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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Finland – Social condition – History »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Finland – Social condition – History"

Häkkinen, Antti. « The Great Famine of the 1860s in Finland : An Important Turning Point or Setback ? » Journal of Finnish Studies 21, n^o 1-2 (1 novembre 2018) : 156–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.21.1.2.07.

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Abstract In this article, the Finnish Great Famine of the 1860s will be discussed from a number of perspectives. First, using the famine classification developed by Howe and Devereux (2007), it is analyzed at four levels: mortality rate, food supply, coping strategies, and social breakdown. The main finding is that, although the criteria of severe famine conditions were fulfilled in certain parts of the country, at the local level authorities showed competence and the local government organized help in the desperate conditions. Second, the reasons behind the famine will be considered from the point of view of the structural and event history models (Arnold 1988). I will argue that the flow of events cannot be explained without adopting both of the approaches. The system theory approach (Howe and Devereux 2004; Howe 2010) will be connected with the long-term structural explanations (Mokyr 1985). The events can be seen as a process, where different factors strengthened one another, and the culmination point came in May 1868. Third, and finally, the Great Hunger Years of the 1860s will be discussed in the overall historical context: should the famine be considered as a notable turning point in Finland's history interpretation, or was the event a harmful temporary setback on the road to national social and economic prosperity? The latter view seems to be true. The famine impoverished the country, postponed the adoption of new technology and means of production, and proved how vulnerable the one-sided, agriculturally based national economy was.

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Kinnunen, Marja-Liisa, Jaakko Kaprio et Lea Pulkkinen. « Allostatic Load of Men and Women in Early Middle Age ». Journal of Individual Differences 26, n^o 1 (janvier 2005) : 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001.26.1.20.

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Abstract. The present longitudinal study investigated three aspects of allostatic load, a long-term negative consequence of physical responses to stress: (1) sex differences in allostatic load in early middle age, (2) associations between career stability history and allostatic load, and (3) relationships between allostatic load and health problems. Participants consisted of 62 men and 55 women from the ongoing Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, Finland. Allostatic load was the sum of eight parameters (dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, 12-h urinary norepinephrine, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and waist-to-hip ratio) for which the participant fell into the high-risk quartile. Results showed that 41.9% of men and 21.8% of women had an elevated allostatic load at age 42. Participants with preceding unstable career assessed prospectively at age 36 had an over three-fold risk for high allostatic load six years later compared to participants with a stable career history; sex, alcohol consumption, and smoking were adjusted for in the models. Furthermore, participants with high allostatic load reported having more psychosomatic symptoms. The results reveal that an unstable career as a long-term stressful life condition may have long-lasting effects on health.

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Classon Frangos, Mike, et Anna Nordenstam. « Introduction ». European Comic Art 15, n^o 1 (1 mars 2022) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2022.150101.

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This special issue of European Comic Art presents articles on the diversity of contemporary feminist comics in the Nordic region. The Nordic countries have seen an explosion in feminist comics and graphic novels since the first decade of the twenty-first century. In Sweden, feminist comics have become commercial successes, winning prestigious prizes, and appearing in exhibitions, Instagram, and other social media. Recently, a new generation of artists has entered the scene with a renewed focus on queer and intersectional issues. This special issue directs attention to feminist comic art throughout the Nordic region—with representation from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden—by established creators as well as emerging voices. The history of feminist comics can be traced back to the social movements of the 1970s, but the energy and creativity of contemporary feminist comics is new, reflecting both international trends and conditions specific to the region and to each national context.

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Heikkinen, Eino. « Background, Design, and Methods of the Evergreen Project ». Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 6, n^o 2 (avril 1998) : 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.6.2.106.

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This paper provides a detailed description of the experimental design and chronology of the Evergreen Project, the aims of which were to profile the health and functional capacity of the elderly population of Jyväskylä, Finland, to examine changes in health and functional capacity over time, and to identify the factors related to living conditions and lifestyle that predict changes in functional capacity and health. Residents of Jyväskylä were invited to participate in a series of interviews and laboratory testing sessions. The interviews focused on (a) illnesses, the use of drugs, perceived health, symptoms, and psychosocial well-being, (b) physical and mental capacity and ADL functional capacity, (c) social togetherness and community activity, and (d) living conditions. lifestyle, and life history. The laboratory examinations assessed health status and drug use. anthropometric status, physical performance. sensory functions, perceptual-motor coordination, cognitive capacity and metacognitions. and neuropsychological functioning. A detailed breakdown of the participation and attrition rates, demographic characteristics, and normative data for each age cohort is provided.

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Cavalli, Alessandro, et Roberto Moscati. « Academic Systems and Professional Conditions in Five European Countries ». European Review 18, S1 (mai 2010) : S35—S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709990305.

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Despite the tendency to create a European Higher Education and Research area, academic systems are still quite different across Europe. We selected five countries (Finland, Germany, Italy, Norway and the UK) to investigate how the differences have an impact on a number of aspects of the working conditions of academic staff. One crucial aspect is the growing diversification of professional activity: reduction of tenured and tenure tracked position, the growing number of fixed-term contracts for both teaching and research, including the growing recruitment of academic staff from external professional fields. These changes are connected with the changing functions of higher education systems and signal the growing openness of higher education institutions to their outside social and economic environment. To understand these trends one has to take into consideration the different degree in which systems distinguish between teaching and research functions. A second aspect has to do with career paths, their regulation, their length and speed. Here, the history of recruitment and career mechanisms in different countries are of particular importance because the different systems went through different periods of change and stability. Also connected to career is the willingness and the opportunity to move from one position to another, both within and outside the academic world. A third aspect deserving attention that is connected to mobility is the professional satisfaction among academic staff in the five systems considered.

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PARTONEN, T., S. LEPPÄMÄKI, J. HURME et J. LÖNNQVIST. « Randomized trial of physical exercise alone or combined with bright light on mood and health-related quality of life ». Psychological Medicine 28, n^o 6 (novembre 1998) : 1359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798007491.

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Background. So-called atypical depressive symptoms (carbohydrate craving, prolonged sleep, weight gain, increased appetite) frequently emerge in association with low illumination to which people are ordinarily exposed indoors, or even outdoors at extreme latitudes in wintertime. Our objective was to analyse the effect of physical exercise alone or combined with bright light on mood and the health-related quality of life during winter.Methods. We carried out a randomized controlled trial on 120 indoor employees in southern Finland between November and January. The subjects were allocated to supervised fitness training under bright (2500–4000 lx) or ordinary (400–600 lx) light conditions in a gym 2–3 times weekly for 8 weeks, or supervised relaxation training once a week over the same period as active placebo. We collected questionnaire data on the changes in mood and health-related quality of life after 4 and 8 weeks of training, and after 4 months follow-up.Results. Fitness training in bright light resulted in greater relief from atypical depressive symptoms and more vitality than in ordinary room light. Compared with relaxation alone, the former regime improved general mental health and social functioning in addition to the improvement in depressive symptoms and vitality, whereas the latter only increased vitality.Conclusions. Supervised physical exercise combined with exposure to bright light appears to be an effective intervention for improving mood and certain aspects of the health-related quality of life in wintertime. This effect appears unrelated to the history of season-dependent symptoms, being noticeable among healthy individuals.

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PETRUSHENKO, YURIY, FEDIR ZHURAVKA, IRYNA MAREKHA et MARIYA NOVGORODCEVA. « INTERNATIONAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT FACTORS ». Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 294, n^o 3 (mars 2021) : 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-294-3-32.

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In the article, the authors analyze the scope of international tourism development factors based on factological and statistical grounds. It was proven in the article that on the macro-level tourist markets can be grouped into national and oversea ones. The classification of the national markets implies their division into highly-intensive markets (USA, Germany, Great Britain, etc.), stabilized markets (Spain, Greece, Turkey, Poland, etc.), reformed markets (Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, China, etc.), ant accumulated markets (India, Tunis, Egypt, Cuba, etc.). The basic factors affecting the international tourist market include static (climate, natural resources, cultural heritage, etc.) and dynamic ones (population, urbanization, wealth, family, leisure, income, spending, technological advancement, international conflicts and their resolution, etc.). In the article, special attention is paid to the analysis of the dynamic factors of international tourism development, social and economic ones in particular. The presence of positive factors in the country promotes favorable conditions for enhancing its tourist attractiveness on the international level. It was found out that positive factors increase the inflows of tourists for the specific regions (Brazil, France, Great Britain, Germany, Finland, Sweden, Cyprus, Israel, and U.A.E.). On the national level, the following factors are crucial for the development of tourist industry: natural resources, politics, population and its well-being, cultural heritage and rich history. It was revealed, that in Ukraine tourist business is internationally-oriented, which has both pros and cons for the national economy. In the article, the authors presented a matrix with positive (catalysts) and negative (inhibitors) factors affecting tourist business in Ukraine. Among the positive drivers are large contribution to the national economy and state financial support. At the same time, imperfect infrastructure and lack of legal regulations can be referred to the negative factors. It was stressed in the article that drastic measures should be undertaken in order to increase social and economic performance of national tourist business in Ukraine and increase it international image.

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Moring, Beatrice. « Marriage and social change in south-western Finland, 1700–1870 ». Continuity and Change 11, n^o 1 (mai 1996) : 91–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416000003106.

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Cet article traite du mariage, du ménage, de la mobilité sociale et des modèles migratoires sur la côte et dans les îles du sud-ouest de la Finlande. Au XVIIe siècle, la famille souche était prédominante dans la population rurale: c'était la conséquence du système d'héritage et des nécessités de l'economie paysanne. Mais, avec le XVIIIe siècle, les unions neo-locales (autrement dit la résidence indépendante du jeune couple) se multiplièrent, l'âge moyen au mariage des cultivateurs augmenta alors que celui des non-cultivateurs diminuait. Ces changements résultent à la fois de l'affaiblissement du système de transmission intégrale des exploitations, de l'introduction de la pomme de terre et de nouvelles techniques de pèche. A la fin du XVIIIe siècle, pour cette région, le modèle de nuptialité se rapproche de celui qu'Hajnal a défini pour l'Europe du Nord-Ouest.La génération née au milieu du XVIIIe siècle descendait pour moitié de paysans et appartenait encore à ce groupe au moment de la mort. La génération suivante n'en était issue que pour un peu plus du tiers, par suite de l'augmentation du nombre des paysans sans terre. Cependant la proportion de la population paysanne touchée par une descente sociale ne changea pas substantiellement avant 1820, alors que 80% des descendants de non-paysans ne connurent aucune mobilité sociale. On remarque en outre, trait important du modèle de mobilité en cause, que les femmes furent socialement plus mobiles que les hommes. On suggère que c'est la crainte d'une mobilité sociale descendante qui doit avoir encouragé les enfants de paysans à émigrer.

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Mäkelä, J. T., et M. Niskasaari. « Stoma Care Problems after Stoma Surgery in Northern Finland ». Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 95, n^o 1 (mars 2006) : 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145749690609500105.

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Background and Aims: Stoma-related complications and problems in stoma care are common after gastrointestinal surgery requiring the construction of a stoma. The frequency and types of such complications and problems were evaluated in a patient cohort operated on in Oulu University Hospital. Material and Methods: A detailed questionnaire concerning clinical problems and stoma care was mailed to 163 stoma patients operated on during the years from 1995 to 2001 in Oulu University Hospital. One hundred and nineteen patients (70 percent) answered the questions adequately. The clinical variables concerning stoma complications and the patients' symptoms, problems with stoma care and adaptation to the situation were recorded. Special attention was paid to the patients' general wellbeing and social problems. Results: Thirty-five patients (30%) had stoma complications, most commonly parastomal hernias (18 cases). Patients with an ileostomy had more difficulties with stoma handling more often than the patients with a colostomy. Seventy-eight patients (66%) were well adapted to their stoma, including 49 (72%) of the patients with a colostomy and 25 (56%) of the patients with an ileostomy. Of the 41 non-adapted patients, 12 did not accept their altered body image, ten had problems in social life and nine had difficulties because of faecal leakage. The quality of life analysis of 114 patients showed that their physical condition was better than before the operation in 55 cases (48%), unchanged in 16 (14%) and worse in 43 (38%). General mental health was better than before the operation in 52 cases (46%), unchanged in 23 (20%) and worse in 39 (34%) patients. Social functioning had improved after stoma surgery in 38 cases (34%), remained unchanged in 27 (24%) and deteriorated in 46 (42%) patients after stoma surgery. Patients with a colostomy reported worse subjective physical condition, mental health and social functioning than the patients with an ileostomy. Conclusions: Two-thirds of the patients had adapted to their stoma. The patients with an ileostomy had difficulties in stoma handling and the patients with a colostomy reported their physical, mental and social wellbeing to be affected.

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Modeen, T. « The Lapps in Finland ». International Journal of Cultural Property 8, n^o 1 (janvier 1999) : 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739199770645.

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The Lapps of Scandinavia constitute a small indigenous ethnic community divided between four states: Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. The Lapps used to depend on reindeer farming and lacked their own schools. Because of their low social status and the lack of governmental understanding for their cultural needs, most of the Finnish Lapps had been assimilated with the majority population. Only in recent years an effort has been made by the government to encourage the preservation of the Lapp language and the Lapp civilization. A Lapp parliament has been created and the Lapp Language Act makes it possible for the Lapps to communicate in their own language with the authorities. It is to be hoped that these measures will bring positive results in a situation where only few Lappish speaking people remain in Finland, many of them having difficulties finding a livelihood in their homeland, the northernmost part of Finland.

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Plus de sources

Thèses sur le sujet "Finland – Social condition – History"

Birky, Joshua. « The Modern Community Garden Movement in the United States : Its Roots, its Current Condition and its Prospects for the Future ». [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002878.

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Medeiros, Sooraya Karoan Lino de. « Lamurientas, faladeiras e mentirosas ? : um estudo sobre a condição social feminina no Quatrocentos português ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-26022008-133337/.

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Os registros medievais acerca das mulheres comumente reforçam uma idéia negativa do gênero feminino, delimitando seu espaço de ação ao privado e indicando o casamento como sua função primordial. Acreditamos, porém, que sem um cotejamento com os instrumentos de ação formais disponibilizados pelas mulheres, a aceitação tácita dos postulados oriundos da ética cristã para o conhecimento da condição social feminina leva-nos a uma compreensão não mais que parcial dos papéis desempenhados no conjunto social. Desta feita, para conhecermos a condição social das mulheres de 16 vilas e cidades da região da Estremadura portuguesa, no século XV, recorremos a documentos oficiais para descobrir os direitos postos a sua disposição pela legislação portuguesa. A análise da documentação leva-nos a inferir que a mulher, detentora de uma identidade jurídica identificada na legislação do reino, encontrava nos dispositivos legais enunciados pelo poder real os meios necessários para garantir a manutenção de seu direito à propriedade, bem como a certa liberdade para dispor de seus bens.
The medieval records about women usually strengthen the negative concept of the gender, restraining then to the domestic space and indicating the marriage as their main function. We believe, however, that the tacit acceptance of the postulates from the Christian ethic for the comprehension of women\'s social condition without analyzing the instruments they had would lead us to an understanding no more than partial of the rolls they played. Therefore, in our research we seek women in the XV century in 16 villages and towns from the Portuguese Estremadura, to find women in the public spaces we turned to official manuscript documents from Portuguese archives, to find their rights, to the royal legislation. The analysis of the documentation indicates that the women with a juridical identity could find in the legal devices the means to assure the maintenance of their right to properties as well as a certain freedom to administrate their possessions.

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Gendron, Catherine. « L’appartenance multiple comme condition de la construction des identités. L’exemple de la socialisation adolescente dans et par le rap français ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0021/document.

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L'adolescent ne peut se construire socialement qu'en sortant de l'histoire dans laquelle l'adulte l'a inscrit, pour se créer sa propre histoire. Mais sortir de l'histoire de l'Autre ne veut pas dire s'en défaire totalement, car nous n'échappons pas au poids de l'héritage. Il s'agit de s'approprier certains aspects de cette histoire héritée et d’en rejeter d'autres pour laisser la place à de nouveaux emprunts et appropriations qui ne peuvent s'actualiser que dans la relation à l'Autre. La construction de soi passe donc inévitablement par des tracés de frontières sociales toujours renégociées et concrétisées par la création et l'appropriation d'usages sociaux.Cette thèse a pour but d'analyser comment ces processus de construction identitaire se manifestent dans et par la construction de nouveaux usages ou par la réappropriation d’usages existants. Elle aura pour terrain d'observation les pratiques sociales en usage dans le rap français, musique d'adolescents par excellence, non seulement parce qu'écoutée, mais aussi et surtout parce que construite par des adolescents (généralement, on entre dans le rap en début d’adolescence).Il s'agira d’abord de montrer comment l’identité du rap français s’est construite, à la croisée d’histoires présentes et passées, en mettant en évidence la manière dont le rapport dialectique au principe de la personne impose à ces jeunes la construction de frontières particulières qui font d'eux ces rappeurs particuliers, par opposition aux non-rappeurs, mais aussi aux rappeurs non français, américains par exemple. Ensuite, il s’agira de comprendre pourquoi un certain type d’adolescents a fait le choix d’adhérer au monde du rap, et comment les pratiques rapologiques conditionnent la manière dont leur identité sociale se construit
In his identity building process, an adolescent has to establish a separation from family history in order to start building up his own. However, separating oneself from the Other’s history does not mean getting rid of it definitively, as nobody can escape the weight of social inheritance. It is mainly a question of appropriating some aspects of the inherited past while rejecting others to allow for new borrowings and appropriations, which is possible only through contact with others. Therefore, the construction of oneself clearly depends on the definition of social boundaries which are repeatedly negotiated and which find their expression in the creation and the appropriation of new social practices.The aim of this thesis is to analyse the identity construction process and especially the construction of new social practices – or the re-appropriation of existing ones – which formalise it. This will be done by observing some of those social practices which are typical of French rap as a kind of music mainly prized by adolescents: it is not only listened to but also practised by adolescents (they usually get into rap music at the very beginning of their teenage years).The first task will be to show that the identity of French rap is the result of multiple interferences between past and present cultures. The purpose is to highlight the force of the dialectical relationship which is central to the construction of the social being. Particular attention will be paid to this dialectical relationship as a key factor of the way these young people define themselves as a specific group of rappers, in contrast to those who do not belong to the rap world, but also in contrast to foreign rappers, such as American ones. Then, the objective will be to explain why certain teenagers have decided to be part of the rap world and how the rap practices determine their identity formation process

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Ouali, Nouria. « Migration et accès au marché du : les effets émancipateurs sur la condition des femmes issues de l'immigration ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210479.

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La thèse a pour objet l'émancipation des femmes issues de l'immigration. Elle propose d'évaluer les effets de la migration et de l'accès au marché du travail sur l'émancipation des filles de migrantes d'origine marocaine en Belgique francophone.

L'étude tente d'abord de mettre en lumière le rôle des femmes immigrées dans l'histoire de la Belgique en le ré-articulant à l'histoire sociale, l'histoire des femmes et l'histoire de l'immigration. Ensuite, elle montre que l'approche dominante des travaux sur les migrations ne prend pas en compte la dimension du genre, ce qui a pour conséquence de masquer la différenciation des expériences migratoires selon le sexe. Enfin, elle replace l'analyse du statut des femmes immigrées et de leurs descendantes dans la complexité des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe afin de mieux rendre compte des réalités concrètes et de sortir du simplisme des approches culturalistes.

La thèse développe une analyse des politiques d'intégration (politiques éducative, de l'emploi et de lutte contre les discriminations) visant l'émancipation des immigrées et en évalue l'impact sur les filles de migrant-es d'origine marocaine. Elle présente enfin les trajectoires individuelles des filles de migrant.es marocain.es et examine les facteurs individuels et collectifs favorisant leur émancipation.

Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Holmén, Janne Sven-Åke. « Den politiska läroboken : Bilden av USA och Sovjetunionen i norska, svenska och finländska läroböcker under Kalla kriget ». Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of History, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6748.

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During the Cold War, Norway was a member of NATO, Sweden was neutral but depended on Western support in the event of a crisis, while Finland's foreign policy priority was to win and retain the Soviet Union's confidence. The purpose of the thesis is to study whether the three small states' different foreign policy choices had consequences for the ways in which the Soviet Union and the USA were depicted in school textbooks for history, geography, and social sciences in the period 1930 to 2004. To this end, a theory derived from small states' strategies to maintain their independence was applied to textbook production.

The study demonstrates that there was a link between small state foreign policy and textbooks' accounts of the USA and Soviet Union. Swedish and Norwegian textbooks portray international conflicts from a legalistic perspective, taking the part of small states exposed to superpower aggression such as Vietnam and Afghanistan. In Finnish textbooks, however, an interest in defending small state's rights yielded to the need to demonstrate their goodwill towards the Soviet Union, which was described in far less critical terms than in Swedish and Norwegian textbooks. In time, in the name of neutrality, depictions of the USA also became increasingly uncritical.

All three Nordic states had government authorities charged with inspecting and approving school textbooks. Foreign policy's chief influence on textbooks was not effected by direct oversight, however; instead, it was established indirectly by means of the social climate, which determined what was considered politically correct in the three countries, and it was to this that the textbooks' authors adapted their work.

Textbooks are often said to be conservative and slow to change, but the thesis shows that in parts they were politically sensitive, rapidly adapting to changes in what society held to be politically correct.

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Piette, Valérie. « Servantes et domestiques : des vies sous condition ; essai sur la domesticité 1789-1914 ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212035.

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Jauhiainen, Veikko. « Åbo-tryck i Linköping : Beskrivning av finska disserationer från tiden 1642-1827 i Linköping och deras proveniens ». Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16943.

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In the old university of Turku there were written about 4 400 theses. About 1100 of them havefound their way to Linköping in Sweden. This paper describes these theses, new variants whichwere found and some characteristics of their provenance. They are compared with the largebibliography over theses from Turku by Vallinkoski. A couple of theses with completeinformation which have not been available since 1827 were found. Several new variants werefound and together with the known variants they have increased our knowledge about use oftheses by students. Different variants could be designed to thank people at the Academy and inTurku, to thank people at home in Sweden who have contributed to the costsome studies andvery often to the bishop of the students home-diocese. There are even examples of wbichdifferent variants were printed for different dioceses.Theses from time before 1713 are quite few, about 150. They seem to have come to the libraryby private persons, mostly by priests who studied in Turku. No signs of other forms of distributioncan be seen.There are many more theses from the period 1722-1827. The collection is anonymous withhundreds of theses which never have been opened. This and other facts indicate amassdistribution. The author presumes that this massdistribution is connected with the exchangeof publications that started in Sweden in the 1740s initiated by the Uppsala university.

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Myllykangas, M. (Mikko). « Rappeutuminen, tiedostamaton vai yhteiskunta ?:lääketieteellinen itsemurhatutkimus Suomessa vuoteen 1985 ». Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526204468.

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Abstract In recent years in Finland suicide has been discussed in the context of mental health problems. Together with psychiatric disorders, suicide has been seen as a result of adverse social conditions. Occasionally suicide has even been seen as a public health problem. This interpretation has been justified by Finland’s internationally high suicide rates. The inclusion of suicide in medical and psychiatric discussions as well as the production of scientific data on suicide through medical research have resulted in the widely accepted view of suicide as a medical problem. This thesis examines the history of Finnish medical suicide research and the production of psychiatric knowledge on suicide. Finnish suicide research dates back to the middle of the 19th century, when the conception of suicide as a scientific problem arrived in Finland from Continental Europe and the UK. Suicide remained a crime in the Finnish Penal Code until the early 1890s, but the idea of suicide as a medical, rather than moral, legal or theological issue gradually began to gain ground already in the early 19th century. By decriminalizing suicide the Grand Duchy of Finland followed the example set by the Western European countries. The early Finnish suicide research was linked to the French and the English debates on suicide. The emerging European medical conception of suicide was based on social beliefs, psychiatric discussions and early sociological theories rooted in statistical data. As part of the institutional and intellectual development of psychiatry, Finnish suicide research arrived at a new phase after the Second World War. The conception of suicide as an expression of national character or a product of racial characteristics gave way to a new conceptualization based on psychoanalytically oriented psychiatric research. In the 1970s, social psychiatric research began to look for the social determinants behind the suicide rates. This, in turn, prepared the ground for a nationwide suicide prevention project launched in the late 1980s. This thesis aims to shed light on the historical background of this project. The primary source material consists of documents related to Finnish medical suicide research and the discussion about suicide in medical journals in Finland from 1864 to 1985
Tiivistelmä Itsemurhasta on Suomessa viime vuosina ja vuosikymmeninä puhuttu mielenterveyden ongelmien yhteydessä. Psykiatristen häiriöiden ohella itsemurhat on nähty yhteiskunnallisten olosuhteiden sairastuttavan vaikutuksen tuloksena. Ajoittain itsemurhista on puhuttu jopa kansanterveysongelmana. Tulkintaa on perusteltu viittaamalla kansainvälisesti ja varsinkin länsimaihin verrattuna korkeisiin itsemurhalukuihin. Pelkkiin lukuihin katsominen ei kuitenkaan riitä jonkin ilmiön leimaamiseen terveysongelmaksi. Tulkinnan syntyminen on edellyttänyt lääketieteellisen tutkimuksen kautta syntynyttä tietoa sekä itsemurhailmiön kytkemistä osaksi lääketieteellistä ja psykiatrista keskustelua. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan suomalaisen lääketieteellisen itsemurhatutkimuksen historiaa ja itsemurhia koskevan tiedon tuottamista. Suomalaisen itsemurhatutkimuksen juuret ulottuvat 1800-luvun puoleen väliin, jolloin käsitykset itsemurhasta tieteellisenä ongelmana rantautuivat Suomeen Manner-Euroopasta ja Isosta-Britanniasta. Tulkinta itsemurhasta pikemminkin lääketieteellistä kuin moraalista, juridista tai teologista käsittelyä edellyttävänä ilmiönä alkoi voittaa alaa 1800-luvun kuluessa. Dekriminalisoidessaan itsemurhan 1890-luvulla Suomen suuriruhtinaskunta seurasi Länsi-Euroopan maiden esimerkkiä. Varhainen suomalainen itsemurhatutkimus oli kytköksissä 1800-luvun ranskalaiseen ja englantilaiseen psykiatriseen tutkimukseen, yhteiskunnallisiin teorioihin ja väestötilastotietoihin nojaaviin käsityksiin. Osana psykiatrian institutionaalista ja tieteenhistoriallista kehitystä suomalainen itsemurhatutkimus astui toisen maailmansodan jälkeen uuteen vaiheeseen. Käsitykset itsemurhasta kansanluonteen tai rodullisten piirteiden ilmaisuna väistyivät, kun psykoanalyyttisesti orientoitunut tutkimus alkoi etsiä itsemurhan tiedostamattomia psyykkisiä syitä. 1970-luvulla psykiatrinen itsemurhatutkimus suuntautui yksilön mielen ohella yhteiskunnallisiin taustatekijöihin osana sosiaalipsykiatrista tutkimusta. Näin luotiin pohjaa 1980-luvun lopulla käynnistetylle valtakunnalliselle itsemurhien ehkäisyhankkeelle, jonka tieteenhistoriallista taustaa tämä tutkimus valottaa. Tämän tutkimuksen keskeisimmän lähdeaineiston muodostavat suomalaiset lääketieteellisestä näkökulmasta laaditut itsemurhatutkimukset ja itsemurhia käsitelleet tutkimusartikkelit vuosivälillä 1864–1985

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Bovin, Axel. « Free market or food stockpiles : A comparative case study of food supply in a crisis perspective in Sweden and Finland ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354986.

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The purpose of this study is to identify similarities and differences in preparations by Sweden and Finland to ensure food supply in a crisis. Previous research consisting of separate studies have showed a decreased ability to ensure food supply in crisis in Sweden, and an increased ability in Finland. In a time of raising awareness, changing security concerns and political will, the contribution of this study is to simultaneously investigate the two countries and provide an understanding of the historical- and present approaches. By using comparative case study as method and applying International relations theory, a broader understanding of the different approaches by otherwise similar countries is achieved. The approaches of Sweden can be explained by using realist, neorealist, liberal and neoliberal theories while Finland’s approach best can be explained by realist and neorealist theories. The study is relevant for the field of humanitarian action and conflict since it provides an understanding of the countries contingency plans regarding food. Threat assessments from both countries identifies man-made conflicts such as terrorism, cyber-attacks, use of military force and war to have the possibility to create disruptions in the normal cycles of the society and those of surrounding countries. If these threats were to occur, basic needs must be met, one being food supply.

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Bly, Elizabeth Ann. « Generation X and the Invention of a Third Feminist Wave ». Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1259803398.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010.
Title from PDF (viewed 2009-12-30). Department of History. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references and appendices. Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center.

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Livres sur le sujet "Finland – Social condition – History"

R, Mead W. An experience of Finland. London : Hurst, 1993.

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Bashmakova, Natalʹi︠a︡. Russian life in Finland 1917-1939 : A local and oral history. Helsinki : Institute for Russian and East European Studies, 2001.

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Finland-Swedes in Michigan. East Lansing : Michigan State University Press, 2012.

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Heikkinen, Sakari. Labour and the market : Workers, wages and living standards in Finland, 1850-1913. Helsinki : Finish Society of Sciences and Letters, 1997.

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Women in distress : Self-understanding among 20th-century Finnish rural women. Zürich : Lit, 2011.

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North, Calotte Library Conference (1995 Rovaniemi Finland). The North Calotte Library Conference proceedings : 16-18 August, 1995, Rovaniemi, Finland. Rovaniemi : Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, 1996.

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Müller-Wille, Ludger. Kahden kulttuurin kohtaaminen : Saamelaiset ja suomalaiset Utsjoella. Rovaniemi : Arktinen keskus, Lapin yliopisto, 1996.

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Witchcraft and gender in early modern society : Finland and the wider European experience. Aldershot, Hants, England : Ashgate, 2008.

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Nygård, Toivo. Erilaisten historiaa : Marginaaliryhmät Suomessa 1800-luvulla ja 1900-luvun alussa. Jyväskylä : Atena Kustannus Oy, 1998.

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Talonen, Jouko. Pohjois-Suomen lestadiolaisuuden poliittis-yhteiskunnallinen profiili 1905-1929 = The sociopolitical profile of the Laestadian movement in northern Finland between 1905-1929. Helsinki : Suomen Kirkkohistoriallinen seura, 1988.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Finland – Social condition – History"

Wierzchosławski, Rafał Paweł. « The Post-Truth Condition and Social Distribution of Knowledge ». Dans History in a Post-Truth World, 66–83. First edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series : Routledge approaches to history ; 39 : Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429319204-5.

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Satka, Mirja. « Gender in the History of Social Work : Biographies of Male and Female Social Work Pioneers in Finland ». Dans History of Social Work in Europe (1900–1960), 151–59. Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80895-0_16.

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Rantala, Jukka, et Najat Ouakrim-Soivio. « Why Does Changing the Orientation of History Teaching Take So Long ? A Case Study from Finland ». Dans The Palgrave Handbook of History and Social Studies Education, 471–94. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37210-1_18.

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Toivo, Raisa Maria. « Prayer and the Body in Lay Religious Experience in Early Modern Finland ». Dans Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, 115–38. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92140-8_5.

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AbstractToivo’s chapter systematizes prayer as experience on three levels, as everyday encounters, as social processes and as structures. It shows the material and the corporeal nature of the early modern prayer to play an essential part in the ways the religious experience of a prayer was simultaneously constructed and personalized and shared. Praying was ‘doing’ in a much more holistic sense than merely saying words or even less thinking thoughts to God. The body and the material surroundings of the prayer form a space where the experience takes place, even ‘a tool’ to experience with.

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Massa, Manuela. « What Is the Condition for the Members of Social Communities to Be “Real” People According to Gerda Walther ? » Dans Women in the History of Philosophy and Sciences, 101–11. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97592-4_8.

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Kuha, Miia. « Extended Families as Communities of Religious Experience in Late Seventeenth-Century Eastern Finland ». Dans Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, 139–61. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92140-8_6.

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AbstractThis chapter offers an interpretation of extended families as communities of experience in a rural area close to the eastern border of the Swedish realm. Through a case study of lower court records, Kuha examines the social and religious life in a 17th-century farm culminating in the crisis of an extended family. The chapter explores how practices of lived religion shaped the relationship of the community and the individual, and how experiences were negotiated within families and local communities. The analysis highlights the importance of protecting the boundaries of the household as well as the meaning of religious practices in creating cohesion within the community.

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Kokko, Heikki. « Temporalization of Experiencing : First-Hand Experience of the Nation in Mid-Nineteenth Century Finland ». Dans Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, 109–33. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69882-9_5.

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AbstractKokko tests and develops further Benedict Anderson’s thesis about “imagined communities” through analyzing the experiential change that the emerging of first-hand experience of the nation required at the individual level. The analysis of readers’ letters published in the Finnish-language press provides a rare history-from-below approach to the emerging experience of the nation. Besides focusing on the mid-1800s’ Finnish grass roots experience of the nation, the chapter draws attention to the form of belonging which existed prior to it. ‘Temporalization of Experiencing’ presents the first-hand experience of the nation as a social phenomenon. The chapter indicates that the absorbing of the experience of the nation was based on a transformation in the structures of experiencing that was linked to the modernization process.

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Markkola, Pirjo. « Correction to : Working-Class Women Living Religion in Finland at the Turn of the Twentieth Century ». Dans Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, C1—C2. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92140-8_12.

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AbstractThe footnote number 10 in Pirjo Markkola’s chapter, page 222 in the book, 10 Katajala-Peltomaa & Toivo, “Introduction to Medieval and Early Modern,” 11-13; Koselleck, Futures Past, 267-76; Kivimäki, “Reittejä Kokemushistoriaan,” 17-19; Berger & Luckmann, The Social Construction, 54-56, 85-89 has been corrected to10 Katajala-Peltomaa & Toivo, “Introduction to Medieval and Early Modern,” 11-13; Koselleck, Futures Past, 267-76; Kivimäki, “Reittejä Kokemushistoriaan,” 17-19; Berger & Luckmann, The Social Construction, 54-56, 85-89; Within HEX, ’scene of experience’ as a theoretical concept has been developed by Minna Harjula and Heikki Kokko.

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Lahelma, Elina. « Controversies and Challenges in the History of Gender Discourses in Education in Finland ». Dans Finland’s Famous Education System, 257–72. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8241-5_16.

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AbstractFinland is famous for high scores in PISA league tables as well as for high scores in gender equality indexes. Sometimes these two championships seem to be competing. Since the first PISA tests, an old concern for boys’ underachievement has received new emphasis and the gender gap in results has detracted from national pride in the excellent overall results, as well as hiding a growing social and ethnic gap. In the 1980s concern about underachieving boys in Finland was matched by efforts towards gender equality in education following global declarations and resolutions of gender equality after the United Nations’ Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women in 1979. Supported by the first equality projects, gender research in Finnish education took the first steps in the late 1980s. Since that time, gender researchers in education have collaborated in carrying out gender equality administration and projects. A constant task has been to challenge the simple juxtaposition of girls and boys that is sometimes evident in the concerns about boys’ achievements. In this chapter, I describe and analyse the interlinked histories of gender equality work, feminist studies in education, and the boy discourse, with reflections on changes and sustainability in Finnish education policies. The bodies of data include documents associated with gender equality projects, national PISA reports, reviews of research articles and PhD studies that draw on feminist research in education. I also use my own experience as an actor in the field since the early 1980s.

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Tepora, Tuomas. « The Image of Marshal Mannerheim, Moral Panic, and the Refashioning of the Nation in the 1990s ». Dans Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, 349–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69882-9_14.

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AbstractThis chapter shows how the social and political changes in Finnish society in the early 1990s were reflected in the images of C. G. E. Mannerheim (1867–1951), the Marshal of Finland. By looking at the debate concerning the construction of the Museum of Contemporary Art right next to the Mannerheim equestrian statue in Helsinki, Tepora analyzes the public dispute as a moral panic that sprang from the 1990s recession, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and joining the European Union. Arguing for the study of nontotalitarian personality cults, Tepora shows how the opposing sides in the debate either rose to defend the conservative Mannerheim image as an unchanging emotional figure or recoded the figure to reflect their liberal and cosmopolitan perspectives.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Finland – Social condition – History"

Palipane, Kelum, et Janet McGaw. « An Interdisciplinary Architectural Pedagogy for Social Relevance ». Dans 2019 ACSA Teachers Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.teach.2019.61.

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We live in a time of rapid geo-political change that is expected to accelerate rather than stabilise over the coming decades: More than half the world lives in urban areas, a figure expected to rise to 68% over the next 30 years. Cities are denser and more socially complex than ever before. Rural to urban internal migration continues, but a substantial driver of population transitions is a consequence of inter-national immigration, some of it forced. In fact, there are currently 65 million displaced people in the world; the largest figure in history. These increasingly complex conditions require architects to practice a new kind of critical consciousness about the socio-economic, environmental and demographic multiplicities in which they work. It’s no longer enough to concentrate on the conditions of a site defined by the lines of property ownership. Architects need to adopt a contextually relevant praxis that responds to the multiscalar effects of our changing social condition. To that end, we argue, the emerging generation of architects will need knowledge and methods – often inter-disciplinary – that enable them to read and represent these social complexities and address them through critical design responses. This paper presents a pedagogical approach for a foundational transdisciplinary design studio within a new generalist undergraduate degree in design in which this pedagogical challenge is addressed. It is a core subject in the pathway to professional a master’s degrees in architecture, landscape architecture and urban design.

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Anisah, Wafie, et Filosa Gita Sukmono. « Promotional Strategies of Local Governments in Improving Tourists’ Post Pandemic Experience : Case Study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia ». Dans 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002769.

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This study aims to find out how to manage the official Twitter social media account of the Indonesian local government after the pandemic. Twitter has become an important part of the government’s social media, one of which is an effective tourism industry promotion medium. This condition is supported by Indonesian social media users reaching 170 million of the total population. Therefore, the authors to look at how social media work for the Yogyakarta City Government, creating tourism industry promotion after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a Qualitative Data Analysis Software approach, with NvivoPlus 12 as the data analysis tool. The source of this research data came from @humas_jogja, the official Twitter account of the Yogyakarta City Government. The findings of this study indicated that, first, social media worked well as a tourism industry promotion medium for Yogyakarta after the pandemic. Second, as a communication medium, the Yogyakarta City Government encourages people to be vaccinated before traveling to Yogyakarta. Third, as a medium for mitigation tourism industry, new adaptations are promoted through the health protocol campaign while traveling to Yogyakarta. Fourth, as an educational medium, @humas_jogja encourages history-based tourism industry for students. These findings are based the intensity of information submitted by the @humas_jogja account using the tagline of special areas as a characteristic of Yogyakarta.

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Innocencio, Giovanna de Camargo, Paulo Roberto Hernandes Júnior, Patrick de Abreu Cunha Lopes, Juliana de Souza Rosa et Jhoney Francieis Feitosa. « Epidemiological analysis, risk factors and therapeutic plan for post-stroke depression ». Dans XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.176.

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Background: the stroke is defined by the OMS as the rapid development of neurological symptoms and/or focal signs that last for more than 24 hours, resulting from the sudden change in blood flow to the region. Major depressive disorder is one of the main complications that exist after a stroke. Objectives to correlate the occurrence of depression and stroke, to analyze the risk factors and the best therapeutic approach for the condition. Methods: a literature review was carried out from the Scielo and PubMed database, using as descriptors “Stroke”, “Depression” and “Post-stroke depression”, where 13 articles between 2003 and 2018 were selected. Results: the major depressive disorder is the most common psychiatric complication after strokes. A meta-analysis identified a cumulative incidence of depression from 29% to 52% in the first five years after stroke, although several studies have shown that post-stroke depression is diagnosed in only 10% of cases. When not diagnosed or treated, it is associated with a reduction in the patient’s active participation in the rehabilitation process, a decrease in quality of life and an increase in mortality. Risk factors include previous functional and cognitive impairment, history of depressive disorder, sex, age, previous stroke, hypercortisolemia, poor social support network, neuroanatomical characteristics of the stroke and high serum levels of IL-6. The pharmacological management can be carried out prophylactically or therapeutically, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors being the most indicated and tricyclic antidepressants as an alternative. Conclusion: the frequency of depressive disorder after stroke is relatively high and characterized as a predictor of poor prognosis. The importance of attention to the multifactorial context in which depression arises and the early treatment of psychiatric comorbidities in post-stroke individuals should be reinforced, since this strategy may reflect on better quality of life and reduction in morbidity and mortality rates that occur after the condition.

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Doyle, Shelby, et Leslie Forehand. « Hydrophobic Paper Architecture : Studies in the Sustainability of Impermanent Structures ». Dans 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.62.

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“The problem with a tent is that when you use it you throw it away, so it’s money that melts.”—Alejandro Aravena The social project of architecture has long been fascinated with emergency and refugee housing as a primary unit of architectural and urban development. For decades, architects have proposed alternatives to the United Nations’ blue tent cities that are the principal image associated with humanitarian aid and its resulting urbanism. During the 2016 Venice Biennale Reporting from the Front, curator Alejandro Aravena challenges architects to reconsider the discipline’s relationship to society’s most urgent challenges. The ongoing European refugee crisis is one such ‘Front’and this research examines the viability of an alternative to the polyvinylchloride (PVC) tarp as the default condition of emergency and refugee housing. The authors propose that waterproof paper surfaces and members, treated with a proprietary nano-coating can perform as well as traditional materials, but with reduced environmental impact and improved user comfort. A collaboration between researchers in Material Science and Architecture combines ongoing scientific research with digital design tools and methods. Following is a brief history of building with paper, an introduction to hydrophobic nano-coatings, and several fabricated prototypes. This project expands upon initial applications from the Tokyo Institute of Technology (2012) where researchers successfully prepared paper surfaces with a nano-particle coating, repelling water and maintaining structural integrity.

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Camporeale, Antonio. « Plastic City/Elastic City : A Critical Interpretation of Urban Transformations ». Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6194.

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Globalization phenomenon caused effects that profoundly reduced the variety of reality, involving cultural, social and economic diversities, once recognizable and also identifiable through the study of architecture as a collective product of a civil community. In this context, architecture, as built and anthropic reality, suffered the shots of a revolution that has produced osmosis, hybridisation, contamination, both diatopic that diachronic, now became synchronic and syntopic phenomena. Actually, you can find / read common characters in the substrate, first typological then material, which, if critically interpreted, could indicate a possible and alternative way out of this apparent chaotic condition. In my opinion, following the consolidated basis of a theoretical and cultural heritage that has provided tools for critical reading of urban transformations, it is possible to distinguish two types of processes, usually traceable in cities. In order to rich this goal, I used the tools of the mechanical building discipline that identify: ‘elastic’ and ‘plastic’ transformations. The ‘elastic’ transformation produces ‘elastic cities’ because, at the end of the sustained stresses, the final configuration not change, instead the ‘plastic’ one produces ‘plastic cities’ when, at the end of the sustained stresses, the final configuration is not coincided with the initial one. These considerations / critical notes are the beginning of a research that, in my opinion, could offer inedited developments, both in the recognition of an unusual history of architecture, closer to his material essence, either as design and project tools, coherent with new consolidated environments.

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Blümer, Mariana Piovan. « A porosidade no largo da batata : cultura como patrimônio imaterial na cidade contemporânea ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6299.

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O Largo da Batata torna-se objeto de estudo na busca pela compreensão da Porosidade na cidade como condicionante de ocupação e uso dos espaços públicos pelo ser humano, assim como estepróprio se construindo a partir de experiências possíveis por imersão nessa esfera.O espaço público identificado como um espaço de significações, constituído por camadas que denotam as transformações do sentido delugar. Nesse contexto, os poros são indiretamente percebidos, pois não são possíveis de serem interpretados apenas pelas formas físicas (visuais). Trata-se de uma análise fenomenológica das formas de ocupação atuais somadas às dinâmicas de uso e identidade desse lugar ao longo do tempo, as quais são entendidas aqui como membranas.Investiga-se, portanto, quais são os parâmetros que definem a porosidade? Há relação entre as condicionantes de porosidade física e de porosidade social? Como elas qualificam os espaços urbanos públicos no cotidiano citadino (espaço existencial)? É possível construir porosidade? The Largo da Batata becomes an object of study in the search for understanding porosity in the city as a condition of occupation and use of public spaces by man, and man self-buildingfrom possible experiences for immersion in this sphere. Public space hasidentified as space of meanings, made of layers that denote the transformations on the sense of place. In this context, the pores are indirectly perceived as they are not able to be interpreted only by the physical forms (visual); this is a phenomenological analysis of modes of today’s occupation, the dynamics of use and identity of this place throughout its history - understood here as their membranes. Therefore, we inquire what are the parameters that define the porosity? Is there a relationship between the conditions of physical porosity and social porosity? If so, how they qualify the public urban spaces in the daily city (existential space)? Can we build porosity?

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Khaled, Salma Mawfek, Catalina Gabriela Petcu, Maryam Ali Al-Thani, Aisha Mohammed Al-Hamadi et Peter Woodruff. « Prevalence and Potential Determinants of Insomnia Disorder in the General Population of Qatar ». Dans Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0130.

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Aims: To estimate the prevalence of Insomnia Disorder in the household population of Qatar and explore potential associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms in addition to sociodemographic variables. Methods: Probability-based sampling was used to select a representative sample (N= 1,611) of Qatar’s household population. Face-to-face household interviews were conducted by trained staff using computer-assisted technology with consenting participants who were 18 years or older living in Qatar by the Social and Economic Research Institute (SESRI) at Qatar University as part of the Annual Omnibus survey in February/ March, 2019. The Sleep Condition Indicator (Epsie, 2014), a brief screening tool for DSM-5 criteria, was used to estimate the prevalence of insomnia in Qatar’s general population. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were ascertained using the PHQ-9 and GAD-2. Sociodemographic and health information including personal and family history of autoimmune disease were also collected. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were conducted. Results: The prevalence of insomnia was 5.5% (95%CI: 4.3-6.7) and was higher in females (6.3%) than males (4.6%), though these differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.216). Insomnia was strongly associated with depressive (OR=5.4, P<0.01) and anxiety symptoms (OR=3.0, P<0.05). Having one or more autoimmune diseases were strongly associated with insomnia (OR=3.9, P<0.001) in Qatar’s general population. Insomnia was positively associated with younger age (P<0.01) and negatively associated with higher (post-secondary) education (OR=0.4, P<0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant association between mental illness and insomnia in Qatar with interesting findings in context of Qatar for role of age, education, and ethnicity. These findings need to be taken into account in provision of mental health services. Future studies should delineate the role of cultural attitudes towards sleep as potential mechanism linking insomnia to mental illness.

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Freitas, Laura Rabelo de, Lilian Cristina Silva da Costa, Maria Gabriela Ferreira da Silva, Luiza Rodrigues Batista et Rafael Henrique Szywanski Machado. « EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND INCIDENCE OF BREAST CANCER IN MALE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY HEALTH INSTITUTION ». Dans XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1030.

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Introduction: Despite the rare incidence of malignant breast pathologies in men, it is extremely important to pay attention to any complaints related to breast alterations in men. Benign and malignant breast diseases are uncommon in men. In addition, most of the male population can be careless when it comes to their own health, especially in breast diseases, commonly seen as an exclusive condition for women. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of male patients treated at the Mastology Clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Lagoa’s Federal Hospital (HFL), a tertiary health institution. Methods: In total, 40 medical records of patients who were assisted during 2020 and 2021 were evaluated. Results: The majority of patients were between 30 and 70 years old, and the major complaints (97%) were related to a tumor or to breast volume increase. Sixty percent of the patients were diagnosed with gynecomastia and, as a consequence, have been regularly observed throughout appointments since then. Some of these patients (12.5%) have reported the use of anabolic substances before the discovery. The breast cancer incidence in this male population was 22.5% during this period, and the patients affected by malignant tumors were between 47 and 74 years old. Most patients with breast cancer smoked (55%) and drank alcohol (22%). No patient had breast cancer in family history and only one patient was related to a family history of prostate cancer. A total of 66.6% of the male breast cancer in this study population was positive for hormone receptors, and the papillary carcinoma of the breast was the predominant histological type (44.4%). Conclusion: As other studies indicate, all of the patients were in an advanced stage of the disease since the first appointment at HFL. Low educational level, no knowledge about possible male breast cancer, insecurity, shyness and fear of possible social judgments about breast increase (especially in older patients), and carelessness when it comes to their own health were the preponderant factors for a clinically advanced disease among the patients at HFL. These factors were also relevant for a bad adaptation to the treatment, as well as emotional shakiness during therapy and follow-up: some patients showed symptoms such as apathy, deep sadness, and even depression. The male population assisted by the Mastology Clinic at HFL has similar features as the ones in equivalent studies. This research confirms the necessity of an increase in male’s Health Care Education, family participation during treatment, and interdisciplinary care, considering the physical and emotional consequences of such diagnosis.

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Uya, Yifan. « Collaborative Vibration : The Mythic Journey of A Coal Boy ». Dans LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.119.

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Acknowledging the Anthropocene crisis, my research examines myth and myth-making to reimagine the role of Claude Lévi-Strauss’ bricoleur concept. Following Joseph M. Coll’s Taoist and Buddhist systemic thinking inspired theory of sustainable transformation, the practice-led project evolves into the making of an essayist film that conveys a specific personal myth.My research reckons that a bricoleur should perceive myth-making as an organic growing organisation that acquires intuition and posteriori knowledge. And focus on a narrative that evolves into the mythic identity of a piece of coal and a bar-tailed godwit corresponding to designated oppositional values and semiotic assets. Apart from the practitioner works of Stan Brakhage, Chris Marker and Adam Curtis, my research also dives into Elysia Crampton Chuquimia, Howie Lee and Yaksha‘s musical languages to explore the other narrative possibilities when re-examining history in a socially conscious manner. As the film soundtrack is also part of the myth-making production. My practice-led project inevitably evolves into the subject of the self as the production presents a negotiation through metaphors and signifiers concerning memory, history and experience. The filmmaking echoes a search for the wisdom of self-acceptance. It adopts Stephen Yablo’s understanding of conceivability to generate and regenerate meaningful assets. Concepts are planted to grow into newer representations compromising posteriori knowledge and self-realisations, with informal syllogistic reasoning concerning the epistemological nature of imagination and the transformative structure of myth. The contextual knowledge of my research examines the subject of myth and myth-making through Jacques Lacan's theory of fantasy, Jungian analytical psychology and Claude Lévi-Strauss knowledge of structural linguistics. It adopts Lévi-Strauss’ canonical myth formula concerning the missing discussion of experience, community, and the wilder contexts of shamanology. Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological body and Martin Heidegger's thoughts on the philosophy of technology concerning the body-to-technology relation and the notion of symbolic light and darkness. With critics on the instrumentalist stance of technology and Rene Descartes's modal metaphysics concerning Arnold Gehlen’s conservative alert of mankind’s debased condition of modern existence, my research proposes that myth-making is a necessary altruistic form of social technology that can transform experience into wisdom. Acknowledging that will is the priority for behaviour change. The production examines the Dao of myth and myth-making as a specific technological answer to resolve David Attenborough's calling for a global transformation and collaboration in his book A Life of Our Planet. To further develop such a technology, my research seeks a systemic understanding of myth and myth-making. Therefore, my research hypothesis a wholistic and heuristic methodology, namely Daoist bricoleur. By experiencing a personal myth, I celebrate my Manchu and Chinese culture origin and the complexity of my upbringing. My research visits the endangered Manchu Ulabun storytelling tradition and reckons the film production rely on the structural establishment of critical mythic fragments founded on autobiography and social conventions. As a permanent resident of New Zealand born in a coal-mining town in eastern Inner Mongolia, China, with an unverifiable ancestral clan name related to Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty and much more.

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Heard, R. G. « The Ultimate Solution : Disposal of Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources (DSRS) ». Dans ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40029.

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The borehole disposal concept (BDC) was first presented to ICEM by Potier, J-M in 2005 [1]. This paper repeats the basics introduced by Potier and relates further developments. It also documents the history of the development of the BDC. For countries with no access to existing or planned geological disposal facilities for radioactive wastes, the only options for managing high activity or long-lived disused radioactive sources are to store them indefinitely, return them to the supplier or find an alternative method of disposal. Disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS) pose an unacceptable radiological and security risk if not properly managed. Out of control sources have already led to many high-profile incidents or accidents. One needs only to remember the recent accident in India that occurred earlier this year. Countries without solutions in place need to consider the future management of DSRSs urgently. An on-going problem in developing countries is what to do with sources that cannot be returned to the suppliers, sources for which there is no further use, sources that have not been maintained in a working condition and sources that are no longer suitable for their intended purpose. Disposal in boreholes is intended to be simple and effective, meeting the same high standards of long-term radiological safety as any other type of radioactive waste disposal. It is believed that the BDC can be readily deployed with simple, cost-effective technologies. These are appropriate both to the relatively small amounts and activities of the wastes and the resources that can realistically be found in developing countries. The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation Ltd (Necsa) has carried out project development and demonstration activities since 1996. The project looked into the technical feasibility, safety and economic viability of BDC under the social, economic, environmental and infrastructural conditions currently prevalent in Africa. Implementation is near at hand with work being done in Ghana with support from the IAEA. Here the site selection is complete and studies are being carried out to test the site parameters for inclusion into the safety assessment.

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