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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Flexible MOF »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Flexible MOF"

Xu, Li-Hao, Shen-Hui Li, Heng Mao, Yan Li, Ao-Shuai Zhang, Sen Wang, Wei-Min Liu et al. « Highly flexible and superhydrophobic MOF nanosheet membrane for ultrafast alcohol-water separation ». Science 378, n^o 6617 (21 octobre 2022) : 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abo5680.

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High-performance pervaporation membranes have potential in industrial separation applications, but overcoming the permeability-selectivity trade-off is a challenge. We report a strategy to create highly flexible metal-organic framework nanosheet (MOF-NS) membranes with a faveolate structure on polymer substrates for alcohol-water separation. The controlled growth followed by a surface-coating method effectively produced flexible and defect-free superhydrophobic MOF-NS membranes. The reversible deformation of the flexible MOF-NS and the vertical interlamellar pathways were captured with electron microscopy. Molecular simulations confirmed the structure and revealed transport mechanism. The ultrafast transport channels in MOF-NS exhibited an ultrahigh flux and a separation factor of 8.9 in the pervaporation of 5 weight % ethanol-water at 40°C, which can be used for biofuel recovery. MOF-NS and polydimethylsiloxane synergistically contribute to the separation performance.

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Chakraborty, Anindita, Syamantak Roy, Muthusamy Eswaramoorthy et Tapas Kumar Maji. « Flexible MOF–aminoclay nanocomposites showing tunable stepwise/gated sorption for C2H2, CO2 and separation for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 ». Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, n^o 18 (2017) : 8423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta09886j.

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Wang, Hui-Ya, Xiao-bo Sun et Guang-Sheng Wang. « A MXene-modulated 3D crosslinking network of hierarchical flower-like MOF derivatives towards ultra-efficient microwave absorption properties ». Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, n^o 43 (2021) : 24571–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta06505j.

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3D crosslinking networks were constructed through hierarchicalower–like Co MOF (or CoNi MOF) with 2D flexible MXene. Combined with the introduction of Ni ions, the MOF derivatives/MXene composites accomplish remarkable MA ability at a lower content.

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Seth, Soana, Govardhan Savitha et Jarugu Narasimha Moorthy. « Diverse isostructural MOFs by postsynthetic metal node metathesis : anionic-to-cationic framework conversion, luminescence and separation of dyes ». Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, n^o 45 (2015) : 22915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta04551g.

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Postsynthetic metal-node metathesis of a flexible, yet robust porous anionic Cd–MOF with different metal ions of varying ionic radii, charges and chemical nature leads to diverse isostructural MOFs. The Eu@MOF and Tb@MOF – accessed by PSME – are brilliantly luminescent. The modified MOFs permit organic dye separation.

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Ali, Ashraf, Husam H. D. AlTakroori, Yaser E. Greish, Ahmed Alzamly, Lamia A. Siddig, Naser Qamhieh et Saleh T. Mahmoud. « Flexible Cu3(HHTP)2 MOF Membranes for Gas Sensing Application at Room Temperature ». Nanomaterials 12, n^o 6 (10 mars 2022) : 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12060913.

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Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), possessing high porosity, have received extensive attention for gas sensing applications. However, those with high flexibility and significant sensitivity are rare. In this work, we report on the fabrication of a novel membrane, using Cu3(HHTP)2 MOF (Cu-MOF) embedded in a polymer matrix. A solution comprising a homogenous suspension of poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) and ionic liquid (IL), and Cu-MOF solid particles, was cast onto a petri dish to obtain a flexible membrane (215 μm in thickness). The sensor membrane (Cu-MOF/PVA/IL), characterized for its structure and morphology, was assessed for its performance in sensing against various test gases. A detection limit of 1 ppm at 23 °C (room temperature) for H2S was achieved, with a response time of 12 s. Moreover, (Cu-MOF/PVA/IL) sensor exhibited excellent repeatability, long-term stability, and selectivity towards H2S gas. The other characteristics of the (Cu-MOF/PVA/IL) sensor include high flexibility, low cost, low-power consumption, and easy fabrication technique, which nominate this sensor as a potential candidate for use in practical industrial applications.

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Ahmad, Momin, Yi Luo, Christof Wöll, Manuel Tsotsalas et Alexander Schug. « Design of Metal-Organic Framework Templated Materials Using High-Throughput Computational Screening ». Molecules 25, n^o 21 (22 octobre 2020) : 4875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214875.

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The ability to crosslink Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) has recently been discovered as a flexible approach towards synthesizing MOF-templated “ideal network polymers”. Crosslinking MOFs with rigid cross-linkers would allow the synthesis of crystalline Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs) of so far unprecedented flexibility in network topologies, far exceeding the conventional direct COF synthesis approach. However, to date only flexible cross-linkers were used in the MOF crosslinking approach, since a rigid cross-linker would require an ideal fit between the MOF structure and the cross-linker, which is experimentally extremely challenging, making in silico design mandatory. Here, we present an effective geometric method to find an ideal MOF cross-linker pair by employing a high-throughput screening approach. The algorithm considers distances, angles, and arbitrary rotations to optimally match the cross-linker inside the MOF structures. In a second, independent step, using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations we quantitatively confirmed all matches provided by the screening. Our approach thus provides a robust and powerful method to identify ideal MOF/Cross-linker combinations, which helped to identify several MOF-to-COF candidate structures by starting from suitable libraries. The algorithms presented here can be extended to other advanced network structures, such as mechanically interlocked materials or molecular weaving and knots.

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Li, Yue, Yutong Wang, Weidong Fan et Daofeng Sun. « Flexible metal–organic frameworks for gas storage and separation ». Dalton Transactions 51, n^o 12 (2022) : 4608–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt03842g.

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Allen, Andrew, Winnie Wong-Ng, Eric Cockayne, Jeffrey Culp et Christopher Matranga. « Structural Basis of CO2 Adsorption in a Flexible Metal-Organic Framework Material ». Nanomaterials 9, n^o 3 (4 mars 2019) : 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9030354.

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This paper reports on the structural basis of CO2 adsorption in a representative model of flexible metal-organic framework (MOF) material, Ni(1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene)[Ni(CN)4] (NiBpene or PICNIC-60). NiBpene exhibits a CO2 sorption isotherm with characteristic hysteresis and features on the desorption branch that can be associated with discrete structural changes. Various gas adsorption effects on the structure are demonstrated for CO2 with respect to N2, CH4 and H2 under static and flowing gas pressure conditions. For this complex material, a combination of crystal structure determination and density functional theory (DFT) is needed to make any real progress in explaining the observed structural transitions during adsorption/desorption. Possible enhancements of CO2 gas adsorption under supercritical pressure conditions are considered, together with the implications for future exploitation. In situ operando small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering, neutron diffraction and X-ray diffraction under relevant gas pressure and flow conditions are discussed with respect to previous studies, including ex situ, a priori single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure determination. The results show how this flexible MOF material responds structurally during CO2 adsorption; single or dual gas flow results for structural change remain similar to the static (Sieverts) adsorption case, and supercritical CO2 adsorption results in enhanced gas uptake. Insights are drawn for this representative flexible MOF with implications for future flexible MOF sorbent design.

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Kondo, Atsushi, Takuro Fujii et Kazuyuki Maeda. « Tuning of gate adsorption : modification of a flexible metal–organic framework by secondary organic ligands ». Dalton Trans. 43, n^o 22 (2014) : 8174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4dt00116h.

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Li, Libo, Rajamani Krishna, Yong Wang, Jiangfeng Yang, Xiaoqing Wang et Jinping Li. « Exploiting the gate opening effect in a flexible MOF for selective adsorption of propyne from C1/C2/C3 hydrocarbons ». Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, n^o 3 (2016) : 751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09029f.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Flexible MOF"

Klein, Nicole. « Synthese und Charakterisierung neuer mesoporöser und flexibler metallorganischer Gerüstverbindungen und deren Anwendung als Gasspeichermaterialien ». Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-98526.

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Die Entwicklung und Synthese im Bereich neuartiger poröser Systeme, im speziellen Metallorganische Gerüstverbindungen (engl.: Metall-organic Frameworks; MOFs), wird weltweit in vielen Forschergruppen intensiv bearbeitet. Aufgrund der Möglichkeit, dass sich die Materialeigenschaften individuell designen lassen und letztendlich spezifische Eigenschaften für eine ausgewählte Anwendung bereitgestellt werden können, stellen MOFs für einen weiten Forscherkreis eine interessante Materialienklasse dar. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit stand die Synthese von neuartigen MOFs im Vordergrund, welche geeignete Eigenschaften für eine effiziente Speicherung von Gasen im Nieder- als auch im Hochdruckbereich besitzen. Dabei wurde zum einen Augenmerk auf die Synthese mesoporöser MOF-Systeme gelegt. Hier lag die größte Herausforderung darin, die erhaltenen hochporösen Materialien in einer stabilen gastfreien Form zu erhalten. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt war die Untersuchung von flexiblen MOF-Verbindungen und deren Eigenschaften in Abhängigkeit der Synthesebedingungen und der adsorbierten Spezies. Auf Basis der Copolymerisation verschiedener multifunktioneller Linkermoleküle konnten zwei mesoporöse Verbindungen und dazugehörige Isomorphe synthetisiert werden (DUT-6, DUT-23; DUT = Dresden University of Technology). Mit diesen Verbindungen konnte über die Kombination von unterschiedlich funktionellen Linkermolekülen eine erhöhte Netzwerkstabilität und damit einhergehend erhöhte Porosität erhalten werden. Sämtliche Verbindungen zeigen ausgezeichnetes adsorp-tives Verhalten und können aufgrund ihrer verschiedenen Eigenschaften in Bereichen der Hochdruckadsorption, Katalyse oder enantioselektiven Trennung Einsatz finden. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurde das flexible Verhalten der „pillar-layer“ Verbindungen DUT-8(M) (M = Ni, Co, Zn, Cu) näher untersucht. Diese isomorphe Reihe zeichnet sich durch ihre hohe Netzwerkflexibilität in Abhängigkeit der integrierten Gastmoleküle sowie dem vorliegendem Metall-Dimer aus. DUT-8(M) zeigt unterschiedliche Adsorptionseigenschaften und unterschiedliches Stabilitäts- sowie Flexibilitätsverhalten.

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Schneemann, Andreas, Volodymyr Bon, Inke Schwedler, Irena Senkovska, Stefan Kaskel et Roland A. Fischer. « Flexible metal–organic frameworks ». Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-149990.

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Advances in flexible and functional metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), also called soft porous crystals, are reviewed by covering the literature of the five years period 2009–2013 with reference to the early pertinent work since the late 1990s. Flexible MOFs combine the crystalline order of the underlying coordination network with cooperative structural transformability. These materials can respond to physical and chemical stimuli of various kinds in a tunable fashion by molecular design, which does not exist for other known solid-state materials. Among the fascinating properties are so-called breathing and swelling phenomena as a function of host–guest interactions. Phase transitions are triggered by guest adsorption/desorption, photochemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli. Other important flexible properties of MOFs, such as linker rotation and sub-net sliding, which are not necessarily accompanied by crystallographic phase transitions, are briefly mentioned as well. Emphasis is given on reviewing the recent progress in application of in situ characterization techniques and the results of theoretical approaches to characterize and understand the breathing mechanisms and phase transitions. The flexible MOF systems, which are discussed, are categorized by the type of metal-nodes involved and how their coordination chemistry with the linker molecules controls the framework dynamics. Aspects of tailoring the flexible and responsive properties by the mixed component solid-solution concept are included, and as well examples of possible applications of flexible metal–organic frameworks for separation, catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine.

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TERRUZZI, STEPHANIE. « MULTIVARIATE FLEXIBLE METAL ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS : THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONALIZED LINKERS, HETEROGENEITY AND DEFECTS IN ADSORPTION PROCESSES ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/933630.

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Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a class of synthetic porous crystalline materials based on metal ions connected through spacing ligands. They possess interesting properties such as, high porosity, high concentration of metal centers, flexibility, etc., which are difficult to find in conventional porous materials. As a result of these unique features, MOFs can maintain porous structures upon removal, inclusion, exchange, or reaction of a wide selection of molecular guests, making them useful for applications in selective gas adsorption/separation. Furthermore, a number of MOFs have the ability to respond to specific stimuli such as host-guest interactions, temperature or pressure change, light, etc. To date, most of the applications of these flexible MOFs is related to gas-storage and selective adsorption/separation, but it was soon recognized that the responsive properties of these materials have enormous potential in many areas, a really interesting example are NPs@MOFs composites which can be used to design novel “smart” heterogeneous catalysts capable of reversibly adapt to substrates and/or respond to regulating stimuli (e.g. reversible structural transitions upon adsorption of guest molecules). The work within this thesis is divided into two parts. The first one focuses on the understanding of the host-guest interactions during adsorption processes in highly stable, rigid, porous metal-organic frameworks. of formula Fe2(BDP)3x(BDP-NH2)3(1-x) (x = 0, 0.5, 1) with H2BDP-NH2 = 2-amino[1,4-bis(1Hpyrazol- 4-yl)benzene]. Their investigation was performed through a multi-technique approach exploiting high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction (HR-PXRD), advanced gas adsorption measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, the host-guest interactions during CO2 adsorption were studied via in situ HR-PXRD dosing CO2 in certain pressure ranges at different temperatures and compared between functionalized and bare systems. Rietveld refinements of the diffraction data collected at each pressure point was used to understand the preferential adsorption sites occupied by the gaseous probe and the host–guest interactions, as well as the breathing behaviour, whose mechanism was not yet completely described in the literature. The metal ion and ligand functionalization modulate the sorption properties of these materials, enhancing their affinity to CO2 molecules. Finally, new flexible, multivariate MOFs of general formula Zn(BDP)0.5(BDP-X)0.5 (X = NH2 or NO2) were synthesized. The deep characterization of the adsorption properties and the structural features of these materials will be crucial to understand the relation between the structural flexibility, functionalization degree and crystal size, with the gas adsorption and separation properties. The second part of this thesis describes a family of pillar-layered MOFs of general formula [M2(fubdc) 2P]n with M2+ = Zn2+, fu-bdc2- = diversely functionalised 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and how catalytically inert nanoparticles (silica NPs, 30 nm) can be embedded into the microporous ordered MOFs structures, obtaining hybrid materials where the NPs represent typically a meso-scale “defect” or “heterogeneity” to the system. In particular, the work was focused on the comparison between the plain MOFs and the new composite materials NPs@MOF. The parent [Zn2(bdc)2(dabco)]n is only weakly flexible, whereas the substituted frameworks [Zn2(fu-bdc)2(dabco)]n (with fu = DM, 2,5-bis(methoxy)- 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate or BME, 2,5-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) contract significantly upon guest removal to a narrow pore (np) form and expand again (lp form) upon adsorption of DMF, EtOH, or CO2, etc. In contrast, N2 is hardly adsorbed and does not open the narrow pore form. These “breathing” dynamics are attributed to the dangling side chains present on the linkers, which interact with mobile guest molecules as well as with themselves and with the framework backbone. The samples were characterized by a variety of techniques: PXRD, FTIR, TGA, DSC, EFTEMEDX, TEM tomography, UV-Vis and PL spectroscopy, standard N2 (77 K) and CO2 (195 K) gas adsorption experiments with the objective of understanding the connection between defects, disorder with flexibility. The in‐depth and in situ structural and spectroscopic characterization carried out, especially gas adsorption and variable temperature PXRD experiments, revealed interesting differences in the flexible behaviour between the parent MOFs and the NPs@MOFs.

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Kolbe, Felicitas, Simon Krause, Volodymyr Bon, Irena Senkovska, Stefan Kaskel et Eike Brunner. « High Pressure In Situ ¹²⁹Xe NMR Spectroscopy : : Insights into Switching Mechanisms of Flexible Metal-Organic Frameworks Isoreticular to DUT-49 ». American Chemical Society, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72507.

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Flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are capable of changing their crystal structure as a function of external stimuli such as pressure, temperature, and type of adsorbed guest species. DUT-49 is the first MOF exhibiting structural transitions accompanied by the counterintuitive phenomenon of negative gas adsorption (NGA). Here, we present high pressure in situ ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopic studies of a novel isoreticular MOF family based on DUT-49. These po-rous materials differ only in the length of their organic linkers causing changes in pore size and elasticity. The series encompasses both, purely microporous materials as well as materials with both, micropores and small mesopores. The chemical shift of adsorbed xenon depends on xenon-wall interactions and thus, on the pore size of the material. The xenon adsorption behavior of the different MOFs can be observed over the whole range of relative pressure. Chemical shift adsorption/desorption isotherms closely resembling the conventional, uptake-measurement based isotherms were obtained at 237 K where all materials are rigid. The comparable chemical environment for adsorbed xenon in these isoreticular MOFs allows establishing a correlation between the chemical shift at a relative pressure of p/p₀ = 1.0 and the mean pore diameter. Furthermore, the xenon adsorption behavior of the MOFs is studied also at 200 K. Here, struc-tural flexibility is found for DUT 50, a material with an even longer linker than the previously known DUT-49. Its structural transitions are monitored by ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopy. This compound is the second known MOF showing the phenomenon of negative gas adsorption. Further increase in the linker length results in DUT-151, a material with interpenetrated network topology. In situ ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopy proves that this material exhibits another type of flexibility compared to DUT-49 and DUT-50. Further surprising observations are made for DUT-46. Volumetric xenon adsorption measurements show that this non-flexible microporous material does not exhibit any hysteresis. In contrast, in situ ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopically detected xenon chemical shift isotherms exhibit a hysteresis even after longer equilibration times than in the volumetric experiments. This indicates kinetically hindered re-distribution processes and long-lived metastable states of adsorbed xenon within the MOF persisting at the time scale of hours or longer.

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Hoffmann, Herbert C. « NMR-SPEKTROSKOPIE AN FLEXIBLEN UND CHIRALEN METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS (MOFs) ». Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-149597.

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Es wurden verschiedene NMR-spektrokopische Messungen an flexiblen und chiralen MOFs durchgeführt. Zur Untersuchung der Porensysteme kamen 129Xe-NMR und 13C-NMR an adsorbiertem CO2 zum Einsatz, während die MOF-Gitter und ihre Wechselwirkungen mit adsorbierten Gastmolekülen mittels 13C- und 1H-MAS-NMR-Spektroskopie studiert wurden. Während DUT-8(Ni) Flexibilität zeigt, weist DUT-8(Cu) ein starres Gitter auf. Die Flexibilität der sogenannten Solid-Solutions hängt in ausgeprägter Weise vom Verhältnis der funktionalisierten bdc-Linker 2,5-bme-bdc und db-bdc ab. Dieses Verhältnis hat zudem einen großen Einfluss auf die Orientierung der adsorbierten CO2-Moleküle. Es wurde erstmals eine Methode vorgestellt, die den Festkörper-NMR-spektroskopischen Nachweis chiraler Seitengruppen in chiralen MOFs erlaubt, wie anhand des chiral modifizierten UMCM-1 (ChirUMCM-1) demonstriert wurde. Die Chiralität kann einen NMR-spektroskopisch messbaren Einfluss auf die intrinsische Dynamik des MOF-Gitters ausüben, wie am chiral modifizierten DUT-32 deutlich wurde, dessen chirale Seitengruppe selektiv 15N- und 13C-isotopenmarkiert wurde.

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PEREGO, JACOPO. « Functional Porous Materials : Tailored Adsorption Properties, Flexibility and Advanced Optical Applications ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/263593.

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L'attività di ricerca si è occupata della progettazione, sintesi e caratterizzazione di materiali porosi. Diverse linee di ricerca sono state perseguite. Materiali porosi per l'assorbimento selettivo e lo stoccaggio di gas. Le proprietà di una serie di polimeri porosi organici sono state studiate attraverso misure di assorbimento di gas e misure di risonanza magnetica nucleare dello stato solido in presenza di una fase gassosa per comprendere la natura delle interazioni tra le molecole ospiti e le pareti dei canali. In particolare, si è verificata l'elevata energia di interazione tra le molecole di anidride carbonica e gruppi amminici alifatici che genera un'efficiente trasferimento di magnetizzazione tra gli idrogeni del gruppo amminico e il carbonio dell'anidride carbonica. Polimeri iper-reticolati porosi e polimeri organici porosi sono stati studiati mediante assorbimento di metano ad alta pressione (fino a 180 bar) per possibili applicazioni per lo stoccaggio di gas naturale in presenza di reticoli porosi (ANG). Durante il periodo all'estero presso il Bernal Institute sotto la supervisione del Prof. M.J. Zaworotko mi sono occupato dello sviluppo di una serie di framework metallo-organici che presentano flessibilità strutturale. In presenza di un opportuno gas o vapore i reticoli sintetizzati danno luogo a una transizione di fase tra una fase compatta e una fase porosa in maniera repentina. Questo meccanismo è attualmente molto studiato per le possibili applicazioni nell'ambito dello stoccaggio e separazione dei gas. Reticoli metallo-organici contenenti rotori molecolari. Due nuovi reticoli porosi metallo-organici sono stati sviluppati e le loro proprietà di assorbimento e termiche sono state caratterizzate. Inoltre, i due sistemi contengono un rotore molecolare molto mobile anche alle basse temperature come dimostrato da esperimenti di risonanza magnetica nucleare dello stato solido. Materiali porosi per applicazioni nella fotonica. Sono stati sintetizzati alcuni materiali organici covalenti contenenti difenilantracene. Questi campioni presentano elevata resa quantica di fotoluminescenza. In dispersione e in presenza di un sensibilizzatore opportuno questi materiali danno vita ad un fenomeno di up-conversion dovuto all'annichilazione di tripletto con efficienze fino al 15 %. Inoltre, legando chimicamente il sensibilizzatore al reticolo poroso è possibile ottenere dei sistemi per up-conversion autonomi. Infine, nanocristalli di reticoli metallo-organici porosi sono stati cresciuti e le loro proprietà di foto- e radioluminescenza sono state investigate approfonditamente. Inoltre, questi cristalli, dispersi all'interno di una matrice polimerica, sono stai utilizzati per sviluppare degli innovativi scintillatori ibridi per la rivelazione di raggi x e gamma.
The research activity focused on the design, synthesis and characterization of porous organic and hybrid materials. Porous materials for selective gas adsorption and storage. Tailored porous organic frameworks bearing different functional groups have been investigated via gas adsorption analyses and in situ spectroscopic techniques to understand the interaction between the guest phase and the primary adsorption sites installed on pore walls. Specifically, aliphatic amines interact strongly with carbon dioxide molecules resulting in an isosteric heat of adsorption as high as 54 kJ/mol at low loading and this close-contact interaction has been characterized with 2D heterocorrelated NMR sppectroscopy. Hyper.crosslinked polymers and porous organic frameworks have been synthetized and their performance towards high pressure (up to 180 bar) methane adsorption have been evaluated to assess their potential applications in adsorbed natural gas technology (ANG). During a period at Bernal institute (Limerick, Ireland) under the supervision of Prof. M. J. Zaworotko, I developed novel switching metal-organic frameworks that display guest-induced phase transitions between close phases and a porous open phase. During the close to open phase transitions the coordination sphere of the zinc cations inside the structures changes from a square pyramidal to a tetrahedral geometry. Moreover, the threshold pressure for gas adsorption can be manipulated through a mixed-linker approach. These materials are currently investigated for applications in gas storage and separation. Metal-organic frameworks with intrinsic dynamics. Metal organic frameworks built up with rigid aliphatic linkers have been developed and their adsorptive and thermal properties fully characterized. These materials display ultra-fast rotational dynamic even at very low temperature. An in-depth solid state NMR study has been conducted to understand the fast rotation of the organic strut and the influence of guest species hosted inside the pores on its dynamic. Organic and hybrid materials for photonic applications. Emitting porous aromatic frameworks (ePAFs) nanoparticles containing highly fluorescent diphenylanthracene moieties have been developed. This materials display high photoluminescence quantum yield and a fast exciton diffusion inside the amorphous framework. When these nanoparticles are suspended in a solution of a suitable sensitizer the mixture display highly efficient sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation up-conversion with quantum yield up to 15 %. Moreover, PAFs with integrated sensitizers (i-ePAFs) display sensitized up-conversion working as an autonomous nanodevice. Metal-organic frameworks with diphenylanthracene units and zirconium oxo-hydroxo clusters have been developed and their luminescence and radioluminescence have been characterized. These nanocrystals have been embedded in polymeric matrixes to generate efficient and innovative scintillating materials with fast response for x-ray and gamma-ray detection.

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Grünker, Ronny, Irena Senkovska, Ralf Biedermann, Nicole Klein, Martin R. Lohe, Philipp Müller et Stefan Kaskel. « A highly porous flexible Metal–Organic Framework with corundum topology ». Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-138599.

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A flexible Metal–Organic Framework Zn4O(BenzTB)3/2 (DUT-13) was obtained by combination of a tetratopic linker and Zn4O6+ as connector. The material has a corundum topology and shows the highest pore volume among flexible MOFs
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich

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Grünker, Ronny, Irena Senkovska, Ralf Biedermann, Nicole Klein, Martin R. Lohe, Philipp Müller et Stefan Kaskel. « A highly porous flexible Metal–Organic Framework with corundum topology ». Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27762.

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A flexible Metal–Organic Framework Zn4O(BenzTB)3/2 (DUT-13) was obtained by combination of a tetratopic linker and Zn4O6+ as connector. The material has a corundum topology and shows the highest pore volume among flexible MOFs.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

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Sauvagnat, Karen. « Mod`ele flexible pour la Recherched'Information dans des corpus dedocuments semi-structur´es ». Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359579.

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La nature de sources d'information évolue, et les documents numériques
traditionnels ” plats ” ne contenant que du texte s'enrichissent d'information
structurelle et multimédia. Cette ´évolution est accélérée par l'expansion du
Web, et les documents semi-structurés de type XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
tendent à former la majorité des documents numériques mis à disposition
des utilisateurs. Le développement d'outils automatisés permettant un
accès efficace à ce nouveau type d'information numérique apparaît comme une
nécessité. Afin de valoriser au mieux l'ensemble des informations disponibles,
les méthodes existantes de Recherche d'Information (RI) doivent être adaptées.
L'information structurelle des documents peut en effet servir à affiner le concept
de granule documentaire. Le but pour les Systèmes de Recherche d'Information
(SRI) est alors de retrouver des unités d'information (et non plus de documents)
pertinentes à des requêtes utilisateur. Afin de répondre à cette problématique
fondamentale, de nouveaux modèles prenant en compte l'information structurelle
des documents, tant au niveau de l'indexation, de l'interrogation que de
la recherche doivent être construits.
L'objectif de nos travaux est de proposer un modèle permettant d'effectuer des
recherches flexibles dans des corpus de document semi-structurés. Ceci nous
a conduit à proposer le mod`ele XFIRM (XML Flexible Information Retrieval
Model ) reposant sur : (i) Un modèle de représentation des donn´ees générique,
permettant de modéliser des documents possédant des structures différentes ;
(ii) Un langage de requête flexible, permettant à l'utilisateur d'exprimer son
besoin selon divers degrés de précision, en exprimant ou non des conditions
sur la structure des documents ; (iii) Un modèle de recherche bas´ee sur une
m´ethode de propagation de la pertinence. Ce modèle a pour but de trouver les
unités d'information les plus exhaustives et spécifiques répondant à une requête
utilisateur, que celle-ci contienne ou non des conditions de structure. Les documents
semi-structurés peuvent être représentés sous forme arborescente, et
le but est alors de trouver les sous-arbres de taille minimale répondant à la
requête. Les recherches sur le contenu seul des documents sont effectuées en
prenant en compte les importances diverses des feuilles des sous-arbres, et en
plaçant ces derniers dans leur contexte, c'est à dire, en tenant compte de la
pertinence du document. Les recherches portant à la fois sur le contenu et la
structure des documents sont effectuées grâce à plusieurs propagations de pertinence
dans l'arbre du document, et ce afin d'effectuer une correspondance
vague entre l'arbre du document et l'arbre de la requête.
L'´evaluation de notre modèle, grâce au prototype que nous avons d´eveloppé,
montre l'intérêt de nos propositions, que ce soit pour effectuer des recherches
sur le contenu seul des documents que sur le contenu et la structure.

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Khuong, Trung Thuy. « Etude des propriétés d'adsorption d'hydrocarbures de composés organométalliques poreux flexibles ». Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20021/document.

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Ce travail décrit l'étude de différents paramètres qui influent sur les propriétés d'adsorption de composés poreux organométalliques (MOFs). Nous avons utilisé les techniques de volumétrie et de gravimétrie d'adsorption et les systèmes adsorbables sont la série des alcanes linéaires (du n-pentane au n-nonane). Les solides étudiés sont les MIL-47(V), MIL-53(Cr, Al, Fe), les MIL-53(Fe)-X modifiés et la série MIL-88(Fe)-A, B, C. Parmi les nombreuses conclusions de cette étude, nous pouvons en détailler plusieurs : (i) la flexibilité des MIL-53(Cr, Al, Fe), rendue possible par la présence de µ2-OH coordinés aux centres métalliques, dépend de l'identité des centres métalliques et de celle de l'adsorbable. (ii) la modification chimique, par substitution d'un atome d'hydrogène porté par les noyaux aromatiques des ligands, induit une variation dans le degré de flexibilité des structures et dans la stabilité des différentes phases. (iii) la nature des ligands, dans la série des MIL-88(Fe), en termes de nombre de noyaux aromatiques constituent les ligands, modifie les interactions physiques au sein des réseaux organométalliques ce qui a un effet sur leur stabilité et leur flexibilité.(iv) la facilité de la diffusion des alcanes linéaires, de longueur différente, dans les pores des solides dépend notamment des points développés ci-dessus
This study describes a study of the adsorptive properties of several flexible porous organometallic frameworks (MOFs) using the volumetric and gravimetric methods and apolar normal alkanes (n-pentane to n-nonane) as adsorbate molecules. The materials studied are MIL-47(V), MIL-53(Cr, Al, Fe), the modified MIL-53(Fe)-X and the MIL-88(Fe)-A, B, C.This allows the study of different parameters on the behaviour of the solids during the adsorption process. Amongst the findings of this study, several can be emphasized :(i) the flexibility of the MIL-53(Cr, Al, Fe), made possible by the presence of µ2-OH coordinated to the metal centres, depends on the identity of the metal centres and that of the adsorbate.(ii) the chemical modification by the substitution of a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ligands of the MIL-53(Fe) induces a change in the degree of flexibility of the framework and the stability of the various phases.(iii) the nature of the ligands in the MIL-88(Fe) series, in terms of the number of the aromatic rings comprising the linker, changes the physical interactions within the framework and thus its stability and flexibility.(iv) the ease of diffusion into the pores of the alkanes of various alkyl chain length depends on the three points mentioned above

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Livres sur le sujet "Flexible MOF"

Kukulska-Hulme. Mobile Learning : A Handbook For Educators and Trainers (The Open and Flexible Learning Series). Routledge, 2005.

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Mason, Jeffrey. Mom & Me Let's Learn Together Journal for Kids : The Mother and Child Shared Activity Book That Teaches Flexible Thinking, Self-Growth, and a Positive Mindset, While Building Confidence and Self-Esteem. EYP Publishing, LLC, 2022.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Flexible MOF"

Goyal, Charu, Anuj Kumar, Ghulam Yasin et Ram K. Gupta. « MOFs-Derived Metal Oxides-Based Compounds for Flexible Supercapacitors ». Dans Smart and Flexible Energy Devices, 501–17. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003186755-27.

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Mohanty, Ankita, et Ananthakumar Ramadoss. « A Concise Summary of Recent Research on MOF Based Flexible Supercapacitors ». Dans Current and Future Developments in Nanomaterials and Carbon Nanotubes, 141–58. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815050714122030011.

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This book chapter elucidates the recent works accomplished in the platform of flexible/wearable supercapacitor devices based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) electrodes. Comprehensive insight into various types of supercapacitors, the advantage of MOF-based flexible supercapacitors among them, classifications of MOF-based flexible supercapacitors concerning their building blocks, and recent research accomplished with their pros and cons are illustrated. Finally, the performance assessment, strategies to improve efficiency, and future perspectives are briefed.

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Park, Gene, Saori N. Katada, Giacomo Chiozza et Yoshiko Kojo. « Abenomics and the Break with the BOJ Orthodoxy ». Dans Taming Japan's Deflation, 161–75. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501728174.003.0008.

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This chapter addresses how Prime Minister Abe Shinzō circumvented the monetary policy network by changing the membership of the Policy Board and how he reoriented monetary policy to reflect his reflationary priorities. Upon coming to power, Prime Minister Abe launched his Abenomics agenda based on a strategy of “three arrows”: expansionary monetary policy, flexible fiscal policy (stimulus followed by longer-term fiscal consolidation), and supply-side focused structural reforms. To push his agenda further and to lock changes in, Prime Minister Abe changed the leadership at the Bank of Japan (BOJ). He appointed Kuroda Haruhiko, a former Ministry of Finance (MOF) vice minister of international affairs who had long been an outspoken critic of the BOJ, as governor. Upon becoming governor, Kuroda moved the Policy Board to embrace an aggressive approach to combating deflation. Since the start of Governor Kuroda's much bolder deployment of unconventional monetary policy, a number of economic measures have shown improvement.

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Coombes, D. S., R. G. Bell, C. Mellot-Draznieks, N. A. Ramsahye et G. Maurin. « Derivation of new interatomic potential for flexible metal-organic frameworks : a pre-requisite for understanding swelling under adsorption conditions. » Dans From Zeolites to Porous MOF Materials - The 40th Anniversary of International Zeolite Conference, Proceedings of the 15th International Zeolite Conference, 918–25. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(07)80940-2.

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Al-Abri, F., E. A. Edirisinghe et C. Grecos. « Parameter Based Multi-Objective Optimization of Video CODECs ». Dans Applied Signal and Image Processing, 288–308. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-477-6.ch017.

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This chapter presents a generalised framework for multi-objective optimisation of video CODECs for use in off-line, on-demand applications. In particular, an optimization scheme is proposed to determine the optimum coding parameters for a H.264 AVC video codec in a memory and bandwidth constrained environment, which minimises codec complexity and video distortion. The encoding/decoding parameters that have a significant impact on the performance of the codec are initially obtained through experimental analysis. A mathematical formulation by means of regression is subsequently used to associate these parameters with the relevant objectives and define a Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) problem. Solutions to the optimization problem are reached through a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). It is shown that the proposed framework is flexible on the number of objectives that can jointly be optimized. Furthermore, any of the objectives can be included as constraints depending on the requirements of the services to be supported. Practical use of the proposed framework is described using a case study that involves video content transmission to a mobile hand.

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Cristea, Alexandra I., et Craig Stewart. « Automatic Authoring of Adaptive Educational Hypermedia ». Dans Web-Based Intelligent E-Learning Systems, 24–55. IGI Global, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-729-4.ch002.

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Adaptive Hypermedia (AH) can be considered the solution to the problems arising from the “one-size-fits-all” approach to information delivery prevalent throughout the WWW today. Adaptive Educational Hypermedia (AEH) aims to deliver educational content appropriate to each learner, adapted to his or her preference and educational background. The development of AEH authoring tools has lagged behind that of delivery systems. Recently, AEH authoring has come to the fore, with the aim of automating the complex task of AEH authoring, not only within a system but also porting material between different AEHs. Advances in intra-system automation are described using the LAOS framework, whereby an author is only required to create a small amount of educational material that then automatically propagates throughout the system. Advances in inter-system conversions are also described; the aim is to move away from a “create once, use once” authoring paradigm currently in force with most AEH systems, towards a “create once, use many” paradigm. The goal is to allow authors to use their content in the AEH delivery system of their choice, irrespective of the original authoring environment. As a step along this road, we describe the usage of a single authoring environment (MOT) to deliver content in three independently-designed Educational Hypermedia systems—AHA!, WHURLE and SCORM-compliant Blackboard. Therefore, this chapter describes advances in automatic authoring and conversion towards a simple and flexible AEH authoring paradigm.

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Fernandes, Eduardo, Carlos Viegas Damásio et João Moura Pires. « Creating a forest disturbance dataset for continental Portugal ». Dans Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 122–29. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_19.

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Quality data is of the utmost importance to effectively evaluate any classification technique. In the realm of remote sensing, more precisely forest disturbance, different studies use different custom datasets. This short paper shows the methodology used to create a forest disturbance dataset for continental Portugal. The dataset contains 664 forest points generated from a stratified random sampling based on the tree species and climate zone that cover continental Portugal. Every point contains the auxiliary data used and a thorough list of all years where a disturbance occurs and the respective reason for the disturbance; the years span from 1986 until 2019. The analysis was done with the Google Earth Engine platform for a fast and flexible solution, tailored to the datasets needs. To complement the satellite time series, four auxiliary datasets were used to understand the cause of the disturbances and increase confidence. The resulting dataset shows known difference among various parts of the county. The south has a higher concentration of rejected data points due to its low-density forests. While the north area of the study contains a bigger number of points with multiple disturbances, the south is exactly the opposite with and abundance of undisturbed points. These asymmetries are also reflected on the species present in these different regions. This dataset may be of interest for studies that need to evaluate forest disturbance techniques, or even changepoint detection techniques, finally it may also be useful in studying that focus on differentiating types of forest recovery. The dataset is available in GitHub at https://github.com/EduardoFAFernandes/portuguese-forest-disturbance-dataset/ This work has been partially supported by project Floresta Limpa (PCIF/MOG/0161/2019).

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Flexible MOF"

CHEN, RENZHE, MINGLIANG JIANG, NEGAR KALANTAR, MICHAEL MORENO et ANASTASIA MULIANA. « Creating Flexible Structures Out of MDF Plates ». Dans American Society for Composites 2018. Lancaster, PA : DEStech Publications, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc33/26181.

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Kubota, Tatsuya, Takashi Katagiri et Yuji Matsuura. « All-fiber imaging system for ultra-thin flexible endoscope based on compressed image reconstruction ». Dans 2019 24th Microoptics Conference (MOC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/moc46630.2019.8982870.

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Miyachi, Shunya, Yoshihiro Kubota, Osamu Mochizuki et Kunio Shimada. « Measurement Wall Shear Stress Using MCF Rubber ». Dans ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5641.

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Abstract The purpose of this study is the development of an elastic sensor for the measurement of wall shear stress induced by flow. We used a flexible sensor by MCF rubber. The MCF is named of Magnetic Compound Fluid. This functional material can be measured the force by change of electric conductivity with a deformation. The experiments were carried out with the basis of rotational viscometer. The results with MCF sensor sense the decreasing of wall shear stress with the decelerating the flow gradually. The results suggest the good responsivities for the force measurement.

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Lee, Juho, Joosik Lee, Heon Joo Lee et YounKil Kang. « Characteristics Study of Mild-Detonating Fuse and Flexible Linear Shaped Charge for Metal Plate Cutting ». Dans ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11110.

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Abstract In many types of spacecraft and missile systems, the vehicle’s skin cutting are carried out by using the mild-detonating fuse (MDF) or the flexible linear shaped charge (FLSC). MDF is a very thin metal tube that filled with explosive charges and has an axisymmetric shape. FLSC is an inverted chevron-shaped flexible tube that generates hypervelocity jet to penetrate or cut thick metal structures. In this study, the characteristics of MDF and FLSC for metal plate cutting are identified. First, the fracture mechanisms due to MDF and FLSC are numerically analyzed in 2-D plane strain using ANSYS AUTODYN, one of commercial hydrocodes. By using proposed numerical scheme, the effects of the cutting methods and the design parameters on cutting performance, fragmentation and backward shock waves are studied; the pros and cons of MDF and FLSC for metal plate cutting are clarified. The numerical method and the results of this study provide the guidelines to select metal plate cutting method and help to establish the design method for optimal metal plate cutting; the number of the expensive explosive experiments can be reduced.

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Lee, Pil-Ho, Haseung Chung, Patrick Steven McCormick, Patrick Kwon, Hoa Nguyen, Yuhang Yang et Chenhui Shao. « Experimental and Statistical Study on Magnetic-Field Assisted Finishing of Mold Steel Using Nano-Scale Solid Lubricant and Abrasive Particles ». Dans ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6544.

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Magnetic field-assisted finishing (MAF) is a surface quality enhancing process that utilizes a flexible brush composed of ferrous metal and abrasive particles. This paper experimentally and statistically investigates the characteristics of a MAF process with nano-scale solid lubricant. A new MAF tool was developed by integrating iron and abrasive particles, and nano-scale solid lubricant. In this experiment, the optical microscopic images of the surface are obtained to measure the surface roughness resulting from MAF processes with varying the content of abrasive particles and the presence of nano-scale solid lubricant. Furthermore, spatial statistics techniques are used to quantitatively evaluate the quality of the surface resulting from each combination of MAF parameters. It is demonstrated that the size and type of abrasive particles mainly affect MAF process and the newly developed MAF tool with nano-scale solid lubricant can improve the final surface quality.

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Li, Kanghua, Chao Chen et Jiang Tang. « Flexible Sb2Se3 solar mini-module for IoT application ». Dans Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C. : OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acpc.2021.m5f.5.

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DARNAL, ARYABHAT, ZARYAB SHAHID, JIWAN HAN, MICHAEL MORENO et NASTASIA MULIANA. « VISCOELASTIC RESPONSES OF MDF KERF STRUCTURES ». Dans Thirty-sixth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc36/35749.

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Medium-density fiberboard (MDF), comprised of chopped wood fibers and epoxy resin is commonly used in building construction. Given the current trend in freeform architecture, there is a need to generate complex geometric structures out of common construction materials. In this study, kerfing (relief cutting) method is used to create flexible and moldable shapes out of relatively rigid wood panels. The kerf panels can be easily formed into various complex shapes for outdoor facades and/or indoor paneling. The natural wood fibers and epoxy resin in MDF combine to produce a viscoelastic composite material that exhibits time-dependent changes in mechanical behavior, i.e., material stiffness/compliance. The work described herein comes from a study designed to develop a better understanding of the viscoelastic response of kerf unit cells and panels. Experimental creep tests were performed on dog-bone specimens under uniaxial loading conditions1in order to determine the viscoelastic response of the MDF. The experimental results were used to develop a model to be used in simulations. The simulations were carried out on a kerf unit cell, e.g., a square interlocked kerf, and kerf structures of complex geometries in order to investigate the time-dependent changes in the deformations of the kerf structures. From this study, a systematic design of kerf panels with complex shapes will be developed in order to minimize the time-dependent changes of kerf structures.

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Zhu, Ziyi, Yiwen Shen, Yishen Huang, Alexander Gazman, Maarten Hattink et Keren Bergman. « Flexible Resource Allocation Using Photonic Switched Interconnects for Disaggregated System Architectures ». Dans Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C. : OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2019.m3f.3.

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D’Amico, Andrea, Bertrand Le Guyader, Florian Frank, Esther Le Rouzic, Erwan Pincemin, Antonio Napoli, Han Sun, Bernhard Spinnler, Nicolas Brochier et Vittorio Curri. « GNPy Experimental Validation for Nyquist Subcarriers Flexible Transmission up to 800 G ». Dans Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2022.m4f.6.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Flexible MOF"

Adams, M. L., et G. Alonso-Vargas. Studies of Flexible MOX/LEU Fuel Cycles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/4276.

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Padhye, Suyash, Isaiah Mwamba, Kyubyung Kang, Samuel Labi et Makarand Hastak. Safety, Mobility, and Cost Benefits of Closing One Direction of the Interstate in Rural Areas During Construction Work. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317345.

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With specific regard to interstates in the rural area, Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) has expressed a need for research that sheds light on this Maintenance of Traffic (MOT) issue so the agency [INDOT and the contractor] can make informed decisions regarding the crossover sections versus the closure in one direction with detour roads. A number of studies have investigated the advantages and disadvantages of various MOT strategies; however, there is no specific study that can help INDOT traffic engineers and design engineers make decisions by comparing direct and indirect benefits of crossovers and detours (full lane closures). This research examined the advantages and disadvantages of entirely closing one direction of traffic over traditional work zone techniques (such as partial lane closure through median crossover) from the perspectives of the agency, road users, and the community. In the case of full closure, the study (a) examined the alternative MOT strategies and best practices through an extensive literature review and survey of agencies (b) investigated risk, benefit, and costs associated with selected detour routes (c) validated the identified critical factors through case studies in Indiana and at other states, and (d) implemented best practices in an expected project to evaluate the safety, mobility, and cost benefits of closing one direction. Through the literature review and four case studies, eleven KPIs for MOT strategy developments were identified. This study prioritized these KPIs through the survey questionnaire. The top five KPIs are (1) safety, (2) mobility, (3) budget constraint, (4) project duration, (5) complexity of project sites. Based on these KPIs and other findings presented in Section 4.3.3, this study has proposed a comparison tool for predetermined MOT strategies in the form of a flow-chart. This tool is followed by the scores or weights associated with each KPI. These scores are normalized—i.e., the most important KPI which is safety, has the maximum weightage 1 and rest of the KPIs are weighed relatively. INDOT has a set of editable documents which are references for making MOT decisions. This proposed flow-chart tool will “walk” the INDOT team through the use of these spreadsheets corresponding to the identified KPIs through this study. It will be at the discretion of the INDOT team as to which KPIs are relevant to the situation at hand. Therefore, the flow-chart tool is flexible to incorporate the dynamic nature of MOT strategy selection.

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