Bibliographies thématiques / Floodplain monitoring

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Floodplain monitoring »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 14 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Floodplain monitoring"

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Manh, N. V., B. Merz et H. Apel. « Sedimentation monitoring including uncertainty analysis in complex floodplains : a case study in the Mekong Delta ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no 1 (11 janvier 2013) : 325–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-325-2013.

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Abstract. Quantity and quality of sediment deposition in complex floodplains are affected by many uncertain factors, ranging from suspended sediment transport dynamics in rivers and floodplain channel interactions to internal floodplain processes. In consequence, any point measurement of sedimentation in floodplains contains a high degree of uncertainty calling for a careful analysis of the measured data. However, uncertainty analyses are not documented in publications on floodplain sedimentation data. Therefore the presented work illustrates a field sampling strategy aiming at the quantification of uncertainties associated to sediment deposition data, as well as the spatial variability of sediments deposition on floodplains. The study was performed in the Mekong Delta (MD), being an example for a large and complex floodplain with a high degree of anthropogenic disturbances. We present a procedure for the quantification of the uncertainty associated to the data, based on the design of the monitoring campaign and floodplain characteristics. Sediment traps were distributed strategically over the floodplain in clusters of three mat traps representing one monitoring point. The uncertainty originating from collection of the traps in ponding water is quantified by lab experiments. The uncertainty of a single monitoring point is then quantified in a Monte Carlo simulation, propagating the uncertainty from the different uncertainty sources to final uncertainty bounds of the monitored sediment data. For the case study area, it is shown that there are no correlations in the spatial distribution of sedimentation in floodplains. This can be explained by the highly complex channel and dike system and the high number of hydraulic structures. However, it can be shown that within single floodplain compartments the spatial deposition variability depends on the dike levels and operation and location of hydraulic structures.
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Manh, N. V., B. Merz et H. Apel. « Sedimentation monitoring including uncertainty analysis in complex floodplains : a case study in the Mekong Delta ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no 8 (1 août 2013) : 3039–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3039-2013.

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Abstract. Quantity and quality of sediment deposition in complex floodplains are affected by many processes that are typically highly spatially and temporally variable and hard to quantify exactly. The main processes in this context are suspended sediment transport dynamics in rivers, floodplain channel interactions, and internal floodplain processes. In consequence, any point measurement of sedimentation in floodplains contains a high degree of uncertainty, both stemming from measurement errors and from the lack of representativeness for a larger area. However, up to now, uncertainty analyses have not been performed as part of publications on floodplain sedimentation data. Therefore the present work illustrates a field sampling strategy aiming at the monitoring of floodplain deposition and spatial variability on a large scale and at the quantification of uncertainties associated to sediment deposition data. The study was performed in the Mekong Delta, being an example for a large and complex floodplain with a high degree of anthropogenic disturbances. We present a procedure for the quantification of the uncertainty associated to the data, based on the design of the monitoring campaign, sampling procedures, and floodplain characteristics. Sediment traps were distributed strategically over the floodplain in clusters of three mat traps representing one monitoring point. The uncertainty originating from collection of the traps from still ponding water is quantified by lab experiments. The overall uncertainty of the deposition samples and the associated nutrient content is quantified in a Monte Carlo simulation and illustrated by uncertainty bounds. For the study area the results show a very high variability of the annual floodplain deposition (2.2–60 kg m−2) with uncertainty bounds ranging from −61 to +129% relative to overall mean deposition of 11.4 kg m−2. No correlations in the spatial distribution of sedimentation in the floodplains could be found. This is caused by the highly complex channel and dike system and the high number of hydraulic structures. Also, no differences in deposition between floodplain compartments protected with high and low dikes could be detected. However, it can be shown that within single floodplain compartments the spatial deposition variability depends on the dike levels and operation and location of hydraulic structures.
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Martin, Simon, Stefan Klingler, Peter Dietrich, Carsten Leven et Olaf A. Cirpka. « Structural controls on the hydrogeological functioning of a floodplain ». Hydrogeology Journal 28, no 8 (22 août 2020) : 2675–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-020-02225-8.

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AbstractFloodplains are often conceptualized as homogeneous sediment bodies which connect streams with their respective catchment and buffer agricultural inputs. This has led to a general bias within the hydrological community towards research on sites where the floodplain is a clear conduit for groundwater flow. In humid temperate regions of central Europe, floodplains have experienced rapid environmental changes since the last glaciation, yielding significant bedrock weathering and predominantly fine-grained, highly stratified hillslope and floodplain sediments. Such heterogeneous sedimentary architecture leads to conceptual ambiguities in the interpretation of the hydrogeological functioning of floodplains, thus raising the question: Do floodplains act as barriers or conduits to groundwater flow? This study analyzes the Ammer floodplain close to Tübingen in south-western Germany as a representative mid-section floodplain in a temperate climate where the regional bedrock-geology is dominated by mudstones. Geological, geophysical, and geochemical characterization and monitoring techniques were combined to shed light on the internal geological structure as a key control modulating the floodplain hydrology. Two partially separate groundwater systems were identified: a gravel body at the bottom of the Quaternary sediments and a Holocene confined tufaceous aquifer, separated by low-permeability clays. Despite flow being predominantly along-valley, sulfate concentrations in the floodplain aquifers showed evidence of a strong connection to the gypsum-bearing hillslope, particularly where tributary valley sediments are present (e.g., alluvial fans). Results from a floodplain water balance suggest the hillslope- and floodplain-aquifer material act as a barrier to hillslope groundwater recharge, where a large fraction may be bypassing the local floodplain groundwater system.
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Heyden, Janika, et Stephanie Natho. « Assessing Floodplain Management in Germany—A Case Study on Nationwide Research and Actions ». Sustainability 14, no 17 (25 août 2022) : 10610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710610.

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After a long history of floodplain degradation and substantial losses of inundation areas over the last decades, a rethinking of floodplain management has taken place in Germany. Floodplains are now acknowledged as important areas for both biodiversity and society. This transformation has been significantly supported by nationwide research activities. A systematic assessment of the current floodplain management is still lacking. We therefore developed a scheme to assess floodplain management through the steps of identification, analysis, implementation, and evaluation. Reviewing the data and literature on nationwide floodplain-related research and activities, we defined key elements of floodplain management for Germany. We concluded that research activities already follow a strategic nationwide approach of identifying and analyzing floodplains. Progress in implementation is slow, however, and potentials are far from being reached. Nevertheless, new and unique initiatives enable Germany to stay on the long-term path of giving rivers more space and improving floodplain conditions.
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van Iersel, W. K., M. W. Straatsma, E. A. Addink et H. Middelkoop. « MONITORING PHENOLOGY OF FLOODPLAIN GRASSLAND AND HERBACEOUS VEGETATION WITH UAV IMAGERY ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (21 juin 2016) : 569–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b7-569-2016.

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River restoration projects, which aim at improved flood safety and increased ecological value, have resulted in more heterogeneous vegetation. However, they also resulted in increasing hydraulic roughness, which leads to higher flood water levels during peak discharges. Due to allowance of vegetation development and succession, both ecological and hydraulic characteristics of the floodplain change more rapidly over time. Monitoring of floodplain vegetation has become essential to document and evaluate the changing floodplain characteristics and associated functioning. Extraction of characteristics of low vegetation using single-epoch remote sensing data, however, remains challenging. The aim of this study was to (1) evaluate the performance of multi-temporal, high-spatial-resolution UAV imagery for extracting temporal vegetation height profiles of grassland and herbaceous vegetation in floodplains and (2) to assess the relation between height development and NDVI changes. Vegetation height was measured six times during one year in 28 field plots within a single floodplain. UAV true-colour and false-colour imagery of the floodplain were recorded coincidently with each field survey. We found that: (1) the vertical accuracy of UAV normalized digital surface models (nDSMs) is sufficiently high to obtain temporal height profiles of low vegetation over a growing season, (2) vegetation height can be estimated from the time series of nDSMs, with the highest accuracy found for combined imagery from February and November (RMSE = 29-42 cm), (3) temporal relations between NDVI and observed vegetation height show different hysteresis behaviour for grassland and herbaceous vegetation. These results show the high potential of using UAV imagery for increasing grassland and herbaceous vegetation classification accuracy.
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van Iersel, W. K., M. W. Straatsma, E. A. Addink et H. Middelkoop. « MONITORING PHENOLOGY OF FLOODPLAIN GRASSLAND AND HERBACEOUS VEGETATION WITH UAV IMAGERY ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (21 juin 2016) : 569–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-569-2016.

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River restoration projects, which aim at improved flood safety and increased ecological value, have resulted in more heterogeneous vegetation. However, they also resulted in increasing hydraulic roughness, which leads to higher flood water levels during peak discharges. Due to allowance of vegetation development and succession, both ecological and hydraulic characteristics of the floodplain change more rapidly over time. Monitoring of floodplain vegetation has become essential to document and evaluate the changing floodplain characteristics and associated functioning. Extraction of characteristics of low vegetation using single-epoch remote sensing data, however, remains challenging. The aim of this study was to (1) evaluate the performance of multi-temporal, high-spatial-resolution UAV imagery for extracting temporal vegetation height profiles of grassland and herbaceous vegetation in floodplains and (2) to assess the relation between height development and NDVI changes. Vegetation height was measured six times during one year in 28 field plots within a single floodplain. UAV true-colour and false-colour imagery of the floodplain were recorded coincidently with each field survey. We found that: (1) the vertical accuracy of UAV normalized digital surface models (nDSMs) is sufficiently high to obtain temporal height profiles of low vegetation over a growing season, (2) vegetation height can be estimated from the time series of nDSMs, with the highest accuracy found for combined imagery from February and November (RMSE = 29-42 cm), (3) temporal relations between NDVI and observed vegetation height show different hysteresis behaviour for grassland and herbaceous vegetation. These results show the high potential of using UAV imagery for increasing grassland and herbaceous vegetation classification accuracy.
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van Iersel, Wimala, Menno Straatsma, Hans Middelkoop et Elisabeth Addink. « Multitemporal Classification of River Floodplain Vegetation Using Time Series of UAV Images ». Remote Sensing 10, no 7 (19 juillet 2018) : 1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10071144.

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The functions of river floodplains often conflict spatially, for example, water conveyance during peak discharge and diverse riparian ecology. Such functions are often associated with floodplain vegetation. Frequent monitoring of floodplain land cover is necessary to capture the dynamics of this vegetation. However, low classification accuracies are found with existing methods, especially for relatively similar vegetation types, such as grassland and herbaceous vegetation. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery has great potential to improve the classification of these vegetation types owing to its high spatial resolution and flexibility in image acquisition timing. This study aimed to evaluate the increase in classification accuracy obtained using multitemporal UAV images versus single time step data on floodplain land cover classification and to assess the effect of varying the number and timing of imagery acquisition moments. We obtained a dataset of multitemporal UAV imagery and field reference observations and applied object-based Random Forest classification (RF) to data of different time step combinations. High overall accuracies (OA) exceeding 90% were found for the RF of floodplain land cover, with six vegetation classes and four non-vegetation classes. Using two or more time steps compared with a single time step increased the OA from 96.9% to 99.3%. The user’s accuracies of the classes with large similarity, such as natural grassland and herbaceous vegetation, also exceeded 90%. The combination of imagery from June and September resulted in the highest OA (98%) for two time steps. Our method is a practical and highly accurate solution for monitoring areas of a few square kilometres. For large-scale monitoring of floodplains, the same method can be used, but with data from airborne platforms covering larger extents.
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Dezső, József, Szabolcs Czigány, Gábor Nagy, Ervin Pirkhoffer, Marcin Słowik et Dénes Lóczy. « Monitoring soil moisture dynamics in multilayered Fluvisols ». Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series 16, no 1 (18 juin 2019) : 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bgeo-2019-0009.

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Abstract The identification of drought-sensitive areas (DSAs) in floodplain Fluvisols of high textural pedodiversity is crucial for sustainable land management purposes. During extended drought periods moisture replenishment is only available by capillary rise from the groundwater. However, moisture flux is often hindered by capillary barriers in the interface between layers of contrasting textures. The results of HYDRUS-1D simulations run on multilayered soil profiles were integrated into textural maps to determine the spatial distribution of water dynamics on the floodplain of the Drava River (SW Hungary). Model runs and field data revealed limited moisture replenishment by capillary rise when both contrasting textural interfaces and sandy layers are present in the profile. By implementing these textural and hydraulic relations, a drought vulnerability map (DSA map) of the operational area of the Old Drava Programme (ODP) was developed. According to the spatial distribution of soils of reduced capillary rise, 52% of the ODP area is likely threatened by droughts. Our model results are adaptable for optimisation of land- and water-management practices along the floodplains of low-energy and medium-sized rivers under humid continental and maritime climates.
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Džubáková, K., P. Molnar, K. Schindler et M. Trizna. « Monitoring of riparian vegetation response to flood disturbances using terrestrial photography ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19, no 1 (13 janvier 2015) : 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-195-2015.

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Abstract. Flood disturbance is one of the major factors impacting riparian vegetation on river floodplains. In this study we use a high-resolution ground-based camera system with near-infrared sensitivity to quantify the immediate response of riparian vegetation in an Alpine, gravel bed, braided river to flood disturbance with the use of vegetation indices. Five large floods with return periods between 1.4 and 20.1 years in the period 2008–2011 in the Maggia River were analysed to evaluate patterns of vegetation response in three distinct floodplain units (main bar, secondary bar, transitional zone) and to compare the sensitivity of seven broadband vegetation indices. The results show both a negative (damage) and positive (enhancement) response of vegetation within 1 week following the floods, with a selective impact determined by pre-flood vegetation vigour, geomorphological setting and intensity of the flood forcing. The spatial distribution of vegetation damage provides a coherent picture of floodplain response in the three floodplain units. The vegetation indices tested in a riverine environment with highly variable surface wetness, high gravel reflectance, and extensive water–soil–vegetation contact zones differ in the direction of predicted change and its spatial distribution in the range 0.7–35.8%. We conclude that vegetation response to flood disturbance may be effectively monitored by terrestrial photography with near-infrared sensitivity, with potential for long-term assessment in river management and restoration projects.
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Džubáková, K., P. Molnar, K. Schindler et M. Trizna. « Monitoring of riparian vegetation response to flood disturbances using terrestrial photography ». Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no 3 (21 mars 2014) : 3359–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3359-2014.

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Abstract. The distribution of riparian vegetation on river floodplains is strongly impacted by floods. In this study we use a new setup with high resolution ground-based cameras in an Alpine gravel bed braided river to quantify the immediate response of riparian vegetation to flood disturbance with the use of vegetation indices. Five largest floods with return periods between 1.4 and 20.1 years in the period 2008–2011 in the Maggia River were used to evaluate patterns of vegetation response in three distinct floodplain units (main bar, secondary bar, transitional zone) and to compare seven vegetation indices. The results show both negative (damage) and positive (enhancement) response of vegetation in a short period following floods, with a selective impact based on the hydrogeomorphological setting and the intensity of the flood forcing. The spatial distribution of vegetation damage provides a coherent picture of floodplain response in the three floodplain units with different flood stress. We show that the tested vegetation indices generally agree on the direction of predicted change and its spatial distribution. The average disagreement between indices was in the range 14.4–24.9% despite the complex environment, i.e. highly variable surface wetness, high gravel reflectance, extensive water–soil–vegetation contact zones. We conclude that immediate vegetation response to flood disturbance may be effectively monitored by terrestrial photography with potential for long-term assessment in river management and restoration projects.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Floodplain monitoring"

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Mortl, Amanda E. « Monitoring soil moisture and soil water salinity in the Loxahatchee floodplain ». [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015734.

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Clilverd, H. M. « Hydroecological monitoring and modelling of river-floodplain restoration in a UK lowland river meadow ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1515912/.

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Channelization and embankment of rivers has led to major ecological degradation of aquatic habitats worldwide. River restoration can be used to restore favourable hydrological conditions for target processes or species. This study is based on rarely available, detailed pre- and post-restoration hydrological data collected from 2007–2010 from a wet grassland meadow in Norfolk, UK. Based on these data, coupled hydrological/hydraulic models were developed of pre-embankment and post-embankment conditions using the MIKE-SHE/MIKE-11 system. Fine-scale plant and chemical sampling was conducted on the floodplain meadow to assess the spatial pattern of plant communities in relation to soil physicochemical conditions. Simulated groundwater levels for a 10-year period were then used to predict changes in plant community composition following embankment-removal. Hydrology was identified as the primary driver of plant community composition, while soil fertility was also important. Embankment removal resulted in widespread floodplain inundation at high river flows and frequent localised flooding at the river edge at lower flows. Subsequently, groundwater levels were higher and subsurface storage was greater. The restoration had a moderate effect on flood-peak attenuation and improved free drainage to the river. Reinstatement of overbank flows did not substantially affect the degree of aeration stress on the meadow, except along the river embankments where sum exceedance values for aeration stress increased from 0 m weeks (dry-grassland) to 7 m weeks (fen). The restored groundwater regime may be suitable for more diverse plant assemblages. However the benefits of flooding (e.g. propagule dispersal, reduced competition) may be over-ridden without management to reduce waterlogging during the growing season, or balance additional nutrient supply from river water. The results from this study suggest that removal of river embankments can increase river-floodplain hydrological connectivity to form a more natural flood-pulsed wetland ecotone, which favours conditions for enhanced flood storage, plant species composition and nutrient retention.
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De, Vries Daniel H. Crumley Carole L. « Temporal vulnerability historical ecologies of monitoring, memory, and meaning in changing United States floodplain landscapes / ». Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1699.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of in the Department of Anthropology." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.
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Keys, Tyler Adam. « Monitoring and Managing River Corridors in the Midst of Growing Water Demand ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94643.

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Rivers and their surrounding riparian and subsurface ecosystems, known as river corridors, are important landscape features that provide a myriad of ecological and societal benefits. While the importance of riverine flooding has been widely acknowledged and extensively studied, very little research has been conducted on the interactions between river channels and their adjacent floodplains. The importance of this hydrologic connectivity between rivers and floodplains has been emphasized in recent decades and now ecological engineering techniques such as stream restoration are often utilized to restore connectivity between streams and their riparian ecosystems. Despite its ubiquity in practice, there are still many basic components of river-floodplain connectivity that are not well understood. Furthermore, a lack of cost-effective monitoring techniques makes sustainable management of river corridors quite challenging. Thus, the overall goals of my dissertation were: 1) develop user-friendly river corridor monitoring techniques utilizing cost-effective approaches such as time-lapse digital imagery and satellite remote sensing and 2) identify the effects of anthropogenic activities on river corridor hydrologic and biogeochemical processes that occur at varying spatial and temporal scales during flood events. These goals were addressed through five independent studies that span spatiotemporal scales. The five studies utilized a combination of novel remote sensing, hydrologic/hydraulic modeling, and high frequency spatial sampling techniques to analyze river corridor dynamics. Results highlight that digital imagery and satellite remote sensing can be effective tools for monitoring river corridors in data scare regions. Additionally, impounding streams and river corridors alters floodplain connectivity and biogeochemical processing of reactive solutes such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Findings from this work highlight the important role that spatial and temporal scale plays in river corridor dynamics. Overall, this research provides new analytical techniques and findings that can be used to effectively monitor and manage river corridors.
PHD
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Perez, Linde Natalia. « Assessment habitat outcomes of floodplain forest restoration : case study at the Ouse Valley Park ». Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12315.

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The research project for this PhD set out to provide a best practice example of bringing together industry (Hanson Heidelberg Cement Group), a charitable body (The Parks Trust), non-departmental public body (Environment Agency) and academia (Cranfield University). The Parks Trust (landowner) and Hanson (quarry operator) worked together with the vision of creating a new floodplain forest landscape along a 1 km reach of the River Great Ouse following extraction of gravels from the site. It was the first project of its kind in the United Kingdom where planning permission was obtained specifically for the creation of a floodplain forest habitats post quarrying. The aim of the PhD research was to determine appropriate ecological approaches to apply to the assessment and future monitoring of habitat outcomes of a floodplain forest restoration project at a mineral extraction site. A central element of the research was the design of a scientifically justified monitoring programme, with key variables determined being: soil characteristics, water quality, vegetation development, site topography and water table level data. An Adaptive Monitoring Framework (AMF) was chosen to set the proposed monitoring within which was complemented with the hypothesis - The ratio of wet/dry vegetation within the floodplain forest is determined by the site topography and water table level. The hypothesis was tested by analysis of the key variables through fieldwork and existing data sources supplemented with a study of the water table level interaction with two typical floodplain forest tree species (Salix viminalis and Populus trichocarpa x deltoides) in a glasshouse experiment. Findings from the field and experimental research were then used within a spatially based landscape ecology scenario approach to identify the most suitable areas of the study site for specific species planting according to soil-water levels and topography in the floodplain forest. Outputs of this research enhance understanding of the key aspects to consider when assessing floodplain forest re-creation/restoration and enable guidelines and recommendations to be developed for land managers based on a long-term and an adaptive ecological monitoring approach. These management guidelines and recommendations based on a systematic scientific approach applied within the research should be appropriate to other similar restoration projects. The research provides the background evidence on what should be measured to determine the environmental changes of the floodplain forest habitat restoration as it develops towards restoration success.
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Riquier, Jérémie. « Réponses hydrosédimentaires de chenaux latéraux restaurés du Rhône français : structures spatiales et dynamiques temporelles des patrons et des processus, pérennité et recommandations opérationnelles ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20111/document.

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Au cours des deux derniers siècles, le Rhône a connu de fortes modifications de son régime hydrologique et de sa dynamique fluviale, aboutissant à une diminution drastique de la diversité structurelle et fonctionnelle des habitats, à la fois sur le fleuve et ses marges. Un programme de restauration ambitieux du fleuve a ainsi été lancé à la fin des années 1990. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le suivi des travaux de restauration, entrepris entre 1999 et 2006, sur 18 chenaux latéraux. Elle se fonde sur l'analyse croisée de mesures in situ de la granulométrie du substrat, des épaisseurs de lames d'eau et de sédiments fins dans les chenaux latéraux, de données topographiques et hydrologiques ainsi que d’acquisitions photographiques aéroportées. Nous disposons de données avant travaux pour 12 chenaux latéraux et de 3 à 7 campagnes de mesures post-travaux, couvrant de 5 à 15 années. Afin d'évaluer l'ajustement des conditions hydromorphologiques, la diversité fonctionnelle et la pérennité des chenaux latéraux en tant qu'habitats aquatiques, l'étude s'appuie sur des statistiques et de la modélisation à portée prédictive. Nous démontrons que les patrons granulométriques et les vitesses d'accumulation des alluvions fines peuvent être relativement bien estimés à partir de descripteurs de l'hydrodynamisme des écoulements de crue dans les bras dépendant de leur géométrie (fréquence de connexion amont, contrainte de cisaillement et capacité de reflux). Les relations statistiques empiriques établies indiquent qu'il est possible d'estimer, a priori, l’effet de la modification de la géométrie des bras restaurés sur les patrons granulométriques et la quantité de fines qui s’y déposent. La durée de vie potentielle des bras est également estimée à partir des données acquises et discutée en fonction de différents modèles tendanciels. A l’issue de ces analyses, des outils opérationnels sont ainsi proposés, permettant de guider les futures opérations de restauration de ce type sur le Rhône
Over the past two centuries, the hydrological regime and the fluvial dynamics of the Rhône River have been highly modified, leading to a drastic decrease in the structural and functional habitat diversity of the main river channel and floodplains. An ambitious restoration project was initiated at the end of the 1990's. This thesis deals with the monitoring of 18 floodplain channels, which were restored between 1999 and 2006. We combined analysis based on grain size of deposits, fine sediment thicknesses, water depth, topographical and hydrological data and airborne imagery. We used pre-restoration data for 12 floodplain channels coupled with between three and seven post-restoration surveys for each channel, ranging from 5 to 15 years after restoration. To assess the adjustment of hydromorphological conditions, the physical functional diversity and the persistence of floodplain channels as aquatic habitats, we used statistical analysis and a modeling approach that allowed us to forecast conditions. Results demonstrate that both (i) grain size patterns and (ii) fine sediment accumulation rates can be predicted using simple hydrologic and/or hydraulic descriptors (upstream overflow frequency, shear stress, back-flowing capacity), which reflect the control exerted by the geometry of floodplain channels on their flooding regime (upstream overflow frequency, shear stress and backflow capacity). Such empirical statistical relationships can be used a priori to estimate the potential effects of different floodplain channel geometries on the propensity to accumulate fine sediment and the grain sizes of this sediment. Estimates of potential ranges of floodplain channel life spans are provided and discussed according to multiple trend models. This research has direct application and provides tools to river managers that will help guide this type of floodplain channel restoration design in the future on the Rhône River
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Kletecke, Rojane Magda. « Remoção/exportação de nutrientes de esgoto doméstico utilizando plantas ornamentais = Hedychium coronarium, Heliconia psittacorum, Cyperus alternifolius e Colocasia esculenta ». [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256883.

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Orientador: Jose Teixeira Filho
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: O presente estudo trabalhou com leitos cultivados (LC) avaliando a capacidade de retenção exportação de nutrientes, nitrogênio e fósforo, a partir da poda das plantas. Os LC foram utilizados no pós-tratamento de efluentes de esgoto doméstico pós reatores anaeróbios compartimentados (RAC) utilizando plantas ornamentais: Hedychium coronarium; Heliconia psittacorum; Cyperus alternifolius e Colocasia esculenta. O monitoramento da água foi realizado a partir da avaliação da quantidade e qualidade. Os parâmetros para a avaliação da quantidade da água foram: volume, vazão, tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) e evaporação/evapotranspiração e para a qualidade da água foram: concentração, carga e eficiência de retenção para o fósforo total (PT), o nitrato (NO3-), o nitrogênio amoniacal (NH3) e a demanda química de oxigênio (DQO). Além da concentração de oxigênio dissolvido (OD), pH, condutividade elétrica (CE) e temperatura da água. O monitoramento da vegetação, foi realizada a partir do índice de área foliar (IAF), altura e densidade das plantas. A determinação da exportação dos nutrientes foi realizada após a poda com a pesagem total da biomassa verde e seca para cada LC e análise foliar. A vazão afluente dos LC variou de 0,9 a 1,0 m3/dia, resultando num TDH médio de 1,25 dias. A concentração afluente dos LC de PT, NO3-, NH3 e DQO foram em média 3,5 mg/L, 1,7 mg/L, 36,7 mg/L e 92,7 mg/L, respectivamente. A eficiência média de retenção para a massa de PT, NO3-, NH3 e DQO, entre os quatro LC foi de 6,4%, 18,3%, 6,4%, 26,1%, respectivamente. A remoção /exportação média de nutrientes entre todos os LC foi de 14,4g/m2 para o nitrogênio e de fósforo foi de 2,9g/m2. Dentre os parâmetros analisados para a eficiência de retenção e exportação de nutrientes o LC com Heliconia psittacorum mostrou-se mais eficiente. Concluiu-se que os LC vegetados com plantas ornamentais mostraram potencial favorável na complementação do tratamento de efluentes domésticos, em especial na retenção de nutrientes e matéria orgânica. A utilização das plantas ornamentais também contribuiu para a composição paisagística, transformando o local num "jardim alagado"
Abstract: This study evaluated the ability of constructed wetlands (CW) with ornamental plants to retain /export nutrients as nitrogen and phosphorus. The CW were used in the domestic sewage posttreatment effluent after anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) using the macrophytes as Hedychium coronarium, Heliconia psittacorum, Cyperus alternifolius and Colocasia esculenta. The analysis methods consisted in monitoring water quantity and quality as well as vegetation indicators. Volume, flow, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and evapotranspiration were used as water quantity parameters. Concentration, charge and retention efficiency for total phosphorus (TP), the Nitrate (NO³-), the ammonia (NH³) and chemical oxygen demand (BOD) as well as the dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and water temperature were used as water quality indicators. Leaf area index (LAI), height and density of plants were used as vegetation indicators. The nutrients export was determined after the plants pruning using leaf analysis and the weigth of fresh and dry total biomass for each CW. The CW influent flow ranged from 0,9 to 1,0 m³/day, resulting in an average HRT of 1,25 days. The CW influent concentration of PT, NO³-, NH³ and COD were on average 3,5 mg/L, 1,7 mg/L, 36,7 mg/L and 92,7 mg/L, respectively. The average mass retention efficiency of PT, NO³-, NH³ and COD among the four CW was 6,4%, 18,3%, 6,4%, 26,1%, respectively. Average nutrient removal/export among all CW was 14,4 g/m² for nitrogen and 2,9 g/m² for phosphorus. The results showed that the Heliconia psittacorum CW was more efficient in the retention efficiency and nutrient export. The conclusion of this study is that CW vegetated with ornamental plants exhibit a good potential for wastewater treatment particularly the retention of nutrients and organic matter. Also the use of ornamental plants contributed to the landscape composition, turning the site into a "garden wetland"
Doutorado
Agua e Solo
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
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Livres sur le sujet "Floodplain monitoring"

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Naslund, Cheryl T. Senegal River Basin bibliography : Senegal River Basin monitoring activity II, final report. 2e éd. Binghamton, NY : Institute for Development Anthropology, 1993.

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1958-, Kölsch Oskar, Lucker Thomas et Germany Bundesamt für Naturschutz, dir. Ökologische und sozioökonomische Entwicklung einer Kulturlandschaft : 20 Jahre Monitoring in der Ise-Niederung. Bonn-Bad Godesberg : Bundesamt für Naturschutz, 2010.

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Water Science and Technology Board, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Mapping Science Committee, Division on Earth and Life Studies et Committee on FEMA Flood Maps. Mapping the Zone : Improving Flood Map Accuracy. National Academies Press, 2009.

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Mapping the Zone : Improving Flood Map Accuracy. National Academies Press, 2009.

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Board on Earth Sciences and Resources/Mapping Science Committee, Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council et Committee on FEMA Flood Maps. Mapping the Zone : Improving Flood Map Accuracy. National Academies Press, 2009.

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Board on Earth Sciences and Resources/Mapping Science Committee, Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council et Committee on FEMA Flood Maps. Mapping the Zone : Improving Flood Map Accuracy. National Academies Press, 2009.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Floodplain monitoring"

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Starosolszky, Ödön. « Flood Monitoring ». Dans Defence from Floods and Floodplain Management, 173–80. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0401-2_9.

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Straatsma, M. W., et H. Middelkoop. « Airborne laser scanning as a tool for lowland floodplain vegetation monitoring ». Dans Living Rivers : Trends and Challenges in Science and Management, 87–103. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5367-3_6.

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Solodovnikov, Denis A., et Stanislav S. Shinkarenko. « Geoinformation Systems as a Means of Monitoring and Managing Floodplain Landscapes ». Dans "Smart Technologies" for Society, State and Economy, 1704–13. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59126-7_186.

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Lamine, Salim, Manish Kumar Pandey, George P. Petropoulos, Paul A. Brewer, Prashant K. Srivastava, Kiril Manevski, Leonidas Toulios, Nour-El-Islam Bachari et Mark G. Macklin. « Spectroradiometry as a tool for monitoring soil contamination by heavy metals in a floodplain site ». Dans Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, 249–68. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102894-0.00002-4.

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« Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins ». Dans Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins, sous la direction de Gretchen L. Benjamin, Angeline J. Rodgers et K. Jack Killgore. American Fisheries Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874448.ch15.

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<em>Abstract</em>.—Ecosystem restoration of the Mississippi River main stem has been ongoing since the early 1970s. After the passage of environmental laws in the late 1960s to the early 1970s, private citizens and state and federal natural resource agency managers began to seek programs and funding for restoration and conservation that eventually resulted in mitigation measures of adverse impacts. Environmental-type actions that include the Great River Environmental Action Team, the Avoid and Minimize program, the middle Mississippi River biological opinion, and the lower Mississippi River conservation plan and biological opinion originated from laws or legal action. The Upper Mississippi River Restoration, Navigation and Ecosystem Sustainability Program, Restoring America’s Greatest River, and Operation and Maintenance activities, which support system ecological restoration measures, are, to a large extent, done in a cooperative setting to improve the river for multiple benefits. This coalition of agencies and professions has resulted in the application of hundreds of different types of measures to restore form and function to the third largest river in the world. Over the years, dredging and disposal practices have improved in an effort to minimize the impacts from these activities. Lost floodplain islands have been replaced, backwater lakes and channel depths have been recovered, active river flow has been reintroduced to backwaters, and microhabitats for special concern species have been restored, all to recreate broad functional floodplain habitat. Wing-dike and side-channel closure structures have been shortened, notched, or removed to recover flow along the main-channel border and side channels, increasing hydraulic residence time and recovering valuable habitat along with restoring nutrient and sediment assimilation processes the floodplain provides. Field monitoring has shown positive responses from endangered and threatened species, migratory and resident aquatic and wildlife species, abiotic conditions like water quality, and increased use by humans enjoying the benefit of a restored river system. Collectively, this work is some of the most extensive large river restoration in the world, but it only represents a small contribution to what is necessary to maintain a diverse and resilient Mississippi River. The information provided in this chapter provides a basis for continuing restoration efforts that should become a routine part of Mississippi River management.
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« Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation ». Dans Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation, sous la direction de Ryan Smith, Joe Trungale, Rick Lowerre, Tom Hayes, Mike Montagne, Tim Bister, Laura-Ashley Overdyke et Marcia Hackett. American Fisheries Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874578.ch15.

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<em>Abstract</em>.—Caddo Lake, along with its swamps and tributary bayous, supports a diversity of aquatic ecosystems and has been designated a wetland of global significance by the Ramsar Convention. The life blood of Caddo Lake is the network of tributary creeks and bayous that drain into the wetland complex of the lake’s upper reaches. The ecology of the main tributary, Big Cypress Bayou, however, has been altered by flow regulation by Lake O’ the Pines dam. Additional threats from giant salvinia <em>Salvinia molesta </em>and other invasive plants, water quality impacts, and land uses have added stress to the ecosystem. Several conservation organizations, led by the Caddo Lake Institute, have formed partnerships to address these threats to the watershed. The Sustainable Rivers Program, a partnership of The Nature Conservancy and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), has managed dam operations to enhance the natural ecology of Big Cypress Bayou and Caddo Lake downstream. The Corps has been releasing recommended flows to allow researchers to gather more information to evaluate the success of restoration efforts. Early monitoring results indicate a potential positive response of the fish community to these flow releases. We present results of flow restoration work and associated ecological monitoring. We also summarize floodplain vegetation monitoring, paddlefish restoration and invasive species management projects in Caddo Lake and the Cypress River basin.
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« Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins ». Dans Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins, sous la direction de Huatang Deng, Jiawen Ba et Daqing Chen. American Fisheries Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874448.ch2.

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<em>Abstract</em>.—The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, with a drainage area encompassing a land area of 1.8 × 10<sup>6</sup> km<sup>2</sup>. The river main stem flows approximately 6,300 km from west to east through 11 provinces, eventually emptying into the East China Sea. The total basin area of the Yangtze River provides more than 40% of China’s gross domestic product, sustains nearly 500 million people, and plays a vital role in the overall socioeconomic development of China. Because of longitudinal differences in geomorphology, the Yangtze River is often divided into upper, middle, and lower reaches for the purposes of study and description. In general, the Yangtze River basin has a warm climate and abundant rainfall. The subtropical monsoon climate accounts for 70–80% of its annual rainfall, which produces predictable annual flood events during summers of each year. The Yangtze River ecosystem also has diverse aquatic habitats that support high biodiversity. The Yangtze River main stem contains more than 3,000 tributaries and approximately 4,000 lakes that provide important habitats for thousands of aquatic species, which include 378 fish species. Yet, the ecological communities of the Yangtze River have been dramatically impacted in recent decades due to high degrees of anthropogenic activities associated with the economic development of China. Significant biodiversity declines occurring throughout the basin have been largely attributed to hydropower dam construction, overexploitation of major fisheries, water pollution, and habitat fragmentation. In addition, widespread disconnection of the Yangtze River main stem from its floodplain lakes, lake reclamation projects, invasions by exotic species, and other serious ecological problems threaten the survival of the remaining aquatic resources in the basin. To offset the adverse effects of these threats, a number of nature reserves have been established. Additionally, protection and restoration measures, including spring fishing closures, artificial population enhancement strategies, and complete habitat restoration projects, have been implemented throughout the basin. Although these projects have yielded some encouraging results to date, they are still considered inadequate. It is recommended that an integrated strategy that includes cross-functional communication mechanisms, more comprehensive monitoring, ecological rehabilitation, and government legislation is still needed. This will insure that utilization and development in the Yangtze River ecosystem are sustainable and balanced with conservation and ecological needs.
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« Advancing an Ecosystem Approach in the Gulf of Maine ». Dans Advancing an Ecosystem Approach in the Gulf of Maine, sous la direction de Glenn Benoy, Eric Luiker et Joseph Culp. American Fisheries Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874301.ch16.

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Abstract.—Estuarine and coastal ecosystems of the Gulf of Maine continue to be degraded by excessive loadings of sediments, nutrients, and contaminants derived from surrounding watersheds. The Saint John River basin is the largest basin in the Gulf of Maine, and within it there are a significant number of major industries along the main stem of the river and vast expanses of land-based activities of forestry and potato production along many of the river valleys and floodplains. Water quality and loading of sediments and nutrients have changed over the past few hundred years, with the most important changes coming with the expansion of agriculture and pulp and paper processing operations since the 1950s. Several studies are discussed in this chapter that outline the identification and quantification of watershed-based activities that influence the Saint John River ecosystem. Using export coefficient modeling, nonpoint sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to the Bay of Fundy are shown to be three to four times that of point sources. Few studies explicitly couple river dynamics to estimates of load to the Saint John River estuary and the Bay of Fundy. With high-quality geographic information on land coverage, land usage and human activities, and robust water quantity and quality monitoring programs, analytical models can be developed to help evaluate policy options and chart pathways towards a more integrated understanding and management of the basin and its receiving waters.
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« Managing the Impacts of Human Activities on Fish Habitat : The Governance, Practices, and Science ». Dans Managing the Impacts of Human Activities on Fish Habitat : The Governance, Practices, and Science, sous la direction de Steve Gotch. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874417.ch9.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—Modern placer mining continues to occur on many historically mined watercourses in the Yukon, while advances in gold recovery technology have enabled the industry to explore and operate in a number of newly developed areas. Placer gold deposits are typically found within alluvial floodplains, occurring adjacent to and in many cases beneath present-day streams and rivers. A large number of these watercourses in the Yukon provide habitat for a variety of resident (freshwater) and anadromous fish species which in turn, requires that careful planning and consideration for fisheries resources occurs when developing mining proposals and operations. Many activities and processes associated with placer mining have the potential to result in the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish habitat or direct harm to fish. In the past, the operation of large mechanized dredges resulted in extensive localized disturbance of fish habitats which, without active restoration, required many years to recover. In the Yukon, Fisheries and Oceans Canada administers the habitat protection provisions of the federal <em>Fisheries Act </em>and is principally responsible for ensuring that placer mining activities are carried out in a manner which achieves effective conservation and protection of fish and fish habitat resources consistent with the principle of sustainable development. Between 2002 and 2007, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, in partnership with the Yukon Government the Council of Yukon First Nations and with support from the Yukon placer mining industry, developed a new integrated management process for regulating the effects of placer mining activities on fish and fish habitat resources. This new process is designed to integrate a number of key regulatory concepts and principles including cause-effect (risk-based) project assessment, industry-specific operational guidelines, watershed-wide fish habitat management planning, aquatic ecosystem monitoring, incorporation of Aboriginal traditional knowledge, proactive compliance and enforcement, and an adaptive management system through which adjustments can be made over time. Overall, this approach has been implemented with the objective of achieving conservation and protection of fish and fish habitat resources while facilitating a regulatory environment that enables the placer mining industry to continue operate in an environmental sustainable and economically viable manner into the future.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Floodplain monitoring"

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Ridolfi, E., K. Yan, L. Alfonso, G. Di Baldassarre, F. Napolitano, F. Russo et Paul D. Bates. « An entropy method for floodplain monitoring network design ». Dans NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2012 : International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756522.

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Corucci, Linda, Adriano Meta et Alex Coccia. « Floodplain vegetation monitoring with the MetaSensing airborne L-band fully polarimetric radar ». Dans 2015 16th International Radar Symposium (IRS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irs.2015.7226341.

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Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire, Maycira P. F. Costa, Evlyn M. L. M. Novo et John M. Melack. « A multisensor, multitemporal approach for monitoring herbaceous vegetation growth in the Amazon floodplain ». Dans MultiTemp 2013 : 7th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-temporal Remote Sensing Images (Multi-Temp). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/multi-temp.2013.6866019.

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Mahanta, Chandan, Runti Choudhury, Pronobjyoti Borah, Lalseng Sailo, Sandip Mondal, Lalit Saikia et Wazir Alam. « Monitoring and Surveillance of Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in the Brahmaputra Floodplain in Assam ». Dans World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2011. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41173(414)442.

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Munday, T. J., I. Overton, A. Fitzpatrick, K. Cahill, V. Berens, M. Hatch et R. C. Brodie. « Spatio‐Temporal Monitoring of Floodplain Environments Using Electromagnetic Methods : A Scaled Approach to Understanding Surface Water‐ Groundwater Interactions on the Chowilla Floodplain, South Australia ». Dans Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2007. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2924698.

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Munday, T. J., I. Overton, A. Fitzpatrick, K. Cahill, V. Berens, M. Hatch et R. C. Brodie. « Spatio-Temporal Monitoring Of Floodplain Environments Using Electromagnetic Methods : A Scaled Approach To Understanding Surface Water- Groundwater Interactions On The Chowilla Floodplain, South Australia ». Dans 20th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.179.0436-444.

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Decker, Kendra, Emma Wiggins et Tim Lutz. « MONITORING SEDIMENT STORAGE ON A RESTORED FLOODPLAIN : CLIMATE VARIABILITY AS A CONSIDERATION IN ASSESSING LONG-TERM EFFECTIVENESS ». Dans 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272789.

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Carmona, Luis Gabriel, Juan Cardenas, Mauricio Navarreta, Laura Cardenas et Paola Montenegro. « Monitoring ad Conservation Program for Umbrella Species : The Northern Screamer as a Strategic Element for Floodplain Biodiversity in the Middle Magdalena Region, Colombia ». Dans SPE E&P Health, Safety, Security and Environmental Conference-Americas. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/173551-ms.

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Arushanyan, G. « NEW LOCATIONS OF THE SIBERIAN FOREST IN THE FLOODPLAINS OF THE RIVERS OF THE KHOPRA BASIN ». Dans Reproduction, monitoring and protection of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic landscapes. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/rmpnnaal2021_12-16.

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Preservation of biodiversity, ecosystems, individual plant species and their habitats is of paramount importance. The article describes habitats of Siberian proleska not typical for the species – floodplains of the rivers Vetlyanka and Melik, tributaries of the Khopr 2 and 4 orders. In cenopopulations generative specimens are present in rather large numbers – 44,2 on the Vetlyanka river and 159,4 specimens on the Melik river per 100 m2. In floristic environment there are species characteristic for overmoistened habitats. Habitats are not subjected to anthropogenic influence. It is necessary to monitor price populations and preservation of these ecotopes as a possible optimal existence of Scilla siberica.
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Kooistra, L., M. Barranco, H. van Dobben et M. Schaepman. « Regional Scale Monitoring of Vegetation Biomass in River Floodplains Using Imaging Spectroscopy and Ecological Modeling ». Dans 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2006.37.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Floodplain monitoring"

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Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, Lloyd Morrison, Janice Hinsey, Tyler Cribbs, Gareth Rowell, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor et Jeffrey Williams. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & ; Monitoring Network : Version 2.1. National Park Service, avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threatened by numerous stressors, most of which originate outside park boundaries. Stream condition and ecosystem health are dependent on processes occurring in the entire watershed as well as riparian and floodplain areas; therefore, they cannot be manipulated independently of this interrelationship. Land use activities—such as timber management, landfills, grazing, confined animal feeding operations, urbanization, stream channelization, removal of riparian vegetation and gravel, and mineral and metals mining—threaten stream quality. Accordingly, the framework for this aquatic monitoring is directed towards maintaining the ecological integrity of the streams in those parks. Invertebrates are an important tool for understanding and detecting changes in ecosystem integrity, and they can be used to reflect cumulative impacts that cannot otherwise be detected through traditional water quality monitoring. The broad diversity of invertebrate species occurring in aquatic systems similarly demonstrates a broad range of responses to different environmental stressors. Benthic invertebrates are sensitive to the wide variety of impacts that influence Ozark streams. Benthic invertebrate community structure can be quantified to reflect stream integrity in several ways, including the absence of pollution sensitive taxa, dominance by a particular taxon combined with low overall taxa richness, or appreciable shifts in community composition relative to reference condition. Furthermore, changes in the diversity and community structure of benthic invertebrates are relatively simple to communicate to resource managers and the public. To assess the natural and anthropo-genic processes influencing invertebrate communities, this protocol has been designed to incorporate the spatial relationship of benthic invertebrates with their local habitat including substrate size and embeddedness, and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity). Rigid quality control and quality assurance are used to ensure maximum data integrity. Detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and supporting information are associated with this protocol.
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Social Impact Monitoring and Vulnerability Assessment (SIMVA) 2014. Vientiane, Lao PDR : Mekong River Commission Secretariat, octobre 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.ajg6hg.

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The SIMVA report is the largest socio-economic survey and study conducted along the Mekong mainstream and floodplain areas to understand the occurrence and impacts from floods, droughts and extreme weather, and identification of longer-term trends at community level.
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