Bibliographies thématiques / Fluid-dynamic models

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Fluid-dynamic models »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Fluid-dynamic models"

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Stringari, S. « Fluid-dynamic models from the Boltzmann equations ». Il Nuovo Cimento A 87, no 2 (mai 1985) : 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02902348.

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Clark, Peter E. « Analysis of fluid loss data II : Models for dynamic fluid loss ». Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 70, no 3-4 (février 2010) : 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2009.11.010.

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Noh, Yung-Kyun, Jihun Hamm, Frank Chongwoo Park, Byoung-Tak Zhang et Daniel D. Lee. « Fluid Dynamic Models for Bhattacharyya-Based Discriminant Analysis ». IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 40, no 1 (1 janvier 2018) : 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2017.2666148.

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DILLON, R. H., L. J. FAUCI, C. OMOTO et X. YANG. « Fluid Dynamic Models of Flagellar and Ciliary Beating ». Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1101, no 1 (15 février 2007) : 494–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1389.016.

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Fauci, L., R. Dillon et X. Yang. « Fluid dynamic models of flagellar and ciliary beating ». Journal of Biomechanics 39 (janvier 2006) : S346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(06)84375-7.

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Babovsky, Hans. « Discrete kinetic models in the fluid dynamic limit ». Computers & ; Mathematics with Applications 67, no 2 (février 2014) : 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2013.07.005.

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Mériaux, Catherine, et Claude Jaupart. « Simple fluid dynamic models of volcanic rift zones ». Earth and Planetary Science Letters 136, no 3-4 (décembre 1995) : 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(95)00170-h.

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Iida, Hiroyuki, Takeo Nakagawa et Kristian Spoerer. « Game information dynamic models based on fluid mechanics ». Entertainment Computing 3, no 3 (août 2012) : 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2012.04.002.

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Crespo, Antonio. « Computational Fluid Dynamic Models of Wind Turbine Wakes ». Energies 16, no 4 (10 février 2023) : 1772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041772.

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Wind energy is one of the main sources of renewable energy that does not contaminate and contributes significantly to the reduction of burning fossil fuels that originate global warming by creating greenhouse gasses; therefore, a significant part the electric energy produced presently is of wind origin, and this share is expected to become more important in the next years [...]
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Colombo, Marco, Roland Rzehak, Michael Fairweather, Yixiang Liao et Dirk Lucas. « Benchmarking of computational fluid dynamic models for bubbly flows ». Nuclear Engineering and Design 375 (avril 2021) : 111075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111075.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Fluid-dynamic models"

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Durazzo, Gerardo. « Simulation of supply chains dynamics using fluid-dynamic models ». Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/887.

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2011 - 2012
The aim of thesis is to present some macroscopic models for supply chains and networks able to reproduce the goods dynamics, successively to show, via simulations, some phenomena appearing in planning and managing such systems and, finally, to dead with optimization problems... [edited by author]
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Kachani, Soulaymane, et Georgia Perakis. « A Fluid Model of Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Management for Make-to-Stock Manufacturing Systems ». Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Operations Research Center, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5137.

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In this paper, we introduce a fluid model of dynamic pricing and inventory management for make-to-stock manufacturing systems. Instead of considering a traditional model that is based on how price affects demand, we consider a model that relies on how price and level of inventory affect the time a unit of product remains in inventory. Our motivation is based on the observation that in inventory systems, a unit of product incurs a delay before being sold. This delay depends on the unit price of the product, prices of competitors, and the level of inventory of this product. Moreover, delay data is not hard to acquire and is internally controlled and monitored by the manufacturer. It is interesting to notice that this delay is similar to travel times incurred in a transportation network. The model of this paper includes joint pricing, production and inventory decisions in a competitive, capacitated multi-product dynamic environment. In particular, in this paper we (i) introduce a model for dynamic pricing and inventory control that uses delay rather then demand data and establish connections with traditional demand models, (ii) study analytical properties of this model, (iii) establish conditions under which the model has a solution and finally, (iv) establish an algorithm that solves efficiently a discretized version of the model.
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Holmlund, Petter. « Computational fluid dynamic simulations of pulsatile flow in stenotic vessel models ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93007.

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Livelli, Mark Andrew. « Providing flow parameters for approximate die design models and the improvement and verification of those models using CFD analysis / ». Online version of thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12222.

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Kachani, S. (Soulaymane). « Dynamic travel time models for pricing and route guidance : a fluid dynamics approach ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8527.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-201).
This thesis investigates dynamic phenomena that arise in a variety of systems that share similar characteristics. A common characteristic of particular interest in this work is travel time. We wish to address questions of the type: How long does it take a driver to traverse a route in a transportation network? How long does a unit of product remain in inventory before being sold? As a result, our goal is not only to develop models for travel times as they arise in a variety of dynamically evolving environments, but also to investigate the application of these models in the contexts of dynamic pricing, inventory management, traffic control and route guidance. To address these issues, we develop general models for travel times. To make these models more accessible, we describe them as they apply to transportation systems. We propose first-order and second-order fluid models. We enhance these models to account for spillback and bottleneck phenomena. Based on piecewise linear and piecewise quadratic approximations of the departure or exit flows, we propose several classes of travel time functions. In the area of supply chain, we propose and study a fluid model of pricing and inventory management for make-to-stock manufacturing systems. This model is based on how price and level of inventory affect the time a unit of product remains in inventory. The model applies to non-perishable products. Our motivation is based on the observation that in inventory systems, a unit of product incurs a delay before being sold. This delay depends on the level of inventory of this product, its unit price, and prices of competitors.
(Cont.) The model includes joint pricing, production and inventory decisions in a competitive capacitated multi-product dynamic environment. Finally, we consider the anticipatory route guidance problem, an extension of the dynamic user-equilibrium problem. This problem consists of providing messages to drivers, based on forecasts of traffic conditions, to assist them in their path choice decisions. We propose two equivalent formulations that are the first general analytical formulations of this problem. We establish, under weak assumptions, the existence of a solution to this problem.
by Soulaymane Kachani.
Ph.D.
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Ang, Keng Cheng. « A computational fluid dynamic study of blood flow through stenosed arteries / ». Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha5808.pdf.

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Horin, Brett. « Applying Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulations and Predictive Models to Determine Control Schedules for Natural Ventilation ». Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843192.

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This thesis investigates natural ventilation in building design, culminating in a final project to design optimal ventilation in an underground parking garage. The aim of this research is to explore a method combining computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations with neural networks as a means of performing a robust, yet computationally inexpensive simulation. The final project has the objective of simulating an annual operation schedule for louvers at the openings of the garage to achieve a desired airflow rate. Concepts in computational design and building science are explored to fully capture how the geometric domain of architectural modeling can be expressed in computational parameters to successfully perform effective simulations. It was important to make these workflows accessible to architects, so common software in the architecture industry was used. The results of this project support a coupled approach of using CFD simulations and neural networks to predict airflow parameters of interest. Validation CFD simulation results were compared to the results using the neural network and they were in good agreement. Ultimately, this project proves that using this approach is a relatively computationally inexpensive alternative to solely using CFD simulations, making design optimization possible.

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Zohora, Fatematuz. « Study of pipe leak fluid dynamic characteristics and their influences on acoustic emission generation ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207823/1/Fatematuz_Zohora_Thesis.pdf.

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Developing a robust pipe leak monitoring tool is essential as it continuously monitors pipeline health without disrupting normal operation. It is critical to understand the physical phenomena in the leakage area to develop a robust pipeline condition monitoring. This research project provides a better understanding of pipe leakage fluid dynamics and their influences on acoustic emission signal generation. The findings obtained from this project lay the groundwork for the development of a robust pipeline condition monitoring technique that could be implemented without disrupting normal operation. Such a monitoring tool would have significant financial, environmental, and social benefits.
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Common, David N. « Development of a system for the measurement of the static bulk modulus of fluids ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17579.

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Molale, Dimpho Millicent. « A computational evaluation of flow through porous media ». Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/686.

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Livres sur le sujet "Fluid-dynamic models"

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Flandoli, Franco. Random Perturbation of PDEs and Fluid Dynamic Models. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18231-0.

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Spinks, Joseph Michael. Dynamic simulation of particles in a magnetorheological fluid. Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008.

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Vortex element methods for fluid dynamic analysis of engineering systems. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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ERCOFTAC International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements (6th 2005 Villasimius, Sardinia). Engineering turbulence modelling and experiments 6 : Proce[e]dings of the ERCOFTAC International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements - ETMM6 - Sardinia, Italy, 23-25 May, 2005. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2005.

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International, Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements (2nd 1993 Florence Italy). Engineering turbulence modelling and experiments 2 : Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements, Florence, Italy, 31 May-2 June, 1993. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1993.

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S, Wu Y., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Regulatory Applications. et HydroGeoLogic Inc, dir. Validation and testing of the VAM2D computer code. Washington, DC : Division of Regulatory Applications, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1991.

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International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements (1st 1990 Dubrovnik, Croatia). Engineering turbulence modelling and experiments : Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements, held September 24-28, 1990 in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia. Sous la direction de Rodi Wolfgang et Ganić Ejup N. New York : Elsevier, 1990.

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Zai-chao, Liang, Chen Ching Jen 1936- et Cai Shutang, dir. Flow modeling and turbulence measurements. Washington : Hemisphere Pub., 1992.

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International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements (3rd 1996 Crete, Greece). Engineering turbulence modelling and experiments 3 : Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements, Heraklion-Crete, Greece, 27-29 May, 1996. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1996.

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Wolfgang, Rodi, et Laurence D, dir. Engineering turbulence modelling and experiments 4 : Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements, Ajaccio, Corsica, France, 24-26 May, 1999. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1999.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Fluid-dynamic models"

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Flandoli, Franco. « Dyadic Models ». Dans Random Perturbation of PDEs and Fluid Dynamic Models, 71–99. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18231-0_3.

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Flandoli, Franco. « Other Models : Uniqueness and Singularities ». Dans Random Perturbation of PDEs and Fluid Dynamic Models, 133–59. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18231-0_5.

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Flandoli, Franco. « Introduction to Uniqueness and Blow-Up ». Dans Random Perturbation of PDEs and Fluid Dynamic Models, 1–16. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18231-0_1.

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Flandoli, Franco. « Regularization by Additive Noise ». Dans Random Perturbation of PDEs and Fluid Dynamic Models, 17–69. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18231-0_2.

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Flandoli, Franco. « Transport Equation ». Dans Random Perturbation of PDEs and Fluid Dynamic Models, 101–31. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18231-0_4.

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Ubertini, S., F. Mariani et L. Postrioti. « Experimental Validation of Spray Breakup and Fuel Evaporation Models in High Pressure Ambient Conditions ». Dans Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2, 61–85. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10502-3_5.

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Shaffer, R. J., F. E. Heuze, R. K. Thorpe, A. R. Ingraffea et R. H. Nilson. « Models of Quasi-Static and Dynamic Fluid-Driven Fracturing in Jointed Rocks ». Dans Fracture of Concrete and Rock, 189–98. New York, NY : Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3578-1_19.

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Dubovski, Pavel B. « Fluid Dynamic Limit of the Boltzmann Kinetic Equation Arising in the Coagulation—Fragmentation Dynamics ». Dans Mathematical Models of Non-Linear Excitations, Transfer, Dynamics, and Control in Condensed Systems and Other Media, 71–76. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4799-0_4.

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Della Torre, Augusto, G. Montenegro et A. Onorati. « Coupled 1D-quasi3D fluid dynamic models for the simulation of IC engine intake and exhaust systems ». Dans 17. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium, 1461–76. Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-16988-6_111.

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Xing, V., et C. J. Lapeyre. « Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Subgrid-Scale Flame Wrinkling Modeling ». Dans Lecture Notes in Energy, 149–74. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16248-0_6.

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AbstractSubgrid-scale flame wrinkling is a key unclosed quantity for premixed turbulent combustion models in large eddy simulations. Due to the geometrical and multi-scale nature of flame wrinkling, convolutional neural networks are good candidates for data-driven modeling of flame wrinkling. This chapter presents how a deep convolutional neural network called a U-Net is trained to predict the total flame surface density from the resolved progress variable. Supervised training is performed on a database of filtered and downsampled direct numerical simulation fields. In an a priori evaluation on a slot burner configuration, the network outperforms classical dynamic models. In closing, challenges regarding the ability of deep convolutional networks to generalize to unseen configurations and their practical deployment with fluid solvers are discussed.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Fluid-dynamic models"

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Zuo, Julian Y., Oliver C. Mullins, Richard Jackson, Ankit Agarwal, Cosan Ayan, Kang Wang, Yi Chen et al. « Understanding Reservoir Fluid Dynamic Processes by Using Diffusive Models ». Dans Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/26964-ms.

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Tadmor, G., et B. R. Noack. « Dynamic estimation for reduced Galerkin models of fluid flows ». Dans Proceedings of the 2004 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.2004.1383694.

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Parthasarathy, Girija, et Dinkar Mylaraswamy. « Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling for Engine Diagnosis ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38567.

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This paper presents the results of a demonstration problem where computational fluid dynamics modeling (CFD) is used for engine diagnosis. As computational resources become faster and cheaper and detailed numerical models of heat transfer, fluid dynamics and chemical kinetics become more accurate, these numerical models can become viable alternatives for seeded fault tests. The work done here is one of the ways this could be done; that is, by using the results of a CFD model to map the effects of certain faults to a model parameter computed by a less detailed lumped parameter model.
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Sulkowski, Tomasz, Paulina Bugiel et Jacek Izydorczyk. « Dynamic Trajectory Planning for Autonomous Driving Based on Fluid Simulation ». Dans 2019 24th International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2019.8864656.

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ZHU, SHANGXIANG. « On the fluid-dynamic models of microburst - Review and extension ». Dans 16th Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-3353.

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Zhang, Jiafeng, Pei Zhang, Kate Fraser, Bartley P. Griffith et Zhongjun J. Wu. « Experimental Validation of Fluid Dynamic Numerical Models in Blood Pump Simulation ». Dans ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80855.

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Heart disease affects millions of people each year. However, only a limited number of people benefit from a heart transplant due to the scarce supply of donor hearts. Ventricular assist devices (VADs) provide an alternative way to augment or replace the function of one or more chambers of a failing heart. Fluid dynamics in these devices plays a key role in their function and blood biocompatibility. Although current devices are more biocompatible than their forerunners, they still cause blood damage, such as hemolysis, platelet activation, thrombosis and embolization, which may result in serious clinical events and are directly related to fluid dynamics and artificial materials of these devices. Significant research efforts have been devoted to studying the device-blood interactions and minimizing these non-physiological fluid dynamic conditions to improve the functional characteristics and bio/hemo-compatibility of these medical devices.
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Anand, Dhananjay M., James Moyne et Dawn M. Tilbury. « Running Simulation Models in Parallel With Physical Systems for Improved Estimation Performance : Semantic Models Facilitate Updating Model State, Parameters, and Structure ». Dans ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6157.

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When a simulation model for a dynamic system is used in parallel with the real physical system adaptation is a very important design feature. Model adaptation allows the model to compensate for errors between the simulated and real outputs. While parameter tuning and state updates can be automated to improve model accuracy, automatically updating the structure of a model is generally difficult to do. In order to build an automatic structural adaptation scheme we propose a semantic architecture for the model definition and use the semantic form to design an adaptation law. The semantic structure provides the standardization required for an automated algorithm to derive meaning from the model definition while allowing model designers to retain some generality in the way models are built. The semantic modeling approach is presented with an example implementation and discussion about its application to wide area distributed control systems. The wide area control system we use as motivation is a regional electrical power distribution controller.
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Roemer, Daniel B., Per Johansen, Henrik C. Pedersen et Torben O. Andersen. « Modeling of Dynamic Fluid Forces in Fast Switching Valves ». Dans ASME/BATH 2015 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2015-9594.

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Switching valves experience opposing fluid forces due to movement of the moving member itself, as the surrounding fluid volume must move to accommodate the movement. This movement-induced fluid force may be divided into three main components; the added mass term, the viscous term and the so-called history term. For general valve geometries there are no simple solution to either of these terms. During development and design of such switching valves, it is therefore, common practice to use simple models to describe the opposing fluid forces, neglecting all but the viscous term which is determined based on shearing areas and venting channels. For fast acting valves the opposing fluid force may retard the valve performance significantly, if appropriate measures are not taken during the valve design. Unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are available to simulate the total fluid force, but these models are computationally expensive and are not suitable for evaluating large numbers of different operation conditions or even design optimization. In the present paper, an effort is done to describe these fluid forces and their origin. An example of the total opposing fluid force is given using an analytically solvable example, showing the explicit form of the force terms and highlighting the significance of the added mass and history term in certain fast switching valve applications. A general approximate model for arbitrary valve geometries is then proposed with offset in the analytic model terms. The coefficients in this general model are determined based on CFD analyses, which are evaluated throughout the movement range of the moving member on an example valve geometry. The proposed model is compared to complete unsteady CFD simulations and found to generally predict the opposing fluid force well and gives accurate predictions under certain conditions. The proposed model is suitable for valve designers who need a computationally inexpensive fluid force model suitable for optimization routines or efficient dynamic models.
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Dalla Vedova, Matteo D. L., et Parid Alimhillaj. « Study of new Fluid Dynamic Nonlinear Servovalve Numerical Models for Aerospace Applications ». Dans 2018 2nd European Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eecs.2018.00095.

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Li, Jingliang, et Jingang Yi. « Vehicle Motion Stability With Two Vehicle Dynamics Models ». Dans ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6195.

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We present and compare vehicle maneuver stability under two vehicle dynamics models, one with the rear tire slip angle dynamics and the other with the vehicle side slip angle dynamics. Instead of using vehicle mass center side slip angle, we consider to use rear axial slip angle as one of the state variables for studying vehicle lateral dynamics. Using rear wheel slip angle as a state variable for studying vehicle dynamics has been reported in practices in industry but not rigorously studied. We analyze the new vehicle dynamics and compare the stability results with existing reported results. Both analytical and numerical results have shown that the stability region of the vehicle dynamics by using the rear slip angle is less conservative comparing with using the vehicle side slip angle.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Fluid-dynamic models"

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Campbell, R. L. Fluid Film Bearing Dynamic Coefficients and Their Application to Structural Finite Element Models. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada465781.

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Brenan, J. M., K. Woods, J. E. Mungall et R. Weston. Origin of chromitites in the Esker Intrusive Complex, Ring of Fire Intrusive Suite, as revealed by chromite trace element chemistry and simple crystallization models. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328981.

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To better constrain the origin of the chromitites associated with the Esker Intrusive Complex (EIC) of the Ring of Fire Intrusive Suite (RoFIS), a total of 50 chromite-bearing samples from the Black Thor, Big Daddy, Blackbird, and Black Label chromite deposits have been analysed for major and trace elements. The samples represent three textural groups, as defined by the relative abundance of cumulate silicate phases and chromite. To provide deposit-specific partition coefficients for modeling, we also report on the results of laboratory experiments to measure olivine- and chromite-melt partitioning of V and Ga, which are two elements readily detectable in the chromites analysed. Comparison of the Cr/Cr+Al and Fe/Fe+Mg of the EIC chromites and compositions from previous experimental studies indicates overlap in Cr/Cr+Al between the natural samples and experiments done at >1400oC, but significant offset of the natural samples to higher Fe/Fe+Mg. This is interpreted to be the result of subsolidus Fe-Mg exchange between chromite and the silicate matrix. However, little change in Cr/Cr+Al from magmatic values, owing to the lack of an exchangeable reservoir for these elements. A comparison of the composition of the EIC chromites and a subset of samples from other tectonic settings reveals a strong similarity to chromites from the similarly-aged Munro Township komatiites. Partition coefficients for V and Ga are consistent with past results in that both elements are compatible in chromite (DV = 2-4; DGa ~ 3), and incompatible in olivine (DV = 0.01-0.14; DGa ~ 0.02), with values for V increasing with decreasing fO2. Simple fractional crystallization models that use these partition coefficients are developed that monitor the change in element behaviour based on the relative proportions of olivine to chromite in the crystallizing assemblage; from 'normal' cotectic proportions involving predominantly olivine, to chromite-only crystallization. Comparison of models to the natural chromite V-Ga array suggests that the overall positive correlation between these two elements is consistent with chromite formed from a Munro Township-like komatiitic magma crystallizing olivine and chromite in 'normal' cotectic proportions, with no evidence of the strong depletion in these elements expected for chromite-only crystallization. The V-Ga array can be explained if the initial magma responsible for chromite formation is slightly reduced with respect to the FMQ oxygen buffer (~FMQ- 0.5), and has assimilated up to ~20% of wall-rock banded iron formation or granodiorite. Despite the evidence for contamination, results indicate that the EIC chromitites crystallized from 'normal' cotectic proportions of olivine to chromite, and therefore no specific causative link is made between contamination and chromitite formation. Instead, the development of near- monomineralic chromite layers likely involves the preferential removal of olivine relative to chromite by physical segregation during magma flow. As suggested for some other chromitite-forming systems, the specific fluid dynamic regime during magma emplacement may therefore be responsible for crystal sorting and chromite accumulation.
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Kokes, Joseph, Mark Costello et Jubaraj Sahu. Generating an Aerodynamic Model for Projectile Flight Simulation Using Unsteady, Time Accurate Computational Fluid Dynamic Results. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, septembre 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada457421.

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Weinberg, Zwi G., Adegbola Adesogan, Itzhak Mizrahi, Shlomo Sela, Kwnag Jeong et Diwakar Vyas. effect of selected lactic acid bacteria on the microbial composition and on the survival of pathogens in the rumen in context with their probiotic effects on ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598162.bard.

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This research project was performed in context of the apparent probiotic effect of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) silage inoculants on the performance of ruminants (improved feed intake, faster live-weight gain, higher milk yields and improved feed efficiency). The overall objective was to find out how LAB affect ruminant performance. The project included several “chapters” as follows: 1. The effect of LAB silage inoculants on the survival of detrimental bacteria in rumen fluid, in vitro study (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). An in vitro model was developed to study the interaction between selected LAB and an E. coli strain tagged with green fluorescence protein (GFP) in buffered RF. Results indicated that both LAB inoculants and E. coli survived in the RF for several days; both LAB inoculants and LAB-treated silages did not affect survival of E. coli in rumen fluid in vitro. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the performance of high-lactating cows (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). Treatments included control (no additive), Lacobacillusbuchneri40788 (LB), Lactobacillus plantarumMTD1 40027 (LP) and Pediococcuspentosaceus30168 (PP), each applied at 10⁶ cfu/g FM. The silages were included in the TMR of 32 high milking Holstein cows in a controlled feeding experiment. All baled silages were of good quality. The LB silage had the numerically highest acetic acid and were the most stable upon aerobic exposure. The cows fed the LB silages had the highest daily milk yields, percent milk fat and protein. The microbiome of baled wheat silages and changes during ensiling of wheat and corn (Sela et al., The Volcani Center). Bacterial community of the baled silages was dominated mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Lactobacillus and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 with 300 other genera at very low abundance. Fungal community was composed mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Candida and Monascuswith 20 other genera at very low abundance. In addition, changes in the microbiome during ensiling of wheat and corn with and without addition of L. plantarumMTD1 was studied in mini-silos. Overall 236 bacterial genera were identified in the fresh corn but after 3 months Lactobacillus outnumbered all other species by acquiring 95% of relative abundance. The wheat silage samples are still under analysis. The effect of applying LAB inoculants at ensiling on survival of E. coli O157:H7 in alfalfa and corn silages(Adesogan et al., University of Florida). E. coli (10⁵ cfu/g) was applied to fresh alfalfa and corn at ensiling with or without L. plantarumor L. buchneri. The pathogen was added again after about 3 moths at the beginning of an aerobic exposure period. The inoculants resulted in faster decrease in pH as compared with the control (no additives) or E. coli alone and therefore, the pathogen was eliminated faster from these silages. After aerobic exposure the pathogen was not detected in the LAB treated silages, whereas it was still present in the E. coli alone samples. 5. The effect of feeding corn silage treated with or without L. buchnerion shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by dairy cows (Adesogan et al., UFL). BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 2 of 12 Five hundred cows from the dairy herd of the University of Florida were screened for E. coli shedding, out of which 14 low and 13 high shedders were selected. These cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) which was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 for 21 days. The TMR included corn silage treated with or without L. buchneri. The inoculated silages were more stable upon aerobic exposure than the control silages; the silage inoculant had no significant effect on any milk or cow blood parameters. However, the silage inoculant tended to reduce shedding of E. coli regardless of high or low shedders (p = 0.06). 6. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the rumen microbiome (Mizrahi et al., BGU). Rumen fluid was sampled throughout the feeding experiment in which inoculated wheat silages were included in the rations. Microbial DNA was subsequently purified from each sample and the 16S rRNA was sequenced, thus obtaining an overview of the microbiome and its dynamic changes for each experimental treatment. We observed an increase in OTU richness in the group which received the baled silage inoculated with Lactobacillus Plantarum(LP). In contrast the group fed Lactobacillus buchneri(LB) inoculated silage resulted in a significant decrease in richness. Lower OTU richness was recently associated in lactating cows with higher performance (Ben Shabatet al., 2016). No significant clustering could be observed between the different inoculation treatments and the control in non metric multi-dimentional scaling, suggesting that the effect of the treatments is not the result of an overall modulation of the microbiome composition but possibly the result of more discrete interactions. Significant phylum level changes in composition also indicates that no broad changes in taxa identity and composition occurred under any treatment A more discrete modulation could be observed in the fold change of several taxonomic groups (genus level analysis), unique to each treatment, before and after the treatment. Of particular interest is the LB treated group, in which several taxa significantly decreased in abundance. BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 3 of 12
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Styling Parameter Optimization of the Type C Recreational Vehicle Air Drag. SAE International, septembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-5094.

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Recreational vehicles have a lot of potential consumers in China, especially the type C recreational vehicle is popular among consumers due to its advantages, prompting an increase in the production and sales volumes. The type C vehicle usually has a higher air drag than the common commercial vehicles due to its unique appearance. It can be reduced by optimizing the structural parameters, thus the energy consumed by the vehicle can be decreased. The external flow field of a recreational vehicle is analyzed by establishing its computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model. The characteristic of the RV’s external flow field is identified based on the simulation result. The approximation models of the vehicle roof parameters and air drag and vehicle volume are established by the response surface method (RSM). The vehicle roof parameters are optimized by multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MO-PSO). According to the comparison, the air drag is reduced by 2.89% and the vehicle volume is increased by 0.36%. For the RV, the proper geometry parameters can increase the inner space of the vehicle while reducing the air drag.
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