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ALAVI, SEEMA. « ‘Fugitive Mullahs and Outlawed Fanatics’ : Indian Muslims in nineteenth century trans-Asiatic Imperial Rivalries ». Modern Asian Studies 45, no 6 (12 mai 2011) : 1337–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000266.
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AbstractThis paper follows the careers of ‘outlawed’ Indian Muslim subjects who moved outside the geographical and political space of British India and located themselves at the intersection of nineteenth century trans-Asiatic politics: Hijaz, Istanbul and the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire, and Burma and Acheh in the East. These areas were sites where ‘modern’ Empires (British, Dutch, Ottoman and Russian) coalesced to lay out a trans-Asiatic imperial assemblage. The paper shows how Muslim ‘outlaws’ made careers and carved out their transnational networks by moving across the imperial assemblages of the nineteenth century. British colonial rule, being an important spoke in the imperial wheel, enabled much of this transnationalism to weld together. Webs of connections derived from older forms of Islamic connectivity as well: diplomacy, kinship ties, the writing of commentaries on Islam and its sacred texts in unique ways, oral traditions, madrasa and student contacts. These networks were inclusive and impacted by the tanzimat-inspired scriptural reformist thought in the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire. They were not narrowly anti-colonial in tone as they derived from a complex inter-play of imperial rivalries in the region. Rather, they were geared towards the triumph of reformist Islam that would unite the umma (community) and engage with the European world order. The paper shows how this imperially-embedded and individual-driven Muslim transnational network linked with Muslim politics rooted within India.
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Boda, Mihály. « Imperial Historicism : An Example of Scientific Justification of Foreign Policy and Warfare in the 19–20th Centuries in Hungary ». Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public 20, no 3 (26 mai 2022) : 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2021.3.6.
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The 19th century saw the modern development of nation states and the early development of human sciences. These progresses linked up with the ideologies of nation-building. Some European states having long history and imperial traditions applied the study of their own history to support their national political purposes. The new political ideology was historicism used for imperial purposes, imperial historicism. With the help of imperial historicism, 19th century thinkers and statesmen identifying themselves and their community with the historical forms of their community attempted to build or uphold their empire. Hungary, or at least some Hungarian thinkers and statesmen, was one of those states which used imperial historicism to define their foreign policy and internal political purposes. Examining political thinking of the 19th-century Hungary one can find several forms of imperial historicism and historical self-identification. This paper presents imperial historicism and its Hungarian forms.
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GILMARTIN, DAVID. « 4. IMPERIAL SOVEREIGNTY IN MUGHAL AND BRITISH FORMS ». History and Theory 56, no 1 (mars 2017) : 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hith.12005.
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McDonald, Kate. « Imperial Mobility ». Transfers 4, no 3 (1 décembre 2014) : 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2014.040306.
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Histories of modern mobility often assume that modern forms of movement arrived in East Asia as part of a universal process of historical development. This article shows that the valorization of modern mobility in East Asia emerged out of the specific context of Euro-American imperial encroachment and Japanese imperial expansion. Through an examination of the tropes of opening and connecting, the article argues that the mobility of the modern can be understood as an “imperial” mobility in two senses: one, as a key component in European, American, and Japanese arguments for the legitimacy of empire; and two, as a global theory of history that constituted circulation as a measure of historical difference.
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Kendrick, Christopher. « The Imperial Laboratory : Discovering Forms in The New Atlantis ». ELH 70, no 4 (2003) : 1021–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/elh.2004.0007.
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Kumar, M. Mahavir. « Plaided or Dusky Forms : Highland Landscape in Scotland and Kenya ». Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry 7, no 2 (avril 2020) : 176–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pli.2020.4.
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Accounts of empire in postcolonial critique largely remain silent on colonial relations internal to the United Kingdom, tending to elide the work of Scots, Irish, and Welsh within a solely English imperial enterprise. This article draws on recent reevaluations of the Scottish role in empire to outline the ambivalent place of Britain’s “Celtic Fringe” in its global hegemony. Focusing on eighteenth-century cartography and Scottish accounts of African exploration, it argues that the aesthetic practice of colonial control developed in Scotland established a pattern imperial agents could repeat in overseas territories. The colonization of the “White Highlands” in Kenya, it suggests, relied on aesthetic forms that originated in the landscape of the Scottish Highlands. By focusing on landscape's influence in a constellation of fields—in aesthetics, cartography, and natural history—this article also moves toward an understanding of landscape as a form of aisthesis, a “regime of sense perception.”
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Collier, Patrick. « Imperial/Modernist Forms in the Illustrated London News ». Modernism/modernity 19, no 3 (2012) : 487–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mod.2012.0059.
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FLORENTINO, MANOLO. « DE ESCRAVOS, FORROS E FUJÕES NO RIO DE JANEIRO IMPERIAL ». Revista USP, no 58 (30 août 2003) : 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9036.v0i58p104-115.
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Roy, Parama. « The Strange Ecologies of Empire ». Victorian Literature and Culture 49, no 1 (2021) : 73–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150319000640.
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This essay reads nineteenth-century imperial India as the mise en scène for certain critical concatenations of human sovereignty, divinity, and animality. It does so by focusing on the imperial state's war upon human and extrahuman forms of predation, showcasing in the process a cluster of texts on collective criminal activity, hunting, and popular religion and folklore that share certain grids of intelligibility and vocabularies of rule. Collocating these texts on human and nonhuman predation brings into visibility the degree to which imperial sovereignty in the Victorian period entails traffic across human and extrahuman domains. Thus, thinking about the sanctioned killing of fearsome animal predators comes to be twinned with thinking about wars of pacification against dangerous humans and noxious deities. To think imperial sovereignty consequently involves thinking with humans and animals but also thinking with mutually antagonistic theological forces, Hindu and Christian—and in thinking these together. An attentiveness to these heterogeneous ecologies of empire might serve to illuminate the degree to which the imperial project depends on a complex mesh of transversal and co-constitutive life-forms and forces.
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Geraci, Robert. « On “Colonial” Forms and Functions ». Slavic Review 69, no 1 (2010) : 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0037677900016740.
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In the many works published on the imperial dimension of Russian history during the past decade, it is often the mechanical or “nuts and bolts” aspects of the empire's administration that are least discussed. So it is impressive to see two articles with a common focus on a practical institution—the Resettlement Administration—both of which argue for a strong connection between technical expertise and a colonial style of rule in the eastern Eurasian steppe and borderlands. But in spite of this common denominator, Willard Sunderland's and Peter Holquist's pieces could not be more different, in part because they approach the matter from opposite directions: Sunderland from a broad discussion of colonialism, Holquist from an analysis of a specific field of expertise.
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Samuel, Petal. « Mine the Ruins ». Small Axe : A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 23, no 3 (1 novembre 2019) : 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-7912478.
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This review essay explores the extent to which the phenomenon of imperial “neglect” proposed in Christopher Taylor’s Empire of Neglect: The West Indies in the Wake of British Liberalism (2018) maintains saliency in the wake of national independence throughout the British Caribbean. Through a reading of Jamaica Kincaid’s A Small Place, the essay highlights how the market logics of mid-nineteenth-century imperial liberalization continued to animate new forms of West Indian erasure well into the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. While Kincaid deploys arguments of imperial neglect, she refuses the aspirations for repair that neglect implies. By stressing the impossibility of repairing the violence of British colonial rule, her work instead asks, What new forms of thought become possible beyond argumentative frames of repair?
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Dam, Caspar ten. « Brutalities in Anti‑Imperial Revolts ». Politeja 12, no 8 (31/2) (31 décembre 2015) : 199–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.12.2015.31_2.13.
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In order to understand and resolve internal armed conflicts one must comprehend why and how people revolt, and under what conditions they brutalise i.e. increasingly resort to terrorism, banditry, brigandry, “gangsterism” and other forms of violence that violate contemporary local and/or present‑day international norms that I believe are, in the final analysis, all based on the principles of conscience, empathy and honour. Contemporary “global” or regional norms distinct from those of the rebelling community, and the norms of the regime community and/or colonial power, are also considered. My pessimistically formulated and thereby quite testable brutalisation theory combines theorising elements of disciplines ranging from cultural anthropology to military psychology, so as to better explain rebellions or any armed conflicts and their morally corrosive effects. The theory’s main variables are: violence‑values (my composite term) on proper and improper violence; conflict‑inducing motivations, in particular grievances, avarices, interests and ideologies, that bring about i.e. cause or trigger the conflict; combat‑stresses like fear, fatigue and rage resulting from or leading to traumas (and hypothetically to brutalities as well); and conflict‑induced motivations, in particular grievances, avarices, interest and ideologies, that happen by, through and during the conflict. The present paper is an exploratory introduction to an ambitious research project, succinctly titled “Brutalisation in Anti‑Imperial Revolts”, with advice and support from Professor Tomasz Polanski. The paper addresses the project’s relevance and its epistemological and methodological challenges. The project seeks to explain rebellion, banditry and other forms of violence that may or may not be inherently brutal. It seeks to ascertain the causes and degrees of any brutalisations i.e. increasing violations of norms during rebellions by peripheral, marginalised ethnic (indigenous) communities against their overlords in classical, medieval and “modern” (industrial) times. It introduces seven selected cases of “peripheral‑ethnic revolts” by indigenous communities – as (semi‑) state actors, non‑state actors or both (yet possessing at least residual ruling capabilities) – against Imperial powers across the ages, with a special focus on banditry, “brigandry” (brigandage), guerrilla and other forms of irregular warfare. The first stage of the research will analyse and compare the causes i.e. motivations and involved norms, sorts of violence and degrees of brutalisation in these seven cases.
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Syemshchikov, Evgeniy A. « IMPERIAL STATE POLICY IN ASIAN RUSSIA : TRANSFORMATION OF FORMS IN MANAGEMENT ». Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no 412 (1 novembre 2016) : 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/412/20.
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Solodova, Galina. « Forms of State Structure : Terminological Aspect of the Concept of Empire ». Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series : Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2019, no 4 (30 décembre 2019) : 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2019-4-4-361-366.
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The growth of territorial mobility and ethnocultural diversity determines the search for new models of domestic and foreign policy. As a result, the almost forgotten word "empire" returns to scientific and journalistic discourses. This applies to both domestic and foreign practice. Objective. Terminological certainty and conceptual consistency is the key to scientific effectiveness. The present research featured various interpretations of the concept of empire. The author intended neither to oppose nor to promote the imperial form of government. The research objective was to contribute to a more complete and impartial understanding of the term by removing its negative connotation. Research methodology. The article represents the results of theoretical and comparative analyses of the concept of empire as a form of government. Results. Based on domestic and foreign studies, the author reviewed various interpretations of the concept of empire. The article focuses on its multidimensionality, debatability, and modern interpretations. Implementation. The heterogeneity of territories, periods, and management mechanisms of various empires can serve as a kind of prism for assessing modern realities and social strategies. Conclusions. Due to their historical diversity, various types of imperial government fail to fit into the same scheme. If the empire is a "transnational polity", then this form of state and political organization is neither archaic nor obsolete.
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Scott, Paul F. « The Privy Council and the constitutional legacies of empire ». Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 71, no 2 (14 août 2020) : 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v71i2.315.
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The British Empire is treated as a historical phenomenon, but it enjoys a residual existence in the form of the various Overseas Territories of the UK. This paper considers the constitutional position of those territories. It shows that they are mostly excluded from what is called here the ‘domestic’ constitution, having no representation in its institutions and, when acknowledged, if at all, conceived of as foreign entities. Instead, the Overseas Territories are governed mostly via a distinct (post-)imperial constitution, primarily via the mechanism of the Privy Council. That institution, which does little work within the domestic constitution, creates a formal divide between the domestic and the imperial. This formal divide both masks the substantive continuities between the domestic and the imperial constitutions and facilitates, as regards the Overseas Territories, forms of governance which would not be tolerated in the imperial centre.
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Imre, Anikó. « The Imperial Legacies of Television within Europe ». Television & ; New Media 18, no 1 (1 août 2016) : 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476416648779.
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The article argues for creating a mutually beneficial connection between postcolonial and television studies in order to understand how imperial legacies have shaped contemporary television regions. What it contributes to this work, more specifically, is the beginnings of a postcolonial account of intra-European broadcast regions. As both the original center of colonialism and the site of recent global economic, social and cultural crises, Europe is a major reference point in such attempts to re-historicize “empire” in order to understand industrial and ideological configurations within present-day media regions. I zoom in on three examples to highlight the imperial layers that have informed television in Europe: industrial collaborations between East and West, the imperial vestiges of 1960s to 1970s historical adventure series, and the imperial connections that tie together forms of TV comedy across Europe. The three examples demonstrate an opportunity to bypass the obligatory nation-state framework and begin to write the region’s history of television in a postcolonial, regional, and European perspective, outlining the imperial legacies of aesthetic, infrastructural and economic factors that underscore all cultural industries in the region.
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RAY, REEJU. « Interrupted Sovereignties in the North-East Frontier of British India, 1787–1870 ». Modern Asian Studies 53, no 2 (31 janvier 2019) : 606–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x17000257.
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AbstractThe Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo Hills in the North East Frontier of British India were subject to shifting and differentiated forms of colonial governance. Defying notions of coexistence with or autonomy from colonial rule, the colonial history of this region was bound up with specific spatio-temporal constructions. By examining the nature of jurisdictional and political encounters in the Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo Hills, this article addresses the interruptions to imperial sovereignty in the Frontier. Imperial sovereignty moved in juridical forms, affecting and being affected by classificatory challenges such as hills and plains, hill tribal, and settler. The relationship between jurisdictional boundaries, plural authority, and imperial sovereignty appears in judicial and revenue files of different levels of the English East India Company government and the British government. Recurrent boundary disputes between the spatio-temporal units of hills and plains during the late eighteenth and late nineteenth centuries point towards contingent strategies of governance. The unfolding of these disputes over the course of the nineteenth century also show that law and jurisdiction as carriers of imperial sovereignty were spatially and temporally uneven. The historical processes highlighted in this article concern the sub-region of Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo Hills and parts of the Sylhet district of British Bengal, which, at present, constitute the Indian state of Meghalaya and parts of northern Bangladesh, respectively.
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Wauters, Valentine. « Imperial Needs, Imperial Methods : Chimú Ceramic Manufacturing Process Through CT Scan Analysis of Stirrup-Spout Bottles ». Latin American Antiquity 27, no 2 (juin 2016) : 238–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.27.2.238.
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The stirrup-spout bottle is one of the most representative forms in the Chimú (A.D. 900-1470) ceramic repertoire. I discuss the ceramic assemblage of this coastal culture and describes more precisely the various manufacturing processes of the stirrup-spout bottle. Although molds used to produce these complex vessels are known today, only little information has been published on the various stages involved in their manufacture. My purpose is to contribute to this research using medical imaging computed tomography (CT) scans of intact stirrup-spout vessels. Based on my findings, I propose that changes in the construction of these vessels correlated with a transition in ceramic production to a semi-industrial level during the time of the Chimú Empire.
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Arshintceva, O. A., et S. N. Isakova. « Historical Aspects of the Imperial Identity : Perspectives of Interdisciplinary Research ». Izvestiya of Altai State University, no 5(121) (19 novembre 2021) : 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2021)5-07.
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The article attempts to identify new opportunities for studying the role of the imperial factor in British foreign policy, which are opened up by using the category of imperial identity, which the authors present as a variant of a more universal category of regional identity. In order to find out the complex nature of regional identity, the authors make a comparative analysis of the existing ones in modern regionalism. (A. Paasi) and “humanitarian geography” (D.N. Zamyatin) definitions of the region as a way of political, historical and cultural organization of space. The methodological postulates of these concepts create the basis for an interdisciplinary approach in the framework of the “new imperial history” and allow us to consider the British Empire at the height of its power in the 19th — first half of the 20th centuries as the most significant region in world politics. Awareness of its special role in the prevailing international system was at the heart of the imperial identity and foreign policy ideas of the British political elite, which, in turn, makes it possible to draw a clearer line between identity and imperial ideology. The authors come to the conclusion that such a formulation of the problem forms a new discussion agenda both on imperial issues and on issues of identity.
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Balatti, Silvia. « Yau̯nā and Sakā : Identity Constructions at the Margins of the Achaemenid Empire ». Studia Orientalia Electronica 9, no 2 (30 décembre 2021) : 140–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23993/store.89975.
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The Achaemenid Empire can be reasonably considered an “empire of peoples” from both an ideological and structural perspective. It included all the lands of the peoples of the world and all people helped to maintain imperial order and prosperity. In reality, the empire had boundaries and there were peoples who lived near and beyond them. Under King Darius I, groups of people were annexed at the northeastern and northwestern margins of the imperial territory, thus entering the imperial space and consequently also the Achaemenid documents. The border peoples of the Yau̯nā and Sakā were the only peoples of the empire to be differentiated through epithets, which were added to their collective names in the texts. This shows a unique process of group identity constructions by the authorities on the edges of the imperial space. The analysis of the system of epithets used to indicate the Yau̯nā and Sakā conducted in this paper allows us to draw some conclusions on the mechanisms and reasons behind these specific forms of identity constructions at the margins. Moreover, it shows how this process reflected the main directions of imperial expansion under the first Achaemenids.
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Kennedy, Rebecca Futo. « Justice, Geography and Empire in Aeschylus' Eumenides ». Classical Antiquity 25, no 1 (1 avril 2006) : 35–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2006.25.1.35.
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Abstract This paper argues that Aeschylus' Eumenides presents a coherent geography that, when associated with the play's judicial proceedings, forms the basis of an imperial ideology. The geography of Eumenides constitutes a form of mapping, and mapping is associated with imperial power. The significance of this mapping becomes clear when linked to fifth-century Athens' growing judicial imperialism. The creation of the court inEumenides, in the view of most scholars, refers only to Ephialtes' reforms of 462 BC. But in the larger context, Athenian courts in the mid-fifth century are a form of imperial control. When geographically specific jurisdiction combines with new courts, it supports and even creates a developing imperial ideology. Moreover, the figure of Athena and the role she gives the Athenian jury emphasizes a passionate pro-Athenian nationalism, a nationalism that the text connects to Athens' geographic and judicial superiority. This imperial ideology did not spring from Aeschylus' imagination fully formed; it reflects a trend in Athens of promoting her own cultural superiority. This sense of cultural superiority in fact disguises the realities of Athens' developing power and increasingly harsh subjection of her former allies.
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Go, Julian. « Global Fields and Imperial Forms : Field Theory and the British and American Empires ». Sociological Theory 26, no 3 (septembre 2008) : 201–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2008.00326.x.
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Yakushenkov, Serguey N., et Alexander Yu Meshcheryakov. « Gardens of Empire : Imperial Practices and the Construction of a New Imperial Space ». Journal of Frontier Studies 7, no 1 (3 mars 2022) : 131–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v7i1.373.
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The Empire, as one of the political forms of state systems, existed at all times and on all continents. Its main feature has been the unification of numerous ethnic groups with different cultural, political and economic characteristics under a Center. Usually this unification led to the establishment of domination over the subjugated peoples with the help of imperial practices. One of these is the botanical garden.
The imperial garden idea expressed many concepts of Empire: ideological, political, cultural, educational, etc. This institution was primarily intended to underline the Empire greatness through metaphors of center, paradise, prosperity, unity of different parties, etc. This was evident in the Modern history Empires, which arose because of the West's special interest in plant resources or their accompanying commodities: spices, sugar, silk, cotton, and others. The imperial garden in this time was designed to serve the Metropolis interests and at the same time for the colony development, which was carried out in accordance with the Center interests.
The formation of this institution in Russia took place simultaneously in the Center and on the Frontier. The Astrakhan case shows well how this institution was formed in the region in the 18th century according to national trends. While some regions made progress during this period, the Center exhibited the opposite trend. After the breakthrough in the Petrine era, the development of this institution was not in line with the Empire objectives. In the 19th century, a tendency to realize the importance of this institution appeared again.
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Balbuza, Katarzyna. « Aeternus Augustus in der Titulatur der römischen Kaiser im Späten 3. Und im 4. jh. » Studia Europaea Gnesnensia, no 16 (15 décembre 2017) : 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/seg.2017.16.7.
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The article is concerned with the title aeternus Augustus and its position in Roman imperial titulature at the end of the third and during the fourth century A.D. Modern authors tend to rate this title among the so-called unofficial imperial titulature, mainly due to the fact that it served to admire the emperor. The paper discusses forms and methods of addressing the emperor who was determined by the appellation aeternus Augustus. The analysis of these enables to appoint, out of the emperors of the discussed period, those few who were officially specified as aeterni.
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ANSORGE, JOSEF TEBOHO, et TARAK BARKAWI. « Utile forms : power and knowledge in small war ». Review of International Studies 40, no 1 (14 mai 2013) : 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210513000016.
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AbstractThis article introduces the concept of ‘utile forms’ and analyses the effects of these forms in imperial rule and contemporary counterinsurgency. Utile forms are media that enable bureaucracies to disseminate specialised knowledges to officials operating in the field. Examples include smart cards, field manuals, and handheld biometric devices. We argue that utile forms have significant social and political effects irrespective of the ‘truth value’ of the knowledge they contain. We analyse these effects in terms of world-ordering and world-making properties: utile forms both embody a particular worldview or ideology (world-ordering) and they facilitate official attempts to remake the world in accordance with this vision (world-making). We draw on examples of utile forms from British India and more recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. The article concludes by reflecting on the relations between truth, knowledge, and power in times of war and imperialism.
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Partsvaniya, Vakhtang. « Evolution of the imperial essence of Russia : on the concept of “empireness,” of V. Inozemtsev and A. Abalov ». Социодинамика, no 10 (octobre 2021) : 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2021.10.36481.
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This article is a review to the new book by V. Inozemtsev and A. Abalov “The Everlasting Empire: Russia in Pursuit of Itself". The author reflects on the imperial nature of Russian statehood through the prism of the concept of “empireness” described in the book. Lining up with the thesis on the everlasting existence of Russia as an empire, the author focuses on the factors that predetermined the imperial nature of the Russian State and the historically established trajectories of its development: first and foremost in pertains to Byzantine, Mongolian and Western European receptions that infiltrated the Russian mentality and continue to reproduce the imperial attributes of world perception therein. The thesis is advanced that these factors alongside the revealed in the book fuzziness of boundaries between the colonial power and colonial territories on the example of Russia, absolutize the imperial principle in the Russian politics and substantiate the formation of various ideological movements of the XIX – XX centuries. The authors of this article also polemicize with the authors of the book on the issues affecting the stability of imperial structures in Russian statehood. Criticism is levelled at certain statements on the possibility of development of adequate forms of post-imperial political existence of Russia. The book is remarkable for the profound analysis, original universalistic view of the authors on the problem, and can be highly recommended to vast audience.
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Balbuza, Katarzyna. « The Role of Imperial Women in the Monetary Distributions (Liberalitas) in Rome in the Light of Numismatic Sources ». Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 37, no 1 (1 décembre 2019) : 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sho-2019-0002.
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Abstract Liberalitas was one of the most important forms of social activities of the Roman emperors. In quantitative terms, it is also one of the five most important imperial virtues. It appeared on coins as Liberalitas Augusti, which gave this virtue an additional, divine dimension. The first Empress to depict the idea of imperial generosity on the coins issued on her behalf was Julia Domna. In this respect, her liberalitas coins mark a breakthrough in the exposition of this imperial virtue. The well-known female liberalitas coin issues, or imperial issues with empresses’ portraits, date back to the third century and clearly articulate the liberalitas, both iconographically and literally, through the legend on the reverse of the coin. Other coins, issued on behalf of the emperors (mainly medallions), accentuate in some cases (Julia Mamaea, Salonina) the personal and active participation of women from the imperial house in congiarium-type activities. The issues discussed and analysed, which appeared on behalf of the emperors or the imperial women – with a clear emphasis on the role of women – undoubtedly demonstrate the feminine support for the emperor’s social policy towards the people of Rome, including the various social undertakings of incumbent emperors, to whom they were related. They prove their active involvement and support for the image of the princeps created by the emperors through the propaganda of virtues (such as liberalitas). The dynastic policy of the emperors, in which the empresses played a key role, was also of considerable importance.
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Flanagan, Christopher. « A Revolution for Empire : Ideas of Empire and the Making of the Constitution, 1787–8 ». Journal of Early American History 8, no 2 (23 octobre 2018) : 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18770703-00802003.
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This article argues that early American political elites had no viable competing model for a successful polity other than an empire. It emphasises that this group’s recognition of the need for power in a competitive Atlantic world, expressed through the institutions of an empire, forced them to reconsider their ideas of what forms a republic could take. The article focuses on the ratification of the Constitution as a key moment when elites from across the United States laid out their competing visions of the polity. It argues that despite differences in preferred forms of government institutions, the overwhelming majority of elites shared a common goal of expressing power across the North American continent, and even beyond. It suggests that the Constitution should be seen as an inherently imperial document, reconciling the ambiguous ideal of a free republic with the inescapable need to utilise power in imperial ways
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Osterkamp, Jana. « Gefühlshaushalt in Mähren : Leistungsverwaltung, Landesschulden und Loyalitäten nach 1905 ». Administory 3, no 1 (31 décembre 2018) : 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/adhi-2018-0043.
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Abstract In 1910 the Crownland Moravia was confidentially granted a 5 million loan by the Viennese government. Moravia was heavily indebted and spent extensive expenditures for schooling, infrastructure and social welfare. The secret loan to Moravia was just one part of the multi-tiered system of fiscal flows in late Imperial Austria that was subject to emotionally heated debates. Since the budgetary power in the regional, transnational and imperial arenas came with determining the political priorities there, negotiations of the budget mirrored conflicting political camps often divided along national lines. On the imperial level, however, the same politicians forged transnational cooperation and new forms of transnational revenue sharing. Utterances of emotions were made more objective the higher the political level the crownland’s leading officials dealt with. The emotional side of fiscal politics, however, can be seen as a driving force in prioritising certain policy fields.
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Halperin, Sandra. « The imperial city-state and the national state form ». Thesis Eleven 139, no 1 (avril 2017) : 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513617700455.
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This contribution argues, first, that pre-national forms of state were not displaced or supplanted by a new, national form. What we call the nation-state was not the successor to imperial or city-states but was itself a form of the European imperial city-states that had driven the expansion of capitalism in previous centuries. It argues, second, that national states emerged only after 1945 and only in a handful of states where, through welfare reforms and market and industry regulation, investment and production were made to serve the expansion and integration of national markets. Third, with the dismantling of Keynesian policies in these states, pre-national (pre-Keynesian) structures are resurfacing. What scholars describe as the emergence of ‘post-national spatialities’ and of ‘global cities’ and city regions represents the resurgence of a durable and historically dominant form of state: the imperial city-state form. The ‘re-scaling’ of nation-states and growing prominence of ‘global cities’ and ‘city regions’ are heralding the end of the brief history of actually existing nation-states and the re-deployment of the imperial city-state model.
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Yan, Libo. « Origins of nature tourism in imperial China ». Journal of Tourism Futures 4, no 3 (7 septembre 2018) : 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-04-2018-0016.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply what can be learned from the emergence of nature tourism to understand some current and future trends of tourism. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted the evolutionary paradigm for investigation. Findings The emergence of nature tourism in early medieval China can be attributed to four major factors, including transformation of value orientations, seeking longevity, interest in suburbs and population migration. Research limitations/implications Historical studies help understand the current and future trends. When the contributing factors for nature tourism are linked to the contemporary world, it can be found that these factors are still playing a part in shaping tourism trends or patterns in their original or alternative forms. These trends or patterns are worthy of scholarly investigations. Originality/value This paper offers a comprehensive understanding of the origins of nature tourism.
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Earle, Jonathon L. « Political Activism and Other Life Forms in Colonial Buganda ». History in Africa 45 (juin 2018) : 373–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hia.2018.19.
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Abstract:This article uses recently unearthed private papers and ethnographic fieldwork to explore the intersection of political practice and environmental ideation in colonial Buganda. In the early to mid-1900s, colonial administrators sought to draw Ganda interlocutors into abstract conversations about a natural world that was devoid of political power. Through Witchcraft Ordinances, imperial administrators sought to distance spirits, rocks, trees, snakes, and other life forms from the concrete world of social movement and dissent. But in late colonial Uganda, the trade unionist Erieza Bwete and the influential spirit prophet Kibuuka Kigaanira navigated environmental spaces that were imbued with political significance. Uganda’s economic and national histories, informed by methodologies that privileged philosophical materialism, overlooked how interactions with multispecies animated anticolonial politics and larger debates about authority. To challenge these earlier assumptions, this article shows how colonial literati and a late colonial prophet interacted with a natural world that was deeply political to conceptualize independence and challenge colonial power.
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Schottenhammer, Angela. « Slaves and Forms of Slavery in Late Imperial China (Seventeenth to Early Twentieth Centuries) ». Slavery & ; Abolition 24, no 2 (août 2003) : 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440390308559161.
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Gromova, Anna. « Participation of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna in the Charitable Institutions under the Auspices of the Imperial House of Romanovs : Traditions and Novations ». ISTORIYA 13, no 1 (111) (2022) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840019005-4.
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The article examines the contribution of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna (1864—1918) to the activities of charitable institutions under the patronage of the Imperial House of Romanoff. The article reflects the activities of Elizabeth Feodorovna in the Russian Red Cross Society, the Institution of Empress Maria, the Imperial Philanthropic Society, wartime committees for assistance to soldiers and their families. The author has attempted to show the Grand Duchess's adherence to the traditional ways of charity adopted in the institutions under the care of the House of Romanoff, and her introduction of new ways and forms of social assistance to all those in need in peacetime and during wars.
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Clark, Martin. « ‘Something like the principles of British liberalism’ : Ivor Jennings and the international and domestic, 1920–1960 ». Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 71, no 2 (14 août 2020) : 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v71i2.313.
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While the relationship between domestic and international law provoked constant debate among European jurists in the interwar years, British thinking is remembered as orthodoxly dualist and practice-focused. Complicating this narrative, this article revisits W Ivor Jennings’ work, arguing that the domestic and international were central to his understandings of interwar legal change in the imperial and international communities. Part 1 examines Jennings’ seemingly forgotten 1920s works, which analysed constitutional and international interactions within the rapidly changing imperial system. Part 2 explores Jennings’ turn to international and domestic forms of the rule of law in the lead-up to war, emphasising their British liberal heritage. Part 3 shows how these conceptions, and their imperial connections, echoed in Jennings’ post-war projects: a European federation modelled on the empire; and lectures to decolonising states. This reveals both new angles to Jennings’ work and the importance of the domestic and international for constitutional legacies of empire.
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Breuilly, John. « Modern empires and nation-states ». Thesis Eleven 139, no 1 (avril 2017) : 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513617700036.
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Empires and nation-states are not opposed or distinct forms of polity but closely linked forms. Pre-modern empire existed without any contrasting form of polity we might call a nation-state. Rather, they contrasted with non-national state forms such as city-states, small kingdoms and mobile, nomadic polities. These in turn were in constant interaction with any neighbouring empire or empires, perhaps becoming the core of an empire themselves, perhaps taking over all or part of an existing empire, perhaps maintaining some autonomy by virtue of remoteness or lack of attractiveness, perhaps by balancing opposed empires against each other. Empires did not have a national core, and non-empires were not national. By contrast, modern empires have always had a clearly designated nation-state core and a physically separate set of non-national peripheries. This has been crucial to ensuring that when formal empire is ended, both the imperial core and the former colonies are defined as nation-states. But ex-imperial nation-states and ex-colonial nation-states are really two kinds of states. Much contemporary confusion about the prospect for a world order of nation-states revolves round the failure to make that basic distinction.
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Osadolor, Osarhieme Benson, et Leo Enahoro Otoide. « The Benin Kingdom in British Imperial Historiography ». History in Africa 35 (janvier 2008) : 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.0.0014.
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The body of knowledge that constituted British imperial writing, and the expression that interacted with it were attempts to engage European readership on the imperial adventure in Africa in the age of the new imperialism. This study is an attempt to address the complex issues involved in the production of historical knowledge about precolonial Benin to justify British colonial rule. The argument advanced in this paper is that, since imperial discourse set out to deal with history in terms of civilization, British imperial writing was a struggle to articulate certain ideas about Benin into a position of dominance before the British public. As Mary Louise Pratt explains, “depicting the civilizing mission as an aesthetic project is a strategy the west has often used for defining others as available for and in need of its benign and beautifying intervention.” British imperial discourse will form the basis of the discussion in this paper.Imperial discourse and its subjectivity raises questions about issues of power and privilege of those writers who were determined to sustain their voices in the debate on European imperialism in Africa. Their approach to the constitution of knowledge about Benin was one of many ways that opened the frontiers of knowledge about African states and societies to redefine civilization, albeit for the purposes of understanding various meanings and implications in this intellectual assault. This provides a vital entry point for examining the European colonial approach to the construction of the image of Africa. The aim is to demonstrate how this process suggests a connection from imperial expansionism to forms of knowledge and expression that reaffirmed metropolitan authority in the context of colonial subjugation.
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Esmer, Tolga U. « Notes on a Scandal : Transregional Networks of Violence, Gossip, and Imperial Sovereignty in the Late Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Empire ». Comparative Studies in Society and History 58, no 1 (janvier 2016) : 99–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417515000584.
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AbstractThis essay reconstructs a scandal in the fall of 1797 involving Ottoman governors, leaders of a notorious network of irregular soldiers cum bandits, and residents of the city of Filibe (Plovdiv in Bulgaria). It erupted over whether or not state officials should pacify successful bandit enterprises by co-opting their leaders. The scandal escalated into a crisis in which the large armies of the governors of Anatolia and Rumeli (the Ottoman Balkans) verged on clashing because each wanted to lead the state's lucrative war against Rumeli bandit networks. Imperial administrators issued dispatches regarding this scandal that were based on gossip and rumor circulating within the general population as well as among bandits. I draw on understandings of gossip as a social and cultural resource from linguistic anthropology to make sense of Ottoman political culture. I analyze these dispatches to uncover how the performance of these informal scripts featured prominently in correspondence with the Imperial Council and related surveillance reports, and thereby mediated resources, power, and authority among different agents of imperial violence. I show that gossip, rumor, and related forms of seemingly informal “talk” played a fundamental role in sovereign decision making. I also transpose methodologies and approaches of “history from below,” conceived by earlier generations of cultural anthropologists and historians, onto elite letters to ask new questions about information brokerage, the negotiation of power among different agents of imperial violence and their interlocutors, and the contested nature of imperial intelligence gathering and sovereignty.
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Kozlowski, Gregory. « Imperial Authority, Benefactions and Endowments (Awqāf) in Mughal India ». Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 38, no 3 (1995) : 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568520952600425.
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AbstractIslamic theology grants temporal rulers no divine right to command. Muslim kings have often tried to win a kind of legitimacy by offering various kinds of patronage to religious notables. In the Mamluk, Ottoman and Safavi states, endowments (Awqāf) were the most common form of benefaction. The Timurids of India, however, favored other forms of grants. They did so, in part, to adjust to religious centers and networks of learned/holy men established by the Muslim rulers who had preceded them.
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Yurganova, I. I. « On Siberian Models of Education Management (19th – Early 20th Century) ». Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series History 35 (2021) : 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2222-9124.2021.35.121.
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The article is devoted to the research of I. N. Mamkina and A.V. Blinov “Regional models of education management in Imperial Russia: Siberian version”. The monograph presents the results of the authors' work on the problem of organizing the management of the education system in the Eastern suburbs of the Russian Empire in the context of the development of the General Imperial district management model. Stages and adaptations of forms and methods of management in special Siberian conditions are revealed. The evolution of the formation of the Kazan educational circle is shown, the experience of transferring educational institutions under the control of the provincial government, and the features of regional education management in Western and Eastern Siberia are considered.
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Duara, Prasenjit. « The Chinese World Order in Historical Perspective ». China and the World 02, no 04 (décembre 2019) : 1950023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2591729319500238.
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I seek to grasp the genealogy of China’s Belt and Road (BRI) in relation both to the imperial Chinese world order and the historical sequence of forms of global domination, i.e., modern imperialism, the ‘imperialism of nation-states’ during the inter-war and Cold War period as well as the post-Cold War notion of ‘soft power’. While we may think of BRI as poised uncertainly between the logics of the older imperial Chinese order and the more recent logic impelled by capitalist nation-states, there are significant novelties in the new Chinese order, mostly in relation to debt, the environment and digital technology which constitute new realms of power not easily dominated by a hegemon.
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McCausland, Elly. « From the Plant of Life to the Throat of Death : Freakish Flora and Masculine Forms in Fin de Siècle Lost World Novels ». Victorian Literature and Culture 49, no 3 (2021) : 481–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150319000615.
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This article explores the representation of “plant horror” in fin de siècle “lost world” novels, from hideously dynamic carnivorous trees to mysterious plant-based drugs with the power to send their victims into torpid apathy. Such freakish flora can contribute to new understandings of the imperial romance novel, specifically in relation to its depiction of threatened masculinities. Combining modern ecocritical research into plant horror with readings of the imperial gothic, this article sheds new light on both fields by challenging the common assumption that both genres often associate the uncanny with moments of accelerated violence. Rather, I argue that these texts are instead most interested in questions of lassitude and stasis, and in problematizing the ideologies of conquest and control that animated British imperialism. Nuancing the ecophobia that is often identified with moments of plant horror, this article interprets nature not as phobic object but as sublimated metaphor for a specifically gendered anxiety. Encounters with the monstrous vegetal serve as an unsettling reminder that male bodies were ultimately disposable, controllable, and replaceable within the flawed economies of Victorian imperialism.
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Yücesoy, Hayrettidn. « Language of Empire : Politics of Arabic and Persian in the Abbasid World ». PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 130, no 2 (mars 2015) : 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2015.130.2.384.
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This essay aims to contribute to current studies of language and empire by considering arabic and persian in the ninth and tenth centuries. Following the lead of Edward Said on colonial empires and translation, I focus on the political aspects of language and translation in “premodern” trans-Asian societies, which have not received the nuanced attention they deserve. Accentuating the act of adopting and supporting a language as political, I argue that the wax and wane of imperial languages were predicated on two usually simultaneous dynamics: intra-imperial interests and, to use Laura Doyle's term, inter-imperial competition. Imperial patronage aimed, on the one hand, to consolidate power, exercise control, stabilize administration, and order lived reality for imperial subjects and, on the other hand, to create a discourse to fashion and project an image of rule capable of competing with rival claims in Afro-Eurasia. On both fronts, the promotion of one vernacular as “high language” entailed resisting another one in an already filled political, sociocultural, and linguistic space. The new language thus proceeded in an intrusive and even disruptive way since it involved a construction of new meanings to conform to alternative sociopolitical and cultural norms and priorities and to tame the multiplicity of language. Yet, such a political engagement or competition with existing language(s) and discourse(s) also led to new forms of hybridity of language and discourse, as was the case for Persian when the Samanids (819-999) adopted the script of the Arabic language and much of its vocabulary and idioms to express their thoughts.
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Davie, Shanta S. K. « ACCOUNTING'S USES IN EXPLOITATIVE HUMAN ENGINEERING : THEORIZING CITIZENSHIP, INDIRECT RULE AND BRITAIN'S IMPERIAL EXPANSION ». Accounting Historians Journal 32, no 2 (1 décembre 2005) : 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.32.2.55.
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This historical study starts from the argument that financial economic quantification using accounting concepts and analysis has always been an essential and integral part of effective policies and activities for Britain's empire building. Theories of citizenship are used in particular to examine the close association between accounting and imperial policies during British indirect rule in Fiji. Through an examination of archival data and other relevant source materials, the paper highlights the ways in which accounting helped translate imperial forms of oppression and injustice into everyday work practice. Indirect rule generally required the separation and subordination of the native population as subjects, and their exploitation within imperial hegemonic structures. This research is about a British regime of specific and deliberate power construct through which the indigenous population of subjects were oppressed and excluded from citizenship and from civil society. Focus is on the social, economic and institutional relations that determined a unique pattern of inequality and the way in which accounting was effectively mobilized to serve the aims of British imperialism through indirect rule.
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Folkers, Andreas. « Air-appropriation : The imperial origins and legacies of the Anthropocene ». European Journal of Social Theory 23, no 4 (4 février 2020) : 611–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368431020903169.
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This article elucidates the spatial order that underpins the politics of the Anthropocene – the ecological nomos of the earth – and criticizes its imperial origins and legacies. It provides a critical reading of Carl Schmitt’s spatial thought to not only illuminate the spatio-political ontology but also the violence and usurpations that characterize the Anthropocene condition. The article first shows how with the emergence of the ecological nomos seemingly ‘natural’ spaces like the biosphere and the atmosphere became politically charged. This challenges the modernist separation between natural facts and political norms. It then underlines the imperial origins of this nomos by introducing the concept of air-appropriation understood as the colonization of atmospheric space by CO2 emissions. Instead of assuming that the ecological nomos represents a transition from a colonial to an ecological and cosmopolitan world order, focusing on air-appropriation highlights forms of ecological imperialism that go along with the new nomos. Accordingly, the article calls for a just redistribution of ecospace that takes into account the imperial legacies and ongoing effects of air-appropriation.
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Skya, Walter. « Power and Dissent in Imperial Japan : Three Forms of Political Engagement by Hiromi Sasamoto-Collins ». Journal of Japanese Studies 41, no 2 (2015) : 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jjs.2015.0034.
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Seligmann, Katerina Gonzalez. « Ghosts of Dominican Past, Ghosts of Dominican Present ». Small Axe : A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 23, no 2 (1 juillet 2019) : 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-7703356.
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This essay examines important contributions made by Dixa Ramírez’s book Colonial Phantoms: Belonging and Refusal in the Dominican Americas, from the 19th Century to the Present (2018) to Dominican, Caribbean, and African diaspora literary and cultural studies. It argues for amplifying the study of imperial and nationalist forms of misrecognition, which Ramírez calls “ghosting.” It also argues that a focus on past and present exercises of power as ghosting may permit a greater understanding of stealthy—if often ambivalent—forms of resistance to empire and nationalism.
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Murray, Sheanna. « Identities in Roman Macedonia during the Early Imperial Period ». Sapiens ubique civis 1, no 1 (1 décembre 2020) : 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/suc.2020.1.141-160.
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This paper focuses on the impact of the Roman presence in Macedonia on the collective identities of the local population from the beginning of Roman rule in the region in 167 BC until the early 3rd century AD. The societal changes taking place during the first three and a half centuries have been outlined using the available epigraphic, numismatic and onomastic evidence to analyse the evolving identities of the Macedonians and the new forms of expression of these identities. The approach taken in this paper is not one of Hellenisation or Romanisation but of acculturation, focussing on the identities of the Macedonian people that adapted and evolved in relation to the new political and cultural environment.
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Zinchenko, Arsen. « The Religious Believers’ Opposition to the Activities of Russian Authorities Aimed at Destruction of Uniate Church in Bielorussia and Right Bank Ukraine at the End of the 18th — 30s of the 19th Centuries ». Ukrainian Studies, no 3(56) (26 août 2015) : 72–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(56).2015.245176.
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The article examines the activities of the Russian imperial government at the end of the 18th – 30s of the 19th centuries aimed at subordination of Bielorussian and Right Bank Ukrainian Uniate church parishes to the dominating Russian Orthodox church. The forms of opposition of Uniates and Uniate clergy to administrative and police actions of “reunification” are considered as well.
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García Martínez, Sonia María, et Manuel Abilio Rabanal Alonso. « La romanización durante el bajo imperio de los Conventus Lucensis y Asturum : aspectos socioeconómicosLa romanización durante el bajo imperio de los conventus lucensis y asturum : aspectos socioeconómicos ». Estudios humanísticos. Geografía, historia y arte, no 14 (15 février 2021) : 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehgha.v0i14.6896.
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<span>Very little scientific research has been done on the Low Imperial period in the Gallaecia province. Our aim is widening our knowledge about this historical time. We will focos on: A revision of classical literary sources. A study of the Economy: monetary treasuries, roadways, ceramic... A study of Society: roman and native onomastics.</span>