Articles de revues : « Foundational economy »

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Earle, Joe, Julie Froud, Sukhdev Johal et Karel Williams. « Foundational economy and foundational politics ». Welsh Economic Review 26 (18 décembre 2018) : 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18573/wer.146.

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Nygaard, Birgitte, et Teis Hansen. « Local development through the foundational economy ? Priority-setting in Danish municipalities ». Local Economy : The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 35, n^o 8 (décembre 2020) : 768–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02690942211010380.

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The foundational economy perspective suggests that industries, which provide services essential to all citizens’ well-being and participation in everyday life, should be placed centrally in economic development policy. This article studies the extent to which local governments put emphasis on foundational industries in their strategies for development. Moreover, drivers behind priority-setting are examined. Based on an analysis of all 98 Danish municipalities’ planning strategies and semi-structured interviews with relevant actors from two rural municipalities, we find that foundational industries are to a great extent emphasised, even if they are not characterised as the foundation for economic development. Rather, foundational industries are prioritised in the absence of other options or when municipalities are not compelled to put local job creation as a crucial focus to attract and maintain inhabitants.

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Froud, Julie, Colin Haslam, Sukhdev Johal et Karel Williams. « (How) does productivity matter in the foundational economy ? » Local Economy : The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 35, n^o 4 (juin 2020) : 316–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094220956952.

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Academics and policy makers have increasingly recognised the importance of mundane economic activities – variously termed foundational or everyday. The foundational or everyday economy is now featuring in local industrial strategy and economic action plans, because the desirable high-tech sectors on the ‘frontier’ cannot diffuse prosperity within and between regions. This article aims to distinguish between several different approaches to the foundational or everyday economy and argues that a constructive approach needs to break with the preoccupation about improving productivity. This argument is developed in three stages. First, we distinguish between a social approach and a more technical economic approach to delimiting this other mundane economy; the defining feature of the foundational in the social approach is contribution to wellbeing and in the technical economic approach it is low productivity. The second section presents and explores productivity evidence on output per worker hour across a range of foundational activities and by region. Drawing out the implications of observed diversity and heterogeneity, the third section develops an argument about how productivity has limited relevance as measure and target in foundational activities.

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Bärnthaler, Richard, Andreas Novy et Leonhard Plank. « The Foundational Economy as a Cornerstone for a Social–Ecological Transformation ». Sustainability 13, n^o 18 (20 septembre 2021) : 10460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810460.

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This theoretical paper synthesises research on the foundational economy and its contribution to a social–ecological transformation. While foundational thinking offers rich concepts and policies to transition towards such transformation, it fails to grasp the systematic non-sustainability of capitalism. This weakness can be overcome by enriching contemporary foundational thinking with feminist and ecological economics. Whereas the feminist critique problematises foundational thinking’s focus on paid labour, the ecological critique targets Sen’s capability approach as a key inspiration of foundational thinking, arguing that a theory of human needs is better suited to conceptualise wellbeing within planetary boundaries. Based on this, we outline a novel schema of economic zones and discuss their differentiated contributions to the satisfaction of human needs. By privileging need satisfaction, such broadened foundational thinking demotes the tradable sector and rentier economy, thereby revaluating unpaid work as well as respecting ecological imperatives. This empowers new articulations of social and ecological struggles to improve living conditions in the short run, while having the potential in the long run to undermine capitalism from within.

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Storti, Luca, Marta de la Cuesta et Cristina Ruza y Paz-Curbera. « Imprenditorialità sociale e foundational economy : percorsi e intersezioni ». SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, n^o 142 (juin 2016) : 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2016-142009.

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Wahlund, Madeleine, et Teis Hansen. « Exploring alternative economic pathways : a comparison of foundational economy and Doughnut economics ». Sustainability : Science, Practice and Policy 18, n^o 1 (1 mars 2022) : 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2022.2030280.

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Sundell, Taavi. « Toward a Post-Foundational Political Economy : Economism and Private Property as Capitalism’s Contingent Foundations ». New Political Science 43, n^o 1 (2 janvier 2021) : 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2021.1873680.

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Morgan, Kevin. « After the Pandemic : Experimental Governance and the Foundational Economy ». Symphonya. Emerging Issues in Management, n^o 1 (2021) : 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4468/2021.1.05morgan.

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The purpose of this article is to outline the convergence – an intellectual as well as a political convergence – of two concepts that will play a critically important role in fashioning a more inclusive and more sustainable model of development in the post-Covid world. The first concerns the concept of the Foundational Economy, which offers a new lens through which to view and value social and economic activity by highlighting the significance of a range of goods and services that loom large in terms of meeting human needs. The second concerns the concept of Experimental Governance, which offers a multilevel framework in which to understand place-based social innovation, a framework which overcomes the shortcomings of principal-agent models of collective action as well as the binaries associated with top-down versus bottom-up theories of change.

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McClennen, Edward F. « Foundational explorations for a normative theory of political economy ». Constitutional Political Economy 1, n^o 1 (décembre 1990) : 67–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02393034.

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Engelen, Ewald, Julie Froud, Sukhdev Johal, Angelo Salento et Karel Williams. « The grounded city : from competitivity to the foundational economy ». Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 10, n^o 3 (30 août 2017) : 407–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsx016.

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Reynolds, Laura, Dylan Henderson, Chen Xu et Laura Norris. « Digitalisation and the foundational economy : A digital opportunity or a digital divide for less-developed regions ? » Local Economy : The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 36, n^o 6 (septembre 2021) : 451–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02690942211072239.

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The foundational economy’s heightened traction in academic and policy discussion stems in part from its potential to mitigate challenges faced by less-developed regions. While supporting foundational sectors may contribute to inclusive and sustainable growth, we question whether digitalisation can enable these aims. Through a case study of Wales, we point to the differences in digital capability of foundational and non-foundational businesses in urban and rural parts of the region. We show that while investment in digital infrastructure and digital technology use may support the foundational economy, digital barriers risk countering the benefits of its sectors’ embeddedness and exacerbating spatial divides.

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Konings, Martijn. « The logic of leverage : Reflections on post-foundational political economy ». Finance and Society 4, n^o 2 (30 novembre 2018) : 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/finsoc.v4i2.2875.

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This rejoinder takes up some of the points that have been raised by the reviews of Capital and Time in this forum. It engages the question of how political economy should position itself vis-à-vis concerns about the dangers of essentialism and teleological explanation. It argues that a proper theorization of the logic of ‘leverage’ is key to the development of a political economy that appropriates the insights of post-foundational theory but is still able to account for the reality of power and inequality.

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Leaver, Adam, et Karel Williams. « After the 30-year experiment : The future of the ‘foundational economy’ ». Juncture 21, n^o 3 (décembre 2014) : 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2050-5876.2014.00808.x.

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EGINA, N. A., et А. А. BALYASOVA. « CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY`S INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT FORMATION ». EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE : PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, n^o 8 (2020) : 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.08.02.003.

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Today, many governments set a course for the digital transformation, which allows them to move to a new level of economic development. The article examines the history of digital economy’s concept, and also shows the importance of building such an economy for the economic security of the country at the present time. It is obvious that the foundational element for effective digitalization is the institutional environment transformation. Problems of adaptation of the population and business to the wide spread of digital technologies are described. The author suggests a mechanism for institutional support in the "digital economy" projection.

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Sundell, Taavi. « Political economy of Plan S : a post-foundational perspective on Open Access ». Political Research Exchange 3, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 1934049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2474736x.2021.1934049.

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Bifulco, Lavinia, et Stefano Neri. « Foundational Economy and Healthcare Services : What the Covid-19 Emergency Tells Us ». Forum for Social Economics 51, n^o 2 (28 mars 2022) : 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07360932.2022.2056226.

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HARDIN, RUSSELL. « Liberal distrust ». European Review 10, n^o 1 (février 2002) : 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798702000078.

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The beginning of political and economic liberalism is distrust. This claim is clearer for economic liberalism than for political liberalism because it is overtly foundational in economic liberalism, which was directed against the intrusions of the state in economic affairs. Those intrusions typically had the obvious purpose of securing economic advantages for some by restricting opportunities for others, although some of them may have been merely capricious or ignorantly intended. The hostility to such economic intrusions led to the form of the American constitution, with its principal purpose to restrict government and its actions in the economy or, in the lexicon of the time, in commerce. James Madison saw the creation of an open economy or untrammelled commerce as the main achievement of the new constitution.

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McCruden, Kevin B. « Monarchy and economy in Tertullian's Adversus Praxeam ». Scottish Journal of Theology 55, n^o 3 (août 2002) : 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930602000340.

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This essay explores the deeper theological presuppositions foundational to Tertullian's defense of the Logos-theology in the Adversus Praxeam. After providing a brief description and historical contextualization of the monarchian argument that Tertullian opposes, this essay then explores the unique manner in which Tertullian attempts to redefine the notion of the divine monarchy through a renewed understanding of the divine economy. This essay proposes that Tertullian reflects upon the notion of the economy in a decidedly internal fashion, emphasizing the inner relations within the depths of the divine, in order both to preserve the idea of the Father's invisibility, and to steer away from a model of the economy as historically conceived.

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Downing, F. Gerald. « Friends in God : A Foundational Motif in Classical Reflections on the Divine Economy ». Anglican Theological Review 97, n^o 3 (juin 2015) : 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000332861509700307.

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A “social” model of the Trinity, warmly debated in the last century, seems to have lost influence (witness the recent Oxford Handbook of the Trinity ). It is argued here, however, that far from being a modern innovation, as suggested, a “friendship” model was integral to Pauline and Johannine and then Cappadocian reflections on Father, Son, Spirit. Some of the key terms in ancient discussions of friendship are collated here in supportive illustration. A critically appraised model of friendship, it is then proposed, is fitting for those who trust we are being creatively sustained, redeemed, hallowed, and transformed to share in the divine life.

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Bakhshi, Hasan. « How can we measure the creative economy ? The Cunningham Project ». Media International Australia 182, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2021) : 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x211043905.

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In this short essay, I discuss the challenges in measuring the creative economy and Stuart Cunningham's critical contributions to methodology and scholarship in this area, from his foundational work on the Creative Trident and his influence on the Dynamic Mapping to his ongoing conceptual contributions, as in his work on creative industries as social network markets. These contributions remain vital worldwide today, as controversies continue to rage on what sectors are a legitimate focus for industrial policy.

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Stein, Burton. « State Formation and Economy Reconsidered ». Modern Asian Studies 19, n^o 3 (juillet 1985) : 387–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00007678.

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For too long, considerations of state formation in India have divided on the colonial threshold of history, and the British regime in the subcontinent has been treated as completely different from all prior states. The most important reason for this seems to be that the historiography of the British empire was created by those who ruled India; it was therefore a kind of trophy of domination. Other reasons include the vast and accessible corpus of records on the creation of the British colonial state, the recency of its emergence, and the foundational character of the colonial state for the independent states of the subcontinent. Continuity of the British colonial state with its predecessors is acknowledged only in the case of the Mughals owing, in part, to the prolonged process of separation of the Company's government from its Mughal imperial cover before the Mutiny. Thus, long after they had ceased as a governing regime, the Mughals were considered by contemporaries and subsequently by historians to be the old regime of India.

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Ozoda, Qodirova, Esonova Shahlo et Usarova Marg’iyona. « THE IMPACTS OF DIGITALIZATION TO THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY ». European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, n^o 10 (11 octobre 2022) : 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-10-42.

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The digital economy is growing fast, especially in developing countries. Yet the meaning and metrics of the digital economy are both limited and divergent. The aim of this paper is to review what is currently known in order to develop a definition of the digital economy, and an estimate of its size. The paper argues there are three scopes of relevance. The core of the digital economy is the ‘digital sector’: the IT/ICT sector producing foundational digital goods and services. The true ‘digital economy’ – defined as “that part of economic output derived solely or primarily from digital technologies with a business model based on digital goods or services” – consists of the digital sector plus emerging digital and platform services. The widest scope – use of ICTs in all economic fields – is here referred to as the ‘digitalised economy’. Following a review of measurement challenges, the paper estimates the digital economy as defined here to make up around 5% of global GDP and 3% of global employment. Behind this lies significant unevenness: the global North has had the lion’s share of the digital economy to date, but growth rates are fastest in the global South. Yet potential growth could be much higher: further research to understand more about the barriers to and impacts of the digital economy in developing countries is therefore a priority.

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Griffin, Penny. « The everyday practices of global finance : gender and regulatory politics of ‘diversity’ ». International Affairs 95, n^o 6 (1 novembre 2019) : 1215–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz180.

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Abstract This article argues that practices of global finance provide a rich opportunity to consider gender's embodiment in everyday, but highly regulatory, financial life. Tracing a pathway through the rise of the ‘diversity agenda’ in global finance in the wake of the global financial crisis, the article asks how ‘diversity’ has shaped the global financial services industry, and whether it has challenged the reproduction of gendered power in global finance. Recent, innovative feminist political economy work has laid out a clear challenge to researchers of the global political economy to explore how everyday practices have become significant sites of gendered, regulatory power, and this article takes up this challenge, analysing how the rise of ‘diversity’ in financial services reveals the crucial intersections of gendered power and everyday economic practices. Using a conceptual framework drawn explicitly from Marysia Zalewski's work, this article advances critical inquiry into how gender has become an often unacknowledged way of writing the world of global finance, in ongoing, and problematic, ways. It proposes that the practices and futures of the diversity agenda in global finance provide a window into the persistent failure of global finance to reconfigure its foundational masculinism, and asks that financial actors begin to take seriously the foundational, gendered myths on which global finance has been built.

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Makriyannis, Christos. « The foundational economy-as-an-organism assumption of ecological economics : Is it scientifically useful ? » Ecological Economics 200 (octobre 2022) : 107541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107541.

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Clarke, Donald C. « Legislating for a Market Economy in China ». China Quarterly 191 (septembre 2007) : 567–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741007001579.

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AbstractSince the early 1990s, China has come a long way in legislating the foundational rules for its reformed economy. Virtually all of the important areas – contracts, business organizations, securities, bankruptcy and secured transactions, to name a few – are now covered by national legislation as well as lower-level regulations. Yet an important feature of a legal structure suited to a market economy is missing: the ability of the system to generate from below solutions to problems not adequately dealt with by existing legislation. The top-down model that has dominated Chinese law reform efforts to date can only do so much. What is needed now is a more welcoming attitude to market-generated solutions to the gaps and other problems that will invariably exist in legislation. The state's distrust of civil-society institutions and other bottom-up initiatives suggests, however, that this different approach will not come easily.

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Hürtgen, Stefanie. « Competitive Europeanisation, Transnational Production and a Multiscalar Perspective on Social Policy in Europe ». Zeitschrift für Sozialreform 67, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2021) : 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zsr-2021-0014.

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Abstract The article discusses social policy with regard to the multiscalar competitive architecture of Europeanisation. The basic thesis is that the foundational logic of contemporary Europeanisation must be understood as a logic of economic integration via multiscalar socio-political fragmentation. For such an analysis, a critical political economy of Europeanisation is necessary, more precisely a labour-oriented European political economy of scale. I argue that existing regime-competition debates need to be broadened in two ways: First, social and economic geography, especially the concepts of scale, rescaling and glocalisation should be included. Such an expansion enables grasping that socio-political fragmentation not only encompasses national welfare systems, but cuts through them as well. Second, labour and production processes have to be brought back into the frame of competitive Europeanisation, to bring the extent of the Europeanisation social crisis into view.

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Zhang, Fu Ming, Xiang Long Meng, Chao Zhen Cao et Lin Li. « Philosophy and Application on Circulating Economy for Contemporary Steel Plant ». Advanced Materials Research 813 (septembre 2013) : 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.813.196.

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Steel is an important and indispensable foundational material of human social development. Modern iron and steel production is not only a single function of steel product manufacture, also must have two functions of highly efficient energy conversion and disposal the waste and realize the function of resource recovery. Under the condition of shortage of the current resources, inadequate energy supply, and the ecological environment constraint, the modern steel plant have to build a circulating economy development mode, to achieve reduction, recycling and reusing. Combining with the Shougang Jingtang steel plant design and construction, the application and effect of development of circulating economy in modern steel plant has been expatiated in this paper.

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De Boeck, Sarah, David Bassens et Michael Ryckewaert. « Making space for a more foundational economy : The case of the construction sector in Brussels ». Geoforum 105 (octobre 2019) : 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.07.011.

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Funk, Charles, et Len J. Treviño. « Institution building in retreat ». Cross Cultural & ; Strategic Management 24, n^o 3 (7 août 2017) : 436–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-01-2016-0001.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe co-devolutionary processes of multinational enterprise (MNE)/emerging economy institutional relationships utilizing concepts from “old” institutional theory as well as the institutional aspects of socially constructed realities. Design/methodology/approach The authors develop a set of propositions that explore the new concept of a co-devolutionary relationship between MNEs and emerging economy institutions. Guided by prior research, the paper investigates MNE/emerging economy institutional co-devolution at the macro-(MNE home and host countries), meso-(MNE industry/host country regulative and normative institutions) and micro-(MNE and host country institutional actors) levels. Findings MNE/emerging economy institutional co-devolution occurs at the macro-level via negative public communications in the MNE’s home and host countries, at the meso-level via host country corruption and MNE adaptation, and at the micro-level via pressures for individual actors to cognitively “take for granted” emerging economy corruption, leading to MNE divestment and a reduction in new MNE investment. Research limitations/implications By characterizing co-devolutionary processes within MNE/emerging economy institutional relationships, the research augments co-evolutionary theory. It also assists in developing more accurate specification and measurement methods for the organizational co-evolution construct by using institutional theory’s foundational processes to discuss MNE/emerging economy institutional co-devolution. Practical implications The research suggests the use of enhanced regulation, bilateral investment treaties and MNE/local institution partnerships to stabilize MNE/emerging economy institutional relationships, leading to more robust progress in building emerging economy institutions. Originality/value The research posits that using the concepts of institutional theory as a foundation provides useful insights into the “stickiness” of institutional instability and corruption in emerging economies and into the resulting co-devolutionary MNE/emerging economy institutional relationships.

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Clarke, John. « Imagined, Real and Moral Economies ». Culture Unbound 6, n^o 1 (20 février 2014) : 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.14695.

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This article explores three different inflections of the idea of economy: imagined, real and moral. Each offers a distinctive way of thinking about economies and each raises the possibility of providing critical purchase on the formations of ’actually existing capitalisms’. The article begins from the idea of imagined economies given the proliferation of such imaginaries, not least in the wake of the fi-nancial crisis. In political, public and policy discourse, economies have become the focus of intense fantasy and projection. The resulting imaginaries underpin a range of economic, public and social policies. Importantly, they articulate a foundational distinction between economic and other sorts of policy. The idea of imag-ined economies opens the space for a certain type of critical engagement with contemporary political economy. In a rather different way, ideas of the ’real economy’ have also been the site of critical work - distinguishing between ’real’ relations and practices involved in the production of material objects (and value) in the contrast with virtual, digital, financialised economies. This article treats the ‘real economy’ as one further instance of an imagined economy. Like the concept of the ’real economy’, E.P. Thompson’s exploration of a ’moral economy’ also offers a standpoint from which critical analysis of the current economic, political and social disintegrations might be constructed. Thompson’s articulation of a moment in which collective understandings of economies as fields of moral relationships and obligations dramatises the contemporary de-socialization of economies, even if it may be harder to imagine twentieth and twenty first century capitalisms as moral economies that the current crisis has disrupted. Again, the article treats ’moral economies’ as another form of imagined economy, in part to make visible the shifting and contested character of what counts as ’economic’.

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Pabst, Adrian, et Roberto Scazzieri. « Virtue, Production, and the Politics of Commerce : Genovesi’s “Civil Economy” Revisited ». History of Political Economy 51, n^o 4 (1 août 2019) : 703–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7685197.

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Antonio Genovesi’s economic-political treatise on civil economy was a major contribution to debates in the mid-and late eighteenth century on the nature of political economy. At that time, Genovesi’s book was extensively translated and discussed across continental Europe and Latin America, where it was read as a foundational text of political economy similar to Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations. The aim of this article is to contribute to the analysis of the mutual implication between the economic and the political order of society by revisiting Genovesi’s theory of civil economy, which he defined as “the political science of the economy and commerce.” First, the article retraces Genovesi’s conception of civil economy as a branch of political science and the role of “virtue” in ordering the polity according to “the nature of the world.” Second, it explores Genovesi’s theory of production as an inquiry into the proportionality conditions that productive activities should meet for a well-functioning polity to persist over time. Third, our argument emphasizes the importance of Genovesi’s analysis of production structures for his theory of internal and foreign trade. In this connection, the paper investigates Genovesi’s idea that the maintenance of a country’s “trading fund” should be the fundamental objective for its internal and external trade policies. These policies, according to Genovesi, should be consistent with the context of the body politic under consideration and the economy’s proportionality requirements for any specific stage of development.

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Cardenas-Navia, Isabel, et Brian K. Fitzgerald. « The digital dilemma : Winning and losing strategies in the digital talent race ». Industry and Higher Education 33, n^o 3 (25 mars 2019) : 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422219836669.

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The emergence of a digital economy has changed companies’ business and talent model. However, the gap between supply and demand for digital skills and talent poses a serious dilemma for many companies: do they acquire tech start-ups as a talent strategy or reinvent the company as a tech firm, hire new digital talent and reskill current employees? Recent research on start-up acquisitions and a new report from the US Business–Higher Education Forum and Burning Glass Technologies reframe this dilemma by shedding new light on foundational skills for the digital economy and strategies for acquiring new talent and reskilling employees.

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Haagh, Louise. « Rethinking Democratic Theories of Justice in the Economy after COVID-19 ». Democratic Theory 7, n^o 2 (1 décembre 2020) : 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/dt.2020.070214.

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This article argues that the COVID-19 crisis has brought to light the importance of state democratic capacities linked with humanist governance. This requires securing individuals’ silent freedoms as embedded in the way “developmental” institutions that constitute social relations and well-being are governed. I argue health and well-being inequalities brought out by the crisis are but a manifestation of the way, in the context of the competition paradigm in global governance, states have become relatedly more punitive and dis-embedded from society. The answer lies in providing a more explicit defence of the features of a human development democratic state. An implication is to move democratic theory beyond the concern with redistributive and participatory features of democracy to consider foundational institutional properties of democratic deepening and freedom in society.

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Haskin, Dayton. « Shakespeare, Milton, and the Humanities at mit in Its Foundational Period ». Explorations in Renaissance Culture 43, n^o 1 (30 mai 2017) : 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23526963-04301001.

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The Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s foundational decision not to teach Latin and Greek opened a vast curricular space for the specialized study of scientific and technological subjects and also for what are now called humanities and social sciences. A printed document headed “English, 1868–69” sets forth mit’s plan for a required four-year curriculum in which the professor of English would lecture on a wide range of subjects in the vernacular, from political economy and law, to history and philosophy, to language and literature. This essay traces the effects of a residual hostility against the “dead languages” that informed the teaching of classic English literature, which evinces a steady diminishment of the place of the humanities over time. Climactically, the essay explores a countervailing English examination given by a junior instructor that shows how the scientific and humanities curricula might have been made to work in concert.

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Thompson, Paul, et Knut Laaser. « Beyond technological determinism : revitalising labour process analyses of technology, capital and labour ». Work in the Global Economy 1, n^o 1 (1 octobre 2021) : 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/273241721x16276384832119.

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Technological determinism is a recurrent feature in debates concerning changes in economy and work and has resurfaced sharply in the discourse around the ‘fourth industrial revolution’. While a number of authors have, in recent years, critiqued the trend, this article is distinctive in arguing that foundational labour process analysis provides the most effective source of an alternative understanding of the relations between political economy, science, technology and work relations. The article refines and reframes this analysis, through an engagement with critical commentary and research, developing the idea of a political materialist approach that can reveal the various influences on, sources of contestation and levels of strategic choices that are open to economic actors. A distinction is made between ‘first order’ choices, often about adoption at aggregate level and ‘second order’ choices mainly concerned with complex issues of deployment. This framework is then applied to the analysis of case studies of the call centre labour process and digital labour platform, functioning as illustrative scenarios. It is argued that the nature of techno-economic systems in the ‘digital era’ open up greater opportunities for contestation.

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Passaris, Constantine E. « A New Economic Governance Model for Greece in the 21st Century ». Journal of Heterodox Economics 2, n^o 1 (1 juin 2015) : 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jheec-2015-0010.

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Abstract The mission and mandate of economic governance in Greece and its accompanying institutional architecture requires a re-alignment in order to conform to the realities of the new global economy of the 21st century. Two recent events, one foundational and the other cataclysmic, have precipitated the need for a new vision and a new conceptual framework for revitalizing and modernizing Greece’s economic governance architecture. These two defining milestones are the emergence of a new global economy and the devastating consequences of the 2008 global financial crisis on the Greek economy. This paper proposes a new conceptual framework for reforming the public administration in Greece that is congruent with the structural changes precipitated by the new global economy of the 21st century. The Great Recession and the contemporary jobless recovery provide the contextual narrative for redefining macroeconomic policy with regard to achieving good economic governance. A new set of ten interactive and complementary principles for good governance in the 21st century are proposed. These governance principles should be accompanied with a modern institutional governance architecture. Furthermore, the structural qualities and resilient infrastructure of a revitalized governance model must be able to withstand the future economic shocks and interface effectively with the new global economy of the 21st century. In essence, this paper sets a new economic governance agenda and designs the supporting governance infrastructure that has the administrative capability and the capacity to meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities confronting Greece in the 21st century. All of this, for the purpose of designing a governance infrastructure that interacts more effectively with global institutions; national, regional and local governments; economic, social and political networks; community and grassroots organizations and civil society.

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Goodale, Mark. « Dark matter : Toward a political economy of indigenous rights and aspirational politics ». Critique of Anthropology 36, n^o 4 (26 juillet 2016) : 439–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x15619017.

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This article shines a critical light on a trend in anthropology that has both mirrored, and, not inconsequentially, shaped, a broader preoccupation with rights-making and rights-claiming as the foundational strategies behind what Karen Engle called the “elusive promise of indigenous development.” The article uses recent ethnographies of legal implementation and state-capital appropriation to think more generally about the history of indigenous rights in relation to what Tania Li has aptly described as the “dynamic specificity” of global capitalism. The article concludes by arguing for the development of an ethnographic political economy of indigenous rights and aspirational politics that reflects an analytical shift from what James Scott called the “symbolic balance of power” to questions of redistribution, state-capital interdependence, and the cooptation of indigenous rights as a new form of capital accumulation.

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Marques, Pedro, Kevin Morgan et Ranald Richardson. « Social innovation in question : The theoretical and practical implications of a contested concept ». Environment and Planning C : Politics and Space 36, n^o 3 (2 juillet 2017) : 496–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654417717986.

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The concept of social innovation has become pervasive among practitioners and academics, though its definition remains elusive. This paper seeks to address this by suggesting a distinction between structural social innovation, which refers to wide social change in scale and scope, targeted versions of social innovation, which can be either radical or complementary to current socio-economic institutions, and instrumental social innovation, when it is used to rebrand previous agendas in a way that is more appealing to stakeholders. These four types of social innovation are discussed referring to practical examples in the literature. We then explore ways in which the concept could be further developed by engaging with the concepts of socio-technical transitions and the foundational economy.

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Zsibók, Zsuzsanna, et Ildikó Egyed. « The role of the foundational economy : The case of two regional centres in Central and Eastern Europe. » DETUROPE - The Central European Journal of Tourism and Regional Development 14, n^o 3 (31 décembre 2022) : 34–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32725/det.2022.021.

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Gillis, Rory. « Contracting for Tax Room : The Law and Political Economy of Tax-Point Transfers ». Canadian Tax Journal/Revue fiscale canadienne 67, n^o 4 (27 décembre 2019) : 903–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32721/ctj.2019.67.4.gillis.

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Tax-point transfers are potentially a foundational tool for changing the allocation of tax room between governments, but they have fallen into disuse in Canadian fiscal federalism. This article argues that the infrequent use of tax-point transfers can be explained, in part, by impediments to the enforcement of intergovernmental contracts. The problem is twofold: (1) tax-point transfers typically consist of long-term non-sequential transactions, in which governments perform their obligations at substantially different points in time; and (2) the common mechanisms for assuring performance in long-term non-sequential transactions are either unavailable or of only modest force in tax-point transfer agreements. The primary implication is that these contractual impediments may discourage governments from using tax-point transfers to achieve an optimal allocation of tax room.

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Subekti, Rahayu, Purwono Sungkowo Rahardjo et Alya Maya Khonsa Rahayu. « The agro-finance governance of land pawning institutionalism in an Asian emerging economy ». Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review 6, n^o 4 (2022) : 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgobrv6i4p14.

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This study investigates the role of land pawn institutionalism in Indonesia in the context of regulation and governance. The theoretical framework referred to in this study is the institutionalization of land pawning from Demachi (2021), which explicitly observes the relationship of the land pawn governance framework to the economy. Furthermore, in the context of agro finance, another theory used is legal infrastructure (Pellandini-Simányi & Vargha, 2021), which analyzes the foundational role of law and regulation to function as social infrastructure to trigger expected economic conditions. The research was conducted using the normative and juridical approach with qualitative design. The findings of this study highlight that governance and regulation in the land system is a major tool in the social system. The land pawning is expected to accommodate the needs and interests of stakeholders and provide equitable services for the community to create legal certainty and social order. The findings highlight the importance of governance of land pawning to advance the role of law as economic and social infrastructure, especially in the agroeconomic field.

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McDonald, Robert. « From “Incentive Furie” to “Incentives to Efficiency,” or the Movement of “Incentive” in Neoclassical Thought ». Journal for the History of Rhetoric 21, n^o 2 (mai 2018) : 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.21.2.0115.

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ABSTRACT Incentives, economists remind us, are foundational to any economy: They include strategies to induce consumers to purchase products, motivate employees to work harder, or invite businesses to new localities. This textbook term, however, has not always been yoked to economic activity per se. This essay traces the history of the term “incentive” in two phases, first, from its origin in the Latin term “incentivum,” referring to “the thing that sets the tune,” and second, from its uptake and concretization by neoclassical economic thought through Jeremy Bentham, Alfred Marshall, and Paul Samuelson. In neoclassical economics, incentives “set the tune” of behavior by compelling rational economic action through the postulates of methodological individualism, equilibration, and utility-maximization. The terminological shift of “incentive” from its poetic origins into economic thought entails that “incentives” become an objective, univocal “thing” that embeds an argument about the dangers of actions that contravene market logics.

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Boettke, Peter J., et M. Scott King. « Democracy by Discussion, Not Debate : James Buchanan on Freedom of Inquiry as a Methodological, not Ideological, Necessity ». ORDO 2018, n^o 69 (22 juillet 2019) : 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ordo-2019-0006.

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AbstractFreedom of inquiry remains one of the core tenants of the liberal project. However, in a 1960 letter, James M. Buchanan argued that free inquiry was important for more than just philosophical reasons. In fact, freedom of inquiry and the ability to participate in collective choice processes was at the heart of Buchanan’s methodological commitments to social science and foundational to the entire project of Virginia Political Economy. In this paper, we will show why freedom of inquiry assumes the central place that it holds in Buchanan’s methodology and research more broadly. Insisting on inquiry being open and free to all was not simply an ideological preference held by Buchanan—rather, to him it was the only way forward for Virginia Political Economy.

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Bagwell, Kyle, et Robert W. Staiger. « An Economic Theory of GATT ». American Economic Review 89, n^o 1 (1 mars 1999) : 215–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.1.215.

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We propose a unified theoretical framework within which to interpret and evaluate the foundational principles of GATT. Working within a general equilibrium trade model, we represent government preferences in a way that is consistent with national income maximization but also allows for the possibility of distributional concerns as emphasized in leading political-economy models. Using this general framework, we establish that GATT's principles of reciprocity and non-discrimination can be viewed as simple rules that assist governments in their effort to implement efficient trade agreements. From this perspective, we argue that preferential agreements undermine GATT's ability to deliver efficient multilateral outcomes. (JEL F02, F13, F15)

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Rees, Yves. « Thinking Capitalism from the Bedroom : The Politics of Location and the Uses of (Feminist, Queer, Crip) Theory ». Labour History : Volume 121, Issue 1 121, n^o 1 (1 novembre 2021) : 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2021.16.

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The New Histories of Capitalism (NHC) boast a foundational narrative that decries the supposed elision of the “economic” during the long reign cultural and social history. Yet, at the same time, the NHC are themselves based on a recognition that ideas of “economy” are not natural, and hence must be historicised using the same intellectual tools that powered the cultural turn in the first place. In practice, however, the demographics and structuring assumptions of the “new” histories of capitalism are remarkably similar to the “old” labour and economic history. Both its historical actors and its practitioners remain, by and large, white cisgender men engaged with normative visions of “capitalism” and “economy” that privilege finance, waged labour, business and trade. As the NHC take shape within Australia, this article highlights the imperative to learn from - but crucially, not appropriate - the expertise of communities who have long theorised and critiqued “capitalism” due to their subordinate position within its cultural and economic hierarchies. Using examples from feminist, queer and crip theory, I argue that the knowledges of those marginal to or excluded from waged labour, capital accumulation and material consumption constitute a rich repository of intellectual tools with potential to engender more robust historicisation of “capitalism” and the worlds it helps create.

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Choudhury, Masudul Alam. « Micro-money, finance and real economy interrelationship in the framework of Islamic ontology of unity of knowledge and the world-system of social economy ». International Journal of Social Economics 45, n^o 2 (12 février 2018) : 445–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2016-0340.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the structure of Islamic monetary transformation into 100 percent reserve requirement monetary system in terms of the foundational epistemology of the unity of divine knowledge (tawhid). This approach is a scholarly originality in the field of epistemological formalism concerning Islamic theory and perspectives in economic reasoning in comparative perspectives. Design/methodology/approach The role of micro-money pursuing projects and real economic exchange relations is shown to arise by a natural causality in the ethical social economy (SE). This results in a microeconomic perspective of the quantity theory of money with ethical and social implications. A comparative study of endogenous money in the quantity theory of money points out significant differences between the theory of endogenous money in Islam and mainstream methodologies. A formal model of micro-money and its organismic endogenous relationship with the real economy is formulated with the goal of realizing social well-being, economic stabilization, and sustainability of development regimes. Findings This is a conceptual paper, though with the potential for continued work in applying the theory of micro-money in the Islamic methodological perspective of unity of knowledge. This is an original contribution of this paper. Islamic economists have not been able to produce a rigorous theory of micro-money. They have also not been able to situate the study of Islamic economics with its specific contribution to the field of the nature of money in project-specific financing of Islamic projects by the money-finance-real economy inter-causal relations. Thus, the findings of this paper, though of the conceptual nature, open doors to a vast field of methodological development and its application to the problem of micro-money modeling. Such a conceptual finding arising from the methodological theory of unity of knowledge and applied to the topic of micro-money along with some examples of potentiality of these approaches constitutes a vastly original field of findings as contribution. Thereby, an analytical model is established in the Islamic social economy (ISE) perspective. The model is used to explain monetary transmission and functioning of monetary policy with instruments that avoid interest rate and comply with Islamic financing requirements. The resulting model of money, finance, and real economy (MFE) systemic interrelationship in reference to the epistemology of unity of knowledge leads into the construction of a 100 percent reserve requirement monetary system with the gold-backed micro-money as currency complementing real economic transactions. Research limitations/implications The present paper is of a conceptual type based on the essential ontological and epistemological foundation of Islamic social and economic thought and bearing a deeply scientific implication. The conceptual part of this paper becomes a study in the foundations. The second part follows into the study of application in the real world of micro-money in terms of financing projects. Micro-money pursues projects in the Islamic economy due to its very nature of ethical and social choices. The paper shows that such a micro-money transmission is realized by the money-finance-real economy integrated model. Thereby, some real-world examples of such transformations are given. All these together substantiate the conceptual-analytical-empirical nature of the study conducted. Practical implications The development of the micro-money transmission system of generalized circular causation interrelations between MFE activities as a return to 100 percent reserve requirement monetary system with the gold standard is the profound theory that has been propounded. Its applied perspectives are implied through the MFE-model wherein micro-money pursues social projects. Furthermore, the possibility and practicality of such a conceptual model of micro-money and its transmission mechanism in the real economy are established by real-world examples of kinds of micro-money that are found to circulate or are recommended by some studies in the literature. Social implications The conceptual part of the paper presents a model of generalized epistemological model of unity of knowledge characterizing the MFE circular causal interrelations as the organismic meaning of social ethics and evolutionary learning. The social implications are the epistemic foundations of the derived model in the midst of choices of life-fulfillment projects that micro-money finances and the economy sustain. Originality/value This is an original paper premised on the general and the specific Islamic epistemological criterion of unity of knowledge as a generalized system theory. It is now particularized to the case of money and real economy by using the Islamic perspective of creating conditions to regenerate resources continuously in SE with ethical implications. The paper is equally informative to all who like to understand the social and ethical nature of endogenous relations between money and the real economy as two great institutions of the national economy. These together bestow well-being to the society at large in the construction of SE. Specific attention in this regard is given to ISE.

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Bader, Veit. « Associative Democracy : From ‘the real third way’ back to utopianism or towards a colourful socialism for the 21st century ? » Thesis Eleven 167, n^o 1 (décembre 2021) : 12–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07255136211056688.

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Associative Democracy (AD) has been developed as a specific response to statist socialism and neoliberal capitalism, drawing on older traditions such as associationalism, democratic socialism, and cooperative socialism. As the ‘real third way’, it is distinct from neoliberal privatization and deregulation in the Blair–Schröder varieties of social democracy and in the conservative Reagan–Thatcher–Cameron varieties. This article summarizes what seemed to make AD an attractive realist utopia: its combination of economic, societal and political democracy; its focus on democratic institutional pluralism in all these regards; its considered moral/political minimalism; and its practical experimentalism. It recapitalizes some of the important economic, societal and political changes during the last decennia that seem to make AD plainly utopian again. It focuses on an outline of basic principles and institutions of socio-economic alternatives to capitalism because, if neoliberalism rules supreme, no viable alternatives can emerge and grow. Even if there is not one institutional design that fits all countries and contexts, we can show what the basic tenets of such alternatives are and how such a colourful democratic socialism relates to and can integrate other approaches such as ‘circular economy’, ‘foundational economy’ and ‘radical social innovation’. The hope is that AD’s broad institutional pluralism and its emphasis on practical experimentalism show new ways of thinking which are urgently needed for sustainable and socially fair economic development and for renewing representative democracy.

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Smith, Tammy L., Julia F. Beyer, Edward A. Polloway, J. David Smith et James R. Patton. « Ethical Considerations in Teaching Self-Determination : Challenges in Rural Special Education ». Rural Special Education Quarterly 27, n^o 1-2 (mars 2008) : 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756870508027001-206.

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The development of self-determination skills in students with disabilities is a priority in special education. Its importance is particularly significant for students who are attending schools in rural areas. Instruction in self-determination also raises important ethical questions. Using a model developed by Bredberg and Davidson (1999), four foundational elements in ethics are explored with reference to self-determination: justice, respect for economy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. Considerations for providing instruction in these skills are highlighted and the challenges of doing so in a rural setting are addressed.

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MacKinnon, Danny, Louise Kempton, Peter O’Brien, Emma Ormerod, Andy Pike et John Tomaney. « Reframing urban and regional ‘development’ for ‘left behind’ places ». Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 15, n^o 1 (14 novembre 2021) : 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsab034.

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Abstract The recent wave of populism has focused attention on ‘left behind’ places as hotspots of discontent. Seeking to remedy their neglect in urban and regional studies, the aim of this paper is to engage with the problems of ‘left behind’ places and to stimulate fresh thinking about alternative approaches. Reflecting the complex and inter-connected issues facing such places, it argues that a new conception is required to address issues of belonging and attachment. The paper outlines the basis of an expanded neo-endogenous development approach, identifying the foundational economy, income and livelihoods, social infrastructures and social innovation as key policy concerns.

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Wright, Andrew. « Transformative Christian Education : New Covenant, New Creation. An Essay in Constructive Theology ». Journal of Education and Christian Belief 2, n^o 2 (septembre 1998) : 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/205699719800200204.

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A TRANSFORMATIVE THEOLOGY of Christian education is defended against reconstructionist alternatives. Any authentic theology of education should be grounded in the ontic reality of the divine economy of salvation. Though important, noetic questions of theological epistemology, together with pragmatic issues of pedagogic strategy, are not to be taken as foundational. Certain traits of Lutheran theology lend superficial support to a reconstructionist theology, but only at the expense of introducing a crippling dualism between faith and creation. The Biblical picture of the completion of the new covenant and new creation through the work of the Holy Spirit lends strong support to a transformative theology.

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