Bibliographies thématiques / FOSS Ecosystem

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « FOSS Ecosystem »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "FOSS Ecosystem"

Lane, David C., et Claire Goode. « Open For All : The OERu’s Next Generation Digital Learning Ecosystem ». International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 22, n^o 4 (10 août 2021) : 146–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v23i1.5763.

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This paper describes the functionality, scalability, and cost of implementing and maintaining a suite of open source technologies, which have supported hundreds of thousands of learners in the past year, on an information technology infrastructure budget of less than US$10,000 per year. In addition, it reviews pedagogical opportunities offered by a fully open digital learning ecosystem, as well as benefits for learners and educators alike. The Open Education Resource universitas (OERu) is an international consortium made up of 36 publicly funded institutions and the OER Foundation. The OERu currently offers first-year postsecondary courses through OER-based micro-courses with pathways to gain stackable micro-credentials, convertible to academic credit toward recognised university qualifications. The OERu, adhering to open principles (Wiley, 2014b), has created an open source Next Generation Digital Learning Ecosystem (NGDLE) to meet the needs of learners, consortium partners, and OERu collaborators. The NGDLE—a distributed, loosely coupled component model, consisting entirely of free and open source software (FOSS)—is a global computing infrastructure created to reach learners wherever they are. All OERu services are hosted on commodity FOSS infrastructure, conferring significant advantages and creating opportunities for institutions adopting any of these services to enhance education opportunities at minimal cost. The NGDLE can also increase technological autonomy and resilience while providing exceptional learning opportunities and agency for learners and educators alike.

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Gobbi, S., M. G. Cantiani, D. Rocchini, P. Zatelli, C. Tattoni, N. La Porta et M. Ciolli. « FINE SPATIAL SCALE MODELLING OF TRENTINO PAST FOREST LANDSCAPE (TRENTINOLAND) : A CASE STUDY OF FOSS APPLICATION ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W14 (23 août 2019) : 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w14-71-2019.

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Abstract. Trentino is an Italian alpine region (about 6200&thinsp;km2) with a forest coverage exceeding 60% of its whole surface. In the past, forest landscape has changed dramatically, especially in periods of forest over-exploitation.Previous studies in some Trentino sub-regions (Val di Fassa, Paneveggio) have identified these changes and the current trend of forest growth at the expenses of open areas, such as pastures and grasslands, due to the abandonment of rural areas. This phenomenon leads to the rapid Alpine landscape change and profoundly affects the ecological features of mountain ecosystems. To be able to monitor and to take future actions about this trend it is fundamental to know in detail the historical situation of the progressive changes on the land use that occurred over Trentino.The work aims to comprehensively reconstruct the forest cover of whole Trentino at high resolution (5&thinsp;m&thinsp;&times;&thinsp;5&thinsp;m pixels) using a series of maps spanning a long period, consisting in historical maps, aerial images, remote sensed information and historical archives. The datasets were archived, processed and analyzed using the Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) GIS GRASS and QGIS. Historical maps include Atlas Tyrolensis (dated 1770), Theresianischer Kataster (dated 1859) and Italian Kingdom Forest Map (IKFM) of 1936. The aerial imagery dataset includes aerial images taken in 1954, which have been orthorectified during this research, and orthophotos available for years 1973, 1994, 2000, 2006, 2010 and 2016. Remote sensed information includes Landsat and recent Lidar data, while historical archives consist mostly in Forest Management Plans available since around 1950.The versatility of the wide variety of modules supplied from the FOSS GRASS and QGIS enabled to perform a diverse set of analysis and pre-processing (e.g.:orthorectification) on a heterogeneous dataset of input images. We will focus on the different strategies and methodologies implemented in the FOSS GIS used to process the various types of geographic data, challenges for the future of the research and the fundamental role of the FOSS systems in this process.Quantifying forest change in the time-span of our dataset can be used to perform further analysis on ecosystem services, such as protection from soil erosion, and on modification of biome diversity and to create future change scenarios.

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Zatelli, P., S. Gobbi, C. Tattoni, N. La Porta et M. Ciolli. « OBJECT-BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR HISTORIC MAPS CLASSIFICATION ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W14 (23 août 2019) : 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w14-247-2019.

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Abstract. Heritage maps represent fundamental information for the study of the evolution of a region, especially in terms of landscape and ecologic features. Historical maps present two kinds of hurdle before they can be used in a modern GIS: they must be geometrically corrected to correspond to the datum in use and they must be classified to exploit the information they contain. This study deals the latter problem: the Historical Cadaster Map, created between 1851 and 1861, for the Trentino region in the North of Italy is available as a collection of maps in the ETRS89/UTM 32N datum. The map is a high resolution scan (230 DPI, 24 bit) of the original map and has been used in several ecological studies, since it provides detailed information not only about land property but also about land use. In the past the cadaster map has been manually digitized and for each area a set of attributes has been recorded. Since this approach is time consuming and prone to errors, automatic and semi-automatic procedures have been tested. Traditional image classification techniques, such as maximum likelihood classification, supervised or un-supervised, pixelwise and contextual, do not provide satisfactory results for many reasons: map colors are very variable within the same area, symbols and characters are used to identify cadaster parcels and locations, lines, drawn by hand on the original map, have variable thickness and colors. The availability of FOSS tools for the Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA) has made possible the application of this technique to the cadaster map. This paper describes the use of GRASS GIS and R for the implementation of the OBIA approach for the supervised classification of the historic cadaster map. It describes the determination of the optimal segments, the choice of their attributes and relevant statistics, and their classification. The result has been evaluated with respect to a manually digitized map using Cohens Kappa and the analysis of the confusion matrix. The result of the OBIA classification has also been compared to the classification of the same map using maximum likelihood classification, un-supervised and supervised, both pixelwise and contextual. The OBIA approach has provided very satisfactory results with the ability to automatically remove the background and symbols and characters, creating a ready to be used classified map. This study highlights the effectiveness of the OBIA processing chain available in the FOSS4G ecosystem, and in particular the added value of the interoperability between GRASS GIS and R.

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Dury, Pascaline. « Étude comparative et diachronique des concepts ecosystem et écosystème ». Meta 44, n^o 3 (2 octobre 2002) : 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002690ar.

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Résumé La terminologie diachronique reste encore un domaine relativement peu exploré par les ouvrages consacrés entièrement à la terminologie. Pourtant, l'angle de réflexion qu'elle procure est à la fois original et riche. Elle apporte en effet un point de vue différent sur les concepts, le point de vue historique, qui peut être très utile aux traducteurs. L'évolution diachronique des concepts ÉCOSYSTÈME et ECOSYSTEM, à la fois en français et en anglais, montre en effet que l'identité conceptuelle ne peut pas être décrétée à priori en terminologie. De la même façon, des concepts qui paraissent "anodins" ou simples d'accès à première vue (c'est le cas des concepts COMMUNITY et COMMUNAUTÉ) peuvent se révéler en fait relativement complexes. Cette rapide étude de la langue de l'écologie au moyen d'un concept clé, montre donc que la terminologie diachronique peut devenir l'outil de travail indispensable du traducteur car elle intervient à différents niveaux de réflexion.

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Hocking, Ailsa. « Fungal friends and foes ». Microbiology Australia 24, n^o 3 (2003) : 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma03303.

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The Australian Society for Microbiology does not have a strong representation of non-medical mycologists within its membership, although mycology has always been well represented in the clinical arena. Mycologists interested in plant pathology are more likely to be active in the Australasian Plant Pathology Society, those whose interests lie in natural ecosystems are members of the Australasian Mycological Society, and those interested in the compounds produced by fungi may belong to the Royal Australian Chemical Institute. There is, perhaps, scope for greater interaction between ASM and some of these other organisations.

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Homburger, Sheila A., Dina Drits-Esser, Molly Malone et Louisa A. Stark. « Microbes As Friends, Not Foes ». American Biology Teacher 77, n^o 9 (1 novembre 2015) : 659–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2015.77.9.3.

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Until about two decades ago, the standard method of studying a microbe was to isolate it, grow it in culture, stain it, and examine it under a microscope. Today, new genomic tools are helping expand our view of the microbial world. Instead of viewing them as “germs” to be eliminated, we are beginning to perceive our microbes as an extension of ourselves – an important organ with unique functions essential to our well-being. Scientists even came up with a new term, “microbiome,” to define our microbes’ genes as an important counterpart to our human genome. With new information about the human microbiome comes the challenge of shifting biology students’ focus from casting microbes as pathogens toward appreciating microbes as symbionts. “The Human Microbiome,” a curriculum supplement produced by the Genetic Science Learning Center, emphasizes that microbes living in and on our bodies perform neutral and beneficial functions, that human microbiota form thriving ecosystems, and that disruptions to our microbial ecosystems may have consequences. In this article, we describe the curriculum materials, provide strategies for incorporating this cutting-edge topic into biology classrooms, list connections to the Next Generation Science Standards, and report on recent research testing the curriculum supplement's effectiveness for student learning.

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Nanami, Atsushi. « Parrotfish grazing ability : interspecific differences in relation to jaw-lever mechanics and relative weight of adductor mandibulae on an Okinawan coral reef ». PeerJ 4 (1 septembre 2016) : e2425. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2425.

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Parrotfishes (family Labridae: Scarini) are regarded to have important roles for maintaining the ecosystem balance in coral reefs due to their removal of organic matter and calcic substrates by grazing. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the interspecific differences in grazing ability of five parrotfish species (Chlorurus sordidus,C. bowersi,Scarus rivulatus,S. nigerandS. forsteni) in relation to interspecific differences in jaw-lever mechanics and the relative weight of the adductor mandibulae (muscles operating jaw closing). The grazing ability was calculated by using stomach contents (CaCO3weight/organic matter weight) defined as the grazing ability index (GAI). There were significant interspecific differences in GAI (C. sordidus=C. bowersi>S. rivulatus>S. niger=S. forsteni). Teeth ofC. sordidusandC. bowersiwere protrusive-shape whereas teeth ofS. rivulatus,S. nigerandS. forsteniwere flat-shape.C. sordidusandC. bowersihave jaw-lever mechanics producing a greater biting force and have a larger weight of adductor mandibulae.S. rivulatushas jaw-lever mechanics producing a greater biting force but a smaller weight of adductor mandibulae that produce an intermediate biting force. In contrast,S. nigerandS. forstenihave jaw-lever mechanics producing a lesser biting force and have a smaller weight of adductor mandibulae. Feeding rates and foray size ofS. rivulatus,S. nigerandS. forsteniwere greater thanC. sordidusandC. bowersi. The degree in bioerosion (GAI × feeding rate) was the largest forS. rivulatusand the smallest forS. forsteni. The degree in bioerosion forC. sordiduswas larger thanS. nigerwhereas relatively equal betweenC. bowersiandS. niger. These results suggest that interspecific difference in GAI was explained by interspecific differences in teeth shape, jaw-lever mechanics and relative weight of adductor mandibulae. The interspecific difference in the degree of bioerosion suggests the importance of various size of parrotfishes with diverse feeding modes to maintain healthy coral reef ecosystems.

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Belnap, J. y. e., John A. Ludwig, Bradford P. Wilcox, Julio L. Betancourt, W. Richard J. Dean, Benjamin D. Hoffmann et Sue J. Milton. « Introduced and Invasive Species in Novel Rangeland Ecosystems : Friends or Foes ? » Rangeland Ecology & ; Management 65, n^o 6 (novembre 2012) : 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/rem-d-11-00157.1.

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Lawrence, Janice E. « Furtive foes : algal viruses as potential invaders ». ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, n^o 5 (11 mars 2008) : 716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn024.

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AbstractLawrence, J. E. 2008. Furtive foes: algal viruses as potential invaders. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 716–722. Viruses are abundant in the world's oceans, existing through parasitic relationships with their various hosts. Algal viruses infect representatives of all major algal taxa, influencing phytoplankton population dynamics, marine foodweb interactions, and global biogeochemical cycling. Although the transportation, spread, and persistence of specific viruses remain to be explored fully, the potential for algal virus introductions and invasions is clearly evident. An estimated 3 × 1022 viruses are transported globally in ballast water alone, destined for ports where few physiological or physical barriers inhibit their invasive success. This fact, coupled with recent findings that viruses are not homogeneously distributed throughout the world's oceans, suggests that virus invasions pose a potential threat to marine ecosystems.

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Bennett, Mary K., Nicolas Younes et Karen Joyce. « Automating Drone Image Processing to Map Coral Reef Substrates Using Google Earth Engine ». Drones 4, n^o 3 (28 août 2020) : 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones4030050.

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While coral reef ecosystems hold immense biological, ecological, and economic value, frequent anthropogenic and environmental disturbances have caused these ecosystems to decline globally. Current coral reef monitoring methods include in situ surveys and analyzing remotely sensed data from satellites. However, in situ methods are often expensive and inconsistent in terms of time and space. High-resolution satellite imagery can also be expensive to acquire and subject to environmental conditions that conceal target features. High-resolution imagery gathered from remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS or drones) is an inexpensive alternative; however, processing drone imagery for analysis is time-consuming and complex. This study presents the first semi-automatic workflow for drone image processing with Google Earth Engine (GEE) and free and open source software (FOSS). With this workflow, we processed 230 drone images of Heron Reef, Australia and classified coral, sand, and rock/dead coral substrates with the Random Forest classifier. Our classification achieved an overall accuracy of 86% and mapped live coral cover with 92% accuracy. The presented methods enable efficient processing of drone imagery of any environment and can be useful when processing drone imagery for calibrating and validating satellite imagery.

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Livres sur le sujet "FOSS Ecosystem"

Populations and Ecosystems Lab Notebook (FOSS Full Option Science System). Delta Education, 2003.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "FOSS Ecosystem"

Kim, Suhyun, Jaehyun Yoo et Myunghwa Lee. « Step-by-Step Strategies and Case Studies for Embedded Software Companies to Adapt to the FOSS Ecosystem ». Dans IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 48–60. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33442-9_4.

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Masip-Bruin, Xavi, Eva Marín-Tordera, Ana Juan Ferrer, Antonio Salis, John Kennedy, Jens Jensen, Admela Jukan et al. « mF2C : The Evolution of Cloud Computing Towards an Open and Coordinated Ecosystem of Fogs and Clouds ». Dans Euro-Par 2019 : Parallel Processing Workshops, 136–47. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48340-1_11.

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Chestek, Pamela. « Trademarks ». Dans Open Source Law, Policy and Practice, 183—C9.P149. 2^e éd. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862345.003.0009.

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Abstract This chapter deals with trademarks. Trademarks play a significant role in the FOSS ecosystem — while copyrights and patents are freely shared in FOSS licensing, trademarks are not. Free and open source software projects can, and therefore generally do, exercise their exclusive rights under trademark law. To that end, this chapter covers the basics of trademark law. Next, it provides background on the types of goods and services one typically finds associated with FOSS projects, and discusses an aspect of trademark law that is fairly unique to FOSS, the role of community engagement. Theories for the lawful use of another’s trademark are next examined. Finally, the chapter closes with a discussion of various ways a trademark owner might try to undo the FOSS license using trademark law as the vehicle since copyright is largely unavailable.

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Tambo, Torben, et Christian Koch. « Free and Open Source ERP ». Dans Enterprise Resource Planning, 1468–84. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4153-2.ch078.

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With the proliferation of commercial Packaged ERP (P-ERP) systems in today’s enterprises, many reasons exist to look for alternatives in the quest for innovation, business development, cost, agility and dependency. P-ERP provides a solid and proven business support, an ecosystem of consultancies and integrators, senior management having gained confidence over the last 20 years, and commercially based support and development. This leaves companies with still more expensive P-ERP costs, still less flexibility, a still harder push to lose possibilities for differentiation, still more homogenised business processes, and absence of flexibility to change suppliers and systems. FOS-ERP offers an answer to most of these questions, but is facing issues in market penetration. In this chapter, barriers of FOS-ERP are reviewed; proposals are made on how to manage barriers. An approach managing co-existence of P-ERP and FOS-ERP is suggested. Concluding, FOS-ERP is seen as a strong option for enterprises in the future, but a clear understanding and distinction must be the offset, barriers needs to be managed, and optimal co-existence will in most cases be the realistic scenario.

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Young, Kenneth R. « Ecology and Human Habitation of Andean Forests ». Dans The Archaeology of the Upper Amazon, 23–37. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066905.003.0002.

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People have altered the naturally forested areas of the tropical Andes for natural resources and as places for settlements. The forests collectively represent a global biodiversity hotspot, with many unique species. Environmental gradients are abrupt, with dramatic changes in temperature regimes with altitude, but also with switches in humidity from dry to pluvial. Along the >3000 m altitudinal gradient, there are zones where cooling air can form persistent fogs, leading to cloud forests that have moisture-dependent species and low stature trees, which nevertheless provide important ecosystem services. The relatively cool temperatures and steep slopes at higher elevations often discourage human colonization today, but some sites include archaeological sites, suggesting that current land use may not be prescriptive of the past. Nonexclusive factors may include past climate change, enclaves with drier microenvironments, transhumance, and use of multiple ecological zones. Given a long history of Andean landscapes with people, it is important to put conservation and sustainability goals into a larger context, including data on the timing and locations of settlements, and conceptual models of human influences on Andean forests.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "FOSS Ecosystem"

Aubin, Rachael G., Emma C. Troisi, Adam Alghalith, MacLean Nasrallah, Mariarita Santi et Pablo G. Camara. « Abstract PO-016 : Revealing the cellular ecosystem and signaling pathways of posterior fossa childhood ependymoma with single-cell transcriptomic profiling ». Dans Abstracts : AACR Virtual Special Conference on Tumor Heterogeneity : From Single Cells to Clinical Impact ; September 17-18, 2020. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.tumhet2020-po-016.

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