVALUATION OF VOICE TRANSMISSION QUALITY IN THE LTE NETWORKS ». Information and Telecommunication Sciences, no 2 (21 décembre 2021) : 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2411-2976.22021.22-26.
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Background. LTE mobile networks combine packet network technology and radio technology. Parameters of packet and radio subsystems significantly affects the quality of all traffic types transmission, especially telephone traffic, as the most demanding to such parameters of network transmission as delay, jitter and packet loss rate. The recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union and the documents of the partner organization of telecommunications operators (3GPP) contain hypothetical reference models, targets for end-to-end connection quality, and lists the factors that affect the quality (QoS) of VoLTE services. In addition, the network points are shown where you need to measure the quality of telephone traffic and tools for quality assessment. The quality of telephony services is assessed according to the E-model using the method of determining the mean opinion score (MOS). However, this technique is intended primarily to determine the MOS during the network planning. To calculate the MOS in a working network, you have to measure such network performance first such as voice delay and packet loss rate. This article presents the method of calculating MOS in the LTE network based on the E-model and presents the results of practical quality studies.
Objective. The purpose of this article is research the impact of delay and packet loss ratio and voice codec characteristics in the real LTE network on quality of telephone services.
Methods. Analysis of factors affecting on telephone services quality and analysis MOS assessment methods. Practical studies of the delay and packet loss ratio affect the MOS level in various conditions of radio coverage and network load.
Results. Practical results of delay and packet loss ratio influence on the telephone services quality in the LTE network. Calculated MOS based on the practically measured delay and packet loss ratio.
Conclusions. The combination of packet technologies, modern AMR-WB codecs and QoS support mechanisms in the LTE networks provides high quality perception of voice messages at the level of not less than 4 on the MOS scale. With a delay not exceeding 180 ms, a sufficiently high quality of voice transmission is ensured (MOS ≈ 4). VoLTE technology using the AMR-WB codec is quite resistant to packet loss and provides high quality perception of voice messages at a packet loss ratio of up to 1%.
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Iswahyudi, C., M. A. Novianta, Muchlis et H. P. Suseno. « Application of Greenhouse Gas Monitoring System Using General Packet Radio Service on GSM Network ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 807 (23 avril 2020) : 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/807/1/012013.
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Gadde, Nagaraja, Basavaraj Jakkali, Ramesh Babu Halasinanagenahalli Siddamallaih et Gowrishankar Gowrishankar. « Quality of experience aware network selection model for service provisioning in heterogeneous network ». International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no 2 (1 avril 2022) : 1839. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1839-1848.
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Heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs) are capable of integrating the different radio access technologies that make it possible to connect mobile users based on the performance parameters. Further quality of service (QoS) is one of the major topics for HWNs, moreover existing radio access technology (RAT) methodology are designed to provide network QoS criteria. However, limited work has been carried out for the RAT selection mechanism considering user QoS preference and existing models are developed based on the multi-mode terminal under a given minimal density network. For overcoming research issues this paper present quality of experience (QoE) RAT (QOE-RAT) selection methodology, incorporating both network performance criteria and user preference considering multiple call and multi-mode HWNs environment. First, this paper presents fuzzy preference aware weight (FPAW) and multi-mode terminal preference aware TOPSIS (MMTPA-TOPSIS) for choosing the best RAT for gaining multi-services. Experiment outcomes show the QOE-RAT selection method achieves much superior packet transmission outcomes when compared with state-of-art Rat selection methodologies.
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Klinkowski, Mirosław. « Latency-Aware DU/CU Placement in Convergent Packet-Based 5G Fronthaul Transport Networks ». Applied Sciences 10, no 21 (22 octobre 2020) : 7429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217429.
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The 5th generation mobile networks (5G) based on virtualized and centralized radio access networks will require cost-effective and flexible solutions for satisfying high-throughput and latency requirements. The next generation fronthaul interface (NGFI) architecture is one of the main candidates to achieve it. In the NGFI architecture, baseband processing is split and performed in radio (RU), distributed (DU), and central (CU) units. The mentioned entities are virtualized and performed on general-purpose processors forming a processing pool (PP) facility. Given that the location of PPs may be spread over the network and the PPs have limited capacity, it leads to the optimization problem concerning the placement of DUs and CUs. In the NGFI network scenario, the radio data between the RU, DU, CU, and a data center (DC)—in which the traffic is aggregated—are transmitted in the form of packets over a convergent packet-switched network. Because the packet transmission is nondeterministic, special attention should be put on ensuring the appropriate quality of service (QoS) levels for the latency-sensitive traffic flows. In this paper, we address the latency-aware DU and CU placement (LDCP) problem in NGFI. LDCP concerns the placement of DU/CU entities in PP nodes for a given set of demands assuming the QoS requirements of traffic flows that are related to their latency. To this end, we make use of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) in order to formulate the LDCP optimization problem and to solve it. To assure that the latency requirements are satisfied, we apply a reliable latency model, which is included in the MILP model as a set of constraints. To assess the effectiveness of the MILP method and analyze the network performance, we run a broad set of experiments in different network scenarios.
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Prijono, Wahyu Adi. « PENGGUNAAN METODE KOMPRESI TEKS UNTUK LAYANAN SMS OVER GPRS ». SISTEM Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Teknik 15, no 3 (4 décembre 2019) : 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37303/sistem.v15i3.197.
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The increasing number of short message service which has grown rapidly has bad impact towards its service quality. Delay in the system could increase while message delivered because the network gets burdened. Aplication Comresion text metode ( iD-Code companding algorithm) for predictive text has mode to reduce bits representation for each character. In the other hand by choosing new route like General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) will also significantly help to reduced burden of the network and also may achieve high rate of message delivery process. Based on analysis obtained that iD-Code Algorithm could truncates bit representation of predictive text file until 50% of value, with character average length only 4 bits. The implementation of iD-Code Algorithm also lead to the decreasing of packet holding time that also have impact reducing the packet delay time queue and further it will lead to the channel using efficiency.
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Albonda, Haider, Kadhum Al-Majdi et Bahaa Abbas. « Developing capacity sharing strategy for vehicular networks with integrated use of licensed and unlicensed spectrum ». EUREKA : Physics and Engineering, no 3 (31 mai 2022) : 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.002352.
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A widely deployed cellular network, supported by direct connections, can offer a promising solution that supports new services with strict requirements on access availability, reliability, and end-to-end (E2E) latency. The communications between vehicles can be made using different radio interfaces: One for cellular communication (i.e., cellular communication over the cellular network based on uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) connections) and the other for direct communication (i.e., D2D-based direct communications between vehicles which allows vehicular users (V-UEs) to communicate directly with others). Common cellular systems with licensed spectrum backed by direct communication using unlicensed spectrum can ensure high quality of service requirements for new intelligent transportation systems (ITS) services, increase network capacity and reduce overall delays. However, selecting a convenient radio interface and allocating radio resources to users according to the quality of service (QoS) requirements becomes a challenge. In this regard, let’s introduce a new radio resource allocation strategy to determine when it’s appropriate to establish the communication between the vehicles over a cellular network using licensed spectrum resources or D2D-based direct connections over unlicensed spectrum sharing with Wi-Fi. The proposed strategy aims at meeting the quality of service requirements of users, including reducing the possibility of exceeding the maximum delay restrictions and enhancing network capacity utilization in order to avoid service interruption. The proposed solution is evaluated by highlighting different conditions for the considered scenario, and it is demonstrated that the proposed strategy improves network performance in terms of transmitted data rate, packet success rate, latency, and resource usage
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Albonda, Haider, Kadhum Al-Majdi et Bahaa Abbas. « Developing capacity sharing strategy for vehicular networks with integrated use of licensed and unlicensed spectrum ». EUREKA : Physics and Engineering, no 3 (31 mai 2022) : 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.002352.
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A widely deployed cellular network, supported by direct connections, can offer a promising solution that supports new services with strict requirements on access availability, reliability, and end-to-end (E2E) latency. The communications between vehicles can be made using different radio interfaces: One for cellular communication (i.e., cellular communication over the cellular network based on uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) connections) and the other for direct communication (i.e., D2D-based direct communications between vehicles which allows vehicular users (V-UEs) to communicate directly with others). Common cellular systems with licensed spectrum backed by direct communication using unlicensed spectrum can ensure high quality of service requirements for new intelligent transportation systems (ITS) services, increase network capacity and reduce overall delays. However, selecting a convenient radio interface and allocating radio resources to users according to the quality of service (QoS) requirements becomes a challenge. In this regard, let’s introduce a new radio resource allocation strategy to determine when it’s appropriate to establish the communication between the vehicles over a cellular network using licensed spectrum resources or D2D-based direct connections over unlicensed spectrum sharing with Wi-Fi. The proposed strategy aims at meeting the quality of service requirements of users, including reducing the possibility of exceeding the maximum delay restrictions and enhancing network capacity utilization in order to avoid service interruption. The proposed solution is evaluated by highlighting different conditions for the considered scenario, and it is demonstrated that the proposed strategy improves network performance in terms of transmitted data rate, packet success rate, latency, and resource usage
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Jasemian, Yousef, et Lars Arendt-Nielsen. « Evaluation of a realtime, remote monitoring telemedicine system using the Bluetooth protocol and a mobile phone network ». Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 11, no 5 (1 juillet 2005) : 256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633054471911.
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A generic, realtime wireless telemedicine system has been developed that uses the Bluetooth protocol and the general packet radio service for mobile phones. The system was tested on 10 healthy volunteers, by continuous monitoring of their electrocardiograms (ECGs). Under realistic conditions, the system had 96.5% uptime, a data throughput of 3.3 kbit/s, a mean packet error rate of 8.5 × 10−3 packet/s and a mean packet loss rate of 8.2 × 10−3 packet/s. During 24 h testing, the total average downtime was 66 min and 90% of the periods of downtime were of only 1–3 min duration. Less than 10% of the ECGs were of unacceptable quality. Thus, the generic telemedicine system showed high reliability and performance, and the design may provide a foundation for realtime monitoring in clinical practice, for example in cardiology.
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Pauliukas, Arvydas, et Volodymyr Kuzhel. « THE IMPACT OF MOBILE NETWORK SETTINGS ON THE POWER CONSUMPTION OF VEHICLE REMOTE CONTROL UNITS ». Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport 13, no 1 (2021) : 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2021-13-1-94-101.
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The article is devoted to the study of the influence of mobile network settings on the energy consumption of electronic car control units. Signal quality and mobile network coverage are also important for both users and automotive devices that use real-time information from the network using cloud technologies to transmit, process and store data. For the quality of service measurements, Communications Regulatory Authority uses just HTTP data transmission (receipt) speed rate values in the operators’ UMTS (3G) networks (as CRA stated in annual report). But speed is not everything as many consumers in the industry are experiencing recently. In addition, improvements now also revolve about reducing the signaling load incurred when a radio bearer is established, modified or released. Another area for improvements is the signaling overhead on the air interface when little data is transferred as it consumes resources and causes battery drain from the mobile phone's point of view. The authors focused on the UMTS (the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) 3G network, which is among the most popular 3G mobile communication technologies. We explore the RRC state machine of large cellular networks which operate in Lithuania. Note that in UMTS network, the centralized core network (CN) is responsible for ensuring switching and routing for the end users traffic. All Network management functions and required databases are also implemented in core network. The core network domain is further divided into sub categories: serving network domain, home network domain and the transit network domain. It consists of two kinds of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Support Nodes (GSNs), in 3GPP named as Gateway GSN (GGSN) and Serving GSN (SGSN) (Figure 1). SGSN is the central node of the packet switched (PS) domain. It provides for routing functionality and interacts with databases (like Home Location Register (HLR)) and manages many Radio Network Controllers (RNCs). So the authors were researching the RRC machines of Lithuanian cellular operators’ networks. The purpose of those experiments was to identify which network could provide a best user internet browsing experience, best user equipment battery consumption feature and best radio network resource utilization scheme. We can state, that comparing all these partitions, Operator2 has the optimal configuration for user experience, UE device battery consumption and network resource utilization of RRC state machine point of view.
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Wang, Jing, Huyin Zhang, Xing Tang et Sheng Hao. « Social-aware routing for cognitive radio–based vehicular ad hoc networks ». International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no 7 (juillet 2019) : 155014771986638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719866389.
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Cognitive radio–based vehicular ad hoc networks can solve the problem of limited spectrum resource and growing vehicular communication service demands in intelligent transportation systems, and thus, it receives much concern recently. In cognitive radio–based vehicular ad hoc networks, the high mobility of vehicles and the dynamic spectrum activity of cognitive radio make routing in such networks a great challenge. Some routing researches have been proposed in cognitive radio–based vehicular ad hoc networks with single-objective optimization and neglecting the nodes’ social behaviors which can improve the network performance. From this perspective, we propose a social-aware routing scheme for cognitive radio–based vehicular ad hoc networks, with the purpose of increasing the packet delivery ratio and decreasing the overhead ratio. First, we analyze the social centrality of primary users to offer an accuracy spectrum hole measurement. Moreover, we develop a social community partition algorithm to divide secondary users into intra-community and inter-community groups. Furthermore, considering the tradeoff between the packet delivery ratio and the overhead ratio, we adopt different replication policies and forwarding ranks in different community communication processes. In the intra-community communication process, we employ the single-copy policy and the contact duration rank. In the inter-community communication process, we utilize the optimized-binary-tree replication policy and the bridge coefficient rank. Simulation results show that our social-aware routing scheme achieves the higher package delivery ratio and the lower overhead ratio when compared with the existing cognitive radio–based vehicular ad hoc networks routing schemes and other standard routing schemes.
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Jiang, Yun Hui, Li Bing Li, Qi Zhang et Zheng Chao Lu. « A Study on Wireless Private Network Technology in an Integrated Automation System for Safety Monitoring of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (septembre 2013) : 1638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.1638.
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This study analyzes the specific requirements for data transmission in an integrated automation system for safety monitoring of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. It introduces the bearing method and network structure of a private wireless digital data network (DDN) based on general packet radio service technology. Moreover, the measures adopted based on the private wireless DDN system for ensuring safe data transmission are expounded. The integration of a wireless outer network and a wired inner network has sufficiently addressed the actual demands of the project. The successful application of this system can be used as a reference for similar projects.
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Zhang, Jin Ling, Jun Wang, Xin Sheng Lv et Yun Peng Han. « Design of Health Monitoring Platform Base on Medical Wisdom ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (septembre 2014) : 1062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1062.
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This paper presents a system about health monitoring platform. The health monitoring platform design is based on the concept of medical wisdom, it achieves high degree of cooperation between patients and doctors by more intelligent, more comprehensive interconnection and more stable data transfer. There are two parts in the platform which are General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network module and monitoring and management system based on web. The implementation of the platform provides a convenient solution to telemedicine.
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Guo, Le Jiang, Yan Bin Liu, Yun Hai Yang et Wei Jiang Wang. « The Research and Realization of Traffic Service System Based on GPS and GPRS ». Advanced Materials Research 187 (février 2011) : 711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.711.
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In recent years, data service has been gaining popularity in embedded system and general packet radio service (GPRS).GPRS is one of the next-generation wireless communication technologies. This paper takes advantage of seamless GPRS data coverage and its good capacity to combine GPRS technology and GPS system, realizing real-time positioning of vehicles. This paper describes structure of the system using GPRS and GPS technology for real-time data acquisition and transmission. It transmits the data through GPRS network to the background system for centralized data processing and analysis. The analysis results are given back to administrator rapidly and timely through the wireless network. This module not only saves development and maintenance costs of a private network, and takes full advantage of the unique advantages of GPRS. Finally, this paper summarizes characteristics and advantages of the system in practical application and has good prospects.
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Iancu, Daniel, John Glossner, Gary Nacer, Stuart Stanley, Vitaly Kolashnikov et Joe Hoane. « Software defined radio platform with wideband tunable front end ». International Journal of Engineering & ; Technology 4, no 1 (11 janvier 2015) : 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v4i1.4160.
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The paper presents a Software Defined Radio (SDR) development platform with wideband tunable RF (Radio Frequency) front end. The platform is based on the SB3500 Multicore Multithreaded Vector Processor and it is intended to be used for a wide variety of communication protocols as: Time Division Duplexing/Frequency Division Duplexing Long Term Evolution (TDD/FDD LTE), Global Positioning System (GPS), Global System for Mobile/General Packet Radio Service (GSM/GPRS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Legacy Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). As an example, we describe briefly the implementation of the LTE TDD/FDD communication protocol. As far as we know, this is the only LTE category 1 communication protocol entirely developed and executed in software (SW), without any hardware (HW) accelerators.
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Meng, Hui, et Lian Pan. « Design of Update for Remote Device Based on GPRS ». Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (mai 2014) : 1910–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1910.
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Aiming at the actual demand of remote embedded devices to update, a wireless remote update system based on mobile network was designed. This paper presents the application of using general packet radio service (GPRS) to achieve update based on the embedded RTOS uC/OS-II. We describe and explore the main system hardware circuit diagram and software flow frame, the detailed process of updating and the measures to improve the stability of the system. Experimental results show that the designed system has good stability and extensive adaptability.
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Bello Said, Hilal, Rosdiadee Nordin et Nor Fadzilah Abdullah. « Energy Models of Zigbee-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart-Farm ». Jurnal Kejuruteraan 31, no 1 (30 avril 2019) : 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2019-31(1)-09.
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In this paper, we evaluated several network routing energy models for smart farm application with consideration of several factors, such as mobility, traffic size and node size using wireless ZigBee technology. The energy models considered are generic, MICA and Zigbee compliant MICAz models. Wireless sensor networks deployment under several scenarios are considered in this paper, taken into account commercial farm specification with varying complex network deployment circumstances to further understand the energy constraint and requirement of the smart farm application. Several performance indicators, such as packet delivery ratio, throughput, jitter and the energy consumption are evaluated and analysed. The simulation result shows that both throughput and packet delivery ratio increases as the nodes density is increased, indicating that, smart farm network with higher nodes density have a superior Quality of Service (QoS) than networks with sparsely deployed nodes. It is also revealed that traffic from the mobile nodes causes increase in the energy consumption, overall network throughput, average end-to-end delay and average jitter, compared to static nodes traffic. Based on the results obtained, the Generic radio energy models consumed the highest total energy, while MICAz energy consumption model offers the least consumption, having the lowest ‘Idle’ and ‘receive’ modes consumption. The MICAz model also has the lowest total consumed energy as compared with the other energy models, suggesting that it is the most suitable energy model that should be adopted for future smart farm deployment.
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Haq, Inam Ul, Qaisar Javaid, Zahid Ullah, Zafar Zaheer, Mohsin Raza, Muhammad Khalid, Ghufran Ahmed et Saleem Khan. « E2-MACH : Energy efficient multi-attribute based clustering scheme for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks ». International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no 10 (octobre 2020) : 155014772096804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720968047.
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Internet of things have emerged enough due to its applications in a wide range of fields such as governance, industry, healthcare, and smart environments (home, smart, cities, and so on). Internet of things–based networks connect smart devices ubiquitously. In such scenario, the role of wireless sensor networks becomes vital in order to enhance the ubiquity of the Internet of things devices with lower cost and easy deployment. The sensor nodes are limited in terms of energy storage, processing, and data storage capabilities, while their radio frequencies are very sensitive to noise and interference. These factors consequently threaten the energy consumption, lifetime, and throughput of network. One way to cope with energy consumption issue is energy harvesting techniques used in wireless sensor network–based Internet of things. However, some recent studies addressed the problems of clustering and routing in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks which either concentrate on energy efficiency or quality of service. There is a need of an adequate approach that can perform efficiently in terms of energy utilization as well as to ensure the quality of service. In this article, a novel protocol named energy-efficient multi-attribute-based clustering scheme (E2-MACH) is proposed which addresses the energy efficiency and communication reliability. It uses selection criteria of reliable cluster head based on a weighted function defined by multiple attributes such as link statistics, neighborhood density, current residual energy, and the rate of energy harvesting of nodes. The consideration of such parameters in cluster head selection helps to preserve the node’s energy and reduce its consumption by sending data over links possessing better signal-to-noise ratio and hence ensure minimum packet loss. The minimized packet loss ratio contributes toward enhanced network throughput, energy consumption, and lifetime with better service availability for Internet of things applications. A set of experiments using network simulator 2 revealed that our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy and other recent protocols in terms of first-node death, overall energy consumption, and network throughput.
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SHERRATT, R. SIMON, KAI ZHANG et OWEN J. WILKES. « A BLOCK COPROCESSOR FOR USER DATA RATE IMPROVEMENTS TO GPRS CODING SCHEME 4 ». Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 16, no 04 (août 2007) : 541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126607003848.
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The general packet radio service (GPRS) has been developed to allow packet data to be transported efficiently over an existing circuit-switched radio network, such as GSM. The main application of GPRS are in transporting Internet protocol (IP) datagrams from web servers (for telemetry or for mobile Internet browsers). Four GPRS baseband coding schemes are defined to offer a trade-off in requested data rates versus propagation channel conditions. However, data rates in the order of > 100 kbits/s are only achievable if the simplest coding scheme is used (CS-4) which offers little error detection and correction (EDC) (requiring excellent SNR) and the receiver hardware is capable of full duplex which is not currently available in the consumer market. A simple EDC scheme to improve the GPRS block error rate (BLER) performance is presented, particularly for CS-4, however gains in other coding schemes are seen. For every GPRS radio block that is corrected by the EDC scheme, the block does not need to be retransmitted releasing bandwidth in the channel and improving the user's application data rate. As GPRS requires intensive processing in the baseband, a viable field programmable gate array (FPGA) solution is presented in this paper.
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Vox, Giuliano, Pierfrancesco Losito, Fabio Valente, Rinaldo Consoletti, Giacomo Scarascia-Mugnozza, Evelia Schettini, Cristoforo Marzocca et Francesco Corsi. « A wireless telecommunications network for real-time monitoring of greenhouse microclimate ». Journal of Agricultural Engineering 45, no 2 (2 octobre 2014) : 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2014.237.
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An innovative wireless monitoring system for measuring greenhouse climatic parameters was developed to overcome the problems related to wires cabling such as presence of a dense net of wires hampering the cultivation practices, wires subjected to high temperature and relative humidity, rodents that can damage wires. The system exploits battery-powered environmental sensors, such as air temperature and relative humidity sensors, wind speed and direction, and solar radiation sensors, integrated in the contest of an 802.15.4-based wireless sensors network. Besides, a fruit diameter measurement sensor was integrated into the system. This approach guarantees flexibility, ease of deployment and low power consumption. Data collected from the greenhouse are then sent to a remote server via a general packet radio service link. The proposed solution has been implemented in a real environment. The test of the communication system showed that 0.3% of the sent data packed were lost; the climatic parameters measured with the wireless system were compared with data collected by the wired system showing a mean value of the absolute difference equal to 0.6°C for the value of the greenhouse air temperature. The wireless climate monitoring system showed a good reliability, while the sensor node batteries showed a lifetime of 530 days.
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Qiu, Bo. « Design of Mobile 4G Gateway Based on Zigbee Wireless Sensor Network ». International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 14, no 11 (10 novembre 2018) : 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v14i11.9518.
Texte intégralRésumé :
To realize the design of mobile 4G gateway of ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN), a scheme of wireless remote monitoring based on ZigBee and general packet radio service (GPRS) WSN gateway system is proposed. The scheme combines the advantages of short distance, low power consumption, low cost and long distance popular communication of ZigBee technology, and uses the system architecture of ZigBee + GPRS + Android. On this hardware platform, the transplantation of Android system and the development of related hardware device drivers are designed and implemented, so as to build the software platform of the system. Based on the software and hardware platform of the system, the related applications are designed and realized according to the function requirements of the system, and the software and hardware platform and the application program are tested and analyzed. The test results show that the system runs steadily and has good performance. To sum up, the hardware platform has the advantages of low energy consumption, high performance and scalability.
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Careglio, Davide, Salvatore Spadaro, Albert Cabellos, Jose Antonio Lazaro, Pere Barlet-Ros, Joan Manel Gené, Jordi Perelló et al. « Results and Achievements of the ALLIANCE Project : New Network Solutions for 5G and Beyond ». Applied Sciences 11, no 19 (30 septembre 2021) : 9130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199130.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Leaving the current 4th generation of mobile communications behind, 5G will represent a disruptive paradigm shift integrating 5G Radio Access Networks (RANs), ultra-high-capacity access/metro/core optical networks, and intra-datacentre (DC) network and computational resources into a single converged 5G network infrastructure. The present paper overviews the main achievements obtained in the ALLIANCE project. This project ambitiously aims at architecting a converged 5G-enabled network infrastructure satisfying those needs to effectively realise the envisioned upcoming Digital Society. In particular, we present two networking solutions for 5G and beyond 5G (B5G), such as Software Defined Networking/Network Function Virtualisation (SDN/NFV) on top of an ultra-high-capacity spatially and spectrally flexible all-optical network infrastructure, and the clean-slate Recursive Inter-Network Architecture (RINA) over packet networks, including access, metro, core and DC segments. The common umbrella of all these solutions is the Knowledge-Defined Networking (KDN)-based orchestration layer which, by implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, enables an optimal end-to-end service provisioning. Finally, the cross-layer manager of the ALLIANCE architecture includes two novel elements, namely the monitoring element providing network and user data in real time to the KDN, and the blockchain-based trust element in charge of exchanging reliable and confident information with external domains.
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Park, Jeong-Hyeon, Yeong-Jin Kim, Yun-Ju Lee et Jeong-Mo Yang. « PPP CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) Modification for Wireless Internet Access of Remote Mobile Subscriber on GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Network ». KIPS Transactions:PartC 9C, no 4 (1 août 2002) : 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/kipstc.2002.9c.4.551.
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Ramanjaneyulu, B. Seetha, et K. Annapurna. « Supporting Real-Time Data Transmissions in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Queue Shifting Mechanism ». International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 12, no 1 (janvier 2021) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.20210101.oa1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
As cognitive radio networks are conceptualized to make use of the opportunistic spectrum access, the users of these networks may face problems in satisfying their quality of service (QoS) requirements. Some services of users like real-time audio and video which cannot tolerate inter-packet delays will be affected more due to this. The problem occurs due to the non-availability of channels to these applications at some instants. This problem can be addressed if the available channels are judiciously distributed among the competing users. One such mechanism that dynamically allocates the competing users to multiple queues, and shifting the users to higher-level queues as the time elapses is introduced in this work. This is found to help the users of cognitive radio networks to communicate reasonably well even when fewer channels are available for opportunistic use. Results are indicated in terms of blocking probabilities of real-time data. Markov chain-based analysis and discrete event simulation studies are carried out.
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Wang, Xiao Guang, Zong Ming Ren et Zhong Yu Ma. « Monitoring and Management of Source Water Pollution Based on a New Bio-Optoelectronic System in Jinan, China ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 541-542 (mars 2014) : 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.541-542.1350.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A new bio-optoelectronic system, which included the behavior (aquatic organism) monitoring system and the water physiochemical factor monitoring system, was developed for the purpose of the management of accidental pollution events in water resource in Jinan, China. The system included a monitoring center and three monitoring stations. Communication between the monitoring stations and the monitoring center was mainly by the General Packet Radio Service network transmission complemented by a dial-up connection for use when this service was unavailable. The results suggested that once an accidental pollution occurred, the system would make a comprehensive evaluation based on the Self-Organising Map analysis on the monitoring data and some decision would be made based on the Emergency Management of Accidental Pollution. As a result, the new bio-optoelectronic system provided an effective approach on the management of accidental pollution events in drinking water supply.
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KAKAULA RAMESHWARAMMA et N MAGESWARI. « IMPLEMENTATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES AS FLYING BASE STATIONS TO ASSIST 5G NETWORKS ». international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no 1 (2023) : 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i01.024.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Current wireless communication networks are not able to accommodate the increase in broadband data and are currently encountering fundamental challenges like higher data rate and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, energy efficiency and excellent end-to-end performance and user coverage in overcrowded areas and hotspots whilst maintaining extremely low latency and high bandwidth. The deployment of 5G networks aims to address such challenges by introducing multiple advancements to the network and implementing new technologies to evolve new radio networks. This will primarily be done by introducing the 5G New Radio, which is the radio technology that is being developed to support the 5G technologies that will solve the problems mentioned previously. With the New Radio implementation, the next generation networks will accommodate the growing data rates. The networks are expected to attain a mobile data volume per unit area that is 1,000 times higher than current networks. Over 10-100 times the number of current connected devices is expected to be accommodated by 5G networks. Coverage is primarily the crucial problem with 5G networks, requiring the densification of urban areas with heterogeneous networks and the deployment of more closely packed terrestrial MBSs. However, this is not cost-effective and can be more complex as terrestrial network replanning will be required. The issue can be overcome by integrating UAVs into the network infrastructure as FBSs.
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Al-Absi, Mohammed Abdulhakim, Ahmed Abdulhakim Al-Absi, TaeYong Kim et Hoon Jae Lee. « An environmental channel throughput and radio propagation modeling for vehicle-to-vehicle communication ». International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no 4 (avril 2018) : 155014771877253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718772535.
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Developing a secure and smart intelligent transport system for both safety and non-safety application services requires a certain guarantee of network performance, especially in terms of throughput and packet collision performance. The vehicular ad hoc network propagation is strongly affected due to varying nature of the environment. The existing radio propagation path loss models are designed by using mean additional attenuation sophisticated fading models. However, these models do not consider the obstacle caused due to the obstacle of the vehicle in line of sight of the transmitting and receiving vehicle. Thus, the attenuation signal at the receiving vehicles/devices is affected. To address this issue, we present an obstacle-based radio propagation model that considers the effect caused due to the presence of obstructing vehicle in line of sight. This model is evaluated under different environmental conditions (i.e. city, highway, and rural) by varying the speed of vehicles and vehicles’ density. The performance of the model is evaluated in terms of throughput, collision, transmission efficiency, and packet delivery ratio. The overall result shows that the proposed obstacle-based throughput model is efficient considering varied speed and density. For instance, in the city environment, the model achieves an average improvement of 9.98% and 25.02% for throughput performance over other environments by varying the speed and density of devices respectively and an improvement of 15.04% for packet delivery ratio performance over other environments considering varied speed of devices.
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Li, Cheng Lin, et Zhi Yong Jiang. « Design of Urban Vehicle Dynamic and Real-Time Navigation System Based on WSNs, GPS, and GPRS Techniques ». Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (septembre 2013) : 3291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.3291.
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Currently, the traffic congestion is a significant problem encountered in urban development, which should be resolved depending primarily on the management and deployment under the circumstance that road construction isn't able to keep the pace of automobile growth. WSNs (Wireless sensor networks), made up of numerous sensor nodes, form a multi-hop and self-organizing cellular system by wireless communication, which can realize real-time monitoring and collecting environmental information by cooperation. In this paper, a design of real-time and dynamic city vehicle navigation system is presented based on WSNs, GPS(Global Positioning System), and GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) techniques..
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Li, Dong, et Yong Zhou. « Design and Realization of an Online Power Quality Monitoring System Based on DSP and GPRS ». Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (septembre 2013) : 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.598.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In order to evaluate power quality more accurately and synthesize the characteristics of the distribution, which has nodes in large quantity and area, an online power quality monitoring system (PQMS) is developed by using the digital signal processor (DSP) and the general packet radio service (GPRS). This PQMS consists of two parts: the power quality monitor (PQM) which is designed on the structure of DSP and the monitoring software (MS) in upper computer which is designed on the platform of LabVIEW. GPRS network provides the communication channel for these two parts. Therefore, supervisors can monitor and analyze the power quality from a long distance. In this paper, the design and realization of each part are described in detail. Experimental results show that the proposed system is fast in response with high accuracy and has the ability of real-time processing.
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Zhang, Xing Cheng, Yun Xu Fu, Jin Yong Yu, Yue Peng Yan et Jian Qiang Liu. « A Rapid Way to Build Prototypes of Wireless Sensor Network Based on Virtual Instruments Technology ». Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (juillet 2011) : 1588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.1588.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper presents a new approach to build prototypes of Wireless Sensor Network rapidly based on virtual instruments technology. There are two different methods introduced in this paper. One of the two methods uses WSN (short for Wireless Sensor Network) Node and WSN Gateway manufactured by NI (short for National Instruments). The other method adopts Compact RIO (short for Reconfigurable Input and Output) and GPRS (short for General Packet Radio Service) module. Though they are two different methods, they have the same structure. Both of the two methods adopt DAQ (short for data acquisition) card and sensors to acquire specified data. The DAQ card and sensors compose a node which can sense and process data. Different nodes form a local area WSN. Nodes within a local area WSN communicate with each other via ZigBee or other means of communication. The local area WSN can access the Internet via a WSN Gateway or GPRS module. Modular hardware and graphic programming language LabVIEW (short for Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench) are adopted in this proposed approach.
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Luan, Zhijun, et Hunli Fan. « Design and Implementation of Wireless Sensor Cellular Network Based on Android Platform ». International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 15, no 01 (17 janvier 2019) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i01.9774.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<span lang="EN-US">t</span><span lang="EN-US">he fusion of cellular network and wireless sensor network is the key research problem of Internet of Things (IoT) technology at present. The design and implementation of wireless sensor cellular network based on Android platform is mainly studied. Firstly, wireless sensor network and cellular network, Android platform, cellular network and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) fusion strategy, and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) gateway platform are introduced. Then related functions are introduced, mainly including terminal registration management, connection management, authentication management, terminal fault management, and communication message design on the gateway and sensor network side. Finally, related functional tests are conducted. The results show that the designed application layer gateway system can connect the sensor network with the cellular network.</span><span lang="DE"> Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) and cellular network covers the whole world, while cellular network has been interconnected with the Internet through Access Network Technologies such as General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), The Fourth Generation of Mobile Phone Mobile Communication Technology Standards (4G) and Long Term Evolution (LTE), thus enabling the sensor network to access the Internet anytime and anywhere</span>
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Li, Duan Song, Yan Jun Liu et Peng Jian Peng. « Study of Wireless Electricity Acquisition System Based on GPRS for Seawave Power ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (novembre 2012) : 1166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.1166.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper presents a new wireless electricity acquisition system based on General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology which is designed according to the requirements of the seawave power for real-time and reliability of data transmission. The direct connection between GPRS network and Internet is effectively used in this system to establish the wireless communication channel, so as to realize the real-time and reliable collection and transmission of the power parameters of the seawave power system. The communication principles and characteristics of the GPRS technology are systematically introduced in this paper. The hardware and software composition, communication model and implementation of the wireless power acquisition system are described particularly. Extensive experiments show that the system has advantages of simple structure, high transfer rate, low running cost and high reliability.
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Wang, Yi Wang, Bo Zhang, Feng Wen Cao et Hui Pan. « FFU Motors Remote Monitoring System Based on Power Line Communication and GPRS ». Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (janvier 2012) : 5113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.5113.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In view of the advantage of low voltage power line carrier technique and general packet radio service(GPRS), a solution of fan filter unit(FFU) motor remote mointoring system based on GPRS and low voltage power line communication is introduced. This system combines a framework of low voltage power line communication and GPRS network with host computer monitoring center, which changes the traditional FFU motor control mode, and realize FFU motor remote real-time on-line automatic monitoring.The system implementation methods were described in detail, and the hardware and sofware design were given.The test and practice showed that the proposed has higher efficient and stronger anti-interference capability, which met the requirements of networkization and intelligentization, and a better way for the FFU motor control. The designed system has good application value.
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Latupapua, Haziel, Andrias Izaac Latupapua, Abdi Wahab et Mudrik Alaydrus. « Wireless Sensor Network Design for Earthquake’s and Landslide’s Early Warnings ». Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no 2 (1 août 2018) : 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i2.pp437-445.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<p>Indonesia including the earthquake-prone areas because Indonesia is situated between three tectonic plates and in the Maluku island it self has a fault line 10 zones, the impact of frequent tectonic earthquake on the island of Maluku resulted in a domino effect, such as the frequent occurrence of soil landslides at several points in the city of Ambon, and due to faults that occur lead ease rising sea levels to population centers so Ambon was becoming flooded. This research aims to design and analyzing measurements of earthquake monitoring system indication and landslides integrated via Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) by implementing a star topology, technology, ZigBee, WiFi technology Shield and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). Researchers technology utilizes Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to acquire and distribute widely the data to be monitored and controlled centrally.By detecting suspicious indicators such as tremor or landslides through nodes or end devices, the system provides information to the number of monitors and warnings. The system can also be accessed in real-time via the website by accessing the IP address of the Wireless-LAN devices Wi-Fi Arduino Shield.</p>
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Huang, Peng, Feng Lin et Jiliu Zhou. « ACO-Based Routing Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks ». Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/264504.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are an outstanding solution to improve efficiency of spectrum usage. Secondary users in cognitive networks may select from a set of available channels to use provided that the occupancy does not affect the prioritized licensed users. However, CRNs produce unique routing challenges due to the high fluctuation in the available spectrum as well as diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. In CRNs, distributed multihop architecture and time varying spectrum availability are some of the key factors in design of routing algorithms. In this paper, we develop an ant-colony-optimization- (ACO-) based on-demand cognitive routing algorithm (ACO-OCR), jointly consider path and spectrum scheduling, and take advantage of the availability of multiple channels, to improve the delivery latency and packet loss rate. Then, an analytical framework based on M/G/1 queuing theory is introduced to illustrate the relay node queuing model. The performances of ACO-OCR have been evaluated by means of numerical simulations, and the experimental results confirm its effectiveness. Simulation results show that ACO-OCR outperforms other routing approaches in end-to-end path latency and package loss rate.
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Park, Seongmin, Byungsun Cho, Dowon Kim et Ilsun You. « Machine Learning Based Signaling DDoS Detection System for 5G Stand Alone Core Network ». Applied Sciences 12, no 23 (5 décembre 2022) : 12456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122312456.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Research to deal with distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks was kicked off from long ago and has seen technological advancement along with an extensive 5G footprint. Prior studies, and still newer ones, in the realm of DDoS attacks in the 5G environment appear to be focused primarily on radio access network (RAN) and voice service network, meaning that there is no attempt to mitigate DDoS attacks targeted on core networks (CN) by applying artificial intelligence (AI) in modeling. In particular, such components of a CN as the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), and User Plane Function (UPF), all being principal functions enabled to provide 5G services as base stations do, provide expansive connectivity with geographically very large area coverage that cannot be matched by the base stations. Moreover, to complete re-registration for one UE, required messages in protocols Packet Forwarding Control Protocol (PFCP) and HTTP/2 are approximately 40 in number. This implies that a DDoS attack targeting the CN has, once accomplished, a greater than expected impact, when compared to DDoS attacks targeting the RAN. Therefore, security mechanisms for the CN must be put into practice. This research proposes a method, along with a threat detection system, to mitigate signaling DDoS attacks targeted on 5G SA (standalone) CNs. It is verified that the use of fundamental ML classifiers together with preprocessing with entropy-based analysis (EBA) and statistics-based analysis (SBA) enables us to proactively react against signaling DDoS attacks. Additionally, the evaluation results manifest that the random forest achieves the best detection performance, with an average accuracy of 98.7%.
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Libati, Hastings M., Captain F. Kanungwe, Fines Miyoba et Ndiwa Mutemwa. « Development of a Real Time Trains Monitoring System ». Zambia ICT Journal 1, no 1 (11 décembre 2017) : 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33260/zictjournal.v1i1.15.
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With the evolution of technology that has occurred in digital systems, new services have appeared that can be applied in railways. Radio communications play an important role in the management of, exploration and maintenance of railway transports. Due to the importance of efficient service delivery and security in railways, there is need to integrate the use of the Global System for Mobile communication and global positioning systems. Transportation is a large and important part of the economy of any country. Railway transportation is one of the main transportation systems worldwide. To this effect, we should have a good and strong monitoring system that can locate a train at every instant. In this research, a proposal has been made for the implementation of a Global Positioning System (GPS) and global system for mobile communication (GSM) based train monitoring system on Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) railway network that will enable controllers locate their trains at every instant. The GPS-GSM/GPRS (General Packet Radio System) module will be incorporated in the system. A GSM/GPRS module will transmit the location information to a web server. Every track and locomotive will be assigned a unique number for identification. The information of the train location will be continuously updated when the train is moving and the users will be accessing the information via the web. The updated information will be stored in the web server. Clients will request for particular train status and a designed web application will show the status in a Google map. An alternative radio voice communication system will be incorporated in the locomotives in case of failure on the monitoring system. This implementation will greatly improve service delivery to the company.
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Liu, Yingji, Kan Zhao, Chen Ding et Yu Yao. « Data Compression and Transmission Method of Vehicle Monitoring Information Collection Based on CAN Bus ». International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 7, no 2 (avril 2015) : 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2015040102.
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Real-time remote monitoring and fault diagnosis for commercial buses has important significance in reducing the occurrence of potential accidents. This paper presents a real-time remote monitoring system for the running state of commercial passenger buses. The vehicle Controller Area Network (CAN) bus is able to collect the information of key indicators being monitored, such as brake pressure, oil pressure and fault code. Then, the collected data are uploaded to the central remote monitoring platform through a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) module for further analysis and decision-making. In this work, a classification based data acquisition method and a hybrid configuration data transmission method are proposed to improve the efficiency of data acquisition and transmission. The authors also proposed a Run-length based relative coding algorithm to compress the massive monitoring data. Experimental results shows the average data compression ratio is 32.17%, which effectively reduces the data transmission cost.
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Mamane, Asmae, M. Fattah, M. El Ghazi, Y. Balboul, M. El Bekkali et S. Mazer. « Proportional fair buffer scheduling algorithm for 5G enhanced mobile broadband ». International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no 5 (1 octobre 2021) : 4165. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i5.pp4165-4173.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The impending next generation of mobile communications denoted 5G intends to interconnect user equipment, things, vehicles, and cities. It will provide an order of magnitude improvement in performance and network efficiency, and different combinations of use cases enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive internet of things (mIoT) with new capabilities and diverse requirements. Adoption of advanced radio resource management procedures such as packet scheduling algorithms is necessary to distribute radio resources among different users efficiently. The proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm and its modified versions have proved to be the commonly used scheduling algorithms for their ability to provide a tradeoff between throughput and fairness. In this article, the buffer status is combined with the PF metric to suggest a new scheduling algorithm for efficient support for eMBB. The effectiveness of the proposed scheduling strategy is proved through à comprehensive experimental analysis based on the evaluation of different quality of service key performance indicators (QoS KPIs) such as throughput, fairness, and buffer status.
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Hsiao, C. C., R. G. Lee, I. C. Chou, C. C. Lin et D. Y. Huang. « A TELE-EMERGENT SYSTEM FOR LONG-TERM ECG MONITORING OVER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK ». Biomedical Engineering : Applications, Basis and Communications 19, no 03 (juin 2007) : 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237207000240.
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This paper presents the design and implementation of a tele-emergent system to provide constant monitoring of cardiac patients. Our system is consisted of a user integration device attached to the patient, a wireless sensor network (WSN) and a medical gateway installed in the patient's home, and a server set up in the hospital. The user integration device includes Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition and processing circuit utilizing a "Modified So and Chan" QRS detection algorithm to discriminate the R signal wave and calculate RR intervals to subsequently detect abnormal Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and a Bluetooth transmission module to communicate with WSN. The WSN which is consisted of wireless sensor nodes with power-saving scheme is used to relay the ECG data to the medical gateway for ubiquitous monitoring at home. The medical gateway includes the heart disease symptom recognition system to further analyze the ECG data and recognize the symptoms of serious heart diseases, and a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) module with Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) to communicate with the server in the hospital. The server in the hospital can passively process the MMS messages from the medical gateway, and actively send commands to the medical gateway to acquire the needed ECG data from the patient. With our integrated system it is possible to provide real-time and long-term monitoring of physiological data for cardiac patients which is vital for the patients' medical care.
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Ramalingam, Mritha, S. J. Sultanuddin, N. Nithya, T. F. Michael Raj, T. Rajesh Kumar, S. J. Suji Prasad, Essam A. Al-Ammar, M. H. Siddique et Sridhar Udayakumar. « Light Weight Deep Learning Algorithm for Voice Call Quality of Services (Qos) in Cellular Communication ». Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (30 août 2022) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6084044.
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In this paper, a deep learning algorithm was proposed to ensure the voice call quality of the cellular communication networks. This proposed model was consecutively monitoring the voice data packets and ensuring the proper message between the transmitter and receiver. The phone sends its unique identification code to the station. The telephone and station maintain a constant radio connection and exchange packets from time to time. The phone can communicate with the station via analog protocol (NMT-450) or digital (DAMPS, GSM). Cellular networks may have base stations of different standards, which allow you to improve network performance and improve its coverage. Cellular networks are different operators connected to each other, as well as a fixed telephone network that allows subscribers of one operator to another to make calls from mobile phones to landlines and from landlines to mobiles. The simulation is conducted in Matlab against different performance metrics, that is, related to the quality of service metric. The results of the simulation show that the proposed method has a higher QoS rate than the existing method over an average of 97.35%.
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Purbakawaca, Rady, Arief Sabdo Yuwono, Husin Alatas et I. Dewa Made Subrata. « Low-cost nitrogen dioxide monitoring station based on metal oxide sensor and cellular network ». Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no 1 (1 avril 2022) : 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i1.pp105-115.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Air pollution <span lang="EN-US">has a negative impact on the environment and human health. Meanwhile, the number of conventional air quality monitoring stations is minimal due to high procurement and operational costs. This study proposes a nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) pollutant measurement system using the metal oxide sensor (MOX) sensor and cellular network for data transmission in the measurement area. A calibration curve is used to measure NO<sub>2 </sub>levels based on the sensor's internal resistance changes. Measurement data of NO<sub>2 </sub>concentration, air temperature, relative humidity, and geospatial information are compiled and sent via global positioning system (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS) radio communication with transmission intervals of every minute. The database server processes the data and displays it on the web application. System testing results at the Tugu Kujang Bogor at 15:38:00-16:38:00 September 23, 2021, showed that the concentration of NO<sub>2</sub> ranged from 0.16-0.52ppm with an average of 270 ppb with an AQI of 133 in the unhealthy category for the sensitive group. The measured NO<sub>2</sub> levels are outside the range of the NO<sub>2 </sub>concentration database in the industrial areas of Bogor and Jakarta for the 2016-2020 period. Therefore, this system provides an excellent opportunity to obtain real-time measurement data in the field.</span>
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Nguyen, Liem D., Hong T. Nguyen, Phuong D. N. Dang, Trung Q. Duong et Loi K. Nguyen. « Design of an automatic hydro-meteorological observation network for a real-time flood warning system : a case study of Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin, Vietnam ». Journal of Hydroinformatics 23, no 2 (5 janvier 2021) : 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2021.124.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract This paper presents an interdisciplinary approach, along with Vietnam's legal frameworks, to design an automatic hydro-meteorological (HM) observation network for a real-time flood warning system in Vu Gia-Thu Bon (VGTB) river basin, Vietnam. The automatic HM monitoring network consists of weather-proof enclosures containing data loggers, rechargeable batteries, sensors for air temperature, air humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, water level with attached solar panels and mounted upon masts located at fixed ground stations. A total of 20 meteorological stations and five hydrological stations have been built in VGTB river basin. To capture changes in weather and stream flow in the basin, the 5-minute and half-hour recording frequency options were set for meteorological and hydrological variables, respectively. All HM data was transmitted every 30 minutes to the data server at the data processing centre via Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)/General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network. These data were then input into hydrological-hydraulic models for inundation simulation in the basin. The results showed that the performance of flood simulation at hourly time step has significantly improved during flood events in September and November 2015. Overall, near-real-time HM data recording from an automatic monitoring network proved beneficial for an flood early warning system.
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Zeng, Han, Pengqi Zuo, Fangming Deng et Pei Zhang. « Monitoring System of Transmission Line in Mountainous Area Based on LPWAN ». Energies 13, no 18 (18 septembre 2020) : 4898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184898.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In light of the difficulty of the inspection and maintenance of a transmission line condition monitoring system in remote mountainous areas, this paper proposes a long-term online monitoring scheme based on a low power wide area network (LPWAN). Considering different failure rates, three monitoring periods of transmission lines in mountainous areas are proposed. An online monitoring framework of transmission lines in mountainous areas was designed based on long range radio (LoRa) and a cellular mobile network, and a dynamic group network model of LoRa was established. The multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm can be used to optimize the energy and delay of the system, and then the suitable working mode for the three monitoring periods can be obtained. The simulation results showed that the minimum packet loss rate of the system could be less than 1%, the energy consumption of the system was 80% lower than the existing monitoring system, and the service life of the system can reach 15.13 years under the normal failure rate. Compared with the existing schemes, the proposed work shows the advantages of high reliability transmission, low cost and long-term monitoring, which is especially for transmission line monitoring in mountainous areas.
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Strigaro, Daniele, Massimiliano Cannata et Milan Antonovic. « Boosting a Weather Monitoring System in Low Income Economies Using Open and Non-Conventional Systems : Data Quality Analysis ». Sensors 19, no 5 (8 mars 2019) : 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051185.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In low-income and developing countries, inadequate weather monitoring systems adversely affect the capacity of managing natural resources and related risks. Low-cost and IoT devices combined with a large diffusion of mobile connection and open technologies offer a possible solution to this problem. This research quantitatively evaluates the data quality of a non-conventional, low-cost and fully open system. The proposed novel solution was tested for a duration of 8 months, and the collected observations were compared with a nearby authoritative weather station. The experimental weather station is based in Arduino and transmits data through the 2G General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) to the istSOS which is a software to set-up a web service to collect, share and manage observations from sensor networks using the Sensor Observation Service (SOS) standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). The results demonstrated that this accessible solution produces data of appropriate quality for natural resource and risk management.
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Nalapko, Oleksii, Oleg Sova, Andrii Shyshatskyi, Anatolii Hasan, Vira Velychko, Oleksandr Trotsko, Dmytro Merkotan, Nadiia Protas, Roman Lazuta et Оleksandr Yakovchuk. « Analysis of mathematical models of mobility of communication systems of special purpose radio communication systems ». Technology audit and production reserves 4, no 2(60) (31 juillet 2021) : 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.237433.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The object of research is the military radio communication system. One of the problems in improving the effectiveness of military radio communication systems is the correct description of the movement process in them. Efficient routing protocols are only possible if reliable information on network topology for network nodes is available. Thus, with this information, packets can be forwarded correctly between the sender and the recipient. Given that the mobility of individual nodes is insignificant in special wireless networks, nodes in the network show the mobility properties of a group of nodes. This observation is directly related to the very existence of military wireless networks with the ability to organize themselves, that is, to support group cooperation and group activities. In this work the problem of analysis (decomposition) of the mobility models of military radio communication networks with the possibility of self-organization is solved. The classification of mobility patterns, the description of individual mobility models and the analysis of various aspects currently available, as well as those properties lacking in the attempt to simulate the movement of individual nodes, have been carried out. During the research, the analysis of random, semi-deterministic and deterministic models was carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of the above models have been identified. In the course of the research, the authors of the work used the main principles of the theory of mass service, the theory of automation, the theory of complex technical systems, as well as general scientific methods of knowledge, namely analysis and synthesis. The research results will be useful in: ‒ synthesis of mathematical models of node mobility; ‒ evaluation of the effectiveness of the science-based tool for assessing the mobility of nodes; ‒ validation of recommendations to improve the efficiency of mobile radio networks; ‒ analysis of the radio-electronic situation during the conduct of military operations (operations); ‒ creating advanced technologies to improve the efficiency of mobile radio networks.