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CALAFATI, LUCA. « How to make European cities work in the 21 century ? A comparison between radical and moderate approaches to urban sustainability ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/263134.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le città europee sono presentate di frequente come un modello di sostenibilità per la loro capacità di unire la coesione sociale alla prosperità economica. Tuttavia, l’alto impatto ambientale e la persistenza delle diseguaglianze sociali solleva dei dubbi sulla capacità dell’urbanesimo europeo di essere sostenibile nel futuro. Questo lavoro esamina gli approcci moderati e gli approcci radicali alla sostenbilità urbana con lo scopo di valutare quale ha più potenziale rendere le città europee sostenbili sotto il profilo sociale e ambientale. L’analisi si concentrata sull’Inghilterra, utilizzando una base empirica sfaccettata su diverse scale spaziali. L’analisi include trend nazionali sul consumo di risorse naturali, trend regionali di welfare materiale, uno studio sulla strategia di sviluppo della regione urbana di Swansea e un esperimento in rigenerazione di quartiere. La tesi principale è che le città Europee hanno bisogno di una transizione strutturale – e non solo di aggiustamenti strategici – per diventare veramente sostenibili.European cities are often presented as a model of sustainability for their capacity to reconcile social cohesion with economic prosperity. However, high environmental impact and persistence in social inequalities raises questions about the capacity of European urbanism to be sustainable in the future. This work analyses moderate and radical approaches to urban sustainability in Europe with the aim of assessing which has the most potential making European cites social and environmentally sustainable. The analysis focuses on the UK using a nuanced empirical base at different spatial scales. The analysis includes national trends in environmental impact, regional trends in material welfare, a study of the development strategy the Swansea City Region and an experiment in neighbourhood regeneration. The main argument is that European cities require a structural transition – and not just strategic adjustment – to become truly sustainable.
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Jerez, Bernat Josefina. « Foundations' Transparency Levels. The Case of Catalan Foundations ». Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461533.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Social Economy sector (SE) is especially relevant because its entities have a social aim and they principally operate in areas not fully covered by either the market or the public sector. The number of SE organisations has increased significantly in the last decades and its importance is still growing at global, European and national scale.
The high expectations of stakeholders towards the activity of these organizations have increased the transparency and accountability requirements of this sector's entities. Consequently, deficiency of transparency is considered a serious problem as it damages social trust in the organizations that belong to this sector.
The objective of this thesis is to study the transparency level of foundations, a specific type of SE organizations, whose volume has significantly risen in the past decades.
As a frame, the variety of coexisting registers in Spain and Europe were studied, as well as the evolution of the Spanish and Catalan regulations for foundations, which in recent years has undergone significant changes, especially due to the leading role that these institutions play in the economy. A database of 2,554 foundations from the Register of Catalonia, the largest in Spain, was used; information from the websites of 1,382 foundations, 54.11% of the total, was collected and analysed applying different statistical methodologies: bivariate, multivariate and logistic regression modelling, in order to find the drivers that influence the level of transparency of foundations.
Conclusions indicate that this sector has a challenge to overcome: 45.89% of a total of 2,554 foundations do not have an active website, and in application of law 19/2014, in force from 1st July 2015, they should stop their activity. The main driver influencing the transparency level of foundations is the variable activity, being the healthcare activity the most influential. The variable province of Barcelona is more influential than the rest of Catalan provinces. However, there is not a conclusive effect of the variables decade of registration and regulation period.
The methodology used to assess the degree of transparency can be extrapolated to other sectors (public or private). One possible future research field suggested is the study of the temporary evolution of the degree of transparency derived from the impact of legislation (law 19/2014).Les organitzacions que formen part de la economia social (ES) s'han incrementat notablement en els últims anys. La importància d'aquestes entitats sense ànim de lucre, que realitzen la seva activitat entre el sector públic i el sector privat, es cada vegada més gran tant a nivell europeu com nacional. La tesis s'ha centrat en un tipus específic d'entitats no lucratives: las fundacions, les quals han augmentat marcadament en volum en la última dècada, i el seu grau de transparència. En la investigació s'ha realitzat l'estudi dels següents punts: (i) la diversitat del registres que coexisteixen a Espanya i Europa, caracteritzat per la falta d'homogeneïtat a l'hora de registrar- se com a fundació; (ii) l'estudi de l'evolució en matèria legislativa que regula aquest tipus d'entitats, que en els últims anys ha experimentat uns canvis significatius, especialmente per la importància que estan adquirint aquestes entitats en les economies dels països, sent necessari la seva regulació. En la part empírica, s'ha treballat amb una base de dades de 2.556 fundacions del Registre de Catalunya, que es el registre més nombrós de tota Espanya, realitzant: (iii) anàlisis descriptiu per la caracterització del sector fundacional a Catalunya; (iv) anàlisis del grau de transparència de les fundacions, a través de la informació de la seva web; (v) anàlisis estadístic per descobrir les diverses relacions, utilitzant diferents metodologies. Entre les conclusions destaca la diversitat en el grau de transparència de les fundacions. En un extrem, el 40% de les fundacions no disposen de web pública, i en el compliment de la llei 19/2014, hauran de cèsar la seva activitat. En l'altre extrem, entre els dos terços restants existeix un petit grup de fundacions que han creat un apartat específic en la seva web denominat transparència, en el que apareix totes les dades requerides en l'article 6 de la nova llei de transparència, amb aplicació a partir del 1 Juliol 2015. La principal limitació de l'estudi va ser la no existència d'un registre homogeni de les fundacions, en l'espera de la creació d'un comú per tota Europa o Espanya. Aquest ha estat un greu obstacle que impossibilitat l'estudi de la transparència de les fundacions a un nivell agregat superior. Encara que s'han identificat les principals errors en matèria de registre. L'estudi empíric ens ha proporcionat un ampli coneixement del comportament del sector. La Coordinadora Catalana de Fundacions tenen previst la publicació dels resultats de l'anàlisi descriptiu (caracterització del sector), ja que de forma periòdica, cada 7 anys ( any 2001 I 2008), realitzen aquest tipus d'estudi. En l'any 2015 es preveu la publicació de capítol 9 de la tesis, relatiu a l'evolució del sector fundacional a Catalunya, i el capítol 10, el seu contingut inclou l'impacte de la nova llei de transparència mitjançant l'anàlisi de les webs I les mesures correctores a recomanar a les fundacions per la millora de la seva transparència. Les conclusions indiquen que aquest sector té un repte a superar amb el 45,89% del total de 2.554 fundacions que no disposen de lloc web actiu, i en compliment de la llei 19/2014, amb aplicació a partir de l'1 Juliol 2015, haurien d'aturar la seva activitat. El principal factor que influeix en el grau. de transparència de les fundacions es la variable activitat principal, essent l'activitat assistencial la que més influeix. La variable província de Barcelona es la més influent respecte a la resta de províncies de Catalunya. No hi ha una influència concloent per a les variables dècada d'inscripció al registre i període legislatiu. La metodologia utilitzada per avaluar el grau de transparència és extrapolable a altres sectors (públic o privat). Una de les futures investigacions suggerides és l'evolució temporal del grau de transparència derivada de l'impacte de la legislació (llei 19/2014).
El sector de economía social (ES) es de especial importancia porque las entidades de este sector tienen un fin social y operan principalmente en áreas no plenamente cubiertas por el mercado o el sector público. El número de organizaciones que forman parte de la ES ha incrementado notablemente en las últimas décadas y su importancia es creciente a escala global, europea y nacional. Las mayores expectativas de las partes interesadas hacia la actividad de estas organizaciones han aumentado las exigencias de transparencia y rendición de las entidades de este sector. La deficiencia de transparencia es un grave problema pues daña la confianza social en las organizaciones de este sector. Esta tesis estudia el grado de transparencia en un tipo específico de entidades de ES: las fundaciones, las cuales han aumentado significativamente en las últimas décadas. Como marco de referencia se realizó el estudio de la diversidad de registros que coexisten en España y Europa y, por otra parte, la evolución de la legislación española y catalana que regula las fundaciones, que en los últimos años ha experimentado cambios significativos por la importancia que están adquiriendo estas entidades en la economía. En la parte empírica, se trabajó con una base de datos de 2.554 fundaciones del Registro de Cataluña, el más numeroso del estado español, para la caracterización del sector fundacional en Cataluña; se recogió la información de la web de 1.382 fundaciones (54,11% del total) y se analizaron los datos aplicando diferentes metodologías estadísticas: bivariante, multivariante y modelización mediante regresión logística, para hallar los principales factores que influyen en el grado de transparencia de las fundaciones. Las conclusiones indican que este sector tiene un reto por superar con el 45,89% del total de 2.554 fundaciones que no disponen de web activa, y en cumplimiento de la ley 19/2014, con aplicación a partir del 1 Julio 2015, deberían cesar su actividad. El principal factor que influye en el grado de transparencia de las fundaciones es la variable actividad principal, siendo la actividad asistencial la que más influye. La variable provincia de Barcelona es la más influyente respecto a las restantes provincias de Catalunya. No hay una influencia concluyente para las variables década de inscripción al registro y período legislativo. La metodología utilizada para evaluar el grado de transparencia es extrapolable a otros sectores (público o privado). Una de las futuras investigaciones sugeridas es la evolución temporal del grado de transparencia derivada del impacto de legislación (ley 19/2014).
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Lüders, Erik. « Economic foundation of asset price processes / ». Heidelberg : Physica, 2004. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00119185.pdf.
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Nagatsu, Michiru. « Psychologizing economic man : foundational problems of economics and cognitive science ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/85173.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This is a philosophical study of economics and cognitive psychology as sciences of human behaviour. Boundaries and interactions of the two sciences are examined with a close look at the experimental studies on judgement and decision making, and on strategic interaction in games. I argue, against conceptual scepticism, that not only is a science of human behaviour possible, but it is exemplified by both economics and psychology, which have been striving to measure decision-relevant psychological quantities and explain the behavioural anomalies that have emerged as a result of theoretical and empirical progress in measurement and experimentation. The dialectics of ‘crises and responses’ involved in this process reveals various ways in which representations, models and experiments are employed in the laboratory. I emphasize the precision of measurement and the severity of test as important methodological values in scientific progress, and argue that these values are the basis of theoretical progress. I explore alternative ways in which economic models of rational choice can be informed by psychology, and argue that a successful model should incorporate empirical findings from social and cognitive psychology, instead of maintaining familiar economic modelling strategies while relying on folk psychological intuitions. I propose that, in addition to modelling human behaviour as utility maximization, explicitly modelling human reasoning qua cognitive process may be the key to success. I point out two metaphysical stances—mechanistic and functional—implicit in the debates over the prospect of neuroeconomics, and consider their methodological implications to the study of human cognition and behaviour. I argue that it is unlikely that neuroscience will radically eliminate constructs of economic theory such as beliefs and preferences, based on the observation that recent brain-imaging studies of individual decision making largely presuppose constructs of cogntive psychology.
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Kienker, James R. « Rational generosity the Indianapolis Foundation and the community foundation response to the Great Depression / ». Connect to resource online, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2190.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2010.Title from screen (viewed on July 19, 2010). Department of Philanthropic Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Dwight F. Burlingame, Philip V. Scarpino, Frances A. Huehls. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-154).
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Orsi, Cosma Emilio. « The moral foundations of markets : from libertarianism to the economy of solidarity ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415592.
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Meador, Douglas Marshall Sturgeon James I. « Examining the economic foundations of Catholic social thought ». Diss., UMK access, 2007.
Trouver le texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Economics. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2007."A dissertation in economics and social science consortium." Advisor: James I. Sturgeon. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed July 30, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-217). Online version of the print edition.
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Lacey, James. « Economic foundations of American military strategy 1940-1943 ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509848.
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Manos, Gaspare Augusto. « Foundations of modern economic development in N.E. Italy ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243841.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis examines the foundations of successful modern economic development in the European region of N.E Italy. The research explores the importance and role of a combination of urban and transport infrastructure, economic, social and institutional arrangements. These have been conducive for the development of a competitive entrepreneurled endogenous development model which has enabled N.E Italy to become one of the most successful, fastest growing exportoriented economies of the European Union in the 1990s. The approach adopted is interdisciplinary and examines theoretically and empirically a wide range of interrelated economic development issues across different spheres of the social sciences. These include infrastructure; entrepreneurship; culture; cooperation and competition; networking and information diffusion; E.U support to small and medium size enterprises; as well as regional economic interaction with Central and Eastern Europe. The thesis has a four part structure. Following an introduction and methodological chapter, Part I examines the geography and socio-economic development of N.E Italy ir. the fifty year post-WWII period (1945-1995). From this overview, possible key determinants of the region I s development are r..ighl ighted. These factors, which represent the main boc:;· of t~e research, are specifically examined i~ par~s II and I:I. Part II dedicates two chapters to set~lement / transport infrastructure and entrepreneurship, whilst Part III sr..ifts atten~ion to some external factors which interact witt the internal determinants of development. T, .. ·o chapters focus on European Union business facili ta~ing mechanisms and the opening up of Central and Eastern Europe respectively. They provide a different perspective on central issues of this research and a means of empirically assessing the validity of many assumptions of this thesis. Part IV synthesises and concludes the thesis. The evidence of this research indicates that some of the same factors which promoted and sustained the development trajectory of this successful economy, will, most probably, continue to provide it with comparative advantages in the future.
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Papagiannis, Michail. « WIND TURBINE FOUNDATIONS IN CLAY : Technical and economic considerations for proposals for wind turbine foundations ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353397.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis approaches the problem of the cost-efficient wind turbine foundation on an onshore site of clayey soil characteristics. The given soil stratigraphy includes a layer of clay and two sands of different density. The characteristics of the soil and the water level that were used as input come from a site in Peloponissos, Greece. The applied wind, static and seismic loads on this study were resolved with the German DIN standards, and other related research and European standards. The safety factors were adjusted for wind turbines. For the pile solution, after the bearing and overturning adequacy against the horizontal and vertical loads was proven with the calculation of the DIN equations, then the model was inserted in the Pfahl program using DIN 4017 equations to calculate settlements. Firstly, a shallow foundation of various dimensions in the clay layer over the water level with all the necessary checks was considered. Afterward, a deep foundation solution of a single bored pile, with reinforcement steel casing, of various diameters was investigated. The different foundation solutions were assessed and compared on a technical and economic basis. As a conclusion, the 0.70 meter diameter single pile was chosen as the best solution because it needs only a few days for construction, and it is the most cost-efficient. The chosen circular footing was of a diameter of 10 meters and 1.5 meter raft thickness, but proved unfeasible because of high excavations costs. The checks on the DIN standards and Eurocode that set the boundaries for the design in the two cases were recognised and possible future work goals were discussed.
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Hahn, Thomas. « Property rights, ethics and conflict resolution : foundations of the Sami economy in Sweden / ». Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-5777-7.pdf.
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Nakano, Takeshi. « The power of nations : theoretical foundations for economic nationalism ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24190.
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The aim of this work is to provide a systematic theoretical basis for economic nationalism, and to defend this as an appropriate analytical framework for political economy. In the first part of the work, the author reviews relevant literatures on economic nationalism and defines it as the view that the primary aim of economic policy is establish, maintain or strengthen the power of an actual or potential nation. Next, the author examines Friedrich List’s political economy and shows that his approach is cultural, historical, institutional, political, dynamic and geographical. The second part of this work examines David Hume’s political economy, philosophy of social science and political theory. The author show that Hume’s economic thought significantly shares the characteristics of List’s political economy and argues that it is best understood as economic nationalism. Although they have often been misunderstood, Hume’s ideas – institutional economics, symbolist theory of social action, interpretive approach to social science, and political conservatism – are argued to provide appropriate philosophical foundations for economic nationalism. The third part shows that key elements of economic nationalism are evident in the political and economic thought of Edmund Burke, Alexander Hamilton and G. W. F. Hegel. Under the ideological dominance of economic liberalism, economic nationalism has been regarded as economic heresy. However, a heresy in economics turns out to be an orthodoxy of the Western intellectual tradition. In the fourth part, the author constructs a general theory for economic nationalism by drawing upon Émile Durkheim’s political sociology and recent contributions to the study of nationalism and political economy, and discusses its practical implications for the contemporary world of globalisation. It is argued that economic nationalism is a preferable alternative to economic liberalism.
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Avdukic, Alija. « Essays in Islamic political and moral economy : explorations in microeconomic foundations of Islamic economics ». Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11896/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Considering that Islamic finance and banking studies have come into dominance in recent years, there are hardly any studies conducted in Islamic economics and political economy. While financial studies and practices require strong theoretical foundation, this is missing in the case of Islamic finance and banking. Due to the lack of theoretical developments, the working mechanism of Islamic finance is very much neo-classical economics despite the fact that its ontological base is ‘Islamic’. This creates tension between theoretical aspirations of Islamic economics and the realities as observed of Islamic finance. This research, therefore, is an attempt for expanding research in Islamic economics or as termed in his study in Islamic Political and Moral Economy to substantiate the theoretical underpinnings of this sub-discipline, whereby a theoretical foundation can be provided for Islamic finance and banking. This study therefore argues that ‘political and moral’ economy nature establishes the distinguishing nature of Islamic discourse in economics and finance, as the normative world of Islam aims to shape individual behaviour and economic operations by suggesting a different set of political economy which can be located within moral economy tradition. In doing so, this research identified five important topics in economics with the objective of developing a theoretical frame for each of these within Islamic norms and their articulation in economics and finance. These topics are: re-configuring Islamic economics as Islamic Political Economy through identifying its components related to public choice as emphasised by Islamic ontology and epistemology; framing Islamic economics as Islamic Moral Economy; mapping the Islamic economics within the family of heterodox economics; reconsidering the social welfare function within Islamic political economy; conceptualisation of utility function in Islamic moral economy. By interpreting the Islamic norms through economics, moral as well as fiqhi perspectives, this study essentialises ‘Islamic substantive morality’ in developing such theoretical frames as distinguishing nature of this sub-discipline away from ‘rationalism’ of ‘economics and finance’ in general. In addition, this study strongly argues that Islamic economics should be constructed as a ‘political economy construct’, as Islamic norms determines the nature of economic and financial activity and behaviour which suggests an embeddedness and integratitiveness by necessitating an integrative analysis of individual, society, state, and environment and their articulations rather than secluding economic analysis to rational choices and individual preferences. Thus, Islamic Political Economy frame is suggested as the theoretical frame, and Islamic Moral Economy is generated to provide the necessary theoretical substance for this frame. In doing so, the sub-discipline of Islamic economics is provided an essential theoretical base beyond pragmatic and prescriptive definitions. Finally, this research also presents an empirical paper aiming to test the socio-economic performance of Islamic finance in relation to Islamic Moral Economy, which found that against the expected Islamic moral economy attributes, Islamic finance and banking has developed a different trajectory which does not intersects with the substantial morality Islamic Political and Moral Economy essentialises. This study argues that such a ‘social failure’ or ‘transformational failure’, despite the transactional success, can partly be explained by underdeveloped theoretical frame aimed at by Islamic economics. This research is constructed as a theoretically grounded research, which aims to contribute to the body of knowledge in relation to Islamic economics, political and moral economy, as the theoretical knowledge development in these fields remains weak.
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Tonin, Simone. « Strategic foundations of oligopolies in general equilibrium ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7046/.
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In this thesis, I study the strategic foundations of oligopolies in general equilibrium by following the approach based on strategic market games. The thesis is organised as follows. In Chapter 1, I first survey some of the main contributions on imperfect competition in production economies and the main problems which arise in this framework. I then focus on the literature on imperfect competition in exchange economies by considering the Cournot-Walras approach and strategic market games. I finally discuss the main contributions on the foundations of oligopolies. In Chapter 2, I extend the non-cooperative analysis of oligopoly to exchange economies with infinitely many commodities and traders by using a strategic market game with trading posts. I prove the existence of a Cournot-Nash equilibrium with trade and show that the price vector and the allocation at the Cournot-Nash equilibrium converge to the Walras equilibrium when the number of traders increases. In a framework with infinitely many commodities, an oligopolist can be an "asymptotic oligopolist" if his market power is uniformly bounded away from zero on an infinite set of commodities, or an "asymptotic price-taker" if his market power converges to zero along the sequence of commodities. The former corresponds to the Cournotian idea of oligopolist. The latter describes an agent with a kind of mixed behaviour since his market power can be made arbitrary small by choosing an appropriate infinite set of commodities while it is greater than a positive constant on a finite set. In Chapter 3, I further study oligopolies in economies with infinitely many commodities and traders. By using the strategic market game called "all for sale model", I prove the existence of an asymptotic price-taker. Heuristically, an asymptotic price-taker exists if at least one trader makes positive bids on an infinite number of commodities and in all markets the quantities of commodities exchanged are non-negligible. In Chapter 4, I study if there is a non-empty intersection between the sets of Cournot-Nash and Walras allocations in mixed exchange economies, with oligopolists represented as atoms and small traders represented by a continuum. In a bilateral oligopoly setting, I show that a necessary and sufficient condition for a Cournot-Nash allocation to be a Walras allocation is that all atoms demand a null amount of one of the two commodities. I also provide four examples which show that this characterization holds non-vacuously.
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Baumbach, Robert Warren. « Architecture : In the Line of Economy ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9580.
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Three houses are presented in this book. Each house has been designed with distinct site parameters with the expectation that obvious differences in form would occur. The focus of this investigation lies within the significant parallels that exist between the projects and how those parallels relate to the principles that constitute a framework of operation for a designer.Master of Architecture
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Sisodia, Raj, Miguel Uccelli, Jorge Medina, María Julia Saenz, Martín Naranjo et Claudia Cooper. « 6th International Conference on Global Management. Conscious Capitalism : Revising the Foundations of the Market Economy ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652047.
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El evento contó con la participación de conocidos líderes a nivel empresarial como Miguel Uccelli CEO & Country Head de Scotiabank Perú; Jorge Medina ex director gerente de EY; María Julia Saenz directora de asuntos corporativos de Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus & Johnston; Martín Naranjo presidente del directorio de ASBANC y Claudia Cooper presidenta del directorio de la Bolsa de Valores de Lima.En esta ocasión, la conferencia tuvo como tema central el “Conscious Capitalism: Revising the Foundations of the Market Economy” y tuvo como invitado principal a Raj Sisodia, profesor de negocios globales de Babson College, y principal impulsador del capitalismo consciente como movimiento mundial. El Capitalismo Consciente representa una alternativa diferente de cómo hacer negocios en función de un propósito ulterior. Este movimiento tiene como objetivo principal el promover el desarrollo responsable de los negocios, generando valor para todos sus grupos de interés, lo que en sí significa un cambio radical en los paradigmas vigentes sobre la administración de empresas y gestión de negocios.
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Holleman, Hannah, et Hannah Holleman. « Energy Justice and Foundations for a Sustainable Sociology of Energy ». Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12419.
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This dissertation proposes an approach to energy that transcends the focus on energy as a mere technical economic or engineering problem, is connected to sociological theory as a whole, and takes issues of equality and ecology as theoretical starting points. In doing so, the work presented here puts ecological and environmental sociological theory, and the work of environmental justice scholars, feminist ecologists, and energy scholars, in a context in which they may complement one another to broaden the theoretical basis of the current sociology of energy. This theoretical integration provides an approach to energy focused on energy justice. Understanding energy and society in the terms outlined here makes visible energy injustice, or the interface between social inequalities and ecological depredations accumulating as the social and ecological debts of the modern energy regime. Systems ecology is brought into this framework as a means for understanding unequal exchange, energy injustice more generally, and the requirements for long-term social and ecological reproduction in ecological terms. Energy developments in Ecuador and Cuba are used here as case studies in order to further develop the idea of energy justice and the theory of unequal ecological exchange. The point is to broaden the framework of the contemporary critical sociology of energy, putting energy justice at its heart.
This dissertation contains previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
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Requena, Silvente Francisco. « The micro foundations of export behaviour : empirical investigations ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2253/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation presents the results of an empirical investigation into the nature, causes and consequences of the export activity from the point of view of the firm. It comprises five essays, analysing the following topics: Chapter 1 investigates the dynamics of export behaviour among British small and medium sized firms (SMEs) in the nineties. We develop a dynamic model of entry decision in a foreign market that takes into account both unobserved firm heterogeneity and genuine state dependence. After controlling for unobservable firm heterogeneity, we find that up to 75 percent of export persistence in the data is explained by "true" state dependence, and that this dependence is greater among old companies than young companies. Moreover, observable firm characteristics such as size and ownership play a significant role in distinguishing exporters from non-exporters. Chapter 2 reports the results of an empirical investigation of the determinants of export diversification among Spanish exporters. The lack of theory, the unclear past empirical evidence and the use of the census of Spanish exporting firms justifies the use of semi-parametric regression techniques to characterise the pattern of export diversification as a firm becomes more internationalised. Unlike other studies, the finding suggests that the success of strong export-orientated firms relies heavily on both product and market specialisation. Chapter 3 analyses the role of information spillovers in the export destination decision by SMEs. With uncertainty and sunk entry costs, small firms will tend to export to countries where other local exporters have previous experience as information is cheaper and more reliable. In our application for Spain, the findings suggest that geographical agglomeration of exporting firms of the same industry selling to one destination significantly affects the probability of small-medium sized firms exporting to the same destination. The probability to export to one particular destination is also (positively) affected by firm characteristics such as size and export intensity, and gravitational factors such as the level of development and the physical proximity of the destination country. Chapter 4 examines the measurement of market power in an international duopoly market, the ceramic tile industry, over the period 1988-1998. After estimating the marginal costs of each competitor export group, we use both cross-section and time- series techniques to evaluate the degree of competition in this industry. The results suggest that Italian producers are ''leaders" and Spanish producers are ''followers" in a market characterised by substantial positive Chapter 5 investigates the relationship between export activity and technical efficiency using a large panel of firms in the UK manufacturing industry during the nineties. The findings show a positive impact of export status on long-run efficiency among those industries in which the UK reveals a comparative disadvantage, suggesting the important role played by firm competitiveness to overcome industry comparative disadvantage factors. In our analysis of short run efficiency changes, we do not find evidence that efficiency improves as firms become export dependent, markups.
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Wheeler, Scott Barry Ross. « Mathematical foundations for the use of genetic algorithms in economic models ». Title page, abstract and contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw5644.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
"July 2002." Bibliography: leaves 119-126. !. Introduction -- 2. Preliminiaries -- 3. Genetic algorithms -- 4. Equilibria and stability in economic models -- 5. Stochastic representation of economic models -- 6. Two population models -- 7. Overview. The aim of this dissertation is to provide a mathematical foundation for the application of genetic algorithms to economic models.
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Hsu, Ming Camerer Colin. « Three correlated essays on the neural foundations of economic decision-making / ». Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2007. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02022007-163425.
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Vidler, Sacha. « Pension reform : an analysis of the economic foundations of private pensions ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/577.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The dissertation investigates support by economists for the global policy shift away from unfunded public pension schemes towards funded private pension schemes. Influential economists and institutions, including the World Bank, present a suite of economic arguments that suggest that this shift will have positive effects on national economies, particularly in the context of aging. The arguments may be categorised according to their relation to the operation of three sets of institutions: capital markets, labour markets and political systems. In capital markets, the transition is purported to increase private and national saving, increase the quantity and quality of investment, and provide more efficient private administration. In labour markets, it is claimed that the shift will reduce labour market distortions associated with public pensions, which inhibit competitiveness, produce unemployment and encourage early retirement. According to the World Bank, public pensions systems cause these distortions without achieving their stated objective of reducing inequality. In the political sphere, the shift is purported to insulate the pension system from political pressures, which otherwise inevitably lead to crisis. The thesis provides evidence which refutes these claims. The best research, including studies by orthodox economists, indicate that the shift does not increase savings or investment, or improve the quality of financial investment. The main effect of tax concessions associated with private pension systems is to divert to private pension funds savings that would occur in any case via other mechanisms. The tax concessions are also regressive, even in systems with compulsory elements. Private administration of pensions, particularly in a plural consumer market setting, is highly inefficient, with customers at a disadvantage in dealing with providers due to the complexity and opacity of products and pricing. A negative relationship is found between public pension spending and levels of elderly poverty, suggesting that reducing public pension spending increases levels of elderly inequality. Public pensions are found not to explain differences in economic growth between regions. Elements of system design which distort labour markets, such as by encouraging early retirement, can easily be adjusted. However, such elements are explicit government policy in several countries. A review of public and private pensions finds that examples of public system crisis are associated with instances of economic and political collapse, rather than system design. Private funded systems are found to be more vulnerable, not less, to the same external influences. Relatively generous universal public pension systems are found to be financially sustainable despite demographic change, assuming modest levels of economic growth.
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Vidler, Sacha. « Pension reform an analysis of the economic foundations of private pensions / ». University of Sydney. Political Economy, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/577.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The dissertation investigates support by economists for the global policy shift away from unfunded public pension schemes towards funded private pension schemes. Influential economists and institutions, including the World Bank, present a suite of economic arguments that suggest that this shift will have positive effects on national economies, particularly in the context of aging. The arguments may be categorised according to their relation to the operation of three sets of institutions: capital markets, labour markets and political systems. In capital markets, the transition is purported to increase private and national saving, increase the quantity and quality of investment, and provide more efficient private administration. In labour markets, it is claimed that the shift will reduce labour market distortions associated with public pensions, which inhibit competitiveness, produce unemployment and encourage early retirement. According to the World Bank, public pensions systems cause these distortions without achieving their stated objective of reducing inequality. In the political sphere, the shift is purported to insulate the pension system from political pressures, which otherwise inevitably lead to crisis. The thesis provides evidence which refutes these claims. The best research, including studies by orthodox economists, indicate that the shift does not increase savings or investment, or improve the quality of financial investment. The main effect of tax concessions associated with private pension systems is to divert to private pension funds savings that would occur in any case via other mechanisms. The tax concessions are also regressive, even in systems with compulsory elements. Private administration of pensions, particularly in a plural consumer market setting, is highly inefficient, with customers at a disadvantage in dealing with providers due to the complexity and opacity of products and pricing. A negative relationship is found between public pension spending and levels of elderly poverty, suggesting that reducing public pension spending increases levels of elderly inequality. Public pensions are found not to explain differences in economic growth between regions. Elements of system design which distort labour markets, such as by encouraging early retirement, can easily be adjusted. However, such elements are explicit government policy in several countries. A review of public and private pensions finds that examples of public system crisis are associated with instances of economic and political collapse, rather than system design. Private funded systems are found to be more vulnerable, not less, to the same external influences. Relatively generous universal public pension systems are found to be financially sustainable despite demographic change, assuming modest levels of economic growth.
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Yelkenci, Guler Irem. « An Assessment of Knowledge City Foundations : The Case of Istanbul ». Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1243315593.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Master of Community Planning)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: Rainer Vom Hofe. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Aug. 26, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: knowledge economy; knowledge city; Istanbul; Turkey; urban planning. Includes bibliographical references.
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Gates, Susan. « The historical foundations of ethnic Chinese economic dominance in Indonesia : Dutch colonial rule / ». Title page and introduction only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arg259.pdf.
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Powell, Scott R. « Shifting the Employment Burden : The Social and Economic Foundations of Welfare State Reform ». The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1325176807.
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Arenga, Carolina Couto de Albuquerque Leitão. « A economia social e as fundações na provisão de bens públicos ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8717.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em Economia e Políticas PúblicasA presente dissertação tem por objetivo principal a análise da relevância das fundações na economia portuguesa e em particular na provisão de bens e serviços públicos pondo o caso português em contexto internacional. Inicialmente analisam-se as características e composição do terceiro setor. No seguimento, detalha-se ainda o enquadramento legal e a evolução recente e peso na economia nacional, assim como a importância do grau de contribuição das fundações para a Economia Social em Portugal, uma vez que o crescente aparecimento destas entidades realça a necessidade do estudo de responsabilização do fornecimento de bens públicos. Ainda no âmbito da caracterização do sector no nosso país, apresentamos o Relatório de Avaliação das Fundações, fruto de um exercício de recolha de contributos das fundações e entidades públicas destinatárias do censo, tendo sido os resultados tratados pelo Ministério das Finanças para efeitos de avaliação do custo/benefício e viabilidade das mesmas fundações. Tendo resultado deste exercício o primeiro "Relatório Global de avaliação" e fichas individuais das fundações envolvidas. O nosso estudo não ficaria completo sem avaliar a relevância das fundações no setor social e na economia portuguesa, sistematizando os diferentes dados recolhidos ao longo dos últimos anos e delineando a contribuição de cada sector para a denominada "Economia Social". Partindo deste cenário, partimos para a apresentação das fundações em Portugal. A descrição feita apoia-se nos mais recentes dados recolhidos no nosso país que refletem os sectores dominantes e as características das fundações em Portugal.
The main goal of the present dissertation is to analyse the role of the foundations in the Portuguese economy namely in the provision of public goods and services, comparing the Portuguese case to the international standards. Initially, one analyses the characteristics and composition of the third sector. Following this, one presents the context detailing the legal framework and the recent evolution and its relevance in the national economy, as well as the importance of the foundations to the Portuguese economy. It is clear that the growth of these entities stress the need to study the responsibility to provide public goods. Still in the angle of describing the sector in our country, we present the Report of the Evaluation of the Foundations, which was the result of an exercise of receiving contributions of the foundations and public entities. The results were processed by the Ministry of Finances to assess the cost/benefit and viability of those foundations. In the aftermath of this exercise the first "Evaluation Global Report" was issued as well as individual records of the foundations. Our study would not be completed without drafting the snapshot of the Social Economy in Portugal, sifting through the different data collected during the last years and drawing the contributions of each sector to the so called "Social Economy". Starting from this scenario, we proceed to do the presentation of the foundations in Portugal.
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Barcadurmus, Mehmet. « Economic foundations of strategic management on the economic conceptualisation of the nature and sustainability of profit differentials among firms ». Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34911.
Texte intégralRésumé :
One of the enduring problems facing researchers of strategic management is the lack of theoretical foundations available to describe, explain and predict the behaviour of firms and markets. Strategic management theory seems to be strongly focused on empirical issues rather than theoretical and methodological ones. By contrast, economics, which, like strategic management theory, is interested in firm and market behaviour, may be particularly strong at theoretical and methodological issues. The present study develops the thesis that economic conceptualisations of the firm and of the market can help to further the development of strategic management theory. The study constructs theoretical linkages between basic propositions and assumptions of strategic management theory and those of economic theories of the market and of the firm. The study builds such conceptual bridges between strategic management theory and economics by assessing (1) neoclassical economics, economics of industrial organisation, evolutionary economics, institutional economics, behavioural economics, and (2) the strategic management theories, namely, the positioning approach (Porter) and resource-based approach (Wernerfelt, Rumelt, Barney). By examining research problem orientation and hard core assumptions, as suggested by Kuhn and Lakatos, the study found that apart from neoclassical economics, other economic theories allow to substantiate strategic management theory in economic terms. In specific, the study explicated that there is a large overlap between economics and strategic management theory for explaining and predicting issues concerning (1) the sources of profit differentials (competitive advantage), (2) the reasons how differentials are sustained despite competition, and (3) the conceptualisation of differentials as outcome of strategy following behaviour of firms under conditions of uncertainty.
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Quintal, Ema Carolina Viveiros. « Economia circular e desperdício alimentar : o caso da Cooperativa Fruta Feia ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21045.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos EuropeusO objetivo deste trabalho é discutir em que medida a Economia Circular (EC) pode ser útil no combate ao desperdício alimentar (DA). Depois de fazermos uma revisão de literatura não sistemática sobre os conceitos EC, Desperdício e Perdas Alimentares e sobre a relação entre ambos, baseámo-nos num estudo de caso - a Cooperativa Fruta Feia - para concretizar a discussão sobre o contributo da EC para a redução do DA. Concluímos que a EC contribui para a redução do desperdício.
The aim of this work is to discuss the extent to which the Circular Economy (CE) can be useful in combating food waste (FW). After a non-systematic reviewing of the literature on the concepts of CE, Waste and Food Losses and on the relationship between both, we relied on a case study - the Cooperativa Fruta Feia - to implement the discussion on the contribution of CE to the reduction of FW. We conclude that CE contributes to the reduction of FW.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Goddard, John Gabriel. « Microeconomic foundations of knowledge-driven growth : modelling the dynamic allocation of R&D resources ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:775f8ca2-6042-499f-926b-cdcca1acad24.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This D.Phil, thesis undertakes a theoretical analysis of the microeconomic incentives for scientific and technical knowledge-creating activities at the firm-level, the channels by which these activities impinge on industrial change and economic growth, and the effectiveness of governmental policies formulated to influence these systemic linkages. The motivation for this work is explained in Chapter 2, which reviews the state of the art in new growth theory and puts forward a typology of privately sponsored RandD activities and knowledge resources defining the premises on which the thesis rests. Chapters 3 and 4 investigate the RandD allocation and output decisions of a profitmaximising monopolist investing in exploratory- and applications-oriented research, dealing separately with product and process innovations. The characteristic properties of the optimal time paths are ascertained by means of formal and numerical optimal control methods, including comparative dynamics. The complementarity between the two modes of research is shown to generate increasing returns, but these turn out to be short-lived. The model is extended in Chapter 5 to study the development of multiple product lines. Knowledge spillovers and demand-side externalities across successive product lines can provide the basis for continued spending on RandD, allowing sustained output growth and profitability. Chapters 6 to 8 turn to the challenges of modelling the irreducible elements of uncertainty in the innovation process and their bearing upon the dynamics of market competition and industry structure. In the sequential game theoretic model introduced, firms can invest in fundamentally uncertain "innovative-RandD," or wait until the uncertainty surrounding original innovation is dispelled and invest in certain but costly "imitative-RandD." These decisions are taken in a vertically and horizontally differentiated market where noninnovating firms can compete with a "traditional" product. The industry-wide scale of RandD investments and the related evolution in market structure are determined endogenously. To do so, a symmetric equilibrium concept is defined and its uniqueness established. The model can support Schumpeterian industry evolutions, in which surges of innovative entry are followed by waves of imitation, and ensuing "creative destruction" in which traditional producers are driven out of the industry and innovators' rents are eventually eroded. Numerical simulations are employed in Chapter 7 to provide further insights into the evolution of product development, market structure, pricing, firm growth, profitability, and consumer welfare. The final chapter considers the implications of this game theoretic approach for competition and innovation policies.
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Ozkan, Kadir. « Theoretising the foundational concepts of the process of financial crimes in comparative economic systems : an attempt in grounded theory ». Thesis, Durham University, 2014. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10934/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Financial crimes have become one of the most destructive types of crime in post-industrial societies in terms of economic and financial consequences. While the importance of financial institutions in the modern economic system cannot be negated, their critical function in the society with their enormous powers brings about many questions, especially in relation to systems of checks and balances. The increasing number of adverse examples in the last decades provide evidence for the enormous negative consequences of corporate failures resulting from shortcomings in the checks and balances. This study, hence, is motivated by the current financial failures, and aims at exploring and examining financial crimes in terms of the process of becoming a financial white-collar criminal in various financial systems, namely capitalist, socialist and Islamic systems, as well as exploring the vulnerability and propensity of each system in relation to financial crimes. In addition, this study, departing from the shortcomings of Eurocentric understanding and referring to cultural and religious norms, aims to re-conceptualise some of the concepts, subcategories and dimensions with the objective of developing and theorising an improved version of rational choice theory in criminology for a better comparison. In fulfilling the aims of the study, a discourse analysis approach through a deconstruction method is utilised to locate and identify the underpinnings of the existing theoretical frameworks through comparative case study as a method, by comparing extreme cases of market/capitalist finance, socialist/transitional and Islamic/moral finance. In addition, grounded theory is used as a method to construct a modified version of the existing theories by using a number of formal codes such as ‘motivation’, ‘environment’, ‘target’, ‘guardian’ as concepts and ‘opportunity spaces’, ‘real, perceived selves’, ‘ideal and feared’, ‘need and guarding gaps’, ‘haste’, ‘expectations’, ‘deviance’, ‘crime motivation’, ‘act of crime’ etc. as subcategories and ‘material’, ‘social’ and ‘moral’ as dimensions. Such an attempt is rationalised on the ground that the current criminology theories are unfortunately linear theories and they do not make decisions about a regular person. Therefore, there is no crime theory that is confident enough to receive a regular person and make dynamic, relativist, complex analysis about them in prospect, depending on the changing conditions of the inner and outer world of the individual, unlike the ‘complex theory of crime’ produced by this research through grounded theory. A comparative analysis to order the financial systems according to their vulnerability to financial crimes is also provided in this study using the ‘opportunity spaces’ concept of the grounded theory which develops the classical ‘opportunity’ argument of the rational choice theory to almost a small theory of opportunity. This analysis suggests that the most vulnerable financial system to financial crime is the market based financial system, which is followed by socialist/transitional and Islamized financial systems. The comparative analysis of the study on crime propensities of financial systems also confirms the literature on economic and financial systems that argues that the financial systems are converging despite their strong and distinctive ontological and epistemological differences and capacities to enrich and improve each other. The theoretical model developed in this study reveals that crime motivation is only an extension of ordinary motivation and has a dynamic nature. Dynamic in both the micro world of the individual and his/her close social/physical environment and also the macro environment in terms of the wider space of political-economy and social culture. This study fills an important gap in criminology literature which has been sought for decades since the 1970s. Indeed, the resultant theory in this study is unique in its approach because it is a micro-founded macro theory, unlike all the criminology theories which have either micro (biological, psychological theories, control theories) or macro (i.e. symbolic interactions, social bonds theory, life-course theory, conflict theory) foundations.
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Mitchell, Joshua L. « Foundations for Policy Innovations : Exploring Local Policy Diffusion ». OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/630.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation examines various internal factors within a county and external factors outside the county that influence policy adoption. Particular attention is given to external factors, or the possible ways that counties respond to the policies of their neighbors. This study focuses on the multiple external processes involved that contribute to policy adoption. These include policy diffusion, lagged diffusion, and conditional diffusion. These processes are used to test hypotheses that will better explain how counties react to their neighbors' policy adoptions. Unlike most studies that examine only one process, multiple processes are tested to determine if they vary across different policies. This study explores Tax Incremental Financing districts, smoking bans, and the sales tax rates of counties in the state of Missouri. Missouri is politically, economically, and demographically similar to other states, therefore making it a sufficient case for this study. I find that different processes are involved in policy adoption, and that counties mainly react to one another through economic competition. I also find that certain county-level characteristics influence a county's likelihood of adopting policies. These findings will enable scholars to better determine the multiple processes involved in county policy adoption.
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Mathis, Klaus. « Efficiency instead of justice ? : searching for the philosophical foundations of the economic analysis of law / ». Dordrecht : Springer Netherland, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017094970&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Winkler, Louisa Rosemarie. « Building the Genetic, Agronomic and Economic Foundations for Expansion of Oat Cultivation in Western Washington ». Thesis, Washington State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10257011.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Oats (Avena sativa L.) are a versatile crop with diverse genetic resources. A study of population structure in a collection of oat genotypes relatively unaffected by recent breeding activity identified an under-utilized area of genetic diversity which could be a source of novel alleles for agronomic traits and disease resistance. Association mapping in the collection generates the first molecular evidence for genetic architecture of traits including awn frequency and hull color. The history of oats in western Washington reveals an evolution away from regional self-sufficiency and towards greater integration with national and global markets. Recently, growth of interest in and demand for local and regional agriculture are fostering a more purposeful approach to regionality, and will be integral to reinvented roles for oats in western Washington. One opportunity for oats is the milling (food) oat market. To address a lack of regionally specific information on production practices and variety choice, two years of oat variety tests were carried out on organic and conventional farms in four counties. Estimated revenues based on agronomic and grain quality data suggest that milling oats are economically competitive with other small grain options. Hulless oats could be an alternative to corn and wheat for organic poultry producers seeking locally grown feeds. Three varieties of locally grown hulless oats were supplemented for corn and wheat in a feeding trial of Hy-Line Brown laying hens. The oats had no negative effects on hen health and productivity, and were economically competitive with commercially sourced organic corn and wheat. Oat variety showed no influence on feed value. Eggs from the feeding trial were used in a consumer evaluation. While there was evidence that feeding hulless oats changed the sensory properties of eggs by reducing yolk proportion, effect sizes were small. Overall, results support existing evidence that hulless oats can be fed to poultry at a moderate proportion of the diet with no negative effect on consumer acceptability of eggs. These projects rebuild a regional knowledge base for the adaptation and utilization of oats, which offer promising opportunities to diversify rotations and strengthen local food systems in western Washington.
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August, III John William. « ARISTOTLE'S OIKONOMIA, THE MODES OF EMPLOTMENT, AND A FOUNDATION FOR NORMATIVE CONVERSATIONS ON STORYTELLING ». OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/719.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The following text is devoted specifically to an extrapolation of the literary narrative modes of emplotment as advanced by Hayden White. Utilizing these modes of emplotment as a critical tool for analysis of cultural narrative, a case study is constructed that takes Aristotle`s philosophy of oikonomia as narrative, in both the comedic and the tragic modes, and shows how the normative narrative as offered by Aristotle has, through history, been transformed into the tragic, at least in the United States. This is followed by a brief analysis of how the romantic and comedic modes of emplotment interact with each other, which points to the dangers that might arise. This is primarily a work that begins a much larger project involved in the narrative modes of emplotment and their ethical implications in our lived experiences.
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Chênerie, Anne <1997>. « The Querini Stampalia Foundation and the Bevilacqua La Masa Foundation : the role of these two institutions in contributing to the definition and sustainability of Venice through a youth policy ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/22045.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis intends to propose a reflection on the social weight of cultural institutions and their capacity to participate in the definition and socio-economic sustainability of a city. This reflection will be brought more specifically in the Venetian context, a city today facing a massive depopulation opposed to mass tourism in a context of climate change, seeking therefore to transform and rethink itself to ensure its sustainability. Therefore, the Querini Stampalia Foundation (QSF) and the Bevilacqua La Masa Foundation (BLMF) have since their creation a close link with Venice and an important and undeniable social weight. This thesis seeks to find out whether these foundations participate in the development and necessary transformation of the city, focusing the research on the prism of youth. Each of these institutions, placing young people at the heart of their raison d'être, have an impact on the city and have a capacity to attract a younger population which Venice needs. By analysing the aims, the programming, the cultural policies but also the changes of orientation that these cultural institutions have undergone since their creation, this thesis will attempt to investigate on the links between youth, these two foundations and Venice, in order to understand whether cultural organisations and the youth have a role to play in the social and economical sustainability of a city.
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Gonzalez, Alvarez Eleazar U. « Economic and social foundations of collective action an inter-disciplinary institutional approach to Mexican dairy farmers / ». Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4816.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on February 13, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Алібекова, Юлія Тагібеківна, Юлия Тагибековна Алибекова et Yuliia Tahibekivna Alibekova. « Сonceptual foundations of management by ecological, social and economic risks in the context of sustainable development ». Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9947.
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Jechoutek, Karl G. « Religious competition, Creole identities, and economic development : foundations of competitive diversity in early Victorian Cape Town ». Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11389.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 242-276).
What kind of economic development trajectory can be expected in cosmopolitan cities that display a high degree of cultural, religious, ethnic and social diversity? Much can be gleaned from examining defined periods in their history that show a rapid transition in religious/cultural and socio-economic terms. Cape Town, a city that prides itself on its deeply rooted diversity and hybridity, and aspires to global status as a creative urban hub after having emerged from the rigidities of apartheid, appears not to be able to manage a breakthrough to sustained long-term development. An examination of the city's transformational period during the early decades of the nineteenth century may explain why this is so. Competitive diversity in religion, culture and business provided the template for a highly individualised development path with a short time horizon. This work uses the analytical tools of human development theory, cultural value analysis, the linkages between religion and economics, rational choice theory, urban development studies, and the study of identity formation and creolisation to construct a lens for the review of religious and socio-economic discourse in Cape Town during the first half of the nineteenth century.
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Brink, Zonia. « A foundation to the development of an economic impact study of the tourism industry for GHACT ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52638.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This document contains a Situation Analysis of tourism in the Greater Hermanus region, which is part of the Overberg region in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. It forms an essential component of the process to develop a Tourism Policy and Strategy for the local tourism bureau. As such it is important to note that the objectives of the document are threefold. Firstly, it provides overall background information and an analysis of the current tourism situation of Hermanus, the various role-players and the different festivals. Secondly, it provides a broad framework of the positive and negative impacts tourism and festivals could have on the economic, social and environmental fields of a tourist destination like Hermanus. Lastly, the document offers guidelines for future study areas under which the tourist, various role-players and festivals/events can be evaluated in order to calculate their impacts in the Hermanus tourism industry. These goals were to be established in subsequent interactive workshops, discussions, interviews and other inputs from the various community representatives and other tourism role-players in Greater Hermanus. The scope of this report is limited to an overall framework and broad guidelines to put festival and role-player evaluation, and impact management for the Greater Hermanus region on a firm platform and continuous footing. At this phase of the project specific recommendations and proposals for development of the tourism industry in the region are excluded, as this will form part of the further phases of the project of developing the Tourism Policy and Strategy. Based on the findings it is recommended that the local tourism bureau must focus on developing a sustainable tourism strategy, identify a single spokesperson that is recognised as the leading force for unifying the industry towards one goal, and lastly to develop and maintain a knowledge base system to ensure proper planning and support decisionmaking. The document concludes by summarising the recommendations along with a list of the key issues and strategic challenges that needs to be addressed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie dokument bevat 'n situasie analise van die toerismebedryf in die Groter Hermanus, 'n gebied wat deel is van die Overberg in die provinsie Wes- Kaap, Suid-Afrika. Dit is 'n onmisbare komponent van die proses om in Toerisme Beleid en Stategie vir die plaaslike toerismeburo te ontwikkel. Die einddoel van die dokument is drievoudig. Eerstens word oorsigtelike agtergrond inligting en 'n analise van die huidige stand van die toerismebedryf in Hermanus, die verskillende rolspelers en die feeste daarin vervat. Tweedens verskaf dit 'n breë raamwerk oor die positiewe en negatiewe impak wat toerisme en feeste kan hê op ekonomiese-, sosiale- en ontwikkelingsgebied op 'n toeriste-attraksie soos Hermanus. Laastens bevat die dokument riglyne aan die hand waarvan verdere studies onderneem kan word, soos dié waarin toeriste, die verskillende rolspelers en feeste geevalueer word. Hierdie doelwitte is daargestel tydens werksessies, besprekings, onderhoude en ander insette deur verskeie verteenwoordigers van die plaaslike gemeenskap en ander rolspelers in die toerismebedryf van Hermanus. Die omvang van hierdie studie is egter beperk tot 'n oorsigtelike raamwerk en breë riglyne om die assesering van die feeste en die rolspelers sowel as die impakbestuur van die Groter Hermanus op 'n stewige voetstuk te plaas. Op hierdie tydstip van die projek word spesifieke aanbevelings en voorstelle vir die ontwikkeling van die toerisme-industrie in die gebied uitgesluit. Dit sal gevolglik ingesluit word in die verdere fases van die projek wanneer die ontwikkeling van 'n toerisme beleid en strategie in diepte bestudeer word. Aanbevelings wat spruit uit die bevindings van hierdie studie is dat die plaaslike toerismeburo 'n volhoubare toerisme strategie moet ontwikkel. Verder moet daar ook 'n persoon aangewys word om die industrie aan te voer tot 'n gesamentlike einddoel. Laastens moet die toerismeburo 'n kennis basis sisteem ontwikkel en onderhou wat voldoende beplanning sal verseker en besluitneming kan ondersteun. Ter afsluiting word daar volstaan deur die aanbevelings op te som en die sleutelfaktore en strategiese uitdagings wat aandag moet geniet, kortliks aan te spreek.
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Fabris, Susanna <1988>. « Organizzazione di eventi nei musei : pianificazione e rendicontazione di alcuni casi presso la François Pinault Foundation ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1537.
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Christie, Tamoya A. L. « Essays on Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/econ_diss/75.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation comprises two essays. The first essay explores how the size of government, as measured by the level of spending, affects growth. Theoretical models suggest a nonlinear relationship; however, testing this hypothesis empirically in cross-country studies is complicated by the endogeneity of government spending and the accurate identification of turning points. This paper examines the nonlinear hypothesis by incorporating threshold analysis in a cross-country growth regression. Using a broad panel of countries over the period 1971-2005, the results show evidence in favor of a nonlinear effect, but not of the form predicted by theory. When total government spending is low, there is no statistically significant effect on economic growth. However, after passing a certain threshold government spending exhibits a negative effect on growth.
The second essay develops a dynamic macroeconomic model to explore how variations in the composition and financing of government expenditures affect economic growth in the long-run. The model is used to analyze how public investment spending funded by taxes or borrowing affects long-term output growth. The model is calibrated to reflect economic conditions in the seven largest Latin American economies during the period 1990 to 2008. We find that, where tax rates are not already high, funding public investment by raising taxes may increase long-run growth. If existing tax rates are high, then public investment is only growth-enhancing if funded by restructuring the composition of public spending. Interestingly, using debt to finance new public investment compromises growth, regardless of the initial fiscal condition.
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Rogers, Joseph William. « Arms production in the Third World : an analysis of explanatory approaches based on political and economic foundations / ». The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487842372893709.
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MARRAS, FABIANA. « The healthcare goods logistics innovation evaluation : theoretical foundations and practical applications ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266757.
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The research presented in this thesis is focused on innovation in
the health goods logistics process managed by hospital companies, with
particular reference to the systems for the evaluation of its performance.
It can be seen as an initial observation of the current knowledge in the
context of healthcare goods logistics innovation within hospital
companies (chapter 1); an initial deduction, from the literature, and
explanation of a model for the healthcare goods logistics innovation
performance measurement (chapter 2); an initial testing of the validity of
this model and comparison with other systems of evaluation that
emerge from the analysis of a case study (chapter 3). The thesis has the
objective to offer a managerial support for the innovation performance
evaluation of the healthcare goods logistics process managed by
hospital companies.
In particular, the purpose of the first article is to present a theoretical
framework of the healthcare goods logistics process and its innovation
within hospitals, that is, the process which includes all the activities
from receiving healthcare goods until their delivery to patients. In
contrast to other contexts, in healthcare the strategic importance of this
process has only recently been recognised: it is essential for service
differentiation and quality improvements, playing a central role in
supporting the efficient operational functioning of hospitals. Although
this is an important issue both theoretically and in practice, there has so
far and to the best of our knowledge been no attempt to systematically
review the literature examining hospital logistics process and its
innovation. Therefore, in order to address this deficit, a Systematic
Review of selected peer-reviewed articles is presented, providing a
more complete understanding of the theme and focusing on concepts and definitions, process organisation, models, types of innovations and
their conditions.
The second paper aims to define a measurement system for the
evaluation of innovations in the logistics process within hospitals.
Driven by the need to contain costs and improve the quality of services
provided to patients, hospitals are dealing with the complexities of
business process reengineering of their critical processes, among which
are the logistics of health goods. However, against the growing
diffusion of these initiatives, there are still very limited attempts to
propose and apply models to assess the performance of these
innovations. The work differs from previous examinations of logistics
performance measurement in that it uses a broader scope, following a
Systematic Review of the literature, and its suggestion that a logistics
innovation evaluation system must consider different performance
dimensions, including costs, benefits, quality and safety. From a
practical point of view, the work provides an important tool for the
management of hospitals involved in logistics innovation evaluation,
which are currently supported with inadequate systems of analysis.
The objective of the third study is to identify any problems and
inefficiencies in the logistics innovation evaluation system adopted by a
hospital company and to define possible paths for improvement. The
study is undertaken through combining a review of the literature and
an empirical exploratory investigation, the latter conducted through
qualitative methodology based on a case study. The focus of the case
study is the Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Cagliari, a hospital
affected by the experimentation of new organisational and
technological solutions for the management of the healthcare goods
logistics process. The results of the analysis document how the
performance of the new method of management of healthcare goods
logistics can be defined in terms of benefits to the economic, organisational, quality and process safety aspects. From the research
conducted, and on the basis of a comparison with more complex
approaches and measurement systems, it is clear that a logistics
performance evaluation system which is based on only a limited set of
indicators has evident criticalities. This study provides suggestions and
guidelines for the design of a more articulated and complex tool to
monitor the performance of the healthcare goods logistics process in
order to improve the approach and the evaluation system currently
adopted by the hospital management. It also contributes to the
literature on hospital management through adopting a current research
perspective.
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De, Leon Ignacio Luis. « Competition policy and institutional reform in Latin America : exploring the institutional foundations for economic growth in developing countries ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317980/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Until recently, institutional reforms implemented under the so-called 'apertura' economic strategy has emphasized the correction of macroeconomic imbalances through specific policy measures (i.e. privatization, open trade, fiscal balance, stable exchange rates). As overall imbalances have been corrected, policy makers are considering the introduction of a second generation of 'institutional reforms'. Consequently, the focus of reform would shift into the promotion of productivity, competition and innovation at the entrepreneurial level. These institutional goals presuppose a new regulatory framework, amenable to market functioning. Antitrust policy is one example among many regulatory initiatives being advocated to support market reforms. This thesis shows how the broad misconceptions about the nature of markets still pervades policy-making throughout the region. Antitrust policies could threaten to reproduce, under powerful new forms, the former interventionism that characterised 'development' policies of the 1960s and 1970s. Paradoxically, this interventionism would be justified in the name of preserving market transparency. Advocate of antitrust policies often share a subtle anti-market bias: Markets are regarded structures, where density of concentration determines how competitive they are. Following the welfare implications drawn from the neoclassical models of equilibrium, economic exchange is examined under severely constrained conditions: individuals are assumed to possess complete information and transactions are 'timeless'. The aftermath of this perspective is that all business arrangements are regarded 'restrictions to competition', some of these suspected of sheltering monopolistic purposes. The effects of these policies in the region could be particularly harmful in Latin America, as business interacting in the domestic markets of the region have developed over time numerous forms of unofficial institutional devices, most of them addressed to complement the lack of transparency of the enforcement of the official legal framework. In the wake of apertura, these institutional devices, coupled with high levels of economic concentration, appear to favour monopolistic conducts, but in fact they attempt to correct the adverse effects of decades of dirigisme and uncertainly of a stable rule of law upon business activities. Latin markets are undergoing a fast transformation since aperture began. Due to the lifting of trade regulations, there is a significant wave of mergers and acquisitions, privatization processes, setting up joint ventures, selling undervalued assets, and proliferation of new corporate forms and other forms of efficient association reshaping old inefficient structures and replacing them with new ones. Young Latin American antitrust agencies have already challenged many of these udertakings as sheltering some form of monopolistic endeavor. Under a perspective emphasizing the evolutive nature of market interaction, these conducts appear simply as modalities by which the economic knowledge of each market participant is passed on to others in the system. These seemingly monopolistic attempts are in fact efficient arrangements allowing businesses to plan in advance their activities relating to conjectural future business scenarios. These arrangements sometime encourage mergers, vertical integration, and even collusion, but they are also responsible for new market discoveries, innovation and increased production. To support this conclusion, this theses is supported on the heuristic process view of markets initiated by the School of Subjectivism in economic science. To promote competition and innovation within Latin America's weak institutional setting, a strong policy of deregulation, and limitation to government intervention through political accountability and judicial review is advocated in place of conventional antitrust policy, which would retain a marginal role.
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Klausinger, Hansjörg. « The Nationalökonomische Gesellschaft from its foundation to the postwar period : prosperity and depression ». Springer, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10663-019-09439-4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Nationalökonomische Gesellschaft (NOeG) was founded in June 1918 by a
group of young scholars, mostly based in Vienna, as a forum for theoretical debate.
Despite the prominent economists involved (e.g. Schumpeter, Mises, Mayer, Spann,
Amonn) its activities soon petered out. The relaunch of the NOeG in 1927 originated
from the necessity of the two strands of the Austrian school, led by Mayer
and Mises, to find some tolerable arrangement; Spann and economists outside the
University of Vienna were excluded. Around 1930 the NOeG and Vienna in general
proved an attraction for many well-known economists from abroad, and many
of the papers presented were printed and cited in first-rate journals. Yet with the
emigration of many Austrian economists during the 1930s the NOeG mirrored the
general decline of academic economics in Austria and the number and quality of the
papers presented decreased. After the Anschluss 1938 the NOeG and its president
Mayer were quick in dismissing its Jewish members and in the following adhered
to a strategy of inconspicuous adaptation; its formal existence did not lead to any
substantial activities. The post-war period was characterized by the restoration of
the situation before 1938, with Mayer's continued presence at the university as well
as at the NOeG a case in point. In the end, it led Austrian academic economics into a
state of international isolation and "provincialization" much lamented by the émigré
economists of the Austrian school.
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Fini, Riccardo <1978>. « Do Academic and Private Entrepreneurs differ ? An empirical analysis of the Micro-Foundation of Entrepreneurial Orientation ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1158/1/Fini_Riccardo_Tesi.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This Doctoral Thesis focuses on the study of individual behaviours as a result of
organizational affiliation. The objective is to assess the Entrepreneurial Orientation of individuals
proving the existence of a set of antecedents to that measure returning a structural model of its
micro-foundation. Relying on the developed measurement model, I address the issue whether some
Entrepreneurs experience different behaviours as a result of their academic affiliation, comparing a
sample of ‘Academic Entrepreneurs’ to a control sample of ‘Private Entrepreneurs’ affiliated to a
matched sample of Academic Spin-offs and Private Start-ups.
Building on the Theory of the Planned Behaviour, proposed by Ajzen (1991), I present a
model of causal antecedents of Entrepreneurial Orientation on constructs extensively used and
validated, both from a theoretical and empirical perspective, in sociological and psychological
studies. I focus my investigation on five major domains: (a) Situationally Specific Motivation, (b)
Personal Traits and Characteristics, (c) Individual Skills, (d) Perception of the Business
Environment and (e) Entrepreneurial Orientation Related Dimensions.
I rely on a sample of 200 Entrepreneurs, affiliated to a matched sample of 72 Academic
Spin-offs and Private Start-ups. Firms are matched by Industry, Year of Establishment and
Localization and they are all located in the Emilia Romagna region, in northern Italy. I’ve gathered
data by face to face interviews and used a Structural Equation Modeling technique (Lisrel 8.80,
Joreskog, K., & Sorbom, D. 2006) to perform the empirical analysis.
The results show that Entrepreneurial Orientation is a multi-dimensional micro-founded
construct which can be better represented by a Second-Order Model. The t-tests on the latent means
reveal that the Academic Entrepreneurs differ in terms of: Risk taking, Passion, Procedural and
Organizational Skills, Perception of the Government, Context and University Supports. The
Structural models also reveal that the main differences between the two groups lay in the predicting
power of Technical Skills, Perceived Context Support and Perceived University Support in
explaining the Entrepreneurial Orientation Related Dimensions.
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Fini, Riccardo <1978>. « Do Academic and Private Entrepreneurs differ ? An empirical analysis of the Micro-Foundation of Entrepreneurial Orientation ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1158/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This Doctoral Thesis focuses on the study of individual behaviours as a result of
organizational affiliation. The objective is to assess the Entrepreneurial Orientation of individuals
proving the existence of a set of antecedents to that measure returning a structural model of its
micro-foundation. Relying on the developed measurement model, I address the issue whether some
Entrepreneurs experience different behaviours as a result of their academic affiliation, comparing a
sample of ‘Academic Entrepreneurs’ to a control sample of ‘Private Entrepreneurs’ affiliated to a
matched sample of Academic Spin-offs and Private Start-ups.
Building on the Theory of the Planned Behaviour, proposed by Ajzen (1991), I present a
model of causal antecedents of Entrepreneurial Orientation on constructs extensively used and
validated, both from a theoretical and empirical perspective, in sociological and psychological
studies. I focus my investigation on five major domains: (a) Situationally Specific Motivation, (b)
Personal Traits and Characteristics, (c) Individual Skills, (d) Perception of the Business
Environment and (e) Entrepreneurial Orientation Related Dimensions.
I rely on a sample of 200 Entrepreneurs, affiliated to a matched sample of 72 Academic
Spin-offs and Private Start-ups. Firms are matched by Industry, Year of Establishment and
Localization and they are all located in the Emilia Romagna region, in northern Italy. I’ve gathered
data by face to face interviews and used a Structural Equation Modeling technique (Lisrel 8.80,
Joreskog, K., & Sorbom, D. 2006) to perform the empirical analysis.
The results show that Entrepreneurial Orientation is a multi-dimensional micro-founded
construct which can be better represented by a Second-Order Model. The t-tests on the latent means
reveal that the Academic Entrepreneurs differ in terms of: Risk taking, Passion, Procedural and
Organizational Skills, Perception of the Government, Context and University Supports. The
Structural models also reveal that the main differences between the two groups lay in the predicting
power of Technical Skills, Perceived Context Support and Perceived University Support in
explaining the Entrepreneurial Orientation Related Dimensions.
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Lawrence, Yolisa Innocentia. « Poverty alleviation through empowerment and participation : the Seki Women's Foundation ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020020.
Texte intégralRésumé :
As poverty alleviation projects are being established in communities in order to reduce the impact of unemployment, crime, and inequality as well as other factors propagating poverty, numerous projects fail to democratically meet the needs of the poor majority. Development initiatives brought forth by government and non-governmental organisations, which adopt a top-down approach in order to accelerate development, do not always have a positive effect on the community, especially on the poor majority, which development is meant to empower and benefit. This results in the short life span of the project and leads the community into immense poverty. Thus, the focus of this research paper was to evaluate the extent to which poverty alleviation projects such as the Seki Women’s Foundation, contribute towards the alleviation of poverty in its community, located in New Brighton, Port Elizabeth. This evaluation study focused more on aspects of development concerning community participation, empowerment through skills training and project sustainability. The objectives of the study were to investigate the values, aims and objectives of the Seki Women’s Foundation; how these values, aims and objectives were fulfilled; the challenges faced by the project towards effective community development and the determinants of the long-term sustainability of the project. The research study adopted a qualitative approach, which allowed the researcher to collect meaningful knowledge from the volunteers and stakeholders by conducting semi-structured interviews and a focus group which were guided by open-ended questions. The data was thematically analysed where important concepts were coded in order to obtain accurate information so that valid results could be reached. The main findings of the research study suggested that the contribution made by the Seki Women’s Foundation towards poverty alleviation and community development is to empower the volunteers and community through skills training in baking, gardening and sewing. The volunteers share these skills amongst community members, enabling them to be self-sufficient and implement the skills in their own surroundings. The project builds strong partnerships with the stakeholders by being accountable and transparent about the utilisation of funds through report formulation. Although the project implements some principles of community development, the full participation of volunteers in the development process remains a concern, especially in decision making. The challenges faced by the project are concerned with burglary of clothing containers, stealing of vegetation and garden tools and the community not buying the products sold by the project. The research study recommends that the volunteers reason with the community and instil trust and honesty to avoid crime. The project should instil authentic participation in all development processes and form a partnership with local shops in convincing them to sell their produce as this will allow some income to generate within the project and community.
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Croxson, Bronwyn. « An economic analysis of a voluntary hospital : the foundation and institutional structure of the Middlesex Hospital, 1745-1900 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272547.
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Aydogan, Gökhan [Verfasser], et Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Kocher. « Trust and social risk : neuro-scientific foundations of economic decision-making under strategic uncertainty / Gökhan Aydogan ; Betreuer : Martin Kocher ». München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1120923638/34.
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