Thèses sur le sujet « Flamenco music »

About three years ago I started developing a project from Classical to Flamenco music with the clarinet as the main voice. There is a mix of music with basically two styles in the project in a concert form. I approached a new style that was not mine, and with some work of exploration I have been learning how to play and connect with it from a classical perspective into the flamenco style and tradition.This work is based on research of the tradition. I have been exploring the history of this art to understand how it has evolved and the main characteristics. After this, I looked for classical musicians who started to learn flamenco and got some inspiration for my project.The last part is the action phase, where I started to make the project real and what the process looked like. This work concludes with the results of the practical part and a discussion about how I would like to develop this project in the future.

Inspelningen av konserten startar efter några minuter.

About three years ago I started developing a project from Classical to Flamenco music with the clarinet as the main voice. There is a mix of music with basically two styles in the project in a concert form. I approached a new style that was not mine, and with some work of exploration I have been learning how to play and connect with it from a classical perspective into the flamenco style and tradition.This work is based on research of the tradition. I have been exploring the history of this art to understand how it has evolved and the main characteristics. After this, I looked for classical musicians who started to learn flamenco and got some inspiration for my project.The last part is the action phase, where I started to make the project real and what the process looked like. This work concludes with the results of the practical part and a discussion about how I would like to develop this project in the future.

Inspelningen av konserten startar efter några minuter.

Are the Germans interested in flamenco nowadays? If so they are, then how can a type of art that is so different from both German cultured and popular music be represented in the culture of that country? Possible answers to this and other questions on the still romantic image of flamenco held in Central Europe, will be provided by the analysis of the flamenco being offered at German universities, festivals, private dance schools, publishing houses and websites.

Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation interrogates the notion of flamenco identity in order to establish a case for the existence of a legitimate flamenco identity outside of Spain, and specifically in South Africa. Verification of the existence of a legitimate flamenco sub-culture in South Africa would add gravitas to the practise of flamenco by South Africans (as well as other outsiders across the globe), helping to shift the unspoken parameters governing who has the right to teach and perform flamenco, and which criteria might be used to decide this.

A presente pesquisa trata da utilização da improvisação como recurso didático para o ensino e aprendizagem da guitarra flamenca possibilitando ganhos qualitativos na técnica instrumental, na percepção e na interatividade nas aulas e apresentações coletivas. A proposta metodológica teve como suporte teórico proposições de Hans-Joachim Koellreutter, Teca Alencar de Brito, Rogério Costa, Chefa Alonso e Vinko Globokar na área de educação musical e práticas de improvisação e Pierre Schaeffer referente à escuta do objeto sonoro. Na pesquisa de campo, foram realizadas aulas experimentais com um grupo de alunos compostas por atividades de improvisação, conteúdos da música e técnica da guitarra flamenca, além de questionários.
This research deals with the use of improvisation as a didactical resource for the teaching and learning of flamenco guitar allowing qualitative gains in instrumental technique, in perception and in interaction in class and collective presentations. The methodology proposal has been supported by theoretical propositions of Hans-Joachim Koellreutter, Teca Alencar de Brito, Rogério Costa, Chefa Alonso and Vinko Globokar in the area of music education and practice of improvisation, as well as of Pierre Schaeffer referred to the listening of the sound object. In field research, experimental classes were conducted with a group of students and they were composed of improvisational activities, of music content and of flamenco guitar technique, besides some questionnaires.

Flamenco is a passionate style of song and dance accompanied by guitar. Its origin may be traced to the Moorish occupation of Spain, which began in the eighth century, and it continues to flourish in the southern Spanish region of Andalucia. This treatise will explore the structure and character of Flamenco and show how it influenced the twentieth-century Spanish classical composer Joaquin Turina in his five guitar works:(UNFORMATTED TABLE FOLLOWS): Fantasía Sevillana, Op. 23 (1923). Fandanguillo, Op. 36 (1926). Ráfaga, Op. 53 (1930). Sonata, Op. 61 (1931): Allegro, Andante, Allegro vivo. Homenaje a Tárrega, Op. 69 (1932): Garrotin, Soleares. (TABLE ENDS)

This thesis examines how the postmodern fusion of flamenco and non-flamenco elements in Rosalía's sophomore album, El mal querer (2018), not only justifies the artist's place within the "Experimental Generations" of flamenco fusion artists but also distances her from the rest. The thesis builds off the work of Carlos Morales Gálvez by centering its analyses around three of the album's video chapters; "Malamente," "Pienso en tu mirá," and "De aquí no sales." Through an exploration of the aural and visual manifestations of flamenco within these three video chapters, this thesis will first reveal how Rosalía aligns with other flamenco fusion artists through her ability to find a liminal space between flamenco's "traditions" and "innovations." The thesis will demonstrate how flamenco manifests itself in the album in ways that honor past forms and figures of flamenco while also cohabitating with non-flamenco elements in ways that allow it to adapt to the postmodern context of the album and the globalized context of our world. Then, through an analysis of the nature of flamenco's fusion with non-flamenco elements in the same three video chapters, the thesis will highlight the importance of Rosalía apart from other flamenco fusion artists. Unlike others, Rosalía's aural and visual melding of flamenco and non-flamenco elements creates an intertextual "universe" that gives global viewers the agency to create their own meanings alongside Rosalía.
Master of Arts
This thesis examines the ways in which Spanish artist Rosalía's usage of flamenco in her album El mal querer (2018) establishes her within a genealogy of flamenco fusion artists while also distancing her from that same genealogy. By exploring the presence of the art form within three of the album's video chapters, this thesis will first demonstrate that Rosalía, like other flamenco fusion artists, has found ways to honor flamenco's "traditions," meaning its past notable performers and artistic styles, while also allowing flamenco to continue evolving with the globalized world around it. Yet, by also exploring the nature of flamenco's fusion with other non-flamenco elements in the same three video chapters, this thesis will subsequently reveal that the implications of Rosalía's eclectic combination of flamenco with other art forms and cultural references distances her from other flamenco fusion artists. Her aural and visual fusion of many distinct artistic and cultural elements lead it to become a "universe" of meanings which encourages viewers from around the world to contribute their own interpretations.

Flamenco guitarist Paco de Lucía, taking advantage of the ongoing cultural revolution in Spain during the seventies decided to break from tradition by shaping ”Nuevo Flamenco” through flamenco-jazz ensemble ”Paco de Lucía Sextet”. Within its repertoire, the first regular flamenco bass-line: ”Monasterio de Sal”. Electrical bassist Carles Benavent would have a key role in this development, a trait seldom found in academical works of musicology. The aim of the present thesis is to partially fill this void while shedding some light on the revolutionary contributions of Benavent. In order to do so, studying relevant literature, listening to phonograms comparatively, transcribing/analyzing ”Monasterio de Sal” and interviewing Mr. Benavent himself were used as main methods. The conclusion has been drawn that there was barely any electrical bass in flamenco before Benavent and that his work with de Lucía (and later others) would entirely reform the way electric bass was perceived from within and outside this genre of music. It is of no less interest to observe that Benavents main influences for this endeavor were the principal figures of contemporary jazz-bass (Jaco Pastorius) and flamenco-guitar (Paco de Lucía) respectively, infusing ”Monasterio de Sal”, with meaningful historical value.

Numera Inti Oyarzun-Jonsson.

Are the Germans interested in flamenco nowadays? If so they are, then how can a type of art that is so different from both German cultured and popular music be represented in the culture of that country? Possible answers to this and other questions on the still romantic image of flamenco held in Central Europe will be provided by the analysis of the flamenco being offered at German universities, festivals, private dance schools, publishing houses and websites.

There are certain recordings by important artists such as Lionel Hampton, Miles Davis, John Coltrane, Pedro Iturralde, Chick Corea, and Paco de Lucía, among others, that have been associated with the label flamenco jazz. This label is entering jazz discourse, and it needs to be better understood in order to clarify its history, its identity, and its impact on recent developments in flamenco that are labeled nuevo flamenco. There is a lack of agreement in the existent literature on flamenco jazz on the evaluation of these recordings and these artists' achievements and contributions to this field. These writings encompass authors from different backgrounds: journalists, critics, and musicologists, who have approached their analysis of the recordings from different perspectives. The differences in professional backgrounds, approaches, and purpose of the writings of these authors has resulted in controversy about this label. Therefore, the flamenco jazz scholarly conversation needs more objective writings from an analytical point of view. This historiographical study presents a more comprehensive evaluation of flamenco jazz by discussing selected recordings using analytical tools from jazz studies. These analytical arguments clarify the aesthetics of flamenco jazz and the artistic processes that these artists went through when combining musical elements from flamenco and jazz, which in some cases are described as creative misreading. In this century of cultural globalization, where jazz has become a diverse expression of world music because of its capacity to absorb traits from other musical practices, this study can be a resource for international jazz musicians who are seeking to combine jazz with their musical cultural heritage.

Despite an international interest in flamenco music, there has not been much analytical work on the genre. In fact, flamenco music has only recently started to be notated, let alone be analyzed by music theorists. Due to its multi-cultural influence, flamenco music incorporates characteristics and trends from both Eastern and Western societies. Although its melodies are fundamentally derived from the Phrygian mode, the flamenco style includes alterations that create symmetrical pitch collections. In Concerto del Fuego, composer Loris O. Chobanian expands upon the Eastern and Western traditions by writing a twentieth-century concert piece that combines the flamenco harmonic and melodic language within a concert setting. The purpose of this document is to demonstrate how Loris O. Chobanian successfully exploits symmetrical collections that are inherent in traditional flamenco scales and cadences to create a concert piece.

Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of North Texas, 2004.
Accompanied by recitals, recorded in 1992, Apr. 23, 2001, and Nov. 17, 2003. Includes analysis by Fábregas. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-74).

Au cours du 20e siècle, la musique s'est affirmée comme un objet pertinent pour les géographies francophones et anglophones. Bien que ce constat s'accompagne aujourd'hui de publications nombreuses et variées, le sujet continue d'étonner à l'intérieur même de la discipline. Ce travail explore les causes d'un tel blocage. L'hypothèse suppose que l'affirmation de la musique comme objet géographique est responsable du paradoxe constaté. Si cette idée se vérifie lorsque la justification élaborée par les music geographers est à la source d'une forme d'inertie, elle montre surtout que l'enfermement d'un objet dans un sous-courant porte atteinte à sa liberté de circulation intradisciplinaire. Affirmer la pertinence du sujet sans pour autant restreindre l'objet à une sous-discipline implique alors la généralisation disciplinaire de la musique, puis sa pluridisciplinarisation. En guise de terrain, le flamenco illustre la complexité géographique d'un phénomène musical. La flamencologie historique s'est construite sur des oppositions et des incertitudes, principalement parce qu'elle a cherché à spécifier les caractéristiques de son objet. En travaillant le flamenco dans tous ses espaces, lieux et territoires, nous voyons qu'il fait converger divers points de vue, dans la tension ou dans la continuité. L'analyse des relations interspatiales permet de mieux saisir l'objet dans l'espace géographique. Ainsi, ses différentes dimensions (socioculturelle, économique et politique principalement) peuvent être réunies pour aborder les principes d'une action flamenca.

En el transcurs del programa de doctorat “Les figures de la Identitat” de Universitat de Barcelona em vaig adonar de la importància d’investigar la possibilitat de que els individus construeixin una identitat a partir de l’expressió musical. És un fet observable que la música és quelcom molt important en la vida d’algunes persones, i hom pot constatar com algunes actituds que estan relacionades amb la música sovint van més enllà de l’àmbit estrictament musical. Aquestes qüestions em van portar a formular la següent hipòtesi: La música és un mecanisme per a la construcció d’identitat. Per tal d’investigar aquesta hipòtesi vaig considerar que el flamenc (gènere musical originat en l’àmbit de la cultura popular, el qual fou originat a Andalusia el segle XVIII sota la influència de les idees romàntiques) podia ser un bon camp d’estudi. El treball està estructurat en tres apartats. El primer amb la introducció i la metodologia. El segon és un marc teòric on les reflexions giren entorn d’alguns conceptes relacionats amb la identitat i la cultura, fent referència a autors com Marvin Harris, Paul Ricoeur, Mijail Bajtin, Antonio Gramsci, Simon Frith, Gerhard Steingress, Joan-Elias Adell i Jaume Mascaró, entre d’altres, els quals han estat de molta utilitat per les qüestions identitàries, estètiques i musicals. En el tercer apartat investiguem el cas concret del flamenc, des del moment del seu naixement a finals del XVIII fins al que actualment s’anomena metaflamenc (o flamenc alliberat de les seves formes tradicionals), analitzant les característiques musicals, textuals, socials, ètniques i culturals, tot acabant amb una classificació de les diverses narratives de la identitat elaborades des del flamenc. La nostra investigació ens porta a considerar la possibilitat de que el flamenc, o altres gèneres musicals, siguin susceptibles d’una apropiació per part d’alguns individus que converteixi la vivència d’aquestes músiques en un “estil de vida”. Es tracta d’una decisió individual, però que es comparteix i s’alimenta amb actes col•lectius. Conclusions: 1. L’apropiació musical és una qüestió contemporània: Si la problemàtica de la identitat arriba amb la modernitat, la fonamentació d’identitats en la pertinença a un gènere musical és una qüestió contemporània. 2. L’element musical com a símbol definitori d’identitat: Considerem que això succeeix en el flamenc, però fonamentalment en l’àmbit contemporani. La música és susceptible de ser apropiada pels subjectes, i aquesta apropiació esdevé en el sentit més simbòlic, representatiu i identitari. Això és possible perquè la música, i en concret alguns gèneres musicals com el flamenc, tenen significació. La música, en tant que portadora d’ideologia i de valors pot contribuir a satisfer la construcció de la identitat dels subjectes, perquè en definitiva la identitat és un procés narratiu que ofereix amb intensitat una percepció del jo, del nosaltres i com dels altres. 3.Qüestions obertes sobre la continuïtat de l’element musical com a definitori d’identitat després de la societat contemporània. Avui la identificació generacional amb un gènere musical ha canviat i són molts els adolescents que escolten diversos gèneres musicals sense identificar-se amb cap gènere en concret. Entrant el segle XXI la música sembla tenir menys contingut i menys ideologia.
It’s a fact that music is something very important for some people’s life, and also that some attitudes which are related to the music very often go beyond the strict musical field. Based on this idea, and along the PHD program called “The figures of Identity” at Universitat de Barcelona, it seemed obvious the importance to investigate the possibility that persons could build an identity based in the music expression. These questions took to formulate the following adaptive: Music is a mechanism for the identity construction. In order to investigate this hypothesis, and coinciding with a moment of great projection of flamenco music (which came in Andalusia during the XVIII century under the influence of romantic ideas and in relation with what we call “popular music”), this seemed to be a good field to study. After the introduction, and based in some concepts taken from authors like Harris, Ricoeur, Bajtin, Gramsci, Frith, Steingress, Adell and Mascaró, among others, the second section tries to set the theoretical framework for concepts like identity, aesthetics and music matters. Along the third section there is an analysis and an interpretation of the flamenco itself, from its beginnings to the actual metaflamenco, explaining also the several identity narratives built from flamenco emic point of view. Our investigation takes us to considerate the possibility of appropriation that some people make with flamenco and with other music styles, converting the music experience in a “way of life”. The conclusions takes us to set that the music appropriation is a contemporary issue, and also that music element as a definitely symbol of identity for flamenco. Finally, the investigation takes us to raise open questions about continuity of music as a definitely symbol of identity after contemporary age.
La tesis aborda la posibilidad de considerar la música como un mecanismo para la construcción de identidad. Para esta investigación se ha tomado como campo de estudio el género musical originado en Andalucía en el siglo XVIII llamado “flamenco”. El marco teórico se fundamenta en la reflexión alrededor de los conceptos de identidad, cultura, expresión musical y cultura popular, con especial mención a algunos autores como Marvin Harris, Paul Ricoeur, Mijail Bajtin, Antonio Gramsci, Simon Frith, Gerhard Steingress, Joan-Elias Adell y Jaume Mascaró, entre otros. La metodología empleada comprende tanto el análisis textual y musical del “flamenco” como técnicas habituales de trabajo de campo. El análisis del “flamenco” se realiza con una revisión histórica desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Posteriormente se procede a interpretar las diversas narrativas de la identidad elaboradas desde el “flamenco”. Todo ello nos permite considerar la posibilidad de que el “flamenco”, y por extensión quizás otros géneros musicales, sean susceptibles de un proceso de apropiación por parte de algunos individuos que convierten la experiencia de estas músicas en un “estilo de vida”. CONCLUSIONES: 1. La apropiación musical es una cuestión contemporánea. 2. El elemento musical como símbolo definitorio de identidad: sucede en el “flamenco” en tanto que el ámbito contemporáneo posibilita la apropiación de la música por parte de algunos sujetos en el sentido más simbólico, representativo e identitario. 3. Cuestiones abiertas sobre la continuidad del elemento musical como definitorio de identidad después de la sociedad contemporánea.

Music was the first mass-market industry to be completely restructured by digital technology, and today we can have access to thousands of tracks stored locally on our smartphone and millions of tracks through cloud-based music services. Given the vast quantity of music at our fingertips, we now require novel ways of describing, indexing, searching and interacting with musical content. In this thesis we focus on a technology that opens the door to a wide range of such applications: automatically estimating the pitch sequence of the melody directly from the audio signal of a polyphonic music recording, also referred to as melody extraction. Whilst identifying the pitch of the melody is something human listeners can do quite well, doing this automatically is highly challenging. We present a novel method for melody extraction based on the tracking and characterisation of the pitch contours that form the melodic line of a piece. We show how different contour characteristics can be exploited in combination with auditory streaming cues to identify the melody out of all the pitch content in a music recording using both heuristic and model-based approaches. The performance of our method is assessed in an international evaluation campaign where it is shown to obtain state-of-the-art results. In fact, it achieves the highest mean overall accuracy obtained by any algorithm that has participated in the campaign to date. We demonstrate the applicability of our method both for research and end-user applications by developing systems that exploit the extracted melody pitch sequence for similarity-based music retrieval (version identification and query-by-humming), genre classification, automatic transcription and computational music analysis. The thesis also provides a comprehensive comparative analysis and review of the current state-of-the-art in melody extraction and a first of its kind analysis of melody extraction evaluation methodology.
La industria de la música fue una de las primeras en verse completamente reestructurada por los avances de la tecnología digital, y hoy en día tenemos acceso a miles de canciones almacenadas en nuestros dispositivos móviles y a millones más a través de servicios en la nube. Dada esta inmensa cantidad de música al nuestro alcance, necesitamos nuevas maneras de describir, indexar, buscar e interactuar con el contenido musical. Esta tesis se centra en una tecnología que abre las puertas a nuevas aplicaciones en este área: la extracción automática de la melodía a partir de una grabación musical polifónica. Mientras que identificar la melodía de una pieza es algo que los humanos pueden hacer relativamente bien, hacerlo de forma automática presenta mucha complejidad, ya que requiere combinar conocimiento de procesado de señal, acústica, aprendizaje automático y percepción sonora. Esta tarea se conoce en el ámbito de investigación como “extracción de melodía”, y consiste técnicamente en estimar la secuencia de alturas correspondiente a la melodía predominante de una pieza musical a partir del análisis de la señal de audio. Esta tesis presenta un método innovador para la extracción de la melodía basado en el seguimiento y caracterización de contornos tonales. En la tesis, mostramos cómo se pueden explotar las características de contornos en combinación con reglas basadas en la percepción auditiva, para identificar la melodía a partir de todo el contenido tonal de una grabación, tanto de manera heurística como a través de modelos aprendidos automáticamente. A través de una iniciativa internacional de evaluación comparativa de algoritmos, comprobamos además que el método propuesto obtiene resultados punteros. De hecho, logra la precisión más alta de todos los algoritmos que han participado en la iniciativa hasta la fecha. Además, la tesis demuestra la utilidad de nuestro método en diversas aplicaciones tanto de investigación como para usuarios finales, desarrollando una serie de sistemas que aprovechan la melodía extraída para la búsqueda de música por semejanza (identificación de versiones y búsqueda por tarareo), la clasificación del estilo musical, la transcripción o conversión de audio a partitura, y el análisis musical con métodos computacionales. La tesis también incluye un amplio análisis comparativo del estado de la cuestión en extracción de melodía y el primer análisis crítico existente de la metodología de evaluación de algoritmos de este tipo
La indústria musical va ser una de les primeres a veure's completament reestructurada pels avenços de la tecnologia digital, i avui en dia tenim accés a milers de cançons emmagatzemades als nostres dispositius mòbils i a milions més a través de serveis en xarxa. Al tenir aquesta immensa quantitat de música al nostre abast, necessitem noves maneres de descriure, indexar, buscar i interactuar amb el contingut musical. Aquesta tesi es centra en una tecnologia que obre les portes a noves aplicacions en aquesta àrea: l'extracció automàtica de la melodia a partir d'una gravació musical polifònica. Tot i que identificar la melodia d'una peça és quelcom que els humans podem fer relativament fàcilment, fer-ho de forma automàtica presenta una alta complexitat, ja que requereix combinar coneixement de processament del senyal, acústica, aprenentatge automàtic i percepció sonora. Aquesta tasca es coneix dins de l'àmbit d'investigació com a “extracció de melodia”, i consisteix tècnicament a estimar la seqüència de altures tonals corresponents a la melodia predominant d'una peça musical a partir de l'anàlisi del senyal d'àudio. Aquesta tesi presenta un mètode innovador per a l'extracció de la melodia basat en el seguiment i caracterització de contorns tonals. Per a fer-ho, mostrem com es poden explotar les característiques de contorns combinades amb regles basades en la percepció auditiva per a identificar la melodia a partir de tot el contingut tonal d'una gravació, tant de manera heurística com a través de models apresos automàticament. A més d'això, comprovem a través d'una iniciativa internacional d'avaluació comparativa d'algoritmes que el mètode proposat obté resultats punters. De fet, obté la precisió més alta de tots els algoritmes proposats fins la data d'avui. A demés, la tesi demostra la utilitat del mètode en diverses aplicacions tant d'investigació com per a usuaris finals, desenvolupant una sèrie de sistemes que aprofiten la melodia extreta per a la cerca de música per semblança (identificació de versions i cerca per taral•larà), la classificació de l'estil musical, la transcripció o conversió d'àudio a partitura, i l'anàlisi musical amb mètodes computacionals. La tesi també inclou una àmplia anàlisi comparativa de l'estat de l'art en extracció de melodia i la primera anàlisi crítica existent de la metodologia d'avaluació d'algoritmes d'aquesta mena.

The traditional cante jondo is a song unique to Andalusia as it developed from the "mosaic" of cultures that have inhabited its borders, including Arabs, Jews and Gypsies. The genre expresses the history of the region, reveals the typography of the landscape and cries the tears of its people. "Deep song," the translation for cante jondo, is the forerunner of the flamenco, but it is a communication of a dark soul rather than an exuberant entertainment. The original folk idiom is a medium less concerned with beauty than the cathartic release of pain of every day life. It expresses the soul of Andalusia. This study explores the history and the poetic and musical forms Andalusian cante jondo as the inspiration for the poetry of Federico Garcia Lorca set by Elisenda Fabregas in the song cycle, Five Poems of Garcia Lorca (1992). Lorca felt the validity of "deep song" and he was disturbed that it was being corrupted by commercialism and was afraid it would be lost to posterity. His goal was to preserve the essence of the song and lift it to an artistic plain. He saw folk music as the core of the national musical and literary identity in Germany, France and Russia and worked to establish Spain as an artistic equal. Lorca's writings were not imitations of the traditional cante jondo. They echoed the history, the landscape and the tears, but they did so through symbolism and vivid imagery. The poet communicated on several levels, one as a voice of Andalusia, Spain and ultimately mankind and another with his own private message. His life was short, but his legacy is long. Fabregas, like Lorca, has taken a folk medium and expanded it beyond its original boundaries. Being of Spanish heritage, but not Andalusian, she is less committed to the local musical constraints. She felt the humanity in Lorca's poetic cries and expressed them through her own language. As a result her songs are intensely dramatic and are exciting pieces to perform.

Hear Color and See Sound - What happens when I combine flamenco guitar and film in a live performance? This master thesis explores the combination of two art forms. The purpose is to use live projections to enhance my guitar composition with movie. My research question is: what happens when I combine flamenco guitar and film in a live performance? I explore if visual qualities add a deeper meaning to my instrumental music by experimenting with color science and video telling/editing techniques. I’ve tested through surveys and live performances if the audience perceive my music differently, by showing contrasting footage or footage that synchronize with my musical compositions. Resulting in an exam concert where I control the prerecorded video compositions with a touch screen interface through the video-jockey software Resolume, while also performing the music (which have been timed for the videos) live together with a flamenco singer and dancer.

In recent years, flamenco has been consolidated as a prominent symbol of regional identity in Andalusia, the southernmost region of Spain. In the late 1970s, Spain began to decentralise into seventeen autonomous regions. As a result, each region has been encouraged to foreground its own culture vis-à-vis national culture. Although associated with Spain in general, flamenco has fulfilled the role of regional identity building in Andalusia. Increasingly, the Andalusian Government has focused attention on the development of flamenco within and outside of the region. In this thesis, I explore this relationship between flamenco and regional identity in Andalusia. In doing so, I draw upon the theoretical tenets of political geography. Through scholarly exchange, I argue that political geographers and ethnomusicologists can learn much about the relationship between music and regional identity. I use flamenco as a pertinent case study of this relationship in the European context. In particular, I discuss the role that governmental institutions play in the ‘regionalisation’ (Schrijver 2006) of flamenco (that is, the institutional development of flamenco as an ‘official’ symbol of regional identity). However, I argue that at times the regionalisation process can be disputed and subverted. Accordingly, I contend that regionalism (that is, the bottom-up identification with a region) in Andalusia is a fragmented concept. By examining the contexts, the discourses and the styles associated with flamenco, I present alternative readings of regionalism in Andalusia. Drawing upon virtual ethnography and traditional ethnography in Granada, I examine the reception and the production of flamenco at a local level as well as at a regional level. Arguably, some flamenco scholars present a somewhat rigid understanding of the relationship between flamenco and regional identity. By offering different readings of regionalism through flamenco, I reveal the complex and contested relationship between flamenco and identity in southern Spain.

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The main objective of this research is to formulate interpretative principles and proposals from a comprehensive bibliographic study of folklore and stylistic elements of Spanish music. This research is established from a melodic and structural analysis of the Suite for Solo Cello by Gaspar Cassado, from the performer s perspective, since the work is based on melodies and rhythms of Spain, as well as cultural elements of the Catalonia region. New interpretative challenges are established from the determination of stylistic features of the Suite, considering the composer s origin and his compositional influences.
O principal objetivo desta investigação é formular princípios e propostas interpretativas a partir de um amplo estudo bibliográfico dos elementos folclóricos e estilísticos da música espanhola. Esta pesquisa se estabelece a partir de uma análise melódico-estrutural da Suíte para Violoncelo Solo, de Gaspar Cassadó, sob a perspectiva do intérprete, uma vez que a obra está baseada em melodias e ritmos nacionais da Espanha, como também em elementos culturais da região da Catalunha. Novos desafios interpretativos são estabelecidos a partir da determinação de características estilísticas da Suíte, considerando a origem do compositor e suas influências composicionais.

A lo largo de los años, la cinematografía ha ido evolucionando de manera radical, adaptándose a diferentes propuestas y estéticas que año tras año van evolucionando. Una extensión de ella viene a ser el videoclip, formato por el cual grandes artistas relacionados a la industria musical han tenido la oportunidad de distribuir y generar interés en los espectadores. Con el tiempo, este mismo también ha ido evolucionando, siendo uno de los formatos más importantes a utilizar por la industria musical. Si bien las diferentes propuestas, tanto en el cine como para los videos musicales tienen inspiración de terceros para su realización, una de las técnicas, poco utilizada, pero aún presente, es la adaptación del texto a un formato visual, siendo esta mucho más común en la industria cinematográfica. Esto lleva a cuestionar el por qué esta técnica no se ve mucho en la propuesta para la realización de videoclips, siendo estos una modalidad de poder expresar, a través de la música y la letra de las canciones, una historia mucho más enriquecedora. El presente trabajo busca exponer y describir, a partir de un arduo proceso de observación y análisis, la adaptación de un texto a una propuesta visual, siendo Flamenca, un libro occitano del siglo XIII, y el video musical “Di mi nombre”, de la artista española Rosalía, nuestros objetos de investigación, demostrando así cuál es la representación que se le puede dar a un texto antiguo a una propuesta visual contemporánea.
Through the years, cinematography has evolved radically, adapting to different proposals and aesthetics that evolve year by year. An extension of it comes to be the videoclip, format by which great artists related to the music industry have had the opportunity to distribute and generate interest in viewers. Over time, this one has also evolved, being one of the most important formats used by the music industry. While the different proposals, both in the cinema and for music videos, have inspiration from third parties for their realization, one of the techniques, not that common, but still present, is the adaptation of the text to a visual format, being this one much common in the film industry. This leads to question why is this technique not seen much in the proposal for videoclips, being this ones a way to be able to express, through the music and lyrics of songs, a story much more enriching. The present work seeks to expose and describe, from an arduous process of observation and analysis, the adaptation of a text to a visual proposal, being Flamenca, an Occitan book of the thirteenth century, and the music video "Di mi nombre", by the Spanish artist Rosalía, our research objects, demonstrating what representation can be given to an ancient text to a contemporary visual proposal.
Trabajo de investigación

In questa tesi il mio obiettivo è analizzare l’album El mal querer (2018) della cantante Rosalía, astro nascente della musica spagnola, proponendo inoltre una traduzione verso l’italiano della canzone Que no salga la luna (Cap.2: Boda). Il mio intento è presentare questo lavoro musicale dal punto di vista dei contenuti e del processo creativo che ha portato alla sua nascita per poi passare ad analizzare non solo i brani dai quali il disco è formato ma l'intero universo artistico e culturale che lo circonda. In particolare, mi occuperò di individuare i numerosi collegamenti che l’album presenta con il romanzo occitano Roman de Flamenca, al quale la cantante si è ispirata creando un fil rouge concettuale che attraversa tutte le canzoni che lo compongono. Lo studio esaminerà il contesto musicale nel quale l’album è stato creato e successivamente proporrò la mia traduzione, fornendo un’analisi del metodo utilizzato e sottolineando le diverse difficoltà e i problemi affrontati con la traduzione. Analizzerò, a seguire, i simboli e le tematiche presenti nel libro prima citato, in considerazione del fatto che la cantante li ha inseriti sia nei testi dei brani dell’album che nel video musicale e nelle immagini grafiche di cui l’album è corredato.

À la charnière entre les XIXe et XXe siècles, alors que la question de l’identité nationale se pose avec acuité en Espagne, la guitare y est à maintes reprises évoquée comme « l’instrument national ». Ce lieu commun se révèle finalement être un symbole paradoxal d’une identité encore en débat. Tandis que le cliché caricature la réalité en la simplifiant, les pratiques de la guitare se diversifient au contraire pendant la Restauration, en raison des transformations techniques de l’instrument et de l’évolution de la musique populaire, classique et flamenca. La composition en 1920 par Manuel de Falla de la première pièce pour guitare soliste (Hommage à Debussy) et l’organisation du Premier Concours de Cante Jondo à Grenade en 1922 attestent la progressive reconnaissance de l’instrument. Pourtant, la multiplication des imprimés, favorisée par la loi de liberté de la presse (1883), donne lieu à de nombreuses représentations littéraires et plastiques de la guitare qui ne reflètent pas fidèlement ces mutations. Elles mettent surtout en lumière son caractère populaire, andalou, voire flamenco, et sa capacité à imprégner l’imaginaire. Publiées dans des périodiques andalous ou madrilènes, ces œuvres influencent la réception de l’instrument : celui-ci est à la fois apprécié par un public de plus en plus large, méconnu car il est absent des musées et des institutions, et rejeté selon des critères sociaux et moraux en raison de sa présence dans des lieux décriés. Pourtant, même lorsque le stéréotype est contesté, la guitare revêt une dimension symbolique originale, ancrée dans le quotidien, qui se manifeste à travers l’émotion qu’elle suscite
During the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries, when the question of national identity is continuing to develop in Spain, the guitar is repeatedly mentioned as the “national instrument”. This platitude ultimately proves to be a paradoxical symbol of an identity that is still under debate during this period. While stereotypical descriptions caricature the reality by oversimplifying it, on the contrary, guitar practices diversify during the Restoration, because of technical changes in the instrument and the evolution of folk, classical and flamenco music. The composition in 1920 by Manuel de Falla of the first piece for solo guitar (Homenaje a Debussy) and the organization of the First Contest of the Cante Jondo in Granada in 1922 testify to the gradual recognition of the instrument. Yet the proliferation of printed matter, favored by the freedom of the press law (1883), gives rise to numerous literary and visual representations of the guitar that do not accurately reflect these changes. They mostly bring out its popular, Andalusian and even flamenco character, and its ability to impregnate the imagination. Published in periodicals in Madrid or Andalusia, these works influence the reception of the instrument: it is both appreciated by an increasingly wide audience, disregarded for being absent from museums and institutions, and rejected by social and moral standards because of its presence in decried places. Yet, even when this stereotype is disputed, the guitar takes on an original symbolic dimension, rooted in everyday life, which manifests itself through the emotions it provokes
En la bisagra entre los siglos XIX y XX, cuando la cuestión de la identidad nacional se planteaba con intensidad en España, se aludió muchas veces a la guitarra como el “instrumento nacional”. Este lugar común aparece como un símbolo paradójico de una identidad todavía en debate. Mientras que el cliché caricaturiza la realidad simplificándola, las prácticas de la guitarra, por el contrario, se diversificaron durante la Restauración, debido a las transformaciones técnicas del instrumento y a la evolución de la música popular, clásica y flamenca. La composición en 1920 por Manuel de Falla de la primera obra para una guitarra solista (Homenaje a Debussy) y la organización del Primer Concurso de Cante Jondo en Granada en 1922 dan fe del progresivo reconocimiento del instrumento. Sin embargo, la multiplicación de los impresos, favorecida por la Ley de Policía de Imprenta (1883), dio lugar a numerosas representaciones literarias y plásticas de la guitarra que no reflejaban fielmente esas mutaciones, sino que destacaban, sobre todo, su carácter popular, andaluz e incluso flamenco, y su capacidad de impregnar todo el imaginario colectivo español. Publicadas en periódicos andaluces o madrileños, estas obras influyeron en la recepción del instrumento que, apreciado por un público cada vez más amplio, resultaba también desconocido, por su ausencia en museos e instituciones, al mismo tiempo que era rechazado según criterios sociales y morales por su presencia en lugares considerados deshonrosos. No obstante, incluso cuando se critica el estereotipo, la guitarra posee una dimensión simbólica, enraizada en lo cotidiano, que se manifiesta a través de la emoción que suscita